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Onkhonova G, Gudymo A, Kosenko M, Marchenko V, Ryzhikov A. Quantitative measurement of influenza virus transmission in animal model: an overview of current state. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1359-1366. [PMID: 37975001 PMCID: PMC10643727 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus transmission is a crucial factor in understanding the spread of the virus within populations and developing effective control strategies. Studying the transmission patterns of influenza virus allows for better risk assessment and prediction of disease outbreaks. By monitoring the spread of the virus and identifying high-risk populations and geographic areas, it is possible to allocate resources more effectively, implement timely interventions, and provide targeted healthcare interventions to diminish the burden of influenza virus on vulnerable populations. Theoretical models of virus transmission are used to study and simulate of influenza virus spread within populations. These models aim to capture the complex dynamics of transmission, including factors such as population size, contact patterns, infectiousness, and susceptibility. Animal models serve as valuable tools for studying the dynamics of influenza virus transmission. This article presents a brief overview of existing research on the qualitative and quantitative study of influenza virus transmission in animal models. We discuss the methodologies employed, key insights gained from these studies, and their relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Onkhonova
- Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
| | - Andrei Gudymo
- Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
| | - Maksim Kosenko
- Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
| | - Vasiliy Marchenko
- Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
| | - Alexander Ryzhikov
- Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Russia
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2
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Chuprin J, Buettner H, Seedhom MO, Greiner DL, Keck JG, Ishikawa F, Shultz LD, Brehm MA. Humanized mouse models for immuno-oncology research. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:192-206. [PMID: 36635480 PMCID: PMC10593256 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment paradigm for many malignancies and is transforming the drug development landscape. Although immunotherapeutic agents have demonstrated clinical efficacy, they are associated with variable clinical responses, and substantial gaps remain in our understanding of their mechanisms of action and specific biomarkers of response. Currently, the number of preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate interactions between the human immune system and tumours and enable evaluation of human-specific immunotherapies in vivo is limited. Humanized mice, a term that refers to immunodeficient mice co-engrafted with human tumours and immune components, provide several advantages for immuno-oncology research. In this Review, we discuss the benefits and challenges of the currently available humanized mice, including specific interactions between engrafted human tumours and immune components, the development and survival of human innate immune populations in these mice, and approaches to study mice engrafted with matched patient tumours and immune cells. We highlight the latest advances in the generation of humanized mouse models, with the aim of providing a guide for their application to immuno-oncology studies with potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Chuprin
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Buettner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mina O Seedhom
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dale L Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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3
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Comparing Current and Next-generation Humanized Mouse Models for Advancing HIV and HIV/Mtb Co-infection Studies. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091927. [PMID: 36146734 PMCID: PMC9500899 DOI: 10.3390/v14091927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In people living with HIV, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the major cause of death. Due to the increased morbidity/mortality in co-infection, further research is urgently required. A limiting factor to research in HIV and HIV/Mtb co-infection is the lack of accessible in vivo models. Next-generation humanized mice expressing HLA transgenes report improved human immune reconstitution and functionality, which may better recapitulate human disease. This study compares well-established huNRG mice and next-generation HLA I/II-transgenic (huDRAG-A2) mice for immune reconstitution, disease course, and pathology in HIV and TB. HuDRAG-A2 mice have improved engraftment of key immune cell types involved in HIV and TB disease. Upon intravaginal HIV-1 infection, both models developed significant HIV target cell depletion in the blood and tissues. Upon intranasal Mtb infection, both models sustained high bacterial load within the lungs and tissue dissemination. Some huDRAG-A2 granulomas appeared more classically organized, characterized by focal central necrosis, multinucleated giant cells, and foamy macrophages surrounded by a halo of CD4+ T cells. HIV/Mtb co-infection in huNRG mice trended towards worsened TB pathology and showed potential for modeling co-infection. Both huNRG and huDRAG-A2 mice are viable options for investigating HIV and TB, but the huDRAG-A2 model may offer advantages.
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Brumeanu TD, Vir P, Karim AF, Kar S, Benetiene D, Lok M, Greenhouse J, Putmon-Taylor T, Kitajewski C, Chung KK, Pratt KP, Casares SA. Human-Immune-System (HIS) humanized mouse model (DRAGA: HLA-A2.HLA-DR4.Rag1KO.IL-2RγcKO.NOD) for COVID-19. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2048622. [PMID: 35348437 PMCID: PMC9225593 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2048622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a Human Immune System (HIS)-humanized mouse model ("DRAGA": HLA-A2.HLA-DR4.Rag1KO.IL-2 RγcKO.NOD) for COVID-19 research. DRAGA mice express transgenically HLA-class I and class-II molecules in the mouse thymus to promote human T cell development and human B cell Ig-class switching. When infused with human hematopoietic stem cells from cord blood reconstitute a functional human immune system, as well as human epi/endothelial cells in lung and upper respiratory airways expressing the human ACE2 receptor for SARS-CoV-2. The DRAGA mice were able to sustain SARS-CoV-2 infection for at least 25 days. Infected mice showed replicating virus in the lungs, deteriorating clinical condition, and human-like lung immunopathology including human lymphocyte infiltrates, microthrombi and pulmonary sequelae. Among the intra-alveolar and peri-bronchiolar lymphocyte infiltrates, human lung-resident (CD103+) CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were sequestered in epithelial (CD326+) lung niches and secreted granzyme B and perforin, suggesting anti-viral cytotoxic activity. Infected mice also mounted human IgG antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins. Hence, HIS-DRAGA mice showed unique advantages as a surrogate in vivo human model for studying SARS-CoV-2 immunopathological mechanisms and testing the safety and efficacy of candidate vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor-D Brumeanu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pooja Vir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ahmad Faisal Karim
- Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sofia A Casares
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Infectious Diseases Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Nguyen TQ, Rollon R, Choi YK. Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses. Viruses 2021; 13:1011. [PMID: 34071367 PMCID: PMC8228315 DOI: 10.3390/v13061011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza remains one of the most significant public health threats due to its ability to cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although understanding of influenza viruses has greatly increased in recent years, shortcomings remain. Additionally, the continuous mutation of influenza viruses through genetic reassortment and selection of variants that escape host immune responses can render current influenza vaccines ineffective at controlling seasonal epidemics and potential pandemics. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in the understanding of influenza viruses and a corresponding need to develop novel universal vaccines and therapeutic treatments. Investigation of viral pathogenesis, transmission mechanisms, and efficacy of influenza vaccine candidates requires animal models that can recapitulate the disease. Furthermore, the choice of animal model for each research question is crucial in order for researchers to acquire a better knowledge of influenza viruses. Herein, we reviewed the advantages and limitations of each animal model-including mice, ferrets, guinea pigs, swine, felines, canines, and non-human primates-for elucidating influenza viral pathogenesis and transmission and for evaluating therapeutic agents and vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Quyen Nguyen
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (T.-Q.N.); (R.R.)
| | - