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Wang H, Ma Z, Xu M, Xiong M, Chen X, Zhou Y, Tang W, Li X, Chen W, Ma H, Ye X. Coptisine-mediated downregulation of E2F7 induces G2/M phase arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of E2F4/NFYA/NFYB transcription factors. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 397:111063. [PMID: 38795876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Coptisine (COP) has been shown to exhibit a wide range of anticancer properties, including in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of COP in the treatment of HCC remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanism of action of COP against HCC. By evaluating the anti-HCC activity of COP in different HCC cells lines and in xenografted nude mice, it was found that COP inhibited HCC in vitro and in vivo. Through RNA-Seq analysis, E2F7 was identified as a potential target of COP against HCC, as well as the cell cycle as a possible pathway. The overexpression of E2F7 and the inhibition of CHK1 demonstrated that COP inhibits the activity of HCC and induces G2/M phase arrest of HCC cells by down-regulating E2F7 and influencing the CHK1/CDC25A pathway. Finally, the promoter fragmentation experiments and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that COP down-regulated E2F7 by inhibiting the E2F4/NFYA/NFYB transcription factors. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that COP downregulates E2F7 by affecting key transcription factors, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest and inhibits HCC cell growth. This provides further evidence of the efficacy of COP in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zhengcai Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Minmin Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Mengyuan Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xiantao Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wanyu Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xuegang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wanqun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400000, China.
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Hao L, Li S, Chen G, Nie A, Zeng L, Xiao Z, Hu X. Study on the mechanism of quercetin in Sini Decoction Plus Ginseng Soup to inhibit liver cancer and HBV virus replication through CDK1. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14567. [PMID: 38858165 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the anti-tumor and anti-virus key active ingredients of Sini Decoction Plus Ginseng Soup (SNRS) and their mechanisms. METHODS The main ingredients of SNRS were analyzed by network pharmacology, and quercetin was identified as the key active ingredient. Then, we obtained the targets of quercetin by using Drugbank, PharmMapper, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Then, the targets of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-related HCC) were obtained by using Genecards database. In addition, using the gene expression profiles of HBV-related HCC patients in GEO database and the genes with the greatest survival difference in GEPIA 2 database identified the potential targets of quercetin. In addition, the mechanism of potential genes was studied through GO, KEGG analysis, and PPI network. Using AUC and survival analysis to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and CCNB1. Finally, the effects of quercetin on proliferation of Hep3B and HepG2215 cells and the level of CDK1 and CCNB1 were verified in vitro. ELISA was used to measure the expression levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) after the intervention by quercetin for 24 h and 48 h in HepG2215 cell. RESULTS The first 10 key ingredients of SNRS were identified, and quercetin was the most key ingredient. The 101 potential quercetin targets were identified for the treatment of HBV-related HCC. GO and KEGG showed that 101 potential target enrichment in cancer and cell cycle regulation. By Venn analysis, CDK1 and CCNB1 were intersection targets, which could be used as potential targets for the action of quercetin on HBV-related HCC. Moreover, the expression of CDK1 and CCNB1 was highly expressed in the high-risk group, while the OS rate was low. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year area under the curve (AUC) curves of CDK1 and CCNB1 were 0.724, 0.676, 0.622 and 0.745, 0.678, 0.634, respectively. Moreover, experimental results also showed that quercetin inhibited cell proliferation and reduced CDK1 expression in Hep3B and HepG2215 cells. The expressions of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2215 cell supernatant and cell gradually decreased with the increase of intervention time of quercetin and CDK1 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin is a key ingredient of anti-HBV-related HCC activity and inhibits HBV replication in SNRS by inhibiting CDK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Hao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Guo Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Aiyu Nie
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghui Xiao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Han L, Xiang X, Fu Y, Wei S, Zhang C, Li L, Liu Y, Lv H, Shan B, Zhao L. Periplcymarin targets glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Implication in anti-cancer therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155539. [PMID: 38522311 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC) in China, and demonstrates varying levels of resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents. Our previous studies have proved that periplocin (CPP), derived from the extract of cortex periplocae, exhibiting the capacity to hinder proliferation and induce apoptosis in ESCC cells. Several studies have identified additional anti-cancer constituents in the extract of cortex periplocae, named periplcymarin (PPM), sharing similar compound structure with CPP. Nevertheless, the inhibitory effects of PPM on ESCC and their underlying mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate function of PPM inhibiting the growth of ESCC in vivo and in vitro and to explore its underlying mechanism, providing the potential anti-tumor drug for ESCC. METHODS Initially, a comparative analysis was conducted on the inhibitory activity of three naturally compounds obtained from the extract of cortex periplocae on ESCC cells. Among these compounds, PPM was chosen for subsequent investigation owing to its comparatively structure and anti-tumor activity simultaneously. Subsequently, a series of biological functional experiments were carried out to assess the impact of PPM on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of ESCC cells in vitro. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of PPM, various methodologies were employed, including bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic experiments such as high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), cell glycolysis pressure and mitochondrial pressure test. Additionally, the anti-tumor effects of PPM on ESCC cells and potential toxic side effects were evaluated in vivo using the nude mice xenograft assay. RESULTS Our study revealed that PPM possesses the ability to impede the proliferation of ESCC cells, induce apoptosis, and arrest the cell cycle of ESCC cells in the G2/M phase in vitro. Mechanistically, PPM exerted its effects by modulating glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), as confirmed by glycolysis pressure and mitochondrial pressure tests. Moreover, rescue assays demonstrated that PPM inhibits glycolysis and OXPHOS in ESCC cells through the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Additionally, we substantiated that PPM effectively suppresses the growth of ESCC cells in vivo, with only modest potential toxic side effects. CONCLUSION Our study provides novel evidence that PPM has the potential to simultaneously target glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS in ESCC cells. This finding highlights the need for further investigation into PPM as a promising therapeutic agent that targets the tumor glucose metabolism pathway in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan Han
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road 361, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Xiang
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Yuhui Fu
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Sisi Wei
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Huilai Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China.
| | - Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road 12, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Gene Diagnosis, Prevention and Therapy, Clinical Oncology Research Center, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China.
