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Vounckx M, Tijtgat J, Stevens L, Dirven I, Ilsen B, Vandenbroucke F, Raeymaeckers S, Vekens K, Forsyth R, Geeraerts X, Van Riet I, Schwarze JK, Tuyaerts S, Decoster L, De Ridder M, Dufait I, Neyns B. A randomized phase II clinical trial of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and systemic pembrolizumab with or without intratumoral avelumab/ipilimumab plus CD1c (BDCA-1) +/CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells in solid tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:167. [PMID: 38954010 PMCID: PMC11219623 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment are indispensable at initiating effector T-cell responses and response to ICB. METHODS In this phase II clinical trial, anti-PD-1 ICB pretreated oligometastatic patients (tumor agnostic) underwent a leukapheresis followed by isolation of CD1c(BDCA-1)+/CD141(BDCA-3)+ myDC. Following hypofractionated stereotactic body RT (3 × 8 Gy), patients were randomized (3:1). Respectively, in arm A (immediate treatment), intratumoral (IT) ipilimumab (10 mg) and avelumab (40 mg) combined with intravenous (IV) pembrolizumab (200 mg) were administered followed by IT injection of myDC; subsequently, IV pembrolizumab and IT ipilimumab/avelumab were continued (q3W). In arm B (contemporary control arm), patients received IV pembrolizumab, with possibility to cross-over at progression. Primary endpoint was 1-year progression-free survival rate (PFS). Secondary endpoints were safety, feasibility, objective response rate, PFS, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Thirteen patients (10 in arm A, eight non-small cell lung cancer, and five melanoma) were enrolled. Two patients crossed over. One-year PFS rate was 10% in arm A and 0% in arm B. Two patients in arm A obtained a partial response, and one patient obtained a stable disease as best response. In arm B, one patient obtained a SD. Median PFS and OS were 21.8 weeks (arm A) versus 24.9 (arm B), and 62.7 versus 57.9 weeks, respectively. An iatrogenic pneumothorax was the only grade 3 treatment-related adverse event. CONCLUSION SBRT and pembrolizumab with or without IT avelumab/ipilimumab and IT myDC in oligometastatic patients are safe and feasible with a clinically meaningful tumor response rate. However, the study failed to reach its primary endpoint. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04571632 (09 AUG 2020). EUDRACT 2019-003668-32. Date of registration: 17 DEC 2019, amendment 1: 6 MAR 2021, amendment 2: 4 FEB 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Vounckx
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Latoya Stevens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Dirven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Ilsen
- Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederik Vandenbroucke
- Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Raeymaeckers
- Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karolien Vekens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xenia Geeraerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lore Decoster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ines Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
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Heras-Murillo I, Adán-Barrientos I, Galán M, Wculek SK, Sancho D. Dendritic cells as orchestrators of anticancer immunity and immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:257-277. [PMID: 38326563 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of antigen-presenting innate immune cells that regulate adaptive immunity, including against cancer. Therefore, understanding the precise activities of DCs in tumours and patients with cancer is important. The classification of DC subsets has historically been based on ontogeny; however, single-cell analyses are now additionally revealing a diversity of functional states of DCs in cancer. DCs can promote the activation of potent antitumour T cells and immune responses via numerous mechanisms, although they can also be hijacked by tumour-mediated factors to contribute to immune tolerance and cancer progression. Consequently, DC activities are often key determinants of the efficacy of immunotherapies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Potentiating the antitumour functions of DCs or using them as tools to orchestrate short-term and long-term anticancer immunity has immense but as-yet underexploited therapeutic potential. In this Review, we outline the nature and emerging complexity of DC states as well as their functions in regulating adaptive immunity across different cancer types. We also describe how DCs are required for the success of current immunotherapies and explore the inherent potential of targeting DCs for cancer therapy. We focus on novel insights on DCs derived from patients with different cancers, single-cell studies of DCs and their relevance to therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Adán-Barrientos
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Galán
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- Innate Immune Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Tijtgat J, Geeraerts X, Boisson A, Stevens L, Vounckx M, Dirven I, Schwarze JK, Raeymaeckers S, Forsyth R, Van Riet I, Tuyaerts S, Willard-Gallo K, Neyns B. Intratumoral administration of the immunologic adjuvant AS01 B in combination with autologous CD1c (BDCA-1) +/CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells plus ipilimumab and intravenous nivolumab in patients with refractory advanced melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008148. [PMID: 38212127 PMCID: PMC10806541 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced melanoma who progress after treatment with immune checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) and BRAF-/MEK-inhibitors (if BRAF V600 mutated) have no remaining effective treatment options. The presence of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ and CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment correlates with pre-existing immune recognition and responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. The synthetic saponin-based immune adjuvant AS01B enhances adaptive immunity through the involvement of myDC. METHODS In this first-in-human phase I clinical trial, patients with metastatic melanoma refractory to ICI and BRAF-/MEK inhibitors (when indicated) were recruited. Patients received an intravenous administration of low-dose nivolumab (10 mg, every 2 weeks) plus an intratumoral (IT) administration of 10 mg ipilimumab and 50 µg (0.5 mL) AS01B (every 2 weeks). All myDC, isolated from blood, were injected on day 2 into the same metastatic lesion. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected at baseline and repeatedly on treatment. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was performed on biopsy sections to characterize and quantify the IT and peritumoral immune cell composition. RESULTS Study treatment was feasible and well tolerated without the occurrence of unexpected adverse events in all eight patients. Four patients (50%) obtained a complete response (CR) in the injected lesions. Of these, two patients obtained an overall CR, and one patient a partial response. All responses are ongoing after more than 1 year of follow-up. One additional patient had a stable disease as best response. The disease control rate was 50%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 24.1 and 41.9 weeks, respectively. Baseline tumor biopsies from patients who responded to treatment had features of T-cell exclusion. During treatment, there was an increased T-cell infiltration, with a reduced mean distance between T cells and tumor cells. Peripheral blood immune cell composition did not significantly change during study treatment. CONCLUSIONS Combining an intratumoral injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ and CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDC with repeated IT administration of ipilimumab and AS01B and systemic low-dose nivolumab is safe, feasible with promising early results, worthy of further clinical investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03707808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xenia Geeraerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anais Boisson
- Molecular Immunology Unit (MIU), Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Latoya Stevens
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manon Vounckx
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Dirven
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Raeymaeckers
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Willard-Gallo
- Molecular Immunology Unit (MIU), Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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Workenhe ST, Inkol JM, Westerveld MJ, Verburg SG, Worfolk SM, Walsh SR, Kallio KL. Determinants for Antitumor and Protumor Effects of Programmed Cell Death. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:7-16. [PMID: 37902605 PMCID: PMC10762341 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic anticancer therapies activate programmed cell death in the context of underlying stress and inflammatory signaling to elicit the emission of danger signals, cytokines, and chemokines. In a concerted manner, these immunomodulatory secretomes stimulate antigen presentation and T cell-mediated anticancer immune responses. In some instances, cell death-associated secretomes attract immunosuppressive cells to promote tumor progression. As it stands, cancer cell death-induced changes in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to antitumor or protumor effects remain largely unknown. This is complicated to examine because cell death is often subverted by tumors to circumvent natural, and therapy-induced, immunosurveillance. Here, we provide insights into important but understudied aspects of assessing the contribution of cell death to tumor elimination or cancer progression, including the role of tumor-associated genetics, epigenetics, and oncogenic factors in subverting immunogenic cell death. This perspective will also provide insights on how future studies may address the complex antitumor and protumor immunologic effects of cell death, while accounting for variations in tumor genetics and underlying microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordon M. Inkol
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J. Westerveld
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shayla G. Verburg
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah M. Worfolk
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott R. Walsh
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaslyn L.F. Kallio
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Tseng LM, Huang CC, Tsai YF, Chen JL, Chao TC, Lai JI, Lien PJ, Lin YS, Feng CJ, Chen YJ, Chiu JH, Hsu CY, Liu CY. Correlation of an immune-related 8-gene panel with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancers. Transl Oncol 2023; 38:101782. [PMID: 37713974 PMCID: PMC10506137 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)-induced pathologic complete response (pCR) is associated with a favorable prognosis for breast cancer. Prior research links tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with breast cancer chemotherapy response, suggesting the tumor-immune microenvironment's role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune-related genes that exhibit associations with the response to NACT. In this study, we analyzed a total of 37 patients (aged 27-67) who received NACT as the first-line treatment for primary breast cancer, followed by surgery. This group consisted of nine patients (24.3 %) with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/HER2-negative status, ten patients (27.0 %) with ER-positive/HER2-positive status, five patients (13.5 %) with ER-negative/HER2-positive status, and thirteen patients (35.1 %) with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Among these patients, twelve (32.4 %) achieved a pCR, with eight (66.6 %) having HER2-positive tumors, and the remaining four having TNBC. To identify immune-related genes linked with pCR in subjects with breast cancer prior to NACT, we collected fresh tissues for next-generation sequencing. Patients with pCR had higher expressions of eight genes, KLRK1, IGJ, CD69, CD40LG, MS4A1, CD1C, KLRB1, and CA4, compared to non-pCR patients. The 8-gene signature was associated with good prognosis and linked to better relapse-free survival in patients receiving chemotherapy. The expression of these genes was involved in better drug response, displaying a positive correlation with the infiltration of immune cells. In conclusion, we have identified eight immune-related genes that are associated with a favorable prognosis and positive responses to drugs. This 8-gene signature could potentially provide prognostic insights for breast cancer patients undergoing NACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ming Tseng
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Tsai
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chung Chao
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-I Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center of Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Lien
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shu Lin
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Feng
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jen Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hwey Chiu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Hsu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhang H, Liu C, Zhai X, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Huang H, Ding M, Shi Q, Liu Y, Tang Y, Liu G, Wang H. Disfunction of communication among immune cells in minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma of the cervix as an immunotherapeutic opportunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110907. [PMID: 37683397 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) of the uterine cervix, also referred to as malignant adenoma, is a rare subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma that exhibits histological characteristics resembling those of benign tumors, resulting in a low diagnostic rate and a lack of effective treatment options. The transcriptomic features of MDA at the single-cell resolution and within the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain unclear. In this study, we conducted single-cell transcriptomic analyses of MDA samples (Ca) and adjacent normal tissues (PCa). The present study reveals the prevalence of dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells in the carcinoma (Ca) of mammary ductal adenocarcinoma (MDA), with DCs undergoing significant metabolic reprogramming and immune stress. Additionally, our findings demonstrate the crucial involvement of DCs and T cells in the pathogenesis and metastatic progression of MDA, as evidenced by single-cell transcriptomic profiling of MDA and HPV samples. This resource provides a more profound understanding of the indolent nature of MDA and may prove useful in the development of MDA immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhai
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Hu Huang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Mingde Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No.87, Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guanghai Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China.
