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Moura SR, Sousa AB, Olesen JB, Barbosa MA, Søe K, Almeida MI. Stage-specific modulation of multinucleation, fusion, and resorption by the long non-coding RNA DLEU1 and miR-16 in human primary osteoclasts. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:741. [PMID: 39389940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the only cells able to resorb all the constituents of the bone matrix. While the modulation of osteoclast activity is well established for preventing bone-related diseases, there is an increasing demand for novel classes of anti-resorption agents. Herein, we investigated non-coding RNA molecules and proposed DLEU1 and miR-16 as potential candidates for modulating osteoclast functions. DLEU1 and miR-16 target cell fusion at both the early and late stages of osteoclastogenesis but operate through independent pathways. DLEU1 silencing hinders the fusion process, leading to abrogation of the phagocytic cup fusion modality and a reduction in the fusion events between mononucleated precursors and multinucleated osteoclasts, while miR-16 influences monocyte-to-osteoclast differentiation, impairing osteoclasts formation but not the number of nuclei at early stages. On the other hand, using these non-coding RNAs to engineer mature osteoclasts has implications for bone resorption. Both DLEU1 and miR-16 influence the speed of resorption in pit-forming osteoclasts, without affecting the resorbed area. However, the impact of increasing miR-16 levels extends more broadly, affecting trench-forming osteoclasts as well, leading to a reduction in their percentage, speed, and resorbed area. These findings offer potential new therapeutic targets to ameliorate bone destruction in skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Reis Moura
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Beatriz Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jacob Bastholm Olesen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mário Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kent Søe
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Inês Almeida
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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2
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Klokkaris A, Migdalska-Richards A. An Overview of Epigenetic Changes in the Parkinson's Disease Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6168. [PMID: 38892355 PMCID: PMC11172855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, predominantly of the motor system. Although some genetic components and cellular mechanisms of Parkinson's have been identified, much is still unknown. In recent years, emerging evidence has indicated that non-DNA-sequence variation (in particular epigenetic mechanisms) is likely to play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. Here, we present an up-to-date overview of epigenetic processes including DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs implicated in the brain of those with Parkinson's disease. We will also discuss the limitations of current epigenetic research in Parkinson's disease, the advantages of simultaneously studying genetics and epigenetics, and putative novel epigenetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Migdalska-Richards
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK;
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3
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Cyske Z, Gaffke L, Pierzynowska K, Węgrzyn G. Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs in Fibroblasts from Mucopolysaccharidosis Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020271. [PMID: 36833198 PMCID: PMC9957086 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, changes in the levels of various long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were demonstrated for the first time in fibroblasts derived from patients suffering from 11 types/subtypes of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Some kinds of lncRNA (SNHG5, LINC01705, LINC00856, CYTOR, MEG3, and GAS5) were present at especially elevated levels (an over six-fold change relative to the control cells) in several types of MPS. Some potential target genes for these lncRNAs were identified, and correlations between changed levels of specific lncRNAs and modulations in the abundance of mRNA transcripts of these genes (HNRNPC, FXR1, TP53, TARDBP, and MATR3) were found. Interestingly, the affected genes code for proteins involved in various regulatory processes, especially gene expression control through interactions with DNA or RNA regions. In conclusion, the results presented in this report suggest that changes in the levels of lncRNAs can considerably influence the pathomechanism of MPS through the dysregulation of the expression of certain genes, especially those involved in the control of the activities of other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-523-6024
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4
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Leal AF, Fnu N, Benincore-Flórez E, Herreño-Pachón AM, Echeverri-Peña OY, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Tomatsu S. The landscape of CRISPR/Cas9 for inborn errors of metabolism. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:106968. [PMID: 36525790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery as a genome editing tool, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system has opened new horizons in the diagnosis, research, and treatment of genetic diseases. CRISPR/Cas9 can rewrite the genome at any region with outstanding precision to modify it and further instructions for gene expression. Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM) are a group of more than 1500 diseases produced by mutations in genes encoding for proteins that participate in metabolic pathways. IEM involves small molecules, energetic deficits, or complex molecules diseases, which may be susceptible to be treated with this novel tool. In recent years, potential therapeutic approaches have been attempted, and new models have been developed using CRISPR/Cas9. In this review, we summarize the most relevant findings in the scientific literature about the implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 in IEM and discuss the future use of CRISPR/Cas9 to modify epigenetic markers, which seem to play a critical role in the context of IEM. The current delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas9 are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Leal
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Nidhi Fnu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | | | - Olga Yaneth Echeverri-Peña
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA; University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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5
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Ortuño-Sahagún D, Enterría-Rosales J, Izquierdo V, Griñán-Ferré C, Pallàs M, González-Castillo C. The Role of the miR-17-92 Cluster in Autophagy and Atherosclerosis Supports Its Link to Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192991. [PMID: 36230953 PMCID: PMC9564236 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing the role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), in the regulation of cell function constitutes a current research challenge. Two to six miRNAs can act in clusters; particularly, the miR-17-92 family, composed of miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b-1, and miR-92a is well-characterized. This cluster functions during embryonic development in cell differentiation, growth, development, and morphogenesis and is an established oncogenic cluster. However, its role in the regulation of cellular metabolism, mainly in lipid metabolism and autophagy, has received less attention. Here, we argue that the miR-17-92 cluster is highly relevant for these two processes, and thus, could be involved in the study of pathologies derived from lysosomal deficiencies. Lysosomes are related to both processes, as they control cholesterol flux and regulate autophagy. Accordingly, we compiled, analyzed, and discussed current evidence that highlights the cluster's fundamental role in regulating cellular energetic metabolism (mainly lipid and cholesterol flux) and atherosclerosis, as well as its critical participation in autophagy regulation. Because these processes are closely related to lysosomes, we also provide experimental data from the literature to support our proposal that the miR-17-92 cluster could be involved in the pathogenesis and effects of lysosomal storage diseases (LSD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB) CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (D.O.-S.); (C.G.-C.)