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Rajpurohit YS, Sharma DK, Lal M, Soni I. A perspective on tumor radiation resistance following high-LET radiation treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:226. [PMID: 38696003 PMCID: PMC11065934 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05757-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
High-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation is a promising alternative to conventional low-LET radiation for therapeutic gain against cancer owing to its ability to induce complex and clustered DNA lesions. However, the development of radiation resistance poses a significant barrier. The potential molecular mechanisms that could confer resistance development are translesion synthesis (TLS), replication gap suppression (RGS) mechanisms, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation, release of exosomes, and epigenetic changes. This article will discuss various types of complex clustered DNA damage, their repair mechanisms, mutagenic potential, and the development of radiation resistance strategies. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of careful consideration and patient selection when employing high-LET radiotherapy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Singh Rajpurohit
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2-46-S, Modular Lab, A-Block, Mumbai, 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, DAE- Deemed University, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Dhirendra Kumar Sharma
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2-46-S, Modular Lab, A-Block, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Mitu Lal
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, 2-46-S, Modular Lab, A-Block, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ishu Soni
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, DAE- Deemed University, Mumbai, 400094, India
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Zhang H, Song Q, Shang K, Li Y, Jiang L, Yang L. Tspan protein family: focusing on the occurrence, progression, and treatment of cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:187. [PMID: 38649381 PMCID: PMC11035590 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Tetraspanins (Tspan) protein family, also known as the tetraspanin family, contains 33 family members that interact with other protein molecules such as integrins, adhesion molecules, and T cell receptors by forming dimers or heterodimers. The Tspan protein family regulates cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, tissue differentiation, and immune response. More and more studies have shown that Tspan proteins are involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, thrombosis, tumor stem cell, and exosome signaling. Some drugs and microRNAs can inhibit Tspan proteins, thus providing new strategies for tumor therapy. An in-depth understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of the Tspan protein family, which can promote or inhibit tumor development, will provide new strategies for targeted interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhu Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qinghang Song
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Kaiwen Shang
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liangqian Jiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Li M, Shi H, Dong J, Lu N, Lou J, Xu Y. Mechanisms of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Gallbladder Cancer Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01159-w. [PMID: 38635107 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Recent studies have emphasized the role of ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, in various cancers, including GBC. We applied bioinformatics methodologies on four GBC datasets to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). An intersection of DEGs from the four datasets with ferroptosis and GBC-associated genes was done to identify key ferroptosis-related genes in GBC. GSVA pathway enrichment analysis and immune cell infiltration assessment were conducted to explore their functional roles and interactions. Seven ferroptosis-related genes, EZH2, MUC1, PVT1, GOT1, CDO1, LIFR, and TFAP2A, were identified to be related to GBC. These genes were associated with vital signaling pathways like the G2/M checkpoint and DNA repair and showed significant correlations with immune cell infiltration in GBC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed their high diagnostic potential, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.796 to 0.953. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of ferroptosis in GBC and the potential of ferroptosis-related genes as diagnostic biomarkers. This study lays a foundation for further research into ferroptosis-based therapeutic strategies for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinjie Lou
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangbo Xu
- Department of Oncology, Ningbo TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), No. 819, Liyuan North Road, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Z, Zheng Z, Wang B, Zhan C, Yuan X, Lin X, Xin Q, Zhong Z, Qiu X. Characterization of a G2M checkpoint-related gene model and subtypes associated with immunotherapy response for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29289. [PMID: 38617927 PMCID: PMC11015143 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) presents challenges in early diagnosis and effective treatment. In this study, we aimed to establish a prognostic model based on G2M checkpoint-related genes and identify associated clusters in ccRCC through clinical bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. Utilizing a single-cell RNA dataset (GSE159115) and bulk-sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we analyzed the G2M checkpoint pathway in ccRCC. Differential expression analysis identified 45 genes associated with the G2M checkpoint, leading to the construction of a predictive model with four key genes (E2F2, GTSE1, RAD54L, and UBE2C). The model demonstrated reliable predictive ability for 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival, with AUC values of 0.794, 0.790, and 0.794, respectively. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis, accompanied by significant differences in immune cell infiltration, immune function, TIDE and IPS scores, and drug sensitivities. Two clusters of ccRCC were identified using the "ConsensusClusterPlus" package, cluster 1 exhibited a worse survival rate and was resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs of Axitinib, Erlotinib, Pazopanib, Sunitinib, and Temsirolimus, but not Sorafenib. Targeted experiments on RAD54L, a gene involved in DNA repair processes, revealed its crucial role in inhibiting proliferation, invasion, and migration in 786-O cells. In conclusion, our study offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ccRCC, identifying potential prognostic genes and molecular subtypes associated with the G2M checkpoint. These findings hold promise for guiding personalized treatment strategies in the management of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Zongtai Zheng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Bangqi Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Changxin Zhan
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Xuefeng Yuan
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Qifan Xin
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gaozhou People's Hospital, Gaozhou, 525200, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofu Qiu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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Lu H, Hou L, Zhang Y, Guo T, Wang Y, Xing M. Polystyrene microplastics mediate cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in the G2/M phase through ROS in grass carp kidney cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1923-1935. [PMID: 38064284 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted widespread worldwide attention as a new pollutant. However, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell cycle in nephrotoxicity induced by different concentrations of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) is unknown. This study used grass carp kidney cells (CIK) treated with different concentrations of PS-MPs (0, 0.012, 0.0625, and 0.5 mg L-1 ) as subjects. With the increase of PS-MPs concentration, the levels of ROS and malonaldehyde increased, while the level of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) activity decreased. The expression of BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase (BUB1), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK1), CDK2, CyclinB1, cell division cycle 20 homolog (CDC20), and B-cell lymphoma-2, sequestosome 1 decreased significantly. Nevertheless, the expression of Caspase 3, Cleave-Caspase 3, cytochrome c (Cytc), BCL2-associated X, apoptosis regulator, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), Cleave-PARP, Caspase 9, autophagy immunoblot kit (LC3), and Beclin1 increased. Our research shows that PS-MPs can trigger oxidative stress and induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy in CIK cells by regulating ROS. This work provides a theoretical basis for cellular biology and toxicology mechanisms and new insights into the potential risks to animals from MPs exposure in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Lu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Hou
