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Laceulle OM, Rienks K, Meijer L, de Moor EL, Karreman A. A developmental approach to youth maladaptive personality traits: Variable- versus person-centered change in the transition from childhood to adolescence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08902070221130116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that personality pathology starts to develop from (late) childhood onwards. The current study extends previous research by examining maladaptive personality change using both a variable-centered approach (i.e., mean-level changes) and a person-centered approach (i.e., latent profile transitions). Data were used from a 3-wave longitudinal study on Dutch youth (at T1: N = 492, mean age = 10.1). Maladaptive personality traits (i.e., Emotional Instability, Disagreeableness, Introversion, and Compulsivity) were assessed yearly using the Dimensional Personality Symptom Item Pool (DIPSI). A Factor of Curves model indicated presence of a higher-order developmental factor, reflecting low initial levels and small decreases over time, which explained change in all DIPSI traits. Latent profile analyses revealed three quantitatively different maladaptive personality trait profiles. Latent Transition Analysis demonstrated substantial stability in profiles over time. Small groups showed a transition toward another (often more adaptive) profile. Although a person-centered approach may have some merit when aiming to detect high-risk subgroups, the current results suggest that a variable-centered approach—and a Factor of Curves model capturing shared underlying developmental processes in particular—is favorable over a person-centered approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odilia M Laceulle
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Rienks
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurien Meijer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth L de Moor
- Department of Youth and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Karreman
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS, Centre of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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2
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Israel A, Brandt ND, Spengler M, Göllner R, Lüdtke O, Trautwein U, Wagner J. The longitudinal interplay of personality and school experiences in adolescence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08902070211062326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The school environment is one key developmental context that is assumed to shape individual characteristics during adolescence. However, little is known about which school experiences are central to personality change or whether school experiences and personality co-shape each other over time. We address this gap by examining the longitudinal interplay between seven school experiences in the three domains of achievement, social relationships, and well-being, and the Big Five personality traits at four measurement points from fifth to eighth grade. By using data from the German TRAIN study ( N = 3,473, MageT1 = 11.1 years, 45% female), we estimated bivariate latent growth curve models and cross-lagged panel models to illustrate this longitudinal interplay. Results demonstrated correlated change between school experiences and personality with differentiated patterns for achievement variables and a general longitudinal interplay with the social relationship and well-being variables. Furthermore, we found cross-lagged effects in both directions, although there were more effects of personality on school experiences. The most consistent predictor of school experiences was conscientiousness, whereas well-being in school in particular was related to personality change 1 year later. We integrate our findings into the current picture of personality development in adolescence and the role of school-related environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Israel
- Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Naemi D Brandt
- Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marion Spengler
- Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Richard Göllner
- Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Lüdtke
- Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education, Kiel, Germany
- Centre for International Student Assessment (ZIB), Germany
| | - Ulrich Trautwein
- Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jenny Wagner
- Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Klimstra TA, Hale WW, Raaijmakers QAW, Branje SJT, Meeus WHJ. A developmental typology of adolescent personality. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to examine whether Block's personality types (i.e. Resilients, Undercontrollers and Overcontrollers) are replicable as developmental trajectories. We applied a Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) framework to five‐ annual‐wave data on a sample of early to middle adolescents (n = 923). Our results showed that Block's Resilients, Undercontrollers and Overcontrollers are indeed replicable as developmental trajectories across adolescence. These developmental types were related to problem behaviour in a similar way as types found in studies using cross‐sectional data. As such, Resilients reflected low levels of problem behaviour, Undercontrollers had high levels of delinquency and Overcontrollers had high levels of depression. Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo A. Klimstra
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - William W. Hale
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | - Susan J. T. Branje
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H. J. Meeus
