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Rasmussen CA, Quadri A, Vucko E, Kim K, Hickey R, Baker JJ, Charrow J, Prada CE. Treatment-naive and post-treatment glucosylsphingosine (lyso-GL1) levels in a cohort of pediatric patients with Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab 2024; 141:107736. [PMID: 38000346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Glucosylsphingosine (lyso-GL1) is a biomarker used to monitor disease and treatment response in Gaucher disease. Data from adults show that higher values of lyso-GL1 are associated with increased disease progression, however similar data in the pediatric population is lacking. In a cohort of pediatric patients, we present a relationship between lyso-GL1 value and Gaucher type, age, and treatment response. Data from this study may serve as a reference for providers monitoring children with Gaucher disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly A Rasmussen
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Allegra Quadri
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Erika Vucko
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Katherine Kim
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Rachel Hickey
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Joshua J Baker
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Joel Charrow
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
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Serrano-Gonzalo I, de Frutos LL, Lahoz-Gil C, Delgado-Mateos F, Fernández-Galán MÁ, Morales-Conejo M, Calle-Gordo MV, Ibarretxe-Gerediaga D, Madinaveitia-Ochoa A, Albarracin-Arraigosa A, Balanzat-Muñoz J, Correcher-Medina P, García-Frade LJ, Hernández-Rivas JM, Labbadia F, López-Dupla JM, Lozano-Almela ML, Mora-Casterá E, Noya-Pereira MS, Ruíz-Guinaldo MÁ, Del Mar Tormo-Díaz M, Vitoria-Miñana I, Arévalo-Vargas I, Andrade-Campos M, Giraldo P. Real life data: follow-up assessment on Spanish Gaucher disease patients treated with eliglustat. TRAZELGA project. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:390. [PMID: 38102667 PMCID: PMC10722815 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of multiple treatments for type 1 Gaucher disease increases the need for real-life studies to evaluate treatment efficacy and safety and provide clinicians with more information to choose the best personalized therapy for their patients. AIMS To determine whether treatment with eliglustat produces, in adult GD1 patients, ans optimal response in daily clinical practice. METHODS We designed a real-life study with 2 years of follow-up (TRAZELGA [GEE-ELI-2017-01]) to uniformly evaluate the response and adverse events to eliglustat treatment. This study, conducted in 30 patients across Spain and previously treated with other therapies, included the evaluation of safety and efficacy by assessing visceral enlargement, bone disease (DEXA and T and Z scores), concomitant treatments and adverse events, as well as a quality of life evaluation (SF-36). In addition, the quantification of classical biomarkers (chitotriosidase activity, CCL18/PARC and glucosylsphingosine (GluSph)) and new candidates for GD biomarkers (YKL-40, cathepsin S, hepcidin and lipocalin-2 determined by immunoassay) were also assessed. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. MAIN RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled in the study. The median age was 41.5 years and the male-female ratio was 1.1:1. 84% of the patients had received ERT and 16% SRT as previous treatment. The most common symptoms at baseline were fatigue (42%) and bone pain (38%), no patient had a bone crisis during the study, and two years after switching, 37% had reduced their use of analgesics. Patient-reported outcomes showed a significant increase in physical function scores (p = 0.027) and physical pain scores (p = 0.010). None of the enrolled patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events, which were mild and transient in nature, mainly gastrointestinal and skin dryness. None of the biomarkers show a significant increase or decompensation after switching. CCL18/PARC (p = 0.0012), YKL-40 (p = 0.00004) and lipocalin-2 (p = 0.0155) improved after two years and GluSph after one year (p = 0.0008) and two years (p = 0.0245) of oral therapy. CONCLUSION In summary, this real-life study, showed that eliglustat maintains stability and can improve quality of life with few side effects. Significant reductions in classic and other novel biomarkers were observed after two years of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Serrano-Gonzalo
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Enfermedad de Gaucher (GIIS-012), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Laura López de Frutos
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Carlos Lahoz-Gil
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain
| | - Francisco Delgado-Mateos
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Punta de Europa, Cádiz, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Fernández-Galán
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Virgen del Puerto, Plasencia, Spain
| | | | - María Victoria Calle-Gordo
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital de Torrecardenas, Almería, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe-Gerediaga
- Unitat de Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme (UVASMET), Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitari San Joan, CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | | | | | - José Balanzat-Muñoz
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Can Misses, Ibiza, Spain
| | | | - Luis Javier García-Frade
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús María Hernández-Rivas
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca and Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francesca Labbadia
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital de La Vega Lorenzo Guirao, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - María Luisa Lozano-Almela
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elvira Mora-Casterá
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Soledad Noya-Pereira
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Teresa Herrera, A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Ruíz-Guinaldo
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Comarcal Francesc de Borja, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Tormo-Díaz
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isidro Vitoria-Miñana
- Unidad de Nutrición y Metabolopatías, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isidro Arévalo-Vargas
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Enfermedad de Gaucher (GIIS-012), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Marcio Andrade-Campos
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Pilar Giraldo
- Fundación Española para el Estudio y Terapéutica de la Enfermedad de Gaucher y otras lisosomales (FEETEG), Saragossa, Spain.
- Grupo Español de Enfermedades de Depósito Lisosomal (GEEDL), Sociedad Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Saragossa, Spain.
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital QuirónSalud, Saragossa, Spain.
