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Yuan C, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang D. Procatechuic acid and protocatechuic aldehyde increase survival of Caenorhabditis elegans after fungal infection and inhibit fungal virulence. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396733. [PMID: 38841375 PMCID: PMC11150623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PCA) and protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL) are important phenolic compounds in plants. We here investigated their possible beneficial effect against fungal infection and the underlying mechanism. The model animal of Caenorhabditis elegans was used as host, and Candida albicans was used as fungal pathogen. The nematodes were first infected with C. albicans, and the PCA and PAL treatment were then performed. Post-treatment with 10-100 μM PCA and PAL suppressed toxicity of C. albicans infection in reducing lifespan. Accompanied with this beneficial effect, treatment with 10-100 μM PCA and PAL inhibited C. albicans accumulation in intestinal lumen. In addition, treatment with 10-100 μM PCA and PAL suppressed the increase in expressions of antimicrobial genes caused by C. albicans infection. The beneficial effect of PCA and PAL against C. albicans infection depended on p38 MAPK and insulin signals. Moreover, although treatment with 10-100 μM PCA and PAL could not exhibit noticeable antifungal activity, PCA and PAL treatment obviously suppressed biofilm formation, inhibited hyphal growth, and reduced expressions of virulence genes (ALS3, CaVps34, Vma7, Vac1, and/or HWP1) related to biofilm formation and hyphal growth in C. albicans. Therefore, our data demonstrated the potential of PCA and PAL post-treatment against fungal infection and fungal virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Deaprtment of Biochemistry and Molecrla Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Deaprtment of Biochemistry and Molecrla Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Deaprtment of Biochemistry and Molecrla Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Wang Y, Zou Y, Fang Q, Feng R, Zhang J, Zhou W, Wei Q. Polysaccharides from Brasenia schreberi with Great Antioxidant Ability and the Potential Application in Yogurt. Molecules 2023; 29:150. [PMID: 38202733 PMCID: PMC10780003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Brasenia schreberi is a widely consumed aquatic plant, yet the knowledge regarding its bioactive components, particularly polysaccharides, remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from B. schreberi using the response surface method (RSM). Additionally, we characterized the polysaccharides using various methods and assessed their antioxidant capabilities both in vitro and in vivo, employing cell cultures and Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, these polysaccharides were incorporated into a unique yogurt formulation. Our findings demonstrated that hot water extraction was the most suitable method for extracting polysaccharides from B. schreberi, yielding samples with high sugar content, significant antioxidant capacity, and a well-defined spatial structure. Moreover, pectinase was employed for polysaccharide digestion, achieving an enzymolysis rate of 10.02% under optimized conditions using RSM. Notably, the results indicated that these polysaccharides could protect cells from oxidative stress by reducing apoptosis. Surprisingly, at a concentration of 250 μg/mL, the polysaccharides significantly increased the survival rate of C. elegans from 31.05% to 82.3%. Further qPCR results revealed that the polysaccharides protected C. elegans by up-regulating the daf-16 gene and down-regulating mTOR and insulin pathways, demonstrating remarkable antioxidant abilities. Upon addition to the yogurt, the polysaccharides significantly enhanced the water retention, viscosity, and viability of lactic acid bacteria. These outcomes underscore the potential of polysaccharides from B. schreberi as a valuable addition to novel yogurt formulations, thereby providing additional theoretical support for the utilization of B. schreberi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Yue Zou
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Qiong Fang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Ruizhang Feng
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Wanhai Zhou
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.F.); (R.F.); (J.Z.)
- Sichuan Oil Cinnamon Engineering Technology Research Center, Yibin 644000, China
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3
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Zhu M, Zhang M, Tang M, Wang J, Liu L, Wang Z. The concentration-dependent physiological damage, oxidative stress, and DNA lesions in Caenorhabditis elegans by subacute exposure to landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139544. [PMID: 37474030 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The leakage of landfill leachate (LL) into environmental media would be happened even in the sanitary/controlled landfill, due to the deterioration of geomembrane and the blockage of drainage system after long-term operation. Considering the complex composition and high concentration of pollutants in LL, its toxicity assessment should be conducted as a whole liquid contaminant. Therefore, the impacts of LL on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were investigated under the condition of different exposure time and exposure volume fraction (EVF). The stimulating effects on locomotion behavior and growth of C. elegans were observed after acute (24 h) exposure to LL, which were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of EVF. Meanwhile, the intestinal barrier was not affected by LL, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis significantly decreased. However, stimulation and inhibition effects on locomotion behavior and growth of C. elegans were observed when subacute (72 h) exposure to 0.25%-0.5% and 1%-4% of LL, respectively. The intestinal injury index and levels of ROS and cell apoptosis significantly increased when EVF were 2% and 4%. Although the acute exposure of LL had resulted in obviously biological adaptability and antioxidant defense in C. elegans, the protective mechanisms failed to be induced as the exposure time increased (subacute exposure). The toxic effects were confirmed by the down-regulation of genes associated with antioxidant defense and neurobehavior, accompanied by the up-regulation of intestinal injury and cell apoptosis related genes. Moreover, the disturbance of metabolic pathways that associated with locomotion behaviors, growth, and antioxidant defense provided good supplementary evidence for the confirmation of oxidative stress in C. elegans. The research results verified the potential of C. elegans as model organism to determine the complex toxic effects of LL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mingqi Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lili Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- School of Environment Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Tang J, Qin J, Kuerban G, Li J, Zhou Q, Zhang H, Sun R, Yin L, Pu Y, Zhang J. Effects of tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) on neurobehavior of Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85578-85591. [PMID: 37389749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging flame retardant, organic phosphate flame retardants have been extensively used worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of TnBP on neurobehavior of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and its mechanisms. L1 larvae of wild-type nematodes (N2) were exposed to TnBP of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 20 mg/L for 72 hours. Then, we observed that the body length and body width were inhibited, the head swings were increased, the pump contractions and chemical trend index were reduced, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased, and the expression of mitochondrial oxidative stress related genes (mev-1 and gas-1) and P38 MAPK signal pathway-related genes (pmk-1, sek-1, and nsy-1) was altered. After reporter gene strains BZ555, DA1240, and EG1285 were exposed to TnBP of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 20 mg/L for 72 hours, the synthesis of dopamine, glutamate, and Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) was increased. In addition, the pmk-1 mutants (KU25) led to the sensitivity of C. elegans to TnBP in terms of head swings. The results showed that TnBP had harmful effects on the neurobehavior of C. elegans, oxidative stress might be one of the mechanisms of its neurotoxicity, and P38 MAPK signal pathway might play an important regulatory role in this process. The results revealed the potential adverse effects of TnBP on the neurobehavior of C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guzailinuer Kuerban
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Huang J, Liao L, Wang G, Du Z, Wu Z. Reproductive toxicity of enrofloxacin in Caenorhabditis elegans involves oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:726-737. [PMID: 36522101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) that persist and bioaccumulate in the environment have aroused people's great concern. Here, we studied the adverse effects of FQs in soil animals of Caenorhabditis elegans via food-chronically exposure. The result shows C. elegans exposed to FQs exhibited reproductive toxicity with small-brood size and low-egg hatchability. To study the underlying mechanism, we conduct a deep investigation of enrofloxacin (ENR), one of the most frequently detected FQs, on nematodes which is one of commonly used animal indicator of soil sustainability. The concentration-effect curves simulated by the Hill model showed that the half effect concentrations (EC50) of ENR were (494.3 ± 272.9) µmol/kg and (107.4 ± 30.9) µmol/kg for the brood size and the hatchability, respectively. Differential gene expression between the control and the ENR-exposure group enriched with the oxidative stress and cell apoptosis pathways. The results together with the enzyme activity in oxidative stress and the cell corpses suggested that ENR-induced reproductive toxicity was related to germ cell apoptosis under oxidative stress. The risk quotients of some soil and livestock samples were calculated based on the threshold value of EC10 for the egg hatchability (2.65 µmol/kg). The results indicated that there was possible reproductive toxicity on the nematodes in certain agricultural soils for the FQs. This study suggested that chronic exposure to FQs at certain levels in environment would induce reproductive toxicity to the nematodes and might reduce the soil sustainability, alarming the environment risks of antibiotics abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lizi Liao
