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Lin L, Zou X, Nong W, Ge Y, Li F, Luo B, Zhang Q, Xie X. The potential value of cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: Prognostic markers and targets for immunotherapy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1284. [PMID: 38896069 PMCID: PMC11186301 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor immunotherapy has become an important adjuvant therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In recent years, the role of tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in tumor immunotherapy has become increasingly prominent. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) is a kind of TAA that is highly restricted in a variety of tumors and can induce an immune response. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the role of CTA on the progression of ovarian cancer, its diagnostic efficacy, and the potential for immunotherapy. METHODS We analyzed publications and outlined a comprehensive of overview the regulatory mechanism, immunogenicity, clinical expression significance, tumorigenesis, and application prospects of CTA in ovarian cancer, with a particular focus on recent progress in CTA-based immunotherapy. RESULTS The expression of CTA affects the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ovarian cancer and is closely related to tumor immunity. CONCLUSION CTA can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of ovarian cancer and is an ideal target for antitumor immunotherapy. These findings provide novel insights on CTA in the improvement of diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cancer. The successes, current challenges and future prospects were also discussed to portray its significant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weixia Nong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxun Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine ScienceGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionKey Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University)NanningGuangxiPeople's Republic of China
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Meng M, Guo Y, Chen Y, Li X, Zhang B, Xie Z, Liu J, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Zhang T, Qiao Y, Shang B, Zhou Q. Cancer/testis-45A1 promotes cervical cancer cell tumorigenesis and drug resistance by activating oncogenic SRC and downstream signaling pathways. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:657-676. [PMID: 37924456 PMCID: PMC11090944 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer/testis antigen-45A1 (CT45A1) is overexpressed in various types of cancer but is not expressed in healthy women. The role of CT45A1 in cervical cancer has not yet been described in the literature. PURPOSE The aim of this research was to study the role of CT45A1 in cervical cancer progression and drug resistance, elucidate the mechanisms underlying CT45A1-mediated tumorigenesis and investigate CT45A1 as a biomarker for cervical cancer diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and targeted therapy. METHODS The CT45A1 levels in the tumors from cervical cancer patients were measured using immunohistochemical staining. The role and mechanisms underlying CT45A1-mediated cervical cancer cell tumor growth, invasion, and drug resistance were studied using xenograft mice, cervical cancer cells, immunohistochemistry, RNA-seq, real-time qPCR, Chromatin immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. RESULTS CT45A1 levels were notably high in the tumor tissues of human cervical cancer patients compared to the paracancerous tissues (p < 0.001). Overexpression of CT45A1 was closely associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. CT45A1 promoted cervical cancer cell tumor growth, invasion, neovascularization, and drug resistance. Mechanistically, CT45A1 promoted the expression of 128 pro-tumorigenic genes and concurrently activated key signaling pathways, including the oncogenic SRC, ERK, CREB, and YAP/TAZ signaling pathways. Furthermore, CT45A1-mediated tumorigenesis and drug resistance were markedly inhibited by the small molecule lycorine. CONCLUSION CT45A1 promotes cervical cancer cell tumorigenesis, neovascularization, and drug resistance by activating oncogenic SRC and downstream tumorigenic signaling pathways. These findings provide new insight into the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and offer a new platform for the development of novel therapeutics against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
- The Ninth Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijia Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Qiao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxue Shang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China.
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
- The Ninth Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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Vlasenkova R, Konysheva D, Nurgalieva A, Kiyamova R. Characterization of Cancer/Testis Antigens as Prognostic Markers of Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3092. [PMID: 37835834 PMCID: PMC10572515 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to characterize cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) as potential molecular markers of ovarian cancer. First, we gathered and analyzed a significantly large dataset of 21 selected CTAs that are encoded by 32 genes; the dataset consisted of the mutation data, expression data, and survival data of patients with ovarian cancer (n = 15,665). The 19 functionally significant missense mutations were identified in 9 CTA genes: ACRBP, CCT4, KDM5B, MAGEA1, MAGEA4, PIWIL1, PIWIL2, PRAME, and SPA17. The analysis of the mRNA expression levels of 21 CTAs in healthy and tumor ovarian tissue showed an up-regulation in the expression level of AKAP3, MAGEA4, PIWIL1, and PRAME in tumor samples and a down-regulation in the expression level of CTAG1A, CTAG1B, MAGEC1, and PIWIL2. The CCT4 up-regulation and PRAME mutations were correlated with a good prognosis for ovarian cancer, while higher levels of GAGE2A and CT45A1 mRNAs were correlated with a poor prognosis for ovarian cancer patients. Thus, GAGE2, CT45, CCT4, and PRAME cancer/testis antigens can be considered as potential prognostic markers for ovarian tumors, and GAGE2, CCT4, and PRAME were revealed to be correlated with the prognosis for ovarian cancer patients for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ramziya Kiyamova
- Biomarker Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia; (R.V.)
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Sharif FA, Abuwarda HN. Autoimmunity and re-expression of cancer/testis antigens: Numerous disorders one mechanism hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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5
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Schossig P, Coskun E, Arsenic R, Horst D, Sehouli J, Bergmann E, Andresen N, Sigler C, Busse A, Keller U, Ochsenreither S. Target Selection for T-Cell Therapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Systematic Prioritization of Self-Antigens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032292. [PMID: 36768616 PMCID: PMC9916968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive T cell-receptor therapy (ACT) could represent a promising approach in the targeted treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the identification of suitable tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) as targets is challenging. We identified and prioritized TAAs for ACT and other immunotherapeutic interventions in EOC. A comprehensive list of pre-described TAAs was created and candidates were prioritized, using predefined weighted criteria. Highly ranked TAAs were immunohistochemically stained in a tissue microarray of 58 EOC samples to identify associations of TAA expression with grade, stage, response to platinum, and prognosis. Preselection based on expression data resulted in 38 TAAs, which were prioritized. Along with already published Cyclin A1, the TAAs KIF20A, CT45, and LY6K emerged as most promising targets, with high expression in EOC samples and several identified peptides in ligandome analysis. Expression of these TAAs showed prognostic relevance independent of molecular subtypes. By using a systematic vetting algorithm, we identified KIF20A, CT45, and LY6K to be promising candidates for immunotherapy in EOC. Results are supported by IHC and HLA-ligandome data. The described method might be helpful for the prioritization of TAAs in other tumor entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schossig
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ebru Coskun
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruza Arsenic
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Insitute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Tumorbank Ovarian Cancer Network, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Bergmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Andresen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Sigler
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Busse
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keller
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ochsenreither
