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Yüksek G, Taş DO, Ubay-Cokgor E, Jones JP, Gosselin M, Cabana H. Effects of potential inducers to enhance laccase production and evaluating concomitant enzyme immobilisation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3517-3532. [PMID: 37259795 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2219851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated non-polar solvent hexane and polar solvents methanol and ethanol as inducers besides a well-known inducer, copper, for laccase production with and without mesoporous silica-covered plastic packing under sterilised and unsterilised conditions. The potential of waste-hexane water, which is generated during the mesoporous silica production process, was also investigated as a laccase inducer. During the study, the free and immobilised laccase activity on the packing was measured. The results showed that the highest total laccase activity, approximately 10,000 Units, was obtained under sterilised conditions with 0.5 mM copper concentration. However, no immobilised laccase activity was detected except in the copper and ethanol sets under unsterilised conditions. The maximum immobilised laccase activity of the sets that used waste hexane as an inducer was 1.25 U/mg packing. According to its significant performance, waste hexane can be an alternative inducer under sterilised conditions. Concomitant immobilised packing showed satisfactory laccase activities and could be a promising method to reduce operation costs and improve the cost-efficiency of enzymatic processes in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülten Yüksek
- Sherbrooke University Water Research Group, Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Okutman Taş
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Ubay-Cokgor
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - J Peter Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnology Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | | | - Hubert Cabana
- Sherbrooke University Water Research Group, Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Maniak H, Matyja K, Pląskowska E, Jarosz J, Majewska P, Wietrzyk J, Gołębiowska H, Trusek A, Giurg M. 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid-Based Hydrazide-Hydrazones as Potent Growth Inhibition Agents of Laccase-Producing Phytopathogenic Fungi That Are Useful in the Protection of Oilseed Crops. Molecules 2024; 29:2212. [PMID: 38792074 PMCID: PMC11124341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The research on new compounds against plant pathogens is still socially and economically important. It results from the increasing resistance of pests to plant protection products and the need to maintain high yields of crops, particularly oilseed crops used to manufacture edible and industrial oils and biofuels. We tested thirty-five semi-synthetic hydrazide-hydrazones with aromatic fragments of natural origin against phytopathogenic laccase-producing fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Cerrena unicolor. Among the investigated molecules previously identified as potent laccase inhibitors were also strong antifungal agents against the fungal species tested. The highest antifungal activity showed derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and salicylic aldehydes with 3-tert-butyl, phenyl, or isopropyl substituents. S. sclerotiorum appeared to be the most susceptible to the tested compounds, with the lowest IC50 values between 0.5 and 1.8 µg/mL. We applied two variants of phytotoxicity tests for representative crop seeds and selected hydrazide-hydrazones. Most tested molecules show no or low phytotoxic effect for flax and sunflower seeds. Moreover, a positive impact on seed germination infected with fungi was observed. With the potential for application, the cytotoxicity of the hydrazide-hydrazones of choice toward MCF-10A and BALB/3T3 cell lines was lower than that of the azoxystrobin fungicide tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Maniak
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Konrad Matyja
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Elżbieta Pląskowska
- Division of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24A Grunwald Square, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Jarosz
- Laboratory of Experimental Anticancer Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Paulina Majewska
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, 3 Hrabska Avenue, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Laboratory of Experimental Anticancer Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Hanna Gołębiowska
- Department of Weed Science and Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 61 Orzechowa Street, 50-540 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Trusek
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Mirosław Giurg
