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Puckett JA, Domínguez S, Matsuno E. Measures of Resilience: Do They Reflect the Experiences of Transgender Individuals? Transgend Health 2024; 9:1-13. [PMID: 38312450 PMCID: PMC10835151 DOI: 10.1089/trgh.2022.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience is often viewed as the ability to bounce back from challenges. This conceptualization tends to be individualistic and can be less fitting for marginalized communities. Research with transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals has shown that resilience can manifest in various ways, such as developing pride in one's identity, connection to a TGD community, or advocating against oppression. Given these conflicting views, we sought to (1) describe common themes in TGD people's experience of resilience by pooling information from qualitative research; and (2) evaluate how well quantitative measures of resilience reflected the ways that TGD people define resilience in qualitative research. We reviewed articles published from January 2010 to January 2020. Our search for research on resilience in TGD samples revealed 33 quantitative articles and 17 qualitative articles. We developed a codebook from the qualitative articles by retrieving information about themes from these past studies (e.g., developing motivation and agency, pride or positive self-image). We also reviewed the quantitative studies and retrieved the measures used to assess resilience, followed by coding these scales to understand whether the themes from the qualitative data were reflected in the quantitative measures of resilience. Overall, themes related to social support were common across the measures. However, other themes were not reflected in any measures, such as self-definition of gender, hope, and self-advocacy. Our research demonstrates the discrepancy between qualitative research on TGD resilience and quantitative measurement of resilience. Measure development that more fully reflects TGD people's experiences is key to advancing this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae A Puckett
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sergio Domínguez
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Em Matsuno
- Department of Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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2
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Expósito-Campos P, Pérez-Fernández JI, Salaberria K. Empirically supported affirmative psychological interventions for transgender and non-binary youth and adults: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 100:102229. [PMID: 36512905 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that transgender and non-binary (TGNB) individuals experience lower levels of psychological well-being than the general population. Although practice recommendations and guidelines exist, there is a paucity of studies evaluating the effects of psychological interventions on this group. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and analyze existing empirical affirmative psychological interventions for TGNB individuals to assess their efficacy. Eight databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane, ProQuest, Google Scholar) were searched from January 2010 to June 2022 to identify relevant studies. Included studies needed to be randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, or uncontrolled pre-post. Twenty-two articles were included, of which eight had TGNB participants only, two had mixed samples with separated outcome data for TGNB participants, and 12 had mixed samples with no disaggregated data. Experimental designs, participant samples, assessed variables, and type of interventions varied widely across studies, thus preventing comparisons. Overall results suggest improvements in psychological distress, depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance-related risk behaviors, coping skills/emotion regulation, stress appraisal, self-esteem, self-acceptance, social support, minority stress, resilience, hope, positive identity, and identity acceptance, although conclusions are limited by moderate-to-high risk of bias. Future research should implement more consistent and rigorous methodological designs to assess and compare intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Expósito-Campos
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, Tolosa Hiribidea 70, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Predoctoral Research Fellowship Program of the Department of Education of the Government of the Basque Country, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, Tolosa Hiribidea 70, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Karmele Salaberria
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, Tolosa Hiribidea 70, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
