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Fredin B, Letson MM, Rust SW, Crichton KG. Physical abuse re-reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic: The kids are not okay. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 145:106393. [PMID: 37573798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child physical abuse (PA) is a significant societal concern with limited research into predictors of re-reports. OBJECTIVE Our research explores correlations between sociodemographic variables and re-reported PA. Our aim was to characterize populations at higher risk and identify changes in presentation during the COVID-19 pandemic. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This retrospective descriptive study focused on 238 patients with re-reports of PA made by a pediatric hospital from January 2019 through April 2021. METHODS We analyzed sociodemographic information and details of reports made to child protective services (CPS) obtained from the electronic health record. RESULTS Females were 2.5 years older than males (mean 11.0 and 8.5 years, respectively) (p < .001, 95%CI 1.21-3.76). Males were more likely to have observable injuries (OR 2.61, p < .001) and a CPS response (OR = 2.70, p = .003). Patients categorized as "Other" races were less likely to have observable injuries (OR = 0.32, p = .006). Presentation changed during the pandemic: a quadrupling of re-reports by behavioral health clinicians caused the percentage of reports made by them to increase significantly (OR = 3.46, p < .001) and the mean age increased by 2.0 years (8.2 years before, 10.2 years during) (p = .009, 95%CI 0.5-3.5), though females remained approximately 2.2 years older than males (p = .003, 95%CI 0.8-3.7). CONCLUSIONS Males experienced higher rates of re-reported PA and were younger at the time of re-report. Changes to presentation during the pandemic suggest an increase in PA among older children. Future research should further explore differences in sex/race, while current prevention efforts should focus on children receiving behavioral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becca Fredin
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Megan M Letson
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, USA
| | - Steven W Rust
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Kristin Garton Crichton
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, USA
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Leite FMC, Pinto IBA, Luis MA, Iltchenco JH, Laignier MR, Lopes-Júnior LC. Recurring violence against adolescents: an analysis of notifications. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022; 30:e3682. [PMID: 36197390 PMCID: PMC9647893 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6277.3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify the frequency of reported cases of recurring violence against adolescents and their association with victim, violence, and aggressor characteristics. METHOD cross-sectional study conducted with notified data on violence against adolescents, produced by Epidemiological Surveillance and registered in the Information System of Diseases and Notification (SINAN), from 2011 to 2018, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. RESULTS the frequency of recurring violence against adolescents was 46.4%. Higher occurrence was observed among girls (PR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.15 - 1.38) between 10 and 14 years of age (PR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.13 - 1.28), and people with a disability or disorder (PR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.42 - 1.62). Psychological violence/neglect was 30% more prevalent in recurrence than self-harm. Most cases occurred at home (PR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.37 - 1.77). Results showed a 1.11 times higher prevalence of recurring violence perpetrated by aggressors aged 20 years or older and higher evidence in male aggressors (95%CI: 0.97 - 1.17). CONCLUSION recurring violence was associated with victim, aggressor, and event characteristics. Health intersectoriality is crucial to reduce cases of recurring violence. UNLABELLED (1) Frequency of recurring violence against adolescents was 46.4%. (2) Higher recurrence was observed among girls between 10 and 14 years of age. (3) Most cases occurred at home. (4) Recurring violence was associated with victim, aggressor, and event characteristics. (5) Results show 1.11 times > prevalence of recurring violence perpetrated by men ≥ 20 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaura Barros Alves Pinto
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - Mayara Alves Luis
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - José Henrique Iltchenco
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - Mariana Rabello Laignier