| | - Julia Enterría-Rosales
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vanesa Izquierdo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia González-Castillo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: (D.O.-S.); (C.G.-C.)
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6
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Yang F, Zhang N, Chen Y, Yin J, Xu M, Cheng X, Ma R, Meng J, Du Y. Role of Non-Coding RNA in Neurological Complications Associated With Enterovirus 71. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:873304. [PMID: 35548469 PMCID: PMC9081983 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.873304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main pathogenic virus that causes hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Studies have reported that EV71-induced infections including aseptic meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and even neurogenic pulmonary edema, can progress to severe neurological complications in infants, young children, and the immunosuppressed population. However, the mechanisms through which EV71 causes neurological diseases have not been fully explored. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are RNAs that do not code for proteins, play a key role in biological processes and disease development associated with EV71. In this review, we summarized recent advances concerning the impacts of ncRNAs on neurological diseases caused by interaction between EV71 and host, revealing the potential role of ncRNAs in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of EV71-induced neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiancai Yin
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Muchen Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruyi Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yinan Du, ; Jialin Meng,
| | - Yinan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yinan Du, ; Jialin Meng,
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7
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Does the Expression and Epigenetics of Genes Involved in Monogenic Forms of Parkinson’s Disease Influence Sporadic Forms? Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030479. [PMID: 35328033 PMCID: PMC8951612 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disorder characterized by a triad of motor symptoms (akinesia, rigidity, resting tremor) related to loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly in the Substantia nigra pars compacta. Diagnosis is often made after a substantial loss of neurons has already occurred, and while dopamine replacement therapies improve symptoms, they do not modify the course of the disease. Although some biological mechanisms involved in the disease have been identified, such as oxidative stress and accumulation of misfolded proteins, they do not explain entirely PD pathophysiology, and a need for a better understanding remains. Neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, appear to be the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The latter can alter gene expression by causing epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, post-translational modification of histones and non-coding RNAs. Regulation of genes responsible for monogenic forms of PD may be involved in sporadic PD. This review will focus on the epigenetic mechanisms regulating their expression, since these are the genes for which we currently have the most information available. Despite technical challenges, epigenetic epidemiology offers new insights on revealing altered biological pathways and identifying predictive biomarkers for the onset and progression of PD.
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Pawliński Ł, Polus A, Tobór E, Sordyl M, Kopka M, Solnica B, Kieć-Wilk B. MiRNA Expression in Patients with Gaucher Disease Treated with Enzyme Replacement Therapy. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:life11010002. [PMID: 33375048 PMCID: PMC7822051 DOI: 10.3390/life11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the work was to establish potential biomarkers or drug targets by analysing changes in miRNA concentration among patients with Gaucher disease (GD) compared to in healthy subjects. Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional analysis of 30 adult participants: 10 controls and 20 adults with GD type 1. Patients with GD type 1 were treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for at least two years. The control group was composed of healthy volunteers, unrelated to the patients, adjusted with age, sex and body mass index (BMI). The miRNA alteration between these groups was examined. After obtaining preliminary results on a group of six GD patients by the high-output method (TaqMan low-density array (TLDA)), potential miRNAs were selected for confirming the results by using the qRT-PCR method. With Diane Tools, we analysed miRNAs of which differential expression is most significant and their potential role in GD pathophysiology. We also determined the essential pathways these miRNAs are involved in. Results: 266 dysregulated miRNAs were found among 753 tested. Seventy-eight miRNAs were downregulated, and 188 were upregulated. Thirty miRNAs were significantly altered; all of them were upregulated. The analysis of pathways regulated by the selected miRNAs showed an effect on bone development, inflammation or regulation of axonal transmission in association with Parkinson’s disease. Conclusions: We revealed few miRNAs, like miR-26-5p, which are highly altered and fit the GD pathophysiological model, might be considered as novel biomarkers of disease progression but need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Pawliński
- Clinical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, University Hospital in Krakow, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (Ł.P.); (E.T.); (M.K.)
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Polus
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.P.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Ewa Tobór
- Clinical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, University Hospital in Krakow, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (Ł.P.); (E.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Sordyl
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.P.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Marianna Kopka
- Clinical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, University Hospital in Krakow, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (Ł.P.); (E.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Bogdan Solnica
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.P.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Beata Kieć-Wilk
- Clinical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, University Hospital in Krakow, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (Ł.P.); (E.T.); (M.K.)
