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Nagayama K, Nogami K, Sugano S, Nakazawa M. Dedifferentiation- and aging-induced loss of mechanical contractility and polarity in vascular smooth muscle cells: Heterogeneous changes in macroscopic and microscopic behavior of cells in serial passage culture. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 160:106744. [PMID: 39303420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Dedifferentiation and aging of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are associated with serious vascular diseases, such as arteriosclerosis and aneurysm. However, how cell dedifferentiation and aging affect cellular mechanical behaviors at the single-cell and intracellular structure levels remains unclear. An in-depth understanding of these interactions is extremely important for understanding the mechanism underlying VSMC mechanical integrity and homeostatic regulation of vascular walls. Herein, we systematically investigated changes in VSMC morphology, structure, contractility, and motility during dedifferentiation and aging induced by serial passage culture using traction force microscopy with elastic micropillar substrates, laser nanodissection of cytoskeletons, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. We found that VSMC dedifferentiation started in the middle stage of serial passage culture, accompanied by a transient cell spreading in the cell width and decrease in contractile protein expression. Dedifferentiated VSMCs showed a significant decrease in the contraction and stiffness of individual actin stress fibers; however, their overall cell traction forces were maintained. Simultaneously, a significant increase in cell motility and the number of actin fibers was observed in dedifferentiated VSMCs, which may be associated with the enhancement of cell migration and disruption of cell/tissue integrity during the early stage of vascular diseases. As cell senescence progressed in the later stage of serial passage culture, VSMCs displayed reduced cell spreading and migration with decrease in the overall cell traction forces and drastic reduction in mechanical polarity of cell structures and forces. These results suggested that cell senescence causes loss of mechanical contractility and polarity in VSMCs, which may be an important factor in vascular disease progression. The experimental systems established in this study can be powerful tools for understanding the mechanisms underlying cellular dedifferentiation and aging from a biomechanical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Nagayama
- Micro-Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, Nakanarusawa-cho, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan.
| | - Kenzo Nogami
- Micro-Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, Nakanarusawa-cho, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Shunta Sugano
- Micro-Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, Nakanarusawa-cho, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
| | - Miku Nakazawa
- Micro-Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, Nakanarusawa-cho, Hitachi, 316-8511, Japan
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Huang Z, Yoo KH, Li D, Yu Q, Ye L, Wei W. Pan-cancer analysis of m1A writer gene RRP8: implications for immune infiltration and prognosis in human cancers. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:437. [PMID: 39266915 PMCID: PMC11393379 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribosomal RNA Processing 8 (RRP8) is a gene associated with RNA modification and has been implicated in the development of several types of tumors in recent research. Nevertheless, the biological importance of RRP8 in pan-cancer has not yet been thoroughly and comprehensively investigated. METHODS In this study, we conducted an analysis of various public databases to investigate the biological functions of RRP8. Our analysis included examining its correlation with pan-cancer prognosis, heterogeneity, stemness, immune checkpoint genes, and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, we utilized the GDSC and CTRP databases to assess the sensitivity of RRP8 to small molecule drugs. RESULTS Our findings indicate that RRP8 exhibits differential expression between tumor and normal samples, particularly impacting the prognosis of various cancers such as Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and Kidney Chromophobe (KICH). The expression of RRP8 is intricately linked to tumor heterogeneity and stemness markers. Additionally, RRP8 shows a positive correlation with the presence of tumor-infiltrating cells, with TP53 being the predominant mutated gene in these malignancies. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that RRP8 may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in a variety of cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Huang
- Operating Room, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Koo Han Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duohui Li
- Department of Pharmacy Management, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, 246000, Anhui, China.
| | - Qingxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of pathology, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China.
| | - Luxia Ye
- Department of Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China.
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Shrikondawar AN, Chennoju K, Ghosh DK, Ranjan A. Identification and functional characterization of the nuclear and nucleolar localization signals in the intrinsically disordered region of nucleomethylin. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31433. [PMID: 39245872 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The nucleolar localization of proteins is regulated by specific signals directing their trafficking to nucleus and nucleolus. Here, we elucidate the mechanism underlying the nuclear and nucleolar localization of the nucleomethylin (NML) protein, focusing on its nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and nucleolar localization signal (NoLS). Using a combination of bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation, we identified two monopartite and one bipartite NLS motifs within NML. The combined presence of both monopartite NLSs significantly enhances nuclear localization of the protein, while specific basic amino acid clusters within the bipartite NLS are crucial for their functionality. We also reveal the functional role of the NLS-coupled NoLS motif in driving nucleolar localization of NML, which contains an arginine-rich motif essential for its function. The basic residues of the arginine-rich motif of NoLS of NML interacts with nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1), allowing the possible liquid-liquid phase separation and retention of NML in the nucleolus. Remarkably, the strong NoLS of NML can direct the nucleolar localization of a cytosolic protein, aldolase, emphasizing its potency. Overall, our findings provide insights into the combinatorial functioning of NLSs and NoLS in regulating the subcellular localization of NML, highlighting the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing its localization within the nucleus and nucleolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaykumar Nanaji Shrikondawar
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
- Graduate Studies, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Kiranmai Chennoju
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
- Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Akash Ranjan
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India
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Yoshioka Y, Huang Y, Jin X, Ngo KX, Kumaki T, Jin M, Toyoda S, Takayama S, Inotsume M, Fujita K, Homma H, Ando T, Tanaka H, Okazawa H. PQBP3 prevents senescence by suppressing PSME3-mediated proteasomal Lamin B1 degradation. EMBO J 2024; 43:3968-3999. [PMID: 39103492 PMCID: PMC11405525 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescence of nondividing neurons remains an immature concept, with especially the regulatory molecular mechanisms of senescence-like phenotypes and the role of proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases in triggering neuronal senescence remaining poorly explored. In this study, we reveal that the nucleolar polyglutamine binding protein 3 (PQBP3; also termed NOL7), which has been linked to polyQ neurodegenerative diseases, regulates senescence as a gatekeeper of cytoplasmic DNA leakage. PQBP3 directly binds PSME3 (proteasome activator complex subunit 3), a subunit of the 11S proteasome regulator complex, decreasing PSME3 interaction with Lamin B1 and thereby preventing Lamin B1 degradation and senescence. Depletion of endogenous PQBP3 causes nuclear membrane instability and release of genomic DNA from the nucleus to the cytosol. Among multiple tested polyQ proteins, ataxin-1 (ATXN1) partially sequesters PQBP3 to inclusion bodies, reducing nucleolar PQBP3 levels. Consistently, knock-in mice expressing mutant Atxn1 exhibit decreased nuclear PQBP3 and a senescence phenotype in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. Collectively, these results suggest homologous roles of the nucleolar protein PQBP3 in cellular senescence and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshioka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Xiaocen Jin
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kien Xuan Ngo
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kumaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Meihua Jin
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Saori Toyoda
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sumire Takayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Maiko Inotsume
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kyota Fujita
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hidenori Homma
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hikari Tanaka
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okazawa
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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Shlapakova PS, Dobrynina LA, Kalashnikova LA, Gubanova MV, Danilova MS, Gnedovskaya EV, Grigorenko AP, Gusev FE, Manakhov AD, Rogaev EI. Peripheral Blood Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Molecular Pathways Associated with Cervical Artery Dissection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5205. [PMID: 38791244 PMCID: PMC11121660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is the primary cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. Monogenic heritable connective tissue diseases account for fewer than 5% of cases of CeAD. The remaining sporadic cases have known risk factors. The clinical, radiological, and histological characteristics of systemic vasculopathy and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia are present in up to 70% of individuals with sporadic CeAD. Genome-wide association studies identified CeAD-associated genetic variants in the non-coding genomic regions that may impact the gene transcription and RNA processing. However, global gene expression profile analysis has not yet been carried out for CeAD patients. We conducted bulk RNA sequencing and differential gene expression analysis to investigate the expression profile of protein-coding genes in the peripheral blood of 19 CeAD patients and 18 healthy volunteers. This was followed by functional annotation, heatmap clustering, reports on gene-disease associations and protein-protein interactions, as well as gene set enrichment analysis. We found potential correlations between CeAD and the dysregulation of genes linked to nucleolar stress, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, mitochondrial malfunction, and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina S. Shlapakova
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Larisa A. Dobrynina
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Ludmila A. Kalashnikova
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Mariia V. Gubanova
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Maria S. Danilova
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Elena V. Gnedovskaya
- Third Neurological Department, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow 125367, Russia; (P.S.S.); (L.A.K.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Anastasia P. Grigorenko
- Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia (F.E.G.)