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Enfermagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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Shipe SL, Uretsky MC, Shaw TV. Family outcomes in alternative response: A multilevel analysis of recurrence. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2022; 132:106283. [PMID: 35250134 PMCID: PMC8896770 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alternative response (AR) is preventative, family-centered, strengths-based approach within child protective services (CPS). When AR is offered it typically creates a two-track system where low- to moderate-risk families are not subjected to a traditional, fact-finding response that concludes with a determination of child abuse/neglect. One area that continues to concern child welfare administrators and researchers is recurrence, or when a family returns to CPS. Yet, it is unclear whether AR families have the same or different predictors of recurrence than TR families. Using a multilevel analytic approach, the present study followed 17,741 families in one mid-Atlantic state for 18-months post-response to determine what child, family, and county-level predicted a reported re-investigation and a substantiated re-investigation. We found few differences in predictors at the child and family level but found distinct differences at the county level for AR families. Recommendations are provided for policy, practice, and research, including a suggestion for further inquiry on what makes an optimal AR track.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Shipe
- Child Maltreatment Solutions Network, 202 Henderson Building, University Park, PA, 16802, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA and the Department of Social Work, State University of New York – Binghamton University, 67 Washington St., Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Mathew C. Uretsky
- Portland State University, School of Social Work, Portland, OR, NY, USA
| | - Terry, V. Shaw
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Leite FMC, Pinto IBA, Luis MA, Iltchenco Filho JH, Laignier MR, Lopes-Júnior LC. Violencia recurrente contra adolescentes: un análisis de las notificaciones. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6277.3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia de casos notificados de violencia recurrente contra adolescentes y su asociación con las características de la víctima, de la violencia y de los agresores. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con los datos notificados de violencias contra adolescentes, producidos por la Vigilancia Epidemiológica y registrados en el Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (SINAN), de 2011 a 2018, en el estado de Espírito Santo, Brasil. Resultados: la frecuencia de violencia recurrente contra adolescentes fue de 46,4%. Se observó una mayor recurrencia de este agravio en el grupo de niñas (RP: 1,26; IC 95%: 1,15-1.38), en el rango de 10 a 14 años de edad (RP: 1,20; IC 95%: 1,13-1,28), y, personas con discapacidad/trastorno (RP:1,52; IC del 95%: 1,42-1,62). La violencia psicológica/negligencia fue un 30 % más frecuente en la recurrencia que la violencia autoinfligida. La residencia fue el lugar de mayor ocurrencia (RP: 1,56; IC del 95%: 1,37-1,77). Hubo una prevalencia 1,11 veces mayor de violencia recurrente cometida por agresores de 20 años o más y mayor evidencia en agresores masculinos (IC95%: 0,97-1,17). Conclusión: la violencia recurrente se asoció con las características de las víctimas, el agresor y el evento. La intersectorialidad en salud para reducir los casos de reincidencia de la violencia es crucial.
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Leite FMC, Pinto IBA, Luis MA, Iltchenco Filho JH, Laignier MR, Lopes-Júnior LC. Violência recorrente contra adolescentes: uma análise das notificações. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2022; 30:e3682. [PMID: 36197390 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6277.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: identificar a frequência de casos notificados de violência recorrente contra adolescentes e sua associação com as características da vítima, da violência e dos agressores. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com os dados notificados de violências contra adolescentes, produzidos pela Vigilância Epidemiológica e registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN), no período de 2011 a 2018, no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Resultados: a frequência de violência recorrente contra adolescentes foi de 46,4%. Observou-se maior recorrência desse agravo no grupo de meninas (RP: 1,26; IC95%: 1,15-1,38), na faixa de 10 a 14 anos de idade (RP: 1,20; IC95%: 1,13-1,28), e, pessoas com alguma deficiência/transtorno (RP:1,52; IC95%: 1,42-1,62). A violência psicológica/negligência foi 30% mais prevalente de recorrência do que a violência autoprovocada. A residência foi o local de maior ocorrência (RP: 1,56; IC95%: 1,37-1,77). Verificou-se prevalência 1,11 vezes maior de violência recorrente praticada por agressores com 20 anos de idade ou mais e uma evidência maior em agressores do sexo masculino (IC95%: 0,97-1,17). Conclusão: a violência recorrente esteve associada às características das vítimas, do agressor e do evento. A intersetorialidade em saúde para a redução dos casos de reincidência da violência é crucial.
