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Han M, Xu J, Lin Y. Approaches of formulation bridging in support of orally administered drug product development. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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2
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Xiang X, Shi D, Gao J. The Advances and Biomedical Applications of Imageable Nanomaterials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:914105. [PMID: 35866027 PMCID: PMC9294271 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.914105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine shows great potential in screening, diagnosing and treating diseases. However, given the limitations of current technology, detection of some smaller lesions and drugs’ dynamic monitoring still need to be improved. With the advancement of nanotechnology, researchers have produced various nanomaterials with imaging capabilities which have shown great potential in biomedical research. Here, we summarized the researches based on the characteristics of imageable nanomaterials, highlighted the advantages and biomedical applications of imageable nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and discussed current challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Doudou Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Jianbo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianbo Gao,
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3
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Xu J, Zhang L, Shao X. Applications of bio-predictive dissolution tools for the development of solid oral dosage forms: Current industry experience. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:79-97. [PMID: 35786119 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2098315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Development and optimization of orally administered drug products often require bio-predictive tools to help with informing formulation and manufacturing decisions. Reliable bio-predictive dissolution toolkits not only allow rational development of target formulations without having to conduct excessive in vivo studies but also help in detecting critical material attributes (CMAs), critical formulation variables (CFVs), or critical process parameters (CPPs) that could impact a drug's in vivo performance. To provide early insights for scientists on the development of a bio-predictive method for drug product development, this review summarizes current phase-appropriate bio-predictive dissolution approaches applicable to address typical concerns on solubility-limited absorption, food effect, achlorhydria, development of extended-release formulation, clinically relevant specification, and biowaiver. The selection of an in vitro method which can capture the key rate-limiting step(s) of the in vivo dissolution and/or absorption is considered to have a better chance to produce a meaningful in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) or in vitro-in vivo relationship (IVIVR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Inc., 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United State
| | - Limin Zhang
- Analytical Strategy and Operations, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Co., One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United State
| | - Xi Shao
- Analytical R&D, Development Science, AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Rd, North Chicago, IL, 60064, United States
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4
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Chemotherapy-induced hearing loss: the applications of bio-nanotechnologies and bile acid-based delivery matrices. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:723-737. [PMID: 34697955 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancement in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced hearing loss has proposed new nano-based delivery matrices that can target inner ear regions most damaged by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy agents (e.g., cisplatin) induce increased reactive oxygen species formation in the inner ear that damage sensory hair cells and result in irreversible hearing impairment. Exogenous antioxidants (e.g., Probucol and metformin) have been shown to block the formation of these reactive oxygen species. Delivery of these drugs in effective concentrations remains a challenge. Microencapsulation in combination with drug excipients provides one technique to effectively deliver these drugs. This paper investigates the use of probucol and metformin in combination with drug excipients for novel, inner ear, delivery.
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Vinarov Z, Abrahamsson B, Artursson P, Batchelor H, Berben P, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Butler J, Ceulemans J, Davies N, Dupont D, Flaten GE, Fotaki N, Griffin BT, Jannin V, Keemink J, Kesisoglou F, Koziolek M, Kuentz M, Mackie A, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, McAllister M, Müllertz A, O'Driscoll CM, Parrott N, Paszkowska J, Pavek P, Porter CJH, Reppas C, Stillhart C, Sugano K, Toader E, Valentová K, Vertzoni M, De Wildt SN, Wilson CG, Augustijns P. Current challenges and future perspectives in oral absorption research: An opinion of the UNGAP network. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:289-331. [PMID: 33610694 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although oral drug delivery is the preferred administration route and has been used for centuries, modern drug discovery and development pipelines challenge conventional formulation approaches and highlight the insufficient mechanistic understanding of processes critical to oral drug absorption. This review presents the opinion of UNGAP scientists on four key themes across the oral absorption landscape: (1) specific patient populations, (2) regional differences in the gastrointestinal tract, (3) advanced formulations and (4) food-drug interactions. The differences of oral absorption in pediatric and geriatric populations, the specific issues in colonic absorption, the formulation approaches for poorly water-soluble (small molecules) and poorly permeable (peptides, RNA etc.) drugs, as well as the vast realm of food effects, are some of the topics discussed in detail. The identified controversies and gaps in the current understanding of gastrointestinal absorption-related processes are used to create a roadmap for the future of oral drug absorption research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahari Vinarov