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Yang P, Qiao Y, Liao H, Huang Y, Meng M, Chen Y, Zhou Q. The Cancer/Testis Antigen CT45A1 Promotes Transcription of Oncogenic Sulfatase-2 Gene in Breast Cancer Cells and Is Sensible Targets for Cancer Therapy. J Breast Cancer 2023; 26:168-185. [PMID: 37095619 PMCID: PMC10139848 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2023.26.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Invasive breast carcinomas (BRCAs) are highly lethal. The molecular mechanisms underlying progression of invasive BRCAs are unclear, and effective therapies are highly desired. The cancer-testis antigen CT45A1 promotes overexpression of pro-metastatic sulfatase-2 (SULF2) and breast cancer metastasis to the lungs, but its mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of CT45A1-induced SULF2 overexpression and provide evidence for targeting CT45A1 and SULF2 for breast cancer therapy. METHODS The effect of CT45A1 on SULF2 expression was assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The mechanism of CT45A1-induced SULF2 gene transcription was studied using protein-DNA binding assay and a luciferase activity reporter system. The interaction between CT45A1 and SP1 proteins was assessed using immunoprecipitation and western blot. Additionally, the suppression of breast cancer cell motility by SP1 and SULF2 inhibitors was measured using cell migration and invasion assays. RESULTS CT45A1 and SULF2 are aberrantly overexpressed in patients with BRCA; importantly, overexpression of CT45A1 is closely associated with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, gene promoter demethylation results in overexpression of both CT45A1 and SULF2. CT45A1 binds directly to the core sequence GCCCCC in the promoter region of SULF2 gene and activates the promoter. Additionally, CT45A1 interacts with the oncogenic master transcription factor SP1 to drive SULF2 gene transcription. Interestingly, SP1 and SULF2 inhibitors suppress breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity. CONCLUSION Overexpression of CT45A1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with BRCA. CT45A1 promotes SULF2 overexpression by activating the promoter and interacting with SP1. Additionally, SP1 and SULF2 inhibitors suppress breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis and highlight CT45A1 and SULF2 as sensible targets for developing novel therapeutics against metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Yingnan Qiao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huaidong Liao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yizheng Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Lu M, Zhu J, Zhang C, Wang M. Altered genome‑wide hydroxymethylation analysis for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in esophageal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:29. [PMID: 36561617 PMCID: PMC9748644 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer has high incidence rate in China. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) has become the standard treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, there are few reliable epigenetic parameters for patients with ESCC undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. Genomic extract from tumor tissue was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq4000 to quantify genes associated methylation or hydromethylation in 12 patients with ESCC undergoing nCRT. The genome-wide hydroxymethylation were analyzed by methylated and hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing by MACS2 software and UCSC RefSeq database. Abnormal DNA methylation was statistically different between nCRT-well (showed a pathological complete response to nCRT) and nCRT-poor (showed incomplete pathological response to nCRT) patients. Levels of ten-eleven translocation 1, 2 and 3 mRNA and protein were higher in tumor tissue in nCRT-well group patients than in nCRT-poor group patients. Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing identified 2925 hypo-differentially hydroxymethylated region (DhMRs) and 292 hyper-DhMRs in promoter between nCRT-well and nCRT-poor patients. Biological processes associated with hyper-DhMRs included 'snRNA processing', 'hormone-mediated signaling pathway' and 'cellular response'. Metabolic processes were associated with hypo-DhMRs. These data may explain the functional response to nCRT in patients with abnormal promoter of methylation gene-associated mRNA expression. The present results implied that hyper-DhMRs and hypo-DhMRs affect molecular pathways, such as hippo and Notch signaling pathways, highlighting epigenetic modifications associated with clinical response to nCRT in patients with esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Lu
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Changsong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Changsong Zhang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Changsong Zhang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
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Saha C, Bojdo J, Dunne NJ, Duary RK, Buckley N, McCarthy HO. Nucleic acid vaccination strategies for ovarian cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:953887. [PMID: 36420446 PMCID: PMC9677957 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.953887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is one of the most lethal ovarian cancers that is characterised by asymptomatic tumour growth, insufficient knowledge of malignant cell origin and sub-optimal detection. HGSC has been recently shown to originate in the fallopian tube and not in the ovaries. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and surgery depend upon the stage of the disease and have resulted in higher rates of relapse. Hence, there is a need for alternative treatments. Differential antigen expression levels have been utilised for early detection of the cancer and could be employed in vaccination strategies using nucleic acids. In this review the different vaccination strategies in Ovarian cancer are discussed and reviewed. Nucleic acid vaccination strategies have been proven to produce a higher CD8+ CTL response alongside CD4+ T-cell response when compared to other vaccination strategies and thus provide a good arena for antitumour immune therapy. DNA and mRNA need to be delivered into the intracellular matrix. To overcome ineffective naked delivery of the nucleic acid cargo, a suitable delivery system is required. This review also considers the suitability of cell penetrating peptides as a tool for nucleic acid vaccine delivery in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanika Saha
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - James Bojdo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Raj Kumar Duary
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
| | - Niamh Buckley
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Antonyová V, Tatar A, Brogyányi T, Kejík Z, Kaplánek R, Vellieux F, Abramenko N, Sinica A, Hajduch J, Novotný P, Masters BS, Martásek P, Jakubek M. Targeting of the Mitochondrial TET1 Protein by Pyrrolo[3,2- b]pyrrole Chelators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810850. [PMID: 36142763 PMCID: PMC9505425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting of epigenetic mechanisms, such as the hydroxymethylation of DNA, has been intensively studied, with respect to the treatment of many serious pathologies, including oncological disorders. Recent studies demonstrated that promising therapeutic strategies could potentially be based on the inhibition of the TET1 protein (ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1) by specific iron chelators. Therefore, in the present work, we prepared a series of pyrrolopyrrole derivatives with hydrazide (1) or hydrazone (2–6) iron-binding groups. As a result, we determined that the basic pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivative 1 was a strong inhibitor of the TET1 protein (IC50 = 1.33 μM), supported by microscale thermophoresis and molecular docking. Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles 2–6, bearing substituted 2-hydroxybenzylidene moieties, displayed no significant inhibitory activity. In addition, in vitro studies demonstrated that derivative 1 exhibits potent anticancer activity and an exclusive mitochondrial localization, confirmed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Antonyová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ameneh Tatar
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Brogyányi
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fréderic Vellieux
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Nikita Abramenko
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Alla Sinica
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hajduch
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novotný
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Bettie Sue Masters
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Milan Jakubek
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 455/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 20 Vestec, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (M.J.)
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10
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Zhao J, Xu Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Liu X, Gao Y, Jin Y. The expression of cancer-testis antigen in ovarian cancer and the development of immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:681-694. [PMID: 35261795 PMCID: PMC8899981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a relatively common tumor in women with the highest mortality among female reproductive system tumors. The lack of apparent early symptoms and effective screening strategies often leads to ovarian cancer being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Immunotherapy relying on tumor-associated antigens might improve the treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are ideal tumor-associated antigens, and MAGE-A, NY-ESO-1, CT45, and Sp17 are classic CTAs highly expressed in ovarian cancer. Here, we review the research on CTAs in ovarian cancer, including prognostic value and advances in immunotherapy, all of which are essential for developing a theoretical basis for targeted therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaoxu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning (Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University), Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetic Medicine, National Health Commission of ChinaShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning (Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University), Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetic Medicine, National Health Commission of ChinaShenyang, Liaoning, China
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11
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How to Slow Down the Ticking Clock: Age-Associated Epigenetic Alterations and Related Interventions to Extend Life Span. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030468. [PMID: 35159278 PMCID: PMC8915189 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations pose one major hallmark of organismal aging. Here, we provide an overview on recent findings describing the epigenetic changes that arise during aging and in related maladies such as neurodegeneration and cancer. Specifically, we focus on alterations of histone modifications and DNA methylation and illustrate the link with metabolic pathways. Age-related epigenetic, transcriptional and metabolic deregulations are highly interconnected, which renders dissociating cause and effect complicated. However, growing amounts of evidence support the notion that aging is not only accompanied by epigenetic alterations, but also at least in part induced by those. DNA methylation clocks emerged as a tool to objectively determine biological aging and turned out as a valuable source in search of factors positively and negatively impacting human life span. Moreover, specific epigenetic signatures can be used as biomarkers for age-associated disorders or even as targets for therapeutic approaches, as will be covered in this review. Finally, we summarize recent potential intervention strategies that target epigenetic mechanisms to extend healthy life span and provide an outlook on future developments in the field of longevity research.
