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Corum O, Terzi E, Durna Corum D, Tastan Y, Gonzales RC, Kenanoglu ON, Arriesgado DM, Navarro VR, Bilen S, Sonmez AY, Uney K. Plasma and muscle tissue disposition of enrofloxacin in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) after intravascular, intraperitoneal, and oral administrations. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1806-1817. [PMID: 36136094 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2121429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the plasma and muscle pharmacokinetic of enrofloxacin (ENR) and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIP) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following single intravascular (IV), intraperitoneal (IP), or oral (PO) administration at 30 ± 1 °C. In this study, 234 healthy Nile tilapia (120-150 g) were used. The fish received a single IV, IP, or PO treatment of ENR at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The plasma and muscle tissue concentrations of ENR and CIP were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and were evaluated using non-compartmental analysis. The elimination half-life, volume of distribution at steady state, and total body clearance of ENR were 21.7 h, 2.69 L/kg, and 0.09 L/h/kg, respectively. The peak plasma concentrations of ENR after IP or PO administration were 6.11 and 4.21 µg/mL at 0.25 and 2 h, respectively. The bioavailability of ENR for IP or PO routes was 78% and 86%, respectively. AUC(0-120)muscle/AUC(0-120)plasma ratios following the IV, IP, or PO administrations were 1.43, 1.49, and 1.07, respectively. CIP was detected after all routes, but the AUC0-last ratios of CIP to ENR were <1.0% for plasma and muscle. ENR was detected up to 120 h following the IV, IP, or PO administrations. The long residence time of ENR after single IV, IP, or PO administration ensured the plasma concentration was ≥1 × MIC for bacteria with threshold MIC values of 0.92, 0.72, and 0.80 μg/mL over the whole 120 h observed. However, further studies are necessary to determine the optimum pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics data of ENR for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Yigit Tastan
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Ruby C Gonzales
- Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Science, Mindanao State University Naawan, College of Science and Environment, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
| | | | - Dan M Arriesgado
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Mindanao State University Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
| | - Victor R Navarro
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Mindanao State University Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
| | - Soner Bilen
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | | | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
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2
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Durna Corum D, Corum O, Terzi E, Coskun D, Bilen S, Cetin G, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after intravascular, intraperitoneal, and oral administrations. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:578-583. [PMID: 36000461 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefquinome in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following intravascular (IV), intraperitoneal (IP), and oral (PO) administrations at 14 ± 1°C. In this study, three hundred and six clinically healthy rainbow trout (110-140 g) were used. The fish received single IV, IP, and PO injections of cefquinome at 10 mg/kg dose. The plasma concentrations of cefquinome were measured using HPLC-UV and were evaluated using non-compartmental analysis. Cefquinome was measured up to 96 h for PO route and 144 h for IV and IP routes in plasma. Following IV administration, t1/2ʎz , ClT , and Vdss were 18.85 h, 0.037 L/h/kg, and 0.84 L/kg, respectively. The Cmax of IP and PO routes was 9.75 and 1.64 μg/ml, respectively. The bioavailability following IP and PO administrations was 59.46% and 12.33%, respectively. Cefquinome at 10 mg/kg dose may maintain T > MIC above 40% at 72 and 96 h intervals, respectively, following the IP and IV routes for bacteria with MIC values of ≤2 μg/ml and at 24 h intervals following the PO route for bacteria with MIC value of ≤0.75 μg/ml. However, further studies are needed to determine in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy and multiple dosage regimens of cefquinome against pathogens isolated from rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkiye
| | - Devran Coskun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Siirt, Siirt, Turkiye
| | - Soner Bilen
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkiye
| | - Gul Cetin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Erzincan Binali Yıldırım, Erzincan, Turkiye
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkiye
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3