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Waid J, Jeanie Santaularia N, Piescher K, LaLiberte T. A latent class analysis of modifiable risk factors associated with child maltreatment re-reporting and recurrence. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 120:105249. [PMID: 34371323 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maltreatment re-reporting and recurrence represent missed opportunities for prevention and early intervention in child welfare settings. OBJECTIVES This study identified latent classes of risk among families who experienced a child maltreatment re-report or maltreatment recurrence within 12-months of initial case closure. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Administrative child welfare data from a large urban county were subject to secondary analysis. Samples included children who experienced a maltreatment re-report (n = 4390), and children who experienced a second maltreatment substantiation (n = 694). METHODS Five modifiable risk factors (i.e., mental health, substance abuse, domestic violence, disability, parenting challenges) were extracted from the initial investigation and subject to latent class analysis. Case characteristics (i.e., age, gender, race, ethnicity, maltreatment type) were then compared across the latent classes in a post-hoc analysis. RESULTS Re-report classes were characterized by (1) "Few Identified Challenges" (56%, n = 2458), (2) "Mental Health and Domestic Violence Challenges" (26%, n = 1133), and (3) "Substance Abuse, Domestic Violence, Mental Health, and Parenting Challenges" (18%, n = 790). Re-report classes differed according to child age, race, ethnicity, neglect and physical abuse allegations. Recurrence classes were characterized by (1) "Domestic Violence Challenges" (48%, n = 333), (2) "Mental Health Challenges" (15%, n = 104), and (3) "Domestic Violence, Mental Health, and Parenting Challenges" (37%, n = 257). Recurrence classes differed according to child race and age. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the complex and co-occurring nature of maltreatment risk, and provide insights to strengthen assessment and intervention practices to reduce repeated contacts with child welfare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Waid
- School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America; Institute for Translational Research in Children's Mental Health, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America.
| | - N Jeanie Santaularia
- Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America; Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America
| | - Kristine Piescher
- School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America; Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare, School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America
| | - Traci LaLiberte
- School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America; Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare, School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, United States of America
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Leppäkoski T, Vuorenmaa M, Paavilainen E. Psychological and physical abuse towards four-year-old children as reported by their parents: A national Finnish survey. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 118:105127. [PMID: 34139384 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Finnish society, child maltreatment is a health and social problem with harmful consequences. Identifying families at risk may help preventing child maltreatment recurrence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this nationwide retrospective cross-sectional study was to describe the child- and family-related risk factors associated with physical and psychological abuse experienced by 4-year-old children. METHODS This study analyzed nationwide survey data collected by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. Overall, 17,009 parents (46%) visiting at a child health clinic filled out the survey consent form. For 8720 children, one or both parents completed the questionnaire (24%). Analyses were carried out using χ2 tests and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 4-year-olds, 44% had experienced at least one form of psychological abuse and 14% physical abuse. These forms of violence co-occurred in 25% of the reported cases (p < 001). Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment co-occurred in 19.6% of psychological abuse (p < .001) and 22.5% of physical abuse cases (p < .001). Parents exposed to IPV was the risk factor most likely to predict an increased risk for both psychological abuse (OR 4.01, CI 3.41-4.72; p < .001), and physical abuse (OR 2.19, CI 1.81-2.64; p < .001). Approving of hair-pulling or pinching the child (i.e., using corporal punishment) was most likely to predict an increased risk of physical abuse (OR 13.70, CI 11.69-16.06; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the importance of preventing all forms of child maltreatment by identifying families at risk and supporting parenthood according to families' needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Leppäkoski
- Dept of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Maaret Vuorenmaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), City of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eija Paavilainen
- Dept of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Finland; South Ostrobothnia Hospital District, Finland.