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12
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Wang J, Li J, Chen R, Yue H, Li W, Wu B, Bai Y, Zhu G, Lu X. DNA methylation-based profiling reveals distinct clusters with survival heterogeneity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:190. [PMID: 34645493 PMCID: PMC8515755 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common type of epigenetically heterogeneous ovarian cancer. Methylation typing has previously been used in many tumour types but not in HGSOC. Methylation typing in HGSOC may promote the development of personalized care. The present study used DNA methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and identified four unique methylation subtypes of HGSOC. With the poorest prognosis and high frequency of residual tumours, cluster 4 featured hypermethylation of a panel of genes, which indicates that demethylation agents may be tested in this group and that neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be used to reduce the possibility of residual lesions. Cluster 1 and cluster 2 were significantly associated with metastasis genes and metabolic disorders, respectively. Two feature CpG sites, cg24673765 and cg25574024, were obtained through Cox proportional hazards model analysis of the CpG sites. Based on the methylation level of the two CpG sites, the samples were classified into high- and low-risk groups to identify the prognostic information. Similar results were obtained in the validation set. Taken together, these results explain the epigenetic heterogeneity of HGSOC and provide guidance to clinicians for the prognosis of HGSOC based on DNA methylation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Ruifang Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Huiran Yue
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No. 128, Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Ye M, Lin Y, Pan S, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Applications of Multi-omics Approaches for Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Ovarian Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:745808. [PMID: 34631583 PMCID: PMC8497990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer ranks as the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in females. The molecular mechanisms of ovarian carcinogenesis need to be explored in order to identify effective clinical therapies for ovarian cancer. Recently, multi-omics approaches have been applied to determine the mechanisms of ovarian oncogenesis at genomics (DNA), transcriptomics (RNA), proteomics (proteins), and metabolomics (metabolites) levels. Multi-omics approaches can identify some diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer, and these molecular signatures are beneficial for clarifying the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Moreover, the discovery of molecular signatures and targeted therapy strategies could noticeably improve the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Ye
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yibin Lin
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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14
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Niu T, Wu Z, Xiao W. Uev1A promotes breast cancer cell migration by up-regulating CT45A expression via the AKT pathway. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1012. [PMID: 34503444 PMCID: PMC8431945 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background UEV1A encodes a ubiquitin-E2 variant closely associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, but its underlying mechanism in promoting metastasis remains to be investigated. Methods In this study, we experimentally manipulated UEV1A and CT45A gene expression and monitored their effects on cancer-related gene expression, cell migration and the signal transduction cascade. Results It was found that UEV1A overexpression induces CT45A family gene expression in breast cancer cells. Indeed, ectopic expression of UEV1A was sufficient to induce CT45A and its downstream genes involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness and metastasis, and to promote cell migration and EMT signaling. Consistently, depletion of CT45A abolished the above effects, indicating that CT45A is a critical downstream effector of Uev1A. The Uev1A-induced cell migration and EMT signaling was dependent on AKT but independent of NF-κB, indicating that CT45A acts downstream of the AKT pathway. Conclusions Based on previous reports and observations in this study, we propose that the Ubc13-Uev1A complex activates AKT through K63-linked polyubiquitination, which leads to enhanced CT45A expression, stimulated cell migration and EMT signaling in breast cells. Since similar effects were also observed in a colorectal cancer cell line, the Ubc13/Uev1A-AKT-CT45A axis may also promote tumorigenesis and metastasis in other tissues. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08750-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zhaojia Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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15
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Yang P, Meng M, Zhou Q. Oncogenic cancer/testis antigens are a hallmarker of cancer and a sensible target for cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188558. [PMID: 33933558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that numerous cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are uniquely overexpressed in various types of cancer and most CTAs are oncogenic. Overexpression of oncogenic CTAs promotes carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and drug resistance. Oncogenic CTAs are generally associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients and are an important hallmark of cancer, making them a crucial target for cancer immunotherapy. CTAs-targeted antibodies, vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T) have recently been used in cancer treatment and achieved promising outcomes in the preclinical and early clinical trials. However, the efficacy of current CTA-targeted therapeutics is either moderate or low in cancer therapy. CTA-targeted cancer immunotherapy is facing enormous challenges. Several critical scientific problems need to be resolved: (1) the antigen presentation function of MHC-I protein is usually deficient in cancer patients, so that very low amounts of intracellular CTA epitopes are presented to tumor cell membrane surface, leading to weak immune response and subsequent immunity to CTAs; (2) various immunosuppressive cells are rich in tumor tissues leading to diminished tumor immunity; (3) the tumor tissue microenvironment markedly reduces the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In the current review paper, the authors propose new strategies and approaches to overcome the barriers of CTAs-targeted immunotherapy and to develop novel potent immune therapeutics against cancer. Finally, we highlight that the oncogenic CTAs have high tumor specificity and immunogenicity, and are sensible targets for cancer immunotherapy. We predict that CTAs-targeted immunotherapy will bring about breakthroughs in cancer therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, PR China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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16
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Ji J, Chen J, Wang A, Zhang W, Ju H, Liu Y, Li L. KK-LC-1 may be an effective prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:267. [PMID: 33711953 PMCID: PMC7953676 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the study was to detect the expression of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) in gastric cancer (GC) specimens and analyse the associations between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters and clinical prognosis. Methods All of the 94 patients in this study were GC patients who underwent surgical resection. KK-LC-1 protein expression in GC tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. This report applies the histological score (H-score) to evaluate KK-LC-1 expression. To calculate this indicator, the number of positive cells in each section and their staining intensity were converted to corresponding values. The expression of KK-LC-1 in the cytoplasm of cancer and normal tissues was scored to obtain their respective H values. The chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to analyse the linear association between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathological data and prognosis. Results In the cytoplasm, KK-LC-1 expression in tumour tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P < 0.001). Using the median H-score as the cut-off value, we discovered that GC patients with high levels of KK-LC-1 expression in the cytoplasm had favourable overall survival (OS) (P = 0.016), and this result was statistically significant in the Cox regression analysis. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between KK-LC-1 protein expression and the pathological grade of the tumour (P = 0.036), with significantly more KK-LC-1 protein expression observed in the intestinal type of GC than in the diffuse type (P = 0.008). Conclusions Our research data showed that KK-LC-1 expression was greater in GC tissues than in normal tissues, and higher KK-LC-1 expression was associated with longer OS of GC patients. KK-LC-1 can be used as a biomarker for a good prognosis in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, General Surgery, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Anqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, 014060, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hongge Ju
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, 014060, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, 014060, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Leping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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17
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Feng S, De Carvalho DD. Clinical advances in targeting epigenetics for cancer therapy. FEBS J 2021; 289:1214-1239. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Feng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto ON Canada
| | - Daniel D. De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto ON Canada
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18
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Drakes ML, Stiff PJ. Ovarian Cancer: Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Immune Suppression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1330:33-54. [PMID: 34339029 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73359-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer generally escapes diagnosis until the advanced stages. High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most frequently occurring form of this malaise and is a disease which has the highest mortality rate of gynecologic cancers. Over recent years it has been revealed that the course of such cancers can be significantly influenced by the nature of immune cells in tumors at the time of diagnosis and by immune cells induced by therapy. Numerous investigators have since focused on disease biology to identify biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Yet, while over the past decade there have been significant improvements in state-of-the-art surgery for ovarian cancer as frontline therapy, there have been limited advancements in the development of novel curative or management drugs for this disease. This chapter discusses the major elements of immune suppression in HGSOC from a biological viewpoint, mechanisms of overcoming resistance to therapies, and recent therapy aimed at improving patient care and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen L Drakes
- Department of Medicine, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
| | - Patrick J Stiff
- Department of Medicine, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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19
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Yan Y, Zeng S, Gong Z, Xu Z. Clinical implication of cellular vaccine in glioma: current advances and future prospects. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:257. [PMID: 33228738 PMCID: PMC7685666 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, especially glioblastomas, represent one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat human brain tumors. In the last few decades, clinical immunotherapy has been developed and has provided exceptional achievements in checkpoint inhibitors and vaccines for cancer treatment. Immunization with cellular vaccines has the advantage of containing specific antigens and acceptable safety to potentially improve cancer therapy. Based on T cells, dendritic cells (DC), tumor cells and natural killer cells, the safety and feasibility of cellular vaccines have been validated in clinical trials for glioma treatment. For TAA engineered T cells, therapy mainly uses chimeric antigen receptors (IL13Rα2, EGFRvIII and HER2) and DNA methylation-induced technology (CT antigen) to activate the immune response. Autologous dendritic cells/tumor antigen vaccine (ADCTA) pulsed with tumor lysate and peptides elicit antigen-specific and cytotoxic T cell responses in patients with malignant gliomas, while its pro-survival effect is biased. Vaccinations using autologous tumor cells modified with TAAs or fusion with fibroblast cells are characterized by both effective humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Even though few therapeutic effects have been observed, most of this therapy showed safety and feasibility, asking for larger cohort studies and better guidelines to optimize cellular vaccine efficiency in anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Hunan, 410008, Changsha, China.
