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柴 晓, 孙 子, 李 海, 朱 靓, 刘 小, 刘 延, 裴 斐, 常 青. [Clinicopathological characteristics of the CD8 + T lymphocytes infiltration and its mechanism in distinct molecular subtype of medulloblastoma]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2024; 56:512-518. [PMID: 38864138 PMCID: PMC11167556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of the CD8+ T cells infiltration from the 4 subtypes in medulloblastoma (MB), to analyze the relationship between CD8+ T cells infiltration and prognosis, to study the function of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) and its receptor in CD8+ T cells infiltration into tumors and to explore the potential mechanism, and to provide the necessary clinicopathological basis for exploring the immunotherapy of MB. METHODS In the study, 48 clinical MB samples (12 cases in each of 4 subtypes) were selected from the multiple medical center from 2012 to 2019. The transcriptomics analysis for the tumor of 48 clinical samples was conducted on the NanoString PanCancer IO360TM Panel (NanoString Technologies). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from MB was carried out using CD8 primary antibody to analyze diffe-rential quantities of CD8+ T cells in the MB four subtypes. Through bioinformatics analysis, the relationship between CD8+T cells infiltration and prognosis of the patients and the expression differences of various chemokines in the different subtypes of MB were investigated. The expression of CXCR3 receptor on the surface of CD8+T cells in MB was verified by double immunofluorescence staining, and the underlying molecular mechanism of CD8+T cells infiltration into the tumor was explored. RESULTS The characteristic index of CD8+T cells in the WNT subtype of MB was relatively high, suggesting that the number of CD8+T cells in the WNT subtype was significantly higher than that in the other three subtypes, which was confirmed by CD8 immunohistochemical staining and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database analysis by using R2 online data analysis platform. And the increase of CD8+T cells infiltration was positively correlated with the patient survival. The expression level of CXCL11 in the WNT subtype MB was significantly higher than that of the other three subtypes. Immunofluorescence staining showed the presence of CXCL11 receptor, CXCR3, on the surface of CD8+T cells, suggesting that the CD8+T cells might be attracted to the MB microenvironment by CXCL11 through CXCR3. CONCLUSION The CD8+T cells infiltrate more in the WNT subtype MB than other subtypes. The mechanism may be related to the activation of CXCL11-CXCR3 chemokine system, and the patients with more infiltration of CD8+T cells in tumor have better prognosis. This finding may provide the necessary clinicopathological basis for the regulatory mechanism of CD8+T cells infiltration in MB, and give a new potential therapeutic target for the future immunotherapy of MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓东 柴
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 子文 孙
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 海爽 李
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 靓怡 朱
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 小旦 刘
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 延涛 刘
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 斐 裴
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 青 常
- 北京市神经外科研究所神经病理中心, 北京 100070Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing 100070, China
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Isvoranu G, Chiritoiu-Butnaru M. Therapeutic potential of interleukin-21 in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1369743. [PMID: 38638431 PMCID: PMC11024325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is an immunostimulatory cytokine which belongs to the common gamma-chain family of cytokines. It plays an import role in the development, differentiation, proliferation, and activation of immune cells, in particular T and natural killer (NK) cells. Since its discovery in 2000, IL-21 has been shown to regulate both adaptive and immune responses associates with key role in antiviral and antitumor responses. Recent advances indicate IL-21 as a promising target for cancer treatment and encouraging results were obtained in preclinical studies which investigated the potency of IL-21 alone or in combination with other therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitory molecules, oncolytic virotherapy, and adoptive cell transfer. Furthermore, IL-21 showed antitumor effects in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer, with minimal side effects in several clinical trials. In the present review, we will outline the recent progress in IL-21 research, highlighting the potential of IL-21 based therapy as single agent or in combination with other drugs to enhance cancer treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghita Isvoranu
- Department of Animal Husbandry,” Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marioara Chiritoiu-Butnaru
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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Mishra AK, Schmidt TM, Martell EB, Chen AS, Dogru RE, Hematti P, Callander NS. PD1 +TIGIT +2B4 +KLRG1 + Cells Might Underlie T Cell Dysfunction in Patients Treated with BCMA-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:191-202. [PMID: 37967650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown rapid, frequent, and deep responses in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, relapse frequently occurs following CAR-T therapy, and the cause of this resistance is not well defined. Among the potential mechanisms of resistance, T cell intrinsic factors may be an important source of failure. Here we used spectral flow cytometry to identify the changes in T cell phenotypes in bone marrow aspirates at different stages of multiple myeloma progression, including cases that relapsed after anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy. We identified completely different T cell phenotypes in RRMM and post CAR-T relapse cases compared to healthy donors and earlier stages of multiple myeloma, novel double-negative CD3+ T cells in RRMM and CAR-T relapsed cases, and differences in CD8 T cell phenotype at the baseline between peripheral blood and bone marrow from healthy donors. We found that the majority of T cells in RRMM patients and significant T cell subsets in post-CAR-T relapsed patients expressed multiple coinhibitory markers, including PD1, TIGIT, 2B4, and KLRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameet K Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Timothy M Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ella B Martell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Alex S Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Reyna E Dogru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, Froedtert Hospital and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Natalie S Callander
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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4
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Scholl JN, Weber AF, Dias CK, Lima VP, Grun LK, Zambonin D, Anzolin E, Dos Santos Dias WW, Kus WP, Barbé-Tuana F, Battastini AMO, Worm PV, Figueiró F. Characterization of purinergic signaling in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from lower- and high-grade gliomas. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:47-64. [PMID: 36964277 PMCID: PMC10828327 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly heterogeneous glia-derived tumors that present an aggressive and invasive nature, with a dismal prognosis. The multi-dimensional interactions between glioma cells and other tumor microenvironment (TME) non-tumoral components constitute a challenge to finding successful treatment strategies. Several molecules, such as extracellular purines, participate in signaling events and support the immunosuppressive TME of glioma patients. The purinergic signaling and the ectoenzymes network involved in the metabolism of these extracellular nucleotides are still unexplored in the glioma TME, especially in lower-grade gliomas (LGG). Also, differences between IDH-mutant (IDH-Mut) versus wild-type (IDH-WT) gliomas are still unknown in this context. For the first time, to our knowledge, this study characterizes the TME of LGG, high-grade gliomas (HGG) IDH-Mut, and HGG IDH-WT patients regarding purinergic ectoenzymes and P1 receptors, focusing on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Here, we show that ectoenzymes from both canonical and non-canonical pathways are increased in the TME when compared to the peripheral blood. We hypothesize this enhancement supports extracellular adenosine generation, hence increasing TME immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Ferreira Weber
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Kehl Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pierdoná Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Pediatria E Saúde da Criança, Escola de Medicina, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Zambonin
- Departamento de Neurocirurgia, Hospital Cristo Redentor, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Anzolin
- Departamento de Neurocirurgia, Hospital Cristo Redentor, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Florencia Barbé-Tuana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Celular E Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde E da Vida, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Valdeci Worm
- Departamento de Neurocirurgia, Hospital Cristo Redentor, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departmento de Cirurgia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zhang H, Chen Y, Jiang X, Gu Q, Yao J, Wang X, Wu J. Unveiling the landscape of cytokine research in glioma immunotherapy: a scientometrics analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1333124. [PMID: 38259287 PMCID: PMC10800575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1333124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cytokines modulate the glioma tumor microenvironment, influencing occurrence, progression, and treatment response. Strategic cytokine application may improve glioma immunotherapy outcomes. Gliomas remain refractory to standard therapeutic modalities, but immunotherapy shows promise given the integral immunomodulatory roles of cytokines. However, systematic evaluation of cytokine glioma immunotherapy research is absent. Bibliometric mapping of the research landscape, recognition of impactful contributions, and elucidation of evolutive trajectories and hot topics has yet to occur, potentially guiding future efforts. Here, we analyzed the structure, evolution, trends, and hotspots of the cytokine glioma immunotherapy research field, subsequently focusing on avenues for future investigation. Methods: This investigation conducted comprehensive bibliometric analyses on a corpus of 1529 English-language publications, from 1 January 2000, to 4 October 2023, extracted from the Web of Science database. The study employed tools including Microsoft Excel, Origin, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Bibliometrix R package, to systematically assess trends in publication, contributions from various countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as to examine literature co-citation and keyword distributions within the domain of cytokines for glioma immunotherapy. The application of these methodologies facilitated a detailed exploration of the hotspots, the underlying knowledge structure, and the developments in the field of cytokines for glioma immunotherapy. Results: This bibliometric analysis revealed an exponential growth in annual publications, with the United States, China, and Germany as top contributors. Reviews constituted 17% and research articles 83% of total publications. Analysis of keywords like "interleukin-13," "TGF-beta," and "dendritic cells" indicated progression from foundational cytokine therapies to sophisticated understanding of the tumor microenvironment and immune dynamics. Key research avenues encompassed the tumor microenvironment, epidermal growth factor receptor, clinical trials, and interleukin pathways. This comprehensive quantitative mapping of the glioma immunotherapy cytokine literature provides valuable insights to advance future research and therapeutic development. Conclusion: This study has identified remaining knowledge gaps regarding the role of cytokines in glioma immunotherapy. Future research will likely focus on the tumor microenvironment, cancer vaccines, epidermal growth factor receptor, and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2. Glioma immunotherapy development will continue through investigations into resistance mechanisms, microglia and macrophage biology, and interactions within the complex tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Gamma Knife Center, Department of Oncology, Department of Neurological Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhan Jiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiahao Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianghua Wu