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), 31-501 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
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9
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Menozzi E, Schapira AHV. Enhancing the Activity of Glucocerebrosidase as a Treatment for Parkinson Disease. CNS Drugs 2020; 34:915-923. [PMID: 32607746 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-020-00746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). Homozygous or compound heterozygous GBA1 mutations cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease (GD), characterized by deficient activity of the glucocerebrosidase enzyme (GCase). Both individuals with GD type I and heterozygous carriers of pathogenic variants of GBA1 have an increased risk of developing PD, by approximately ten- to 20-fold compared to non-carriers. GCase activity is also reduced in PD patients without GBA1 mutations, suggesting that the GCase lysosomal pathway might be involved in PD pathogenesis. Available evidence indicates that GCase can affect α-synuclein pathology in different ways. Misfolded GCase proteins are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, altering the lysosomal trafficking of the enzyme and disrupting protein trafficking. Also, deficient GCase leads to accumulation of substrates that in turn may bind α-synuclein and promote pathological formation of aggregates. Furthermore, α-synuclein itself can lower the enzymatic activity of GCase, indicating that a bidirectional interaction exists between GCase and α-synuclein. Targeted therapies aimed at enhancing GCase activity, augmenting the trafficking of misfolded GCase proteins by small molecule chaperones, or reducing substrate accumulation, have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms linking GCase to α-synuclein and discusses the therapeutic drugs that by targeting the GCase pathway can influence PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Menozzi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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Glucocerebrosidase: Functions in and Beyond the Lysosome. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030736. [PMID: 32182893 PMCID: PMC7141376 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is a retaining β-glucosidase with acid pH optimum metabolizing the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to ceramide and glucose. Inherited deficiency of GCase causes the lysosomal storage disorder named Gaucher disease (GD). In GCase-deficient GD patients the accumulation of GlcCer in lysosomes of tissue macrophages is prominent. Based on the above, the key function of GCase as lysosomal hydrolase is well recognized, however it has become apparent that GCase fulfills in the human body at least one other key function beyond lysosomes. Crucially, GCase generates ceramides from GlcCer molecules in the outer part of the skin, a process essential for optimal skin barrier property and survival. This review covers the functions of GCase in and beyond lysosomes and also pays attention to the increasing insight in hitherto unexpected catalytic versatility of the enzyme.
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11
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Aerts JMFG, Kuo CL, Lelieveld LT, Boer DEC, van der Lienden MJC, Overkleeft HS, Artola M. Glycosphingolipids and lysosomal storage disorders as illustrated by gaucher disease. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:204-215. [PMID: 31783225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are important building blocks of the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. They are continuously recycled, involving fragmentation inside lysosomes by glycosidases. Inherited defects in degradation cause lysosomal glycosphingolipid storage disorders. The relatively common glycosphingolipidosis Gaucher disease is highlighted here to discuss new insights in the molecular basis and pathophysiology of glycosphingolipidoses reached by fundamental research increasingly using chemical biology tools. We discuss improvements in the detection of glycosphingolipid metabolites by mass spectrometry and review new developments in laboratory diagnosis and disease monitoring as well as therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M F G Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Chi-Lin Kuo
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lindsey T Lelieveld
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne E C Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
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12
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Tarazona S, Bernabeu E, Carmona H, Gómez-Giménez B, García-Planells J, Leonards PEG, Jung S, Conesa A, Felipo V, Llansola M. A Multiomics Study To Unravel the Effects of Developmental Exposure to Endosulfan in Rats: Molecular Explanation for Sex-Dependent Effects. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4264-4279. [PMID: 31464424 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to low levels of environmental contaminants, including pesticides, induces neurodevelopmental toxicity. Environmental and food contaminants can reach the brain of the fetus, affecting brain development and leading to neurological dysfunction. The pesticide endosulfan is a persistent pollutant, and significant levels still remain detectable in the environment although its use is banned in some countries. In rats, endosulfan exposure during brain development alters motor activity, coordination, learning, and memory, even several months after uptake, and does so in a sex-dependent way. However, the molecular mechanisms driving these effects have not been studied in detail. In this work, we performed a multiomics study in cerebellum from rats exposed to endosulfan during embryonic development. Pregnant rats were orally exposed to a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) of endosulfan, daily, from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 21. The progeny was evaluated for cognitive and motor functions at adulthood. Expression of messenger RNA and microRNA genes, as well as protein and metabolite levels, were measured on cerebellar samples from males and females. An integrative analysis was conducted to identify altered processes under endosulfan effect. Effects between males and females were compared. Pathways significantly altered by endosulfan exposure included the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, calcium signaling, the cGMP-PKG pathway, the inflammatory and immune system, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and GABA and taurine metabolism. Sex-dependent effects of endosulfan in the omics results that matched sex differences in cognitive and motor tests were found. These results shed light on the molecular basis of impaired neurodevelopment and contribute to the identification of new biomarkers of neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Tarazona