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20
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Li XF, Ren P, Shen WZ, Jin X, Zhang J. The expression, modulation and use of cancer-testis antigens as potential biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7002-7019. [PMID: 33312347 PMCID: PMC7724325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are tumor antigens, present in the germ cells of testes, ovaries and trophoblasts, which undergo deregulated expression in the tumor and malignant cells. CTA genes are either X-linked or autosomal, favourably expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, respectively. CTAs trigger unprompted humoral immunity and immune responses in malignancies, altering tumor cell physiology and neoplastic behaviors. CTAs demonstrate varied expression profile, with increased abundance in malignant melanoma and prostate, lung, breast and epithelial cell cancers, and a relatively reduced prevalence in intestinal cancer, renal cell adenocarcinoma and malignancies of immune cells. A combination of epigenetic and non-epigenetic agents regulates CTA mRNA expression, with the key participation of CpG islands and CpG-rich promoters, histone methyltransferases, cytokines, tyrosine kinases and transcriptional activators and repressors. CTA triggers gametogenesis, in association with mutated tumorigenic genes and tumor repressors. The CTAs function as potential biomarkers, particularly for prostate, cervical, breast, colorectal, gastric, urinary bladder, liver and lung carcinomas, characterized by alternate splicing and phenotypic heterogeneity in the cells. Additionally, CTAs are prospective targets for vaccine therapy, with the MAGE-A3 and NYESO-1 undergoing clinical trials for tumor regression in malignant melanoma. They have been deemed important for adaptive immunotherapy, marked by limited expression in normal somatic tissues and recurrent up-regulation in epithelial carcinoma. Overall, the current review delineates an up-dated understanding of the intricate processes of CTA expression and regulation in cancer. It further portrays the role of CTAs as biomarkers and probable candidates for tumor immunotherapy, with a future prospect in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Zhang Shen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun, P. R. China
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21
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Romero-Garcia S, Prado-Garcia H, Carlos-Reyes A. Role of DNA Methylation in the Resistance to Therapy in Solid Tumors. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1152. [PMID: 32850327 PMCID: PMC7426728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in chemotherapeutic treatments against cancer, some types of highly aggressive and invasive cancer develop drug resistance against conventional therapies, which continues to be a major problem in the fight against cancer. In recent years, studies of alterations of DNA methylome have given us a better understanding of the role of DNA methylation in the development of tumors. DNA methylation (DNAm) is an epigenetic change that promotes the covalent transfer of methyl groups to DNA. This process suppresses gene expression through the modulation of the transcription machinery access to the chromatin or through the recruitment of methyl binding proteins. DNAm is regulated mainly by DNA methyltransferases. Aberrant DNAm contributes to tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to current anti-tumoral therapies. Aberrant DNAm may occur through hypermethylation in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes, which leads to their silencing, while hypomethylation in the promoter regions of oncogenes can activate them. In this review, we discuss the impact of dysregulated methylation in certain genes, which impact signaling pathways associated with apoptosis avoidance, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. The analysis of methylome has revealed patterns of global methylation, which regulate important signaling pathways involved in therapy resistance in different cancer types, such as breast, colon, and lung cancer, among other solid tumors. This analysis has provided gene-expression signatures of methylated region-specific DNA that can be used to predict the treatment outcome in response to anti-cancer therapy. Additionally, changes in cancer methylome have been associated with the acquisition of drug resistance. We also review treatments with demethylating agents that, in combination with standard therapies, seem to be encouraging, as tumors that are in early stages can be successfully treated. On the other hand, tumors that are in advanced stages can be treated with these combination schemes, which could sensitize tumor cells that are resistant to the therapy. We propose that rational strategies, which combine specific demethylating agents with conventional treatment, may improve overall survival in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Romero-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Heriberto Prado-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angeles Carlos-Reyes
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhang W, Klinkebiel D, Barger CJ, Pandey S, Guda C, Miller A, Akers SN, Odunsi K, Karpf AR. Global DNA Hypomethylation in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Passive Demethylation and Association with Genomic Instability. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030764. [PMID: 32213861 PMCID: PMC7140107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of human cancer is global DNA hypomethylation (GDHO), but the mechanisms accounting for this defect and its pathological consequences have not been investigated in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In EOC, GDHO was associated with advanced disease and reduced overall and disease-free survival. GDHO (+) EOC tumors displayed a proliferative gene expression signature, including FOXM1 and CCNE1 overexpression. Furthermore, DNA hypomethylation in these tumors was enriched within genomic blocks (hypomethylated blocks) that overlapped late-replicating regions, lamina-associated domains, PRC2 binding sites, and the H3K27me3 histone mark. Increased proliferation coupled with hypomethylated blocks at late-replicating regions suggests a passive hypomethylation mechanism. This hypothesis was further supported by our observation that cytosine DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and UHRF1 showed significantly reduced expression in GDHO (+) EOC after normalization to canonical proliferation markers, including MKI67. Finally, GDHO (+) EOC tumors had elevated chromosomal instability (CIN), and copy number alterations (CNA) were enriched at the DNA hypomethylated blocks. Together, these findings implicate a passive DNA demethylation mechanism in ovarian cancer that is associated with genomic instability and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Zhang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (W.Z.); (C.J.B.)
| | - David Klinkebiel
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (D.K.); (C.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Carter J. Barger
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (W.Z.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Sanjit Pandey
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (D.K.); (C.G.)
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Stacey N. Akers
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.N.A.); (K.O.)
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.N.A.); (K.O.)
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (W.Z.); (C.J.B.)