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
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Srivastava R, Labani-Motlagh A, Chen A, Bohorquez JA, Qin B, Dodda M, Yang F, Ansari D, Patel S, Ji H, Trasti S, Chao Y, Patel Y, Zou H, Hu B, Yi G. Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy. Antib Ther 2023; 6:253-264. [PMID: 38075240 PMCID: PMC10702851 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy. We successfully generated humanized DRAG (NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RγcKO) mouse model by transplantation of human DR4+ hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs), and effectively grafted GBM patient-derived tumorsphere cells to form xenografted tumors intracranially. The engrafted tumors recapitulated the pathological features and the immune cell composition of human GBM. Administration of anti-human PD-1 antibodies in these tumor-bearing humanized DRAG mice decreased the major tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cell populations, including CD4+PD-1+ and CD8+PD-1+ T cells, CD11b+CD14+HLA-DR+ macrophages, CD11b+CD14+HLA-DR-CD15- and CD11b+CD14-CD15+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating the humanized DRAG mice as a useful model to test the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy. Taken together, these results suggest that the humanized DRAG mouse model is a reliable preclinical platform for studying brain cancer immunotherapy and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Alireza Labani-Motlagh
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Apeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Jose Alejandro Bohorquez
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Bin Qin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meghana Dodda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Danish Ansari
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Sahil Patel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Honglong Ji
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Scott Trasti
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79410, USA
| | - Yapeng Chao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Yash Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Han Zou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Guohua Yi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
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Fan R, Chen C, Mu M, Chuan D, Liu H, Hou H, Huang J, Tong A, Guo G, Xu J. Engineering MMP-2 Activated Nanoparticles Carrying B7-H3 Bispecific Antibodies for Ferroptosis-Enhanced Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9126-9139. [PMID: 37097811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Administration of bispecific antibodies (biAbs) in tumor therapy is limited by their short half-life and off-target toxicity. Optimized strategies or targets are needed to overcome these barriers. B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 superfamily, is associated with poor survival in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Moreover, a dimer of EGCG (dEGCG) synthesized in this work enhanced the IFN-γ-induced ferroptosis of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we prepared recombinant anti-B7-H3×CD3 biAbs and constructed MMP-2-sensitive S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs to offer a combination treatment strategy for efficient and systemic GBM elimination. Given their GBM targeted delivery and tumor microenvironment responsiveness, S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs displayed enhanced intracranial accumulation, 4.1-, 9.5-, and 12.3-fold higher than that of biAb/dEGCG@NPs, biAb/dEGCG complexes, and free biAbs, respectively. Furthermore, 50% of GBM-bearing mice in the S-biAb/dEGCG@NP group survived longer than 56 days. Overall, S-biAb/dEGCG@NPs can induce GBM elimination by boosting the ferroptosis effect and enhancing immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy and may be successful antibody nanocarriers for enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangrang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Caili Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P. R. China
| | - Min Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Di Chuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jianhan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Lu J, Huang C, He R, Xie R, Li Y, Guo X, Zhang Q, Xu Q. CD4 -/CD8 - double-negative tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expanded from solid tumor tissue suppress the proliferation of tumor cells in an MHC-independent way. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04823-x. [PMID: 37165118 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have shown remarkable clinical responses in some patients with advanced solid tumors. As a rare subset of TILs, CD4-/CD8- double-negative T cells (DNTs) were poorly known. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and function of CD3+CD4-CD8- TILs (double-negative TIL, DN-TILs) derived from solid tumor. METHODS DN-TILs were derived and expanded ex vivo from resected gastric carcinoma tissue and phenotyped by flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of DN-TILs was determined against established tumor cell lines in vitro or through in vivo adoptive transfer into xenograft models. K562 cells were transferred with the HLA gene to verify whether the cytotoxicity of DN-TILs was MHC-independent. RESULTS Flow cytometric analysis revealed a high-purity population of DN-TILs (> 97%) within CD3+ TILs, which expanded more than 800-folds in 2 weeks, consisting of a mixture of alpha-beta (αβ) and gamma-delta (γδ) T-cell receptor (TCR)-expressing cells (with the majority being αβ-TCR, > 95%). Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the expanded DN-TILs were categorized into four main subsets, Natural Killer T cells (approximately 80%, 5563 in 7028), Progenitor cells, Germ cells and T helper2 cells. DN-TILs exhibited a broad anticancer cytotoxicity in a donor-unrestricted manner against various cancer cell lines derived from pancreatic cancer (Panc-1), gastric cancer (HGC-27), ovarian cancer (SKOV-3), malignant melanoma (A375). The cytotoxicity was MHC-independent, which was not altered in K562 transferring with HLA gene or not. DN-TILs significantly reduced tumor volume in xenograft models with superior tumor-homing ability and low off-target toxicity. CONCLUSION Gastric carcinoma derived DN-TIL can target tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. DN-TILs have the potential to be used as a adoptive cell therapy for solid cancers with both the advantages of DNT and TIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Lu
- Departmalet of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Shanghai Juncell Biotechnology Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong He
- Departmalet of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongjia Xie
- Departmalet of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Shanghai Tumor Cell Therapy Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianling Guo
- Departmalet of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Departmalet of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Fenton GA, Mitchell DA. Cellular Cancer Immunotherapy Development and Manufacturing in the Clinic. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:843-857. [PMID: 36383184 PMCID: PMC9975672 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The transfusion of naturally derived or modified cellular therapies, referred to as adoptive cell therapy (ACT), has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and metastatic melanoma. In addition, cellular vaccination, such as dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines, continues to be actively explored. The manufacturing of these therapies presents a considerable challenge to expanding the use of ACT as a viable treatment modality, particularly at academic production facilities. Furthermore, the expanding commercial interest in ACT presents new opportunities as well as strategic challenges for the future vision of cellular manufacturing in academic centers. Current trends in the production of ACT at tertiary care centers and prospects for improved manufacturing practices that will foster further clinical benefit are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme A Fenton
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.,Preston A. Wells Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.,Preston A. Wells Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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10
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Srivastava R, Labani-Motlagh A, Chen A, Yang F, Ansari D, Patel S, Ji H, Trasti S, Dodda M, Patel Y, Zou H, Hu B, Yi G. Development of a human glioblastoma model using humanized DRAG mice for immunotherapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528743. [PMID: 36824969 PMCID: PMC9948970 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor with high mortality rates and a short median survival rate of about 15 months despite intensive multimodal treatment of maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Although immunotherapies have been successful in the treatment of various cancers, disappointing results from clinical trials for GBM immunotherapy represent our incomplete understanding. The development of alternative humanized mouse models with fully functional human immune cells will potentially accelerate the progress of GBM immunotherapy. In this study, we developed a humanized DRAG (NOD.Rag1KO.IL2RγcKO) mouse model, in which the human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were well-engrafted and subsequently differentiated into a full lineage of immune cells. Using this humanized DRAG mouse model, GBM patient-derived tumorsphere lines were successfully engrafted to form xenografted tumors, which can recapitulate the pathological features and the immune cell composition of human GBM. Importantly, the administration of anti-human PD-1 antibodies in these DRAG mice bearing a GBM patient-derived tumorsphere line resulted in decreasing the major tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cell populations, including CD4 + PD-1 + and CD8 + PD-1 + T cells, CD11b + CD14 + HLA-DR + macrophages, CD11b + CD14 + HLA-DR - CD15 - and CD11b + CD14 - CD15 + myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating the humanized DRAG mouse model as a useful model to test the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in GBM immunotherapy. Together, these results suggest that humanized DRAG mouse models are a reliable preclinical platform for brain cancer immunotherapy and beyond.