| | - Fedor E. Gusev
- Department of Genomics and Human Genetics, Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia (F.E.G.)
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; (A.D.M.)
| | - Andrey D. Manakhov
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; (A.D.M.)
- Center for Genetics and Genetic Technologies, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
| | - Evgeny I. Rogaev
- Department of Genetics, Center for Genetics and Life Science, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia; (A.D.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, UMass Chan Medical School, 222 Maple Ave, Reed-Rose-Gordon Building, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA
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6
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You K, Du X, Zhao Y, Wen F, Lu Z, Fan H. RRP8, associated with immune infiltration, is a prospective therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:245. [PMID: 38722372 PMCID: PMC11082032 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribosomal RNA Processing 8 (RRP8) is a nucleolar Rossman fold-like methyltransferase that exhibits increased expression in many malignant tumours. However, the role of RRP8 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still uncertain. We explored the relationships between RRP8 and prognosis and immune infiltration, as well as the putative pathological function and mechanism of RRP8 in HCC. METHODS Analysis of RRP8 expression across cancers was performed by using multiple databases. Associations between RRP8 expression and clinicopathological factors were further examined. Gene enrichment analysis was used to identify various putative biological activities and regulatory networks of RRP8 in HCC. The relationship between RRP8 expression and immune infiltration was confirmed by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of clinical variables on patient outcomes. Furthermore, a nomogram was constructed to estimate survival probability based on multivariate Cox regression analysis. Functional validation of RRP8 in HCC was performed with two different systems: doxycycline-inducible shRNA knockdown and CRISPR-Cas9 knockout. RESULTS RRP8 was markedly overexpressed in HCC clinical specimens compared to adjacent normal tissues. Further analysis demonstrated that RRP8 was directly connected to multiple clinical characteristics and strongly associated with various immune markers in HCC. Moreover, elevated RRP8 expression indicated an unfavourable prognosis. Our functional studies revealed that both knockdown and knockout of RRP8 dramatically attenuated liver cancer cells to proliferate and migrate. Knockout of RRP8 decreased the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and β-catenin-(Y654) signalling pathway components; downregulated downstream signalling effectors, including Cyclin D1 and N-cadherin; and upregulated E-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS RRP8 is strongly implicated in immune infiltration and could be a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai You
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xingxing Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yunzheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fukai Wen
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhaoyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huitao Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Kołacz K, Robaszkiewicz A. PARP1 at the crossroad of cellular senescence and nucleolar processes. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102206. [PMID: 38278370 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Senescent cells that occur in response to telomere shortening, oncogenes, extracellular and intracellular stress factors are characterized by permanent cell cycle arrest, the morphological and structural changes of the cell that include the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and nucleoli rearrangement. The associated DNA lesions induce DNA damage response (DDR), which activates the DNA repair protein - poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). This protein consumes NAD+ to synthesize ADP-ribose polymer (PAR) on its own protein chain and on other interacting proteins. The involvement of PARP1 in nucleoli processes, such as rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis, the maintenance of heterochromatin and nucleoli structure, as well as controlling the crucial DDR protein release from the nucleoli to nucleus, links PARP1 with cellular senescence and nucleoli functioning. In this review we describe and discuss the impact of PARP1-mediated ADP-ribosylation on early cell commitment to senescence with the possible role of senescence-induced PARP1 transcriptional repression and protein degradation on nucleoli structure and function. The cause-effect interplay between PARP1 activation/decline and nucleoli functioning during senescence needs to be studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kołacz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12 /16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research (IFBR), 600 5th Street South, St. Petersburgh, FL 33701, USA.