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Van Baelen A, Roosens L, Devos S, Verhulst S, Eyskens F. A new multiplex analysis of glucosylsphingosine and globotriaosylsphingosine in dried blood spots by tandem mass spectrometry. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 37:100993. [PMID: 37649874 PMCID: PMC10462886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gaucher's and Fabry's disease are two of the most common treatable lysosomal storage diseases, and have a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms. Early detection is important, because timely initiation of treatments can improve the disease status and prevent complications. However disease manifestations develop in childhood, diagnosis is delayed until adulthood partly due to the limitations of the currently used diagnostic pathway. The aim of this research is to develop and validate a multiplex assay and defining reference ranges, which do not exist at this moment, to improve and facilitate the entire diagnostic work up and enable treatment in an earlier stage of disease. Methods and findings Biomarkers glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph) and globotriaosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb3) were detected and quantified using LC-MS/MS on dried blood spots. We developed an improved and new extraction method that allowed to measure GlcSph and Lyso-Gb3 in a multiplex analytical platform. After validation of the method, samples of 1480 individuals with normal enzymatic activity were collected to determine age and gender-related reference ranges.Our combination method showed a good linearity, precision, accuracy and limit of quantification with lack of carry-over following the specific international CLSI guidelines. The suggested protocol is robust, efficient, sensitive, specific, comprehensive and relatively cheap in order to accelerate the diagnostic process for both lysosomal storage diseases. The samples, with normal enzymatic activity, defined statistical relevant and clinical correct reference ranges for each specific age group by gender. Conclusion We report a multiplex LC-MS/MS method and relevant reference ranges that are appropriate for the targeted screening, diagnosis and follow-up of Fabry and Gaucher disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Van Baelen
- Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, UZA, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Pediatric Department, UZA, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | - Stijn Verhulst
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Pediatric Department, UZA, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - François Eyskens
- Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, UZA, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Pediatric Department, UZA, Antwerp, Belgium
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Sato S, Matsumoto SI, Kosugi Y. Quantitation and characterization of glucosylsphingosine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, and brain of monkey model with Gaucher disease. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 53:100530. [PMID: 37924723 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2023.100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with conduritol-β-epoxide (CBE) in preclinical species is expected to be a powerful approach to generate animal models of Gaucher disease (GD) and Parkinson's disease associated with heterozygous mutations in Glucocerebrosidase (GBA-PD). However, it is not fully elucidated how quantitatively the change in glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlates with that in the brain, which is expected to be clinically informative. Herein, we aimed to investigate the correlation with successfully quantified GlcSph in monkey CSF by developing highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. The GlcSph in normal monkey CSF was 0.635 ± 0.177 pg/mL at baseline and increased by CBE treatment at 3 mg/kg daily for five days up to a moderate level, comparable to that in GD patients. The balance between GlcSph and galactosylsphingosine (GalSph) in the CSF matched that in the brain rather than plasma. In addition, GlcSph in the CSF was increased, accompanied by that in the brain at a dose of 3 mg/kg daily. These results indicate that GlcSph in the CSF is worth evaluating for concentration changes in the brain. Thus, this model can be useful for evaluating GBA-related diseases such as GD and GBA-PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Sato
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Preclinical & Translational Sciences, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Shonan Health Innovation Park, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichi Matsumoto
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Preclinical & Translational Sciences, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Shonan Health Innovation Park, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yohei Kosugi
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Preclinical & Translational Sciences, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Shonan Health Innovation Park, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
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Duminuco A, Fazio M, Grasso S, Gullo L, Riccobene C, Calafiore V, Markovic U, Di Raimondo F, Giuffrida G. Effectiveness and Safety of Eliglustat Treatment in Gaucher Disease: Real-life Unicentric Experience. Clin Ther 2023; 45:1105-1110. [PMID: 37722956 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The therapy and management of Gaucher disease (GD) have radically changed with the use of substrate reduction therapy, of which eliglustat is the most widely known drug, allowing it to overcome the limits of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The rarity of GD and the limited use of eliglustat outside clinical trials require further study of its strengths and weaknesses. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of eliglustat in a cohort of 12 patients with GD followed up in our center, reporting a reduction in both chitotriosidase (394.3 vs 181.1 nmol/h/mL, P = 0.027) and glucosylsphingosine values (45.1 vs 18.9 ng/mL, P <0.001) after at least 12 months of therapy compared with baseline, regardless of patient demographic characteristics and GD characteristics. FINDINGS There were no drug-related serious adverse effects and no drug-related cardiac events. Most adverse events were mild and transient, mainly dyspepsia and abdominal pain. Of interest, we reported an absence of statistical difference in terms of response regarding glucosylsphingosine reduction in relation to naive or prior exposure to ERT (P = 0.296), which was confirmed also when patients were placed in naive and treated groups for <5 vs >5 years (P = 0.667). IMPLICATIONS The use of eliglustat immediately after diagnosis may guarantee the best treatment for patients with milder phenotypes or with aggressive disease after an initial stabilization with ERT compared with ERT, which cannot adequately remove the disease burden despite the apparent response, thus potentially reducing future complications caused by substrate deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Duminuco
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Manlio Fazio
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Stephanie Grasso
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Lara Gullo
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Riccobene
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Calafiore
- U.O.C. Hematology and Oncology, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Uros Markovic
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, CHIRMED, Sezione di Ematologia, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Giuffrida
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico "G.Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy.