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11
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Fang C, Zhang Z, Han Y, Xu H, Zhu Z, Du Y, Hou P, Yuan L, Shao A, Zhang A, Lou M. URB2 as an important marker for glioma prognosis and immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1113182. [PMID: 37033651 PMCID: PMC10080038 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1113182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor and primary malignant tumor of the brain in clinical practice. Conventional treatment has not significantly altered the prognosis of patients with glioma. As research into immunotherapy continues, glioma immunotherapy has shown great potential. Methods: The clinical data were acquired from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database and validated by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAP) database, and Western blot (WB) analysis. By Cox regression analyses, we examined the association between different variables and overall survival (OS) and its potential as an independent prognostic factor. By constructing a nomogram that incorporates both clinicopathological variables and the expression of URB2, we provide a model for the prediction of prognosis. Moreover, we explored the relationship between immunity and URB2 and elucidated its underlying mechanism of action. Results: Our study shows that URB2 likely plays an oncogenic role in glioma and confirms that URB2 is a prognostic independent risk factor for glioma. Furthermore, we revealed a close relationship between immunity and URB2, which suggests a new approach for the immunotherapy of glioma. Conclusion: URB2 can be used for prognosis prediction and immunotherapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongquan Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinpin Hou
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meiqing Lou, ; Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao,
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meiqing Lou, ; Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao,
| | - Meiqing Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Meiqing Lou, ; Anke Zhang, ; Anwen Shao,
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12
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Swan SL, Mehta N, Ilich E, Shen SH, Wilkinson DS, Anderson AR, Segura T, Sanchez-Perez L, Sampson JH, Bellamkonda RV. IL7 and IL7 Flt3L co-expressing CAR T cells improve therapeutic efficacy in mouse EGFRvIII heterogeneous glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1085547. [PMID: 36817432 PMCID: PMC9936235 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1085547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in glioblastoma faces many challenges including insufficient CAR T cell abundance and antigen-negative tumor cells evading targeting. Unfortunately, preclinical studies evaluating CAR T cells in glioblastoma focus on tumor models that express a single antigen, use immunocompromised animals, and/or pre-treat with lymphodepleting agents. While lymphodepletion enhances CAR T cell efficacy, it diminishes the endogenous immune system that has the potential for tumor eradication. Here, we engineered CAR T cells to express IL7 and/or Flt3L in 50% EGFRvIII-positive and -negative orthotopic tumors pre-conditioned with non-lymphodepleting irradiation. IL7 and IL7 Flt3L CAR T cells increased intratumoral CAR T cell abundance seven days after treatment. IL7 co-expression with Flt3L modestly increased conventional dendritic cells as well as the CD103+XCR1+ population known to have migratory and antigen cross-presenting capabilities. Treatment with IL7 or IL7 Flt3L CAR T cells improved overall survival to 67% and 50%, respectively, compared to 9% survival with conventional or Flt3L CAR T cells. We concluded that CAR T cells modified to express IL7 enhanced CAR T cell abundance and improved overall survival in EGFRvIII heterogeneous tumors pre-conditioned with non-lymphodepleting irradiation. Potentially IL7 or IL7 Flt3L CAR T cells can provide new opportunities to combine CAR T cells with other immunotherapies for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan L Swan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nalini Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ekaterina Ilich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Steven H Shen
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Daniel S Wilkinson
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexa R Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Clinical Science Departments of Neurology and Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Luis Sanchez-Perez
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - John H Sampson
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ravi V Bellamkonda
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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13
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Zhang B, Xie L, Liu J, Liu A, He M. Construction and validation of a cuproptosis-related prognostic model for glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1082974. [PMID: 36814929 PMCID: PMC9939522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1082974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cuproptosis, a newly reported type of programmed cell death, takes part in the regulation of tumor progression, treatment response, and prognosis. But the specific effect of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) on glioblastoma (GBM) is still unclear. Methods The transcriptome data and corresponding clinical data of GBM samples were downloaded from the TCGA and GEO databases. R software and R packages were used to perform statistical analysis, consensus cluster analysis, survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, Lasso regression analysis, and tumor microenvironment analysis. The mRNA and protein expression levels of model-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays, respectively. Results The expression profile of CRGs in 209 GBM samples from two separate datasets was obtained. Two cuproptosis subtypes, CRGcluster A and CRGcluster B, were identified by consensus cluster analysis. There were apparent differences in prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immune checkpoint expression levels between the two subtypes, and there were 79 prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs). According to the prognostic DEGs, two gene subtypes, geneCluster A and geneCluster B, were identified, and a prognostic risk score model was constructed and validated. This model consists of five prognostic DEGs, including PDIA4, DUSP6, PTPRN, PILRB, and CBLN1. Ultimately, to improve the applicability of the model, a nomogram was established. Patients with GBM in the low-risk cluster have a higher mutation burden and predict a longer OS than in the high-risk group. Moreover, the risk score was related to drug sensitivity and negatively correlated with the CSC index. Conclusion We successfully constructed a cuproptosis-related prognostic model, which can independently predict the prognosis of GBM patients. These results further complement the understanding of cuproptosis and provide new theoretical support for developing a more effective treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anmin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingliang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Adoptive Cell Therapy for T-Cell Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010094. [PMID: 36612092 PMCID: PMC9817702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell malignancies are often aggressive and associated with poor prognoses. Adoptive cell therapy has recently shown promise as a new line of therapy for patients with hematological malignancies. However, there are currently challenges in applying adoptive cell therapy to T-cell malignancies. Various approaches have been examined in preclinical and clinical studies to overcome these obstacles. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress on adoptive cell therapy for T-cell malignancies. The benefits and drawbacks of different types of adoptive cell therapy are discussed. The potential advantages and current applications of innate immune cell-based adoptive cell therapy for T cell malignancies are emphasized.
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15
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Expansion of KRAS hotspot mutations reactive T cells from human pancreatic tumors using autologous T cells as the antigen-presenting cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 72:1301-1313. [PMID: 36436020 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) or TCR gene-modified T cells (TCR-T) that recognize mutant KRAS neo-antigens can mediate tumor regression in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (Tran et al in N Engl J Med, 375:2255-2262, 2016; Leidner et al in N Engl J Med, 386:2112-2119, 2022). The mutant KRAS-targeted ACT holds great potential to achieve durable clinical responses for PDAC, which has had no meaningful improvement over 40 years. However, the wide application of mutant KRAS-centric ACT is currently limited by the rarity of TIL that recognize the mutant KRAS. In addition, PDAC is generally recognized as a poorly immunogenic tumor, and TILs in PDAC are less abundant than in immunogenic tumors such as melanoma. To increase the success rate of TIL production, we adopted a well-utilized K562-based artificial APC (aAPC) that expresses 4-1BBL as the costimulatory molecules to enhance the TIL production from PDCA. However, stimulation with K562-based aAPC led to a rapid loss of specificity to mutant KRAS. To selectively expand neo-antigen-specific T cells, particularly mKRAS, from the TILs, we used tandem mini gene-modified autologous T cells (TMG-T) as the novel aAPC. Using this modified IVS protocol, we successfully generated TIL cultures specifically reactive to mKRAS (G12V). We believe that autologous TMG-T cells provide a reliable source of autologous APC to expand a rare population of neoantigen-specific T cells in TILs.
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16
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Zhang Y, Dai X, Li Z. Molecular subtypes of cuproptosis regulators and their correlation with clinical prognosis and immune response in glioma. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8085-8102. [PMID: 36505293 PMCID: PMC9730092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a newly described form of cell death. However, nothing is known about the roles of cuproptosis regulators in glioma. First, we explored the characteristics of cuproptosis molecular subtypes and relevant tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cell infiltration patterns in glioma. Using unsupervised clustering analysis, we identified two cuproptosis subtypes and three gene clusters that exhibited different clinical characteristics and TME cell infiltration patterns. Then, we developed and validated a cuproptosis-related prognostic model for predicting the overall survival of glioma patients. We established a risk score tool based on a nomogram to assess the clinical applicability of the cuproptosis model. A high cuproptosis risk score with high immune cell infiltration level, tumor mutation burden, gene alterations, and immunity activation had an unfavorable overall survival. Next, we identified possible competing endogenous ribonucleic acid regulatory networks based on significantly differentially expressed genes between high-risk and low-risk groups and screened several candidate small molecular compounds that may improve chemotherapy. Data from IMvigor and GSE78200 showed that the cuproptosis score affected the prognosis of patients who received immunotherapy. Our study indicated that cuproptosis regulators are involved in TME immune infiltration and impact the clinical prognosis in glioma. It is necessary for clinical practice to develop different therapeutic strategies according to the different phenotypes associated with immune response. The present findings provide new insight for improving immunotherapy strategies and individualized treatment in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuehui Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
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17
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Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy for Solid Tumor Treatment: Progressions and Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174160. [PMID: 36077696 PMCID: PMC9455018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, immunotherapy, especially cell-based immunotherapy, has provided new strategies for cancer therapy. Recent clinical studies demonstrated that adopting cell transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) for advanced solid tumors showed good efficacy. TIL therapy is a type of cell-based immunotherapy using the patient’s own immune cells from the microenvironment of the solid tumor to kill tumor cells. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current strategies and challenges in TIL isolation and generation. Moreover, the current clinical experience of TIL therapy is summarized and discussed, with an emphasis on lymphodepletion regimen, the use of interleukin-2, and related toxicity. Furthermore, we highlight the clinical trials where TIL therapy is used independently and in combination with other types of therapy for solid cancers. Finally, the limitations, future potential, and directions of TIL therapy for solid tumor treatment are also discussed.
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18
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Surgical Considerations for Tumor Tissue Procurement to Obtain Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Adoptive Cell Therapy. Cancer J 2022; 28:285-293. [PMID: 35880938 PMCID: PMC9335895 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), an investigational cellular therapy, has demonstrated antitumor efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors, including melanoma. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy involves surgical resection of a patient's tumor, ex vivo TIL expansion under conditions that overcome immunosuppressive responses elicited by the tumor and the tumor microenvironment, administration of a lymphodepleting regimen, and infusion of the final TIL cell therapy product back into the patient followed by interleukin 2 administration to support T-cell activity. The surgeon plays a central role in patient identification and tumor selection-steps that are critical for successful outcomes of TIL cell therapy. Commercialization of TIL cell therapy and its broader access to patients will require education and collaboration among surgeons, oncologists, and cellular therapists. This review highlights the unique role that surgeons will play in the implementation of TIL cell therapy and serves as a contemporary report of best practices for patient selection and tumor resection methods.