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Akse J, Hale B, Engels R, Raaijmakers Q, Meeus W. Co‐occurrence of depression and delinquency in personality types. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although the co‐occurrence between adolescent depression and delinquency has been well‐studied, the nature of the longitudinal associations is not yet clear. To clarify this we examined whether personality type is a moderator in the longitudinal co‐occurrence of depression and delinquency. A total of 338 young and middle adolescents completed questionnaires about depression, delinquency and personality in 3 yearly waves of the CONflict And Management Of RElationships (CONAMORE). We found that the stable overcontrollers showed the highest mean level on depression and that the stable undercontrollers showed the highest mean level on delinquency. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the longitudinal co‐occurrence between depression and delinquency was best described by means of a stability model, in which personality type membership proved to be an important moderator. The three personality types differed significantly on the rank‐order stability of both depression and delinquency. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Akse
- Utrecht University, Adolescent Development, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bill Hale
- Utrecht University, Adolescent Development, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger Engels
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Pedagogical and Educational Science, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wim Meeus
- Utrecht University, Adolescent Development, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yu Y, Yang L, Sun Y, Jin C, Zhang Y. Intervention on Externalizing Problems of Undercontrolled Personality Types in Primary School Students. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1233. [PMID: 32714227 PMCID: PMC7344270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Three personality types (resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled) have been repeatedly verified across different languages and cultures, different personality models, and different stages of development. Undercontrollers are socially maladapted types with high impulsivity and low self-control. Research shows they are at risk for externalizing problems, such as aggressiveness, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior. The aim of this study was to develop an intervention to reduce externalizing problems of undercontrolled personality types in primary school students. Participants were 69 undercontrolled primary school students from two primary schools in North China. The experimental group underwent 14 weeks of systematic experiential mental health activities, while the control group performed typical daily classroom activities. Personality and externalizing problem behaviors were measured before the intervention, at the end of the intervention, and 4 months post-intervention. The results showed that the intervention significantly reduced the level of externalizing problems of undercontrolled primary school students. The effects of the intervention were maintained at the 4-month follow-up. This study provides some reference and suggestions on how to intervene in the externalizing problem behaviors of undercontrolled primary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Yu
- School of Philosophy and Sociology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lizhu Yang
- College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Ying Zhang
- Shidao Street Primary School, Dalian, China
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Foster B, Lomas J, Downey L, Stough C. Does Emotional Intelligence Mediate the Relation Between Mindfulness and Anxiety and Depression in Adolescents? Front Psychol 2018; 9:2463. [PMID: 30618918 PMCID: PMC6300066 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
High anxiety and depression are often observed in the Australian adolescent population, and if left untreated, can have long-term negative consequences impacting educational attainment and a range of important life outcomes. The utilization of mindfulness techniques has been associated with decreased anxiety and depression, but the underlying mechanisms for this is only beginning to be understood. Previous research with adult samples has suggested that the development of emotional intelligence (EI) may be one mechanism by which mindfulness confers its benefits on wellbeing. This study is the first to examine the relation between mindfulness, EI, anxiety, and depression in an adolescent population. It was hypothesized that EI would mediate the relationships between mindfulness and anxiety, as well as mindfulness and depression. The sample consisted of 108 adolescents from a public secondary school, aged between 13 and 15 years (Mage = 13.68, SDage = 0.56, 51 males and 57 females). Participants completed an online self-report questionnaire which measured dispositional mindfulness, EI, anxiety, and depression. The results indicated that one subscale of EI – Emotional Recognition and Expression (ERE) mediated the relation between mindfulness and anxiety, while two subscales of EI – ERE and Emotional Management and Control (EMC) mediated the relation between mindfulness and depression. Future research utilizing a mindfulness intervention should be conducted to examine whether the use of mindfulness increases EI and decreases anxiety and depression in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid Foster
- Department of Psychological Science, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Justine Lomas
- Emotional Intelligence Research Unit, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke Downey
- Department of Psychological Science, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Emotional Intelligence Research Unit, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Con Stough