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, No.87, Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Fu Y, Sun J, Wang Y, Li W. Glucose oxidase and metal catalysts combined tumor synergistic therapy: mechanism, advance and nanodelivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:400. [PMID: 37907972 PMCID: PMC10617118 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02158-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has always posed a significant threat to human health, prompting extensive research into new treatment strategies due to the limitations of traditional therapies. Starvation therapy (ST) has garnered considerable attention by targeting the primary energy source, glucose, utilized by cancer cells for proliferation. Glucose oxidase (GOx), a catalyst facilitating glucose consumption, has emerged as a critical therapeutic agent for ST. However, mono ST alone struggles to completely suppress tumor growth, necessitating the development of synergistic therapy approaches. Metal catalysts possess enzyme-like functions and can serve as carriers, capable of combining with GOx to achieve diverse tumor treatments. However, ensuring enzyme activity preservation in normal tissue and activation specifically within tumors presents a crucial challenge. Nanodelivery systems offer the potential to enhance therapy effectiveness by improving the stability of therapeutic agents and enabling controlled release. This review primarily focuses on recent advances in the mechanism of GOx combined with metal catalysts for synergistic tumor therapy. Furthermore, it discusses various nanoparticles (NPs) constructs designed for synergistic therapy in different carrier categories. Finally, this review provides a summary of GOx-metal catalyst-based NPs (G-M) and offers insights into the challenges associated with G-M therapy, delivery design, and oxygen (O2) supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jialin Sun
- Postdoctoral Research Station, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biological Science and Technology Department, Heilongjiang Minzu College, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Weinan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Matteucci L, Bittoni A, Gallo G, Ridolfi L, Passardi A. Immunocheckpoint Inhibitors in Microsatellite-Stable or Proficient Mismatch Repair Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Are We Entering a New Era? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5189. [PMID: 37958363 PMCID: PMC10648369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Europe. About 5% of metastatic CRC (mCRC) are characterized by high microsatellite instability (MSI) due to a deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR), and this condition has been related to a high sensitivity to immunotherapy, in particular to the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs). In fact, in MSI-H or dMMR mCRC, treatment with ICIs induced remarkable response rates and prolonged survival. However, the majority of mCRC cases are mismatch-repair-proficient (pMMR) and microsatellite-stable (MSS), and unfortunately these conditions involve resistance to ICIs. This review aims to provide an overview of the strategies implemented to overcome ICI resistance and/or define subgroups of patients with MSS or dMMR mCRC who may benefit from immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Matteucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bittoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Graziana Gallo
- Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda USL della Romagna, “Maurizio Bufalini” Hospital, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Laura Ridolfi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy
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9
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Khalil R, Green RJ, Sivakumar K, Varandani P, Bharadwaj S, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Withaferin A Increases the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Blocker for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3089. [PMID: 37370701 PMCID: PMC10295988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of late-stage lung cancers remains challenging with a five-year survival rate of 8%. Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by reactivating anti-tumor immunity. Despite achieving durable responses, ICBs are effective in only 20% of patients due to immune resistance. Therefore, synergistic combinatorial approaches that overcome immune resistance are currently under investigation. Herein, we studied the immunomodulatory role of Withaferin A (WFA)-a herbal compound-and its effectiveness in combination with an ICB for the treatment of NSCLC. Our in vitro results show that WFA induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) in NSCLC cell lines and increases expression of the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). The administration of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, abrogated WFA-induced ICD and PD-L1 upregulation, suggesting the involvement of ROS in this process. Further, we found that a combination of WFA and α-PD-L1 significantly reduced tumor growth in an immunocompetent tumor model. Our results showed that WFA increases CD-8 T-cells and reduces immunosuppressive cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment. Administration of NAC partially inhibited the anti-tumor response of the combination regimen. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that WFA sensitizes NSCLC to α-PD-L1 in part via activation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roukiah Khalil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ryan J. Green
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kavya Sivakumar
- Taneja School of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Payal Varandani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Srinivas Bharadwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Shyam S. Mohapatra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Taneja School of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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10
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Zhao Z, Liu S, Sun R, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Liu T, Li T, Jiang N, Guo H, Yang R. The combination of oxaliplatin and anti-PD-1 inhibitor promotes immune cells infiltration and enhances anti-tumor effect of PD-1 blockade in bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1085476. [PMID: 36960067 PMCID: PMC10027707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1085476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a highly malignant tumor of the urinary system, but the prognosis and survival rates have little improvement based on current therapeutic strategy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy revolutionized the treatment of BLCA, but the clinical application of ICIs is limited by low response rate. Oxaliplatin (OXP), a second line chemotherapy drug for BLCA, may reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) via recruiting immune cells. Here, we conducted the study of oxaliplatin combined with anti-PD-1 inhibitor in BLCA mice models. Methods The 6-8 weeks old female C57BL/6J mice were used to establish subcutaneous model of bladder tumor. After tumors developed, mice were given tail vein injections of PBS or oxaliplatin (2.5 mg/kg) and/or anti-PD-1 antibody (10 mg/kg). Tumor tissue samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were collected to systemically evaluate the efficiency and safety of combination OXP and anti-PD-1 inhibitor. The change of immune cells populations and the corresponding phenotypic diversity in TIME and PBMC were analysed by flow cytometry. Results Tumor growth experiments clarified that the combination therapy was more efficient than medication alone. Flow cytometry analysis of tumor samples showed significant differences between untreated and treated mice. Oxaliplatin influences the TIME by increasing immune cells infiltration, including CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells (DC cells) and natural killer cells (NK cells). As for infiltrating cells, oxaliplatin upregulated the expression of CD134 and downregulated TIM-3 of CD4+ T cells, downregulated the PD-L1 expression of DC cells, which contributed to improve the anti-tumor effect and the treatment response of ICIs. Additionally, the evaluation of PBMC found that there were no significant changes in immune cell subsets and phenotypes, which validated the safety of the combination therapy. These results show the therapeutic potential for the combination of OXP and anti-PD-1 inhibitor in BLCA. Conclusion OXP could increase the infiltration of immune cells in TIME to promote the anti-tumor activity of anti-PD-1 inhibitor. The present research provided an appropriate rationale of combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy therapy for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianhang Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongqian Guo, ; Rong Yang,
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongqian Guo, ; Rong Yang,
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11
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Sakref C, Bendriss-Vermare N, Valladeau-Guilemond J. Phenotypes and Functions of Human Dendritic Cell Subsets in the Tumor Microenvironment. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2618:17-35. [PMID: 36905506 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2938-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the antitumor immunity, as they are at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. This important task can only be performed thanks to the broad range of mechanisms that DCs can perform to activate other immune cells. As DCs are well known for their outstanding capacity to prime and activate T cells through antigen presentation, DCs were intensively investigated during the past decades. Numerous studies have identified new DC subsets, leading to a large variety of subsets commonly separated into cDC1, cDC2, pDCs, mature DCs, Langerhans cells, monocyte-derived DCs, Axl-DCs, and several other subsets. Here, we review the specific phenotypes, functions, and localization within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of human DC subsets thanks to flow cytometry and immunofluorescence but also with the help of high-output technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing and imaging mass cytometry (IMC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Sakref
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunothérapie des Cancers de Lyon (LICL), Lyon, France
| | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.
- LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France.