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19
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Nowroozi A, Khalili N, Razi S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Rezaei N. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for lung cancer and its future paradigms. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:735-745. [PMID: 35477305 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2072206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths contributing to this cancer in 2020. Despite advances in treatment options and various approaches being attempted, the survival rate remains low. AREAS COVERED In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the efficacy of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy for lung cancer based on existing clinical trials. We also discuss the current challenges and future landscape of this treatment modality. EXPERT OPINION Lung cancer can be a suitable candidate for TIL therapy due to its high mutational burden. Specifically, it has shown promising results for non-small cell lung cancer resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Still, there are many restrictions associated with the ex vivo expansion and delivery of TILs, limiting their availability. For this reason, applying TIL for the treatment of lung cancer has not been extensively investigated yet and only a few clinical trials have shown favorable results of TIL therapy in patients with lung cancer. Thus, facilitating this costly, labor-intensive and time-consuming process is of utmost importance to increase the number of performed studies and to detect eligible patients who could benefit most from this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nowroozi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Khalili
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Emerging Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081940. [PMID: 35454848 PMCID: PMC9024739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapy has shown clinical benefits in several solid cancers; still, glioblastoma remains very challenging to treat. Glioblastoma is the most frequent brain cancer and displays great heterogeneity. The standard of care has remained the same for over fifteen years, and to overcome the therapeutic limitations, emerging immune correlates of therapy responses and improved prognosis should be further developed for a more personalized therapy approach and increased clinical responses. Abstract Immunotherapy has shown clinical benefits in several solid malignancies—in particular, melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. However, in other solid tumours such as glioblastoma (GBM), the response to immunotherapy has been more variable, and except for anti-PD-1 for patients with microsatellite instable (MSI)+ cancers, no immunotherapy is currently approved for GBM patients. GBM is the most common and most aggressive brain cancer with a very poor prognosis and a median overall survival of 15 months. A few prognostic biomarkers have been identified and are used to some extent, but apart from MSI, no biomarkers are used for patient stratification for treatments other than the standard of care, which was established 15 years ago. Around 25% of new treatments investigated in GBM are immunotherapies. Recent studies indicate that the use of integrated and validated immune correlates predicting the response and guiding treatments could improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in GBM. In this review, we will give an overview of the current status of immunotherapy and biomarkers in use in GBM with the main challenges of treatment in this disease. We will also discuss emerging biomarkers that could be used in future immunotherapy strategies for patient stratification and potentially improved treatment efficacy.
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21
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Wu Z, Zheng Y, Sheng J, Han Y, Yang Y, Pan H, Yao J. CD3 +CD4 -CD8 - (Double-Negative) T Cells in Inflammation, Immune Disorders and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:816005. [PMID: 35222392 PMCID: PMC8866817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.816005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in shaping and controlling immune responses during immune disease and cancer development has been well established and used to achieve marked clinical benefits. CD3+CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T cells, although constituting a rare subset of peripheral T cells, are gaining interest for their roles in inflammation, immune disease and cancer. Herein, we comprehensively review the origin, distribution and functions of this unique T cell subgroup. First, we focused on characterizing multifunctional DN T cells in various immune responses. DN regulatory T cells have the capacity to prevent graft-versus-host disease and have therapeutic value for autoimmune disease. T helper-like DN T cells protect against or promote inflammation and virus infection depending on the specific settings and promote certain autoimmune disease. Notably, we clarified the role of DN tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and outlined the potential for malignant proliferation of DN T cells. Finally, we reviewed the recent advances in the applications of DN T cell-based therapy for cancer. In conclusion, a better understanding of the heterogeneity and functions of DN T cells may help to develop DN T cells as a potential therapeutic tool for inflammation, immune disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Sheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junlin Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Rozowsky JS, Meesters-Ensing JI, Lammers JAS, Belle ML, Nierkens S, Kranendonk MEG, Kester LA, Calkoen FG, van der Lugt J. A Toolkit for Profiling the Immune Landscape of Pediatric Central Nervous System Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864423. [PMID: 35464481 PMCID: PMC9022116 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) malignancies remains dismal due to limited treatment options, resulting in high mortality rates and long-term morbidities. Immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibition, cancer vaccines, engineered T cell therapies, and oncolytic viruses, have promising results in some hematological and solid malignancies, and are being investigated in clinical trials for various high-grade CNS malignancies. However, the role of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in CNS malignancies is mostly unknown for pediatric cases. In order to successfully implement immunotherapies and to eventually predict which patients would benefit from such treatments, in-depth characterization of the TIME at diagnosis and throughout treatment is essential. In this review, we provide an overview of techniques for immune profiling of CNS malignancies, and detail how they can be utilized for different tissue types and studies. These techniques include immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry for quantifying and phenotyping the infiltrating immune cells, bulk and single-cell transcriptomics for describing the implicated immunological pathways, as well as functional assays. Finally, we aim to describe the potential benefits of evaluating other compartments of the immune system implicated by cancer therapies, such as cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and how such liquid biopsies are informative when designing immune monitoring studies. Understanding and uniformly evaluating the TIME and immune landscape of pediatric CNS malignancies will be essential to eventually integrate immunotherapy into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Muriël L. Belle
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Friso G. Calkoen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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23
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Li S, Zhang N, Liu S, Zhang H, Liu J, Qi Y, Zhang Q, Li X. ITGA5 Is a Novel Oncogenic Biomarker and Correlates With Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:844144. [PMID: 35371978 PMCID: PMC8971292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.844144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most aggressive primary intracranial malignancies with poor overall survival. ITGA5 is one member of the integrin adhesion molecule family and is implicated in cancer metastasis and oncogenesis. However, few studies have explored the association between tumor immune microenvironment and ITGA5 expression level in gliomas. Firstly, we analyzed 3,047 glioma patient samples collected from the TCGA, the CGGA, and the GEO databases, proving that high ITGA5 expression positively related to aggressive clinicopathological features and poor survival in glioma patients. Then, based on the ITGA5 level, immunological characteristics and genomic alteration were explored through multiple algorithms. We observed that ITGA5 was involved in pivotal oncological pathways, immune-related processes, and distinct typical genomic alterations in gliomas. Notably, ITGA5 was found to engage in remolding glioma immune infiltration and immune microenvironment, manifested by higher immune cell infiltration when ITGA5 is highly expressed. We also demonstrated a strong correlation between ITGA5 and immune checkpoint molecules that may be beneficial from immune checkpoint blockade strategies. In addition, ITGA5 was found to be a robust and sensitive indicator for plenty of chemotherapy drugs through drug sensitivity prediction. Altogether, our comprehensive analyses deciphered the prognostic, immunological, and therapeutic value of ITGA5 in glioma, thus improving individual and precise therapy for combating gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- One-Third Lab, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiajing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingrui Li, ; Qi Zhang, ; Yiwei Qi,
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingrui Li, ; Qi Zhang, ; Yiwei Qi,
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xingrui Li, ; Qi Zhang, ; Yiwei Qi,
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24
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Luo XH, Poiret T, Liu Z, Meng Q, Nagchowdhury A, Ljungman P. Different recovery patterns of CMV-specific and WT1-specific T cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: Impact of CMV infection and leukemia relapse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027593. [PMID: 36824620 PMCID: PMC9941532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), both virus-specific T cells and leukemia-specific T cells need to be reconstituted to protect patients from virus infections and primary disease relapse. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allo-HSCT. Emerging data indicate that CMV reactivation is associated with reduced risk of leukemia relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing allo-HSCT. In a cohort of 24 WT1+ AML patients during the first year following HSCT, CMV specific CD8+ T cells (CMV-CTL) reconstituted much faster than WT1-specific CD8+ T cell (WT1-CTL) after allo-SCT. Moreover, CMV-CTL expressed lower levels of exhaustion markers and were more functional as identified by production of IFN-γ/TNF-α and expression of Eomes/T-bet. Interestingly, our patients with CMV reactivation presented higher frequency of CMV-CTL, lower levels of Eomes+T-bet- and higher levels of Eomes+T-bet+ expression in response to WT1 and CMV pp65 antigen during the first year after transplantation as compared to patients without CMV reactivation. Kinetics of CMV-CTL and WT1-CTL after transplantation might be associated with measurable residual disease and later leukemia relapse. Our results support that CMV reactivation, aside from the CMV-CTL reconstitution, could influence WT1-CTL reconstitution after allo-HSCT, thus potentially contributing to the remission/relapse of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Poiret
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingda Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Per Ljungman
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital and Division of Hematology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Kilian M, Bunse T, Wick W, Platten M, Bunse L. Genetically Modified Cellular Therapies for Malignant Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12810. [PMID: 34884607 PMCID: PMC8657496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive preclinical research on immunotherapeutic approaches, malignant glioma remains a devastating disease of the central nervous system for which standard of care treatment is still confined to resection and radiochemotherapy. For peripheral solid tumors, immune checkpoint inhibition has shown substantial clinical benefit, while promising preclinical results have yet failed to translate into clinical efficacy for brain tumor patients. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, tumor antigens and corresponding T cell receptors (TCR) and antibodies have been identified, leading to the development of chimeric antigen receptors (CAR), which are comprised of an extracellular antibody part and an intracellular T cell receptor signaling part, to genetically engineer T cells for antigen recognition. Due to efficacy in other tumor entities, a plethora of CARs has been designed and tested for glioma, with promising signs of biological activity. In this review, we describe glioma antigens that have been targeted using CAR T cells preclinically and clinically, review their drawbacks and benefits, and illustrate how the emerging field of transgenic TCR therapy can be used as a potent alternative for cell therapy of glioma overcoming antigenic limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kilian