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Wu J, Zhao J, Xu T, Zhang M, Liu J, Wang Y, Wang Q, Song X. Global characterization of RNA editing in genetic regulation of multiple ovarian cancer subtypes. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102127. [PMID: 38352860 PMCID: PMC10863325 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
RNA editing plays an extensive role in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, the overall profile and molecular functions of RNA editing in different ovarian cancer subtypes have not been fully characterized and elucidated. Here, we conducted a study on RNA editing in four cohorts of ovarian cancer subtypes through large-scale parallel reporting and bioinformatics analysis. Our findings revealed that RNA editing patterns exhibit subtype-specific characteristics within cancer subtypes. The expression pattern of ADAR and the number of differential editing sites varied under different conditions. CCOC and EOC exhibited significant editing deficiency, whereas HGSC and MOC displayed significant editing excess. The sites within the turquoise module of the coedited network also revealed their correlation with ovarian cancer. In addition, we identified an average of over 40,000 cis-edQTLs in the four subtypes. Finally, we explored the association between RNA editing and drug response, uncovering several potentially effective editing-drug pairs (EDP) and suggesting the conceivable utility of RNA editing sites as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Overall, our comprehensive study has identified and characterized RNA editing events in various subtypes of ovarian cancer, providing a new perspective for ovarian cancer research and facilitating the development of medical interventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Tianyi Xu
- National Genomics Data Center & CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
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Yan C, Zhao L, Zhang X, Chu Z, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Geng S, Guo K. Cold atmospheric plasma sensitizes melanoma cells to targeted therapy agents in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300356. [PMID: 38041219 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been reported to kill melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. BRAF and MEK inhibitors are targeted therapy agents for advanced melanoma patients with BRAF mutations. However, low overall survival and relapse-free survival are still tough challenges due to drug resistance. In this study, we confirmed that CAP alleviated innate drug resistance and promoted the anti-tumor effect of targeted therapy in A875 and WM115 melanoma cells in vitro. Further, we revealed that CAP altered the expression of various molecules concerning MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways in A875 cells. This study demonstrates that CAP promises to work as adjuvant treatment with targeted therapy to overcome drug resistance for malignant tumors in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaowei Chu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center for Dermatology Disease, Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center for Dermatology Disease, Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, China
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11
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Ferrer-Diaz AI, Sinha G, Petryna A, Gonzalez-Bermejo R, Kenfack Y, Adetayo O, Patel SA, Hooda-Nehra A, Rameshwar P. Revealing role of epigenetic modifiers and DNA oxidation in cell-autonomous regulation of Cancer stem cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:119. [PMID: 38347590 PMCID: PMC10863086 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells (BCCs) can remain undetected for decades in dormancy. These quiescent cells are similar to cancer stem cells (CSCs); hence their ability to initiate tertiary metastasis. Dormancy can be regulated by components of the tissue microenvironment such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that release exosomes to dedifferentiate BCCs into CSCs. The exosomes cargo includes histone 3, lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases - KMT2B and KMT2D. A less studied mechanism of CSC maintenance is the process of cell-autonomous regulation, leading us to examine the roles for KMT2B and KMT2D in sustaining CSCs, and their potential as drug targets. METHODS Use of pharmacological inhibitor of H3K4 (WDR5-0103), knockdown (KD) of KMT2B or KMT2D in BCCs, real time PCR, western blot, response to chemotherapy, RNA-seq, and flow cytometry for circulating markers of CSCs and DNA hydroxylases in BC patients. In vivo studies using a dormancy model studied the effects of KMT2B/D to chemotherapy. RESULTS H3K4 methyltransferases sustain cell autonomous regulation of CSCs, impart chemoresistance, maintain cycling quiescence, and reduce migration and proliferation of BCCs. In vivo studies validated KMT2's role in dormancy and identified these genes as potential drug targets. DNA methylase (DNMT), predicted within a network with KMT2 to regulate CSCs, was determined to sustain circulating CSC-like in the blood of patients. CONCLUSION H3K4 methyltransferases and DNA methylation mediate cell autonomous regulation to sustain CSC. The findings provide crucial insights into epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying BC dormancy with KMT2B and KMT2D as potential therapeutic targets, along with standard care. Stem cell and epigenetic markers in circulating BCCs could monitor treatment response and this could be significant for long BC remission to partly address health disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra I Ferrer-Diaz
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Garima Sinha
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew Petryna
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Yannick Kenfack
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Shyam A Patel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Anupama Hooda-Nehra
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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12
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Tang Y, Lan X, Yan M, Fu Z, Li H. CKS1B as a potential target for prognostic assessment and intervention in pancreatic cancer and its role in abnormal proliferation and cellular phenotype through mediation of cell cycle signaling pathways. Saudi Med J 2024; 45:128-138. [PMID: 38309745 PMCID: PMC11115417 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of cell cycle protein-dependent kinase regulatory subunit 1B (CKS1B) in driving the aggressive and rapid proliferation observed in pancreatic cancer. METHODS A comprehensive analysis was carried out using raw mRNA information and data from 2 databases: the cancer genome atlas and gene expression omnibus. The differential expression of CKS1B at the mRNA and tissue levels in cancer and adjacent paracancerous tissues were assessed. Additionally, the relationship of CKS1B expression and overall survival (OS) rate was investigated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Potential molecular mechanisms by which CKS1B may influence the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer were explored using resources available within the encyclopedia of RNA interactomes database. RESULTS The CKS1B exhibited significant differential expression at the mRNA as well as protein levels. A correlation with statistical significance between CKS1B expression and N stage, age, and alcohol consumption was observed. Notably, high CKS1B expression was determined as a predictive factor for worse OS. Furthermore, the analysis revealed a potential synergistic role between CKS1B and the molecule PKMYT1, which could impact the ATR-Chk1-Cdc25 signaling pathway and disrupt the G2/M checkpoint within the cell cycle, ultimately promoting abnormal tumor proliferation. CONCLUSION The CKS1B may serve as a novel potential prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer and is involved in the abnormal proliferation biology phenotype by mediating cell cycle signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Tang
- From the Department of specialty (Yuzhu, Xiaohua), Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, and from the Department of Radiation Oncology (Yuzhu, Maohui, Zhiguang, Hongqi), Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaohua Lan
- From the Department of specialty (Yuzhu, Xiaohua), Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, and from the Department of Radiation Oncology (Yuzhu, Maohui, Zhiguang, Hongqi), Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
| | - Maohui Yan
- From the Department of specialty (Yuzhu, Xiaohua), Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, and from the Department of Radiation Oncology (Yuzhu, Maohui, Zhiguang, Hongqi), Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiguang Fu
- From the Department of specialty (Yuzhu, Xiaohua), Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, and from the Department of Radiation Oncology (Yuzhu, Maohui, Zhiguang, Hongqi), Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongqi Li
- From the Department of specialty (Yuzhu, Xiaohua), Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, and from the Department of Radiation Oncology (Yuzhu, Maohui, Zhiguang, Hongqi), Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.