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Peterschmitt MJ, Foster MC, Ji AJ, Zajdel MB, Cox GF. Plasma glucosylsphingosine correlations with baseline disease burden and response to eliglustat in two clinical trials of previously untreated adults with Gaucher disease type 1. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:107527. [PMID: 36739645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1), accumulation of the lipid substrates glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine (lyso-GL-1 or lyso-Gb1), primarily in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow, leads to progressive hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and skeletal disease. Plasma glucosylceramide elevations are modest, variable, and normalize within weeks of starting treatment before clinical changes are evident, and therefore, have limited value for monitoring treatment responses. Serum chitotriosidase activity, a widely used GD biomarker, is also elevated in many other conditions but is not measurable in 5-10% of individuals due to a common CHIT1 null variant. Plasma glucosylsphingosine is increasingly recognized as a useful biomarker for GD1: elevations are highly specific to the disease and show no overlap with normal controls, it is in the causal pathway of disease, and levels are reliably measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We report correlations of plasma glucosylsphingosine with baseline disease burden and eliglustat treatment response in previously untreated adults with GD1 in the Phase 2 (NCT00358150), open-label, single-arm trial of 26 patients with up to 8 years of follow-up and the placebo-controlled Phase 3 ENGAGE trial (NCT00891202) of 40 patients with up to 4.5 years of follow-up. At baseline, untreated patients showed moderate to strong correlations between plasma glucosylsphingosine and spleen volume, liver volume, and hemoglobin level. Organ volumes and hematologic parameters improved in parallel with reductions in plasma glucosylsphingosine during eliglustat treatment in both trials. Moderate correlations were seen between plasma glucosylsphingosine reduction and spleen and liver volume reductions during eliglustat treatment. These clinical trial data add to the growing body of evidence supporting plasma glucosylsphingosine as both a diagnostic and pharmacodynamic/response biomarker for GD1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gerald F Cox
- Gerald Cox Rare Care Consulting, Needham, MA, USA
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Giuffrida G, Markovic U, Condorelli A, Calafiore V, Nicolosi D, Calagna M, Grasso S, Ragusa MTV, Gentile J, Napolitano M. Glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1) as a reliable biomarker in Gaucher disease: a narrative review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:27. [PMID: 36782327 PMCID: PMC9926807 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare, inherited, autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, acid β-glucosidase. Its diagnosis is achieved via measurements of acid β-glucosidase activity in either fresh peripheral blood leukocytes or dried blood spots, and confirmed by identifying characteristic mutations in the GBA1 gene. Currently, several biomarkers are available for disease monitoring. Chitotriosidase has been used over the last 20 years to assess the severity of GD, but lacks specificity in GD patients. Conversely, the deacylated form of glucosylceramide, glucosylsphingosine (also known as lyso-Gb1), represents a more reliable biomarker characterized by its high sensitivity and specificity in GD. MAIN TEXT Herein, we review the current literature on lyso-Gb1 and describe evidence supporting its usefulness as a biomarker for diagnosing and evaluating disease severity in GD and monitoring treatment efficacy. CONCLUSION Lyso-Gb1 is the most promising biomarker of GD, as demonstrated by its reliability in reflecting disease burden and monitoring treatment response. Furthermore, lyso-Gb1 may play an important role in the onset of monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, multiple myeloma, and Parkinson's disease in GD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Giuffrida
- Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.
| | - Uros Markovic
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy ,Oncohematology and BMT Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy ,grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Annalisa Condorelli
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy ,grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Postgraduate School of Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Calafiore
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Nicolosi
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Marianna Calagna
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy ,grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Postgraduate School of Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stephanie Grasso
- grid.412844.f0000 0004 1766 6239Division of Haematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariasanta Napolitano
- grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Afzal R, Shim WS. Activation of serotonin receptor 2 by glucosylsphingosine can be enhanced by TRPA1 but not TRPV1: Implication of a novel glucosylsphingosine-mediated itch pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2022; 1864:184014. [PMID: 35908608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glucosylsphingosine (GS) is an endogenous sphingolipid that specifically accumulates in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Notably, it was recently found that GS can induce itch sensation by activating serotonin receptor 2A and TRPV4 ion channels. However, it is still uncertain whether other molecules are involved in GS-induced itch sensation. Therefore, by using the calcium imaging technique, we investigated whether serotonin receptor 2 - specifically 2A and 2B - can interact with TRPV1 and TRPA1, because these are representative ion channels in the transmission of itch. As a result, it was found that GS did not activate TRPV1 or TRPA1 per se. Moreover, cells expressing both serotonin receptor 2 and TRPV1 did not show any changes in calcium responses. However, enhanced calcium responses were observed in cells expressing serotonin receptor 2 and TRPA1, suggesting a possible interaction between these two molecules. Similar synergistic effects were also observed in cells expressing serotonin receptor 2 and TRPA1, but not TRPV1. Furthermore, a phospholipase C inhibitor (U73122) and a store-operated calcium entry blocker (SKF96365) significantly reduced GS-induced responses in cells expressing both serotonin receptor 2 and TRPA1, but not with pre-treatment with a Gβγ-complex blocker (gallein). Therefore, we propose a putative novel pathway for GS-induced itch sensation, such that serotonin receptor 2 could be coupled to TRPA1 but not TRPV1 in sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Afzal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Incheon St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 58 Dongsu-ro, Bupyeong-gu, Incheon 403-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sik Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambangmoe-ro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hambangmoe-ro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Sanjel B, Kim BH, Song MH, Carstens E, Shim WS. Glucosylsphingosine evokes pruritus via activation of 5-HT 2A receptor and TRPV4 in sensory neurons. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2193-2207. [PMID: 34766332 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucosylsphingosine (GS), an endogenous sphingolipid, is highly accumulated in the epidermis of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) due to abnormal ceramide metabolism. More importantly, GS can evoke scratching behaviors. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which GS induces pruritus has been elusive. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the molecular signaling pathway of GS, especially at the peripheral sensory neuronal levels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Calcium imaging was used to investigate the responses of HEK293T cells or mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to application of GS. Scratching behavior tests were also performed with wild-type and Trpv4 knockout mice. KEY RESULTS GS activated DRG neurons in a manner involving both the 5-HT2A receptor and TRPV4. Furthermore, GS-induced responses were significantly suppressed by various inhibitors, including ketanserin (5-HT2A receptor antagonist), YM254890 (Gαq/11 inhibitor), gallein (Gβγ complex inhibitor), U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor), bisindolylmaleimide I (PKC inhibitor), and HC067047 (TRPV4 antagonist). Moreover, DRG neurons from Trpv4 knockout mice exhibited significantly reduced responses to GS. Additionally, GS-evoked scratching behaviors were greatly decreased by pretreatment with inhibitors of either 5-HT2A receptor or TRPV4. As expected, GS-evoked scratching behavior was also significantly decreased in Trpv4 knockout mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Overall, the present study provides evidence for a novel molecular signaling pathway for GS-evoked pruritus, which utilizes both 5-HT2A receptor and TRPV4 in mouse sensory neurons. Considering the high accumulation of GS in the epidermis of patients with AD, GS could be another pruritogen in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babina Sanjel
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hyun Song
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Earl Carstens
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Won-Sik Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Dubot P, Rafiq M, Curot J, Simonetta-Moreau M, Sabourdy F, Pettazzoni M, Froissart R, Levade T, Ory-Magne F. A diagnosis of progressive myoclonic ataxia guided by blood biomarkers. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021:S1353-8020(21)00247-9. [PMID: 34275752 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Stiles AR, Huggins E, Fierro L, Jung SH, Balwani M, Kishnani PS. The role of glucosylsphingosine as an early indicator of disease progression in early symptomatic type 1 Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 27:100729. [PMID: 33614410 PMCID: PMC7876627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD), a lysosomal storage disorder caused by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency, results in the accumulation of glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine. Glucosylsphingosine has emerged as a sensitive and specific biomarker for GD and treatment response. However, limited information exists on its role in guiding treatment decisions in pre-symptomatic patients identified at birth or due to a positive family history. We present two pediatric patients with GD1 and highlight the utility of glucosylsphingosine monitoring in guiding treatment initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee R. Stiles
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erin Huggins
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Luca Fierro
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seung-Hye Jung
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Manisha Balwani
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Priya S. Kishnani
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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12
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Tang C, Jia X, Tang F, Liu S, Jiang X, Zhao X, Sheng H, Peng M, Liu L, Huang Y. Detection of glucosylsphingosine in dried blood spots for diagnosis of Gaucher disease by LC-MS/MS. Clin Biochem 2020; 87:79-84. [PMID: 33188770 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by a deficiency of β-glucosidase (GCase), leading to accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcC) and glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1). Lyso-Gb1 is a reliable biomarker for GD. OBJECTIVES This study aims to develop a simple, effective and accurate method for the screening and diagnosis of GD using dried blood spot (DBS) samples. METHODS Lyso-Gb1 in DBS was extracted by 50% acetonitrile aqueous solution containing isotope-labeled internal standard and analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A reference interval was established by analyzing samples from 277 healthy controls. Lyso-Gb1 was detected in the residual DBS samples from 142 high-risk patients with splenomegaly and/or thrombocytopenia. Based on GCase activity in DBS, samples were classified into four groups: confirmed GD patients (n = 52), GD carriers (n = 5), false positive (n = 36) and negative (n = 49). RESULTS The optimized Lyso-Gb1 assay showed intra- and inter-assay variations ranged between 2.0%-8.2% and 3.8%-10.2%, respectively. Accuracies ranged from 93.5% to 112.6%. The lowest limit of quantification was 1 ng/mL. The normal reference interval of Lyso-Gb1 in DBS ranged from 2.1 to 9.9 ng/mL. Among the 142 subjects, except for one GD patient (Lyso-Gb1 > 2500 ng/mL), the Lyso-Gb1 concentrations in 51 GD patients ranged from 190.5 to 2380.6 ng/mL (the median 614.8 ng/mL). Also, one negative patient was found to have an elevated Lyso-Gb1 level (684.5 ng/mL), while the other patients were normal. The negative case was then confirmed to be an atypical GD patient with a c.1091A > G (p.Y364C) homozygous variant in PSAP gene by next generation sequencing. CONCLUSIONS The optimized method to determine Lyso-Gb1 in DBS was demonstrated as a useful tool for the screening and diagnosis of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfang Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefang Jia
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sichi Liu
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Jiang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiying Sheng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minzhi Peng
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonglan Huang
- Guangzhou Newborn Screening Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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13
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Zhan X, Zhang HW, Gao XL, Gu XF, Chen LJ, Guo RB. [Application of plasma glucosylsphingosine detection in the follow-up of patients with Gaucher disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:3169-73. [PMID: 33142401 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200717-02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Explore the application of plasma glucosylsphingosine level in the follow-up treatment of patients with Gaucher disease. Methods: Two groups of patients with Gaucher disease were enrolled, who regularly received imiglucerase treatment in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between January 2017 and July 2020. Group 1 was 6 initially treated patients, including 1 case of chitotriosidase deficiency, aged 10-43 years old, 4 females and 2 males. The blood routine test, chitotriosidase activity and plasma glucosylsphingosine level were measured during pre-and post-treatment. Group 2 were 6 cases of Gaucher disease including 3 cases of chitotriosidase deficiency, who received long-term specific treatment in the same hospital, aged 17 to 32 years, 2 females and 4 males. The plasma glucosylsphingosine level was detected in the follow-up treatment during January 