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (D.K.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-559-6115; Fax: +1-402-599-4651
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Ahmed AA, Adam Essa ME. Epigenetic alterations in female urogenital organs cancer: Premise, properties, and perspectives. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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24
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Oza AM, Matulonis UA, Alvarez Secord A, Nemunaitis J, Roman LD, Blagden SP, Banerjee S, McGuire WP, Ghamande S, Birrer MJ, Fleming GF, Markham MJ, Hirte HW, Provencher DM, Basu B, Kristeleit R, Armstrong DK, Schwartz B, Braly P, Hall GD, Nephew KP, Jueliger S, Oganesian A, Naim S, Hao Y, Keer H, Azab M, Matei D. A Randomized Phase II Trial of Epigenetic Priming with Guadecitabine and Carboplatin in Platinum-resistant, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:1009-1016. [PMID: 31831561 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Platinum resistance in ovarian cancer is associated with epigenetic modifications. Hypomethylating agents (HMA) have been studied as carboplatin resensitizing agents in ovarian cancer. This randomized phase II trial compared guadecitabine, a second-generation HMA, and carboplatin (G+C) against second-line chemotherapy in women with measurable or detectable platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received either G+C (guadecitabine 30 mg/m2 s.c. once-daily for 5 days and carboplatin) or treatment of choice (TC; topotecan, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, paclitaxel, or gemcitabine) in 28-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints were RECIST v1.1 and CA-125 response rate, 6-month PFS, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Of 100 patients treated, 51 received G+C and 49 received TC, of which 27 crossed over to G+C. The study did not meet its primary endpoint as the median PFS was not statistically different between arms (16.3 weeks vs. 9.1 weeks in the G+C and TC groups, respectively; P = 0.07). However, the 6-month PFS rate was significantly higher in the G+C group (37% vs. 11% in TC group; P = 0.003). The incidence of grade 3 or higher toxicity was similar in G+C and TC groups (51% and 49%, respectively), with neutropenia and leukopenia being more frequent in the G+C group. CONCLUSIONS Although this trial did not show superiority for PFS of G+C versus TC, the 6-month PFS increased in G+C treated patients. Further refinement of this strategy should focus on identification of predictive markers for patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit M Oza
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto Canada
| | | | | | - John Nemunaitis
- University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Lynda D Roman
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | - Sharad Ghamande
- Augusta University (Georgia Regents University), Augusta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | | - Diane M Provencher
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Bristi Basu
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Geoff D Hall
- St James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Indiana University School of Medicine, IU Simon Cancer Center, Bloomington, Indiana
| | | | | | - Sue Naim
- Astex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | - Yong Hao
- Astex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | - Harold Keer
- Astex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Pleasanton, California
| | | | - Daniela Matei
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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25
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Wei J, Xu Z, Chen X, Wang X, Zeng S, Qian L, Yang X, Ou C, Lin W, Gong Z, Yan Y. Overexpression of GSDMC is a prognostic factor for predicting a poor outcome in lung adenocarcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:360-370. [PMID: 31939622 PMCID: PMC6896373 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gasdermin (GSDM) superfamily has been demonstrated to consist of several important molecules that modulate multifunctional signal processes, such as cell pyroptosis. In this research, the roles of the GSDM superfamily on the occurrence and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were evaluated using integrative bioinformatic analyses and in vitro methods. Here, data from several bioinformatic platforms revealed that GSDMC is significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that GSDMC was obviously upregulated in radio-resistant LUAD cells, compared with their parental cells. Moreover, upregulated GSDMC expression was confirmed to be an independent indicator of poor first progression (FP) and overall survival (OS) in LUAD patients. DNA methylation analysis showed an evidently negative correlation between GSDMC expression and methylation status of one CpG site (cg05316065) in its DNA sequence. Patients with high methylation values had significantly higher Karnofsky performance scores (KPSs) and prolonged OS rates. Together, we confirmed that overexpression of GSDMC acts as a promising predictive factor for the poor prognosis of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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26
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Singh A, Gupta S, Sachan M. Epigenetic Biomarkers in the Management of Ovarian Cancer: Current Prospectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:182. [PMID: 31608277 PMCID: PMC6761254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) causes significant morbidity and mortality as neither detection nor screening of OC is currently feasible at an early stage. Difficulty to promptly diagnose OC in its early stage remains challenging due to non-specific symptoms in the early-stage of the disease, their presentation at an advanced stage and poor survival. Therefore, improved detection methods are urgently needed. In this article, we summarize the potential clinical utility of epigenetic signatures like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA dysregulation, which play important role in ovarian carcinogenesis and discuss its application in development of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Molecular characterization of epigenetic modification (methylation) in circulating cell free tumor DNA in body fluids offers novel, non-invasive approach for identification of potential promising cancer biomarkers, which can be performed at multiple time points and probably better reflects the prevailing molecular profile of cancer. Current status of epigenetic research in diagnosis of early OC and its management are discussed here with main focus on potential diagnostic biomarkers in tissue and body fluids. Rapid and point of care diagnostic applications of DNA methylation in liquid biopsy has been precluded as a result of cumbersome sample preparation with complicated conventional methods of isolation. New technologies which allow rapid identification of methylation signatures directly from blood will facilitate sample-to answer solutions thereby enabling next-generation point of care molecular diagnostics. To date, not a single epigenetic biomarker which could accurately detect ovarian cancer at an early stage in either tissue or body fluid has been reported. Taken together, the methodological drawbacks, heterogeneity associated with ovarian cancer and non-validation of the clinical utility of reported potential biomarkers in larger ovarian cancer populations has impeded the transition of epigenetic biomarkers from lab to clinical settings. Until addressed, clinical implementation as a diagnostic measure is a far way to go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
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27
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Coscia F, Lengyel E, Duraiswamy J, Ashcroft B, Bassani-Sternberg M, Wierer M, Johnson A, Wroblewski K, Montag A, Yamada SD, López-Méndez B, Nilsson J, Mund A, Mann M, Curtis M. Multi-level Proteomics Identifies CT45 as a Chemosensitivity Mediator and Immunotherapy Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cell 2019; 175:159-170.e16. [PMID: 30241606 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy and recur, but 15% remain disease free over a decade. To discover drivers of long-term survival, we quantitatively analyzed the proteomes of platinum-resistant and -sensitive HGSOC patients from minute amounts of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. This revealed cancer/testis antigen 45 (CT45) as an independent prognostic factor associated with a doubling of disease-free survival in advanced-stage HGSOC. Phospho- and interaction proteomics tied CT45 to DNA damage pathways through direct interaction with the PP4 phosphatase complex. In vitro, CT45 regulated PP4 activity, and its high expression led to increased DNA damage and platinum sensitivity. CT45-derived HLA class I peptides, identified by immunopeptidomics, activate patient-derived cytotoxic T cells and promote tumor cell killing. This study highlights the power of clinical cancer proteomics to identify targets for chemo- and immunotherapy and illuminate their biological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Coscia
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Clinical Proteomics Group, Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ernst Lengyel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | | | - Bradley Ashcroft
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michal Bassani-Sternberg
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael Wierer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alyssa Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kristen Wroblewski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Anthony Montag
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - S Diane Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Blanca López-Méndez
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Nilsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Mund
- Clinical Proteomics Group, Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Clinical Proteomics Group, Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marion Curtis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Chen Z, Zuo X, Pu L, Zhang Y, Han G, Zhang L, Wu Z, You W, Qin J, Dai X, Shen H, Wang X, Wu J. Hypomethylation-mediated activation of cancer/testis antigen KK-LC-1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression through activating the Notch1/Hes1 signalling. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12581. [PMID: 30895661 PMCID: PMC6536599 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Kita‐Kyushu lung cancer antigen‐1 (KK‐LC‐1) is a cancer/testis antigen reactivated in several human malignancies. So far, the major focus of studies on KK‐LC‐1 has been on its potential as diagnostic biomarker and immunotherapy target. However, its biological functions and molecular mechanisms in cancer progression remain unknown. Materials and Methods Expression of KK‐LC‐1 in HCC was analysed using RT‐qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The roles of KK‐LC‐1 on HCC progression were examined by loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function approaches. Pathway inhibitor DAPT was employed to confirm the regulatory effect of KK‐LC‐1 on the downstream Notch signalling. The interaction of KK‐LC‐1 with presenilin‐1 was determined by co‐immunoprecipitation. The association of CpG island methylation status with KK‐LC‐1 reactivation was evaluated by methylation‐specific PCR, bisulphite sequencing PCR and 5‐Aza‐dC treatment. Results We identified that HCC tissues exhibited increased levels of KK‐LC‐1. High KK‐LC‐1 level independently predicted poor survival outcome. KK‐LC‐1 promoted cell growth, migration, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in vitro and in vivo. KK‐LC‐1 modulated the Notch1/Hes1 pathway to exacerbate HCC progression through physically interacting with presenilin‐1. Upregulation of KK‐LC‐1 in HCC was attributed to hypomethylated CpG islands. Conclusions This study identified that hypomethylation‐induced KK‐LC‐1 overexpression played an important role in HCC progression and independently predicted poor survival. We defined the KK‐LC‐1/presenilin‐1/Notch1/Hes1 as a novel signalling pathway that was involved in the growth and metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueliang Zuo
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Liyong Pu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyong Han
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengshan Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei You
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjie Qin
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinzheng Dai
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jindao Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Targeting epigenetic modifications in cancer therapy: erasing the roadmap to cancer. Nat Med 2019; 25:403-418. [PMID: 30842676 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is a common feature of most cancers, often occurring directly through alteration of epigenetic machinery. Over the last several years, a new generation of drugs directed at epigenetic modulators have entered clinical development, and results from these trials are now being disclosed. Unlike first-generation epigenetic therapies, these new agents are selective, and many are targeted to proteins which are mutated or translocated in cancer. This review will provide a summary of the epigenetic modulatory agents currently in clinical development and discuss the opportunities and challenges in their development. As these drugs advance in the clinic, drug discovery has continued with a focus on both novel and existing epigenetic targets. We will provide an overview of these efforts and the strategies being employed.