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Pharr JR, Chien LC, Gakh M, Flatt JD, Kittle K, Terry E. Moderating Effect of Community and Individual Resilience on Structural Stigma and Suicidal Ideation among Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14526. [PMID: 36361405 PMCID: PMC9656182 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural stigma in the form of discriminatory laws and policies impacts the mental health of sexual and gender minorities, especially with regard to suicidality. However, this relationship could be moderated by resilience. The past two years has brought anti-SGM legislation, particularly transgender sports bans, at the state level in the United States into focus. This study aims to understand if the relationship between familiarity with transgender sports bans (proposed or enacted) and suicidality was moderated by individual or community resilience. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of survey data collected from a national sample of 1033 SGM adults in the United States between 28 January and 7 February 2022. Univariate and multivariate moderation analyses were used. RESULTS In the univariate analyses and the final model, community resilience moderated the relationship between structural stigma and suicidality (p = 0.0002); however, individual resilience did not (p = 0.0664). CONCLUSION Interventions to bolster community resilience may attenuate the negative mental health impacts of structural stigma and are warranted, along with concerted efforts to minimize structural stigma in the form of discriminatory laws and policies targeting people who are SGM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Pharr
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - Maxim Gakh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - Jason D. Flatt
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - Krystal Kittle
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - Emylia Terry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
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4
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Rothbaum B, Etengoff C, Uribe E. Transgender community resilience on YouTube: Constructing an informational, emotional, and sociorelational support exchange. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:2366-2384. [PMID: 34942028 PMCID: PMC9304180 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This strength-based, mixed-methods study explored how trans individuals utilize transvlogs as a community building and resilience resource. Eighty-six transvlog viewers explained their motivation for viewing transvlogs and additionally rated their self-efficacy and well-being. Narrative analyses indicate that participants viewed transvlogs to gain informational, emotional, and sociorelational resources. Twelve percent of participants additionally shared those resources with others and contributed to a relational resilience exchange. In addition, transvlog viewers' self-efficacy and well-being scores were higher than previously reported means. While prior research has noted the benefits of transvlog creation, the present study furthers this study by suggesting that transvlog viewers interactionally benefit as well. Participants in this study were not passive viewers, but rather active, agentive contributors to a trans community resilience exchange. Building on this study, we conclude with a discussion of how therapists can incorporate extant trans-created resources to foster trans community resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chana Etengoff
- Derner School of PsychologyAdelphi UniversityGarden CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Elizabeth Uribe
- Derner School of PsychologyAdelphi UniversityGarden CityNew YorkUSA
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Scandurra C, Carbone A, Baiocco R, Mezzalira S, Maldonato NM, Bochicchio V. Gender Identity Milestones, Minority Stress and Mental Health in Three Generational Cohorts of Italian Binary and Nonbinary Transgender People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9057. [PMID: 34501646 PMCID: PMC8430636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people experience high rates of minority stress and associated risk for negative health outcomes. However, during the last years, significant positive socio-cultural changes have happened, and younger cohorts of TGNC individuals are having diverse experiences compared to older cohorts. By integrating the minority stress theory and the life course perspective, this cross-sectional, web-based study aimed to explore in 197 Italian TGNC people aged 18 to 54 years (M = 29.82, SD = 9.64) whether the average ages of gender identity milestones (i.e., first insights about being TGNC, self-labeling as a TGNC person, and coming out), minority stress, and mental health vary among three generational cohorts (i.e., Generation Z, Millennials, and Generation X). Compared with older cohorts, younger participants: (a) were more likely to be in the trans-masculine spectrum; (b) self-labeled as TGNC and came out earlier; (c) had more negative expectations and lower levels of disclosure; and (d) had higher levels of mental health problems. No generational differences related to first insights about being TGNC and distal minority stressors were found. Furthermore, compared with binary individuals, participants with a non-binary identity: (a) reported later ages for the gender identity milestones; (b) had higher negative expectations; and (c) had higher levels of mental health problems. Overall, our findings indicated that changes in the social environments have a limited impact on stigmatization processes and mental health of Italian TGNC people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Agostino Carbone
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy;
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy;