- Department of Genomics of Gene Expression, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Applied Statistics, Operations Research and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Bernabeu
- Department of Genomics of Gene Expression, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Héctor Carmona
- Department of Genomics of Gene Expression, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Gómez-Giménez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier García-Planells
- IMEGEN, Instituto de Medicina Genómica, S.L. Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Pim E. G. Leonards
- Department of Environment & Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Jung
- Proteome Sciences R&D GmbH & Co. KG, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ana Conesa
- Microbiology and Cell Science Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32603, United States
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32603, United States
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Llansola
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
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13
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Integrated Computational Analysis Highlights unique miRNA Signatures in the Subventricular Zone and Striatum of GM2 Gangliosidosis Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133179. [PMID: 31261761 PMCID: PMC6651736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This work explores for the first time the potential contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs) to the pathophysiology of the GM2 gangliosidosis, a group of Lysosomal Storage Diseases. In spite of the genetic origin of GM2 gangliosidosis, the cascade of events leading from the gene/protein defects to the cell dysfunction and death is not fully elucidated. At present, there is no cure for patients. Taking advantage of the animal models of two forms of GM2 gangliosidosis, Tay-Sachs (TSD) and Sandhoff (SD) diseases, we performed a microRNA screening in the brain subventricular zone (SVZ) and striatum (STR), which feature the neurogenesis and neurodegeneration states, respectively, in adult mutant mice. We found abnormal expression of a panel of miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism, CNS development and homeostasis, and neuropathological processes, highlighting region- and disease-specific profiles of miRNA expression. Moreover, by using a computational analysis approach, we identified a unique disease- (SD or TSD) and brain region-specific (SVZ vs. STR) miRNAs signatures of predicted networks potentially related to the pathogenesis of the diseases. These results may contribute to the understanding of GM2 gangliosidosis pathophysiology, with the aim of developing effective treatments.
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14
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Tang C, Zhou H, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Sha X. Dual Laplacian regularized matrix completion for microRNA-disease associations prediction. RNA Biol 2019; 16:601-611. [PMID: 30676207 PMCID: PMC6546388 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1570811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Since lots of miRNA-disease associations have been verified, it is meaningful to discover more miRNA-disease associations for serving disease diagnosis and prevention of human complex diseases. However, it is not practical to identify potential associations using traditional biological experimental methods since the process is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient computational methods to accomplish this task. In this work, we introduced a matrix completion model with dual Laplacian regularization (DLRMC) to infer unknown miRNA-disease associations in heterogeneous omics data. Specifically, DLRMC transformed the task of miRNA-disease association prediction into a matrix completion problem, in which the potential missing entries of the miRNA-disease association matrix were calculated, the missing association can be obtained based on the prediction scores after the completion procedure. Meanwhile, the miRNA functional similarity and the disease semantic similarity were fully exploited to serve the miRNA-disease association matrix completion by using a dual Laplacian regularization term. In the experiments, we conducted global and local Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOOCV) and case studies to evaluate the efficacy of DLRMC on the Human miRNA-disease associations dataset obtained from the HMDDv2.0 database. As a result, the AUCs of DLRMC is 0.9174 and 0.8289 in global LOOCV and local LOOCV, respectively, which significantly outperform a variety of previous methods. In addition, in the case studies on four significant diseases related to human health including Colon Neoplasms, Kidney neoplasms, Lymphoma and Prostate neoplasms, 90%, 92%, 92% and 94% out of the top 50 predicted miRNAs has been confirmed, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tang
- School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Wuhan University of Technology Hospital, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sha
- Department of Oncology, Huai’an Hongze District People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
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15
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Validation of anti-glucocerebrosidase antibodies for western blot analysis on protein lysates of murine and human cells. Biochem J 2019; 476:261-274. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, encoding the lysosome-resident glucocerebrosidase enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide. The discovery of an association between mutations in GBA1 and the development of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson disease, has directed attention to glucocerebrosidase as a potential therapeutic target for different synucleinopathies. These findings initiated an exponential growth in research and publications regarding the glucocerebrosidase enzyme. The use of various commercial and custom-made glucocerebrosidase antibodies has been reported, but standardized in-depth validation is still not available for many of these antibodies. This work details the evaluation of several previously reported glucocerebrosidase antibodies for western blot analysis, tested on protein lysates of murine gba+/+ and gba−/− immortalized neurons and primary human wild-type and type 2 GD fibroblasts.