- DKTK (German Cancer Consortium), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Bunse
- DKTK (German Cancer Consortium), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neurooncology, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- DKTK (German Cancer Consortium), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Immune Monitoring Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute of Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Bunse
- DKTK (German Cancer Consortium), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU), Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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26
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Zhang H, Wang Z, Dai Z, Wu W, Cao H, Li S, Zhang N, Cheng Q. Novel Immune Infiltrating Cell Signature Based on Cell Pair Algorithm Is a Prognostic Marker in Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694490. [PMID: 34594324 PMCID: PMC8476752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) have become an important source of markers for predicting the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. However, measurements of cellular heterogeneity vary due to the frequently updated reference genomes and gene annotations. In this study, we systematically collected and evaluated the infiltration pattern of 65 immune cells. We constructed the Immune Cell Pair (ICP) score based on the cell pair algorithm in 3,715 samples and across 12 independent cancer types, among which, the ICP score from six cancer types was further validated in 2,228 GEO samples. An extensive tumorigenic and immunogenomic analysis was subsequently conducted. As a result, the ICP score showed a robust reliability and efficacy in predicting the survival of patients with gliomas, in pan-cancer samples, and six independent cancer types. Notably, the ICP score was correlated with the genomic alteration features in gliomas. Moreover, the ICP score exhibited a remarkable association with multiple immunomodulators that could potentially mediate immune escape. Finally, the ICP score predicted immunotherapeutic responses with a high sensitivity, allowing a useful tool for predicting the overall survival and guiding immunotherapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wantao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- One-third Lab, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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27
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Kelly WJ, Giles AJ, Gilbert M. T lymphocyte-targeted immune checkpoint modulation in glioma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000379. [PMID: 32051289 PMCID: PMC7057419 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory therapies targeting inhibitory checkpoint molecules have revolutionized the treatment of solid tumor malignancies. Concerns about whether systemic administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor could impact primary brain tumors were answered with the observation of definitive responses in pediatric patients harboring hypermutated gliomas. Although initial clinical results in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) were disappointing, recently published results have demonstrated a potential survival benefit in patients with recurrent GBM treated with neoadjuvant programmed cell death protein 1 blockade. While these findings necessitate verification in subsequent studies, they support the possibility of achieving clinical meaningful immune responses in malignant primary brain tumors including GBM, a disease in dire need of additional therapeutic options. There are several challenges involved in treating glioma with immune checkpoint modulators including the immunosuppressive nature of GBM itself with high inhibitory checkpoint expression, the immunoselective blood brain barrier impairing the ability for peripheral lymphocytes to traffic to the tumor microenvironment and the high prevalence of corticosteroid use which suppress lymphocyte activation. However, by simultaneously targeting multiple costimulatory and inhibitory pathways, it may be possible to achieve an effective antitumoral immune response. To this end, there are now several novel agents targeting more recently uncovered “second generation” checkpoint molecules. Given the multiplicity of drugs being considered for combination regimens, an increased understanding of the mechanisms of action and resistance combined with more robust preclinical and early clinical testing will be needed to be able to adequately test these agents. This review summarizes our current understanding of T lymphocyte-modulating checkpoint molecules as it pertains to glioma with the hope for a renewed focus on the most promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber Jin Giles
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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28
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Lu YC, Zheng Z, Lowery FJ, Gartner JJ, Prickett TD, Robbins PF, Rosenberg SA. Direct identification of neoantigen-specific TCRs from tumor specimens by high-throughput single-cell sequencing. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002595. [PMID: 34321276 PMCID: PMC8320258 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recognition of neoantigens by T cells plays a major role in cancer immunotherapy. Identification of neoantigen-specific T-cell receptors (TCRs) has become a critical research tool for studying T cell-mediated responses after immunotherapy. In addition, neoantigen-specific TCRs can be used to modify the specificity of T cells for T cell-based therapies targeting tumor-specific mutations. Although several techniques have been developed to identify TCR sequences, these techniques still require a significant amount of labor, making them impractical in the clinical setting. Methods Thanks to the availability of high-throughput single-cell sequencing, we developed a new process to isolate neoantigen-specific TCR sequences. This process included the isolation of tumor-infiltrating T cells from a tumor specimen and the stimulation of T cells by neoantigen-loaded dendritic cells, followed by single-cell sequencing for TCR and T-cell activation markers, interferon-γ and interleukin-2. Results In this study, potential neoantigen-specific TCRs were isolated from three melanoma and three colorectal tumor specimens. These TCRs were then synthesized and transduced into autologous T cells, followed by testing the recognition of neoantigens. A total of 28 neoantigen-specific TCRs were identified by this process. If identical TCR sequences were detected from two or more single cells, this approach was highly reliable (100%, 19 out of 19 TCRs). Conclusion This single-cell approach provides an efficient process to isolate antigen-specific TCRs for research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chen Lu
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Zhili Zheng
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank J Lowery
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jared J Gartner
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd D Prickett
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul F Robbins
- Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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29
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Desbaillets N, Hottinger AF. Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma: A Clinical Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3721. [PMID: 34359621 PMCID: PMC8345081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and the most aggressive brain tumor. It is notoriously resistant to current treatments, and the prognosis remains dismal. Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of numerous cancer types and generate great hope for glioblastoma, alas without success until now. In this review, the rationale underlying immune targeting of glioblastoma, as well as the challenges faced when targeting these highly immunosuppressive tumors, are discussed. Innovative immune-targeting strategies including cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, checkpoint blockade inhibitors, adoptive cell transfer, and CAR T cells that have been investigated in glioblastoma are reviewed. From a clinical perspective, key clinical trial findings and ongoing trials are discussed for each approach. Finally, limitations, either biological or arising from trial designs are analyzed, and strategies to overcome them are presented. Proof of efficacy for immunotherapy approaches remains to be demonstrated in glioblastoma, but our rapidly expanding understanding of its biology, its immune microenvironment, and the emergence of novel promising combinatorial approaches might allow researchers to finally fulfill the medical need for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Desbaillets
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois & Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Andreas Felix Hottinger
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois & Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Recent Advances in Glioma Therapy: Combining Vascular Normalization and Immune Checkpoint Blockade. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153686. [PMID: 34359588 PMCID: PMC8345045 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) accounts for more than 50% of all primary malignancies of the brain. Current standard treatment regimen for GBM includes maximal surgical resection followed by radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, due to the heterogeneity of the tumor cells, tumor recurrence is often inevitable. The prognosis of patients with glioma is, thus, dismal. Glioma is a highly angiogenic tumor yet immunologically cold. As such, evolving studies have focused on designing strategies that specifically target the tyrosine kinase receptors of angiokines and encourage immune infiltration. Recent promising results from immunotherapies on other cancer types have prompted further investigations of this therapy in GBM. In this article, we reviewed the pathological angiogenesis and immune reactivity in glioma, as well as its target for drug development, and we discussed future directions in glioma therapy.
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31
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Leko V, Cafri G, Yossef R, Paria B, Hill V, Gurusamy D, Zheng Z, Gartner JJ, Prickett TD, Goff SL, Robbins P, Lu YC, Rosenberg SA. Identification of neoantigen-reactive T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of a patient with glioblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002882. [PMID: 34266885 PMCID: PMC8286793 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of naturally occurring T cells that recognize cancer neoantigens has led to durable tumor regressions in select patients with cancer. However, it remains unknown whether such T cells can be isolated from and used to treat patients with glioblastoma, a cancer that is refractory to currently available therapies. To answer this question, we stimulated patient blood-derived memory T cells in vitro using peptides and minigenes that represented point mutations unique to patients’ tumors (ie, candidate neoantigens) and then tested their ability to specifically recognize these mutations. In a cohort of five patients with glioblastoma, we found that circulating CD4+ memory T cells from one patient recognized a cancer neoantigen harboring a mutation in the EED gene (EEDH189N) that was unique to that patient’s tumor. This finding suggests that neoantigen-reactive T cells could indeed be isolated from patients with glioblastoma, thereby providing a rationale for further efforts to develop neoantigen-directed adoptive T cell therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Leko
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gal Cafri
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Rami Yossef
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Biman Paria
- Program Coordination and Referral Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria Hill
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Zhili Zheng
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jared J Gartner
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd D Prickett
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie L Goff
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul Robbins
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yong-Chen Lu
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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32
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ACT Up TIL Now: The Evolution of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Adoptive Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Solid Tumors. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1030012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decades of cancer immunotherapy research have provided profound evidence that the immune system is capable of inducing durable tumor regression. Although many commercialized anti-cancer immunotherapies are available to patients, these treatment options only scrape the surface of the potential immune-related treatment possibilities for cancer. Additionally, many individuals are ineligible for established immunotherapies due to their cancer type. The adoptive cell transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been used in humans for over 30 years to treat metastatic melanoma, and continued modifications are making it increasingly more effective against other types of cancer. This comprehensive review outlines this therapy from its infancy through to the present day, bringing to light modifications and optimizations to the traditional workflow, as well as highlighting the influence of new methods and technologies.