2017 to July 2020. Results: Patients in group 1 had a significant increase in plasma platelets after 12 months of treatment (P<0.05), and also a significant increase in plasma hemoglobin after 30 months of treatment (P<0.05). The chitotriosidase activity of 5 patients in group 1 significantly decreased after 18 months of treatment (P<0.05), the median value of the chitotriosidase activity decreased by 7 278 nmol·ml(-1)·h(-1) at 30 months of treatment. While only 3 months after treatment, the plasma glucosylsphingosine levels of 6 patients in group 1 decreased significantly (P<0.05), the median value of the glucosylsphingosine levels decreased by 259.7 μg/L at 30 months of treatment. The plasma glucosylsphingosine levels in group 1 patients were positively correlated with chitotriosidase activity, with spearman of 0.863, P<0.001. In group 2, 6 patients with Gaucher disease that had been treated for a long period of time, showed normal peripheral blood routine tests, normal liver and spleen volume. However, the plasma glucosphingosine levels in group 2 patients decreased significantly during 2017-2020 (P<0.05). Compare to the initial values, the median value of the last glucosphingosine levels in group 2 patients had been reduced by 23.4 μg/L. Conclusion: The detection of plasma glucosylsphingosine levels in patients with Gaucher disease could be used for short-term and long-term follow-up of treatment.
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14
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Nair S, Bar N, Xu ML, Dhodapkar M, Mistry PK. Glucosylsphingosine but not Saposin C, is the target antigen in Gaucher disease-associated gammopathy. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:286-291. [PMID: 32044242 PMCID: PMC8223251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1), genetic deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase results in the accumulation of glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph), that underlie chronic lipid-mediated metabolic inflammation. An important age-related phenotype is high risk of monoclonal gammopathy (MG), including multiple myeloma. We identified GlcSph, a pathological lyso-sphingolipid exclusively elevated in GD, as a mediator of B cell activation and as an antigenic target for GD1-associated MG. Saposin C (SapC), is a lipid-binding protein and activator of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, which when mutated, cause a rare variant of GD. Sera of GD1 patients with MG of diverse immunoglobulin types were compared to GD patients without gammopathy for reactivity against GlcSph and SapC. We show reactivity of clonal immunoglobulin in GD1 to GlcSph but not to SapC. In two patients with GD1 and gammopathy, GlcSph-reduction therapy with eliglustat resulted in reduction in clonal Ig. Together, our data show that GlcSph but not SapC is the antigenic target in GD1-associated MG and that therapy aimed at reducing the levels of immunogenic lipid resulted in reduction of clonal immunoglobulin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiny Nair
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Noffar Bar
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mina L Xu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Madhav Dhodapkar
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pramod K Mistry
- Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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15
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Aerts JMFG, Kuo CL, Lelieveld LT, Boer DEC, van der Lienden MJC, Overkleeft HS, Artola M. Glycosphingolipids and lysosomal storage disorders as illustrated by gaucher disease. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:204-215. [PMID: 31783225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are important building blocks of the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. They are continuously recycled, involving fragmentation inside lysosomes by glycosidases. Inherited defects in degradation cause lysosomal glycosphingolipid storage disorders. The relatively common glycosphingolipidosis Gaucher disease is highlighted here to discuss new insights in the molecular basis and pathophysiology of glycosphingolipidoses reached by fundamental research increasingly using chemical biology tools. We discuss improvements in the detection of glycosphingolipid metabolites by mass spectrometry and review new developments in laboratory diagnosis and disease monitoring as well as therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M F G Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Chi-Lin Kuo
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lindsey T Lelieveld
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne E C Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
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16
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Charkhand B, Scantlebury MH, Narita A, Zimran A, Al-Hertani W. Effect of Ambroxol chaperone therapy on Glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1) levels in two Canadian patients with type 3 Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 20:100476. [PMID: 31467847 PMCID: PMC6713848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 3 Gaucher disease (GD3) is characterized by progressive neurological features in addition to the typical systemic manifestations. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), the main stay treatment for Gaucher disease (GD), is not efficacious for the neurological manifestations. Ambroxol, in combination with ERT has been suggested to have potential as a promising therapy for patients with GD3. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of Ambroxol on glucosylsphingosine (Lyso-Gb1) levels, and on the neurological morbidity, in two Canadian patients with GD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behshad Charkhand
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Morris H Scantlebury
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aya Narita
- Institute of Neurological Science, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ari Zimran
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Walla Al-Hertani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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Chuang WL, Pacheco J, Hoxha D, Sanderink G, Sung C. Galactosylsphingosine does not interfere with the quantitation of plasma glucosylsphingosine levels in Gaucher patients. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 494:48-51. [PMID: 30858093 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the plasma level of glucosylsphingosine (Lyso GL-1) is a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of Gaucher disease. Potentially interfering with the quantitation of Lyso GL-1 is its isobaric structural isomer, galactosylsphingosine (psychosine). The contribution of psychosine is generally not accounted for in the determination of Lyso GL-1, due to the difficulty in separating these two isomers. Few methods have been presented in the literature to distinguish the two isomers, and those available tend to be tedious and time-consuming. Here, we developed a LC/MS/MS method able to chromatographically separate Lyso GL-1 and psychosine reproducibly and combine it with a simple, high-throughput sample preparation technique. We also show that the separation of these two isomers in the plasma of Gaucher patients is not necessary for the quantitation of Lyso GL-1 levels, as the relative psychosine level is <3% of Lyso GL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lien Chuang
- Sanofi, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, One Mountain Road, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, United States of America.