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Craig SL, Eaton AD, Kirkland A, Egag E, Pascoe R, King K, Krishnan S. Towards an integrative self: a digital photo elicitation study of resilience among key marginalized populations of sexual and gender minority youth. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 16:1961572. [PMID: 34375157 PMCID: PMC8366624 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.1961572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) experience unique challenges related to identity and disclosure, and cope in vibrant ways. Qualitative research has not yet fulsomely explored the risk, resilience, and identity intersections that impact vulnerable SGMY wellbeing. Methods: This digital photo-elicitation study (QueerView) recruited thirty SGMY (aged 14–29) from priority populations that had one or more of the following experiences: trans and gender diverse, homelessness, child welfare, and immigration. From submission of fifteen photos representing resilience and a semi-structured interview via web conferencing, constructivist grounded theory was utilized for multimodal analysis of photos, interview video, and interview transcript. Triangulation, an audit trail, and member checking were employed to support trustworthiness. Results: A visual model emerged showing how participants work towards an integrative self, with themes of reflecting and knowing, discrimination and intersectional challenges, connecting, performing, curating, coping, (re)defining and (re)creating, growing and being. Sub-themes of the impact of family dynamic and values, mental health and trauma, and the cathartic benefit from advocacy and leadership offered insight. Participant images were captured in a digital gallery. Conclusions: QueerView animates the complex lives of multiply marginalized SGMY and their intersectional strengths and challenges while demonstrating the utility of a digital multimodal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley L Craig
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D Eaton
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina - Saskatoon Campus, Regina, Canada
| | - Alexa Kirkland
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Egag Egag
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachael Pascoe
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kourteney King
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sreedevi Krishnan
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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7
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Minority stress, resilience, and health in Italian and Taiwanese LGB+ people: A cross-cultural comparison. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe present study, using a moderated mediational model, explored levels of distal/proximal stressors, rumination, resilience, and health in a group of Italian and Taiwanese LGB+ people. The study also examined the role of internalized sexual stigma (ISS) and rumination as mediators between discrimination and health, and resilience as a moderator of the relationship between discrimination and ISS, rumination, and health, respectively. An online survey was administered to 508 LGB+ participants (270 Italian and 238 Taiwanese) whose age ranged from 18 to 70 years (M = 37.93, SD = 13.53). The moderated mediation model was tested through a series of path analyses stratified by group nationality. Italian participants reported higher discrimination and resilience, but lower ISS, rumination, and health problems compared to their Taiwanese counterparts. The only common path between groups was the direct effect of discrimination on health problems. The mediating role of ISS and rumination in the relationship between discrimination and health, as well as the moderating role of resilience, were partly significant only for the Italian group. Conclusions: The findings suggest that mediators and moderators used to evaluate the effects of minority stress on health may differ between groups; further culturally sensitive research in the field of LGB+ health is needed.
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Abstract
Bisexual people are a strongly stigmatized population experiencing health disparities caused by social stigmatization. The predominant framework helping to understand these health disparities and the impact of stigma on mental health of social groups belonging to a sexual minority identity constitutes the minority stress theory. In Italy, studies assessing this model in bisexual populations are very limited. Within this framework, the current study aimed at assessing in 381 Italian bisexual individuals (62 men and 319 women) the effects of anti-bisexual discrimination, proximal stressors (i.e., anticipated binegativity, internalized binegativity, and outness), and resilience on psychological distress. The results suggested that only anti-bisexual discrimination and internalized binegativity were positively associated with psychological distress, and that resilience was negatively associated with mental health issues. Furthermore, the results suggested that internalized binegativity mediated the relationship between anti-bisexual discrimination and mental health problems. No moderating effect of resilience was found. This is the first study to have thoroughly applied minority stress in Italian bisexual people, providing Italian clinicians and researchers with an outline of the associations between minority stress, stigma, resilience, and psychological distress within this population.