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33
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Kim AR, Choi KS, Kim MS, Kim KM, Kang H, Kim S, Chowdhury T, Yu HJ, Lee CE, Lee JH, Lee ST, Won JK, Kim JW, Kim YH, Kim TM, Park SH, Choi SH, Shin EC, Park CK. Absolute quantification of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in high-grade glioma identifies prognostic and radiomics values. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1995-2008. [PMID: 33416947 PMCID: PMC10991432 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the tumor immune microenvironment precisely, it is important to secure the quantified data of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, since the immune cells are true working unit. We analyzed unit immune cell number per unit volume of core tumor tissue of high-grade gliomas (HGG) to correlate their immune microenvironment characteristics with clinical prognosis and radiomic signatures. METHODS The number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells from 64 HGG core tissue were analyzed using flow cytometry and standardized. After sorting out patient groups according to diverse immune characteristics, the groups were tested if they have any clinical prognostic relevance and specific radiomic signature relationships. Sparse partial least square with discriminant analysis using multimodal magnetic resonance images was employed for all radiomic classifications. RESULTS The median number of CD45 + cells per one gram of HGG core tissue counted 865,770 cells which was equivalent to 8.0% of total cells including tumor cells. There was heterogeneity in the distribution of immune cell subpopulations among patients. Overall survival was significantly better in T cell-deficient group than T cell-enriched group (p = 0.019), and T8 dominant group than T4 dominant group (p = 0.023). The number of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and M2-TAM was significantly decreased in isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated HGG. Radiomic signature classification showed good performance in predicting immune phenotypes especially with features extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient maps. CONCLUSIONS Absolute quantification of tumor-infiltrating immune cells confirmed the heterogeneity of immune microenvironment in HGG which harbors prognostic impact. This immune microenvironment could be predicted by radiomic signatures non-invasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reum Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kyu Sung Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Ho Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Sojin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Tamrin Chowdhury
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Chae Eun Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Soon-Tae Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Won
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hwy Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Ito T, Kawai Y, Yasui Y, Iriguchi S, Minagawa A, Ishii T, Miyoshi H, Taketo MM, Kawada K, Obama K, Sakai Y, Kaneko S. The therapeutic potential of multiclonal tumoricidal T cells derived from tumor infiltrating lymphocyte-1derived iPS cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:694. [PMID: 34099861 PMCID: PMC8184746 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), which include tumor-specific T lymphocytes with frequency, are used for adoptive cell transfer therapy (ACT) in clinical practice. The optimization of TIL preparation has been investigated to reduce the senescence and increase the abundance of TIL, as both the quality and quantity of the transferred cells have great influence on the outcome of TIL-based ACT (TIL-ACT). Considering the effects of cell reprogramming on senescence, we expected that the anti-tumor effect could be enhanced by TIL regeneration. To confirm this hypothesis, we established tumor-specific TIL-derived iPS cells (TIL-iPSC) with human colorectal cancer specimens. T cells differentiated from TIL-iPSC (TIL-iPS-T) retained not only intrinsic T cell functions and tumor specificity, but also exhibited improved proliferation capacity and additional killing activity. Moreover, less differentiated profiles and prolonged persistency were seen in TIL-iPS-T compared with primary cells. Our findings imply that iPSC technology has great potential for TIL-ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ito
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawai
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Thyas Co. Ltd., Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoichi Iriguchi
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsutaka Minagawa
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishii
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Obama
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Fudegasaki-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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De Martino M, Padilla O, Daviaud C, Wu CC, Gartrell RD, Vanpouille-Box C. Exploiting Radiation Therapy to Restore Immune Reactivity of Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:671044. [PMID: 34094969 PMCID: PMC8173136 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.671044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most aggressive of brain tumors and confers a dismal prognosis despite advances in surgical technique, radiation delivery methods, chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields. While immunotherapy (IT) has improved the care of several adult cancers with previously dismal prognoses, monotherapy with IT in GBM has shown minimal response in first recurrence. Recent discoveries in lymphatics and evaluation of blood brain barrier offer insight to improve the use of ITs and determine the best combinations of therapies, including radiation. We highlight important features of the tumor immune microenvironment in GBM and potential for combining radiation and immunotherapy to improve prognosis in this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara De Martino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Oscar Padilla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Camille Daviaud
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robyn D Gartrell
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/SCT, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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Lei J, Zhou MH, Zhang FC, Wu K, Liu SW, Niu HQ. Interferon regulatory factor transcript levels correlate with clinical outcomes in human glioma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12086-12098. [PMID: 33902005 PMCID: PMC8109055 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Members of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) gene family are crucial regulators of type I interferon signaling, which may play a role in the resistance of glioma to immune checkpoint blockade. However, the expression profiles, potential functions, and clinical significance of IRF family members remain largely unknown. Here, we examined IRF transcript levels and clinicopathological data from glioma patients using several bioinformatic databases, including ONCOMINE, GEPIA, TCGA, and cBioPortal. We found that IRF1, IRF2, IRF5, IRF8 and IRF9 were significantly upregulated in glioma compared to normal brain tissue. Higher IRF1, IRF2, IRF3, IRF4, IRF5, IRF7, IRF8 and IRF9 mRNA levels correlated with more advanced tumor grades and poorer outcomes. Moreover, although IRFs mutation rates were low (ranging from 0.5% to 2.3%) in glioma patients, genetic alterations in IRFs were associated with more favorable patient survival. Functional analysis showed that IRFs participated in glioma pathology mainly through multiple inflammation- and immunity-related pathways. Additionally, correlations were identified between IRFs and infiltration of immune cells within glioma tissues. Collectively, these results indicate that IRF family members, including IRF1, IRF2, IRF5, IRF8 and IRF9, may serve as prognostic biomarkers and indicators of immune status in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fu-Chi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Quan Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Nguyen HM, Guz-Montgomery K, Lowe DB, Saha D. Pathogenetic Features and Current Management of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040856. [PMID: 33670551 PMCID: PMC7922739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of primary malignant brain tumor with a devastatingly poor prognosis. The disease does not discriminate, affecting adults and children of both sexes, and has an average overall survival of 12-15 months, despite advances in diagnosis and rigorous treatment with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical resection. In addition, most survivors will eventually experience tumor recurrence that only imparts survival of a few months. GBM is highly heterogenous, invasive, vascularized, and almost always inaccessible for treatment. Based on all these outstanding obstacles, there have been tremendous efforts to develop alternative treatment options that allow for more efficient targeting of the tumor including small molecule drugs and immunotherapies. A number of other strategies in development include therapies based on nanoparticles, light, extracellular vesicles, and micro-RNA, and vessel co-option. Advances in these potential approaches shed a promising outlook on the future of GBM treatment. In this review, we briefly discuss the current understanding of adult GBM's pathogenetic features that promote treatment resistance. We also outline novel and promising targeted agents currently under development for GBM patients during the last few years with their current clinical status.
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Chen Y, Hou S, Jiang R, Sun J, Cheng C, Qian Z. EZH2 is a potential prognostic predictor of glioma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:925-936. [PMID: 33277782 PMCID: PMC7812280 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) is a histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferase that promotes tumorigenesis in a variety of human malignancies by altering the expression of tumour suppressor genes. To evaluate the prognostic value of EZH2 in glioma, we analysed gene expression data and corresponding clinicopathological information from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, the Cancer Genome Atlas and GTEx. Increased expression of EZH2 was significantly associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival as evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed an association of EZH2 expression with the cell cycle, DNA replication, mismatch repair, p53 signalling and pyrimidine metabolism. We constructed a nomogram for prognosis prediction with EZH2, clinicopathologic variables and significantly correlated genes. EZH2 was demonstrated to be significantly associated with several immune checkpoints and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE and Timer Database scores indicated correlation of EZH2 expression with a more immunosuppressive microenvironment for glioblastoma than for low grade glioma. Overall, our study demonstrates that expression of EZH2 is a potential prognostic molecular marker of poor survival in glioma and identifies signalling pathways and immune checkpoints regulated by EHZ2, suggesting a direction for future application of immune therapy in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐nan Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shi‐qiang Hou
- Department of NeurosurgeryChuzhou Clinical College of Anhui Medical UniversityThe First People's Hospital ChuzhouChuzhouChina
| | - Rui Jiang
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair and Department of NeurosurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jun‐long Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji HosipitalShanghaiChina
| | - Chuan‐dong Cheng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Zhong‐run Qian
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineHefeiChina
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Luo XH, Zhu Y, Mao J, Du RC. T cell immunobiology and cytokine storm of COVID-19. Scand J Immunol 2020; 93:e12989. [PMID: 33113222 PMCID: PMC7645942 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) presents as a newly recognized pneumonia and could rapidly progress into acute respiratory distress syndrome which has brought about a global pandemic. Until now, no curative therapy has been strongly recommended for COVID-19 except for personalized supportive care. T cells and virus-specific T cells are essential to protect against virus infection, including COVID-19. Delayed immune reconstitution (IR) and cytokine storm (CS) remain serious obstacles for the cure of COVID-19. Most COVID-19 patients, especially among elderly patients, had marked lymphopenia and increased neutrophils, but T cell counts in severe COVID-19 patients surviving the disease gradually restored later. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6, IL-10, IL-2 and IL-17, and exhausted T cells are found in peripheral blood and the lungs. It suggests that Thymosin α1 and adoptive COVID-19-specific T cells could improve IR, while convalescent plasma, IL-6 blockade, mesenchymal stem cells and corticosteroids could suppress CS. More clinical studies in this field worldwide are urgently warranted to pave the way for therapy of COVID-19 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui-Chan Du
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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40