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8
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Tian X, Pedigo CE, Li K, Ma X, Bunda P, Pell J, Lek A, Gu J, Zhang Y, Medina Rangel PX, Li W, Schwartze E, Nagata S, Lerner G, Perincheri S, Priyadarshini A, Zhao H, Lek M, Menon MC, Fu R, Ishibe S. Profilin1 is required for prevention of mitotic catastrophe in murine and human glomerular diseases. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e171237. [PMID: 37847555 PMCID: PMC10721156 DOI: 10.1172/jci171237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of proteinuric kidney diseases is associated with podocyte loss, but the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Podocytes reenter the cell cycle to repair double-stranded DNA breaks. However, unsuccessful repair can result in podocytes crossing the G1/S checkpoint and undergoing abortive cytokinesis. In this study, we identified Pfn1 as indispensable in maintaining glomerular integrity - its tissue-specific loss in mouse podocytes resulted in severe proteinuria and kidney failure. Our results suggest that this phenotype is due to podocyte mitotic catastrophe (MC), characterized histologically and ultrastructurally by abundant multinucleated cells, irregular nuclei, and mitotic spindles. Podocyte cell cycle reentry was identified using FUCCI2aR mice, and we observed altered expression of cell-cycle associated proteins, such as p21, p53, cyclin B1, and cyclin D1. Podocyte-specific translating ribosome affinity purification and RNA-Seq revealed the downregulation of ribosomal RNA-processing 8 (Rrp8). Overexpression of Rrp8 in Pfn1-KO podocytes partially rescued the phenotype in vitro. Clinical and ultrastructural tomographic analysis of patients with diverse proteinuric kidney diseases further validated the presence of MC podocytes and reduction in podocyte PFN1 expression within kidney tissues. These results suggest that profilin1 is essential in regulating the podocyte cell cycle and its disruption leads to MC and subsequent podocyte loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Tian
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christopher E. Pedigo
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaotao Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Patricia Bunda
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - John Pell
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jianlei Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Bioinformation Department, Suzhou SITRI Institute of Immunology Co. Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Paulina X. Medina Rangel
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eike Schwartze
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Soichiro Nagata
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gabriel Lerner
- Departments of Surgical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sudhir Perincheri
- Departments of Surgical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anupama Priyadarshini
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Madhav C. Menon
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rongguo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuta Ishibe
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Leveraging diverse cell-death patterns to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer patients after surgery. Int J Surg 2022; 107:106936. [PMID: 36341760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative progression and chemotherapy resistance is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Currently, there is a lack of an ideal predictive model for the progression and drug sensitivity of postoperative TNBC patients. Diverse programmed cell death (PCD) patterns play an important role in tumor progression, which has the potential to be a prognostic and drug sensitivity indicator for TNBC after surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve PCD patterns (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, entotic cell death, netotic cell death, parthanatos, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, alkaliptosis, and oxeiptosis) were analyzed for model construction. Bulk transcriptome, single-cell transcriptome, genomics, and clinical information were collected from TCGA-BRCA, METABRIC, GSE58812, GSE21653, GSE176078, GSE75688, and KM-plotter cohorts to validate the model. RESULTS The machine learning algorithm established a cell death index (CDI) with a 12-gene signature. Validated in five independent datasets, TNBC patients with high CDI had a worse prognosis after surgery. Two molecular subtypes of TNBC with distinct vital biological processes were identified by an unsupervised clustering model. A nomogram with high predictive performance was constructed by incorporating CDI with clinical features. Furthermore, CDI was associated with immune checkpoint genes and key tumor microenvironment components by integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell transcriptome. TNBC patients with high CDI are resistant to standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens (docetaxel, oxaliplatin, etc.); however, they might be sensitive to palbociclib (an FDA-approved drug for luminal breast cancer). CONCLUSION Generally, we established a novel CDI model by comprehensively analyzing diverse cell death patterns, which can accurately predict clinical prognosis and drug sensitivity of TNBC after surgery. A user-friendly website was created to facilitate the application of this prediction model (https://tnbc.shinyapps.io/CDI_Model/).
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10
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Wagner A, Schosserer M. The epitranscriptome in ageing and stress resistance: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101700. [PMID: 35908668 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Modifications of RNA, collectively called the "epitranscriptome", might provide novel biomarkers and innovative targets for interventions in geroscience but are just beginning to be studied in the context of ageing and stress resistance. RNA modifications modulate gene expression by affecting translation initiation and speed, miRNA binding, RNA stability, and RNA degradation. Nonetheless, the precise underlying molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of most alterations of the epitranscriptome are still only poorly understood. We here systematically review different types of modifications of rRNA, tRNA and mRNA, the methodology to analyze them, current challenges in the field, and human disease associations. Furthermore, we compiled evidence for a connection between individual enzymes, which install RNA modifications, and lifespan in yeast, worm and fly. We also included resistance to different stressors and competitive fitness as search criteria for genes potentially relevant to ageing. Promising candidates identified by this approach include RCM1/NSUN5, RRP8, and F33A8.4/ZCCHC4 that introduce base methylations in rRNA, the methyltransferases DNMT2 and TRM9/ALKBH8, as well as factors involved in the thiolation or A to I editing in tRNA, and finally the m6A machinery for mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Wang D, Hao X, Jia L, Jing Y, Jiang B, Xin S. Cellular senescence and abdominal aortic aneurysm: From pathogenesis to therapeutics. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:999465. [PMID: 36187019 PMCID: PMC9515360 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.999465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As China’s population enters the aging stage, the threat of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) mainly in elderly patients is becoming more and more serious. It is of great clinical significance to study the pathogenesis of AAA and explore potential therapeutic targets. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pathogenesis of AAA from the perspective of cellular senescence: on the basis of clear evidence of cellular senescence in aneurysm wall, we actively elucidate specific molecular and regulatory pathways, and to explore the targeted drugs related to senescence and senescent cells eliminate measures, eventually improve the health of patients with AAA and prolong the life of human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyu Hao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Longyuan Jia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuchen Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijie Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Shijie Xin,
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12
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Hornofova T, Pokorna B, Hubackova SS, Uvizl A, Kosla J, Bartek J, Hodny Z, Vasicova P. Phospho-SIM and exon8b of PML protein regulate formation of doxorubicin-induced rDNA-PML compartment. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 114:103319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Kasselimi E, Pefani DE, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z. Ribosomal DNA and the nucleolus at the heart of aging. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:328-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Li Y, Gong H, Wang P, Zhu Y, Peng H, Cui Y, Li H, Liu J, Wang Z. The emerging role of ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes in cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:346. [PMID: 34736517 PMCID: PMC8567610 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Disordered chromatin remodeling regulation has emerged as an essential driving factor for cancers. Imitation switch (ISWI) family are evolutionarily conserved ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which are essential for cellular survival and function through multiple genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Omics sequencing and a growing number of basic and clinical studies found that ISWI family members displayed widespread gene expression and genetic status abnormalities in human cancer. Their aberrant expression is closely linked to patient outcome and drug response. Functional or componential alteration in ISWI-containing complexes is critical for tumor initiation and development. Furthermore, ISWI-non-coding RNA regulatory networks and some non-coding RNAs derived from exons of ISWI member genes play important roles in tumor progression. Therefore, unveiling the transcriptional regulation mechanism underlying ISWI family sparked a booming interest in finding ISWI-based therapies in cancer. This review aims at describing the current state-of-the-art in the role of ISWI subunits and complexes in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, immunity and drug response, and presenting deep insight into the physiological and pathological implications of the ISWI transcription machinery in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Han Gong
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yajuan Cui
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Molecular Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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15
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Antagonising Chromatin Remodelling Activities in the Regulation of Mammalian Ribosomal Transcription. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070961. [PMID: 34202617 PMCID: PMC8303148 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal transcription constitutes the major energy consuming process in cells and is regulated in response to proliferation, differentiation and metabolic conditions by several signalling pathways. These act on the transcription machinery but also on chromatin factors and ncRNA. The many ribosomal gene repeats are organised in a number of different chromatin states; active, poised, pseudosilent and repressed gene repeats. Some of these chromatin states are unique to the 47rRNA gene repeat and do not occur at other locations in the genome, such as the active state organised with the HMG protein UBF whereas other chromatin state are nucleosomal, harbouring both active and inactive histone marks. The number of repeats in a certain state varies on developmental stage and cell type; embryonic cells have more rRNA gene repeats organised in an open chromatin state, which is replaced by heterochromatin during differentiation, establishing different states depending on cell type. The 47S rRNA gene transcription is regulated in different ways depending on stimulus and chromatin state of individual gene repeats. This review will discuss the present knowledge about factors involved, such as chromatin remodelling factors NuRD, NoRC, CSB, B-WICH, histone modifying enzymes and histone chaperones, in altering gene expression and switching chromatin states in proliferation, differentiation, metabolic changes and stress responses.