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Durna Corum D, Corum O, Tekeli IO, Turk E, Kirgiz FC, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and oral administrations. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:570-577. [PMID: 35841586 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and oral (PO) administrations at 10 mg/kg dose. In this study, eight clinically healthy swan geese were used. The study was performed in four periods according to a crossover design with a 15 days washout period between two administrations. The plasma concentrations of danofloxacin were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatograph-ultraviolet detection, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis. Following IV administration, terminal elimination half-life (t1/2ʎz ), total clearance, and volume of distribution at steady state were 6.03 h, 0.34 L/h/kg, and 2.71 L/h/kg, respectively. After IM, SC, and PO administration, t1/2ʎz was longer than that after IV administration. The Cmax of danofloxacin following IM, SC, and PO administrations was 3.65, 2.76, and 1.98 μg/mL at 0.63, 1, and 2 h, respectively. The bioavailability following IM, SC, and PO administrations was 87.99, 72.77, and 57.68%, respectively. This information may help in the use of danofloxacin in geese, yet the determination of optimal dosage regimen and pharmacodynamic studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Ibrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Erdinc Turk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Fatma Ceren Kirgiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkiye
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Poapolathep S, Klangkaew N, Wongwaipairoj T, Chaiyabutr N, Giorgi M, Poapolathep A. Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) after intramuscular injection. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:352-357. [PMID: 35582881 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the pharmacokinetic profiles of danofloxacin (DNX) in freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis), following single intramuscular (i.m.) administrations at two different dosages of 6 and 12 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 h. DNX in the harvested crocodile plasma was extracted using liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method equipped with fluorescence detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a non-compartmental approach. DNX in plasma was quantifiable from 5 min to 168 h after i.m. administration at the two dosages in freshwater crocodiles. The area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax ) values increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Long elimination half-life (48.18 and 67.29 h) and low clearance (0.024 and 0.020 ml/g h) were obtained in the high- and low-dose groups, respectively. According to the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic surrogate (AUC0-24h /MIC > 125), i.m. single administration of DNX at a dosage of 6 mg/kg b.w. is predicted to have antibacterial success for disease caused by bacteria with MIC < 0.04 μg/ml in the freshwater crocodile, C. siamensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narumol Klangkaew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Narongsak Chaiyabutr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese (latomonte), San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Amnart Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Song ZW, Yang F, Dai Y, Zhang CS, Shao HT, Wang H, Ma KL, Li ZE, Yang F. Population Pharmacokinetics of Danofloxacin in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) After One Single Oral Dose. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:868966. [PMID: 35464352 PMCID: PMC9019490 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.868966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the population pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in healthy Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio Haematopterus) after single oral administration at 10 mg/kg body weight (BW). A sparse sampling was applied in this study and plasma samples were randomly collected from the tail veins of six carp at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h after administration. A maximum of four plasma samples was collected from each carp. Then the concentrations of danofloxacin in plasma samples were determined through an HPLC method. Danofloxacin could be quantified in plasma up to 144 h after administration. The corresponding population pharmacokinetic modeling was developed according to the non-linear mixed effect method, including covariate and covariance models to explain some variations from unknown sources and improve the prediction ability. On the premise of sparse sampling, the typical values of the population (fixed effect) and inter-individual variation (random effect) were described by the current population pharmacokinetic model. The estimated typical values and coefficient of variation between individuals (CV%) of absorption rate constant (tvKa), apparent distribution volume (tvV) and clearance (tvCL) were 2.48 h−1 and 0.203%, 47.8 L/kg and 8.40%, 0.694 L/h/kg and 4.35%, respectively. The current danofloxacin oral dosing (10 mg/kg BW) can provide suitable plasma concentrations to inhibit those pathogens with MIC values below 0.016 μg/ml based on the calculated PK/PD indices of AUC/MIC or Cmax/MIC. Further studies are still needed to determine the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy of danofloxacin against pathogens isolated from Yellow River carp and finally draw a reasonable dosing regimen.