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhengxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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6
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Agarrayua DA, Silva AC, Saraiva NR, Soares AT, Aschner M, Avila DS. Neurotoxicology of metals and metallic nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2023; 9:107-148. [PMID: 37384197 PMCID: PMC10306323 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Araujo Agarrayua
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Castro Silva
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Nariani Rocha Saraiva
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Thalita Soares
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Daiana Silva Avila
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences- Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Martin-Folgar R, Esteban-Arranz A, Negri V, Morales M. Graphene Oxides (GOs) with Different Lateral Dimensions and Thicknesses Affect the Molecular Response in Chironomus riparius. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:967. [PMID: 36985861 PMCID: PMC10057717 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) materials possess physicochemical properties that facilitate their application in the industrial and medical sectors. The use of graphene may pose a threat to biota, especially aquatic life. In addition, the properties of nanomaterials can differentially affect cell and molecular responses. Therefore, it is essential to study and define the possible genotoxicity of GO materials to aquatic organisms and their ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the changes in the expression of 11 genes in the aquatic organism Chironomus riparius after 96 h of exposure to small GOs (sGO), large GOs (lGO) and monolayer GOs (mlGO) at 50, 500 and 3000 μg/L. Results showed that the different genes encoding heat shock proteins (hsp90, hsp70 and hsp27) were overexpressed after exposure to these nanomaterials. In addition, ATM and NLK-the genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms-were altered at the transcriptional level. DECAY, an apoptotic caspase, was only activated by larger size GO materials, mlGO and lGO. Finally, the gene encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) showed higher expression in the mlG O-treated larvae. The lGO and mlGO treatments indicated high mRNA levels of a developmental gene (FKBP39) and an endocrine pathway-related gene (DRONC). These two genes were only activated by the larger GO materials. The results indicate that larger and thicker GO nanomaterials alter the transcription of genes involved in cellular stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, endocrine and development in C. riparius. This shows that various cellular processes are modified and affected, providing some of the first evidence for the action mechanisms of GOs in invertebrates. In short, the alterations produced by graphene materials should be further studied to evaluate their effect on the biota to show a more realistic scenario of what is happening at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martin-Folgar
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta s/n, Crta. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km 5, 28232 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Esteban-Arranz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Negri
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM), C/Tajo, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta s/n, Crta. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km 5, 28232 Madrid, Spain
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Jiang P, Zhou G, Li C, Yu Y, Zhou L, Kang H. Performance and mechanism of GO removal by gypsum from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47052-47064. [PMID: 36732452 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread production and application of graphene oxide (GO) may lead to its dispersion throughout natural water systems, with potential negative effects on living organisms and the ecological environment. This study used gypsum (G) as an adsorbent and examined different conditions (pH, adsorbent dosage, GO initial concentration) for the removal effect of GO by G. The results showed the best adsorption effect for a solution pH of 8.0, gypsum dosage of 60 mg, initial GO concentration of 80 mg·L-1, and temperature of 303 K; at this time, the maximum removal rate of graphene oxide by gypsum was 93.3%. It could be obtained by isotherm and thermodynamic analysis that the GO adsorption by gypsum conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model, it does not easily occur in high-temperature environments, and is a spontaneous exothermic process. In addition, experiments such as SEM, AFM, TGA, XRD, XPS, FTIR, Raman, and Zeta were used to adsorb graphene oxide by gypsum composites (G/GO), through which the mineral interactions with graphene oxides were microscopically characterized. The impact on the adsorption properties of contaminants provides new insights into contaminant removal by gypsum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanzhong Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuihong Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibo Kang
- School of Civil Engineering, College of Transportation Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Dou T, Chen J, Wang R, Pu X, Wu H, Zhao Y. Complementary protective effects of autophagy and oxidative response against graphene oxide toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114289. [PMID: 36379072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) exposure may cause damage to C. elegans. However, the role of autophagy and its interactive effect with oxidative response in GO toxicity still remain largely unclear. In the present study, we investigated the protective role of autophagy against GO and its association with oxidative response using C. elegans as an in vivo system. Results indicated that GO exposure induced autophagy in a dose dependent manner in C. elegans. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and silencing autophagy genes lgg-1, bec-1 and unc-51 exacerbated the toxicity of GO whereas autophagy activator rapamycin alleviated it. In addition, the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) effectively suppressed the toxicity of GO with increased resistance to oxidative stress. Worms with RNAi-induced antioxidative genes sod-1, sod-2, sod-3 and sod-4 knockdown were more sensitive to GO. 3-MA increased the expression of superoxide dismutase SOD-3 under GO exposure conditions and exacerbated the toxicity of GO under the anti-oxidation inaction condition by sod-3 RNAi. In contrast, NAC reduced autophagy levels in GO exposed nematodes and increased tolerance to GO in autophagy-defective worms. These results suggested that autophagy and antioxidative response provide complementary protection against GO in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Dou
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingya Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huazhang Wu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunli Zhao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Neurotoxicity of Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate in Caenorhabditis elegans. Toxicology 2022; 474:153211. [PMID: 35595029 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As a new type of flame retardant, Organic Phosphate Flame Retardant has been widely used worldwide. The purpose of our research is to determine the neurotoxicity of Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCPP) to Caenorhabditis elegans and its mechanism. L1 larvae wild-type C. elegans were exposed to different concentrations of TDCPP, and the effects on motor behavior (head thrashes, body bends, pumping times, Chemotaxis index), ROS levels, and p38-MAPK signaling pathway-related gene expression levels were measured. Three transgenic nematode strains, BZ555, DA1240, and EG1285, were also used to study the effects of TDCPP on nematode dopamine neurons, glutamate neurons, and GABA neurons. The results showed that TDCPP can inhibit the head thrashes and body bends of the nematode, reduce dopamine production, increase the level of ROS in the body, and affect the expression of genes related to the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. We next employed ROS production and motor behavior as toxicity assessment endpoints to determine the involvement of p38 MAPK signaling in the regulation of response to TDCPP. The results showed that the nematodes with low expression of pmk-1 were more sensitive to the TDCPP. It was suggested that TDCPP had neurotoxicity and regulated neurotoxicity to C. elegans by activating the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. The research in this article provides important information for revealing the environmental health risks of organophosphorus flame retardants and their toxic mechanism of action.