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16
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Mao X, Chen S, Li G. Identification of a ten-long noncoding RNA signature for predicting the survival and immune status of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma based on the GEO database: a superior machine learning model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6957-6981. [PMID: 33621953 PMCID: PMC7993680 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is recognized to be immunogenic and tumorigenic. This study identified a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature for predicting survival for patients with BLCA. A univariate Cox regression model and the random survival forest-variable hunting (RSF-VH) algorithm were employed to achieve variable selection. Ten lncRNAs (LOC105375787, CYTOR, URB1-AS1, C21orf91-OT1, CASC15, LOC101928433, FLJ45139, LINC00960, HOTAIR and TTTY19) with the highest prognostic values were identified to establish the prognostic model. The nomogram integrating the signature and clinical factors showed high concordance index values of 0.94, 0.7 and 0.90 in the three datasets, and the calibration curves showed concordance between the predicted and observed 3- and 5-year survival rates. The risk score based on the 10-lncRNA signature accurately distinguished high- and low-risk BLCA patients with different disease-specific survival(DSS) or overall survival(OS) outcomes, which were stratified according to clinical factors, including T stage and tumour grade. Gene set enrichment analysis identified BLCA-specific biological pathways and enriched functional categories, such as the cell cycle, DNA repair and immune system. Furthermore, the increased infiltration of immune cells in the high-risk group indicated that lncRNA-related inflammation may reduce the survival of BLCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- XuDong Mao
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - ShiHan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - GongHui Li
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Cavinato M, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Büttner S, Schosserer M, Zwerschke W, Wedel S, Grillari J, Graier WF, Jansen-Dürr P. Targeting cellular senescence based on interorganelle communication, multilevel proteostasis, and metabolic control. FEBS J 2020; 288:3834-3854. [PMID: 33200494 PMCID: PMC7611050 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a stable cell division arrest caused by severe damage and stress, is a hallmark of aging in vertebrates including humans. With progressing age, senescent cells accumulate in a variety of mammalian tissues, where they contribute to tissue aging, identifying cellular senescence as a major target to delay or prevent aging. There is an increasing demand for the discovery of new classes of small molecules that would either avoid or postpone cellular senescence by selectively eliminating senescent cells from the body (i.e., ‘senolytics’) or inactivating/switching damage‐inducing properties of senescent cells (i.e., ‘senostatics/senomorphics’), such as the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. Whereas compounds with senolytic or senostatic activity have already been described, their efficacy and specificity has not been fully established for clinical use yet. Here, we review mechanisms of senescence that are related to mitochondria and their interorganelle communication, and the involvement of proteostasis networks and metabolic control in the senescent phenotype. These cellular functions are associated with cellular senescence in in vitro and in vivo models but have not been fully exploited for the search of new compounds to counteract senescence yet. Therefore, we explore possibilities to target these mechanisms as new opportunities to selectively eliminate and/or disable senescent cells with the aim of tissue rejuvenation. We assume that this research will provide new compounds from the chemical space which act as mimetics of caloric restriction, modulators of calcium signaling and mitochondrial physiology, or as proteostasis optimizers, bearing the potential to counteract cellular senescence, thereby allowing healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cavinato
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland.,Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Büttner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Austria.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sophia Wedel
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Analytical Imaging of Aging and Senescence, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed Graz, Austria
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Zhang W, Cheng W, Parlato R, Guo X, Cui X, Dai C, Xu L, Zhu J, Zhu M, Luo K, Zhang W, Dong B, Wang J, Jiang F. Nucleolar stress induces a senescence-like phenotype in smooth muscle cells and promotes development of vascular degeneration. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22174-22198. [PMID: 33146634 PMCID: PMC7695416 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Senescence of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a disease of vascular degeneration. Perturbation of cellular ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription triggers nucleolar stress response. Previously we demonstrated that induction of nucleolar stress in SMCs elicited cell cycle arrest via the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/ATM- and Rad3-related (ATR)-p53 axis. However, the specific roles of nucleolar stress in vascular degeneration remain unexplored. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that in both human and animal AAA tissues, there were non-coordinated changes in the expression of RNA polymerase I machinery components, including a downregulation of transcription initiation factor-IA (TIF-IA). Genetic deletion of TIF-IA in SMCs in mice (smTIF-IA-/-) caused spontaneous aneurysm-like lesions in the aorta. In vitro, induction of nucleolar stress triggered a non-canonical DNA damage response, leading to p53 phosphorylation and a senescence-like phenotype in SMCs. In human AAA tissues, there was increased nucleolar stress in medial cells, accompanied by localized DNA damage response within the nucleolar compartment. Our data suggest that perturbed rDNA transcription and induction of nucleolar stress contribute to the pathogenesis of AAA. Moreover, smTIF-IA-/- mice may be a novel animal model for studying spontaneous AAA-like vascular degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rosanna Parlato
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaopei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chaochao Dai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiankang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kun Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Current address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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19
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Rolicka A, Guo Y, Gañez Zapater A, Tariq K, Quin J, Vintermist A, Sadeghifar F, Arsenian-Henriksson M, Östlund Farrants AK. The chromatin-remodeling complexes B-WICH and NuRD regulate ribosomal transcription in response to glucose. FASEB J 2020; 34:10818-10834. [PMID: 32598531 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000411r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of ribosomal transcription is under tight control from environmental stimuli, and this control involves changes in the chromatin structure. The underlying mechanism of how chromatin changes in response to nutrient and energy supply in the cell is still unclear. The chromatin-remodeling complex B-WICH is involved in activating the ribosomal transcription, and we show here that knock down of the B-WICH component WSTF results in cells that do not respond to glucose. The promoter is less accessible, and RNA pol I and its transcription factors SL1/TIF-1B and RRN3/TIF-1A, as well as the proto-oncogene c-MYC and the activating deacetylase SIRT7 do not bind upon glucose stimulation. In contrast, the repressive chromatin state that forms after glucose deprivation is reversible, and RNA pol I factors are recruited. WSTF knock down results in an accumulation of the ATPase CHD4, a component of the NuRD chromatin remodeling complex, which is responsible for establishing a repressive poised state at the promoter. The TTF-1, which binds and affect the binding of the chromatin complexes, is important to control the association of activating chromatin component UBF. We suggest that B-WICH is required to allow for a shift to an active chromatin state upon environmental stimulation, by counteracting the repressive state induced by the NuRD complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rolicka
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antoni Gañez Zapater
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kanwal Tariq
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaclyn Quin
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Vintermist
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghifar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Arsenian-Henriksson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum B7, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Kristin Östlund Farrants
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Lab F4, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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MeCP2 facilitates breast cancer growth via promoting ubiquitination-mediated P53 degradation by inhibiting RPL5/RPL11 transcription. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:56. [PMID: 32483207 PMCID: PMC7264296 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) facilitates the carcinogenesis and progression of several types of cancer. However, its role in breast cancer and the relevant molecular mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data that MeCP2 expression was significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissues, and high MeCP2 expression was correlated with poor overall survival. Knockdown of MeCP2 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and G1–S cell cycle transition and migration as well as induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, MeCP2 knockdown suppressed cancer cell growth in vivo. Investigation of the molecular mechanism showed that MeCP2 repressed RPL11 and RPL5 transcription by binding to their promoter regions. TCGA data revealed significantly lower RPL11 and RPL5 expression in breast cancer tissues; additionally, overexpression of RPL11/RPL5 significantly suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation and G1–S cell cycle transition and induced apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, RPL11 and RPL5 suppressed ubiquitination-mediated P53 degradation through direct binding to MDM2. This study demonstrates that MeCP2 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through suppressing RPL11 and RPL5 transcription by binding to their promoter regions.