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12
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Sizova O, John LS, Ma Q, Molldrem JJ. Multi-faceted role of LRP1 in the immune system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166189. [PMID: 37020553 PMCID: PMC10069629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) represents the major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT). GVHD-prone patients rely on GVHD prophylaxis (e.g. methotrexate) and generalized anti-GVHD medical regimen (glucocorticoids). New anti-GVHD therapy strategies are being constantly explored, however there is an urgent need to improve current treatment, since GVHD-related mortality reaches 22% within 5 years in patients with chronic GVHD. This review is an attempt to describe a very well-known receptor in lipoprotein studies - the low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) - in a new light, as a potential therapeutic target for GVHD prevention and treatment. Our preliminary studies demonstrated that LRP1 deletion in donor murine T cells results in significantly lower GVHD-related mortality in recipient mice with MHC (major histocompatibility complex) -mismatched HSCT. Given the importance of T cells in the development of GVHD, there is a significant gap in scientific literature regarding LRP1's role in T cell biology. Furthermore, there is limited research interest and publications on this classical receptor molecule in other immune cell types. Herein, we endeavor to summarize existing knowledge about LRP1's role in various immune cells to demonstrate the possibility of this receptor to serve as a novel target for anti-GVHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sizova
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lisa St. John
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Molldrem
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- ECLIPSE, Therapeutic Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey J. Molldrem,
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13
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Leukocyte CH25H is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22201. [PMID: 36564433 PMCID: PMC9789102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, a major challenge during the treatment of lung cancer, causes deterioration in patient health outcomes. Thus, to address this problem, this study aimed to explore the role and contribution of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase (CH25H) as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in lung cancer. Online public databases were used to analyze the expression level, prognostic value, gene-pathway enrichment, and immune infiltration of CH25H in lung cancer patients. The Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze and detect the CH25H expression levels in leukocytes from lung cancer patients. The expression level of CH25H was significantly reduced in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which is associated with a higher disease stage, but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that LUAD patients with low CH25H expression had a worse prognosis. Mechanistically, our results showed that in LUAD, CH25H may be a regulatory factor affecting the immune cell infiltration level, and the resultant tumor development. Experimental data showed that low expression of CH25H in leukocytes was significantly associated with LUAD metastasis (P < 0.01). Our study suggests that CH25H may function as a prognostic and risk stratification biomarker for LUAD.
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14
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Murgaski A, Kiss M, Van Damme H, Kancheva D, Vanmeerbeek I, Keirsse J, Hadadi E, Brughmans J, Arnouk SM, Hamouda AE, Debraekeleer A, Bosteels V, Elkrim Y, Boon L, Hoves S, Vandamme N, Deschoemaeker S, Janssens S, Garg AD, Vande Velde G, Schmittnaegel M, Ries CH, Laoui D. Efficacy of CD40 Agonists Is Mediated by Distinct cDC Subsets and Subverted by Suppressive Macrophages. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3785-3801. [PMID: 35979635 PMCID: PMC9574379 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Agonistic αCD40 therapy has been shown to inhibit cancer progression in only a fraction of patients. Understanding the cancer cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental determinants of αCD40 therapy response is therefore crucial to identify responsive patient populations and to design efficient combinatorial treatments. Here, we show that the therapeutic efficacy of αCD40 in subcutaneous melanoma relies on preexisting, type 1 classical dendritic cell (cDC1)-primed CD8+ T cells. However, after administration of αCD40, cDC1s were dispensable for antitumor efficacy. Instead, the abundance of activated cDCs, potentially derived from cDC2 cells, increased and further activated antitumor CD8+ T cells. Hence, distinct cDC subsets contributed to the induction of αCD40 responses. In contrast, lung carcinomas, characterized by a high abundance of macrophages, were resistant to αCD40 therapy. Combining αCD40 therapy with macrophage depletion led to tumor growth inhibition only in the presence of strong neoantigens. Accordingly, treatment with immunogenic cell death-inducing chemotherapy sensitized lung tumors to αCD40 therapy in subcutaneous and orthotopic settings. These insights into the microenvironmental regulators of response to αCD40 suggest that different tumor types would benefit from different combinations of therapies to optimize the clinical application of CD40 agonists. SIGNIFICANCE This work highlights the temporal roles of different dendritic cell subsets in promoting CD8+ T-cell-driven responses to CD40 agonist therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Murgaski
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Máté Kiss
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daliya Kancheva
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeek
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jiri Keirsse
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva Hadadi
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Brughmans
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sana M. Arnouk
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmed E.I. Hamouda
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayla Debraekeleer
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Victor Bosteels
- Laboratory for ER stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvon Elkrim
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Sabine Hoves
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Deschoemaeker
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory for ER stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D. Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martina Schmittnaegel
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Carola H. Ries
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Discovery Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Corresponding Author: Damya Laoui, Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. E-mail:
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15
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Schwarze JK, Tijtgat J, Awada G, Cras L, Vasaturo A, Bagnall C, Forsyth R, Dufait I, Tuyaerts S, Van Riet I, Neyns B. Intratumoral administration of CD1c (BDCA-1) + and CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells in combination with talimogene laherparepvec in immune checkpoint blockade refractory advanced melanoma patients: a phase I clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005141. [PMID: 36113895 PMCID: PMC9486335 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumoral (IT) myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) play a pivotal role in initiating antitumor immune responses and relicensing of anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) induces immunogenic cell death, thereby providing maturation signals and enhancing the release of tumor antigens that can be captured and processed by CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs, in order to reinvigorate the cancer-immunity cycle. METHODS In this phase I trial, patients with advanced melanoma who failed standard therapy were eligible for IT injections of ≥1 non-visceral metastases with T-VEC on day 1 followed by IT injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs on day 2. T-VEC injections were repeated on day 21 and every 14 days thereafter. The number of IT administered CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs was escalated from 0.5×106, to 1×106, to a maximum of 10×106 cells in three sequential cohorts. In cohort 4, all isolated CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs were used for IT injection. Primary objectives were safety and feasibility. Repetitive biopsies of treated lesions were performed. RESULTS In total, 13 patients were enrolled (cohort 1 n=2; cohort 2 n=2; cohort 3 n=3; cohort 4 n=6). Patients received a median of 6 (range 3-8) T-VEC injections. The treatment was safe with most frequent adverse events being fatigue (n=11 (85%)), fever (n=8 (62%)), and chills/influenza-like symptoms (n=6 (46%)). Nine (69%) and four patients (31%), respectively, experienced pain or redness at the injection-site. Clinical responses were documented in injected and non-injected lesions. Two patients (cohort 3) who previously progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy (and one patient also on anti-CTLA-4 therapy) developed a durable, pathologically confirmed complete response that is ongoing at 33 and 35 months following initiation of study treatment. One additional patient treated (cohort 4) had an unconfirmed partial response as best response; two additional patients had a mixed response (with durable complete responses of some injected and non-injected lesions). On-treatment biopsies revealed a strong infiltration by inflammatory cells in regressing lesions. CONCLUSIONS IT coinjection of autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+ +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs with T-VEC is feasible, tolerable and resulted in encouraging early signs of antitumor activity in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory melanoma patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03747744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gil Awada
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louise Cras
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Laureano RS, Sprooten J, Vanmeerbeerk I, Borras DM, Govaerts J, Naulaerts S, Berneman ZN, Beuselinck B, Bol KF, Borst J, Coosemans A, Datsi A, Fučíková J, Kinget L, Neyns B, Schreibelt G, Smits E, Sorg RV, Spisek R, Thielemans K, Tuyaerts S, De Vleeschouwer S, de Vries IJM, Xiao Y, Garg AD. Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2096363. [PMID: 35800158 PMCID: PMC9255073 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2096363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination for cancer treatment has seen considerable development over recent decades. However, this field is currently in a state of flux toward niche-applications, owing to recent paradigm-shifts in immuno-oncology mobilized by T cell-targeting immunotherapies. DC vaccines are typically generated using autologous (patient-derived) DCs exposed to tumor-associated or -specific antigens (TAAs or TSAs), in the presence of immunostimulatory molecules to induce DC maturation, followed by reinfusion into patients. Accordingly, DC vaccines can induce TAA/TSA-specific CD8+/CD4+ T cell responses. Yet, DC vaccination still shows suboptimal anti-tumor efficacy in the clinic. Extensive efforts are ongoing to improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of DC vaccines, often by employing combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy regimens. In this Trial Watch, we summarize the recent preclinical and clinical developments in this field and discuss the ongoing trends and future perspectives of DC-based immunotherapy for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Laureano
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenny Sprooten
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeerk
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Borras
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Department of Haematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - an Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, Ku Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jitka Fučíková
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Kinget
- Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rüdiger V Sorg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven De Vleeschouwer
- Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Kalus P, De Munck J, Vanbellingen S, Carreer L, Laeremans T, Broos K, Dufait I, Schwarze JK, Van Riet I, Neyns B, Breckpot K, Aerts JL. Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Induces Immunogenic Cell Death Resulting in Maturation of BDCA-1 + Myeloid Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094865. [PMID: 35563257 PMCID: PMC9103433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a paradigm shift has been established for oncolytic viruses (OVs) as it was shown that the immune system plays an important role in the specific killing of tumor cells by OVs. OVs have the intrinsic capacity to provide the right signals to trigger anti-tumor immune responses, on the one hand by delivering virus-derived innate signals and on the other hand by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is accompanied by the release of various damage-associated molecules from infected tumor cells. Here, we determined the ICD-inducing capacity of Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), a herpes simplex virus type 1 based OV, and benchmarked this to other previously described ICD (e.g., doxorubicin) and non-ICD inducing agents (cisplatin). Furthermore, we studied the capability of T-VEC to induce the maturation of human BDCA-1+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs). We found that T-VEC treatment exerts direct and indirect anti-tumor effects as it induces tumor cell death that coincides with the release of hallmark mediators of ICD, while simultaneously contributing to the maturation of BDCA-1+ myDCs. These results unequivocally cement OVs in the category of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kalus
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Jolien De Munck
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Sarah Vanbellingen
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Laura Carreer
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Thessa Laeremans
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Katrijn Broos
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (K.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Supportive Care and Physics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Julia K. Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (J.K.S.); (B.N.)