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30
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Sharma A, Albahrani M, Zhang W, Kufel CN, James SR, Odunsi K, Klinkebiel D, Karpf AR. Epigenetic activation of POTE genes in ovarian cancer. Epigenetics 2019; 14:185-197. [PMID: 30764732 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1581590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The POTE gene family consists of 14 homologous genes localized to autosomal pericentromeres, and a sub-set of POTEs are cancer-testis antigen (CTA) genes. POTEs are over-expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), including the high-grade serous subtype (HGSC), and expression of individual POTEs correlates with chemoresistance and reduced survival in HGSC. The mechanisms driving POTE overexpression in EOC and other cancers is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of epigenetics in regulating POTE expression, with a focus on DNA hypomethylation. Consistent with their pericentromeric localization, Pan-POTE expression in EOC correlated with expression of the pericentromeric repeat NBL2, which was not the case for non-pericentromeric CTAs. POTE genomic regions contain LINE-1 (L1) sequences, and Pan-POTE expression correlated with both global and POTE-specific L1 hypomethylation in EOC. Analysis of individual POTEs using RNA-seq and DNA methylome data from fallopian tube epithelia (FTE) and HGSC revealed that POTEs C, E, and F have increased expression in HGSC in conjunction with DNA hypomethylation at 5' promoter or enhancer regions. Moreover, POTEs C/E/F showed additional increased expression in recurrent HGSC in conjunction with 5' hypomethylation, using patient-matched samples. Experiments using decitabine treatment and DNMT knockout cell lines verified a functional contribution of DNA methylation to POTE repression, and epigenetic drug combinations targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferases (HMTs) in combination with decitabine further increased POTE expression. In summary, several alterations of the cancer epigenome, including pericentromeric activation, global and locus-specific L1 hypomethylation, and locus-specific 5' CpG hypomethylation, converge to promote POTE expression in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Sharma
- a Eppley Institute , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Mustafa Albahrani
- a Eppley Institute , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Wa Zhang
- a Eppley Institute , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Christina N Kufel
- c Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA
| | - Smitha R James
- c Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- d Department of Immunology , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA.,e Department of Gynecologic Oncology , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA.,f Center for Immunotherapy , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA
| | - David Klinkebiel
- b Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,g Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Adam R Karpf
- a Eppley Institute , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center , Buffalo , NY , USA
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31
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Carlos-Reyes Á, López-González JS, Meneses-Flores M, Gallardo-Rincón D, Ruíz-García E, Marchat LA, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Hernández de la Cruz ON, López-Camarillo C. Dietary Compounds as Epigenetic Modulating Agents in Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:79. [PMID: 30881375 PMCID: PMC6406035 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms control gene expression during normal development and their aberrant regulation may lead to human diseases including cancer. Natural phytochemicals can largely modulate mammalian epigenome through regulation of mechanisms and proteins responsible for chromatin remodeling. Phytochemicals are mainly contained in fruits, seeds, and vegetables as well as in foods supplements. These compounds act as powerful cellular antioxidants and anti-carcinogens agents. Several dietary compounds such as catechins, curcumin, genistein, quercetin and resveratrol, among others, exhibit potent anti-tumor activities through the reversion of epigenetic alterations associated to oncogenes activation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In this review, we summarized the actual knowledge about the role of dietary phytochemicals in the restoration of aberrant epigenetic alterations found in cancer cells with a particular focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms by which these natural compounds modulate gene expression at epigenetic level and described their molecular targets in diverse types of cancer. Modulation of epigenetic activities by phytochemicals will allow the discovery of novel biomarkers for cancer prevention, and highlights its potential as an alternative therapeutic approach in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Sullivan López-González
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Meneses-Flores
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigación Traslacional en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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32
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Overcoming immune suppression with epigenetic modification in ovarian cancer. Transl Res 2019; 204:31-38. [PMID: 30048638 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The impressive successes of immunotherapy have yet to be reliably translated to treatment of ovarian cancer, which may be a consequence of the unique barriers to T cell migration and tumor engagement in the peritoneal cavity and omentum. Epigenetic alterations contribute to establishment of these barriers and other mechanisms of immune subversion; therefore, epigenetic modifying agents represent an opportunity to mount effective antitumor immune responses by disrupting this finely tuned tumor epigenetic framework. Here, we discuss how epigenetic modifiers might permit and stimulate de novo antitumor immune responses in ovarian cancer, focusing largely on 2 common classes, DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Specifically, increasing T and NK cell trafficking to the tumor microenvironment as well as induction of altered tumor cell phenotypes that promote immune engagement and cytotoxicity may provide a platform upon which to elaborate existing immunotherapeutic strategies. Indeed, promising combination of epigenetic modifying agents with checkpoint blockade antibodies or cellular therapies in preclinical models has led to a burgeoning number of clinical trials. Therefore, rather than implementation as a monotherapy, epigenetic modifiers may well be best suited as adjuvants in combinatorial strategies, potentiating antitumor immune responses and unleashing the promise of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.
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Hentze JL, Høgdall CK, Høgdall EV. Methylation and ovarian cancer: Can DNA methylation be of diagnostic use? Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 10:323-330. [PMID: 30847169 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a silent killer and, due to late diagnosis and frequent chemo resistance in patients, the primary cause of fatality amongst the various types of gynecological cancer. The discovery of a specific and sensitive biomarker for ovarian cancer could improve early diagnosis, thereby saving lives. Biomarkers could also improve treatment, by predicting which patients will benefit from specific treatment strategies. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism, and 'methylation imbalance' is characteristic of cancer. Previous research suggests that changes in DNA methylation can be used diagnostically, and that they may predict resistance to treatment. This paper gives an up-to-date overview of research investigating the potential of DNA methylation-based markers for diagnostics, prognostics, screening and prediction of drug resistance for ovarian cancer patients. DNA methylation cancer-biomarkers may be useful for cancer treatment, particularly since they are chemically stable and since cancer-associated changes in methylation typically precedes tumor growth. DNA methylation markers could improve diagnosis and treatment and might even be used for screening in the future. Furthermore, DNA methylation biomarkers could facilitate the development of precision medicine. However, at this point no biomarkers for ovarian cancer have a sufficient combination of sensitivity and specificity in a clinical setting. A reason for this is that most studies have focused on a single or a few methylation sites. More large screenings and genome-wide studies must be performed to increase the chance of identifying a DNA methylation marker which can identify ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L Hentze
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Claus K Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, The Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid V Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
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34
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Xie K, Fu C, Wang S, Xu H, Liu S, Shao Y, Gong Z, Wu X, Xu B, Han J, Xu J, Xu P, Jia X, Wu J. Cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancer: implication for biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:1. [PMID: 30609934 PMCID: PMC6318940 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0475-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains the most fatal gynecologic malignancy worldwide due to delayed diagnosis as well as recurrence and drug resistance. Thus, the development of new tumor-related molecules with high sensitivity and specificity to replace or supplement existing tools is urgently needed. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are exclusively expressed in normal testis tissues but abundantly found in several types of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Numerous novel CTAs have been identified by high-throughput sequencing techniques, and some aberrantly expressed CTAs are associated with ovarian cancer initiation, clinical outcomes and chemotherapy resistance. More importantly, CTAs are immunogenic and may be novel targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this review, we attempt to characterize the expression of candidate CTAs in ovarian cancer and their clinical significance as biomarkers, activation mechanisms, function in malignant phenotypes and applications in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Xie
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Chenyang Fu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Suli Wang
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Hanzi Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Yang Shao
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Zhen Gong
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jing Han
- Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Juan Xu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Jiangping Wu
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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35