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Westrick NM, Dominguez EG, Bondy M, Hull CM, Smith DL, Kabbage M. A single laccase acts as a key component of environmental sensing in a broad host range fungal pathogen. Commun Biol 2024; 7:348. [PMID: 38514801 PMCID: PMC10957995 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted laccases are important enzymes on a broad ecological scale for their role in mediating plant-microbe interactions, but within ascomycete fungi these enzymes have been primarily associated with melanin biosynthesis. In this study, a putatively secreted laccase, Sslac2, was characterized from the broad-host-range plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which is largely unpigmented and is not dependent on melanogenesis for plant infection. Gene knockouts of Sslac2 demonstrate wide ranging developmental phenotypes and are functionally non-pathogenic. These mutants also displayed indiscriminate growth behaviors and enhanced biomass formation, seemingly as a result of their inability to respond to canonical environmental growth cues, a phenomenon further confirmed through chemical stress, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy demonstrate apparent differences in extracellular matrix structure between WT and mutant strains that likely explain the inability of the mutants to respond to their environment. Targeting Sslac2 using host-induced gene silencing significantly improved resistance to S. sclerotiorum, suggesting that fungal laccases could be a valuable target of disease control. Collectively, we identified a laccase critical to the development and virulence of the broad-host-range pathogen S. sclerotiorum and propose a potentially novel role for fungal laccases in modulating environmental sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel M Westrick
- Valley Laboratory, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Windsor, CT, USA
| | - Eddie G Dominguez
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Madeline Bondy
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christina M Hull
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Damon L Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mehdi Kabbage
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Sharghi S, Ahmadi FS, Kakhki AM, Farsi M. Copper increases laccase gene transcription and extracellular laccase activity in Pleurotus eryngii KS004. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:111-116. [PMID: 38231377 PMCID: PMC10920597 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii secretes various laccases involved in the degradation of a wide range of chemical compounds. Since the laccase production is relatively low in fungi, many efforts have been focused on finding ways to increase it, so in this study, we investigated the effect of copper on the transcription of the pel3 laccase gene and extracellular laccase activity. The results indicate that adding 0.5 to 2 mM copper to liquid cultures of P. eryngii KS004 increased both pel3 gene transcription and extracellular laccase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The most significant increase in enzyme activity occurred at 1 mM Cu2+, where the peak activity was 4.6 times higher than in control flasks. Copper also induced the transcription of the laccase gene pel3. The addition of 1.5 and 2 mM Cu2+ to fungal culture media elevated pel3 transcript levels to more than 13-fold, although the rate of induction slowed down at Cu2+ concentrations higher than 1.5 mM. Our findings suggest that copper acts as an inducer in the regulation of laccase gene expression in P. eryngii KS004. Despite its inhibitory effect on fungal growth, supplementing cultures with copper can lead to an increased extracellular laccase production in P. eryngii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sharghi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farajollah Shahriari Ahmadi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amin Mirshamsi Kakhki
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Albulaihed Y, Adnan M, Jamal A, Snoussi M, Patel K, Patel M. Optimization of laccase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia E1 by submerge fermentation using coconut husk with its detoxification and biodecolorization ability of synthetic dyes. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:80. [PMID: 38647840 PMCID: PMC10991366 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of synthetic dyes holds an immense promise for addressing the environmental concerns associated with the textile and dye industries. This study aimed to isolate bacteria capable of producing laccase enzymes from an anthropogenic environment. Subsequently, viability of utilizing cost-effective agricultural residues as substrates for laccase production was assessed. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the One Variable at a Time (OVAT) approach was pursued for the optimization of laccase production, followed by pH and temperature stability, dye degradation and decolorization experiments, toxicological studies on the degraded dye metabolites. In results, laccase-producing bacterial strain was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain E1 (S. maltophilia). Among variety of substrates, coconut husk exhibited optimal efficacy. In a statistical optimization study, it was found that S. maltophilia was capable of producing laccase 51.38 IU/mL, i.e., three times higher than the amount of laccase produced by unoptimized medium (16.7 IU/mL), and the enzyme activity was found to be steady at an acidic pH, and a mesophilic temperature range. The laccase obtained from S. maltophilia E1 demonstrated proficient dye decolorization capabilities, achieving a notable 92.1% reduction in Malachite green dye coloration at a concentration of 500 ppm. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the decolorized derivatives of Malachite green revealed a conversion into a distinct compounds. Moreover, after undergoing laccase treatment, Malachite green exhibited decreased phytotoxic effects on Oryza sativa, pointing to enzymatic detoxification. Collectively, insights gained from the present study will contribute to the development of efficient enzymatic approaches for addressing the environmental pollution caused by synthetic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed Albulaihed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kartik Patel
- Biotech Research and Development Lab, Witmans Industries Private Limited, Daman, Bhimpore, 396210, India
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, India.