| | - Joshua Pacheco
- Sanofi, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, One Mountain Road, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, United States of America
| | - Dritan Hoxha
- Sanofi, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, One Mountain Road, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, United States of America
| | - Gerard Sanderink
- Sanofi, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, One Mountain Road, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, United States of America
| | - Crystal Sung
- Sanofi, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, One Mountain Road, Framingham, MA 01701-9322, United States of America
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18
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Reed MC, Schiffer C, Heales S, Mehta AB, Hughes DA. Impact of sphingolipids on osteoblast and osteoclast activity in Gaucher disease. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 124:278-286. [PMID: 29934064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is an inherited disorder in which mutations in the GBA1 gene lead to deficient β-glucocerebrosidase activity and accumulation of its substrate glucosylceramide. Bone disease is present in around 84% of GD patients, ranging from bone loss including osteopenia and osteonecrosis to abnormal bone remodelling in the form of Erlenmeyer flask formation. The range of severity and variety of types of bone disease found in GD patients indicate the involvement of several mechanisms. Here we investigate the effects of exogenous sphingolipids on osteoclasts, osteoblasts, plasma cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and the interactions between these cell types. Osteoclasts were differentiated from the peripheral blood of Gaucher patients and control subjects. Osteoblasts were differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow aspirates of Gaucher patients and control subjects. The human osteoblast cell line SaOS-2 was also investigated. Osteoclasts, osteoblasts and a human myeloma plasma cell line NCI-H929 were cultured with relevant exogenous sphingolipids to assess effects on cellular viability and function. Calcium deposition by osteoblasts differentiated from Gaucher patient MSC's was on average only 11.4% of that deposited by control subject osteoblasts. Culture with glucosylsphingosine reduced control subject MSC viability by 10.4%, SaOS-2 viability by 17.4% and plasma cell number by 40%. Culture with glucosylceramide decreased calcium deposition by control MSC-derived osteoblasts while increasing control subject osteoclast generation by 55.6%, Gaucher patient osteoclast generation by 37.6% and plasma cell numbers by up to 29.7%. Excessive osteoclast number and activity and reduced osteoblast activity may have the overall effect of an uncoupling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts in the GD bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Reed
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, University College Medical school, Pond street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Capucine Schiffer
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, University College Medical school, Pond street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- Centre for Translational Omics, UCL eGreat Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Atul B Mehta
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, University College Medical school, Pond street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Derralynn A Hughes
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit, Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, University College Medical school, Pond street, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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Abstract
Neurons have well-developed membrane microdomains called "rafts" that are recovered as a detergent-resistant membrane microdomain fraction (DRM). NAP-22 is one of the major protein components of neuronal DRM. In a previous study, we showed that DRM-derived NAP-22 binds ganglioside and the inhibitory effect of ganglioside to calcineurin (CaN), a neuron-enriched calmodulin-regulated phosphoprotein phosphatase. Considering the important roles of CaN in neurons, identification of other cellular regulators of CaN could be a good clue to understand the molecular background of neuronal function. In this study, we screened the effect of several membrane lipid-derived molecules on the CaN activity and found sphingosine and some sphingosine-derived metabolites such as sphingosylphosphorylcholine, galactosylsphingosine (psychosine), and glucosylsphingosine, have inhibitory effect on CaN through the interaction with calmodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Maruyama
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe-University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Satoko Ueno
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe-University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Morita
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe-University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Fumio Hayashi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe-University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shohei Maekawa