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Jin L, Dou TT, Chen JY, Duan MX, Zhen Q, Wu HZ, Zhao YL. Sublethal toxicity of graphene oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans under multi-generational exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 229:113064. [PMID: 34890989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have received increasing attentions owing to their potential hazards to the environment and human health; however, the multi-generational toxicity of graphene oxide under consecutive multi-generational exposure scenario still remains unclear. In the present study, Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model organism was employed to explore the multi-generational toxicity effects of graphene oxide and the underlying mechanisms. Endpoints including development and lifespan, locomotion behaviors, defecation cycle, brood sizes, and oxidative response were evaluated in the parental generation and subsequent five filial generations. After continuous exposure for several generations, worms grew smaller and lived shorter. The locomotion behaviors were reduced across the filial generations and these reduced trends were following the impairments of locomotion-related neurons. In addition, the extended defecation cycles from the third filial generation were in consistency with the relative size reduction of the defecation related neuron. Simultaneously, the fertility function of the nematode was impaired under consecutive exposure as reduced brood sizes and oocytes numbers, increased apoptosis of germline, and aberrant expression of reproductive related genes ced-3, ced-4, ced-9, egl-1 and ced-13 were detected in exposed worms. Furthermore, the antioxidant enzyme, SOD-3 was significantly increased in the parent and filial generations. Thus, continuous multi-generational exposure to graphene oxide caused damage to the neuron development and the reproductive system in nematodes. These toxic effects could be reflected by indicators such as growth inhibition, shortened lifespan, and locomotion behavior impairment and induced oxidative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jin
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Dou
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ya Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xiu Duan
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Zhang Wu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Jiang P, Zhou L, Wang W, Li N, Zhang F. Performance and mechanisms of fly ash for graphene oxide removal from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:3773-3783. [PMID: 34390473 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15769-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential wide use of graphene oxide in various fields results in the possibility of its dispersion throughout natural water systems, with a negative impact on organisms and ecosystems. This study evaluated the removal of graphene oxide (GO) from water by fly ash (FA). The effects of various conditions (including the initial concentration of graphene oxide, the pH of the initial solution, the amount of absorbent, and temperature) on the removal rate of GO were investigated in detail. The results show that the maximum removal rate of graphene oxide by fly ash is 93%; the isotherm adsorption process conforms to a Langmuir model; the adsorption reaction is a spontaneous exothermic process. Under optimal conditions, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 6, the amount of fly ash was 5 mg, the initial concentration of GO was 60 mg·L-1, and the temperature was 303 K. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zeta potential and X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS), the adsorption mechanism was characterized. The experimental results demonstrate that fly ash is a good material for GO removal from aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Ma J, Wang R, Chen T, Jiang S, Xu A. Protective effects of baicalin in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Parkinson's disease. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:409-417. [PMID: 34141154 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms of PD are far from understood. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of baicalin in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of PD. C. elegans worms were stimulated for 24 h with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 50 mM) and treated with or without baicalin (1, 10, or 100 μM). At all tested concentrations, baicalin improved the reversal and omega turn behavioral phenotypes, as well as the survival, of 6-OHDA-stimulated worms. It also inhibited 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde levels, increasing superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and glutathione levels and up-regulating mRNA expression of the antioxidant-related genes sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, daf-2, and daf-16. Additionally, it significantly decreased the expression of the apoptosis-related gene ced-3 and increased that of the anti-apoptosis-related gene ced-9. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 in 6-OHDA-treated worms were reversed by baicalin. Apoptosis was suppressed by 6-OHDA in loss-of-function strains via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, the apoptotic effects of 6-OHDA were blocked in sek-1 and pmk-1 mutants. Finally, the mRNA expression of sek-1 and pmk-1 and the protein expression of p38 MAPK and stress-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 were up-regulated by 6-OHDA and reversed by baicalin. Baicalin may protect against 6-OHDA injury by inhibiting apoptosis and decreasing oxidative stress through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ranran Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ajing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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14
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Liu S, Xu A, Gao Y, Xie Y, Liu Z, Sun M, Mao H, Wang X. Graphene oxide exacerbates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis via ROS/AMPK/p53 signaling to mediate apoptosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:85. [PMID: 33766052 PMCID: PMC7995754 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Graphene oxide (GO), a novel carbon-based nanomaterial, has promising applications in biomedicine. However, it induces potential cytotoxic effects on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract cells, and these effects have been largely uncharacterized. The present study aimed to explore the toxic effects of GO on the intestinal tract especially under pre-existing inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Results Our findings indicated that oral gavage of GO worsened acute colitis induced by 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice. In vitro, GO exacerbated DSS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in the FHC cell line, an ideal model of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Further, the potential mechanism underlying GO aggravated mice colitis and cell inflammation was explored. Our results revealed that GO treatment triggered apoptosis in FHC cells through the activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/p53 pathway, as evidenced by the upregulation of cytochrome c (Cytc), Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 (c-cas3) and the downregulation of Bcl-2. Interestingly, pretreatment with an antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and a specific inhibitor of AMPK activation, Compound C (Com.C), effectively inhibited GO-induced apoptosis in FHC cells. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that GO-induced IECs apoptosis via ROS/AMPK/p53 pathway activation accounts for the exacerbation of colitis in vivo and aggravation of inflammation in vitro. These findings provide a new insight into the pathogenesis of IBD induced by environmental factors. Furthermore, our findings enhance our understanding of GO as a potential environmental toxin, which helps delineate the risk of exposure to patients with disturbed intestinal epithelial barrier/inflammatory disorders such as IBD. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Angao Xu
- Huizhou Medicine Institute, Huizhou, 516003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Applications of nanomaterials cause a general concern on their toxicity when they intentionally (such as in medicine) or unintentionally (environment exposure) enter into the human body. As a special subpopulation, pregnant women are more susceptible to nanoparticle (NP)-induced toxicity. More importantly, prenatal exposures may affect the entire life of the fetus. Through blood circulation, NPs may cross placental barriers and enter into fetus. A cascade of events, such as damage in placental barriers, generation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered gene expression, may induce delayed or abnormal fetal development. The physicochemical properties of NPs, exposure time, and other factors directly affect nanotoxicity in pregnant populations. Even though results from animal studies cannot directly extrapolate to humans, compelling evidence has already shown that, for pregnant women, caution must be taken when dealing with nanomedicines or NP pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengjin Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Liu H, Kwak JI, Wang D, An YJ. Multigenerational effects of polyethylene terephthalate microfibers in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110569. [PMID: 33275924 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microfibers (MFs) have recently become an increasingly prevalent pollutant in ecosystems and pose a direct threat to organisms and an indirect threat via adsorption of other pollutants. Here, we used Caenorhabditis elegans to study multigenerational effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MFs (diameter 17.4 μm) by observing the maternal generation (P0) to the seventh offspring generation (F7) with continuous MF exposure. Exposure to 250-μm PET MFs decreased locomotion behavior and induced intestinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the P0 generation compared with other PET MF sizes. Moreover, no notably negative effects on survival were observed in any generation during continuous exposure to 250-μm PET MFs. However, the reproduction rate clearly decreased in the F2 and F3 generations but gradually recovered in the F4-F7 generations. Developmental abnormalities showed a close relationship with body length. Although some recovery was confirmed, there were significant decreases in body length in the F2-F5 generations. Interestingly, growth inhibition was also observed in the F6 generation without MF exposure. ROS production and dermal damage in the P0-F5 generations might have resulted in the toxicological responses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence of multigenerational toxicity of MFs in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jin Il Kwak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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17
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Ficociello G, Gerardi V, Uccelletti D, Setini A. Molecular and cellular responses to short exposure to bisphenols A, F, and S and eluates of microplastics in C. elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:805-818. [PMID: 32820443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) have been developed as an alternative to bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, leading to their detection in the aquatic environment. In this work, we used the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans to improve our understanding of their potential effects on the biota and the environment. Our findings demonstrated that, after 24 h exposure, all the bisphenols examined increased the number of apoptotic corpses and the expression of the detoxifying enzymes SOD-3 and GST-4, without affecting the ROS levels, while BPA and BPS significantly enhanced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, similarly to BPA, BPF and BPS did not alter the lifespan through the activation of SEK-1 and SKN-1 pathways. Thus, this study raises the attention of the risks associated with exposure to BPA alternatives. We also examined the effects of microplastic (MP) eluates on C. elegans. Aqueous extracts of weathered microplastic samples, both at high and low degradation state and pellets, have been evaluated for their effects on lifespan, DNA fragmentation, germline apoptosis, and oxidative stress response. Overall, our findings showed that eluates of low degraded plastics exert a greater toxic effect on the nematode C. elegans compared with the aqueous sample of high degraded plastic fragments and pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Ficociello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Gerardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Setini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