- Department of Psychological Science, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Emotional Intelligence Research Unit, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Franken A, Laceulle OM, Van Aken MA, Ormel J. Using Response Surface Analysis to Interpret the Impact of Parent-Offspring Personality Similarity on Adolescent Externalizing Problems. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2017; 31:104-117. [PMID: 28303077 PMCID: PMC5324657 DOI: 10.1002/per.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Personality similarity between parent and offspring has been suggested to play an important role in offspring's development of externalizing problems. Nonetheless, much remains unknown regarding the nature of this association. This study aimed to investigate the effects of parent-offspring similarity at different levels of personality traits, comparing expectations based on evolutionary and goodness-of-fit perspectives. Two waves of data from the TRAILS study (N = 1587, 53% girls) were used to study parent-offspring similarity at different levels of personality traits at age 16 predicting externalizing problems at age 19. Polynomial regression analyses and Response Surface Analyses were used to disentangle effects of different levels and combinations of parents and offspring personality similarity. Although several facets of the offspring's personality had an impact on offspring's externalizing problems, few similarity effects were found. Therefore, there is little support for assumptions based on either an evolutionary or a goodness-of-fit perspective. Instead, our findings point in the direction that offspring personality, and at similar levels also parent personality might impact the development of externalizing problems during late adolescence. © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aart Franken
- Department of Developmental PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Odillia M. Laceulle
- Department of Medical and Clinical PsychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Ormel
- University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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8
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Nieuwenhuis J, Yu R, Branje S, Meeus W, Hooimeijer P. Neighbourhood Poverty, Work Commitment and Unemployment in Early Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study into the Moderating Effect of Personality. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167830. [PMID: 27936132 PMCID: PMC5148026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied how personality moderates the effect of neighbourhood disadvantage on work commitment and unemployment in early adulthood. Using a personality typology of resilients, overcontrollers, and undercontrollers, we hypothesised that the association between neighbourhood poverty and both work commitment and unemployment would be stronger for overcontrollers and undercontrollers than for resilients. We used longitudinal data (N = 249) to test whether the length of exposure to neighbourhood poverty between age 16 and 21 predicts work commitment and unemployment at age 25. In line with our hypothesis, the findings showed that longer exposure was related to weaker work commitment among undercontrollers and overcontrollers and to higher unemployment among undercontrollers. Resilients’ work commitment and unemployment were not predicted by neighbourhood poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap Nieuwenhuis
- OTB–Research for the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Rongqin Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Branje
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Meeus
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Hooimeijer
- Urban and Regional research centre Utrecht (URU), Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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9
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Yu R, Branje S, Keijsers L, Meeus W. Associations between young adult romantic relationship quality and problem behaviors: An examination of personality–environment interactions. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Yu R, Branje S, Keijsers L, Meeus WHJ. Personality effects on romantic relationship quality through friendship quality: a ten-year longitudinal study in youths. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102078. [PMID: 25232964 PMCID: PMC4169403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether individuals with different personality types (i.e., overcontrollers, undercontrollers, resilients) had different friendship quality development throughout adolescence. It also investigated whether personality types were indirectly related to romantic relationship quality in young adulthood, via friendship quality development in adolescence. The study employed six waves of longitudinal questionnaire data from Dutch youths who had a romantic relationship when they were young adults. Two age cohorts were followed, from 12 to 21 years and from 16 to 25 years, respectively. Findings showed that resilients reported higher mean levels of friendship quality during adolescence (i.e., more support from, less negative interaction with and less dominance from their best friend) than both overcontrollers and undercontrollers. Through the mean levels of friendship quality throughout adolescence, resilients indirectly experienced higher romantic relationship quality during young adulthood than both overcontrollers and undercontrollers. Thus, results provide support for a developmental model in which adolescent friendship quality is a mechanism linking personality types with young adulthood romantic relationship quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqin Yu