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Luo XH, Meng Q, Liu Z, Paraschoudi G. Generation of high-affinity CMV-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy using IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21. Clin Immunol 2020; 217:108456. [PMID: 32376504 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a life-threatening condition in individuals with a suppressed immune system. CMV may also represent a clinically relevant target for immune responses in CMV-positive malignancies. We established a protocol to expand CMV-specific T cells (CMV-T) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs from 16 HLA-A*0201 donors were cultured with a cytokine cocktail comprising IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 along with overlapping peptides from CMV-pp65. Ten days later, T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 (OKT3) and irradiated autologous PBMCs. CMV-T were detected by HLA-A*0201 CMV-pp65NLVPMVATV wild type and q226a mutant tetramers (for high-affinity T cells), intracellular cytokine staining, a CD107a mobilization assays as well as IFN-γ and TNF-α production in cell culture supernatants. We reliably obtained 50.25 ± 27.27% of CD8+ and 22.08 ± 21.83% of CD4+ T cells post-CMV-pp65 stimulation of PBMCs with a Th1-polarized phenotype and decreased Th2/Th17 responses. Most CD3 + CD8 + tetramer+ T cells were effector-memory cells, particularly among high-affinity CMV-T (q226a CMV-tetramer+). High-affinity CMV-T cells, compared to WT-tetramer+ cells, expressed higher IL-21R and lower FasL post-stimulation with CMV-pp65. The IL-2/IL-15/IL-21 cocktail also promoted CCR6 and CXCR3 expression necessary for T-cell migration into tissues. We have optimized methods for generating high-affinity CMV-specific T cells that can be used for adoptive cellular therapy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Luo
- Therapeutic immunology unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qingda Meng
- Therapeutic immunology unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Therapeutic immunology unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgia Paraschoudi
- Therapeutic immunology unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Weenink B, French PJ, Sillevis Smitt PA, Debets R, Geurts M. Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma: Current Shortcomings and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E751. [PMID: 32235752 PMCID: PMC7140029 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are aggressive, fast-growing primary brain tumors. After standard-of-care treatment with radiation in combination with temozolomide, the overall prognosis of newly diagnosed patients remains poor, with a 2-year survival rate of less than 20%. The remarkable survival benefit gained with immunotherapy in several extracranial tumor types spurred a variety of experimental intervention studies in glioblastoma patients. These ranged from immune checkpoint inhibition to vaccinations and adoptive T cell therapies. Unfortunately, almost all clinical outcomes were universally disappointing. In this perspective, we provide an overview of immune interventions performed to date in glioblastoma patients and re-evaluate their performance. We argue that shortcomings of current immune therapies in glioblastoma are related to three major determinants of resistance, namely: low immunogenicity; immune privilege of the central nervous system; and immunosuppressive micro-environment. In this perspective, we propose strategies that are guided by exact shortcomings to sensitize glioblastoma prior to treatment with therapies that enhance numbers and/or activation state of CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Weenink
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Be430A, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim J. French
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Be430A, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A.E. Sillevis Smitt
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Be430A, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Geurts
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Be430A, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wang J, Shen F, Yao Y, Wang LL, Zhu Y, Hu J. Adoptive Cell Therapy: A Novel and Potential Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:59. [PMID: 32083009 PMCID: PMC7005203 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with very poor prognosis and few advances in its treatment. Recently, fast-growing cancer immunotherapy provides a glimmer of hope for GBM treatment. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) aims at infusing immune cells with direct anti-tumor activity, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) transfer and genetically engineered T cells transfer. For example, complete regressions in patients with melanoma and refractory lymphoma have been shown by using naturally tumor-reactive T cells and genetically engineered T cells expressing the chimeric anti-CD19 receptor, respectively. Recently, the administration of ACT showed therapeutic potentials for GBM treatment as well. In this review, we summarize the success of ACT in the treatment of cancer and provide approaches to overcome some challenges of ACT to allow its adoption for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery's Spine Division, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Xu B, Yuan L, Chen G, Li T, Zhou J, Zhang C, Qin P, Muthana MM, Wang S, Du X, Gao Q. S-15 in combination of Akt inhibitor promotes the expansion of CD45RA -CCR7 + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with high cytotoxic potential and downregulating PD-1 +Tim-3 + cells as well as regulatory T cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:322. [PMID: 31827396 PMCID: PMC6889332 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (Tils) immunotherapy is a promising treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer. Although Tils treatment has shown great promise, their persistence and the efficacy after adoptive-transfer are insufficient and remain a challenge. Studies have demonstrated that IL-15 and Akt inhibitor can regulate T cell differentiation and memory. Here, we constructed S-15 (Super human IL-15), a fusion protein consisting of human IL-15, the sushi domain of the IL-15 receptor α chain and human IgG-Fc. Herein we compared the effects of S-15 with IL-2 or in combination with Akti on the expansion and activation of Tils. Methods Hepatocellular cancer tissues were obtained from 6 patients, Tils were expanded using IL-2, IL-2/S-15, IL-2/Akti or in combination IL-2/S-15/Akti. At day 10, anti-CD3 antibody was added to the culture media and expanded to day 25. The composition, exhaustion and T-cell differentiation markers (CD45RA/CCR7) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results We found that IL-2/S-15/Akti expanded Tils and showed the highest percentage of central memory CD45RA-CCR7+ phenotype prior to anti-CD3 antibody activation and after anti-CD3 antibody activation. T cells cultured with IL-2/S-15/Akti exhibited a mixture of CD4+, CD8+, and CD3+CD4-CD8- T cells; S-15 in combination with Akt inhibitor downregulated the expression of PD-1+Tim-3+ on Tils and decreased the Tregs in Tils. Additionally, the Tils expanded in the presence of the Akt inhibitor and S-15 showed enhanced antitumor activity as indicated by the increase in IFN-γ producing tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and without comprising the Tils expansion. Conclusion Our study elucidates that IL-2/S-15/Akti expanded Tils and represent a viable source for the cellular therapy for patients with hepatocellular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benling Xu
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yuan
- 2Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Tiepeng Li
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxue Zhou
- 3Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Qin
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- 4Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Shengdian Wang
- 5CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexiang Du
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Quanli Gao
- 1Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan People's Republic of China
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44
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Zhai Y, Li G, Jiang T, Zhang W. CAR-armed cell therapy for gliomas. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2554-2566. [PMID: 31911846 PMCID: PMC6943349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-armed cell therapy has developed rapidly in recent years, especially in the treatment of leukemia. However, the treatment methods for solid tumors represented by glioma have not achieved the ideal therapeutic effect. This situation necessitates learning from chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) treatment in other malignancies and discovering the differences between gliomas and other solid tumors. The current design idea is to enhance the targeting, regulatory effects, and adaptation of CAR-armed cells. This review traced not only clinical trials, but also several animal experiments, which might promote the development of CAR-T treatment in glioma. Furthermore, we have discussed the obstacles to CAR-T in the treatment of glioma and the current possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhai
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA) and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network (AGGA)Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhang Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA) and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network (AGGA)Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA) and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network (AGGA)Beijing, China
- Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network (CGGA) and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network (AGGA)Beijing, China
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45
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Dafni U, Michielin O, Lluesma SM, Tsourti Z, Polydoropoulou V, Karlis D, Besser MJ, Haanen J, Svane IM, Ohashi PS, Kammula US, Orcurto A, Zimmermann S, Trueb L, Klebanoff CA, Lotze MT, Kandalaft LE, Coukos G. Efficacy of adoptive therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and recombinant interleukin-2 in advanced cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1902-1913. [PMID: 31566658 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been tested in advanced melanoma patients at various centers. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess its efficacy on previously treated advanced metastatic cutaneous melanoma. The PubMed electronic database was searched from inception to 17 December 2018 to identify studies administering TIL-ACT and recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) following non-myeloablative chemotherapy in previously treated metastatic melanoma patients. Objective response rate (ORR) was the primary end point. Secondary end points were complete response rate (CRR), overall survival (OS), duration of response (DOR) and toxicity. Pooled estimates were derived from fixed or random effect models, depending on the amount of heterogeneity detected. Analysis was carried out separately for high dose (HD) and low dose (LD) IL-2. Sensitivity analyses were carried out. Among 1211 records screened, 13 studies (published 1988 - 2016) were eligible for meta-analysis. Among 410 heavily pretreated patients (some with brain metastasis), 332 received HD-IL-2 and 78 LD-IL-2. The pooled overall ORR estimate was 41% [95% confidence interval (CI) 35% to 48%], and the overall CRR was 12% (95% CI 7% to 16%). For the HD-IL-2 group, the ORR was 43% (95% CI 36% to 50%), while for the LD-IL-2 it was 35% (95% CI 25% to 45%). Corresponding pooled estimates for CRR were 14% (95% CI 7% to 20%) and 7% (95% CI 1% to 12%). The majority of HD-IL-2 complete responders (27/28) remained in remission during the extent of follow-up after CR (median 40 months). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Higher number of infused cells was associated with a favorable response. The ORR for HD-IL-2 compared favorably with the nivolumab/ipilimumab combination following anti-PD-1 failure. TIL-ACT therapy, especially when combined with HD-IL-2, achieves durable clinical benefit and warrants further investigation. We discuss the current position of TIL-ACT in the therapy of advanced melanoma, particularly in the era of immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and review future opportunities for improvement of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Dafni
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - O Michielin
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Martin Lluesma
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Z Tsourti
- Scientific Research Consulting Hellas, Statistics Center, Athens
| | - V Polydoropoulou
- Scientific Research Consulting Hellas, Statistics Center, Athens
| | - D Karlis
- Department of Statistics, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece
| | - M J Besser
- Ella Institute for the Treatment and Research of Melanoma and Skin Cancer, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I-M Svane
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - P S Ohashi
- Department of Immunology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - U S Kammula
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh
| | - A Orcurto
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Zimmermann
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Trueb
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C A Klebanoff
- Center for Cell Engineering and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - M T Lotze
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - L E Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Coukos
- Department of Oncology, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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46