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18
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Lipopolysaccharide exposure induces oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans: protective effects of carnosine. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:85. [PMID: 33272314 PMCID: PMC7713333 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of carnosine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods C. elegans individuals were stimulated for 24 h with LPS (100 μg/mL), with or without carnosine (0.1, 1, 10 mM). The survival rates and behaviors were determined. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were determined using the respective kits. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to validate the differential expression of sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, daf-16, ced-3, ced-9, sek-1, and pmk-1. Western blotting was used to determine the levels of SEK1, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), cleaved caspase3, and Bcl-2. C. elegans sek-1 (km2) mutants and pmk-1 (km25) mutants were used to elucidate the role of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Results Carnosine improved the survival of LPS-treated C. elegans and rescued behavioral phenotypes. It also restrained oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels and increasing SOD, GR, CAT, and GSH levels. RT-PCR results showed that carnosine treatment of wild-type C. elegans up-regulated the mRNA expression of the antioxidant-related genes sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, and daf-16. The expression of the anti-apoptosis-related gene ced-9 and apoptosis-related gene ced-3 was reversed by carnosine. In addition, carnosine treatment significantly decreased cleaved caspase3 levels and increased Bcl-2 levels in LPS-treated C. elegans. Apoptosis in the loss-of-function strains of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway was suppressed under LPS stress; however, the apoptotic effects of LPS were blocked in the sek-1 and pmk-1 mutants. The expression levels of sek-1 and pmk-1 mRNAs were up-regulated by LPS and reversed by carnosine. Finally, the expression of p-p38MAPK and SEK1 was significantly increased by LPS, which was reversed by carnosine. Conclusion Carnosine treatment protected against LPS injury by decreasing oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis through the p38 MAPK pathway.
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19
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Guo T, Cheng L, Zhao H, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Wu Q. The C. elegans miR-235 regulates the toxicity of graphene oxide via targeting the nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12 in the intestine. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16933. [PMID: 33037257 PMCID: PMC7547681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased application of graphene oxide (GO), a new carbon-based engineered nanomaterial, has generated a potential toxicity in humans and the environment. Previous studies have identified some dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs), such as up-regulated mir-235, in organisms exposed to GO. However, the detailed mechanisms of the dysregulation of miRNA underlying GO toxicity are still largely elusive. In this study, we employed Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model to investigate the biological function and molecular basis of mir-235 in the regulation of GO toxicity. After low concentration GO exposure, mir-235 (n4504) mutant nematodes were sensitive to GO toxicity, implying that mir-235 mediates a protection mechanism against GO toxicity. Tissue-specific assays suggested that mir-235 expressed in intestine is required for suppressing the GO toxicity in C. elegans. daf-12, a gene encoding a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, acts as a target gene of mir-235 in the nematode intestine in response to GO treatment, and RNAi knockdown of daf-12 suppressed the sensitivity of mir-235(n4503) to GO toxicity. Further genetic analysis showed that DAF-12 acted in the upstream of DAF-16 in insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and PMK-1 in p38 MAPK signaling pathway in parallel to regulate GO toxicity. Altogether, our results revealed that mir-235 may activate a protective mechanism against GO toxicity by suppressing the DAF-12-DAF-16 and DAF-12-PMK-1 signaling cascade in nematodes, which provides an important molecular basis for the in vivo toxicity of GO at the miRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhan Yang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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20
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Malhotra N, Villaflores OB, Audira G, Siregar P, Lee JS, Ger TR, Hsiao CD. Toxicity Studies on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Aquatic Organisms: Current Understanding. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163618. [PMID: 32784859 PMCID: PMC7465277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its oxide are nanomaterials considered currently to be very promising because of their great potential applications in various industries. The exceptional physiochemical properties of graphene, particularly thermal conductivity, electron mobility, high surface area, and mechanical strength, promise development of novel or enhanced technologies in industries. The diverse applications of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) include energy storage, sensors, generators, light processing, electronics, and targeted drug delivery. However, the extensive use and exposure to graphene and GO might pose a great threat to living organisms and ultimately to human health. The toxicity data of graphene and GO is still insufficient to point out its side effects to different living organisms. Their accumulation in the aquatic environment might create complex problems in aquatic food chains and aquatic habitats leading to debilitating health effects in humans. The potential toxic effects of graphene and GO are not fully understood. However, they have been reported to cause agglomeration, long-term persistence, and toxic effects penetrating cell membrane and interacting with cellular components. In this review paper, we have primarily focused on the toxic effects of graphene and GO caused on aquatic invertebrates and fish (cell line and organisms). Here, we aim to point out the current understanding and knowledge gaps of graphene and GO toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Oliver B. Villaflores
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Gilbert Audira
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Petrus Siregar
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Jiann-Shing Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Tzong-Rong Ger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
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21
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Chen Z, Yu C, Khan IA, Tang Y, Liu S, Yang M. Toxic effects of different-sized graphene oxide particles on zebrafish embryonic development. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110608. [PMID: 32305822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has broad application potential in many fields, such as biomedicine and energy. Due to the wide-ranging GO applications, its entry into the environment is inevitable along with the potential for ecological and environmental risks. In the present study, we systematically investigated the dose-dependent effects of three different-sized GO particles (50-200 nm, <500 nm, and >500 nm) on zebrafish during the very early developmental stages (4-124 h post-fertilization). The results showed that GOs could accumulate in the eyes, heart, yolk sac, and blood vessels of fish larvae. Consequently, their effects on multiple toxic endpoints were observed, including delayed hatching times, shortened body lengths, alterations in heart rate and blood flow, changes in swimming activity and responses to photoperiod stimulation, and the enhanced activity of total superoxide dismutase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, acetylcholinesterase, caspase-3, and induction of apoptosis-related gene expression. As a result, the occurrence of oxidative stress and the induction of apoptosis are suggested in fish larvae exposed to all three different-sized GO particles. In addition, our results highlight the impacts of waterborne-GO exposure on zebrafish during early development, which were not merely dependent on GO concentration but also on the associated GO sizes. This study hereby provides a basis for the potential ecological and health risks of GO exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 201306, China; Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Cui Yu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Imran Ahamed Khan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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22
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Zhu A, Ji Z, Zhao J, Zhang W, Sun Y, Zhang T, Gao S, Li G, Wang Q. Effect of Euphorbia factor L1 on intestinal barrier impairment and defecation dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:153102. [PMID: 31654989 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Euphorbia factor L1 (EFL1) is a lathyrane-type diterpenoid from the medicinal herb Euphorbia lathyris L., and has been reported with intestinal toxicity, but the potential mechanisms remain unknown. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the intestinal toxicity of EFL1 and the underlying mechanisms using nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS C. elegans were exposed to 0-200 μM EFL1 for 72 h, then the survival rate, body length and body width, locomotion and chemoreception behavior, intestinal ROS and lipofuscin accumulation, intestinal permeability, and defecation rhythm were detected. The γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) energic neurons AVL and DVB were shown via green fluorescent protein under a laser scanning confocal microscope. The structure of GABA transporter UNC-47 were predicted by homology modeling, and the interaction between EFL1 and UNC-47 was simulated by molecular docking. The mRNA expression of genes related to oxidative stress, intestinal permeability and defecation after EFL1 exposure were detected by RT-qPCR. RESULTS EFL1 did not induce lethality of nematodes. The general toxicity was characterized by abnormal growth, locomotion and chemoreception. The intestinal barrier was leaky, due to down-regulated cell junction and active cation transport. The mean defecation cycle length in nematodes was decreased, relating to disorder vesicular and ion transport, enhanced rhythm behavior and muscle contraction. The dysfunctional defecation also attributed to injured UNC-47 protein, as well as GABAergic neurons AVL and DVB. Excessive ROS and lipofuscin accumulation were observed in intestine, along with activation of antioxidant enzymes of SOD, COQ7 and CAT. CONCLUSION This study elucidated the EFL1-induced intestinal toxicity in nematodes, characterized as leaky intestinal barrier and accelerated defecation behavior. The underlying mechanisms were involved in oxidative stress, cell junctions, transportation, rhythm behavior, muscle contraction, and GABAergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zonghui Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingwei Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing 100013, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, Beijing 100013, China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, China.