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16
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Taguchi YH, Wang H. Exploring MicroRNA Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease from mRNA Expression Profiles. Cells 2018; 7:E245. [PMID: 30563060 PMCID: PMC6315543 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by both motor and nonmotor features. The diagnose of PD is based on a review of patients' signs and symptoms, and neurological and physical examinations. So far, no tests have been devised that can conclusively diagnose PD. In this study, we explore both microRNA and gene biomarkers for PD. Microarray gene expression profiles for PD patients and healthy control are analyzed using a principal component analysis (PCA)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE). 244 genes are selected to be potential gene biomarkers for PD. In addition, we implement these genes into Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and find that the 15 microRNAs (miRNAs), hsa-miR-92a-3p, 16-5p, 615-3p, 877-3p, 100-5p, 320a, 877-5p, 23a-3p, 484, 23b-3p, 15a-5p, 324-3p, 19b-3p, 7b-5p and 505-3p, significantly target these 244 genes. These miRNAs are shown to be significantly related to PD. This reveals that both selected genes and miRNAs are potential biomarkers for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunky-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Hsiuying Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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17
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Davidson BA, Hassan S, Garcia EJ, Tayebi N, Sidransky E. Exploring genetic modifiers of Gaucher disease: The next horizon. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1739-1751. [PMID: 30098107 PMCID: PMC6240360 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in the gene GBA1 that lead to a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Accumulation of the enzyme's substrates, glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine, results in symptoms ranging from skeletal and visceral involvement to neurological manifestations. Nonetheless, there is significant variability in clinical presentations amongst patients, with limited correlation between genotype and phenotype. Contributing to this clinical variation are genetic modifiers that influence the phenotypic outcome of the disorder. In this review, we explore the role of genetic modifiers in Mendelian disorders and describe methods to facilitate their discovery. In addition, we provide examples of candidate modifiers of Gaucher disease, explore their relevance in the development of potential therapeutics, and discuss the impact of GBA1 and modifying mutations on other more common diseases like Parkinson disease. Identifying these important modulators of Gaucher phenotype may ultimately unravel the complex relationship between genotype and phenotype and lead to improved counseling and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad A. Davidson
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shahzeb Hassan
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eric Joshua Garcia
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nahid Tayebi
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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18
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Mo M, Xiao Y, Huang S, Cen L, Chen X, Zhang L, Luo Q, Li S, Yang X, Lin X, Xu P. MicroRNA expressing profiles in A53T mutant alpha-synuclein transgenic mice and Parkinsonian. Oncotarget 2018; 8:15-28. [PMID: 27965467 PMCID: PMC5352072 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
α-synuclein gene mutations can cause α-synuclein protein aggregation in the midbrain of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the metabolism of α-synuclein but the mechanism involved in synucleinopathy remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the miRNA profiles in A53T-α-synuclein transgenic mice and analyzed the candidate miRNAs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PD patients. The 12-month A53T-transgenic mouse displayed hyperactive movement and anxiolytic-like behaviors with α-synuclein aggregation in midbrain. A total of 317,759 total and 289,207 unique small RNA sequences in the midbrain of mice were identified by high-throughput deep sequencing. We found 644 miRNAs were significantly changed in the transgenic mice. Based on the conserved characteristic of miRNAs, we selected 11 candidates from the 40 remarkably expressed miRNAs and explored their expression in 44 CSF samples collected from PD patients. The results revealed that 11 microRNAs were differently expressed in CSF, emphatically as miR-144-5p, miR-200a-3p and miR-542-3p, which were dramatically up-regulated in both A53T-transgenic mice and PD patients, and had a helpful accuracy for the PD prediction. The ordered logistic regression analysis showed that the severity of PD has strong correlation with an up-expression of miR-144-5p, miR-200a-3p and miR-542-3p in CSF. Taken together, our data suggested that miRNAs in CSF, such as miR-144-5p, miR-200a-3p and miR-542-3p, may be useful to the PD diagnosis as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Mo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yousheng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Luan Cen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinling Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Department of Anatomy & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
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19
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Soria FN, Engeln M, Martinez-Vicente M, Glangetas C, López-González MJ, Dovero S, Dehay B, Normand E, Vila M, Favereaux A, Georges F, Lo Bianco C, Bezard E, Fernagut PO. Glucocerebrosidase deficiency in dopaminergic neurons induces microglial activation without neurodegeneration. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:2603-2615. [PMID: 28520872 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) are important risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). In vitro, altered GBA1 activity promotes alpha-synuclein accumulation whereas elevated levels of alpha-synuclein compromise GBA1 function, thus supporting a pathogenic mechanism in PD. However, the mechanisms by which GBA1 deficiency is linked to increased risk of PD remain elusive, partially because of lack of aged models of GBA1 deficiency. As knocking-out GBA1 in the entire brain induces massive neurodegeneration and early death, we generated a mouse model of GBA1 deficiency amenable to investigate the long-term consequences of compromised GBA1 function in dopaminergic neurons. DAT-Cre and GBA1-floxed mice were bred to obtain selective homozygous disruption of GBA1 in midbrain dopamine neurons (DAT-GBA1-KO). Mice were followed for motor function, neuronal survival, alpha-synuclein phosphorylation and glial activation. Susceptibility to nigral viral vector-mediated overexpression of mutated (A53T) alpha-synuclein was assessed. Despite loss of GBA1 and substrate accumulation, DAT-GBA1-KO mice displayed normal motor performances and preserved dopaminergic neurons despite robust microglial activation in the substantia nigra, without accumulation of endogenous alpha-synuclein with respect to wild-type mice. Lysosomal function was only marginally affected. Screening of micro-RNAs linked to the regulation of GBA1, alpha-synuclein or neuroinflammation did not reveal significant alterations. Viral-mediated overexpression of A53T-alpha-synuclein yielded similar neurodegeneration in DAT-GBA1-KO mice and wild-type mice. These results indicate that loss of GBA1 function in mouse dopaminergic neurons is not critical for alpha-synuclein accumulation or neurodegeneration and suggest the involvement of GBA1 deficiency in other cell types as a potential mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico N Soria
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Engeln
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marta Martinez-Vicente
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, CIBERNED and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christelle Glangetas