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Departement of Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (J.K.S.); (B.N.)
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (K.B.); (K.B.)
| | - Joeri L. Aerts
- Laboratory for Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium; (P.K.); (J.D.M.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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The Role of Type-2 Conventional Dendritic Cells in the Regulation of Tumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081976. [PMID: 35454882 PMCID: PMC9028336 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent studies revealed that type-2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) play an important role in antitumor immunity by promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses and helper T-cell differentiation. This review outlines the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity and summarizes the latest progress regarding their potential in cancer vaccination and cDC2-targeted cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) orchestrate immune responses to cancer and comprise two major subsets: type-1 cDCs (cDC1s) and type-2 cDCs (cDC2s). Compared with cDC1s, which are dedicated to the activation of CD8+ T cells, cDC2s are ontogenically and functionally heterogeneous, with their main function being the presentation of exogenous antigens to CD4+ T cells for the initiation of T helper cell differentiation. cDC1s play an important role in tumor-specific immune responses through cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigens for the priming of CD8+ T cells, whereas little is known of the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity. Recent studies have indicated that human cDC2s can be divided into at least two subsets and have implicated these cells in both anti- and pro-tumoral immune responses. Furthermore, the efficacy of cDC2-based vaccines as well as cDC2-targeted therapeutics has been demonstrated in both mouse models and human patients. Here we summarize current knowledge about the role of cDC2s in tumor immunity and address whether these cells are beneficial in the context of antitumor immune responses.
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19
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Matsusaka K, Azuma Y, Kaga Y, Uchida S, Takebayashi Y, Tsuyama T, Tada S. Distinct roles in phagocytosis of the early and late increases of cell surface calreticulin induced by oxaliplatin. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 29:101222. [PMID: 35146135 PMCID: PMC8818541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT), a chaperone typically located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is known to translocate to the cell surface in response to anticancer drugs. Cell surface CRT (ecto-CRT) on apoptotic or pre-apoptotic cells serves as an “eat me” signal that can promote phagocytosis. In this study, we observed the biphasic (early transient and late sustained) increase of ecto-CRT on HT-29 cells after treatment with oxaliplatin (L-OHP). To investigate the role of ecto-CRT that accumulates in the early and late phases as “eat me” signals, we examined the phagocytosis of HT-29 cells by macrophage-like cells and dendritic cell (DC) -like cells prepared from THP-1 cells. The results indicated that the early ecto-CRT-expressed cells were phagocytosed by immature DC-like cells, and the late ecto-CRT-expressed cells were phagocytosed primarily by macrophage-like cells, while mature DC-like cells did not respond to the either class of ecto-CRT-expressed cells. Both types of phagocytotic events were inhibited by CRT Blocking Peptide, suggesting that such events depended on the ecto-CRT. Our results suggested that the early increase of ecto-CRT is related to phagocytosis as part of immunogenic cell death (ICD), while the late increase of ecto-CRT is related to the removal of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Oxaliplatin induced the early transient and late sustained increases of ecto-CRT. The early ecto-CRT-expressed cells were phagocytosed by immature DC-like cells. The late ecto-CRT-expressed cells were phagocytosed by macrophage-like cells. The early and late increases in ecto-CRT may play distinct roles in phagocytosis.
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20
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Plesca I, Müller L, Böttcher JP, Medyouf H, Wehner R, Schmitz M. Tumor-associated human dendritic cell subsets: phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1750-1758. [PMID: 35106759 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. Activated DCs can produce large amounts of various proinflammatory cytokines, initiate T cell responses, and exhibit direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. They also efficiently enhance the antitumoral properties of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes. Based on these capabilities, immunogenic DCs promote tumor elimination and are associated with improved survival of patients. Furthermore, they can essentially contribute to the clinical efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients. However, depending on their intrinsic properties and the tumor microenvironment, DCs can be rendered dysfunctional and mediate tolerance by producing immunosuppressive cytokines and activating regulatory T cells. Such tolerogenic DCs can foster tumor progression and are linked to poor prognosis of patients. Here, we focus on recent studies exploring the phenotype, functional orientation, and clinical relevance of tumor-infiltrating conventional DC1, conventional DC2, plasmacytoid DCs, and monocyte-derived DCs in translational and clinical settings. In addition, recent findings demonstrating the influence of DCs on the efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies are summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Plesca
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Müller
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan P Böttcher
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Hind Medyouf
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Yuan P, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Gui L, Ma B. Dendritic cell-targeting chemokines inhibit colorectal cancer progression. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:828-840. [PMID: 36654820 PMCID: PMC9834269 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy has shown its promise and prompted researchers to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells crucial for initiating adaptive anti-tumor immunity, therefore a promising target for cancer treatment. Here, anti-tumor activities of DC-targeting chemokines were explored in murine colorectal tumor models. Methods The correlation of chemokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression with DC markers was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Murine colorectal tumor cell lines (CT26 and MC38) stably overexpressing mouse C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), CCL19, CCL21, and X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (XCL1) were established by lentiviral transduction. The effect of chemokines on tumor cell proliferation/survival was evaluated in vitro by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. Syngeneic subcutaneous tumor models were used to study the effects of these chemokines on tumor growth. Ki-67 expression in tumors was examined by immunohistochemistry. Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Expression of the four chemokines was positively correlated with the two DC markers [integrin alpha X (ITGAX) and CLEC9A] in human colorectal tumor samples. Tumoral overexpression of DC-targeting chemokines had little or no effect on tumor cell proliferation/survival in vitro while significantly suppressing tumor growth in vivo. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis showed that CCL19, CCL21, and XCL1 boosted the ratios of DCs and T cells in CD45+ leukocytes while CCL3 increased the percentage of CD45+ leukocytes in total cells in MC38 tumor. XCL1 had an additional positive effect on antigen uptake by DCs in the TME and antigen transfer to tumor-draining lymph nodes. Conclusions CCL3, CCL19, CCL21, and XCL1 exhibited potent anti-tumor activities in vivo, although they might differentially regulate immune cells in the TME and antigen transfer to lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkun Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China,Zhejiang University–University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyi Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhixue Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Liming Gui
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China,Correspondence: Bin Ma, School of Biomedical Engineering Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 3 Teaching Building, 1954 Huashan RD, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200030, China.
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22
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Li J, Chen J, Bai H, Wang H, Hao S, Ding Y, Peng B, Zhang J, Li L, Huang W. An Overview of Organs-on-Chips Based on Deep Learning. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9869518. [PMID: 35136860 PMCID: PMC8795883 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9869518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic-based organs-on-chips (OoCs) are a rapidly developing technology in biomedical and chemical research and have emerged as one of the most advanced and promising in vitro models. The miniaturization, stimulated tissue mechanical forces, and microenvironment of OoCs offer unique properties for biomedical applications. However, the large amount of data generated by the high parallelization of OoC systems has grown far beyond the scope of manual analysis by researchers with biomedical backgrounds. Deep learning, an emerging area of research in the field of machine learning, can automatically mine the inherent characteristics and laws of "big data" and has achieved remarkable applications in computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. The integration of deep learning in OoCs is an emerging field that holds enormous potential for drug development, disease modeling, and personalized medicine. This review briefly describes the basic concepts and mechanisms of microfluidics and deep learning and summarizes their successful integration. We then analyze the combination of OoCs and deep learning for image digitization, data analysis, and automation. Finally, the problems faced in current applications are discussed, and future perspectives and suggestions are provided to further strengthen this integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
- 38th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shiping Hao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
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23
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Phongpreecha T, Gajera CR, Liu CC, Vijayaragavan K, Chang AL, Becker M, Fallahzadeh R, Fernandez R, Postupna N, Sherfield E, Tebaykin D, Latimer C, Shively CA, Register TC, Craft S, Montine KS, Fox EJ, Poston KL, Keene CD, Angelo M, Bendall SC, Aghaeepour N, Montine TJ. Single-synapse analyses of Alzheimer's disease implicate pathologic tau, DJ1, CD47, and ApoE. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabk0473. [PMID: 34910503 PMCID: PMC8673771 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic molecular characterization is limited for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our newly invented mass cytometry–based method, synaptometry by time of flight (SynTOF), was used to measure 38 antibody probes in approximately 17 million single-synapse events from human brains without pathologic change or with pure AD or Lewy body disease (LBD), nonhuman primates (NHPs), and PS/APP mice. Synaptic molecular integrity in humans and NHP was similar. Although not detected in human synapses, Aβ was in PS/APP mice single-synapse events. Clustering and pattern identification of human synapses showed expected disease-specific differences, like increased hippocampal pathologic tau in AD and reduced caudate dopamine transporter in LBD, and revealed previously unidentified findings including increased hippocampal CD47 and lowered DJ1 in AD and higher ApoE in AD with dementia. Our results were independently supported by multiplex ion beam imaging of intact tissue. This highlights the higher depth and breadth of insight on neurodegenerative diseases obtainable through SynTOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaphong Phongpreecha
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Candace C. Liu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Alan L. Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin Becker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramin Fallahzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Nadia Postupna
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily Sherfield
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dmitry Tebaykin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caitlin Latimer
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carol A. Shively
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Internal Medicine–Geriatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Edward J. Fox
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Poston
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C. Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Angelo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean C. Bendall
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Montine
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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24
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Baraibar I, Mirallas O, Saoudi N, Ros J, Salvà F, Tabernero J, Élez E. Combined Treatment with Immunotherapy-Based Strategies for MSS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6311. [PMID: 34944931 PMCID: PMC8699573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, deepening knowledge of the complex interactions between the immune system and cancer cells has led to the advent of effective immunotherapies that have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm of several cancer types. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the tumor types in which immunotherapy has proven less effective. While there is solid clinical evidence for the therapeutic role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) and in highly microsatellite instable (MSI-H) metastatic CRC (mCRC), blockade of CTLA-4 or PD-L1/PD-1 as monotherapy has not conferred any major clinical benefit to patients with MMR-proficient (pMMR) or microsatellite stable (MSS) mCRC, reflecting 95% of the CRC population. There thus remains a high unmet medical need for the development of novel immunotherapy approaches for the vast majority of patients with pMMR or MSS/MSI-low (MSI-L) mCRC. Defining the molecular mechanisms for immunogenicity in mCRC and mediating immune resistance in MSS mCRC is needed to develop predictive biomarkers and effective therapeutic combination strategies. Here we review available clinical data from combinatorial therapeutic approaches using immunotherapy-based strategies for MSS mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosune Baraibar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Mirallas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
| | - Nadia Saoudi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Ros
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Salvà
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Élez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (O.M.); (N.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (J.T.); (E.É.)