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Liu H, Guo D, Kong Y, Rui Q, Wang D. Damage on functional state of intestinal barrier by microgravity stress in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109554. [PMID: 31434019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to short life cycle, nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a suitable animal model for assessing the effect of long-term simulated microgravity treatment on organisms. We here investigated the effect of simulated microgravity treatment for 24-h on development and functional state of intestinal barrier in nematodes. Simulated microgravity treatment not only caused a broadened intestinal lumen, but also enhanced intestinal permeability. Intestinal overexpression of SOD-2, a mitochondrial Mn-SOD protein, prevented the damage on functional state of intestinal barrier by simulated microgravity and induced a resistance to toxicity of simulated microgravity, suggesting the crucial role of oxidative stress in inducing the damage on functional state of intestinal barrier in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. For the molecular basis of damage on functional state of intestinal barrier, we observed significant decrease in expressions of some genes (acs-22, erm-1, and hmp-2) required for maintenance of functional state of intestinal barrier in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. Our results highlight the potential of long-term simulated microgravity treatment in inducing intestinal damage in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dongqin Guo
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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24
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Rive C, Reina G, Wagle P, Treossi E, Palermo V, Bianco A, Delogu LG, Rieckher M, Schumacher B. Improved Biocompatibility of Amino-Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902699. [PMID: 31576668 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) holds high promise for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in nanomedicine but reportedly displays immunotoxicity, underlining the need for developing functionalized GO with improved biocompatibility. This study describes adverse effects of GO and amino-functionalized GO (GONH2 ) during Caenorhabditis elegans development and ageing upon acute or chronic exposure. Chronic GO treatment throughout the C. elegans development causes decreased fecundity and a reduction of animal size, while acute treatment does not lead to any measurable physiological decline. However, RNA-Sequencing data reveal that acute GO exposure induces innate immune gene expression. The p38 MAP kinase, PMK-1, which is a well-established master regulator of innate immunity, protects C. elegans from chronic GO toxicity, as pmk-1 mutants show reduced tissue-functionality and facultative vivipary. In a direct comparison, GONH2 exposure does not cause detrimental effects in the wild type or in pmk-1 mutants, and the innate immune response is considerably less pronounced. This work establishes enhanced biocompatibility of amino-functionalized GO in a whole-organism, emphasizing its potential as a biomedical nanomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corvin Rive
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giacomo Reina
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Prerana Wagle
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Alberto Bianco
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- University of Sassari, via Muroni, 23, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Fondazione Città della Speranza, corso stati uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, via Ugo bassi 58, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Matthias Rieckher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
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Hou J, Lin D, White JC, Gardea-Torresdey JL, Xing B. Joint Nanotoxicology Assessment Provides a New Strategy for Developing Nanoenabled Bioremediation Technologies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7927-7929. [PMID: 31269395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hou
- Department of Environmental Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , Connecticut United States
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , Texas United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts United States
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26
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Qu M, Qiu Y, Lv R, Yue Y, Liu R, Yang F, Wang D, Li Y. Exposure to MPA-capped CdTe quantum dots causes reproductive toxicity effects by affecting oogenesis in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:54-62. [PMID: 30769203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs), considered as a type of excellent semiconductor nanomaterial, are widely employed and have a number of important applications. However, QDs have the potential to produce adverse effects and toxicity with the underlying molecular mechanisms not well understood. Herein, Caenorhabditis elegans was used for in vivo toxicity assessment to detect the reproductive toxicity of CdTe QDs. We found that exposure to CdTe QDs particles (≥ 50 mg/L) resulted in a defect in reproductive capacity, dysfunctional proliferation and differentiation, as well as an imbalance in oogenesis by reducing the number of cells in pachytene and diakinesis. Further, we identified a SPO-11 and PCH-2 mediated toxic mechanism and a GLP-1/Notch mediated protective mechanism in response to CdTe QDs particles (≥ 50 mg/L). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential adverse impact of CdTe QDs (≥ 50 mg/L) exposure on oogenesis and provide valuable data and guidelines for evaluation of QD biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuexiu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Rongrong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Wu T, Xu H, Liang X, Tang M. Caenorhabditis elegans as a complete model organism for biosafety assessments of nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:708-726. [PMID: 30677729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The number of biosafety evaluation studies of nanoparticles (NPs) using different biological models is increasing with the rapid development of nanotechnology. Thus far, nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), as a complete model organism, has become an important in vivo alternative assay system to assess the risk of NPs, especially at the environmental level. According to results of qualitative and quantitative analyses, it can be concluded that studies of nanoscientific research using C. elegans is persistently growing. However, the comprehensive conclusion and analysis of toxic effects of NPs in C. elegans are limited and chaotic. This review focused on the effects, especially sublethal ones, induced by NPs in C. elegans, including the development, intestinal function, immune response, neuronal function, and reproduction, as well as the underlying mechanisms of NPs causing these effects, including oxidative stress and alterations of several signaling pathways. Furthermore, we presented some factors that influence the toxic effects of NPs in C. elegans. The advantages and limitations of using nematodes in the nanotoxicology study were also discussed. Finally, we predicted that the application of C. elegans to assess long-term impacts of metal oxide NPs in the ecosystem would become a vital part of the nanoscientific research field, which provided an insight for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hongsheng Xu
- State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, NARI Group Corporation, Nanjing, 211000, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Sugawara T, Saraprug D, Sakamoto K. Soy sauce increased the oxidative stress tolerance of nematode via p38 MAPK pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:709-716. [PMID: 30626262 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1562873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Soy sauce - a fermented food made from soybeans and wheat - is considered a healthy seasoning, but little scientific evidence is available to support this. In this study, physiological effects of soy sauce were analyzed using Caenorhabditis elegans. When soy sauce was fed to C. elegans together with Escherichia coli OP50, fat accumulation decreased, and resistance to oxidative stress by H2O2 was greatly increased in the nematodes. qRT-PCR revealed that mRNA expression of oxidative stress tolerance genes, including sod, ctl, and gpx, was markedly increased in soy sauce-fed nematodes. Worms ingesting soy sauce showed high mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low intracellular ROS, suggesting that soy sauce induced mitohormesis and decreased cytoplasmic ROS. Therefore, soy sauce ingestion affects the mitochondria and may alter the fat metabolism in C. elegans. Furthermore, the increase in oxidative stress tolerance is mediated through p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Sugawara
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Danaporn Saraprug