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bertil Abrahamsson
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hannah Batchelor
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Berben
- Pharmaceutical Development, UCB Pharma SA, Braine- l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - James Butler
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Ware, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nigel Davies
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute for Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Anette Müllertz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Petr Pavek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | - Christos Reppas
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kiyohiko Sugano
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Elena Toader
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Saskia N De Wildt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Clive G Wilson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Impact of gastrointestinal tract variability on oral drug absorption and pharmacokinetics: An UNGAP review. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 162:105812. [PMID: 33753215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The absorption of oral drugs is frequently plagued by significant variability with potentially serious therapeutic consequences. The source of variability can be traced back to interindividual variability in physiology, differences in special populations (age- and disease-dependent), drug and formulation properties, or food-drug interactions. Clinical evidence for the impact of some of these factors on drug pharmacokinetic variability is mounting: e.g. gastric pH and emptying time, small intestinal fluid properties, differences in pediatrics and the elderly, and surgical changes in gastrointestinal anatomy. However, the link of colonic factors variability (transit time, fluid composition, microbiome), sex differences (male vs. female) and gut-related diseases (chronic constipation, anorexia and cachexia) to drug absorption variability has not been firmly established yet. At the same time, a way to decrease oral drug pharmacokinetic variability is provided by the pharmaceutical industry: clinical evidence suggests that formulation approaches employed during drug development can decrease the variability in oral exposure. This review outlines the main drivers of oral drug exposure variability and potential approaches to overcome them, while highlighting existing knowledge gaps and guiding future studies in this area.
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Drug Disposition in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract: Targeting and Monitoring. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020161. [PMID: 33530468 PMCID: PMC7912393 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of colonic diseases calls for a better understanding of the various colonic drug absorption barriers of colon-targeted formulations, and for reliable in vitro tools that accurately predict local drug disposition. In vivo relevant incubation conditions have been shown to better capture the composition of the limited colonic fluid and have resulted in relevant degradation and dissolution kinetics of drugs and formulations. Furthermore, drug hurdles such as efflux transporters and metabolising enzymes, and the presence of mucus and microbiome are slowly integrated into drug stability- and permeation assays. Traditionally, the well characterized Caco-2 cell line and the Ussing chamber technique are used to assess the absorption characteristics of small drug molecules. Recently, various stem cell-derived intestinal systems have emerged, closely mimicking epithelial physiology. Models that can assess microbiome-mediated drug metabolism or enable coculturing of gut microbiome with epithelial cells are also increasingly explored. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the colonic physiology in relation to drug absorption, and review colon-targeting formulation strategies and in vitro tools to characterize colonic drug disposition.
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Xu J, Lin Y, Zawaneh PN, Nestorov I, Leung CY, Boulas P. Prediction of in vivo performance of oral extended release formulations prior to clinical evaluation: A case study for enteric coated polymeric beads formulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 158:222-232. [PMID: 33279603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To reduce cost and time for product development, an ideal strategy for the development of oral extended release (ER) product is to identify the desired formulation with minimum needsfor clinical evaluation. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of adopting a "prediction-then-validation" strategy for the development of oral ER formulations. Instead of the traditional approach using multiple ER formulations for IVIVC development, an enteric-coated fast release formulation was successfully utilized for the development of a biopredictive tool to estimate the drug release from enteric coated polymeric ER formulations in the intestine. A TS1 (time scale factor between Tvitro and Tvivo equals to 1) system was designed and developed, based on which the in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) performance of ER formulations in dog and in human were well predicted prior to in vivo evaluations. The model further passed a posteriori validation using the criteria for level A IVIVC and, as designed, provided a Tscale value of 1 for the IVIVC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen, 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States.