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Landers AL, Danes SM, Campbell AR, White Hawk S. Abuse after abuse: The recurrent maltreatment of American Indian children in foster care and adoption. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 111:104805. [PMID: 33307520 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While maltreated children are at risk for recurrent maltreatment, less is known about the maltreatment recurrence of American Indian children in foster and adoptive homes. OBJECTIVE This study examined the recurrent maltreatment of American Indian children in foster and adoptive homes, specifically the physical, emotional, sexual, and spiritual abuse subtypes, as well as poly-victimization of American Indian children in comparison to their White peers. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Data originated from the Experiences of Adopted and Fostered Individuals Project. The sample (n = 230) consisted of 99 American Indian and 131 White participants who experienced foster care and/or adoption during childhood. METHOD Chi-square analyses and a t-test were used to test differences in maltreatment recurrence. Ordinary least squares regression analysis was used to examine the factors that contributed to poly-victimization. RESULTS Both American Indian and White participants reported high rates of emotional abuse. American Indian participants were particularly vulnerable to maltreatment recurrence in the forms of physical, sexual, and spiritual abuse, as well as poly-victimization in their foster and adoptive homes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reflect high rates of maltreatment recurrence in foster care and adoption, which may be the result of retrospective self-report, rather than measures of rereport or substantiated recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Landers
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, United States.
| | - Sharon M Danes
- Department of Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, United States.
| | - Avery R Campbell
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, United States.
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Feely M, Seay KD, Loomis AM. Harsh physical punishment as a mediator between income, re-reports and out-of-home placement in a child protective services-involved population. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2019; 103:70-78. [PMID: 31798200 PMCID: PMC6886717 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Poverty is consistently associated with a higher risk of experiencing child maltreatment, and children from poor families are the majority of children involved in child protective services (CPS). However, the mediators in the relationship from income to CPS involvement are not entirely understood. Using theoretically-informed mediating path models and data from the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II), this study tests the role of harsh physical punishment as a mediator between family income and CPS involvement. CPS involvement was measured by subsequent report of maltreatment and removal to out-of-home care. The direct paths from income to re-report and to removal were significant; with higher income associated with lower risk of report and removal. Lower income was significantly associated with higher rates of harsh physical punishment. However, harsh punishment did not mediate the relationship between income and the outcomes. These results suggest that even within a population primarily comprised of low-income families, lower income is a risk for subsequent reports and removals as well as a risk for higher rates of harsh physical punishment. However, in this sample harsh physical punishment is not the mechanism that results in higher subsequent-reports or removal rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Feely
- University of Connecticut School of Social Work, 38 Prospect Street, Hartford, CT 06103, 959-200-3625
| | - Kristen D. Seay
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Hamilton College, 1512 Pendleton St, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Alysse M. Loomis
- University of Connecticut School of Social Work, 38 Prospect Street, Hartford, CT 06103, 959-200-3625
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Jonson-Reid M, Chiang CJ, Kohl P, Drake B, Brown D, Guo S, Kim H, McBride T. Repeat reports among cases reported for child neglect: A scoping review. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 92:43-65. [PMID: 30927611 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States (US), child welfare policy prioritizes prevention of future harm (e.g., repeat reports) after a report of maltreatment. The majority of reports include some form of child neglect, but no prior review of the recurrence literature has focused on neglect. OBJECTIVE This review sought to help guide future research, policy and practice by summarizing recurrence findings related to child neglect with attention to the broader ecological context in which maltreatment occurs. PARTICIPANTS The final review included 34 US studies of maltreatment recurrence. Twenty-eight studies compared child neglect with at least one other form of maltreatment and six studies examined recurrence among neglect cases. METHODS Eleven online databases were searched to locate relevant empirical studies. This review attended specifically to contextualizing findings according to other modifiable factors as well as methodological variation. A scoping review approach was used to summarize findings. RESULTS Of the 28 studies comparing neglect to other types of maltreatment, 14 found increased risk for neglect, 12 found no association, and two reported a lower risk. When significant, the effect size ranged from 10% to over three times higher risk for neglect. Poverty or material need was the most commonly included control (15 studies), with two thirds finding that lower resource families had higher risk. CONCLUSION Methodological variability across studies confounds current ability to guide practice or policy. More research is needed that can replicate and extend findings with comparable samples and model specifications that take into account the regional and policy context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chien-Jen Chiang