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Tijtgat J, De Munck J, Dufait I, Schwarze JK, Van Riet I, Franceschini L, Breckpot K, Aerts JL, Neyns B, Tuyaerts S. Unraveling the Effects of a Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC)-Induced Tumor Oncolysate on Myeloid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733506. [PMID: 34777344 PMCID: PMC8581672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
T-VEC, a HSV-1 derived oncolytic virus, is approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma. The mechanisms that underly the systemic anti-tumor effect that is seen following intratumoral injection have not yet been studied but are likely to be mediated by myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) that initiate an adaptive immune response. In this study we could demonstrate that T-VEC is non-toxic for human myDC. T-VEC and a T-VEC oncolysate of melanoma cell lines were able to mature human myDC. myDC were able to take up lysed melanoma cells and cross-present melanoma-derived tumor antigens to antigen-specific T cells. Our results support the possible role of myDC as mediators of an adaptive anti-tumor effect and intratumoral co-administration of T-VEC plus autologous myDC could be a complementary treatment option. A clinical trial that investigates this hypothesis is currently ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Munck
- Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy/Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Supportive Care and Physics (TROP), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)/Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Franceschini
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy (LMCT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri L Aerts
- Neuro-Aging and Viro-Immunotherapy (NAVI) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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Garofalo C, De Marco C, Cristiani CM. NK Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment as New Potential Players Mediating Chemotherapy Effects in Metastatic Melanoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754541. [PMID: 34712615 PMCID: PMC8547654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until the last decade, chemotherapy was the standard treatment for metastatic cutaneous melanoma, even with poor results. The introduction of immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) radically changed the outcome, increasing 5-year survival from 5% to 60%. However, there is still a large portion of unresponsive patients that would need further therapies. NK cells are skin-resident innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize and kill virus-infected as well as cancer cells thanks to a balance between inhibitory and activating signals delivered by surface molecules expressed by the target. Since NK cells are equipped with cytotoxic machinery but lack of antigen restriction and needing to be primed, they are nowadays gaining attention as an alternative to T cells to be exploited in immunotherapy. However, their usage suffers of the same limitations reported for T cells, that is the loss of immunogenicity by target cells and the difficulty to penetrate and be activated in the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Several evidence showed that chemotherapy used in metastatic melanoma therapy possess immunomodulatory properties that may restore NK cells functions within TME. Here, we will discuss the capability of such chemotherapeutics to: i) up-regulate melanoma cells susceptibility to NK cell-mediated killing, ii) promote NK cells infiltration within TME, iii) target other immune cell subsets that affect NK cells activities. Alongside traditional systemic melanoma chemotherapy, a new pharmacological strategy based on nanocarriers loaded with chemotherapeutics is developing. The use of nanotechnologies represents a very promising approach to improve drug tolerability and effectiveness thanks to the targeted delivery of the therapeutic molecules. Here, we will also discuss the recent developments in using nanocarriers to deliver anti-cancer drugs within the melanoma microenvironment in order to improve chemotherapeutics effects. Overall, we highlight the possibility to use standard chemotherapeutics, possibly delivered by nanosystems, to enhance NK cells anti-tumor cytotoxicity. Combined with immunotherapies targeting NK cells, this may represent a valuable alternative approach to treat those patients that do not respond to current ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Garofalo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Costanza Maria Cristiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Robinson S, Thomas R. Potential for Antigen-Specific Tolerizing Immunotherapy in Systematic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:654701. [PMID: 34335564 PMCID: PMC8322693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.654701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic complex systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple autoantibodies and clinical manifestations, with the potential to affect nearly every organ. SLE treatments, including corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, have greatly increased survival rates, but there is no curative therapy and SLE management is limited by drug complications and toxicities. There is an obvious clinical need for safe, effective SLE treatments. A promising treatment avenue is to restore immunological tolerance to reduce inflammatory clinical manifestations of SLE. Indeed, recent clinical trials of low-dose IL-2 supplementation in SLE patients showed that in vivo expansion of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) is associated with dramatic but transient improvement in SLE disease markers and clinical manifestations. However, the Treg cells that expanded were short-lived and unstable. Alternatively, antigen-specific tolerance (ASIT) approaches that establish long-lived immunological tolerance could be deployed in the context of SLE. In this review, we discuss the potential benefits and challenges of nanoparticle ASIT approaches to induce prolonged immunological tolerance in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Robinson
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Hong H, Wang X, Song X, Fawal GE, Wang K, Jiang D, Pei Y, Wang Z, Wang H. Transdermal delivery of interleukin-12 gene targeting dendritic cells enhances the anti-tumour effect of programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:151-164. [PMID: 35836967 PMCID: PMC9255785 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that the anti-tumour effect of the programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody (aPD-1) depends on the expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by dendritic cells (DCs). Since DCs are abundant in skin tissues, transdermal delivery of IL-12 targeting DCs may significantly improve the anti-tumour effect of aPD-1. In this study, a novel mannosylated chitosan (MC)-modified ethosome (Eth-MC) was obtained through electrostatic adsorption. The Eth-MC loaded with plasmid containing the IL-12 gene (pIL-12@Eth-MC) stimulated DCs to express mature-related molecular markers such as CD86, CD80, and major histocompatibility complex-II in a targeted manner. The pIL-12@Eth-MC was then mixed with polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution to make microspheres using the electrospray technique, and sprayed onto the surface of electrospun silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol nanofibres to obtain a PVP-pIL-12@Eth-MC/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibrous patch (termed a transcutaneous immunization (TCI) patch). The TCI patch showed a good performance on transdermal drug release. Animal experiments on melanoma-bearing mice showed that topical application of the TCI patches promoted the expression of IL-12 and inhibited the growth of tumour. Furthermore, combined application of the TCI patch and aPD-1 showed a stronger anti-tumour effect than aPD-1 monotherapy. The combination therapy significantly promoted the expression of IL-12, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α, the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into tumour tissues, and thus promoted the apoptosis of tumour cells. The present study provides a convenient and non-invasive strategy for improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Donghua University (approval No. DHUEC-NSFC-2020-11) on March 31, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huoyan Hong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gomaa El Fawal
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China,Department of Polymer Materials Research, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, Scientific Research and Technological Applications City (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Kaili Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Jiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Pei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China,Corresponding author: Hongsheng Wang,
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van der Hoorn IAE, Flórez-Grau G, van den Heuvel MM, de Vries IJM, Piet B. Recent Advances and Future Perspective of DC-Based Therapy in NSCLC. Front Immunol 2021; 12:704776. [PMID: 34262573 PMCID: PMC8273436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.704776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is suboptimal since therapy is only effective in a minority of patients and does not always induce a long-lasting response. This highlights the importance of exploring new treatment options. The clinical success of immunotherapy relies on the ability of the immune system to mount an adequate anti-tumor response. The activation of cytotoxic T cells, the effector immune cells responsible for tumor cell killing, is of paramount importance for the immunotherapy success. These cytotoxic T cells are primarily instructed by dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are capable of orchestrating a strong anti-cancer immune response. DC function is often suppressed in NSCLC. Therefore, resurrection of DC function is an interesting approach to enhance anti-cancer immune response. Recent data from DC-based treatment studies has given rise to the impression that DC-based treatment cannot induce clinical benefit in NSCLC by itself. However, these are all early-phase studies that were mainly designed to study safety and were not powered to study clinical benefit. The fact that these studies do show that DC-based therapies were well-tolerated and could induce the desired immune responses, indicates that DC-based therapy is still a promising option. Especially combination with other treatment modalities might enhance immunological response and clinical outcome. In this review, we will identify the possibilities from current DC-based treatment trials that could open up new venues to improve future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A E van der Hoorn
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Georgina Flórez-Grau
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Berber Piet
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Nishimura J, Deguchi S, Tanaka H, Yamakoshi Y, Yoshii M, Tamura T, Toyokawa T, Lee S, Muguruma K, Ohira M. Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin. In Vivo 2021; 35:743-752. [PMID: 33622867 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using 5-FU (5-fluorouracil)/CDDP (cisplatin) is a standard therapy for stage II/III thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Japan. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 5-FU/CDDP could induce immunogenic cell death in ESCC cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor samples for immunohistochemistry were obtained from 50 patients (mean age=63.1 years) with pathological stage 0-IVa ESCC who underwent NAC followed by surgery. Cell lines T.T and KYSE30 were used for the in vitro experiments. RESULTS The concentrations of HMGB1 were elevated in the cell line supernatants treated with 5-FU/CDDP. 5-FU/CDDP treated dendritic cells (DCs) showed a mature phenotype, and enhanced T cell proliferation capacity. In addition, mature DCs were observed in surgical specimens with a histological response after treatment with 5-FU/CDDP chemotherapy. CONCLUSION 5-FU/CDDP could induce immunogenic cell death in the tumor microenvironment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sota Deguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Yamakoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Lee
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muguruma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Significant difference in response of malignant tumor cells of individual patients to photodynamic treatment as revealed by digital holographic microscopy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 221:112235. [PMID: 34126589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of in-vitro response of cell cultures derived from tumor material of individual patients with similar tumor localizations to photodynamic treatment is presented. Tumor types included in the research were renal cell carcinoma, melanoma and alveolar, synovial, lypo- and osteo- sarcomas. Long-term observations of treatment-induced morphological changes in cells were performed by means of digital holographic microscopy. A substantial variance in response of cells of individual patients with similar tumor types and localizations to photodynamic treatment with the same dose has been observed. These peculiarities are indicative of the demand to personalized protocols of photodynamic treatment. The elevated resistance of cells of some patients to treatment at high doses highlights potential limitations of photodynamic therapy for some patients. Digital holographic microscopy is shown to be an informative label-free noninvasive tool allowing for long-term monitoring of cell samples in vitro and providing quantitative information on necrosis rate and loss of cellular dry mass. The developed methodology can be generalized for analysis of cellular response to various therapies.