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Wanmad W, Chomcheun T, Jongkolpath O, Klangkaew N, Phaochoosak N, Sukkheewan R, Laovechprasit W, Khidkhan K, Giorgi M, Poapolathep A, Poapolathep S. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of danofloxacin in green sea (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill sea (Eretmochelys imbricata) turtles. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:402-408. [PMID: 35332549 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, the number of green sea and hawksbill sea turtles is in decline due to environmental, anthropogenic, and pathological factors. The present study described the pharmacokinetic characteristics of danofloxacin (DNX) in green sea and hawksbill sea turtles, following single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations at single dosages of 6 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 h. DNX in the harvested plasma was cleaned up using liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a non-compartmental approach. DNX was quantifiable from 5 min to 168 h after i.v. and i.m. administrations at an identical dosage in both turtle types. No statistical differences were found in the pharmacokinetic parameters between green sea and hawksbill sea turtles. The long elimination half-life value of DNX obtained in green sea (35 h) and hawksbill sea (30.21 h) turtles was consistent with the quite large volume of distribution and the slow clearance rate. The high values of absolute bioavailability (87%-94%) should be advantageous for clinical use of DNX in sea turtles. According to the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic surrogate (AUC0-24 /MIC > 125), DNX is predicted to have antibacterial success for disease caused by bacteria with MIC < 0.04 µg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wipasitnee Wanmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphan Chomcheun
- Eastern Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Oranee Jongkolpath
- Eastern Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Narumol Klangkaew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napasorn Phaochoosak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rattapong Sukkheewan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kraisiri Khidkhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mario Giorgi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Italy
| | - Amnart Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saranya Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wang Z, Yang Y, Mu Y, Liu B, Zhang P, Zhang X, Sun H, Song Y, Cheng B. Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of norfloxacin in rainbow trout (
Oncorhynchus mykiss
). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:301-310. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Yan Yang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Yingchun Mu
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Fisheries Research Institute Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Huiwu Sun
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Yi Song
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Quality and Standards Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
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Corum O, Terzi E, Durna Corum D, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of meloxicam in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock following intravascular, intramuscular, and oral administrations. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 45:213-219. [PMID: 34778976 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of meloxicam were investigated after single intravascular (IV), intramuscular (IM), and oral dose of 1 mg/kg in rainbow trout broodstock at 11 ± 1.2°C. A total of 36 healthy rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock weighing 1.40 ± 0.26 kg was used for the investigation. Plasma concentrations of meloxicam were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. The elimination half-life for IV, IM, and oral routes was 3.63, 4.55, and 2.95 h, respectively. The IV route for meloxicam showed the total clearance of 0.05 L/h/kg and volume of distribution at a steady state of 0.20 L/kg. The peak plasma concentration was 2.97 μg/ml for the IM route and 0.84 μg/ml for the oral route. The bioavailability was 78.45% for the IM route and 21.48% for the oral route. Meloxicam following IM and oral administration displayed short t1/2ʎz . The short t1/2ʎz could be an advantage for the short-term use in acute conditions. The IM route with the good bioavailability can be preferred for the treatment of various conditions. However, developing new oral formulations with the good bioavailability for meloxicam is necessary to minimize stress and trauma through minimal handling in rainbow trout broodstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
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Uney K, Terzi E, Durna Corum D, Ozdemir RC, Bilen S, Corum O. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Integration of Enrofloxacin Following Single Oral Administration of Different Doses in Brown Trout ( Salmo trutta). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113086. [PMID: 34827818 PMCID: PMC8614407 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies report the use of enrofloxacin at higher doses than 10 mg/kg in fish. Pharmacokinetic data for increasing doses of enrofloxacin can facilitate suggestions regarding the dose for the treatment of infections in brown trout. This study aims to determine single oral pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin at 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses in brown trout and pharmacodynamics against Aeromonas hydrophila and A. sobria. Enrofloxacin exhibited non-linear and dose-disproportional pharmacokinetics. The long action of enrofloxacin following the single oral administration at 10 and 20 mg/kg doses may provide the unique dosage regimen to minimize handling, thereby reducing the cost of administration and stress in brown trout. Abstract The pharmacokinetic of enrofloxacin was investigated in brown trout (Salmo trutta) following oral administration of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses at 11 ± 1.5 °C. Furthermore, MICs of enrofloxacin against Aeromonas hydrophila and A. sobria were determined. The plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined using HPLC–UV and analyzed by non-compartmental method. Following oral administration at dose of 10 mg/kg, total clearance (CL/F), area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0−∞) and peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 41.32 mL/h/kg, 242.02 h*μg/mL and 4.63 μg/mL, respectively. When compared to 10 mg/kg dose, the dose-normalized AUC0–∞ and Cmax were increased by 56.30% and 30.08%, respectively, while CL/F decreased by 38.4% at 40 mg/kg dose, suggesting the non-linearity. Ciprofloxacin was not detected in the all of plasma samples. The MIC values of enrofloxacin were ranged 0.0625–4 μg/mL for A. hydrophila and 0.0625–2 μg/mL for A. sobria. The oral administration of enrofloxacin at 10 (for 192 h) and 20 (for 240 h) mg/kg doses provided the AUC of enrofloxacin equal to 1.23 and 1.96-fold MICs, respectively, for A. hydrophila and A. sobria with the MIC90 values of 1 µg/mL. However, further researches are needed on the PK/PD study of enrofloxacin for the successful treatment of infections caused by A. hydrophila and A. sobria in brown trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya 42031, Turkey;
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey; (E.T.); (R.C.O.); (S.B.)