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9
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Scandurra C, Dolce P, Vitelli R, Esposito G, Testa RJ, Balsam KF, Bochicchio V. Mentalizing stigma: Reflective functioning as a protective factor against depression and anxiety in transgender and gender-nonconforming people. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:1613-1630. [PMID: 32222104 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examined the role of internalized transphobia (IT) as a mediator between gender-related rejection and mental health, and reflective functioning (or mentalization) as a resilience factor moderating the relationship between both rejection and IT with mental health. METHOD This online study included 203 Italian transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals ranged in age from 18 to 66 years old (M = 30.70; standard deviation = 10.79). Moderated-mediation analysis was performed using a structural equation modeling approach. RESULTS Both rejection and IT were positively associated with mental health, and IT mediated the relationship between rejection and mental health. Mentalization moderated the relationship between rejection and IT with mental health. The indirect effect of rejection on mental health through IT was moderated by mentalization. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight psychological paths that may inform individual- and group-level mentalization-based interventions to reduce minority stress in TGNC individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rylan J Testa
- Center for LGBTQ Evidence-Based Applied Research (CLEAR), Palo Alto University, El Cerrito, California
| | - Kimberly F Balsam
- Department of Psychology, Center for LGBTQ Evidence-Based Applied Research (CLEAR), Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California
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10
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Lelutiu-Weinberger C, English D, Sandanapitchai P. The Roles of Gender Affirmation and Discrimination in the Resilience of Transgender Individuals in the US. Behav Med 2020; 46:175-188. [PMID: 32787726 PMCID: PMC8094222 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1725414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transgender individuals face severe stigma-driven health inequities structurally, institutionally, and interpersonally, yielding poor individual-level outcomes. Gender affirmation, or being recognized based on one's gender identity, expression, and/or role, may be considered a manifestation of resilience. To provide intervention and policy guidelines, we examined latent constructs representative of gender affirmation (legal documentation changes, transition-related medical procedures, familial support) and discrimination (unequal treatment, harassment, and attacks), and tested their impact on mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes among 17,188 binary-identified transgender participants in the 2015 US Transgender Survey. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed high standardized factor loadings for both latent variables, on which we regressed outcomes using structural equation modeling. Fit indices suggested good model fit. Affirmation was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation and psychological distress, and higher odds of substance use, and past-year healthcare use and HIV-testing. Discrimination was associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation, psychological distress, substance use, and past-year HIV-testing. Affirmation and discrimination interaction analyses showed lower odds of past-year suicidal ideation, with affirmation having a significant moderating protective effect against discrimination. Gender affirmation is paramount in upholding transgender health. Clarification of affirmation procedures, and increases in its accessibility, equitably across racial/ethnic groups, should become a priority, from policy to the family unit. The impact of discrimination demands continued advocacy via education and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Lelutiu-Weinberger
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, François-Xavier Bagnoud Center, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Devin English
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Priyadharshiny Sandanapitchai
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, François-Xavier Bagnoud Center, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
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Scandurra C, Vitelli R, Maldonato N, Valerio P, Bochicchio V. A qualitative study on minority stress subjectively experienced by transgender and gender nonconforming people in Italy. SEXOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Une étude qualitative sur le stress minoritaire ressenti par les personnes transgenres et de genre non conforme en Italie. SEXOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Scandurra C, Mezza F, Maldonato NM, Bottone M, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Vitelli R. Health of Non-binary and Genderqueer People: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1453. [PMID: 31293486 PMCID: PMC6603217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-binary and genderqueer (NBGQ) people are those who do not identify within the gender binary system (male vs. female), not falling exclusively in man/male or woman/female normative categories. A higher proportion of NBGQ people is usually found within young persons. This population is marginalized and, as such, is at risk of stigmatization and of developing negative health outcomes. As literature on the health of NBGQ people is sparse, this study aims at systematically review the limited studies on this field. Methods: The research questions which guided the systematic review were: (1) What are the differences in the health levels between NBGQ and binary transgender (BT) individuals? (2) What are the differences in the health levels between NBGQ and cisgender individuals? (3) Which medical and psychological interventions are most suitable for improving NBGQ health? According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the current systematic review. Among them, 9 were focused on the health differences between NBGQ and BT individuals, 4 of the latter and 1 individually were focused on the health differences between NBGQ and cisgender individuals, and 1 was focused on the evaluation of health outcomes related to medical procedures. No studies assessed psychological interventions aimed at improving health in NBGQ individuals. All studies were cross-sectional, did not generally recruit a large sample of NBGQ individuals, and used non-probability sample design. Results related to the difference in health between NBGQ and BT were mixed; indeed, some found a better health status while others a worse one. Results related to the differences in health between NBGQ and cisgender highlighted higher health needs in NBGQ than in BT individuals. The only study analyzing the effects of medical interventions on health found that NBGQ female-assigned at birth individuals improved their quality of life after chest surgery. Conclusions: Although scholars are starting to pay attention to the NBGQ health, research needs to be expanded both in terms of methodology and research contents. Clinical, health-related social policies, and research recommendations in this field are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mezza