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13
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Chen X, Li H. Bruceine D and Narclasine inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and the prediction of potential drug targets. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297203. [PMID: 38215156 PMCID: PMC10786365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies. This study explored the underlying mechanism through which the two plant compounds (Brucaine D and Narclasine) inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Brucaine D and Narclasine on breast cancer development and their potential drug targets. METHODS GSE85871 dataset containing 212 samples and the hallmark gene set "h.all.v2023.1.Hs.symbols.gmt" were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) database, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify clusters showing similar gene expression pattern. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate the hallmark score for different drug treatment groups. The expressions of genes related to angiogenesis, glycolysis and cell cycle were detected. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to study the interaction of the hub genes. Then, HERB database was employed to identify potential target genes for Narclasine and Bruceine D. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to validate partial drug-target pair. RESULTS PCA analysis showed that the significant changes in gene expression patterns took place in 6 drugs treatment groups (Narciclasine, Bruceine D, Japonicone A, 1beta-hydroxyalatolactone, Britanin, and four mixture drugs) in comparison to the remaining drug treatment groups. The ssGSEA pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that Narciclasine and Bruceine treatments had similar enriched pathways, for instance, suppressed pathways related to angiogenesis, Glycolysis, and cell cycle, etc.. Further gene expression analysis confirmed that Narciclasine and Bruceine had a strong ability to inhibit these cell cycle genes, and that MYC, CHEK2, MELK, CDK4 and EZH2 were closely interacted with each other in the PPI analysis. Drug target prediction revealed that Androgen Receptor (AR) and Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) were the targets for Bruceine D, and Cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme (CYP3A4) was the target for Narciclasine. Cell experiments also confirmed the connections between Narciclasine and CYP3A4. CONCLUSION The present study uncovered that Narciclasine and Bruceine D could inhibit the growth of breast cancer and also predicted the potential targets for these two drugs, providing a new therapeutic direction for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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14
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Tang W, Meng F, Li M, Li Y, Xiong W, Zhang D, Yang B. Identification of SGMS2 as a molecule involved in natural killer cell recruitment and its in-deep analysis in the liver cancer microenvironment: Evidence from large populations cohort. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3609. [PMID: 37849429 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer, a common malignancy within the digestive system, presents with a particularly grim prognosis. Within the immune microenvironment, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in liver cancer remains unclear. METHODS We sourced data on clinical parameters and gene expressions for liver cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program database and carried out all analyses using R software and its relevant codes. RESULTS In our research, we delved into the genes intertwined with NK cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Leveraging the QUANTISEQ and MCPCOUNTER algorithms to quantify NK cells, we spotlighted genes vital to the recruitment of NK cells. Among these genes, GDE1, WDFY3, DNAJB14, PKD2, DGAT2, SGMS2 and MKNK2 showed a strong correlation with patient outcomes. We also mapped out the single-cell expression trajectories of these genes within the HCC milieu. From our findings, SGMS2 emerged as a key gene warranting further scrutiny. Our in-depth analysis of SGMS2 shed light on its influence over specific biological pathways, its contribution to the immune landscape and its role in genomic instability within HCC. Drawing from this, we formulated a predictive model rooted in SGMS2-associated genes. This model showcased remarkable precision across both training and validation cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our investigation underscored the profound implications of SGMS2, a gene pivotal to NK cell infiltration, in the landscape of HCC, thereby positioning it as a potential linchpin in oncological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fansheng Meng
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wujun Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Danying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biwei Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xu X, Zhang D, Zhao K, Liu Z, Ren X, Zhang X, Lu Z, Qin C, Wang J, Wang S. Comprehensive analysis of the impact of emerging flame retardants on prostate cancer progression: The potential molecular mechanisms and immune infiltration landscape. Toxicology 2024; 501:153681. [PMID: 38006928 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Emerging flame retardants have been used to replace traditional flame retardants, but their potential impact on cancer, especially prostate cancer, is not well understood. Our study aimed to explore the link between flame retardants and prostate cancer, and identify potential carcinogenic mechanisms among populations exposed to emerging flame retardants. We screened flame retardant interacting genes differentially expressed in prostate cancer patients and identified hub genes by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis based on the STRING database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to construct risk models and identify flame retardant-related prognostic genes. We calculated the proportion of immune cell infiltration to explore the potential mechanism of the prognostic gene, and verified the target cell population of the prognostic gene in the single-cell transcriptome dataset. Our study revealed a significant link between emerging flame retardants and prostate cancer. We constructed a risk model with good predictive ability for prostate cancer prognosis using TCGA dataset, and identified six flame retardant-related prognostic genes validated in the GSE70769 dataset. We found that the expression of M2 macrophages was up-regulated in patients with high expression of prognostic genes, and the single-cell dataset confirmed the expression of prognostic genes in macrophages. Our study confirms the link between emerging flame retardants and prostate cancer, and highlights the role of immune-related pathways in the high-risk population exposed to these flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Xu
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui Province 241000, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Zhanpeng Liu
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Xiaohan Ren
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Zhongwen Lu
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Chao Qin
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui Province 241000, China.
| | - Shangqian Wang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China.