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim H. J. Meeus
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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11
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Leikas S, Salmela-Aro K. Personality types during transition to young adulthood: How are they related to life situation and well-being? J Adolesc 2014; 37:753-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Hessels C, van den Hanenberg D, de Castro BO, van Aken MAG. Relationships: empirical contribution. Understanding personality pathology in adolescents: the five factor model of personality and social information processing. J Pers Disord 2014; 28:121-42. [PMID: 24344893 DOI: 10.1521/pedi.2014.28.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study seeks to integrate two research traditions that lie at the base of the understanding of personality pathology in adolescents. The first research tradition refers to normal personality according to the Five Factor Model (FFM). The second tradition specifies the key feature of personality disorder as the capacity to mentalize, which can be reflected in Social Information Processing (SIP). In a clinical sample of 96 adolescents, the authors investigated response generation, coping strategy, and memories of past frustrating experiences as part of SIP, as mediator in the relationship between personality and personality pathology, and a possible moderating role of personality on the relationship between SIP and personality pathology. The hypothesized mediation, by which the effects of personality dimensions on personality pathology was expected to be mediated by SIP variables, was found only for the effect of Neuroticism, most specifically on BPD, which appeared to be mediated by memories the patients had about past frustrating conflict situations with peers. Some moderating effects of personality on the relationship between SIP variables and personality pathology were found, suggesting that high Agreeableness and sometimes low Neuroticism can buffer this relationship. These results suggest that personality dimensions and social cognitions both independently and together play a role in adolescents' personality pathology.
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Baams L, Overbeek G, Dubas JS, van Aken MAG. On early starters and late bloomers: the development of sexual behavior in adolescence across personality types. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2014; 51:754-64. [PMID: 24007372 PMCID: PMC4131265 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.802758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between personality and sexual development among mid-adolescents. In the current study, we used a person-centered approach to investigate the relation between personality types and the development of sexual behavior. We hypothesized that undercontrolling adolescents would engage in more advanced, casual, and risky sexual behavior compared to their resilient and overcontrolling peers. Data were used from 407 mid-adolescents (Mage = 14.5) followed across four measurement waves spanning 18 months. Results from latent class analyses (LCA) identified the three classical personality types: resilients, undercontrollers, and overcontrollers. Controlling for perceived pubertal timing and biological sex, latent growth curve analyses in Mplus showed that, at baseline, undercontrollers were more sexually experienced and engaged in more casual and risky sexual behavior than resilients and overcontrollers. Although initial levels of sexual behavior differed by personality types, over time increases in sexual behavior occurred at a similar rate across the types. Overall, the current study showed that undercontrolling adolescents are early sexual developers who engage in more advanced, casual, and risky sexual behavior than other adolescents. The implications of these findings for longer-term differences in sexual behavior between personality types in later adolescence are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baams
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University
- Correspondence should be addressed to Laura Baams, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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Alessandri G, Vecchione M, Donnellan BM, Eisenberg N, Caprara GV, Cieciuch J. On the Cross-Cultural Replicability of the Resilient, Undercontrolled, and Overcontrolled Personality Types. J Pers 2013; 82:340-53. [DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Slane JD, Klump KL, Donnellan MB, McGue M, Iacono WG. The dysregulated cluster in personality profiling research: longitudinal stability and associations with bulimic behaviors and correlates. J Pers Disord 2013; 27:337-58. [PMID: 23398096 PMCID: PMC3887551 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2013_27_091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Among cluster analytic studies of the personality profiles associated with bulimia nervosa, a group of individuals characterized by emotional lability and behavioral dysregulation (i.e., a dysregulated cluster) has emerged most consistently. However, previous studies have all been cross-sectional and mostly used clinical samples. This study aimed to replicate associations between the dysregulated personality cluster and bulimic symptoms and related characteristics using a longitudinal, population-based sample. Participants were females assessed at ages 17 and 25 from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, clustered based on their personality traits. The Dysregulated cluster was successfully identified at both time points and was more stable across time than either the Resilient or Sensation Seeking clusters. Rates of bulimic symptoms and related behaviors (e.g., alcohol use problems) were also highest in the dysregulated group. Findings suggest that the dysregulated cluster is a relatively stable and robust profile that is associated with bulimic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Slane