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Barger CJ, Zhang W, Sharma A, Chee L, James SR, Kufel CN, Miller A, Meza J, Drapkin R, Odunsi K, Klinkebiel D, Karpf AR. Expression of the POTE gene family in human ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17136. [PMID: 30459449 PMCID: PMC6244393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The POTE family includes 14 genes in three phylogenetic groups. We determined POTE mRNA expression in normal tissues, epithelial ovarian and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (EOC, HGSC), and pan-cancer, and determined the relationship of POTE expression to ovarian cancer clinicopathology. Groups 1 & 2 POTEs showed testis-specific expression in normal tissues, consistent with assignment as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), while Group 3 POTEs were expressed in several normal tissues, indicating they are not CTAs. Pan-POTE and individual POTEs showed significantly elevated expression in EOC and HGSC compared to normal controls. Pan-POTE correlated with increased stage, grade, and the HGSC subtype. Select individual POTEs showed increased expression in recurrent HGSC, and POTEE specifically associated with reduced HGSC OS. Consistent with tumors, EOC cell lines had significantly elevated Pan-POTE compared to OSE and FTE cells. Notably, Group 1 & 2 POTEs (POTEs A/B/B2/C/D), Group 3 POTE-actin genes (POTEs E/F/I/J/KP), and other Group 3 POTEs (POTEs G/H/M) show within-group correlated expression, and pan-cancer analyses of tumors and cell lines confirmed this relationship. Based on their restricted expression in normal tissues and increased expression and association with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer, POTEs are potential oncogenes and therapeutic targets in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter J Barger
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Wa Zhang
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Linda Chee
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
| | - Smitha R James
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Christina N Kufel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jane Meza
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - David Klinkebiel
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6805, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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36
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Want MY, Lugade AA, Battaglia S, Odunsi K. Nature of tumour rejection antigens in ovarian cancer. Immunology 2018; 155:202-210. [PMID: 29772069 PMCID: PMC6142289 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major progress in the analysis of human immune responses to cancer has been made through the molecular characterization of human tumour antigens. The development of therapeutic strategies for eliciting immune-mediated rejection of tumours has accelerated due to the elucidation of the molecular basis for tumour cell recognition and destruction by immune cells. Of the various human tumour antigens defined to date in ovarian cancer, the cancer-testis (CT) family of antigens have been studied extensively preclinically and clinically because of their testis-restricted expression in normal tissues and ability to elicit robust immune responses. Recent developments in cancer sequencing technologies offer a unique opportunity to identify tumour mutations with the highest likelihood of being expressed and recognized by the immune system. Such mutations, or neoantigens, could potentially serve as specific immune targets for T-cell-mediated destruction of cancer cells. This review will highlight current work in selecting tumour rejection antigens in ovarian cancer for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Y. Want
- Center For ImmunotherapyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Amit A. Lugade
- Center For ImmunotherapyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
| | | | - Kunle Odunsi
- Center For ImmunotherapyRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNYUSA
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37
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Chodon T, Lugade AA, Battaglia S, Odunsi K. Emerging Role and Future Directions of Immunotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2018; 32:1025-1039. [PMID: 30390758 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical progress in cancer immunotherapy has been slow; however, within the last 5 years, breakthrough successes have brought immunotherapy to the forefront in cancer therapy. Promising results have been observed in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Most treatment modalities have shown limited efficacy as monotherapy. The complex nature of cancer and the immunosuppressive microenvironment emphasizes the need to personalize immunotherapy by manipulating the patient's own immune system. For successful and long-lasting cure of cancer, a multimodal approach is essential, combining antitumor cell therapy with manipulation of multiple pathways in the tumor microenvironment to ameliorate tumor-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinle Chodon
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Amit A Lugade
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sebastiano Battaglia
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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38
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Good CR, Panjarian S, Kelly AD, Madzo J, Patel B, Jelinek J, Issa JPJ. TET1-Mediated Hypomethylation Activates Oncogenic Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4126-4137. [PMID: 29891505 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Both gains and losses of DNA methylation are common in cancer, but the factors controlling this balance of methylation remain unclear. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype that does not overexpress hormone receptors or HER2/NEU, is one of the most hypomethylated cancers observed. Here, we discovered that the TET1 DNA demethylase is specifically overexpressed in about 40% of patients with TNBC, where it is associated with hypomethylation of up to 10% of queried CpG sites and a worse overall survival. Through bioinformatic analyses in both breast and ovarian cancer cell line panels, we uncovered an intricate network connecting TET1 to hypomethylation and activation of cancer-specific oncogenic pathways, including PI3K, EGFR, and PDGF. TET1 expression correlated with sensitivity to drugs targeting the PI3K-mTOR pathway, and CRISPR-mediated deletion of TET1 in two independent TNBC cell lines resulted in reduced expression of PI3K pathway genes, upregulation of immune response genes, and substantially reduced cellular proliferation, suggesting dependence of oncogenic pathways on TET1 overexpression. Our work establishes TET1 as a potential oncogene that contributes to aberrant hypomethylation in cancer and suggests that TET1 could serve as a druggable target for therapeutic intervention.Significance: This study addresses a critical gap in knowledge of how and why methylation is prognostic in breast cancer and shows how this information can be used to stratify patients with TNBC for targeted therapy. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4126-37. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charly Ryan Good
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shoghag Panjarian
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew D Kelly
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jozef Madzo
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bela Patel
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jaroslav Jelinek
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jean-Pierre J Issa
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Zhu XF, Zhu BS, Wu FM, Hu HB. DNA methylation biomarkers for the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma from TCGA data mining. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6777-6784. [PMID: 29667778 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of lung cancer is a combination of multifactor, multistage, and multiple genetic alterations processes. DNA methylation is an important factor. Currently, the study on the genome-scale epigenetic modification for studying the pathogenesis of lung cancer is still lacking. Here, we aimed to identify the epigenetic modifications of lung cancer, thus to provide scientific basis for the personalized medicine, and research of classification screening for lung adenocarcinoma patients. The DNA methylation data, and the corresponding clinical information of lung adenocarcinoma samples were extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We explored the association of DNA methylation and gene transcription expression of lung adenocarcinoma by identifying the differentially expressed genes, DNA methylated locis, functional gene clusters, and the relevant genes associated with the survival. We identified 17 differentially expressed genes which had differentially methylated locis, 4 functional gene clusters regulated by methylation, and 522 genes, which were relevant to the survival time of patients. Our study suggested that methylation controlled the gene expression in a variety of ways, which had high/low expression and hyper-/hypo-methylation. Genes of different methylation status showed the different survival curve. The genes and methylated locis identified in this study could be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Bi-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Fei-Ma Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Hai-Bo Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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Ma Y, Shen J, Wang LX. Successful treatment of high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome with decitabine-based chemotherapy followed by haploidentical lymphocyte infusion: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0434. [PMID: 29668607 PMCID: PMC5916686 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The current therapy for elderly patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) remains unsatisfactory. Decitabine, which has been approved to treat MDS, cannot eliminate malignant clones of MDS. PATIENT CONCERNS A 68-year-old woman presented with multiple divergent bleeding points in the subcutaneous tissue of the limb. Two years earlier, she had been diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast and had undergone left modified radical mastectomy and local radiation therapy. DIAGNOSES The patient was diagnosed with MDS refractory anemia with excess of blast II and was classified as very high risk according to the revised international prognostic scoring system. INTERVENTIONS The chemotherapy regimen consisted of decitabine (20 mg/m intravenously on days 1-5), cytarabine (10 mg/m every 12 hours subcutaneously on days 1-5), aclarubicin hydrochloride (20 mg intravenously on days 1, 3, and 5), and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (250 μg/d subcutaneously from day 0 to day 5). Peripheral mononuclear cells from her son were infused at 36 hours after the end of each chemotherapy cycle. The patient received a total of 4 cycles of the therapy. OUTCOMES The patient achieved complete remission after the first cycle of the treatment. There was no clinical evidence of MDS relapse as of 4 years after the completion of the treatment. LESSONS The results suggested that decitabine-based chemotherapy and haploidentical lymphocyte infusion may be act synergistically. Combination therapy is a suitable, safe, and effective treatment regimen for elderly patients with high-risk MDS.