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16
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Zhao Y, Wang X, Li Y, Liu Y, Hou J, Guo Y. Preparation and photothermal therapy of gold nanorods modified by Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:127854. [PMID: 37935290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of nanoparticles formed by coupling metal nanomaterials of photothermal therapy with polysaccharides as modified carriers in the targeted treatment of liver cancer has attracted extensive attention. In the present work, an undescribed homogeneous polysaccharide BCP50-2 was obtained from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. The structural analysis displayed that BCP50-2 contained galactose and a small amount of arabinose, and was mainly composed of six monosaccharide residues: →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →3)-α-l-Galp-(1→, terminal α-l-Araf, and terminal β-d-Galp. To enhance the antitumor activity of BCP50-2, BCP50-2-AuNRs were prepared by coupling BCP50-2 with gold nanorods for the treatment of liver cancer. BCP50-2-AuNRs were rod-shaped with a long diameter of 26.8 nm and had good photothermal conversion effects. Under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, BCP50-2-AuNRs possessed photothermal effects and suppressed the growth of HepG2, A549, and MCF-7 cells. In addition, BCP50-2-AuNRs inhibited the development of liver cancer by inducing cell apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle in G2/M phases, and inhibiting cell migration. Moreover, BCP50-2-AuNRs inhibited tumor proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in zebrafish. In summary, BCP50-2-AuNRs may be potentially useful for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Shibu MA, Chen YJ, Yang HS, He YH, Lo YH, Lin WT. Principle active metabolites of Pinus morrisonicola Hayata synergistically inhibit cell proliferation and autophagy to elevate apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:3018-3025. [PMID: 37615216 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a common primary tumor of liver is a leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. Improving cellular apoptosis and enhancing autophagic clearance is been considered to improve treatment outcomes of HCC. Polyphenols from Pinus morrisonicola (Hayata) have shown various physiological and therapeutic benefits and the flavonoid chrysin is been known for their anticancer effects. However, the main bioactive principle and the mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of pine needle extract are not clear yet. In this study, the effects of ethanol extract from pine needle on HCC cells were determined. The results show that when compared with administration of chrysin alone, a fraction containing pinocembrin, chrysin, and tiliroside significantly reduced autophagy and increased apoptosis. The results also correlated with decrease in cell cycle regulators and the autophagic proteins like LC3-II. Collectively, the results imply the fraction containing pinocembrin, chrysin, and tiliroside as an ideal complementary medicine for an effective antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Siang Yang
- Department of Food Science College of Agriculture and Health, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua He
- Department of Hospitality Management College of Agriculture and Health, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- R&D Division, Utopia Holiday Hotel Corporation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsin Lo
- Department of Hospitality Management College of Agriculture and Health, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- R&D Division, Utopia Holiday Hotel Corporation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Teng Lin
- Department of Hospitality Management College of Agriculture and Health, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Liu XY, Wang YH, Wang J, Quan JK, Li XD, Guan KP. The role of CSE1L silencing in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia. HEMATOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 28:1-9. [PMID: 36652402 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2161201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chromosome segregation 1-like (CSE1L) is abundant and strongly expressed in solid tumors. However, the expression and role of CSE1L in chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relative expression levels of CSE1L in bone marrow granulocytes from patients with primary CML and non-hematologic controls were measured by flow cytometry. Cell counting kit-8 analysis, DNA Content Quantitation Assay, and Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining were applied to assess the effects of CSE1L knockdown on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. RESULTS Elevated expression of CSE1L was detected in bone marrow granulocytes of patients with primary CML. In the CML cell line K562 cells, CSE1L knockdown impaired cell proliferation blocked the cell cycle shift from G0/G1 phase to the S phase, and promoted apoptosis. Knockdown of CSE1L reduced Bcl-2 protein expression and increased Bax protein expression. Meanwhile, knockdown of CSE1L enhanced the expression of phospho-AMPK protein and decreased the expression of phospho-mTOR protein. The expression of total AMPK and mTOR proteins was not affected. In addition, CSE1L expression levels were decreased in imatinib-treated K562 cells. CONCLUSIONS CSE1L plays a pivotal role in K562 cell survival and growth. These functions may be partially dependent on the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to achieve. In addition, CSE1L may have had a future impact on the treatment of CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- Laboratory Department, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Kun Quan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Ping Guan
- Laboratory Department, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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19
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Almalki SG. The pathophysiology of the cell cycle in cancer and treatment strategies using various cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154854. [PMID: 37864989 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The cell cycle is the series of events that occur in a cell leading to its division and duplication. It can be divided into two main stages: interphase and mitosis. Interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle and can be further divided into three phases: G1, S, and G2. During G1, the cell grows and prepares for DNA synthesis. In the S phase, DNA synthesis occurs, leading to the replication of the genetic material. In G2, the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis. After mitosis, the cell enters the final stage of the cell cycle, called cytokinesis, during which the cytoplasm is divided, resulting in two separate daughter cells. The cell cycle then begins again with interphase. Cell cycle dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer, and it can have several consequences that contribute to the development and progression of cancer. Cyclin inhibitors and checkpoint activators have shown promise in the treatment of cancer, particularly in combination with other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
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Huang J, Zhang J, Zhang F, Lu S, Guo S, Shi R, Zhai Y, Gao Y, Tao X, Jin Z, You L, Wu J. Identification of a disulfidptosis-related genes signature for prognostic implication in lung adenocarcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107402. [PMID: 37657358 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Additionally, disulfidptosis, a newly discovered type of cell death, has been found to be closely associated with the onset and progression of tumors. METHODS The study first identified genes related to disulfidptosis through correlation analysis. These genes were then screened using univariate cox regression and LASSO regression, and a prognostic model was constructed through multivariate cox regression. A nomogram was also created to predict the prognosis of LUAD. The model was validated in three independent data sets: GSE72094, GSE31210, and GSE37745. Next, patients were grouped based on their median risk score, and differentially expressed genes between the two groups were analyzed. Enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity evaluation were also conducted. RESULTS In this study, we examined 21 genes related to disulfidptosis and developed a gene signature that was found to be associated with a poorer prognosis in LUAD. Our model was validated using three independent datasets and showed AUC values greater than 0.5 at 1, 3, and 5 years. Enrichment analysis revealed that the disulfidptosis-related genes signature had a multifaceted impact on LUAD, particularly in relation to tumor development, proliferation, and metastasis. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited higher tumor purity and lower stromal score, ESTIMATE score, and Immune score. CONCLUSION This study constructed a gene signature related to disulfidptosis in lung adenocarcinoma and analyzed its impact on the disease and its association with the tumor microenvironment. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the understanding of lung adenocarcinoma and could potentially lead to the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Rui Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yiyan Zhai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yifei Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhengsen Jin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Leiming You