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey;
| | - Rahmi Can Ozdemir
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey; (E.T.); (R.C.O.); (S.B.)
| | - Soner Bilen
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey; (E.T.); (R.C.O.); (S.B.)
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-3662805112
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Uney K, Durna Corum D, Terzi E, Corum O. Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Carprofen in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Broodstock. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:990. [PMID: 34208822 PMCID: PMC8309133 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of carprofen following intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral routes to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock at temperatures of 10 ± 1.5 °C. In this study, thirty-six healthy rainbow trout broodstock (body weight, 1.45 ± 0.30 kg) were used. The plasma concentrations of carprofen were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental analysis. Carprofen was measured up to 192 h for IV route and 240 h for IM, and oral routes in plasma. The elimination half-life (t1/2λz) was 30.66, 46.11, and 41.08 h for IV, IM and oral routes, respectively. Carprofen for the IV route showed the total clearance of 0.02 L/h/kg and volume of distribution at steady state of 0.60 L/kg. For IM and oral routes, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 3.96 and 2.52 μg/mL with the time to reach Cmax of 2 and 4 h, respectively. The bioavailability was 121.89% for IM route and 78.66% for oral route. The favorable pharmacokinetic properties such as the good bioavailability and long t1/2λz for IM and oral route of carprofen suggest the possibility of its effective use for the treatment of various conditions in broodstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey; (D.D.C.); (O.C.)
| | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey;
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey; (D.D.C.); (O.C.)
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11
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Terzi E, Kucukkosker B, Bilen S, Kenanoglu ON, Corum O, Özbek M, Parug SS. A novel herbal immunostimulant for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against Yersinia ruckeri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 110:55-66. [PMID: 33383177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this 21-day study, we examined the effects of the aqueous methanolic extract of thin-skinned plum (Prunus domestica) on growth, immune response and resistance to a pathogenic bacterium, Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were fed with diets containing thin-skinned plum extract doses as 0 (Control) 0.1 (PD01), 0.5 (PD05) and 1% (PD1) ad libitum twice in a day. At the end of the study, growth was affected positively but not significantly. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was decreased in the PD01 group (P < 0.05). There were elevated respiratory burst and potential bacterial killing activities on the 7th day in the PD1 fish group. No differences were observed in lysozyme activity (P > 0.05). An increased myeloperoxidase activity was recorded on the 14th day of study. Expression of interleukin and COX-2 genes was elevated on the 7th day of study in the kidney and intestine of treated fish. Histological results indicated no marked changes in organs (gill, kidney, liver and spleen) of PD treated fish groups. Challenge results of fish in all plum extract-treated groups showed an increased survival rate against Y. ruckeri (P < 0.05). This study indicated that the thin-skinned plum aqueous methanolic extract could improve innate immunity, survival against Y. ruckeri and decrease the FCR level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Terzi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu University, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Bunyamin Kucukkosker
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Science, Kastamonu University, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Soner Bilen
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu University, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | | | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, 37200, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Sukru Senol Parug
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu University, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Tekeli IO, Turk E, Durna Corum D, Corum O, Kirgiz FC, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and tissue residues of doxycycline in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica) after oral administration. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:2082-2092. [PMID: 33066710 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1825827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the bioavailability, tissue residue and withdrawal time of doxycycline after oral administration in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Japanese quails received doxycycline at 20 mg/kg dose following either single intravenous or oral administration, or 5-day oral administration. Doxycycline concentrations in plasma, liver, kidney, muscle, and skin + fat were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. The Withdrawal Time v1.4 software was used to calculate withdrawal times. Following single oral administration, terminal elimination half-life, area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to infinitive time, peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and time to reach Cmax were 10.98 h, 215.84 (h*µg)/mL, 15.33 μg/mL, and 2 h, respectively. The oral bioavailability was 25.84% in quails. In this study, the mean doxycycline concentration was below the maximum residue limit (MRL) at day 4 in skin + fat (0.120 µg/g), and at day 5 in kidney (0.41 µg/g), liver (0.26 µg/g), and muscle (<0.05 µg/g lowest limit of quantification). The highest concentrations of doxycycline after 5-day oral administration were found in kidney compared with other tissues and plasma. These results indicate that the withdrawal times required for doxycycline to reach concentrations <MRLs after 5-day oral administration at 20 mg/kg dose in Japanese quail are 6 days in Europe and China and 9 days in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal , Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erdinc Turk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal , Hatay, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu , Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kastamonu , Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ceren Kirgiz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal , Hatay, Turkey
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk , Konya, Turkey
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Urzúa N, Messina MJ, Prieto G, Lüders C, Errecalde C. Pharmacokinetics and tissue disposition of enrofloxacin in rainbow trout after different routes of administration. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1236-1241. [PMID: 32208796 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1747119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) and tissue disposition of enrofloxacin (EFX) was studied in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after a single oral administration of 10 mg/kg, and by immersion baths of 20 ppm during 2.5 h and 100 ppm during 0.5 h, at water temperature of 16.3 ± 0.3 °C.Concentrations of EFX in plasma and tissues (skin, muscle, liver, kidney and gut) were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection.Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed with a non-compartmental model. After oral administration, t½β, AUC and AUCtissues/AUCplasma ratio were 42.98 h, 21.80μg-h/ml and ≤ 18.63, respectively.After immersion baths of 20 ppm during 2.5 h and 100 ppm during 0.5 h, the t½β, AUC and AUCtissues/AUCplasma were 42.77 and 44.67, 9.83 and 12.83 μg-h/ml and ≤ 9.81 and ≤ 7.13, respectively.Therefore, oral (10 mg/kg) and bath administration in rainbow trout can provide AUC/MIC of ≥125 and Cmax/MIC of ≥10 to treat diseases caused by susceptible bacteria with MIC ≤ 0.04 μg/ml. This information can be helpful for the right use of EFX in rainbow trout. Also, this is the first study that determines the antibiotic tissue disposition in rainbow trout by using different administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Urzúa
- Departamento de Clínica Animal, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio cuarto, Argentina
| | - María Jimena Messina
- Departamento de Clínica Animal, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio cuarto, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Prieto
- Departamento de Clínica Animal, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio cuarto, Argentina
| | - Carlos Lüders
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos Errecalde
- Departamento de Clínica Animal, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Rio cuarto, Argentina
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Aboubakr M, Soliman A. Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus) after intravenous and intramuscular administrations. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:602-609. [PMID: 31842594 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The plasma pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin was studied in healthy African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) following a single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration of 10 mg/kg at 22 °C. Catfish were divided into two groups (each group containing 78 fish), then danofloxacin mesylate (10 mg/kg) was administered IV (into the caudal vein) in Group 1 and IM (into the right epaxial muscle) in Group 2, and blood was obtained from the caudal vein before (0 h) and after (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h) of drug administration. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of plasma concentration, and a non-compartmental model was used for the analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters. After IV administration, elimination half-life (t1/2λz, 24.49 h), mean residence time (MRT, 30.14 h), volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss, 1.07 L/kg) and total body clearance (CLT, 0.035 L/h/kg) were determined. After IM administration, t1/2λz, MRT, peak concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax and bioavailability were 47.64 h, 61.06 h, 5.22 µg/mL, 1 h and 67.12%, respectively. After IM administration, danofloxacin showed good bioavailability and long t1/2λz. The favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics after IM administration support the use of danofloxacin for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections in catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aboubakr