- b The College of Biological Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Kazuichi Sakamoto
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
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Qu M, Liu Y, Xu K, Wang D. Activation of p38 MAPK Signaling‐Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response by Nanopolystyrene Particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1800325. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of EducationMedical SchoolSoutheast University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of EducationMedical SchoolSoutheast University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Kangni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of EducationMedical SchoolSoutheast University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of EducationMedical SchoolSoutheast University Nanjing 210009 China
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30
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Shi L, Jia X, Guo T, Cheng L, Han X, Wu Q, Wang D. A circular RNA circ_0000115 in response to graphene oxide in nematodes. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13722-13735. [PMID: 35519596 PMCID: PMC9063864 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00997c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in regulating various biological processes; however, their roles in regulating the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are still unclear. Based on Illumina HiSeq2500 sequencing, we here identified 43 dysregulated circRNAs in graphene oxide (GO) (1 mg L−1) exposed nematodes. Five of these candidate circRNAs could be further dysregulated by GO exposure in the range of μg L−1. Using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique, we found that the alteration in expressions of circ_0000115, circ_0000247, and circ_0000665 mediated a protective response to GO exposure; however, the alteration in expressions of circ_0000201 and circ_0000308 mediated the toxicity induction of GO. In nematodes, the circ_0000115 acted in certain tissues (intestine and neurons) to regulate GO toxicity. Moreover, an intermediate filament protein IFC-2 required for intestinal development was identified as a target of circ_0000115 in regulating the GO toxicity. In the intestine, intestinal IFC-2 acted further upstream of FOXO transcriptional factor DAF-16 in the insulin signaling pathway to regulate the GO toxicity. Therefore, intestinal circ_0000115 in the signaling cascade of circ_0000115-IFC-2-DAF-16 regulates the GO toxicity by modulating the function of IFC-2. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in regulating various biological processes; however, their roles in regulating the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are still unclear.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xiaohuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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31
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Farahani M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Zali H, Arefi Oskouie A, Omidi M, Lashay A. Deciphering the transcription factor-microRNA-target gene regulatory network associated with graphene oxide cytotoxicity. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:1014-1026. [PMID: 30325693 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1513090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has recently emanated as a promising material in cancer treatment. To unveil the underlying mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) and potential target genes involved in GO cytotoxicity, we firstly compiled GO-related miRNAs and genes in human cancer cell lines treated with GO from public databases and published works. Besides miRNAs as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, transcription factors (TFs) are also the main regulators at the transcriptional level. In the following, we explored the regulatory relationships between miRNAs, target genes, and TFs. Thereafter, a gene regulatory network consisting of GO-responsive miRNAs, GO-responsive genes, and known human TFs was constructed. Then, 3-node regulatory motif types were detected in the resulting network. Among them, miRNA-FFL (feed-forward loop) was identified as a significant motif type. A total of 184 miRNA-FFLs were found and merged to generate a regulatory sub-network. Pathway analysis of the resulting sub-network highlighted adherens junction, focal adhesion, and TGFβ signaling pathways as the major pathways that previous studies demonstrate them to be the affected pathways in GO-treated cells. Functional investigations displayed that miRNAs might be involved in the control of apoptosis through disruption of cell adhesion in response to cytotoxicity. Moreover, GO-cell interactions can lead to miRNA targeting of genes (i.e. Rac1 and RhoA) involved in the cytoskeleton assembly process. These specific toxic properties support biomedical applications of GO, especially for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Farahani
- a Faculty of Paramedical Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- b Proteomics Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- c Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Afsaneh Arefi Oskouie
- a Faculty of Paramedical Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Meisam Omidi
- d Protein Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Lashay
- e Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Morikiri Y, Matsuta E, Inoue H. The collagen-derived compound collagen tripeptide induces collagen expression and extends lifespan via a conserved p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1168-1173. [PMID: 30322618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The skin consists mostly of extracellular matrix (ECM) composed mainly of collagen, which provides a protective barrier from the environment. The skin continuously experiences harmful stress and damage. As aging progresses, the expression of various genes declines, and physiological functional deterioration occurs. The reduction of collagen accompanying aging impairs the barrier function of the skin and weakens protection from stressors. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, ECM proteins turn over during aging. Older worms of longevity mutants exhibit increased collagen expression, whereas knockdown of collagen genes shortens lifespan. However, it is unclear whether the progression of aging can be delayed by increasing collagen production via an external stimulus. In this study, we examined the effects of collagen tripeptide (CTP), a collagen-derived compound, on lifespan and aging. Our results showed that CTP upregulated collagen genes via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/SKN-1 pathway. Moreover, CTP extended lifespan and delayed aging through p38 MAPK/SKN-1 pathway. In addition, CTP also induced collagen expression via the p38 MAPK pathway in mammals. Our findings supported that external stimuli such as CTP could promote ECM youthfulness using a conserved signaling pathway, thereby contributing to suppression of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukino Morikiri
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, 243-0292, Japan
| | - Eri Matsuta
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, 243-0292, Japan
| | - Hideki Inoue
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimo-Ogino, Atsugi, 243-0292, Japan.
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Green and Effective Removal of Aqueous Graphene Oxide under UV-Light Irradiation. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8090654. [PMID: 30149536 PMCID: PMC6164349 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The potential extensive application of graphene oxide (GO) in various fields results in the possibility of its release into the natural environment with negative impacts on humans and the ecosystem. The UV-induced removal behavior of aqueous GO was evaluated in this study, and the effect of various parameters (including initial GO concentration, initial solution pH and co-existing ions) on removal rate of GO were investigated in detail. The results showed that UV-light induced a maximum removal rate of GO of 99.1% after 32 h irradiation without any additives, and that the photo-induced removal process in all cases fitted well with pseudo-first-order kinetics. Under optimal conditions, GO was completely removed, with initial GO concentrations of 10 mg/L while adjusting solution pH to 3 or adding Ca2+-containing salt. The GO and photoreduced graphene oxide (prGO) were characterized using High-resolution Transmission Microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The radical species trapping experiments and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) tests indicated that self-reduction of GO upon UV-light exposure could be achieved via photogenerated electrons from a GO semiconductor. Further mechanism study showed that the high efficiency of UV-induced GO removal came from UV-induced photoreduction, and pH-induced or cation-induced coagulation. This study provided a green and effective method to remove GO from aqueous solutions.