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Kielbik M, Szulc-Kielbik I, Klink M. Calreticulin-Multifunctional Chaperone in Immunogenic Cell Death: Potential Significance as a Prognostic Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer Patients. Cells 2021; 10:130. [PMID: 33440842 PMCID: PMC7827772 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of death, which has the hallmarks of necroptosis and apoptosis, and is best characterized in malignant diseases. Chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy induce intracellular stress response pathways in tumor cells, leading to a secretion of various factors belonging to a family of damage-associated molecular patterns molecules, capable of inducing the adaptive immune response. One of them is calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-associated chaperone. Its presence on the surface of dying tumor cells serves as an "eat me" signal for antigen presenting cells (APC). Engulfment of tumor cells by APCs results in the presentation of tumor's antigens to cytotoxic T-cells and production of cytokines/chemokines, which activate immune cells responsible for tumor cells killing. Thus, the development of ICD and the expression of CRT can help standard therapy to eradicate tumor cells. Here, we review the physiological functions of CRT and its involvement in the ICD appearance in malignant disease. Moreover, we also focus on the ability of various anti-cancer drugs to induce expression of surface CRT on ovarian cancer cells. The second aim of this work is to discuss and summarize the prognostic/predictive value of CRT in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kielbik
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232 Lodz, Poland; (I.S.-K.); (M.K.)
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Schwarze JK, Awada G, Cras L, Tijtgat J, Forsyth R, Dufait I, Tuyaerts S, Van Riet I, Neyns B. Intratumoral Combinatorial Administration of CD1c (BDCA-1) + Myeloid Dendritic Cells Plus Ipilimumab and Avelumab in Combination with Intravenous Low-Dose Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: A Phase IB Clinical Trial. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040670. [PMID: 33182610 PMCID: PMC7712037 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral (IT) myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) play a pivotal role in re-licensing antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. IT injection of the IgG1 monoclonal antibodies ipilimumab and avelumab may induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, thereby enhancing the release of tumor antigens that can be captured and processed by CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs. Patients with advanced solid tumors after standard care were eligible for IT injections of ≥1 lesion with ipilimumab (10 mg) and avelumab (40 mg) and intravenous (IV) nivolumab (10 mg) on day 1, followed by IT injection of autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs on day 2. IT/IV administration of ipilimumab, avelumab, and nivolumab was repeated bi-weekly. Primary objectives were safety and feasibility. Nine patients were treated with a median of 21 × 106 CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs, and a median of 4 IT/IV administrations of ipilimumab, avelumab, and nivolumab. The treatment was safe with mainly injection-site reactions, but also immune-related pneumonitis (n = 2), colitis (n = 1), and bullous pemphigoid (n = 1). The best response was a durable partial response in a patient with stage IV melanoma who previously progressed on checkpoint inhibitors. Our combinatorial therapeutic approach, including IT injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs, is feasible and safe, and it resulted in encouraging signs of antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-477-64-15
| | - Gil Awada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Louise Cras
- Department of Anatomopathology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (L.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Anatomopathology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (L.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (G.A.); (J.T.); (I.D.); (S.T.); (B.N.)
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Garg AD, Agostinis P. Diversifying the platinum-based chemotherapy toolkit for immunogenic cancer cell death. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3352-3353. [PMID: 32934778 PMCID: PMC7486694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Powerski M, Drewes R, Omari J, Relja B, Surov A, Pech M. Intra-hepatic Abscopal Effect Following Radioembolization of Hepatic Metastases. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020; 43:1641-1649. [PMID: 32808201 PMCID: PMC7591411 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-020-02612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To search for abscopal effects (AE) distant to the site of radiation after sequential Yittrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization (RE) of liver malignancies. Methods and Materials In this retrospective analysis, all patients treated by RE between 2007 and 2018 (n = 907) were screened for the following setting/conditions: sequential RE of left and right liver lobe in two sessions, liver-specific MRI (MRI1) acquired max. 10 days before or after first RE (RE1), liver-specific MRI (MRI2) acquired with a minimum time interval of 20 days after MRI1, but before second RE (RE2). No systemic tumor therapies between MRI1 and MRI2. No patients with liver cirrhosis. Metastases > 5 mm in untreated liver lobes were compared in MRI1 and MRI2 and rated as follows: same size or larger in MRI2 = no abscopal effect (NAE); > 30% shrinkage without Y-90 contamination in SPECT/CT = abscopal effect (AE). Results Ninety six of 907 patients met aforementioned criteria. Median time-frame between RE1 and MRI2 was 34 (20–64) days. These 96 cases had 765 metastases which were evaluable (median 5(1–40) metastases per patient). Four patients could be identified with at least one shrinking metastasis of the untreated site: one patient with breast cancer (3 metastases: 0 NAE; 3 AE), one patient with prostate cancer (6 metastases: 3 NAE; 3 metastases > 30% shrinkage but possible Y-90 contamination) and two patients with shrinkage of one metastasis each but less than 30%. Conclusion Our retrospective study documents AE after RE of liver tumors in 1 out of 96 cases, 3 other cases remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Powerski
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Drewes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Jazan Omari
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Surov
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maciej Pech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214, Gdansk, Poland
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Azuma Y, Suzuki K, Higai K, Matsumoto K, Tada S. Biphasic Increases of Cell Surface Calreticulin Following Treatment with Mitoxantrone. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1595-1599. [PMID: 32727970 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) and calnexin (CNX), homologous major chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are known to translocate to the cell surface in response to chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitoxantrone (MIT), and cellular stresses, including apoptosis. Cell surface CRT (ecto-CRT) is relevant to the phagocytic uptake of cancer cells and dying cells, and pre-apoptotic exposure of CRT has been reported to result in enhanced immunogenicity of dying tumor cells, serving as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). In this study, HT-29 cells were treated with MIT to induce ER stress, and ecto-CRT and cell surface CNX were quantified by flow cytometry in the absence or presence of caspase inhibitors, a calpain inhibitor, or a scavenger of reactive oxygen species. The biphasic (early transient and late sustained) increase of ecto-CRT on HT-29 cells was observed after treatment with MIT. We confirmed that the early increase in ecto-CRT after 4 h of MIT treatment was not related to apoptosis, whereas the increase of ecto-CRT, as well as that of cell-surface CNX, during the later stage of treatment was caspase dependent and related to apoptosis. In addition, our results suggested that the early peak of ecto-CRT was mediated by activation of caspase 8 by ER stress. Thus, the physiological significance of the late increases in cell-surface CRT and/or CNX might be considered an "eat-me signal" for the removal of dead cells by phagocytosis, while the early increase in ecto-CRT caused by ER stress might enhance the immunogenicity of stressed tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Azuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Kenichi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Koji Higai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Kojiro Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Shusuke Tada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