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe-University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Tylki-Szymańska A, Szymańska-Rożek P, Hasiński P, Ługowska A. Plasma chitotriosidase activity versus plasma glucosylsphingosine in wide spectrum of Gaucher disease phenotypes - A statistical insight. Mol Genet Metab 2018. [PMID: 29530534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of beta-glucocerebrosidase (GBA) leads to Gaucher disease (GD), an inherited disorder characterised by storage of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) in lysosomes of tissue macrophages. Macrophages activated by accumulated GlcCer secrete chitotriosidase. Plasma chitotriosidase activity is significantly elevated in patients with active GD and has been suggested to indicate total body Gaucher cell load. There are two biomarkers used to assess the severity of GD - chitotriosidase has been measured for over 20 years, and deacylated GlcCer, known as glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph) is thought to be even more adequate, as it is almost a direct storage substrate. In this paper we focused entirely on statistical analysis, performing a thorough search of possible relations, dependencies and differences in the levels of these two biomarkers in a cohort of 64 Polish GD patients. We found that the treatment of GD with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) changes the distribution of the disease biomarkers; their levels follow a normal distribution only in untreated patients. The variable "disease biomarker level" was found dependent of the binary variable "treated with ERT or not". It was found independent of the following variables: "disease type", "splenectomized or not", and "heterozygous for 24-bp duplication for CHIT1 variant" or "CHIT1 wild type". An almost perfect linear correlation (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.99) between the chitotriosidase activity and GlcSph level was revealed in splenectomized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | - Piotr Hasiński
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Municipal Hospital, Tychy, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ługowska
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Afzal R, Shim WS. Glucosylsphingosine Activates Serotonin Receptor 2a and 2b: Implication of a Novel Itch Signaling Pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:497-503. [PMID: 28208011 PMCID: PMC5590793 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports claimed that glucosylsphingosine (GS) is highly accumulated and specifically evoking itch-scratch responses in the skins of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. However, it was unclear how GS can trigger itch-scratch responses, since there were no known molecular singling pathways revealed yet. In the present study, it was verified for the first time that GS can activate mouse serotonin receptor 2a (mHtr2a) and 2b (mHtr2b), but not 2c (mHtr2c) that are expressed in HEK293T cells. Specifically, effects of GS on all mouse serotonin receptor 2 subfamily were evaluated by calcium imaging techniques. The GS-induced intracellular calcium increase was dose-dependent, and antagonists such as ketanserin (Htr2a antagonist) and RS-127445 (Htr2b antagonist) significantly blocked the GS-induced responses. Moreover, the proposed GS-induced responses appear to be mediated by phospholipase C (PLC), since pretreatment of a PLC inhibitor U-73122 abolished the GS-induced responses. Additionally, the GS-induced calcium influx is probably mediated by endogenous TRPC ion channels in HEK293T cells, since pretreatment of SKF-96365, an inhibitor for TRPC, significantly suppressed GS-induced response. In conclusion, the present study revealed for the first time that GS can stimulate mHtr2a and mHtr2b to induce calcium influx, by utilizing PLC-dependent pathway afterwards. Considering that GS is regarded as a pruritogen in AD, the present study implicates a novel GS-induced itch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Afzal
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sik Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Institue of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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22
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Elstein D, Mellgard B, Dinh Q, Lan L, Qiu Y, Cozma C, Eichler S, Böttcher T, Zimran A. Reductions in glucosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb1) in treatment-naïve and previously treated patients receiving velaglucerase alfa for type 1 Gaucher disease: Data from phase 3 clinical trials. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122:113-120. [PMID: 28851512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD), an autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, arises from mutations in the GBA1 (β-glucocerebrosidase) gene, resulting in glucosylceramide accumulation in tissue macrophages. Lyso-Gb1 (glucosylsphingosine, lyso-GL1), a downstream metabolic product of glucosylceramide, has been identified as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with GD. This retrospective, exploratory analysis of data from phase 3 clinical trials of velaglucerase alfa in patients with type 1 GD evaluated the potential of lyso-Gb1 as a specific and sensitive biomarker for GD. A total of 22 treatment-naïve patients and 21 patients previously treated with imiglucerase (switch patients) were included in the analysis. Overall, demographics between the two groups were similar. Mean lyso-Gb1 concentrations were reduced by 302.2ng/mL from baseline to week 209 in treatment-naïve patients and by 57.3ng/mL from baseline to week 161 in switch patients, corresponding to relative reductions of 82.7% and 52.0%, respectively. In both the treatment-naïve and switch groups, baseline mean lyso-Gb1 was higher for patients with at least one N370S mutation (363.9ng/mL and 90.7ng/mL, respectively) than for patients with non-N370S mutations (184.6ng/mL and 28.3ng/mL, respectively). Moderate correlations between decreasing lyso-Gb1 levels and increasing platelet counts, and with decreasing spleen volumes, were observed at some time points in the treatment-naïve group but not in the switch group. These findings support the utility of lyso-Gb1 as a sensitive and reliable biomarker for GD, and suggest that quantitation of this biomarker could serve as an indicator of disease burden and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quinn Dinh
- Shire, 300 Shire Way, Lexington, MA, USA.
| | - Lan Lan
- Shire, 300 Shire Way, Lexington, MA, USA.
| | | | - Claudia Cozma
- Centogene AG, Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | | | | | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Shmu'el Bait St 12, Jerusalem, Israel.