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Brown MP, Ebert LM, Gargett T. Clinical chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy: a new and promising treatment modality for glioblastoma. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e1050. [PMID: 31139410 PMCID: PMC6526894 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is now approved in the United States and Europe as a standard treatment for relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. It has also been approved recently by the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia and may soon be publicly reimbursed. This advance has accentuated scientific, clinical and commercial interest in adapting this exciting technology for the treatment of solid cancers where it is widely recognised that the challenges of overcoming a hostile tumor microenvironment are most acute. Indeed, CAR-T cell technology may be of the greatest value for those cancers that lack pre-existing immunity because they are immunologically 'cold', or have a low somatic tumor mutation load, or both. These cancers are generally not amenable to therapeutic immune checkpoint blockade, but CAR-T cell therapy may be effective because it provides an abundant supply of autologous tumor-specific T cells. This is achieved by using genetic engineering to re-direct autologous T-cell cytotoxicity towards a tumor-associated antigen, bypassing endogenous T-cell requirements for antigen processing, MHC-dependent antigen presentation and co-stimulation. One of the most challenging solid cancers is glioblastoma, which has among the least permissive immunological milieu of any cancer, and which is almost always fatal. Here, we argue that CAR-T cell technology may counter some glioblastoma defences and provide a beachhead for furthering our eventual therapeutic aims of restoring effective antitumor immunity. Although clinical investigation of CAR-T cell therapy for glioblastoma is at an early stage, we discuss three recently published studies, which feature significant differences in target antigen, CAR-T cell phenotype, route of administration and tumor response. We discuss the lessons, which may be learned from these studies and which may guide further progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Brown
- Translational Oncology Laboratory Centre for Cancer Biology University of South Australia and SA Pathology Adelaide SA Australia.,Cancer Clinical Trials Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide SA Australia.,School of Medicine University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lisa M Ebert
- Translational Oncology Laboratory Centre for Cancer Biology University of South Australia and SA Pathology Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Tessa Gargett
- Translational Oncology Laboratory Centre for Cancer Biology University of South Australia and SA Pathology Adelaide SA Australia
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47
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Lérias JR, Paraschoudi G, Silva I, Martins J, de Sousa E, Condeço C, Figueiredo N, Carvalho C, Dodoo E, Jäger E, Rao M, Maeurer M. Clinically Relevant Immune Responses against Cytomegalovirus: Implications for Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081986. [PMID: 31018546 PMCID: PMC6514820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses to human cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be used to assess immune fitness in an individual. Further to its clinical significance in posttransplantation settings, emerging clinical and translational studies provide examples of immune correlates of protection pertaining to anti-CMV immune responses in the context of cancer or infectious diseases, e.g., tuberculosis. In this viewpoint, we provide a brief overview about CMV-directed immune reactivity and immune fitness in a clinical context and incorporate some of our own findings obtained from peripheral blood or tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from patients with advanced cancer. Observations in patients with solid cancers whose lesions contain both CMV and tumour antigen-specific T-cell subsets are highlighted, due to a possible CMV-associated “bystander” effect in amplifying local inflammation and subsequent tumour rejection. The role of tumour-associated antibodies recognising diverse CMV-derived epitopes is also discussed in light of anti-cancer immune responses. We discuss here the use of anti-CMV immune responses as a theranostic tool—combining immunodiagnostics with a personalised therapeutic potential—to improve treatment outcomes in oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana R Lérias
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Georgia Paraschoudi
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Inês Silva
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - João Martins
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Eric de Sousa
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Condeço
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Figueiredo
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Carvalho
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ernest Dodoo
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, 60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Elke Jäger
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, 60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Martin Rao
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Markus Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Av. Brasília, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, 60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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48
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Sevenich L. Turning "Cold" Into "Hot" Tumors-Opportunities and Challenges for Radio-Immunotherapy Against Primary and Metastatic Brain Cancers. Front Oncol 2019; 9:163. [PMID: 30941312 PMCID: PMC6433980 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of immunotherapies has revolutionized intervention strategies for a variety of primary cancers. Despite this promising progress, treatment options for primary brain cancer and brain metastasis remain limited and still largely depend on surgical resection, radio- and/or chemotherapy. The paucity in the successful development of immunotherapies for brain cancers can in part be attributed to the traditional view of the brain as an immunologically privileged site. The presence of the blood-brain barrier and the absence of lymphatic drainage were believed to restrict the entry of blood-borne immune and inflammatory cells into the central nervous system (CNS), leading to an exclusion of the brain from systemic immune surveillance. However, recent insight from pre-clinical and clinical studies on the immune landscape of brain cancers challenged this dogma. Recruitment of blood-borne immune cells into the CNS provides unprecedented opportunities for the development of tumor microenvironment (TME)-targeted or immunotherapies against primary and metastatic cancers. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that in addition to genotoxic effects, ionizing radiation represents a critical modulator of tumor-associated inflammation and synergizes with immunotherapies in adjuvant settings. This review summarizes current knowledge on the cellular and molecular identity of tumor-associated immune cells in primary and metastatic brain cancers and discusses underlying mechanisms by which ionizing radiation modulates the immune response. Detailed mechanistic insight into the effects of radiation on the unique immune landscape of brain cancers is essential for the development of multimodality intervention strategies in which immune-modulatory effects of radiotherapy are exploited to sensitize brain cancers to immunotherapies by converting immunologically “cold” into “hot” environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sevenich
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
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49
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Fang L, Ly D, Wang SS, Lee JB, Kang H, Xu H, Yao J, Tsao MS, Liu W, Zhang L. Targeting late-stage non-small cell lung cancer with a combination of DNT cellular therapy and PD-1 checkpoint blockade. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:123. [PMID: 30857561 PMCID: PMC6413451 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Though immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) against PD-1 has shown success in the treatment of lung cancer, not all patients respond. We have previously shown that adoptive transfer of double negative T (DNT) cells expanded from healthy donors can target leukemia but their role in treating established lung cancer is not clear. Here we explore the role of human DNT cells in targeting late-stage established lung cancer either alone or in combination with Nivolumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) and describe underlying mechanisms. Methods DNT cells from resected lung cancer tissue of patients were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine their infiltration and PD-1 expression. Expansion capacity and anti-tumor function of lung cancer patient and healthy donor DNT cells were compared. Late-stage lung cancer xenograft models were developed to determine the anti-tumor effect of DNT cells alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody, and the level of tumor-infiltrating DNT cells was quantified by histology and characterized by flow cytometry. Results Patient-derived tumor infiltrating lymphocytes contained a lower frequency of DNT cells with a higher expression of PD-1 relative to normal lung tissue. Ex vivo expanded patient- and healthy donor-derived DNT cells showed similar levels of cytotoxicity against lung cancer cells in vitro. Healthy donor-derived DNT cells significantly inhibited the growth of late-stage lung cancer xenografts, which was further augmented by anti-PD-1 through increased DNT cell tumor infiltration. Conclusion This study supports the use of DNT cells for adoptive cellular therapy against lung cancer either alone or in combination with anti-PD-1. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1126-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dalam Ly
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Si-Si Wang
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jong Bok Lee
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hyeonjeong Kang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junlin Yao
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Present address: Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Toronto General Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, 101 College St. Rm 2-807, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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50
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Smith JR, Pe'er J, Belfort RN, Cardoso F, Carvajal RD, Carvalho C, Coupland SE, Desjardins L, Francis JH, Gallie BL, Gombos DS, Grossniklaus HE, Heegaard S, Jager MJ, Kaliki S, Ksander BR, Maeurer M, Moreno E, Pulido JS, Ryll B, Singh AD, Zhao J, Parreira A, Wilson DJ, O'Brien JM. Proceedings of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology and Champalimaud Foundation Ocular Oncogenesis and Oncology Conference. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:9. [PMID: 30652059 PMCID: PMC6333107 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2018 Ocular Oncogenesis and Oncology Conference was held through a partnership of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) and the Champalimaud Foundation. Twenty-one experts from international ocular oncology centers, from the Champalimaud Clinical Centre and the Champalimaud Foundation Cancer Research Program, and from patient advocacy organizations, delivered lectures on subjects that ranged from global ocular oncology, to basic research in mechanisms of ocular malignancy, to clinical research in ocular cancers, and to anticipated future developments in the area. The scientific program of the conference covered a broad range of ocular tumors-including uveal melanoma, retinoblastoma, ocular surface tumors, and adnexal and intraocular lymphomas-and pathogenesis and management were deliberated in the context of the broader systemic cancer discipline. In considering the latest basic and clinical research developments in ocular oncogenesis and oncology, and providing the opportunity for cross-talk between ocular cancer biologists, systemic cancer biologists, ocular oncologists, systemic oncologists, patients, and patient advocates, the forum generated new knowledge and novel insights for the field. This report summarizes the content of the invited talks at the 2018 ARVO-Champalimaud Foundation Ocular Oncogenesis and Oncology Conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine R. Smith
- Eye & Vision Health, Flinders University College of Medicine & Public Health, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jacob Pe'er
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rubens N. Belfort
- Ophthalmology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fatima Cardoso
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Richard D. Carvajal
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos Carvalho
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sarah E. Coupland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool and Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jasmine H. Francis
- Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brenda L. Gallie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, SickKids Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dan S. Gombos
- Section of Ophthalmology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hans E. Grossniklaus
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Swathi Kaliki
- Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bruce R. Ksander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Moreno
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jose S. Pulido
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bettina Ryll
- Melanoma Patient Network Europe, Knivsta, Sweden
| | - Arun D. Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Junyang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - António Parreira
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - David J. Wilson
- Casey Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joan M. O'Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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