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21
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Ren X, Hu B, Song M, Ding Z, Dang Y, Liu Z, Zhang W, Ji Q, Ren R, Ding J, Chan P, Jiang C, Ye K, Qu J, Tang F, Liu GH. Maintenance of Nucleolar Homeostasis by CBX4 Alleviates Senescence and Osteoarthritis. Cell Rep 2020; 26:3643-3656.e7. [PMID: 30917318 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CBX4, a component of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), plays important roles in the maintenance of cell identity and organ development through gene silencing. However, whether CBX4 regulates human stem cell homeostasis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that CBX4 counteracts human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) aging via the maintenance of nucleolar homeostasis. CBX4 protein is downregulated in aged hMSCs, whereas CBX4 knockout in hMSCs results in destabilized nucleolar heterochromatin, enhanced ribosome biogenesis, increased protein translation, and accelerated cellular senescence. CBX4 maintains nucleolar homeostasis by recruiting nucleolar protein fibrillarin (FBL) and heterochromatin protein KRAB-associated protein 1 (KAP1) at nucleolar rDNA, limiting the excessive expression of rRNAs. Overexpression of CBX4 alleviates physiological hMSC aging and attenuates the development of osteoarthritis in mice. Altogether, our findings reveal a critical role of CBX4 in counteracting cellular senescence by maintaining nucleolar homeostasis, providing a potential therapeutic target for aging-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boqiang Hu
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhichao Ding
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujiao Dang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qianzhao Ji
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruotong Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianjian Ding
- Army Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Oral Disease, 306th Hospital of the PLA, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Keqiong Ye
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China; Biomedical Institute for Pioneering Investigation via Convergence, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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22
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Vernot JP. Senescence-Associated Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Tumor Cell Plasticity. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:63. [PMID: 32478091 PMCID: PMC7237636 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The well-recognized cell phenotypic heterogeneity in tumors is a great challenge for cancer treatment. Dynamic interconversion and movement within a spectrum of different cell phenotypes (cellular plasticity) with the acquisition of specific cell functions is a fascinating biological puzzle, that represent an additional difficulty for cancer treatment and novel therapies development. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for moving or stabilizing tumor cells within this spectrum of variable states constitutes a valuable tool to overcome these challenges. In particular, cell transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes (EMT-MET) and de-and trans-differentiation processes are relevant, since it has been shown that they confer invasiveness, drug resistance, and metastatic ability, due to the simultaneous acquisition of stem-like cell properties. Multiple drivers participate in these cell conversions events. In particular, cellular senescence and senescence-associated soluble factors have been shown to unveil stem-like cell properties and cell plasticity. By modulating gradually the composition of their secretome and the time of exposure, senescent cells may have differential effect not only on tumor cells but also on surrounding cells. Intriguingly, tumor cells that scape from senescence acquire stem-like cell properties and aggressiveness. The reinforcement of senescence and inflammation by soluble factors and the participation of immune cells may provide a dynamic milieu having varied effects on cell transitions, reprogramming, plasticity, stemness and therefore heterogeneity. This will confer different epithelial/mesenchymal traits (hybrid phenotype) and stem-like cell properties, combinations of which, in a particular cell context, could be responsible for different cellular functions during cancer progression (survival, migration, invasion, colonization or proliferation). Additionally, cooperative behavior between cell subpopulations with different phenotypes/stemness functions could also modulate their cellular plasticity. Here, we will discuss the role of senescence and senescence-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines on the induction of cellular plasticity, their effect role in establishing particular states within this spectrum of cell phenotypes and how this is accompanied by stem-like cell properties that, as the epithelial transitions, may also have a continuum of characteristics providing tumor cells with functional adaptability specifically useful in the different stages of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Vernot
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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23
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Bajbouj K, Shafarin J, Taneera J, Hamad M. Estrogen Signaling Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Autophagy and Senescence in Breast Cancer Cells. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E68. [PMID: 32244623 PMCID: PMC7235898 DOI: 10.3390/biology9040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that although estrogen (E2) disrupts cellular iron metabolism and induces oxidative stress in breast and ovarian cancer cells, it fails to induce apoptosis. However, E2 treatment was reported to enhance the apoptotic effects of doxorubicin in cancer cells. This suggests that E2 can precipitate anti-growth effects that render cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy. To investigate such anti-growth non-apoptotic, effects of E2 in cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were evaluated for the expression of key autophagy and senescence markers and for mitochondrial damage following E2 treatment. Treated cells experienced mitochondrial membrane depolarization along with increased expression of LC3-I/II, Pink1 and LAMP2, increased LC3-II accumulation and increased lysosomal and mitochondrial accumulation and flattening. E2-treated MCF-7 cells also showed reduced P53 and pRb780 expression and increased Rb and P21 expression. Increased expression of the autophagy markers ATG3 and Beclin1 along with increased levels of β-galactosidase activity and IL-6 production were evident in E2-treated MCF-7 cells. These findings suggest that E2 precipitates a form of mitochondrial damage that leads to cell senescence and autophagy in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuloud Bajbouj
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (K.B.); (J.S.); (J.T.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Jasmin Shafarin
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (K.B.); (J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (K.B.); (J.S.); (J.T.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (K.B.); (J.S.); (J.T.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
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24
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Bevill SM, Olivares-Quintero JF, Sciaky N, Golitz BT, Singh D, Beltran AS, Rashid NU, Stuhlmiller TJ, Hale A, Moorman NJ, Santos CM, Angus SP, Zawistowski JS, Johnson GL. GSK2801, a BAZ2/BRD9 Bromodomain Inhibitor, Synergizes with BET Inhibitors to Induce Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1503-1518. [PMID: 31000582 PMCID: PMC6610760 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Screening of an inhibitor library targeting kinases and epigenetic regulators identified several molecules having antiproliferative synergy with extraterminal domain (BET) bromodomain (BD) inhibitors (JQ1, OTX015) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). GSK2801, an inhibitor of BAZ2A/B BDs, of the imitation switch chromatin remodeling complexes, and BRD9, of the SWI/SNF complex, demonstrated synergy independent of BRD4 control of P-TEFb-mediated pause-release of RNA polymerase II. GSK2801 or RNAi knockdown of BAZ2A/B with JQ1 selectively displaced BRD2 at promoters/enhancers of ETS-regulated genes. Additional displacement of BRD2 from rDNA in the nucleolus coincided with decreased 45S rRNA, revealing a function of BRD2 in regulating RNA polymerase I transcription. In 2D cultures, enhanced displacement of BRD2 from chromatin by combination drug treatment induced senescence. In spheroid cultures, combination treatment induced cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP characteristic of apoptosis in tumor cells. Thus, GSK2801 blocks BRD2-driven transcription in combination with BET inhibitor and induces apoptosis of TNBC. IMPLICATIONS: Synergistic inhibition of BDs encoded in BAZ2A/B, BRD9, and BET proteins induces apoptosis of TNBC by a combinatorial suppression of ribosomal DNA transcription and ETS-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Bevill
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jose F Olivares-Quintero
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Noah Sciaky
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brian T Golitz
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Darshan Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Adriana S Beltran
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Naim U Rashid
- Department of Biostatistics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Timothy J Stuhlmiller
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew Hale
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nathaniel J Moorman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charlene M Santos
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Steven P Angus
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jon S Zawistowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gary L Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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25