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - María José López-González
- UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Dovero
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elisabeth Normand
- UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Miquel Vila
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, CIBERNED and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Favereaux
- UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neurosciences, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Georges
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Christophe Lo Bianco
- Neurodegenerative Disease Department, Merck Serono Institute, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Erwan Bezard
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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20
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Lu J, Xu Y, Quan Z, Chen Z, Sun Z, Qing H. Dysregulated microRNAs in neural system: Implication in pathogenesis and biomarker development in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience 2017; 365:70-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Hassan S, Sidransky E, Tayebi N. The role of epigenetics in lysosomal storage disorders: Uncharted territory. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122:10-18. [PMID: 28918065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, to human disease has enhanced our understanding of different cellular processes and diseased states, as well as the effect of environmental factors on phenotypic outcomes. Epigenetic studies may be particularly relevant in evaluating the clinical heterogeneity observed in monogenic disorders. The lysosomal storage disorders are Mendelian disorders characterized by a wide spectrum of associated phenotypes, ranging from neonatal presentations to symptoms that develop in late adulthood. Some lack a tight genotype/phenotype correlation. While epigenetics may explain some of the discordant phenotypes encountered in patients with the same lysosomal storage disorder, especially among patients sharing the same genotype, to date, few studies have focused on these mechanisms. We review three common epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, and highlight their applications to phenotypic variation and therapeutics. Three specific lysosomal storage diseases, Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, and Niemann-Pick type C disease are presented as prototypical disorders with vast clinical heterogeneity that may be impacted by epigenetics. Our goal is to motivate researchers to consider epigenetics as a mechanism to explain the complexities of biological functions and pathologies of these rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzeb Hassan
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Nahid Tayebi
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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22
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Arshad AR, Sulaiman SA, Saperi AA, Jamal R, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Abdul Murad NA. MicroRNAs and Target Genes As Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Early Onset of Parkinson Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:352. [PMID: 29163029 PMCID: PMC5671573 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the neurodegenerative disorders, Parkinson's disease (PD) ranks as the second most common disorder with a higher prevalence in individuals aged over 60 years old. Younger individuals may also be affected with PD which is known as early onset PD (EOPD). Despite similarities between the characteristics of EOPD and late onset PD (LODP), EOPD patients experience much longer disease manifestations and poorer quality of life. Although some individuals are more prone to have EOPD due to certain genetic alterations, the molecular mechanisms that differentiate between EOPD and LOPD remains unclear. Recent findings in PD patients revealed that there were differences in the genetic profiles of PD patients compared to healthy controls, as well as between EOPD and LOPD patients. There were variants identified that correlated with the decline of cognitive and motor symptoms as well as non-motor symptoms in PD. There were also specific microRNAs that correlated with PD progression, and since microRNAs have been shown to be involved in the maintenance of neuronal development, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, there is a strong possibility that these microRNAs can be potentially used to differentiate between subsets of PD patients. PD is mainly diagnosed at the late stage, when almost majority of the dopaminergic neurons are lost. Therefore, identification of molecular biomarkers for early detection of PD is important. Given that miRNAs are crucial in controlling the gene expression, these regulatory microRNAs and their target genes could be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD. In this article, we discussed the genes involved and their regulatory miRNAs, regarding their roles in PD progression, based on the findings of significantly altered microRNAs in EOPD studies. We also discussed the potential of these miRNAs as molecular biomarkers for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R. Arshad
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Siti A. Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Amalia A. Saperi
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azian Abdul Murad
- UKM Medical Centre, UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
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23
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Beaton B, Monzón JLS, Hughes DA, Pastores GM. Gaucher disease: risk stratification and comorbidities. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1385455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Beaton
- Lysosomal Storage Disorder Unit, Royal Free NHS FT and University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Derralynn A. Hughes
- Lysosomal Storage Disorder Unit, Royal Free NHS FT and University College London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology and Palliative Care, Royal Free NHS FT, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gregory M. Pastores
- Department of Medicine/National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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The GBAP1 pseudogene acts as a ceRNA for the glucocerebrosidase gene GBA by sponging miR-22-3p. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12702. [PMID: 28983119 PMCID: PMC5629250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA gene, encoding lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, represent the major predisposing factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and modulation of the glucocerebrosidase activity is an emerging PD therapy. However, little is known about mechanisms regulating GBA expression. We explored the existence of a regulatory network involving GBA, its expressed pseudogene GBAP1, and microRNAs. The high level of sequence identity between GBA and GBAP1 makes the pseudogene a promising competing-endogenous RNA (ceRNA), functioning as a microRNA sponge. After selecting microRNAs potentially targeting both transcripts, we demonstrated that miR-22-3p binds to and down-regulates GBA and GBAP1, and decreases their endogenous mRNA levels up to 70%. Moreover, over-expression of GBAP1 3'-untranslated region was able to sequester miR-22-3p, thus increasing GBA mRNA and glucocerebrosidase levels. The characterization of GBAP1 splicing identified multiple out-of-frame isoforms down-regulated by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, suggesting that GBAP1 levels and, accordingly, its ceRNA effect, are significantly modulated by this degradation process. Using skin-derived induced pluripotent stem cells of PD patients with GBA mutations and controls, we observed a significant GBA up-regulation during dopaminergic differentiation, paralleled by down-regulation of miR-22-3p. Our results describe the first microRNA controlling GBA and suggest that the GBAP1 non-coding RNA functions as a GBA ceRNA.