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Ren M, Zhao L, Ding X, Krasteva N, Rui Q, Wang D. Developmental basis for intestinal barrier against the toxicity of graphene oxide. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:26. [PMID: 29929559 PMCID: PMC6013870 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal barrier is crucial for animals against translocation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into secondary targeted organs. However, the molecular mechanisms for the role of intestinal barrier against ENMs toxicity are still largely unclear. The intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful in vivo experimental system for the study on intestinal function. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis for intestinal barrier against toxicity and translocation of graphene oxide (GO) using C. elegans as a model animal. RESULTS Based on the genetic screen of genes required for the control of intestinal development at different aspects using intestine-specific RNA interference (RNAi) technique, we identified four genes (erm-1, pkc-3, hmp-2 and act-5) required for the function of intestinal barrier against GO toxicity. Under normal conditions, mutation of any of these genes altered the intestinal permeability. With the focus on PKC-3, an atypical protein kinase C, we identified an intestinal signaling cascade of PKC-3-SEC-8-WTS-1, which implies that PKC-3 might regulate intestinal permeability and GO toxicity by affecting the function of SEC-8-mediated exocyst complex and the role of WTS-1 in maintaining integrity of apical intestinal membrane. ISP-1 and SOD-3, two proteins required for the control of oxidative stress, were also identified as downstream targets for PKC-3, and functioned in parallel with WTS-1 in the regulation of GO toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Using C. elegans as an in vivo assay system, we found that several developmental genes required for the control of intestinal development regulated both the intestinal permeability and the GO toxicity. With the focus on PKC-3, we raised two intestinal signaling cascades, PKC-3-SEC-8-WTS-1 and PKC-3-ISP-1/SOD-3. Our results will strengthen our understanding the molecular basis for developmental machinery of intestinal barrier against GO toxicity and translocation in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xuecheng Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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Xiao G, Zhao L, Huang Q, Yang J, Du H, Guo D, Xia M, Li G, Chen Z, Wang D. Toxicity evaluation of Wanzhou watershed of Yangtze Three Gorges Reservior in the flood season in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6734. [PMID: 29712953 PMCID: PMC5928115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25048-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in the upper stream of Yangtze River in China is a reservoir with the largest and the longest yearly water-level drop. Considering the fact that most of safety assessments of water samples collected from TGR region were based on chemical analysis, we here employed Caenorhabditis elegans to perform in vivo safety assessment of original surface water samples collected from TGR region in the flood season in Wanzhou, Chongqing. Among the examined five original surface water samples, only exposure to original surface water sample collected from backwater area could induce the significant intestinal ROS production, enhance the intestinal permeability, and decrease the locomotion behavior. Additionally, exposure to original surface water sample collected from backwater area altered the expressions of sod-2, sod-5, clk-1, and mev-1. Moreover, mutation of sod-2 or sod-5 was susceptible to the potential toxicity of original surface water sample collected from backwater area on nematodes. Together, our results imply that exposure to surface water sample from the backwater area may at least cause the adverse effects on intestinal function and locomotion behavior in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qian Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Junnian Yang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Huihui Du
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Dongqin Guo
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Mingxing Xia
- Wanzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Guangman Li
- Wanzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Zongxiang Chen
- Wanzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Xiao G, Chen H, Krasteva N, Liu Q, Wang D. Identification of interneurons required for the aversive response of Caenorhabditis elegans to graphene oxide. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:45. [PMID: 29703212 PMCID: PMC5921546 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far, how the animals evade the environmental nanomaterials is still largely unclear. In this study, we employed in vivo assay system of Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the aversive behavior of nematodes to graphene oxide (GO) and the underlying neuronal basis. RESULTS In this assay model, we detected the significant aversive behavior of nematodes to GO at concentrations more than 50 mg/L. Loss-of-function mutation of nlg-1 encoding a neuroligin with the function in connecting pre- and post-synaptic neurons suppressed the aversive behavior of nematodes to GO. Moreover, based on the neuron-specific activity assay, we found that the NLG-1 activity in AIY or AIB interneurons was required for the regulation of aversive behavior to GO. The neuron-specific activities of NLG-1 in AIY or AIB interneurons were also required for the regulation of GO toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Using nlg-1 mutant as a genetic tool, we identified the AIY and AIB interneurons required for the regulation of aversive behavior to GO. Our results provide an important neuronal basis for the aversive response of animals to environmental nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - He Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Qizhan Liu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Li W, Wang D, Wang D. Regulation of the Response of Caenorhabditis elegans to Simulated Microgravity by p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling. Sci Rep 2018; 8:857. [PMID: 29339777 PMCID: PMC5770453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vivo function of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in regulating the response to simulated microgravity is still largely unclear. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as an assay system, we investigated the in vivo function of p38 MAPK signaling in regulating the response of animals to simulated microgravity and the underlying molecular mechanism. Simulated microgravity treatment significantly increased the transcriptional expressions of genes (pmk-1, sek-1, and nsy-1) encoding core p38 MAPK signaling pathway and the expression of phosphorylated PMK-1/p38 MAPK. The pmk-1, sek-1, or nsy-1 mutant was susceptible to adverse effects of simulated microgravity. The intestine-specific activity of PMK-1 was required for its function in regulating the response to simulated microgravity, and the entire p38 MAPK signaling pathway could act in the intestine to regulate the response to simulated microgravity. In the intestine, SKN-1 and ATF-7, two transcriptional factors, were identified as downstream targets for PMK-1 in regulating the response to simulated microgravity. Therefore, the activation of p38 MAPK signaling may mediate a protection mechanism for nematodes against the adverse effects of simulated microgravity. Additionally, our results highlight the potential crucial role of intestinal cells in response to simulated microgravity in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Daoyong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Cheng Z, Landish B, Chi Z, Nannan C, Jingyu D, Sen L, Xiangjin L. 3D printing hydrogel with graphene oxide is functional in cartilage protection by influencing the signal pathway of Rank/Rankl/OPG. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 82:244-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhao L, Rui Q, Wang D. Molecular basis for oxidative stress induced by simulated microgravity in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1381-1390. [PMID: 28738528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is an important in vivo assay system for toxicological studies. Herein, we investigated the role of oxidative stress and the underlying molecular mechanism for induced adverse effects of simulated microgravity. In nematodes, simulated microgravity treatment induced a significant induction of oxidative stress. Genes (mev-1, gas-1, and isp-1) encoding a molecular machinery for the control of oxidative stress were found to be dysregulated in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. Meanwhile, genes (sod-2, sod-3, sod-4, sod-5, aak-2, skn-1, and gst-4) encoding certain antioxidant defense systems were increased in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. Mutation of mev-1, gas-1, sod-2, sod-3, aak-2, skn-1, or gst-4 enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by simulated microgravity, whereas mutation of isp-1 induced a resistance to oxidative stress induced by simulated microgravity. Mutation of sod-2, sod-3, or aak-2 further suppressed the recovery effect of simulated microgravity toxicity in nematodes after simulated microgravity treatment for 1h. Moreover, administration of ascorbate could inhibit the adverse effects including the induction of oxidative stress in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. Mutation of any of the genes encoding metallothioneins or the genes of hsp-16.1, hsp-16.2 and hsp-16.48 encoding heat-shock proteins did not affect the induction of oxidative stress in simulated microgravity treated nematodes. Our results provide a molecular basis for the induction of oxidative stress in simulated microgravity treated organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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mir-355 Functions as An Important Link between p38 MAPK Signaling and Insulin Signaling in the Regulation of Innate Immunity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14560. [PMID: 29109437 PMCID: PMC5673931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed a systematic identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the control of innate immunity. We identified 7 novel miRNA mutants with altered survival, colony forming in the body, and expression pattern of putative antimicrobial genes after Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Loss-of-function mutation of mir-45, mir-75, mir-246, mir-256, or mir-355 induced resistance to P. aeruginosa infection, whereas loss-of-function mutation of mir-63 or mir-360 induced susceptibility to P. aeruginosa infection. DAF-2 in the insulin signaling pathway acted as a target for intestinal mir-355 to regulate innate immunity. mir-355 functioned as an important link between p38 MAPK signaling pathway and insulin signaling pathway in the regulation of innate immunity. Our results provide an important molecular basis for further elucidation of the functions of various miRNAs in the regulation of innate immunity.