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, 13736 Moshtohor, Toukh, Qalioubeya, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- 2Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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Bilen S, Elbeshti HTAG. A new potential therapeutic remedy against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using tetra, Cotinus coggygria. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:1369-1381. [PMID: 31317560 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different antibiotic-based drugs are being used for the treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in rainbow trout, and several studies emphasize the use of medicinal plants as immunostimulants for prophylactic measure against Aeromoniasis disease. However, therapeutic effects of aqueous methanolic extracts of tetra (Cotinus coggygria) against A. hydrophila in rainbow trout were not investigated. Four different concentrations of tetra extract (0 [control], 4, 8 and 12 mg/100 µl) and also two different positive control groups (florfenicol and doxycycline antibiotics) were administered orally using feeding needles to individual rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss of all experimental groups twice a day after intramuscular inoculation of A. hydrophila. The study period was for 10 days. On 0th, 3rd, 7th and 10th day, blood and tissues were collected from the fish and changes in humoral immune responses, haematology and immune-related gene expressions were determined. In the study, superoxide radical production was decreased generally in all experimental groups except in 12 mg tetra and florfenicol treatments compared to control (p < .05). Lysozyme activity was generally decreased (p < .05), or no differences were observed in all experimental groups compared to the control. Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly increased in florfenicol-treated fish group on 7th day (p < .05). Generally, myeloperoxidase activity showed an increase in almost all tetra-treated groups. Haematological parameters increased but were not significantly high enough in treatments. Almost all immune-related gene expressions were significantly enhanced on 3rd and 10th day of the study. Survival rate of 53.33% was found in control group. There were no significant differences in survival between control and 4 mg tetra-treated group (p > .05). All the other groups' survival rate was significantly increased compared to control. The highest survival rate was found in florfenicol group (80%). In 12 mg tetra-, doxycycline- and 8 mg tetra-treated groups, survival rate was recorded as 74.44%, 70% and 70%, respectively. Our results suggest that tetra methanolic extract is an effective therapeutic remedy against A. hydrophila infection in rainbow trout at the dose of 24 mg/32.34 g body weight/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soner Bilen
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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16
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Bilen S, Sirtiyah AMA, Terzi E. Therapeutic effects of beard lichen, Usnea barbata extract against Lactococcus garvieae infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:401-409. [PMID: 30711494 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, therapeutic effects of aqueous methanolic extracts of beard lichen (Usnea barbata) against Lactococcus garvieae (ATCC 43921) in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. Six different experimental groups [0 mg/100 μL (Control), 4 mg/100 μL, 8 mg/100 μL, 12 mg/100 μL, 6 mg/100 μL florfenicol (positive control), 6 mg/100 μL erythromycin (positive control)] were set up to determine effects of lichen extract on immune responses and survival rate. In the study, superoxide radical production was increased in fish treated with 12 mg beard lichen extract, florfenicol and erythromycin compared to that of control (P < 0.05). Lysozyme activity was generally decreased (P < 0.05) or no differences were observed in all experimental groups compared to that of control (P > 0.05). Myeloperoxidase was significantly increased in all antibiotic treated groups. No differences were observed in liver histology of experimental groups compared to control. Cytokine gene expressions were elevated in all experimental groups compared to that of control (P < 0.05), except IL-1β expression at 10th day sampling time. Other immune related genes (IL-8, TGF- β, IL-12 Beta, TNFα1, IL-10, COX-2, IL-6, TLR5, C3, IGM, MHC-II, iNOS, IgT, IFN1, IFN2, IFN reg) were also elevated in all experimental groups compared to that of control group. The survival rates obtained in 4 mg beard lichen treated group, 8 mg beard lichen treated group and erythromycin treated group were 73.08, 65.38 and 80.77% respectively. Our results suggest that beard lichen methanolic extract could be an effective therapeutic agent to be used against L. garvieae infection in rainbow trout at the dose of 4 mg/17.41 ± 0.3 g body weight/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soner Bilen
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | | | - Ertugrul Terzi
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu, Turkey
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