- Center SInAPSi, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Bottone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Scandurra C, Mezza F, Valerio P, Vitelli R. Approcci affermativi e rilevanza del minority stress nel counseling psicologico con persone LGBT: una revisione della letteratura internazionale. PSICOTERAPIA E SCIENZE UMANE 2019. [DOI: 10.3280/pu2019-001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Bochicchio V, Perillo P, Valenti A, Chello F, Amodeo AL, Valerio P, Scandurra C. Pre-service teachers’ approaches to gender-nonconforming children in preschool and primary school: Clinical and educational implications. JOURNAL OF GAY & LESBIAN MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2019.1565791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Perillo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Valenti
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chello
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Parenting Desire and Minority Stress in Lesbians and Gay Men: A Mediation Framework. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102318. [PMID: 30360398 PMCID: PMC6211138 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid increase in lesbian and gay (LG) people who desire and decide to become parents, LG childless individuals may encounter serious obstacles in the parenthood process, such as minority stress. Notwithstanding, the psychological processes by which prejudice events might affect the desire to become parents are still understudied. As an extension of the minority stress theory, the psychological mediation framework sheds light on these psychological processes, as it encompasses a more clinical view of stress. Within this framework, the current study aimed at assessing the role of prejudice events in affecting parenting desire in 290 childless Italian LG individuals (120 lesbians and 170 gay men), as well as the role of internalized heterosexism and sexual orientation concealment in mediating the relationship between prejudice events and parenting desire. The results suggest that only in lesbians prejudice events were negatively associated with parenting desire, and that sexual orientation concealment and internalized heterosexism were also negatively associated with parenting desire. Furthermore, sexual orientation concealment, and not internalized heterosexism, mediated the relationship between prejudice events and parenting desire in lesbians, but not gay men. The findings have important implications for clinical practice.
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Scandurra C, Picariello S, Scafaro D, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Amodeo AL. Group Psychodynamic Counselling as a Clinical Training Device to Enhance Metacognitive Skills and Agency in Future Clinical Psychologists. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 14:444-463. [PMID: 30008956 PMCID: PMC6016038 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v14i2.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metacognitive skills and agency are among the main psychological abilities a clinical psychologist should have. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of group psychodynamic counselling as a clinical training device able to enhance metacognitive skills and agency in final-year undergraduates in clinical psychology within an educational context. Thirty-three final-year students of clinical psychology participated in an experiential laboratory lasting two months. Participants completed measures regarding metacognitive skills and agency at pre-, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up assessment. The results suggested that group psychodynamic counselling made students feel more capable of recognizing emotional states, understanding causal relationships, inferring mental states of others in terms of beliefs, desires, intentions, and expectations, and thinking critically. Furthermore, the group psychodynamic counselling helped students to feel more able to derive pathways to desired goals and to motivate themselves via agency thinking to use those pathways. Thus, the study confirmed the efficacy of group psychodynamic counselling as a clinical training device able to enhance metacognitive skills and agency in future clinical psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Scafaro
- SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Scandurra C, Bochicchio V, Amodeo AL, Esposito C, Valerio P, Maldonato NM, Bacchini D, Vitelli R. Internalized Transphobia, Resilience, and Mental Health: Applying the Psychological Mediation Framework to Italian Transgender Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018. [PMID: 29534023 PMCID: PMC5877053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people are a highly-stigmatized population. For this reason, they might internalize society’s normative gender attitudes and develop negative mental health outcomes. As an extension of the minority stress model, the psychological mediation framework sheds light on psychological processes through which anti-transgender discrimination might affect mental health. Within this framework, the current study aimed at assessing in 149 TGNC Italian individuals the role of internalized transphobia as a mediator between anti-transgender discrimination and mental health, considering resilience as the individual-level coping mechanism buffering this relationship. The results suggest that both indicators of internalized transphobia (i.e., shame and alienation) mediate the relationship between anti-transgender discrimination and depression, while only alienation mediates the relationship between anti-transgender discrimination and anxiety. Furthermore, the results suggest that the indirect relation between anti-transgender discrimination and anxiety through alienation is conditional on low and moderate levels of resilience. Findings have important implications for clinical practice and psycho-social interventions to reduce stigma and stress caused by interpersonal and individual stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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