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan,Corresponding Author, University of Michigan Addiction Research Center, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Road, Office 2433, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2700, P: 734-232-0456; F: 734-998-7992,
| | | | | | - Matthew McGue
- Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota
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Klimstra T. Adolescent Personality Development and Identity Formation. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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van de Schoot R, Mulder J, Hoijtink H, Van Aken MAG, Semon Dubas J, Orobio de Castro B, Meeus W, Romeijn JW. An introduction to Bayesian model selection for evaluating informative hypotheses. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2011.621799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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18
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Longitudinal associations between perceived parent-child relationship quality and depressive symptoms in adolescence. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2010; 38:751-63. [PMID: 20217211 PMCID: PMC2902740 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-010-9401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined bidirectional paths between perceived parent-adolescent relationship quality and depressive symptoms, as well as the moderating role of sex, age, and personality type. 1313 Dutch adolescents (51% girls) from two cohorts (923 12-year olds and 390 16-year olds at Wave 1) reported on their personality, depressive symptoms, and perceived relationship quality to parents in four waves. Consistent with a relationship erosion perspective, depressive symptoms negatively predicted perceived relationship quality with parents. Relationship quality to mothers predicted depressive symptoms for boys and girls, but relationship quality to fathers predicted depressive symptoms only for boys. Personality type only moderated initial associations between relationship quality with mothers and depressive symptoms, which were stronger for Overcontrollers and Undercontrollers than for Resilients. Results thus reveal a pattern of mutual influence between perceived relationship quality and depressive symptoms that is moderated by the interplay among parent and adolescent sex and adolescent personality type.
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Crocetti E, Klimstra T, Keijsers L, Hale WW, Meeus W. Anxiety trajectories and identity development in adolescence: a five-wave longitudinal study. J Youth Adolesc 2008; 38:839-49. [PMID: 19636785 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-008-9302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this five-wave longitudinal study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and adolescent identity development. Participants were 1,313 adolescents who annually completed measures of anxiety and identity. Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) analyses demonstrated that the adolescent population was best typified by two latent growth trajectory classes: a low anxiety class (n = 1,199) characterized by a low initial level of anxiety that decreased over time and a high anxiety class (n = 114) characterized by a higher initial level of anxiety that increased over time. To answer our research question, we tested a model in which the anxiety classes predicted initial levels and rates of change of three identity dimensions: commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment. Findings indicated that the high anxiety adolescents displayed a more troublesome identity development than their low anxiety peers, since their commitments became weaker with age, and they reconsidered them intensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Macerata, Italy, P.O. Box: Piazzale Luigi Bertelli (Contrada Vallebona), Macerata 62100, Italy.
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Akse J, Hale WW, Engels RCME, Raaijmakers QAW, Meeus WHJ. Stability and change in personality type membership and anxiety in adolescence. J Adolesc 2007; 30:813-34. [PMID: 17234264 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Revised: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the stability and changeability of personality has long been debated, many studies now agree that personality changes over the life course. Although the changes in rank-order and mean-level stability are well established, the stability in personality type membership during adolescence is not yet clear. Little research has been conducted on the associations between change in personality type membership and anxiety. A total of 827 adolescents (10-20 years) completed personality and anxiety questionnaires on 2 waves of the CONflict And Management Of RElationships study (CONAMORE). We found that the stability in personality type membership was moderate. The change from undercontroller to overcontroller was the most frequently occurring change. Furthermore, the stability in type membership was related to stability in anxiety level and change in type membership was related to anxiety change. More specifically, the resilient-overcontroller group demonstrated an increase in anxiety level, whereas the overcontroller-resilient group demonstrated a decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Akse
- Utrecht University, Research Centre Adolescent Development, P.O. Box 80.140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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