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Michel J, Nolin F, Wortham L, Lalun N, Tchelidze P, Banchet V, Terryn C, Ploton D. Various Nucleolar Stress Inducers Result in Highly Distinct Changes in Water, Dry Mass and Elemental Content in Cancerous Cell Compartments: Investigation Using a Nano-Analytical Approach. Nanotheranostics 2019; 3:179-195. [PMID: 31183313 PMCID: PMC6536780 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.31878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Numerous chemotherapeutic drugs that affect ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus induce nucleolar stress. Improving our understanding of the effects of these drugs will require uncovering and comparing their impact on several biophysical parameters of the major cell compartments. Here, we quantified the water content and dry mass of cancerous cells treated with CX-5461, DRB or DAM to calculate macromolecular crowding and the volume occupied by free water, as well as elemental content. Methods: HeLa-H2B-GFP cells were treated with CX-5461, DRB or DAM. Water content and dry mass were measured in numerous regions of interest of ultrathin cryo-sections by quantitative scanning transmission electron microscope dark-field imaging and the elements quantified by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The data were used to calculate macromolecular crowding and the volume occupied by free water in all cell compartments of control and treated cells. Hydrophobic and unfolded proteins were revealed by 8-Anilinonaphtalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS) staining and imaging by two-photon microscopy. Immunolabeling of UBF, pNBS1 and pNF-κB was carried out and the images acquired with a confocal microscope for 3D imaging to address whether the localization of these proteins changes in treated cells. Results: Treatment with CX-5461, DRB or DAM induced completely different changes in macromolecular crowding and elemental content. Macromolecular crowding and elemental content were much higher in CX-5461-treated, moderately higher in DRB-treated, and much lower in DAM-treated cells than control cells. None of the drugs alone induced nucleolar ANS staining but it was induced by heat-shock of control cells and cells previously treated with DAM. UBF and pNBS1 were systematically co-localized in the nucleolus of CX-5461- and DAM-treated cells. pNF-κB only localized to the nucleolar caps of pre-apoptotic DAM-treated cells. Conclusion: We directly quantified water and ion content in cell compartments using cryo-correlative electron microscopy. We show that different chemotherapeutic nucleolar stress inducers result in distinctive, thus far-unrecognized changes in macromolecular crowding and elemental content which are known to modify cell metabolism. Moreover we were able to correlate these changes to the sensitivity of treated cells to heat-shock and the behavior of nucleolar pNBS1 and pNF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Michel
- UMR-S 1250 INSERM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | | | - Laurence Wortham
- Platform of Cell and Tissue Imaging (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | - Nathalie Lalun
- UMR-S 1250 INSERM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
| | - Pavel Tchelidze
- Faculty of Exact and Life Sciences, Department of Morphology, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Christine Terryn
- Platform of Cell and Tissue Imaging (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne
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26
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Bi X, Ye Q, Li D, Peng Q, Wang Z, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Jiang F. Inhibition of nucleolar stress response by Sirt1: A potential mechanism of acetylation-independent regulation of p53 accumulation. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12900. [PMID: 30623565 PMCID: PMC6413664 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Sirt1 deacetylase is generally thought to be a nuclear protein, but some pilot studies have suggested that Sirt1 may also be involved in orchestrating nucleolar functions. Here, we show that nucleolar stress response is a ubiquitous cellular reaction that can be induced by different types of stress conditions, and Sirt1 is an endogenous suppressor of nucleolar stress response. Using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture approach, we have identified a physical interaction of between Sirt1 and the nucleolar protein nucleophosmin, and this protein-protein interaction appears to be necessary for Sirt1 inhibition on nucleolar stress, whereas the deacetylase activity of Sirt1 is not strictly required. Based on the reported prerequisite role of nucleolar stress response in stress-induced p53 protein accumulation, we have also provided evidence suggesting that Sirt1-mediated inhibition on nucleolar stress response may represent a novel mechanism by which Sirt1 can modulate intracellular p53 accumulation independent of lysine deacetylation. This process may represent an alternative mechanism by which Sirt1 regulates functions of the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Bi
- School of Basic MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Present address:
Department of CardiologyQingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Qing Ye
- School of Basic MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Daoyuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research CenterShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Qisheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis ResearchJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina
| | - Zhe Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismShandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Qunye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Fan Jiang
- School of Basic MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function ResearchChinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
- The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of CardiologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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27
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Talukdar S, Bhoopathi P, Emdad L, Das S, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Dormancy and cancer stem cells: An enigma for cancer therapeutic targeting. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 141:43-84. [PMID: 30691685 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dormancy occurs when cells remain viable but stop proliferating. When most of a cancer population undergoes this phenomenon, the result is called tumor dormancy, and when a single cancer cell undergoes this process, it is termed quiescence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) share several overlapping characteristics and signaling pathways with dormant cancer cells, including therapy resistance, and an ability to metastasize and evade the immune system. Cancer cells can be broadly grouped into dormancy-competent CSCs (DCCs), cancer-repopulating cells (CRCs), dormancy-incompetent CSCs and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). The settings in which cancer cells exploit the dormancy phase to survive and adapt are: (i) primary cancer dormancy; (ii) metastatic dormancy; (iii) therapy-induced dormancy; and (iv) immunologic dormancy. Dormancy, therapy resistance and plasticity of CSCs are fundamentally interconnected processes mediated through mechanisms involving reversible genetic alterations. Niches including metastatic, bone marrow, and perivascular are known to harbor dormant cancer cells. Mechanisms of dormancy induction are complex and multi-factorial and can involve angiogenic switching, addictive oncogene inhibition, immunoediting, anoikis, therapy, autophagy, senescence, epigenetic, and biophysical regulation. Therapy can have opposing effects on cancer cells with respect to dormancy; some therapies can induce dormancy, while others can reactivate dormant cells. There is a lack of consensus relative to the value of therapy-induced dormancy, i.e., some researchers view dormancy induction as a beneficial strategy as it can lead to metastasis inhibition, while others argue that reactivating dormant cancer cells and then eliminating them through therapy are a better approach. More focused investigations of intrinsic cell kinetics and environmental dynamics that promote and maintain cancer cells in a dormant state, and the long-term consequences of dormancy are critical for improving current therapeutic treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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28
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Kim YY, Um JH, Yun J. A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30148482 DOI: 10.3791/57890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence has been considered a state of irreversible growth arrest upon exhaustion of proliferative capacity or exposure to various stresses. Recent studies have extended the role of cellular senescence to various physiological processes, including development, wound healing, immune surveillance, and age-related tissue dysfunction. Although cell cycle arrest is a critical hallmark of cellular senescence, an increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has also been demonstrated to play an important role in the induction of cellular senescence. In addition, recent studies revealed that senescent cells exhibit potent paracrine activities on neighboring cells and tissues through a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The sharp increase in interest regarding therapeutic strategies against cellular senescence emphasizes the need for a precise understanding of senescence mechanisms, including intracellular ROS and the SASP. Here, we describe protocols for quantitatively assessing intracellular ROS levels during H-Ras-induced cellular senescence using ROS-sensitive fluorescent dye and flow cytometry. In addition, we introduce sensitive techniques for the analysis of the induction of mRNA expression and secretion of SASP factors. These protocols can be applied to various cellular senescence models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University; Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University; Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University; Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University;
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29