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Gu FF, Zhang K, Ma LL, Liu YY, Li C, Hu Y, Yang QF, Liang JY, Zeng YL, Wang Y, Liu L. The Superior Ability of Human BDCA3 + (CD141 +) Dendritic Cells (DCs) to Cross-Present Antigens Derived From Necrotic Lung Cancer Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1267. [PMID: 32655564 PMCID: PMC7325999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in initiating and regulating the immune responses to pathogens, self-antigens, and cancers. Human blood DCs comprise a family of different subsets: plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and CD16+, CD1c/BDCA1+, and BDCA3+ (CD141+) myeloid DCs and possess different phenotypes and functional characteristics. Lung cancer is the most common cancer, with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. However, which DC subset plays a leading role in the lung cancer immune responses is unclear. We reanalyzed C-type lectin domain family 9 member A (CLEC9A) and CD141 (THBD) gene expression profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and performed the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of overall survival for several cancers according to their expression levels. Next, we investigated the capacities of five human blood DC subsets to stimulate T cell proliferation and capture, process and (cross-) present tumor antigen. Human BDCA3+ (CD141+) DCs have a superior capacity to stimulate allogeneic CD4+T cells proliferation and induce superior Th1 response compared with other DC subsets. Interestingly, toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists have little effect on DCs to induce the proliferation of naïve CD4+ T cells, but contribute to their differentiation. Importantly, BDCA3+ (CD141+) DCs possess the most potent ability to cross-present human tumor antigen after their uptake of necrotic lung cancer cells despite their lower antigen uptake. These findings suggest that human BDCA3+ (CD141+) DCs are critical mediators of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against EGFR-positive lung cancer. Therefore, our findings may provide theoretical basis for the development of DC-based antitumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Brain Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Yang Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Fan Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin-Yan Liang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Lan Zeng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Clinically Relevant Chemotherapeutics Have the Ability to Induce Immunogenic Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061474. [PMID: 32560232 PMCID: PMC7349161 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged as a cornerstone of therapy-induced anti-tumor immunity. To this end, the following chemotherapies were evaluated for their ability to induce ICD in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines: docetaxel, carboplatin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin and mafosfamide. The ICD hallmarks ATP, ecto-calreticulin, HMGB1, phagocytosis and maturation status of dendritic cells (DCs) were assessed in vitro. Furthermore, an in vivo vaccination assay on C57BL/6J mice was performed to validate our in vitro results. Docetaxel and the combination of docetaxel with carboplatin or cisplatin demonstrated the highest levels of ATP, ecto-calreticulin and HMGB1 in three out of four NSCLC cell lines. In addition, these regimens resulted in phagocytosis of treated NSCLC cells and maturation of DCs. Along similar lines, all mice vaccinated with NSCLC cells treated with docetaxel and cisplatin remained tumor-free after challenge. However, this was not the case for docetaxel, despite its induction of the ICD-related molecules in vitro, as it failed to reject tumor growth at the challenge site in 60% of the mice. Moreover, our in vitro and in vivo data show the inability of oxaliplatin to induce ICD in NSCLC cells. Overall with this study we demonstrate that clinically relevant chemotherapeutic regimens in NSCLC patients have the ability to induce ICD.
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Yum S, Li M, Chen ZJ. Old dogs, new trick: classic cancer therapies activate cGAS. Cell Res 2020; 30:639-648. [PMID: 32541866 PMCID: PMC7395767 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of cancer immune surveillance and immunotherapy has opened up a new era of cancer treatment. Immunotherapies modulate a patient’s immune system to specifically eliminate cancer cells; thus, it is considered a very different approach from classic cancer therapies that usually induce DNA damage to cause cell death in a cell-intrinsic manner. However, recent studies have revealed that classic cancer therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy also elicit antitumor immunity, which plays an essential role in their therapeutic efficacy. The cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and the downstream effector Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) have been determined to be critical for this interplay. Here, we review the antitumor roles of the cGAS-STING pathway during tumorigenesis, cancer immune surveillance, and cancer therapies. We also highlight classic cancer therapies that elicit antitumor immune responses through cGAS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyun Yum
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zhijian J Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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40
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Solari JIG, Filippi-Chiela E, Pilar ES, Nunes V, Gonzalez EA, Figueiró F, Andrade CF, Klamt F. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) related to immunogenic cell death are differentially triggered by clinically relevant chemotherapeutics in lung adenocarcinoma cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:474. [PMID: 32456685 PMCID: PMC7251700 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapeutics can stimulate immune antitumor response by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is activated by Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) like the exposure of calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface, the release of ATP and the secretion of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1). Methods Here, we investigated the levels of ICD-associated DAMPs induced by chemotherapeutics commonly used in the clinical practice of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the association of these DAMPs with apoptosis and autophagy. A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were treated with clinically relevant doses of cisplatin, carboplatin, etoposide, paclitaxel and gemcitabine. We assessed ICD-associated DAMPs, cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy in an integrated way. Results Cisplatin and its combination with etoposide induced the highest levels of apoptosis, while etoposide was the less pro-apoptotic treatment. Cisplatin also induced the highest levels of ICD-associated DAMPs, which was not incremented by co-treatments. Etoposide induced the lower levels of ICD and the highest levels of autophagy, suggesting that the cytoprotective role of autophagy is dominant in relation to its pro-ICD role. High levels of CRT were associated with better prognosis in TCGA databank. In an integrative analysis we found a strong positive correlation between DAMPs and apoptosis, and a negative correlation between cell number and ICD-associated DAMPs as well as between autophagy and apoptosis markers. We also purpose a mathematical integration of ICD-associated DAMPs in an index (IndImunnog) that may represent with greater biological relevance this process. Cisplatin-treated cells showed the highest IndImmunog, while etoposide was the less immunogenic and the more pro-autophagic treatment. Conclusions Cisplatin alone induced the highest levels of ICD-associated DAMPs, so that its combination with immunotherapy may be a promising therapeutic strategy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignácio Gonzalez Solari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, FAMED/UFRGS, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Filippi-Chiela
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Hospital de Clínicas Porto Alegre, Unidade de Pesquisas Experimental (Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Emily Salles Pilar
- Hospital de Clínicas Porto Alegre, Unidade de Pesquisas Experimental (Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vitória Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Esteban Alberto Gonzalez
- Hospital de Clínicas Porto Alegre, Unidade de Pesquisas Experimental (Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Feijó Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, FAMED/UFRGS, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fábio Klamt
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Lamberti MJ, Nigro A, Mentucci FM, Rumie Vittar NB, Casolaro V, Dal Col J. Dendritic Cells and Immunogenic Cancer Cell Death: A Combination for Improving Antitumor Immunity. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030256. [PMID: 32178288 PMCID: PMC7151083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety and feasibility of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapies in cancer management have been well documented after more than twenty-five years of experimentation, and, by now, undeniably accepted. On the other hand, it is equally evident that DC-based vaccination as monotherapy did not achieve the clinical benefits that were predicted in a number of promising preclinical studies. The current availability of several immune modulatory and targeting approaches opens the way to many potential therapeutic combinations. In particular, the evidence that the immune-related effects that are elicited by immunogenic cell death (ICD)-inducing therapies are strictly associated with DC engagement and activation strongly support the combination of ICD-inducing and DC-based immunotherapies. In this review, we examine the data in recent studies employing tumor cells, killed through ICD induction, in the formulation of anticancer DC-based vaccines. In addition, we discuss the opportunity to combine pharmacologic or physical therapeutic approaches that can promote ICD in vivo with in situ DC vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Lamberti
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
| | - Fátima María Mentucci
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia Belén Rumie Vittar
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina; (M.J.L.); (F.M.M.)
- INBIAS, CONICET-UNRC, Río Cuarto 5800, Córdoba, Argentina
- Correspondence: (N.B.R.V.); (J.D.C.); Tel.: +39-089-965-210 (J.D.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; (A.N.); (V.C.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.R.V.); (J.D.C.); Tel.: +39-089-965-210 (J.D.C.)