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41
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Involvement of X-chromosome Reactivation in Augmenting Cancer Testis Antigens Expression: A Hypothesis. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:19-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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42
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Zhang W, Barger CJ, Eng KH, Klinkebiel D, Link PA, Omilian A, Bshara W, Odunsi K, Karpf AR. PRAME expression and promoter hypomethylation in epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45352-45369. [PMID: 27322684 PMCID: PMC5216727 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRAME is a cancer-testis antigen (CTA) and potential immuno-therapeutic target, but has not been well-studied in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or its high grade serous (HGSC) subtype. Compared to normal ovary, PRAME expression was significantly increased most EOC, regardless of stage and grade. Interestingly, PRAME mRNA expression was associated with improved survival in the HGSC subtype. The PRAME locus was a frequent target for copy number alterations (CNA) in HGSC but most changes were heterozygous losses, indicating that elevated PRAME expression is not typically due to CNA. In contrast, PRAME promoter DNA hypomethylation was very common in EOC and HGSC and correlated with increased PRAME expression. PRAME expression and promoter hypomethylation both correlated with LINE-1 hypomethylation, a biomarker of global DNA hypomethylation. Pharmacologic or genetic disruption of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes activated PRAME expression in EOC cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of PRAME in EOC revealed frequent, but low level, protein expression, and expression was confined to epithelial cells and localized to the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic PRAME expression was positively associated with PRAME mRNA expression and negatively associated with promoter methylation, but the latter correlation was not statistically significant. PRAME protein expression did not correlate with EOC clinicopathology or survival. In summary, PRAME is frequently expressed in EOC at the mRNA and protein levels, and DNA methylation is a key mechanism regulating its expression. These data support PRAME as an immunotherapy target in EOC, and suggest treatment with DNMT inhibitors as a means to augment PRAME immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Zhang
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Current address: Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carter J Barger
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin H Eng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David Klinkebiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Petra A Link
- Department of Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Angela Omilian
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Tang F, Tang S, Guo X, Yang C, Jia K. CT45A1 siRNA silencing suppresses the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of lung cancer cells by downregulating the ERK/CREB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6708-6714. [PMID: 28901509 PMCID: PMC5865787 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the cancer-testis antigen family 45 member A1 (CT45A1) in the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells, and the associated molecular mechanisms. Western blotting determined that the expression of CT45A1 in normal lung cells was far lower than that observed in lung cancer cells. Following the transfection of CT45A1 small (or short) interfering (si)RNA and its negative control into A549 cells using Lipofectamine 2000, the CT45A1 protein and mRNA levels were determined further by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Following CT45A1 siRNA transfection, the levels of CT45A1 in lung cancer cells were markedly reduced (P<0.01). Then, cell viability and apoptosis were investigated with a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Transwell assays were employed to evaluate the migration and invasion of A549 cells. When compared with the negative control, the viability, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells treated with CT45A1 siRNA were suppressed and apoptosis was promoted (all P<0.01). In addition, the levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), survivin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and p-CREB were assessed by western blotting. Following CT45A1 silencing, the expressions of Bcl-2, survivin, MMP2, MMP9, p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB were downregulated and the expression of Bax was upregulated (all P<0.01). It was concluded that CT45A1 siRNA silencing suppressed the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of lung cancer cells by downregulating the ERK/CREB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Three Gorges Center Hospital, Chongqing 404000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Jia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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Abdelbaset-Ismail A, Pedziwiatr D, Schneider G, Niklinski J, Charkiewicz R, Moniuszko M, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. Pituitary sex hormones enhance the pro‑metastatic potential of human lung cancer cells by downregulating the intracellular expression of heme oxygenase‑1. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:317-328. [PMID: 27922667 PMCID: PMC5182010 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that human lung cancer cell lines express functional receptors for pituitary sex hormones (SexHs) and respond to stimulation by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL). Expression of these receptors has also been confirmed in patient lung cancer samples at the mRNA level. Stimulation of human lung cancer cell lines with FSH, LH, or PRL stimulated migration and chemotaxis, and some cell lines responded by enhanced proliferation. Moreover, priming of human lung cancer cells by exposing them to pituitary SexHs resulted in enhanced seeding efficiency of injected human lung cancer cells into bone marrow, liver, and lungs in an immunodeficient mouse model. The chemotaxis of lung cancer cell lines corresponded with the activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as stimulation of these cells by FSH, LH, and PRL downregulated its expression in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner. Moreover, while downregulation of HO-1 by the small-molecule inhibitor tin protoporphyrin (SnPP) promoted migration, upregulation of HO-1 by the small-molecule activator cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) showed the opposite effect. Based on this finding, we propose that pituitary SexHs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, particularly when the blood level of FSH increases due to gonadal dysfunction with advanced age. Finally, we propose that upregulation of HO-1 expression by a small-molecule activator may be effective in controlling SexH-induced cell migration in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Daniel Pedziwiatr
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gabriela Schneider
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magda Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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45
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Epigenetic events in male common urogenital organs cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrpr.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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46
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Jing Y, Jin X, Wang L, Dou L, Wang Q, Yao Y, Lian S, Zhou J, Zhu H, Yao Z, Gao L, Wang L, Li Y, Bai X, Fang M, Yu L. Decitabine-based chemotherapy followed by haploidentical lymphocyte infusion improves the effectiveness in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 8:53654-53663. [PMID: 28881839 PMCID: PMC5581138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we first initiated a multicenter, single-arm, phase-II clinical trial using decitabine (DAC) (20mg/m2 for five days) based chemotherapy, followed by haploidentical lymphocyte infusion (HLI) that was applied as induction therapy for elderly patients with AML. Furthermore, the role of HLI infusion was explored in a mouse model. The clinical trial included 29 elderly patients (median age: 64, range 57-77) with AML. Sixteen cases achieved complete remission (CR) and 9 cases achieved partial remission (PR) after the first treatment cycle. Of the patients with PR, 5 subjects achieved remission after the second induction, which brings the overall CR rate to 72.4%. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was 59.6% and 36.9% respectively. The treatment regimen was well tolerated with only one patient died of severe pneumonia one month after the first treatment. In the mouse experiment, we found that DAC/HLI significantly enhanced the survival of leukemic mice. These results suggested that DAC-based chemotherapy combined with HLI is an alternative first line induction therapy for elderly patients with AML. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01690507).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jing
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangshu Jin
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Hematology, Navy General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Dou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanshun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yushi Yao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shimei Lian
- Department of Hematology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihao Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong Yao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Meiyun Fang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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47
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Bai H, Cao D, Yang J, Li M, Zhang Z, Shen K. Genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity of epithelial ovarian cancer and the clinical implications for molecular targeted therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:581-93. [PMID: 26800494 PMCID: PMC5125785 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy, and tumoural heterogeneity (TH) has been blamed for treatment failure. The genomic and epigenomic atlas of EOC varies significantly with tumour histotype, grade, stage, sensitivity to chemotherapy and prognosis. Rapidly accumulating knowledge about the genetic and epigenetic events that control TH in EOC has facilitated the development of molecular-targeted therapy. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, designed to target homologous recombination, are poised to change how breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA)-related ovarian cancer is treated. Epigenetic treatment regimens being tested in clinical or preclinical studies could provide promising novel treatment approaches and hope for improving patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menghui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Keng Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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