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Fernández-Ponce C, Durán-Ruiz MC, Narbona-Sánchez I, Muñoz-Miranda JP, Arbulo-Echevarria MM, Serna-Sanz A, Baumann C, Litrán R, Aguado E, Bloch W, García-Cozar F. Ultrastructural Localization and Molecular Associations of HCV Capsid Protein in Jurkat T Cells. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2595. [PMID: 29354102 PMCID: PMC5758585 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus core protein is a highly basic viral protein that multimerizes with itself to form the viral capsid. When expressed in CD4+ T lymphocytes, it can induce modifications in several essential cellular and biological networks. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying the alterations caused by the viral protein, we have analyzed HCV-core subcellular localization and its associations with host proteins in Jurkat T cells. In order to investigate the intracellular localization of Hepatitis C virus core protein, we have used a lentiviral system to transduce Jurkat T cells and subsequently localize the protein using immunoelectron microscopy techniques. We found that in Jurkat T cells, Hepatitis C virus core protein mostly localizes in the nucleus and specifically in the nucleolus. In addition, we performed pull-down assays combined with Mass Spectrometry Analysis, to identify proteins that associate with Hepatitis C virus core in Jurkat T cells. We found proteins such as NOLC1, PP1γ, ILF3, and C1QBP implicated in localization and/or traffic to the nucleolus. HCV-core associated proteins are implicated in RNA processing and RNA virus infection as well as in functions previously shown to be altered in Hepatitis C virus core expressing CD4+ T cells, such as cell cycle delay, decreased proliferation, and induction of a regulatory phenotype. Thus, in the current work, we show the ultrastructural localization of Hepatitis C virus core and the first profile of HCV core associated proteins in T cells, and we discuss the functions and interconnections of these proteins in molecular networks where relevant biological modifications have been described upon the expression of Hepatitis C virus core protein. Thereby, the current work constitutes a necessary step toward understanding the mechanisms underlying HCV core mediated alterations that had been described in relevant biological processes in CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Fernández-Ponce
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Maria C Durán-Ruiz
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Isaac Narbona-Sánchez
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Juan P Muñoz-Miranda
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mikel M Arbulo-Echevarria
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocío Litrán
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Enrique Aguado
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francisco García-Cozar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz and Institute of Biomedical Research Cádiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
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30
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Abstract
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine composed of numerous distinct proteins and nucleic acids and is responsible for protein synthesis in every living cell. Ribosome biogenesis is one of the most multifaceted and energy- demanding processes in biology, involving a large number of assembly and maturation factors, the functions of which are orchestrated by multiple cellular inputs, including mitogenic signals and nutrient availability. Although causal associations between inherited mutations affecting ribosome biogenesis and elevated cancer risk have been established over the past decade, mechanistic data have emerged suggesting a broader role for dysregulated ribosome biogenesis in the development and progression of most spontaneous cancers. In this Opinion article, we highlight the most recent findings that provide new insights into the molecular basis of ribosome biogenesis in cancer and offer our perspective on how these observations present opportunities for the design of new targeted cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joffrey Pelletier
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - George Thomas
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; at the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA; and at the Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Physiological Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Universitari de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), University of Barcelona, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Siniša Volarević
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; and at the Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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31
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Turi Z, Senkyrikova M, Mistrik M, Bartek J, Moudry P. Perturbation of RNA Polymerase I transcription machinery by ablation of HEATR1 triggers the RPL5/RPL11-MDM2-p53 ribosome biogenesis stress checkpoint pathway in human cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 17:92-101. [PMID: 29143558 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1403685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribosome biogenesis is an energy consuming process which takes place mainly in the nucleolus. By producing ribosomes to fuel protein synthesis, it is tightly connected with cell growth and cell cycle control. Perturbation of ribosome biogenesis leads to the activation of p53 tumor suppressor protein promoting processes like cell cycle arrest, apoptosis or senescence. This ribosome biogenesis stress pathway activates p53 through sequestration of MDM2 by a subset of ribosomal proteins (RPs), thereby stabilizing p53. Here, we identify human HEATR1, as a nucleolar protein which positively regulates ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. Downregulation of HEATR1 resulted in cell cycle arrest in a manner dependent on p53. Moreover, depletion of HEATR1 also caused disruption of nucleolar structure and activated the ribosomal biogenesis stress pathway - RPL5 / RPL11 dependent stabilization and activation of p53. These findings reveal an important role for HEATR1 in ribosome biogenesis and further support the concept that perturbation of ribosome biosynthesis results in p53-dependent cell cycle checkpoint activation, with implications for human pathologies including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Turi
- a Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , 779 00 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Senkyrikova
- a Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , 779 00 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mistrik
- a Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , 779 00 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Bartek
- a Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , 779 00 Olomouc , Czech Republic.,b Genome Integrity Unit , Danish Cancer Society Research Center , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark.,c Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics , Division of Genome Biology , Science for Life Laboratory , Karolinska Institute , 171 65 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Pavel Moudry
- a Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine , Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , Palacky University , 779 00 Olomouc , Czech Republic
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32
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Schosserer M, Grillari J, Breitenbach M. The Dual Role of Cellular Senescence in Developing Tumors and Their Response to Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2017; 7:278. [PMID: 29218300 PMCID: PMC5703792 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence describes an irreversible growth arrest characterized by distinct morphology, gene expression pattern, and secretory phenotype. The final or intermediate stages of senescence can be reached by different genetic mechanisms and in answer to different external and internal stresses. It has been maintained in the literature but never proven by clearcut experiments that the induction of senescence serves the evolutionary purpose of protecting the individual from development and growth of cancers. This hypothesis was recently scrutinized by new experiments and found to be partly true, but part of the gene activities now known to happen in senescence are also needed for cancer growth, leading to the view that senescence is a double-edged sword in cancer development. In current cancer therapy, cellular senescence is, on the one hand, intended to occur in tumor cells, as thereby the therapeutic outcome is improved, but might, on the other hand, also be induced unintentionally in non-tumor cells, causing inflammation, secondary tumors, and cancer relapse. Importantly, organismic aging leads to accumulation of senescent cells in tissues and organs of aged individuals. Senescent cells can occur transiently, e.g., during embryogenesis or during wound healing, with beneficial effects on tissue homeostasis and regeneration or accumulate chronically in tissues, which detrimentally affects the microenvironment by de- or transdifferentiation of senescent cells and their neighboring stromal cells, loss of tissue specific functionality, and induction of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, an increased secretory profile consisting of pro-inflammatory and tissue remodeling factors. These factors shape their surroundings toward a pro-carcinogenic microenvironment, which fuels the development of aging-associated cancers together with the accumulation of mutations over time. We are presenting an overview of well-documented stress situations and signals, which induce senescence. Among them, oncogene-induced senescence and stress-induced premature senescence are prominent. New findings about the role of senescence in tumor biology are critically reviewed with respect to new suggestions for cancer therapy leveraging genetic and pharmacological methods to prevent senescence or to selectively kill senescent cells in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schosserer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria.,Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Breitenbach
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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33
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Tumor cell senescence response produces aggressive variants. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17049. [PMID: 28845296 PMCID: PMC5563524 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors often respond favorably to initial chemotherapy but eventually relapse with drug resistance and increased metastatic potential. Cellular senescence is a major therapeutic outcome of cancer chemotherapy, which leads to tumor stasis or regression through immune clearance of senescent cells. However, senescent tumor cells have been shown to resume proliferation at low frequency. We found that subjecting arrested senescent tumor cells to cytotoxic treatments stimulates the clonogenic proliferation of remaining survivors. The senescence revertants showed a reduced rate of proliferation but increased migration and invasion potential in vitro, and increased tumorigenic potential in vivo. Gene expression profiling showed that the senescence revertants are distinct from both parental and senescent cells. A subset of senescence-activated genes remains active in the revertants. These genes are implicated in regulating cell motility, invasion, and metastasis, which may collectively contribute to the aggressiveness of the revertants. The findings suggest that although therapy-induced senescence has short-term benefits, the response also causes reprogramming of gene expression and activates invasion-related genes that accelerate tumor progression.