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Boudewijns S, Bloemendal M, de Haas N, Westdorp H, Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Aarntzen EHJG, Lesterhuis WJ, Gorris MAJ, Croockewit A, van der Woude LL, van Rossum MM, Welzen M, de Goede A, Hato SV, van der Graaf WTA, Punt CJA, Koornstra RHT, Gerritsen WR, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Autologous monocyte-derived DC vaccination combined with cisplatin in stage III and IV melanoma patients: a prospective, randomized phase 2 trial. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:477-488. [PMID: 31980913 PMCID: PMC7044256 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccines can induce tumor-specific T cells, but their effect can be counteracted by immunosuppressive mechanisms. Cisplatin has shown immunomodulatory effects in vivo which may enhance efficacy of DC vaccination. METHODS This is a prospective, randomized, open-label phase 2 study (NCT02285413) including stage III and IV melanoma patients receiving 3 biweekly vaccinations of gp100 and tyrosinase mRNA-loaded monocyte-derived DCs with or without cisplatin. Primary objectives were to study immunogenicity and feasibility, and secondary objectives were to assess toxicity and survival. RESULTS Twenty-two stage III and 32 stage IV melanoma patients were analyzed. Antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were found in 44% versus 67% and functional T cell responses in 28% versus 19% of skin-test infiltrating lymphocytes in patients receiving DC vaccination with and without cisplatin, respectively. Four patients stopped cisplatin because of toxicity and continued DC monotherapy. No therapy-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred due to DC monotherapy. During combination therapy, one therapy-related grade 3 adverse event, decompensated heart failure due to fluid overload, occurred. The clinical outcome parameters did not clearly suggest significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Combination of DC vaccination and cisplatin in melanoma patients is feasible and safe, but does not seem to result in more tumor-specific T cell responses or improved clinical outcome, when compared to DC vaccination monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Boudewijns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Bloemendal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Westdorp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H J G Aarntzen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W Joost Lesterhuis
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Mark A J Gorris
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Croockewit
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke L van der Woude
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle M van Rossum
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Welzen
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna de Goede
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stanleyson V Hato
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis J A Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger H T Koornstra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Oncological Center, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Role of Dendritic Cells in Exposing Latent HIV-1 for the Kill. Viruses 2019; 12:v12010037. [PMID: 31905690 PMCID: PMC7019604 DOI: 10.3390/v12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of effective yet nontoxic strategies to target the latent human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reservoir in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed individuals poses a critical barrier to a functional cure. The ‘kick and kill’ approach to HIV eradication entails proviral reactivation during ART, coupled with generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or other immune effectors equipped to eliminate exposed infected cells. Pharmacological latency reversal agents (LRAs) that have produced modest reductions in the latent reservoir ex vivo have not impacted levels of proviral DNA in HIV-infected individuals. An optimal cure strategy incorporates methods that facilitate sufficient antigen exposure on reactivated cells following the induction of proviral gene expression, as well as the elimination of infected targets by either polyfunctional HIV-specific CTLs or other immune-based strategies. Although conventional dendritic cells (DCs) have been used extensively for the purpose of inducing antigen-specific CTL responses in HIV-1 clinical trials, their immunotherapeutic potential as cellular LRAs has been largely ignored. In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with current HIV-1 eradication strategies, as well as the unharnessed potential of ex vivo-programmed DCs for both the ‘kick and kill’ of latent HIV-1.
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Platinum Derivatives Effects on Anticancer Immune Response. Biomolecules 2019; 10:biom10010013. [PMID: 31861811 PMCID: PMC7022223 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with surgery and radiotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents belong to the therapeutic arsenal in cancer treatment. In addition to their direct cytotoxic effects, these agents also impact the host immune system, which might enhance or counteract their antitumor activity. The platinum derivative compounds family, mainly composed of carboplatin, cisplatin and oxaliplatin, belongs to the chemotherapeutical arsenal used in numerous cancer types. Here, we will focus on the effects of these molecules on antitumor immune response. These compounds can induce or not immunogenic cell death (ICD), and some strategies have been found to induce or further enhance it. They also regulate immune cells’ fate. Platinum derivatives can lead to their activation. Additionally, they can also dampen immune cells by selective killing or inhibiting their activity, particularly by modulating immune checkpoints’ expression.
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45
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BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 promotes immunogenic cell death in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Martín-Moreno A, Muñoz-Fernández MA. Dendritic Cells, the Double Agent in the War Against HIV-1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2485. [PMID: 31708924 PMCID: PMC6820366 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infects cells from the immune system and has thus developed tools to circumvent the host immunity and use it in its advance. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the first immune cells to encounter the HIV, and being the main antigen (Ag) presenting cells, they link the innate and the adaptive immune responses. While DCs work to promote an efficient immune response and halt the infection, HIV-1 has ways to take advantage of their role and uses DCs to gain faster and more efficient access to CD4+ T cells. Due to their ability to activate a specific immune response, DCs are promising candidates to achieve the functional cure of HIV-1 infection, but knowing the molecular partakers that determine the relationship between virus and cell is the key for the rational and successful design of a DC-based therapy. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on how both DC subsets (myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs) act in presence of HIV-1, and focus on different pathways that the virus can take after binding to DC. First, we explore the consequences of HIV-1 recognition by each receptor on DCs, including CD4 and DC-SIGN. Second, we look at cellular mechanisms that prevent productive infection and weapons that turn cellular defense into a Trojan horse that hides the virus all the way to T cell. Finally, we discuss the possible outcomes of DC-T cell contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Martín-Moreno
- Sección de Inmunología, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Sección de Inmunología, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER BBN), Madrid, Spain
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Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Treated PBS Eliminates Immunosuppressive Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Induces Immunogenic Cell Death of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101597. [PMID: 31635070 PMCID: PMC6826654 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers with a low response to treatment and a five-year survival rate below 5%. The ineffectiveness of treatment is partly because of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which comprises tumor-supportive pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed to tackle both the immunosuppressive PSC and pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs). Recently, physical cold atmospheric plasma consisting of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species has emerged as a novel treatment option for cancer. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline (pPBS) using three PSC lines and four PCC lines and examined the immunogenicity of the induced cell death. We observed a decrease in the viability of PSC and PCC after pPBS treatment, with a higher efficacy in the latter. Two PCC lines expressed and released damage-associated molecular patterns characteristic of the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). In addition, pPBS-treated PCC were highly phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in the maturation of DC. This indicates the high potential of pPBS to trigger ICD. In contrast, pPBS induced no ICD in PSC. In general, pPBS treatment of PCCs and PSCs created a more immunostimulatory secretion profile (higher TNF-α and IFN-γ, lower TGF-β) in coculture with DC. Altogether, these data show that plasma treatment via pPBS has the potential to induce ICD in PCCs and to reduce the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment created by PSCs. Therefore, these data provide a strong experimental basis for further in vivo validation, which might potentially open the way for more successful combination strategies with immunotherapy for PDAC.
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García-Foncillas J, Sunakawa Y, Aderka D, Wainberg Z, Ronga P, Witzler P, Stintzing S. Distinguishing Features of Cetuximab and Panitumumab in Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Front Oncol 2019; 9:849. [PMID: 31616627 PMCID: PMC6763619 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab and panitumumab are two distinct monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and both are widely used in combination with chemotherapy or as monotherapy to treat patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Although often considered interchangeable, the two antibodies have different molecular structures and can behave differently in clinically relevant ways. More specifically, as an immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 isotype mAb, cetuximab can elicit immune functions such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity involving natural killer cells, T-cell recruitment to the tumor, and T-cell priming via dendritic cell maturation. Panitumumab, an IgG2 isotype mAb, does not possess these immune functions. Furthermore, the two antibodies have different binding sites on the EGFR, as evidenced by mutations on the extracellular domain that can confer resistance to one of the two therapeutics or to both. We consider a comparison of the properties of these two antibodies to represent a gap in the literature. We therefore compiled a detailed, evidence-based educational review of the known molecular, clinical, and functional differences between the two antibodies and concluded that they are distinct therapeutic agents that should be considered individually during treatment planning. Available data for one agent can only partly be extrapolated to the other. Looking to the future, the known immune activity of cetuximab may provide a rationale for this antibody as a combination partner with investigational chemotherapy plus immunotherapy regimens for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-Foncillas
- Cancer Institute, University Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yu Sunakawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Dan Aderka
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Zev Wainberg
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology (CCM) Charité Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Human Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells: From in Situ Visualization to High-Dimensional Analyses. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081082. [PMID: 31366174 PMCID: PMC6721288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between tumor cells and the immune system is considered to be a dynamic process. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in anti-tumor immunity owing to their outstanding T cell activation ability. Their functions and activities are broad ranged, triggering different mechanisms and responses to the DC subset. Several studies identified in situ human tumor-infiltrating DCs by immunostaining using a limited number of markers. However, considering the heterogeneity of DC subsets, the identification of each subtype present in the immune infiltrate is essential. To achieve this, studies initially relied on flow cytometry analyses to provide a precise characterization of tumor-associated DC subsets based on a combination of multiple markers. The concomitant development of advanced technologies, such as mass cytometry or complete transcriptome sequencing of a cell population or at a single cell level, has provided further details on previously identified populations, has unveiled previously unknown populations, and has finally led to the standardization of the DCs classification across tissues and species. Here, we review the evolution of tumor-associated DC description, from in situ visualization to their characterization with high-dimensional technologies, and the clinical use of these findings specifically focusing on the prognostic impact of DCs in cancers.
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Sprooten J, Ceusters J, Coosemans A, Agostinis P, De Vleeschouwer S, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Garg AD. Trial watch: dendritic cell vaccination for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1638212. [PMID: 31646087 PMCID: PMC6791419 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1638212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic- cells (DCs) have received considerable attention as potential targets for the development of anticancer vaccines. DC-based anticancer vaccination relies on patient-derived DCs pulsed with a source of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in the context of standardized maturation-cocktails, followed by their reinfusion. Extensive evidence has confirmed that DC-based vaccines can generate TAA-specific, cytotoxic T cells. Nonetheless, clinical efficacy of DC-based vaccines remains suboptimal, reflecting the widespread immunosuppression within tumors. Thus, clinical interest is being refocused on DC-based vaccines as combinatorial partners for T cell-targeting immunotherapies. Here, we summarize the most recent preclinical/clinical development of anticancer DC vaccination and discuss future perspectives for DC-based vaccines in immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sprooten
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) unit, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Ceusters
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) unit, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Vleeschouwer
- Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Université de Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Abhishek D. Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) unit, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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