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41
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Zhang X, Zhou Q, Zou W, Hu X. Molecular Mechanisms of Developmental Toxicity Induced by Graphene Oxide at Predicted Environmental Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:7861-7871. [PMID: 28614664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Developmental toxicity is a critical issue in nanotoxicity. However, very little is known about the effects of graphene oxide (GO, a widely used carbon material) at predicted environmental concentrations on biological development or the specific molecular mechanisms. The present study established that the development of zebrafish embryos exposed to trace concentrations (1-100 μg/L) of GO was impaired because of DNA modification, protein carbonylation and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially the superoxide radical. Noticeably, there was a nonmonotonic response of zebrafish developmental toxicity to GO at μg/L to mg/L levels. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that disturbing collagen- and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-related genes affected the skeletal and cardiac development of zebrafish. Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed that the inhibition of amino acid metabolism and the ratios of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFAs) contributed to the above developmental toxicity. The present work verifies the developmental toxicity of GO at trace concentrations and illustrates for the first time the specific molecular mechanisms thereof. Because of the potential developmental toxicity of GO at trace concentrations, government administrators and nanomaterial producers should consider its potential risks prior to the widespread environmental exposure to GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
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42
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Wang J, Du H, Nie Y, Wang Y, Dai H, Wang M, Wang D, Xu A. Mitochondria and MAPK cascades modulate endosulfan-induced germline apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:412-419. [PMID: 30090509 PMCID: PMC6062295 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00046d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosulfan as a new member of persistent organic pollutants has been shown to induce apoptosis in various animal models. However, the mechanism underlying endosulfan-induced apoptosis has not been well elucidated thus far. Caenorhabditis elegans N2 wild type and mutant strains were used in the present study to clarify the roles of the mitochondria, the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades in α-endosulfan-induced apoptosis. Our results demonstrated a dose- and time-dependent increase of apoptosis in the meiotic zone of the gonad of C. elegans exposed to graded concentrations of endosulfan. The expression levels of sod-3, localized in the mitochondrial matrix, increased greatly after endosulfan exposure. A significant increase in germ cell apoptosis was observed in abnormal methyl viologen sensitivity-1 (mev-1(kn-1)) mutants (with abnormal mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II and higher ROS levels) compared to that in N2 at equal endosulfan concentrations. We found that the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and its downstream Ras/ERK/MAPK did not participate in the endosulfan-induced apoptosis. However, the apoptosis in the loss-of-function strains of JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways was completely or mildly suppressed under endosulfan stress. The apoptotic effects of endosulfan were blocked in the mutants of jnk-1/JNK-MAPK, sek-1/MAP2K, and pmk-1/p38-MAPK, suggesting that these downstream genes play an essential role in endosulfan-induced germ cell apoptosis. In contrast, the mkk-4/MAP2K and nsy-1/MAP3K were only partially involved in the apoptosis induction. Our data provide evidence that endosulfan increases germ cell apoptosis, which is regulated by mitochondrial function, JNK and p38 MAPK cascades. These findings contribute to the understanding of the signal transduction pathways involved in endosulfan-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - Hua Du
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Hui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - Mudi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - Dayan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
| | - An Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering , Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Province , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China .
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Ren M, Zhao L, Lv X, Wang D. Antimicrobial proteins in the response to graphene oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:578-590. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1329954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Qu M, Li Y, Wu Q, Xia Y, Wang D. Neuronal ERK signaling in response to graphene oxide in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:520-533. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1315190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Chen H, Li H, Wang D. Graphene Oxide Dysregulates Neuroligin/NLG-1-Mediated Molecular Signaling in Interneurons in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41655. [PMID: 28128356 PMCID: PMC5269675 DOI: 10.1038/srep41655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) can be potentially used in many medical and industrial fields. Using assay system of Caenorhabditis elegans, we identified the NLG-1/Neuroligin-mediated neuronal signaling dysregulated by GO exposure. In nematodes, GO exposure significantly decreased the expression of NLG-1, a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein. Loss-of-function mutation of nlg-1 gene resulted in a susceptible property of nematodes to GO toxicity. Rescue experiments suggested that NLG-1 could act in AIY interneurons to regulate the response to GO exposure. In the AIY interneurons, PKC-1, a serine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) protein, was identified as the downstream target for NLG-1 in the regulation of response to GO exposure. LIN-45, a Raf protein in ERK signaling pathway, was further identified as the downstream target for PKC-1 in the regulation of response to GO exposure. Therefore, GO may dysregulate NLG-1-mediated molecular signaling in the interneurons, and a neuronal signaling cascade of NLG-1-PKC-1-LIN-45 was raised to be required for the control of response to GO exposure. More importantly, intestinal RNAi knockdown of daf-16 gene encoding a FOXO transcriptional factor in insulin signaling pathway suppressed the resistant property of nematodes overexpressing NLG-1 to GO toxicity, suggesting the possible link between neuronal NLG-1 signaling and intestinal insulin signaling in the regulation of response to GO exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huirong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhi L, Yu Y, Li X, Wang D, Wang D. Molecular Control of Innate Immune Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection by Intestinal let-7 in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006152. [PMID: 28095464 PMCID: PMC5271417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA (miRNA) let-7 is an important miRNA identified in Caenorhabditis elegans and has been shown to be involved in the control of innate immunity. The underlying molecular mechanisms for let-7 regulation of innate immunity remain largely unclear. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis for intestinal let-7 in the regulation of innate immunity. Infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 decreased let-7::GFP expression. Intestine- or neuron-specific activity of let-7 was required for its function in the regulation of innate immunity. During the control of innate immune response to P. aeruginosa PA14 infection, SDZ-24 was identified as a direct target for intestinal let-7. SDZ-24 was found to be predominantly expressed in the intestine, and P. aeruginosa PA14 infection increased SDZ-24::GFP expression. Intestinal let-7 regulated innate immune response to P. aeruginosa PA14 infection by suppressing both the expression and the function of SDZ-24. Knockout or RNA interference knockdown of sdz-24 dampened the resistance of let-7 mutant to P. aeruginosa PA14 infection. Intestinal overexpression of sdz-24 lacking 3'-UTR inhibited the susceptibility of nematodes overexpressing intestinal let-7 to P. aeruginosa PA14 infection. In contrast, we could observed the effects of intestinal let-7 on innate immunity in P. aeruginosa PA14 infected transgenic strain overexpressing sdz-24 containing 3'-UTR. In the intestine, certain SDZ-24-mediated signaling cascades were formed for nematodes against the P. aeruginosa PA14 infection. Our results highlight the crucial role of intestinal miRNAs in the regulation of the innate immune response to pathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daoyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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Xiao G, Zhi L, Ding X, Rui Q, Wang D. Value of mir-247 in warning of graphene oxide toxicity in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our results imply the important potential of mir-247 in warning the formation of GO toxicity in the range of μg L−1 in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering
- Chongqing Three Gorges University
- Wanzhou 404100
- China
| | - Lingtong Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xuecheng Ding
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Dayong Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering
- Chongqing Three Gorges University
- Wanzhou 404100
- China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
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