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25
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Rivera-Barahona A, Pérez B, Richard E, Desviat LR. Role of miRNAs in human disease and inborn errors of metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017; 40:471-480. [PMID: 28229250 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally by base pairing with target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). They are estimated to target ∼60% of all human protein-coding genes and are involved in regulating key physiological processes and intracellular signaling pathways. They also exhibit tissue specificity, and their dysregulation is linked to the progression of pathology. Identifying disease associated miRNAs and their respective targets provides novel molecular insight into disease, enabling the design of new therapeutic strategies. Notably, miRNAs are present in stable form in biological fluids, making them amenable to routine clinical processing and analysis, which has paved the way for their use as novel biomarkers of disease and response to therapy. One of the most relevant findings in miRNA research concerns the therapeutic modulation of specific miRNA levels in vitro and in vivo, which has led to miRNA-based drugs entering clinical trials. Most studies relative to miRNA profiling, association with pathology, and therapeutical modulation have been conducted for cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, for different monogenic diseases, including inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), research contributing to alterations to physiopathology caused by miRNAs is steadily increasing. Herein, we review the biogenesis pathway and mode of miRNA action, their known roles in disease states, and use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers, describing the available research tools for basic and clinical studies. In addition, we summarize recent literature on miRNA studies in inherited metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rivera-Barahona
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), CIBERER, IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), CIBERER, IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Richard
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), CIBERER, IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes R Desviat
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), CIBERER, IdiPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Singh A, Sen D. MicroRNAs in Parkinson's disease. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:2359-2374. [PMID: 28526930 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-4989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease commonly affecting the older population. Loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of brain leads to impairment of motor activities as well as cognitive defects. There are many underlying causes to this disease, both genetic and epigenetic, which are yet to be fully explored. Non-coding RNAs are significant part of our genome and are involved in various cellular processes. MicroRNAs, which are small non-coding RNAs having 20-22 nucleotides, are involved in many underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's. This review focuses on the role played by microRNAs in regulating various genes responsible for the onset and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and various literature evidences pointing at the usefulness of targeting specific microRNAs as a potential alternate therapeutic strategy for successful impairment of the disease progression. This review also discusses about various biofluid-based microRNA markers which may be potentially utilized for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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27
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Feng C, Fu Y, Chen D, Wang H, Su A, Zhang L, Chang L, Zheng N, Wu Z. miR-127-5p negatively regulates enterovirus 71 replication by directly targeting SCARB2. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:747-758. [PMID: 28593131 PMCID: PMC5458453 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease in young children and can cause severe cerebral and pulmonary complications and even fatality. This study aimed at elucidating whether and how EV71 infection is regulated by a cellular microRNA, miR‐127‐5p. We found that miR‐127‐5p can downregulate the expression of SCARB2, a main receptor of EV71, by targeting two potential sites in its 3′ UTR region and inhibit EV71 infection. Meanwhile, miR‐127‐5p expression was upregulated during EV71 infection. Notably, transfecting cells with miR‐127‐5p mimics led to a significant decrease in viral replication, while inhibition of endogenous miR‐127‐5p facilitated viral replication. Furthermore, our evidence showed that miR‐127‐5p did not affect postentry viral replication. Taken together, these results indicated that miR‐127‐5p inhibited EV71 replication by targeting the SCARB2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Feng
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,School of life sciences Nanjing University China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Deyan Chen
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Huanru Wang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Airong Su
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Liang Chang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Nanjing University China.,Medical School and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanjing University China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Nanjing University China.,Medical School and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanjing University China
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28
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Huang Y, Li X, Tao G, Zhu T, Lin J. Comparing serum microRNA levels of acute herpes zoster patients with those of postherpetic neuralgia patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5997. [PMID: 28225487 PMCID: PMC5569417 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is commonly defined as pain persisting for at least 3 months after acute herpes zoster (AHZ) rash presentation. About one-tenth of all acute herpes zoster patients develop PHN. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for infectious diseases; however, there has been no relationship established between circulating miRNAs and PHN to date; the aim of the present investigation was to elucidate this relationship.We compared serum levels of miRNA in PHN and AHZ patients. Twenty-nine patients with PHN and 37 patients with AHZ participated. MiRNA serum levels were determined via TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA) and confirmed individually by RT-qPCR.TLDA results showed that the expression levels of 157 serum miRNAs in PHN patients were distinct from those in AHZ patients. Among these PHN patient serum miRNAs, 17 were upregulated and 139 were downregulated in contrast to those in AHZ patients. Receiver operational characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and RT-qPCR results altogether confirmed that the levels of miR-34c-5p, miR-107, miR-892b, miR-486-3p, and miR-127-5p were notably increased in PHN patients in comparison with those of AHZ patients. These miRNAs in circulation may regulate numerous relevant pathways. A few likely participate in the nervous system and inflammatory reactions.This study is the first to show that the expression profiles of numerous miRNAs vary in the PHN process. Among these, 5 types of serum miRNAs are very likely related to PHN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xihan Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaojian Tao