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Rodríguez-Ramos F, Briones-Labarca V, Plaza V, Castillo L. Iron and copper on Botrytis cinerea: new inputs in the cellular characterization of their inhibitory effect. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15994. [PMID: 37744242 PMCID: PMC10517660 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain metals play key roles in infection by the gray mold fungus, Botrytis cinerea. Among them, copper and iron are necessary for redox and catalytic activity of enzymes and metalloproteins, but at high concentrations they are toxic. Understanding the mechanism requires more cell characterization studies for developing new, targeted metal-based fungicides to control fungal diseases on food crops. This study aims to characterize the inhibitory effect of copper and iron on B. cinerea by evaluating mycelial growth, sensitivity to cell wall perturbing agents (congo red and calcofluor white), membrane integrity, adhesion, conidial germination, and virulence. Tests of copper over the range of 2 to 8 mM and iron at 2 to 20 mM revealed that the concentration capable of reducing mycelial growth by 50% (IC50) was 2.87 mM and 9.08 mM for copper and iron, respectively. When mixed at equimolar amounts there was a significant inhibitory effect mostly attributable to copper. The effect of Cu50, Fe50, and Cu50-Fe50 was also studied on the mycelial growth of three wild B. cinerea strains, which were more sensitive to metallic inhibitors. A significant inhibition of conidial germination was correlated with adhesion capacity, indicating potential usefulness in controlling disease at early stages of crop growth. Comparisons of the effects of disruptive agents on the cell wall showed that Cu, Fe, and Cu-Fe did not exert their antifungal effect on the cell wall of B. cinerea. However, a relevant effect was observed on plasma membrane integrity. The pathogenicity test confirmed that virulence was correlated with the individual presence of Cu and Fe. Our results represent an important contribution that could be used to formulate and test metal-based fungicides targeted at early prevention or control of B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Rodríguez-Ramos
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Vilbett Briones-Labarca
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Verónica Plaza
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Luis Castillo
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Coquimbo, Chile
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Gan Z, Zhang X, Li M, Li X, Zhang X, Wang C, Xiao Y, Liu J, Fang Z. Seryl-tRNA Synthetase Shows a Noncanonical Activity of Upregulating Laccase Transcription in Trametes hirsuta AH28-2 Exposed to Copper Ion. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0076823. [PMID: 37395668 PMCID: PMC10433817 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00768-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of Seryl-tRNA synthetase in fungi during gene transcription regulation beyond translation has not been reported. Here, we report a seryl-tRNA synthetase, ThserRS, which can negatively regulate laccase lacA transcription in Trametes hirsuta AH28-2 under exposure to copper ion. ThserRS was obtained through yeast one-hybrid screening using a bait sequence of lacA promoter (-502 to -372 bp). ThserRS decreased while lacA increased at the transcription level in T. hirsuta AH28-2 in the first 36 h upon CuSO4 induction. Then, ThserRS was upregulated, and lacA was downregulated. ThserRS overexpression in T. hirsuta AH28-2 resulted in a decrement in lacA transcription and LacA activity. By comparison, ThserRS silencing led to increased LacA transcripts and activity. A minimum of a 32-bp DNA fragment containing two putative xenobiotic response elements could interact with ThserRS, with a dissociation constant of 919.9 nM. ThserRS localized in the cell cytoplasm and nucleus in T. hirsuta AH28-2 and was heterologously expressed in yeast. ThserRS overexpression also enhanced mycelial growth and oxidative stress resistance. The transcriptional level of several intracellular antioxidative enzymes in T. hirsuta AH28-2 was upregulated. Our results demonstrate a noncanonical activity of SerRS that acts as a transcriptional regulation factor to upregulate laccase expression at an early stage after exposure to copper ions. IMPORTANCE Seryl-tRNA synthetase is well known for the attachment of serine to the corresponding cognate tRNA during protein translation. In contrast, its functions beyond translation in microorganisms are underexplored. We performed in vitro and cell experiments to show that the seryl-tRNA synthetase in fungi with no UNE-S domain at the carboxyl terminus can enter the nucleus, directly interact with the promoter of the laccase gene, and negatively regulate the fungal laccase transcription early upon copper ion induction. Our study deepens our understanding of the Seryl-tRNA synthetase noncanonical activities in microorganisms. It also demonstrates a new transcription factor for fungal laccase transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Gan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengke Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenkai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Taillis D, Becissa O, Pébarthé-Courrouilh A, Renouf E, Palos-Pinto A, Richard T, Cluzet S. Antifungal Activities of a Grapevine Byproduct Extract Enriched in Complex Stilbenes and Stilbenes Metabolization by Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4488-4497. [PMID: 36912343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine co-products, as canes, represent a source of compounds of interest to control vineyard diseases with a sustainable