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Kichina JV, Maslov A, Kandel ES. PAK1 and Therapy Resistance in Melanoma. Cells 2023; 12:2373. [PMID: 37830586 PMCID: PMC10572217 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma claims more lives than any other skin malignancy. While primary melanomas are usually cured via surgical excision, the metastatic form of the disease portents a poor prognosis. Decades of intense research has yielded an extensive armamentarium of anti-melanoma therapies, ranging from genotoxic chemo- and radiotherapies to targeted interventions in specific signaling pathways and immune functions. Unfortunately, even the most up-to-date embodiments of these therapies are not curative for the majority of metastatic melanoma patients, and the need to improve their efficacy is widely recognized. Here, we review the reports that implicate p21-regulated kinase 1 (PAK1) and PAK1-related pathways in the response of melanoma to various therapeutic modalities. Ample data suggest that PAK1 may decrease cell sensitivity to programmed cell death, provide additional stimulation to growth-promoting molecular pathways, and contribute to the creation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Accordingly, there is mounting evidence that the concomitant inhibition of PAK1 enhances the potency of various anti-melanoma regimens. Overall, the available information suggests that a safe and effective inhibition of PAK1-dependent molecular processes would enhance the potency of the currently available anti-melanoma treatments, although considerable challenges in implementing such strategies still exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia V. Kichina
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton St., Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Alexei Maslov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton St., Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Eugene S. Kandel
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton St., Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Sun J, Lui K, Pang Q, Xu M, Zhao H, Shao J, Yu Y, Chu X, Liang Y, Xu J, Shen Z. miR-656-3p inhibits melanomas in vitro and in vivo by inducing senescence via inhibiting LMNB2. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10781-10796. [PMID: 37314513 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-Violet Radiation (UVR) is the most significant exogenous contributor to skin aging. UVB causes the senescence of melanocytes, which results in a permanent arrest in the proliferative process. Senescence is also regarded as a physiological tumor-suppressing mechanism of normal cells. However, the mechanism of the relationship between melanocyte senescence and melanoma was not sufficiently clarified. METHODS Melanocytes and melanoma cells were irradiated with UVB for the indicated time. The miRNA expression profile of melanocytes were obtained by miRNA sequencing and confirmed by real-time PCR. Cell count kit-8 assays, cell cycle assays were also employed to explore the effect of miR-656-3p and LMNB2 on senescence. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied to determine the miRNA targets. Finally, a xenograft model and a photoaging model of mice were conducted to verified the function of miR-656-3p in vivo. RESULTS Melanoma cells did not alter into a senescence stage and the expressions of miR-656-3p had no significant changes under the same intensity of UVB radiation. miR-656-3p appeared to be upregulated in melanocytes rather than melanoma cells after UVB radiation. miR-656-3p could promote the photoaging of human primary melanocytes by targeting LMNB2. Finally, overexpression of miR-656-3p significantly induced senescence and inhibited the growth of melanomas in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our work not only demonstrated the mechanism by which miR-656-3p induced the senescence of melanocytes but also proposed a treatment strategy for melanomas by using miR-656-3p to induce senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - KaHo Lui
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Shao
- Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijia Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yehua Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zeren Shen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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兰 玉, 王 凯, 蓝 智, 周 何, 孙 剑. [Dealcoholized red wine inhibits occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma possibly by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1297-1305. [PMID: 37712265 PMCID: PMC10505577 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.08.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of dealcoholized red wine (DRW) on occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS Three HCC cell lines (Huh7, HepG2 and SKHep-1) treated with 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μL/mL DRW were examined for changes in proliferation and colony formation ability using CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay. A nude mouse model bearing subcutaneous HCC xenograft was used to test the effect of 300 μL/day DRW for 4 weeks on tumor growth. The inhibitory effect of 300 μL/day DRW for 6 weeks on tumor growth was also observed in a mouse model of chemically induced HCC by examining the tumor number, largest tumor diameter and the liver/body ratio. RNA-seq technique was used for transcriptome sequencing of Huh7 cells treated with DRW (75 μL/mL) for 48 h, and gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the changes in genes and pathways. Flow cytometry assay was used to analyze the changes in cell cycle and apoptosis of the cells. RESULTS DRW inhibited the proliferation of the HCC cell lines in a concentration-and time-dependent manner, and concentration-dependently inhibited colony formation of the cells. Treatment with DRW significantly reduced the volume of subcutaneous tumor xenograft in the tumor-bearing nude mice (P < 0.05), and lowered the number of tumors (P < 0.001), the largest tumor diameter (P < 0.05) and the liver/body ratio (P < 0.01) in mice with chemically induced HCC. RNA-seq showed that 634 genes were significantly up-regulated and 478 were down-regulated in Huh7 cells after treatment with DRW. Gene-set enrichment analysis revealed that DRW significantly down-regulated cell cycle-related pathways (E2F Targets, G2M Checkpoint and MYC Targets) and up-regulated apoptosis pathways. Flow cytometry assay showed that DRW induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and apoptosis of Huh7 cells. CONCLUSION DRW inhibits the occurrence and progression of HCC, and this effect is mediated possibly by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 玉 兰
- />器官衰竭防治国家重点实验室,广东省病毒性肝炎研究重点实验室,南方医科大学南方医院感染内科,广东 广州 510515State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 凯风 王
- />器官衰竭防治国家重点实验室,广东省病毒性肝炎研究重点实验室,南方医科大学南方医院感染内科,广东 广州 510515State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 智贤 蓝
- />器官衰竭防治国家重点实验室,广东省病毒性肝炎研究重点实验室,南方医科大学南方医院感染内科,广东 广州 510515State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 何琪 周
- />器官衰竭防治国家重点实验室,广东省病毒性肝炎研究重点实验室,南方医科大学南方医院感染内科,广东 广州 510515State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 剑 孙
- />器官衰竭防治国家重点实验室,广东省病毒性肝炎研究重点实验室,南方医科大学南方医院感染内科,广东 广州 510515State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Xin Y, Zhang Y. Paralog-based synthetic lethality: rationales and applications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1168143. [PMID: 37350942 PMCID: PMC10282757 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1168143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells can result from gene mutations and over-expression. Synthetic lethality (SL) offers a desirable setting where cancer cells bearing one mutated gene of an SL gene pair can be specifically targeted by disrupting the function of the other genes, while leaving wide-type normal cells unharmed. Paralogs, a set of homologous genes that have diverged from each other as a consequence of gene duplication, make the concept of SL feasible as the loss of one gene does not affect the cell's survival. Furthermore, homozygous loss of paralogs in tumor cells is more frequent than singletons, making them ideal SL targets. Although high-throughput CRISPR-Cas9 screenings have uncovered numerous paralog-based SL pairs, the unclear mechanisms of targeting these gene pairs and the difficulty in finding specific inhibitors that exclusively target a single but not both paralogs hinder further clinical development. Here, we review the potential mechanisms of paralog-based SL given their function and genetic combination, and discuss the challenge and application prospects of paralog-based SL in cancer therapeutic discovery.
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25
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Liu VP, Li WM, Lofroth J, Zeb M, Patrick BO, Bott TM, Lee CH. A specific dispiropiperazine derivative that arrests cell cycle, induces apoptosis, necrosis and DNA damage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8674. [PMID: 37248333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispiropiperazine compounds are a class of molecules known to confer biological activity, but those that have been studied as cell cycle regulators are few in number. Here, we report the characterization and synthesis of two dispiropiperazine derivatives: the previously synthesized spiro[2',3]-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-3, 1), and its previously undescribed isomer, spiro[2',5']-bis(acenaphthene-1'-one)perhydrodipyrrolo-[1,2-a:1,2-d]-pyrazine (SPOPP-5, 2). SPOPP-3 (1), but not SPOPP-5 (2), was shown to have anti-proliferative activity against a panel of 18 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.63 to 13 µM. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that SPOPP-3 (1) was able to arrest cell cycle at the G2/M phase in SW480 human cancer cells. Western blot analysis further confirmed the cell cycle arrest is in the M phase. In addition, SPOPP-3 (1) was shown to induce apoptosis, necrosis, and DNA damage as well as disrupt mitotic spindle positioning in SW480 cells. These results warrant further investigation of SPOPP-3 (1) as a novel anti-cancer agent, particularly for its potential ability to sensitize cancer cells for radiation-induced cell death, enhance cancer immunotherapy, overcome apoptosis-related drug resistance and for possible use in synthetic lethality cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Wai-Ming Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Jack Lofroth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Mehreen Zeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Tina M Bott
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, 10700-104 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Chow H Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada.