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34
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Dillinger S, Straub T, Németh A. Nucleolus association of chromosomal domains is largely maintained in cellular senescence despite massive nuclear reorganisation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178821. [PMID: 28575119 PMCID: PMC5456395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian chromosomes are organized in structural and functional domains of 0.1–10 Mb, which are characterized by high self-association frequencies in the nuclear space and different contact probabilities with nuclear sub-compartments. They exhibit distinct chromatin modification patterns, gene expression levels and replication timing. Recently, nucleolus-associated chromosomal domains (NADs) have been discovered, yet their precise genomic organization and dynamics are still largely unknown. Here, we use nucleolus genomics and single-cell experiments to address these questions in human embryonic fibroblasts during replicative senescence. Genome-wide mapping reveals 1,646 NADs in proliferating cells, which cover about 38% of the annotated human genome. They are mainly heterochromatic and correlate with late replicating loci. Using Hi-C data analysis, we show that interactions of NADs dominate interphase chromosome contacts in the 10–50 Mb distance range. Interestingly, only minute changes in nucleolar association are observed upon senescence. These spatial rearrangements in subdomains smaller than 100 kb are accompanied with local transcriptional changes. In contrast, large centromeric and pericentromeric satellite repeat clusters extensively dissociate from nucleoli in senescent cells. Accordingly, H3K9me3-marked heterochromatin gets remodelled at the perinucleolar space as revealed by immunofluorescence analyses. Collectively, this study identifies connections between the nucleolus, 3D genome structure, and cellular aging at the level of interphase chromosome organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dillinger
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Straub
- Biomedical Center, Bioinformatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Németh
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail: ,
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35
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Coudre C, Alani J, Ritchie W, Marsaud V, Sola B, Cahu J. HIF-1α and rapamycin act as gerosuppressant in multiple myeloma cells upon genotoxic stress. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2174-2182. [PMID: 27340936 PMCID: PMC4993538 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1196302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable hematological malignancy. Despite recent progress due to new anti-myeloma agents, the pathology is characterized by a high frequency of de novo or acquired resistance. Delineating the mechanisms of MM resistance is essential for therapeutic advances. We previously showed that long-term genotoxic stress induces the establishment of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, a pro-inflammatory response that favors the emergence of cells with cancer stem-like properties. Here, we studied the short-term response of MM cells following treatment with various DNA damaging agents such as the energetic C-ion irradiation. MM cells are highly resistant to all treatments and do not enter apoptosis after they arrest cycling at the G2 phase. Although the DNA damage response pathway was activated, DNA breaks remained chronically in damaged MM cells. We found, using a transcriptomic approach that RAD50, a major DNA repair gene was downregulated early after genotoxic stress. In two gerosuppression situations: induction of hypoxia and inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, we observed, after the treatment with a DNA damaging agent, a normalization of RAD50 expression concomitant with the absence of cell cycle arrest. We propose that combining inhibitors of mTOR with genotoxic agents could avoid MM cells to senesce and secrete pro-inflammatory factors responsible for cancer stem-like cell emergence and, in turn, relapse of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Alani
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - William Ritchie
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Brigitte Sola
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
| | - Julie Cahu
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, MICAH team, Caen, France
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36
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Salminen A, Kauppinen A, Kaarniranta K. AMPK/Snf1 signaling regulates histone acetylation: Impact on gene expression and epigenetic functions. Cell Signal 2016; 28:887-95. [PMID: 27010499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its yeast homolog, Snf1, are critical regulators in the maintenance of energy metabolic balance not only stimulating energy production but also inhibiting energy-consuming processes. The AMPK/Snf1 signaling controls energy metabolism by specific phosphorylation of many metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, enhancing or suppressing their functions. The AMPK/Snf1 complexes can be translocated from cytoplasm into nuclei where they are involved in the regulation of transcription. Recent studies have indicated that AMPK/Snf1 activation can control histone acetylation through different mechanisms affecting not only gene transcription but also many other epigenetic functions. For instance, AMPK/Snf1 enzymes can phosphorylate the histone H3S10 (yeast) and H2BS36 (mammalian) sites which activate specific histone acetyltransferases (HAT), consequently enhancing histone acetylation. Moreover, nuclear AMPK can phosphorylate type 2A histone deacetylases (HDAC), e.g. HDAC4 and HDAC5, triggering their export from nuclei thus promoting histone acetylation reactions. AMPK activation can also increase the level of acetyl CoA, e.g. by inhibiting fatty acid and cholesterol syntheses. Acetyl CoA is a substrate for HATs, thus increasing their capacity for histone acetylation. On the other hand, AMPK can stimulate the activity of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) which increases the level of NAD(+). NAD(+) is a substrate for nuclear sirtuins, especially for SIRT1 and SIRT6, which deacetylate histones and transcription factors, e.g. those regulating ribosome synthesis and circadian clocks. Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic modification which subsequently can affect chromatin remodeling, e.g. via bromodomain proteins. We will review the signaling mechanisms of AMPK/Snf1 in the control of histone acetylation and subsequently clarify their role in the epigenetic regulation of ribosome synthesis and circadian clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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