approach. We chose to study an extract that we produced from grapevine trunk and roots. This extract, enriched in complex stilbenes, strongly reduced mycelial growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, the fungal agent causing gray mold. The most active stilbenes were resveratrol, r-viniferin, and ε-viniferin. This grapevine extract also inhibited the production of Botrytis laccases. Conversely, Botrytis secretome metabolized resveratrol into δ-viniferin and pallidol (2 dimers); and ε-viniferin, a dimer, into hopeaphenol, r-viniferin, and r2-viniferin (3 tetramers). r-Viniferin and hopeaphenol (2 tetramers) were not metabolized. The biotransformed extract maintained an effective antimycelial activity. This study provides evidence that a grapevine extract enriched in oligomerized stilbenes exerts different anti-Botrytis activities, notwithstanding the ability of the fungus to metabolize some stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Taillis
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Oussama Becissa
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Anthony Pébarthé-Courrouilh
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Elodie Renouf
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Antonio Palos-Pinto
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Tristan Richard
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Stéphanie Cluzet
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33170 Gradignan, France
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9
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Singh G, Kumar S, Afreen S, Bhalla A, Khurana J, Chandel S, Aggarwal A, Arya SK. Laccase mediated delignification of wasted and non-food agricultural biomass: Recent developments and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123840. [PMID: 36849073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of microbial laccases is considered as the cleaner and target specific biocatalytic mechanism for the recovery of cellulose and hemicelluloses from nonfood and wasted agricultural, lignocellulosic biomass (LCB). The extent of lignin removal by laccase depends on the biochemical composition of biomass and the redox potential (E0) of the biocatalyst. Intensive research efforts are going on all over the world for the recognition of appropriate and easily available agricultural lignocellulosic feedstocks to exploit maximally for the production of value-added bioproducts and biofuels. In such circumstances, laccase can play a major role as a leading biocatalyst and potent substitute for chemical based deconstruction of the lignocellulosic materials. The limited commercialization of laccase at an industrial scale has been feasible due to its full working efficiency mostly expressed in the presence of cost intensive redox mediators only. Although, recently there are some reports that came on the mediator free biocatalysis of enzyme but still not considerably explored and neither understood in depth. The present review will address the various research gaps and shortcomings that acted as the big hurdles before the complete exploitation of laccases at an industrial scale. Further, this article also reveals insights on different microbial laccases and their diverse functional environmental conditions that affect the deconstruction process of LCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursharan Singh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Sumbul Afreen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Bhalla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Jyoti Khurana
- Biotechnology Department, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sanjeev Chandel
- GHG College of Pharmacy, Raikot Road, Ludhiana, -141109, India
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Gupta NC, Yadav S, Arora S, Mishra DC, Budhlakoti N, Gaikwad K, Rao M, Prasad L, Rai PK, Sharma P. Draft genome sequencing and secretome profiling of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum revealed effector repertoire diversity and allied broad-host range necrotrophy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21855. [PMID: 36528657 PMCID: PMC9759525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
White mold commonly known as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes stem rot disease and has emerged as one of the major fungal pathogens of oilseed Brassica across the world. In the present study, consistently virulent S. sclerotiorum isolate "ESR-01" was sequenced and an assembly size of ~ 41 Mb with 328 scaffolds having N50 of 447,128 was obtained. Additionally, 27,450 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified from 155 scaffolds against S. sclerotiorum 1980 isolate, with an average SNP density of ~ 1.5 per kb genome. 667 repetitive elements were identified and approximately comprised 7% of the total annotated genes. The DDE_1 with 454 in numbers was found to be the most abundant and accounts for 68% of the total predicted repetitive elements. In total, 3844 simple sequence repeats are identified in the 328 scaffolds. A total of 9469 protein-coding genes were predicted from the whole genome assembly with an average gene length of 1587 bp and their distribution as 230.95 genes per Mb in the genome. Out of 9469 predicted protein-coding genes, 529 genes were observed encoding the CAZymes (Carbohydrate-Active enzymes) capable of degradation of the complex polysaccharides. Glycosyltransferase (GT) families were most abundant (49.71%) among the predicted CAZymes and GT2 (23%), GT4 (20%), and glycoside hydrolase (GH) 23% with GH18 (11%) were the prominent cell wall degrading enzyme families in the ESR-01 secretome. Besides this, 156 genes essential for the pathogen-host interactions were also identified. The effector analysis in the whole genome proteomics dataset revealed a total of 57 effector candidates (ECs) and 27 of them were having their analogs whereas the remaining 30 were novel ones. Eleven selected ECs were validated experimentally by analyzing the expression profile of the ESR-01 isolate of S. sclerotiorum. Together, the present investigation offers a better understanding of the S. sclerotiorum genome, secretome, and its effector repertoire which will help in refining the present knowledge on S. sclerotiorum-Brassica interactions and necrotrophic lifestyle of the phytopathogen in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin C. Gupta