| | - Yiqing Lin
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen, 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Peter N Zawaneh
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen, 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Ivan Nestorov
- Clinical Pharmacology, Biogen, 300 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Cheuk-Yui Leung
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen, 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Pierre Boulas
- Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen, 115 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
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El‐Mayta R, Zhang R, Shepherd SJ, Wang F, Billingsley MM, Dudkin V, Klein D, Lu HD, Mitchell MJ. A Nanoparticle Platform for Accelerated In Vivo Oral Delivery Screening of Nucleic Acids. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakan El‐Mayta
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Sarah J. Shepherd
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | | | - Vadim Dudkin
- Janssen Research & Development Spring House PA 19477 USA
| | - Donna Klein
- Janssen Research & Development Spring House PA 19477 USA
| | - Hoang D. Lu
- Janssen Research & Development Spring House PA 19477 USA
| | - Michael J. Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Abramson Cancer Center Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Institute for Immunology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Cardiovascular Institute Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Cruz R, Mendes E, Maulvault AL, Marques A, Casal S, Cunha SC. Bioaccessibility of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their methoxylated metabolites in cooked seafood after using a multi-compartment in vitro digestion model. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126462. [PMID: 32197177 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) comprise a major class of brominated flame retardants and are well-known endocrine disruptors. The dietary route, through contaminated seafood consumption, is a main contributor to human exposure. Hence, the aim of this work was to provide thorough information on the dietary pathway of PBDEs and their methoxylated metabolites (MeO-PBDEs) after consumption of contaminated cooked seafood. The analyses were performed by gas chromatography (tandem) mass spectrometry using environmental-friendly extractive methods validated for fish and samples from several digestion segments with limits of detection at the pictogram level (per gram or milliliter of sample). Selected fish species were artificially contaminated and cooked using common household practices (steamed, grilled and microwaved), resulting in considerable loss of pollutants (up to 32% loss), with significant differences between cooking methods and species. Finally, an in vitro method that simulates four human adult digestion steps (oral, gastric digestion, small and large intestinal digestion) was applied to raw and cooked fish. Bioaccessibility of PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs in small intestinal was low (below 24%), pointing to a heavy impact in gut microbiota. Nevertheless, gut microbiota was able to reduce the amounts of targeted contaminants (up to 82%) in the large intestine. The results achieved herein are of great value to predict both amounts and nature of PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs that seafood consumers may be exposed after the ingestion of contaminated food as to ascertain more accurately the impact on human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Cruz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eulália Mendes
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Maulvault
- IPMA, Divisão de Aquacultura e Valorização, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006, Lisboa, Portugal; CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- IPMA, Divisão de Aquacultura e Valorização, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006, Lisboa, Portugal; CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Casal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Markovic M, Zur M, Fine-Shamir N, Haimov E, González-Álvarez I, Dahan A. Segmental-Dependent Solubility and Permeability as Key Factors Guiding Controlled Release Drug Product Development. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E295. [PMID: 32214015 PMCID: PMC7151103 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main factors influencing the absorption of orally administered drugs are solubility and permeability, which are location-dependent and may vary along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The purpose of this work was to investigate segmental-dependent intestinal absorption and its role in controlled-release (CR) drug product development. The solubility/dissolution and permeability of carvedilol (vs. metoprolol) were thoroughly studied, in vitro/in vivo (Octanol-buffer distribution coefficients (Log D), parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), rat intestinal perfusion), focusing on location-dependent effects. Carvedilol exhibits changing solubility in different conditions throughout the GIT, attributable to its zwitterionic nature. A biorelevant pH-dilution dissolution study for carvedilol immediate release (IR) vs. CR scenario elucidates that while the IR dose (25 mg) may dissolve in the GIT luminal conditions, higher doses used in CR products would precipitate if administered at once, highlighting the advantage of CR from the solubility/dissolution point of view. Likewise, segmental-dependent permeability was evident, with higher permeability of carvedilol vs. the low/high Peff marker metoprolol throughout the GIT, confirming it as a biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II drug. Theoretical analysis of relevant physicochemical properties confirmed these results as well. A CR product may shift the carvedilol's solubility behavior from class II to I since only a small dose portion needs to be solubilized at a given time point. The permeability of carvedilol surpasses the threshold of metoprolol jejunal permeability throughout the entire GIT, including the colon, establishing it as a suitable candidate for CR product development. Altogether, this work may serve as an analysis model in the decision process of CR formulation development and may increase our biopharmaceutical understanding of a successful CR drug product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Markovic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Moran Zur
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Ester Haimov
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Isabel González-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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