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23
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Westbroek W, Nguyen M, Siebert M, Lindstrom T, Burnett RA, Aflaki E, Jung O, Tamargo R, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Acosta W, Hendrix A, Behre B, Tayebi N, Fujiwara H, Sidhu R, Renvoise B, Ginns EI, Dutra A, Pak E, Cramer C, Ory DS, Pavan WJ, Sidransky E. A new glucocerebrosidase-deficient neuronal cell model provides a tool to probe pathophysiology and therapeutics for Gaucher disease. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:769-78. [PMID: 27482815 PMCID: PMC4958308 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase is a lysosomal hydrolase involved in the breakdown of glucosylceramide. Gaucher disease, a recessive lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the gene GBA1. Dysfunctional glucocerebrosidase leads to accumulation of glucosylceramide and glycosylsphingosine in various cell types and organs. Mutations in GBA1 are also a common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease and related synucleinopathies. In recent years, research on the pathophysiology of Gaucher disease, the molecular link between Gaucher and Parkinson disease, and novel therapeutics, have accelerated the need for relevant cell models with GBA1 mutations. Although induced pluripotent stem cells, primary rodent neurons, and transfected neuroblastoma cell lines have been used to study the effect of glucocerebrosidase deficiency on neuronal function, these models have limitations because of challenges in culturing and propagating the cells, low yield, and the introduction of exogenous mutant GBA1. To address some of these difficulties, we established a high yield, easy-to-culture mouse neuronal cell model with nearly complete glucocerebrosidase deficiency representative of Gaucher disease. We successfully immortalized cortical neurons from embryonic null allele gba−/− mice and the control littermate (gba+/+) by infecting differentiated primary cortical neurons in culture with an EF1α-SV40T lentivirus. Immortalized gba−/− neurons lack glucocerebrosidase protein and enzyme activity, and exhibit a dramatic increase in glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine accumulation, enlarged lysosomes, and an impaired ATP-dependent calcium-influx response; these phenotypical characteristics were absent in gba+/+ neurons. This null allele gba−/− mouse neuronal model provides a much-needed tool to study the pathophysiology of Gaucher disease and to evaluate new therapies. Summary: This work describes the generation of a novel immortalized glucocerebrosidase-deficient neuronal cell model with utility for pathophysiology research and therapeutic development in Gaucher disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Westbroek
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthew Nguyen
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marina Siebert
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Taylor Lindstrom
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert A Burnett
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elma Aflaki
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Olive Jung
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rafael Tamargo
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil
- Genomics, Development, and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Bahafta Behre
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nahid Tayebi
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hideji Fujiwara
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
| | - Rohini Sidhu
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
| | - Benoit Renvoise
- Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Edward I Ginns
- Lysosomal Disorders Treatment and Research Program, Clinical Labs, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Amalia Dutra
- Cytogenetics Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Evgenia Pak
- Cytogenetics Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Daniel S Ory
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
| | - William J Pavan
- Genomics, Development, and Disease Section, Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Section on Molecular Neurogenetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Smid BE, Ferraz MJ, Verhoek M, Mirzaian M, Wisse P, Overkleeft HS, Hollak CE, Aerts JM. Biochemical response to substrate reduction therapy versus enzyme replacement therapy in Gaucher disease type 1 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:28. [PMID: 27008851 PMCID: PMC4806476 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We retrospectively compared biochemical responses in type 1 Gaucher disease patients to treatment with glycosphingolipid synthesis inhibitors miglustat and eliglustat and ERT. Methods Seventeen GD1 patients were included (n = 6 eliglustat, (two switched from ERT), n = 9 miglustat (seven switchers), n = 4 ERT (median dose 60U/kg/m). Plasma protein markers reflecting disease burden (chitotriosidase, CCL18) and lipids reflecting substrate accumulation (glucosylsphingosine, glucosylceramide) were determined. Also, liver and spleen volumes, hemoglobin, platelets, and fat fraction were measured. Results In patients naïve to treatment, chitotriosidase, CCL18 and glucosylsphingosine decreased comparably upon eliglustat and ERT treatment, while the response to miglustat was less. After 2 years, median decrease of chitotriosidase was 89 % (range 77–98), 88 % (78–92) and 37 % (29–46) for eliglustat, ERT and miglustat naïve patients respectively; decrease of CCL18 was 73 % (63–78), 54 % (43–86), and 10 % (3–18); decrease of glucosylsphingosine was 86 % (78–93), 78 % (65–91), 48 % (46–50). Plasma glucosylceramide in eliglustat treated patients (n = 4) reached values below the normal range (n = 20 healthy controls). Biochemical markers decreased or stabilized in switchers from ERT to eliglustat (n = 2), but less in miglustat switchers (n = 7). Clinical parameters responded comparably upon eliglustat and ERT treatment. Conclusions Our explorative study provides evidence that biochemical markers respond comparably in patients receiving eliglustat treatment and ERT, while the corresponding response to miglustat treatment is less.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouwien E Smid
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria J Ferraz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marri Verhoek
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mina Mirzaian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Wisse
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carla E Hollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M Aerts
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratory, room number 0.3.15, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Fuller M, Szer J, Stark S, Fletcher JM. Rapid, single-phase extraction of glucosylsphingosine from plasma: A universal screening and monitoring tool. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:6-10. [PMID: 26232157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosylsphingosine (GluSph) has emerged as a biomarker for the inherited metabolic disorder, Gaucher disease (GD). We developed a simple laboratory test to measure plasma GluSph and show that elevated GluSph is diagnostic for GD as well as informing on disease burden for monitoring patients on treatment. METHODS GluSph was measured from a single-phase total lipid extraction of 0.01 mL of plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry and concentrations extrapolated from a seven point standard curve (0.04 to 20 pmoL). A total of 1464 samples were tested and longitudinal assessment of an additional 20 GD patients. RESULTS All patients with GD had elevated GluSph compared to unaffected controls and 16 other metabolic disorders. GluSph was also slightly elevated in three patients with Krabbe disease but not at concentrations to confuse a GD diagnosis. GluSph correlated with chitotriosidase in the majority of GD patients on treatment who were informative for this marker. CONCLUSIONS GluSph can be easily measured from 0.01 mL of plasma and is useful as a diagnostic marker for GD with the current platform suited to high-throughput screening. It outperforms other GD biomarkers for biochemical monitoring of patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy for all individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fuller
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology [at Women's and Children's Hospital], 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
| | - Jeff Szer
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and Department of Medicine, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Samantha Stark
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology [at Women's and Children's Hospital], 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - Janice M Fletcher
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology [at Women's and Children's Hospital], 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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