- grid.418105.90000 0001 0643 7375ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunita Yadav
- grid.463150.50000 0001 2218 1322Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaweta Arora
- grid.418105.90000 0001 0643 7375ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Dwijesh C. Mishra
- grid.463150.50000 0001 2218 1322Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Budhlakoti
- grid.463150.50000 0001 2218 1322Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kishore Gaikwad
- grid.418105.90000 0001 0643 7375ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahesh Rao
- grid.418105.90000 0001 0643 7375ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshman Prasad
- grid.418196.30000 0001 2172 0814ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Pramod K. Rai
- grid.505951.d0000 0004 1768 6555ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan India
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- grid.505951.d0000 0004 1768 6555ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan India
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Pooalai R, Khongfak S, Leungtongkam U, Thummeepak R, Kunthalert D, Sitthisak S. Genomic analysis uncovers laccase-coding genes and biosynthetic gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in laccase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11932. [PMID: 35831359 PMCID: PMC9279374 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are multicopper oxidase family enzymes that can oxidize various substrates. In this study, we isolated laccase-producing Acinetobacter spp. from the environment, and one isolate of laccase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii, designated NI-65, was identified. The NI-65 strain exhibited constitutive production of extracellular laccase in a crude extract using 2,6-dimethoxyphenol as a substrate when supplemented with 2 mM CuSO4. Whole-genome sequencing of the NI-65 strain revealed a genome size of 3.6 Mb with 3,471 protein-coding sequences. The phylogenetic analysis showed high similarity to the genome of A. baumannii NCIMB8209. Three laccase proteins, PcoA and CopA, that belong to bacterial CopA superfamilies, and LAC-AB, that belongs to the I-bacterial bilirubin oxidase superfamily, were identified. These proteins were encoded by three laccase-coding genes (pcoA, copA, and lac-AB). The lac-AB gene showed a sequence similar to that of polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Gene clusters encoding the catabolized compounds involved in the utilization of plant substances and secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds were identified. This is the first report of whole-genome sequencing of laccase-producing A. baumannii, and the data from this study help to elucidate the genome of A. baumannii to facilitate its application in synthetic biology for enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Pooalai
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Supat Khongfak
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Udomluk Leungtongkam
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Rapee Thummeepak
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Duangkamol Kunthalert
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sutthirat Sitthisak
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. .,Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
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Enzymatic Bioprospecting of Fungi Isolated from a Tropical Rainforest in Mexico. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 8:jof8010022. [PMID: 35049962 PMCID: PMC8780421 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The humid tropical environment provides an ideal place for developing a high diversity of plants; this is why it is an interesting site for the enzymatic bioprospecting of fungi that are responsible for the recycling of organic matter in an efficient and accelerated way and whose enzymes could have multiple biotechnological applications. For this study, 1250 isolates of macroscopic and microscopic fungal morphotypes were collected from soil, leaf litter, and wood. One hundred and fifty strains (50 from each source) were selected for the enzymatic screening. From the first phase, 51 strains with positive activity for laccase, protease, amylase, xylanase, and lipase enzymes were evaluated, of which 20 were isolated from leaf litter, 18 from the soil, and 13 from wood. The 10 best strains were selected for the enzymatic quantification, considering the potency index and the production of at least two enzymes. High laccase activity was detected for Trametes villosa FE35 and Marasmius sp. CE25 (1179 and 710.66 U/mg, respectively), while Daedalea flavida PE47 showed laccase (521.85 U/mg) and protease activities (80.66 U/mg). Fusarium spp. PH79 and FS400 strains had amylase (14.0 U/mg, 49.23 U/mg) and xylanase activities (40.05 U/mg, 36.03 U/mg) respectively. These results confirm the enzymatic potential of fungi that inhabit little-explored tropical rainforests with applications in industry.
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