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Wang W, Pang W, Yan S, Zheng X, Han Q, Yao Y, Jin L, Zhang C. Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed oil inhibits tumorigenesis of human melanoma A375 by regulating CDC25A/CyclinB1/CDK1 signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1165584. [PMID: 37081962 PMCID: PMC10110958 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1165584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed oil (ZBSO) is extracted from the seeds of the traditional Chinese medicine Z. bungeanum Maxim, which has been shown to have anti-melanoma effects. However, the specific mechanisms are not illustrated adequately.Aims: To further investigate the mechanism by which ZBSO inhibits melanoma and to provide scientific evidence to support ZBSO as a potential melanoma therapeutic candidate.Methods: CCK-8 assays were used to detect the function of ZBSO on A375 cells. Based on transcriptomics analyses, Western blot analysis was applied to determine whether an association existed in ZBSO with the CDC25A/CyclinB1/CDK1 signaling pathway. In addition, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis validated that ZBSO has the anti-melanoma effect in a nude mouse xenograft model of human melanoma. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to detect the regulation of gut microbes.Results: Cellular assays revealed that ZBSO could inhibit A375 cell viability by regulating the cell cycle pathway. Further studies presented that ZBSO could constrain CDC25A/CyclinB1/CDK1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo models of melanoma. ZBSO did not produce toxicity in mice, and significantly reduced tumor volume in xenotransplants of A375 cells. Genome analysis indicated that ZBSO successfully altered specific gut microbes.Conclusion: ZBSO inhibited the growth of A375 cells by regulating CDC25A/cyclinB1/CDK1 signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that ZBSO may be a novel potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwen Pang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Suying Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiurong Han
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Leixin Jin
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Chunze Zhang,
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Canonical Wnt Pathway Is Involved in Chemoresistance and Cell Cycle Arrest Induction in Colon Cancer Cell Line Spheroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065252. [PMID: 36982333 PMCID: PMC10049556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been associated with the induction of drug resistance and disease recurrence after therapy. 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is widely used as the first-line treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its effectiveness may be limited by the induction of drug resistance in tumor cells. The Wnt pathway plays a key role in the development and CRC progression, but it is not clearly established how it is involved in CSCs resistance to treatment. This work aimed to investigate the role played by the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CSCs resistance to 5FU treatment. Using tumor spheroids as a model of CSCs enrichment of CRC cell lines with different Wnt/β-catenin contexts, we found that 5FU induces in all CRC spheroids tested cell death, DNA damage, and quiescence, but in different proportions for each one: RKO spheroids were very sensitive to 5FU, while SW480 were less susceptible, and the SW620 spheroids, the metastatic derivative of SW480 cells, displayed the highest resistance to death, high clonogenic capacity, and the highest ability for regrowth after 5FU treatment. Activating the canonical Wnt pathway with Wnt3a in RKO spheroids decreased the 5FU-induced cell death. But the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition with Adavivint alone or in combination with 5FU in spheroids with aberrant activation of this pathway produced a severe cytostatic effect compromising their clonogenic capacity and diminishing the stem cell markers expression. Remarkably, this combined treatment also induced the survival of a small cell subpopulation that could exit the arrest, recover SOX2 levels, and re-grow after treatment.
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Upregulation of NDUFAF2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma Is a Novel Independent Prognostic Biomarker. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2023; 2023:2912968. [PMID: 36703939 PMCID: PMC9873462 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2912968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 2 (NDUFAF2) acts as a molecular chaperone for the assembly of complex I on the mitochondrial membrane, which is involved in the transfer of electrons in the respiratory chain. However, whether NDUFAF2 plays a role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is largely unexplored. Methods Expression profiles were obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases and integrated via R3.6.3 and several bioinformatics platforms. Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry staining were used to examine the expressions of NDUFAF2 in clinical samples. Moreover, the diagnostic and prognostic value of NDUFAF2 expression level was also assessed. GO, KEGG, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were adopted to investigate NDUFAF2-related molecular functions, signaling pathways, and life activity processes. Results NDUFAF2 was predominantly expressed in LUAD, and it is identified as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of LUAD and its prognostic prediction. Overexpression of NDUFAF2 was correlated with N stage, T stage, and pathologic stage in LUAD, leading to worse overall survival (OS). Besides, the level of NDUFAF2 was independently associated with OS through a multivariate Cox analysis (HR = 1.538, 95% (1.086-2.177), P = 0.015). GO analysis revealed enrichment in innate immune response in mucosa and mucosal immune response, and GSEA indicated enrichment in G2_M_checkpoints, DNA replication, diseases of mitotic cell cycle, retinoblastoma gene in cancer, cell cycle pathway, and cell cycle. Furthermore, the expression level of NDUFAF2 was negatively correlated with infiltration levels of Tem, Tcm, NK CD56bright cells, and B cells. In contrast, the expression level of NDUFAF2 was positively correlated with the infiltration level of DCs and Th2 cells in LUAD patients. Conclusions Collectively, NDUFAF2 is a promising independent prognostic biomarker and target in LUAD. In addition, NDUFAF2 might affect the prognosis of LUAD via DNA replication, diseases of mitotic cell cycle, cell cycle pathway, and cell cycle.