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
| | - Patricia Kohl
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
| | - Brett Drake
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
| | - Derek Brown
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
| | - Shenyang Guo
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
| | - Hyunil Kim
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Timothy McBride
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, United States
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Chng GS, Li D, Chu CM, Ong T, Lim F. Family profiles of maltreated children in Singapore: A latent class analysis. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 79:465-475. [PMID: 29547839 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Children who enter the child protection system often have complex family problems and have experienced early adverse experiences. Using latent class analysis, this study aimed to identify family classes of child protection cases in Singapore, to ascertain the prevalence of these family classes, and to test the association of family class membership to subsequent recurrence of harm. A sample of 440 cases who entered the Child Protective Service in Singapore was analyzed based on eight familial factors on the household and caregiver levels. A four-class solution was found to demonstrate the best fit: (a) the large household group was intergenerational and majority lived with extended family members, (b) the harsh parenting group showed high levels of parenting problems and the caregiver justifying his abuse/neglect, (c) the high criminality group had high levels of caregiver substance abuse and caregiver arrest and incarceration history, and (d) the low disadvantage group rated low on all the familial factors. A Cox Regression revealed that in comparison to the low disadvantage group, the harsh parenting group was twice as likely to have recurrence of harm. There were also differences across family classes with regard to age at entry into child protection, gender composition and abuse types. The findings and practice implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace S Chng
- Centre for Research on Rehabilitation and Protection, Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore.
| | - Dongdong Li
- Centre for Research on Rehabilitation and Protection, Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore
| | - Chi Meng Chu
- Centre for Research on Rehabilitation and Protection, Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore
| | - Tabitha Ong
- Child Protective Service, Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore
| | - Felicia Lim
- Child Protective Service, Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore
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Logan-Greene P, Nurius PS, Hooven C, Thompson EA. Life Course Associations between Victimization and Aggression: Distinct and Cumulative Contributions. CHILD & ADOLESCENT SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL : C & A 2015; 32:269-279. [PMID: 26190899 PMCID: PMC4504828 DOI: 10.1007/s10560-014-0358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The connections between early maltreatment and later aggression are well established in the literature, however gaps remain in our understanding of developmental processes. This study investigates the cascading lifecourse linkages between victimization experiences from childhood through early adulthood andlater aggressive behavior. The diverse, at-risk sample is of particular importance to child and adolescent specialists, as it represents highly vulnerable youth accessible through conventional school settings. In addition to direct pathways from proximal life periods, path analysis revealed significant indirect mediated pathways through which earlier life victimizationcontributes to aggressive behaviors in later life periods as well as revictimization. Multivariateregressions support theorized cumulative effects of multi-form victimization as well as distinct contributions of victimization domains (emotional, witnessing, physical, property, and sexual) in explaining aggressive behavior.Consistent with theorizing about the developmental impact of early maltreatment, results bolster the importance of interrupting pathways from victimization to revictimization and later aggression. Findings are evaluated in light of implications for early identification and prevention programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Logan-Greene
- School of Social Work University at Buffalo 685 Baldy Hall Buffalo, NY 14228 Tel: 716-645-1533
| | - Paula S Nurius
- School of Social Work University of Washington Campus Box: 354900 Seattle, WA 98105-6299
| | - Carole Hooven
- Psychosocial & Community Health University of Washington Box 358732 Seattle, WA 98195-8732
| | - Elaine Adams Thompson
- Psychosocial & Community Health University of Washington Box 358732 Seattle, WA 98195-8732
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