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Pain, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
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Pereira VG, Queiroz MT, D'Almeida V. Differential expression of microRNAs from miR-17 family in the cerebellum of mucopolysaccharidosis type I mice. Gene 2016; 595:207-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Hoss AG, Labadorf A, Beach TG, Latourelle JC, Myers RH. microRNA Profiles in Parkinson's Disease Prefrontal Cortex. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:36. [PMID: 26973511 PMCID: PMC4772525 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was to compare the microRNA (miRNA) profile of Parkinson's disease (PD) frontal cortex with normal control brain, allowing for the identification of PD specific signatures as well as study the disease-related phenotypes of onset age and dementia. Methods: Small RNA sequence analysis was performed from prefrontal cortex for 29 PD samples and 33 control samples. After sample QC, normalization and batch correction, linear regression was employed to identify miRNAs altered in PD, and a PD classifier was developed using weighted voting class prediction. The relationship of miRNA levels to onset age and PD with dementia (PDD) was also characterized in case-only analyses. Results: One twenty five miRNAs were differentially expressed in PD at a genome-wide level of significance (FDR q < 0.05). A set of 29 miRNAs classified PD from non-diseased brain (93.9% specificity, 96.6% sensitivity). The majority of differentially expressed miRNAs (105/125) showed an ordinal relationship from control, to PD without dementia (PDN), to PDD. Among PD brains, 36 miRNAs classified PDD from PDN (sensitivity = 81.2%, specificity = 88.9%). Among differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-10b-5p had a positive association with onset age (q = 4.7e-2). Conclusions: Based on cortical miRNA levels, PD brains were accurately classified from non-diseased brains. Additionally, the PDD miRNA profile exhibited a more severe pattern of alteration among those differentially expressed in PD. To evaluate the clinical utility of miRNAs as potential clinical biomarkers, further characterization and testing of brain-related miRNA alterations in peripheral biofluids is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Hoss
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
| | - Adam Labadorf
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston UniversityBoston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jeanne C Latourelle
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard H Myers
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston UniversityBoston, MA, USA; Genome Science Institute, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
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31
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de Queiroz MT, Pereira VG, do Nascimento CC, D’Almeida V. The Underexploited Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:133. [PMID: 27708618 PMCID: PMC5030823 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a functional class of RNA involved in the regulation of several cellular processes which may modulate disease onset, progression, and prognosis. Lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) are a group of rare disorders caused by mutations of genes encoding specific hydrolases or non-enzymatic proteins, characterized by a wide spectrum of manifestations. The alteration of ncRNA levels is well established in several human diseases such as cancer and auto-immune disorders; however, there is a lack of information focused on the role of ncRNA in rare diseases. Recent reports related to changes in ncRNA expression and its consequences on LSD physiopathology show us the importance to keep advancing in this field. This article will summarize recent findings and provide key points for further studies on LSD and ncRNA association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Trovão de Queiroz
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Gonçalves Pereira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Castro do Nascimento
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia D’Almeida
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Vânia D’Almeida,
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, Grobler AF. Advances in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease--Pathology, presentation and therapies. Neurochem Int 2015; 93:6-25. [PMID: 26743617 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
GBA mutations are to date the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The GBA gene encodes the lysomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase. Whilst bi-allelic GBA mutations cause Gaucher disease, both mono- and bi-allelic mutations confer risk for Parkinson's disease. Clinically, Parkinson's disease patients with GBA mutations resemble idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients. However, these patients have a modest reduction in age-of-onset of disease and a greater incidence of cognitive decline. In some cases, GBA mutations are also responsible for familial Parkinson's disease. The accumulation of α-synuclein into Lewy bodies is the central neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Pathologic GBA mutations reduce enzymatic function. A reduction in glucocerebrosidase function increases α-synuclein levels and propagation, which in turn inhibits glucocerebrosidase in a feed-forward cascade. This cascade is central to the neuropathology of GBA-associated Parkinson's disease. The lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 is necessary for normal glucocerebrosidase function. Glucocerebrosidase dysfunction also increases in the accumulation of β-amyloid and amyloid-precursor protein, oxidative stress, neuronal susceptibility to metal ions, microglial and immune activation. These factors contribute to neuronal death. The Mendelian Parkinson's disease genes, Parkin and ATP13A2, intersect with glucocerebrosidase. These factors sketch a complex circuit of GBA-associated neuropathology. To clinically interfere with this circuit, central glucocerebrosidase function must be improved. Strategies based on reducing breakdown of mutant glucocerebrosidase and increasing the fraction that reaches the lysosome has shown promise. Breakdown can be reduced by interfering with the ability of heat-shock proteins to recognize mutant glucocerebrosidase. This underlies the therapeutic efficacy of certain pharmacological chaperones and histone deacetylase inhibitors. These therapies are promising for Parkinson's disease, regardless of mutation status. Recently, there has been a boom in studies investigating the role of glucocerebrosidase in the pathology of Parkinson's disease. This merits a comprehensive review of the current cell biological processes and pathological pictures involving Parkinson's disease associated with GBA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229, The Netherlands.
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Witwatersrand University Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Anne F Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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