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Kreuger IZM, Slieker RC, van Groningen T, van Doorn R. Therapeutic Strategies for Targeting CDKN2A Loss in Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:18-25.e1. [PMID: 36123181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Loss of the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A, encoding p16 and p14, is a frequent event driving melanoma progression. Therefore, therapeutic strategies aimed at CDKN2A loss hold great potential to improve melanoma treatment. Pharmacological inhibition of the p16 targets CDK4/6 is a prime example of such a strategy. Other approaches exploit cell cycle deregulation, target metabolic rewiring, epigenetically restore expression, act on dependencies resulting from co-deleted genes, or are directed at the effects of CDKN2A loss on immune responses. This review explores these therapeutic strategies targeting CDKN2A loss, which potentially open up new avenues for precision medicine in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Z M Kreuger
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick C Slieker
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tim van Groningen
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remco van Doorn
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Zhao S, Wang H, Hu Z, Sahlu BW, Heng N, Gong J, Wang H, Zhu H. Identification of spermatogenesis-related lncRNA in Holstein bull testis after sexual maturity based on transcriptome analysis. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gahramanov V, Oz M, Aouizerat T, Rosenzweig T, Gorelick J, Drori E, Salmon-Divon M, Sherman MY, Lubin BCR. Integration of the Connectivity Map and Pathway Analysis to Predict Plant Extract’s Medicinal Properties—The Study Case of Sarcopoterium spinosum L. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172195. [PMID: 36079576 PMCID: PMC9460920 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal properties of plants are usually identified based on knowledge of traditional medicine or using low-throughput screens for specific pharmacological activities. The former is very biased since it requires prior knowledge of plants’ properties, while the latter depends on a specific screening system and will miss medicinal activities not covered by the screen. We sought to enrich our understanding of the biological activities of Sarcopoterium spinosum L. root extract based on transcriptome changes to uncover a plurality of possible pharmacological effects without the need for prior knowledge or functional screening. We integrated Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of the RNAseq data to identify pathways affected by the treatment of cells with the extract and perturbational signatures in the CMAP database to enhance the validity of the results. Activities of signaling pathways were measured using immunoblotting with phospho-specific antibodies. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 staining. SARS-CoV-2-induced cell killing was assessed in Vero E6 and A549 cells using an MTT assay. Here, we identified transcriptome changes following exposure of cultured cells to the medicinal plant Sarcopoterium spinosum L. root extract. By integrating algorithms of GSEA and CMAP, we confirmed known anti-cancer activities of the extract and predicted novel biological effects on oxidative phosphorylation and interferon pathways. Experimental validation of these pathways uncovered strong activation of autophagy, including mitophagy, and excellent protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study shows that gene expression analysis alone is insufficient for predicting biological effects since some of the changes reflect compensatory effects, and additional biochemical tests provide necessary corrections. This study defines the advantages and limitations of transcriptome analysis in predicting the biological and medicinal effects of the Sarcopoterium spinosum L. extract. Such analysis could be used as a general approach for predicting the medicinal properties of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valid Gahramanov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Moria Oz
- Agriculture and Oenology Department, Eastern Regional R&D Center, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Tzemach Aouizerat
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Jonathan Gorelick
- Judea Branch, Eastern Regional R&D Center, Kiryat Arba, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Elyashiv Drori
- Agriculture and Oenology Department, Eastern Regional R&D Center, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Mali Salmon-Divon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | | | - Bat Chen R. Lubin
- Agriculture and Oenology Department, Eastern Regional R&D Center, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-50-6554655
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Luo Y, Li T, Zhao H, Chen A. A novel 7‑hypoxia‑related long non‑coding RNA signature associated with prognosis and proliferation in melanoma. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:255. [PMID: 35703357 PMCID: PMC9218734 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia‑related long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important indicators of the poor prognosis of cancers. The present study aimed to explore the potential relationship between melanoma and hypoxia‑related lncRNAs. The transcriptome and clinical data of patients with melanoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The prognostic hypoxia‑related lncRNAs were screened out using Pearson's correlation test and univariate Cox analysis. As a result, a hypoxia‑related‑lncRNA signature based on the expression of 7 lncRNAs was constructed, with one unfavourable [MIR205 host gene (MIR205HG)] and six favourable (T cell receptor β variable 11‑2, HLA‑DQB1 antisense RNA 1, AL365361.1, AC004847.1, ubiquitin specific peptidase 30 antisense RNA 1 and AC022706.1) lncRNAs as prognostic factors for melanoma. Patients with melanoma were divided into high‑ and low‑risk groups based on the risk score obtained. Survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of the present risk model. Potential tumour‑associated biological pathways associated with the present signature were explored using gene set enrichment analysis. The CIBERSORT algorithm demonstrated the important role of the hypoxia‑related lncRNAs in regulating tumour‑infiltrating immune cells. Clinical samples collected from our center partly confirmed our findings. Cell Counting Kit‑8 and flow cytometry assays indicated the suppression of proliferation of melanoma cells following inhibition of MIR205HG expression. Indicators of the canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway were detected by western blotting. The present study demonstrated that MIR205HG could promote melanoma cell proliferation partly via the canonical Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway. These findings indicated a 7‑hypoxia‑related‑lncRNA signature that can serve as a novel predictor of melanoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tinghao Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hengguang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Knockdown of Lamin B1 and the Corresponding Lamin B Receptor Leads to Changes in Heterochromatin State and Senescence Induction in Malignant Melanoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142154. [PMID: 35883595 PMCID: PMC9321645 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifications in nuclear structures of cells are implicated in several diseases including cancer. They result in changes in nuclear activity, structural dynamics and cell signalling. However, the role of the nuclear lamina and related proteins in malignant melanoma is still unknown. Its molecular characterisation might lead to a deeper understanding and the development of new therapy approaches. In this study, we analysed the functional effects of dysregulated nuclear lamin B1 (LMNB1) and its nuclear receptor (LBR). According to their cellular localisation and function, we revealed that these genes are crucially involved in nuclear processes like chromatin organisation. RNA sequencing and differential gene expression analysis after knockdown of LMNB1 and LBR revealed their implication in important cellular processes driving ER stress leading to senescence and changes in chromatin state, which were also experimentally validated. We determined that melanoma cells need both molecules independently to prevent senescence. Hence, downregulation of both molecules in a BRAFV600E melanocytic senescence model as well as in etoposide-treated melanoma cells indicates both as potential senescence markers in melanoma. Our findings suggest that LMNB1 and LBR influence senescence and affect nuclear processes like chromatin condensation and thus are functionally relevant for melanoma progression.
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Jaiswal SK, Raj S, DePamphilis ML. Developmental Acquisition of p53 Functions. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111675. [PMID: 34828285 PMCID: PMC8622856 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkably, the p53 transcription factor, referred to as “the guardian of the genome”, is not essential for mammalian development. Moreover, efforts to identify p53-dependent developmental events have produced contradictory conclusions. Given the importance of pluripotent stem cells as models of mammalian development, and their applications in regenerative medicine and disease, resolving these conflicts is essential. Here we attempt to reconcile disparate data into justifiable conclusions predicated on reports that p53-dependent transcription is first detected in late mouse blastocysts, that p53 activity first becomes potentially lethal during gastrulation, and that apoptosis does not depend on p53. Furthermore, p53 does not regulate expression of genes required for pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs); it contributes to ESC genomic stability and differentiation. Depending on conditions, p53 accelerates initiation of apoptosis in ESCs in response to DNA damage, but cell cycle arrest as well as the rate and extent of apoptosis in ESCs are p53-independent. In embryonic fibroblasts, p53 induces cell cycle arrest to allow repair of DNA damage, and cell senescence to prevent proliferation of cells with extensive damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K. Jaiswal
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sonam Raj
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Melvin L. DePamphilis
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Correspondence:
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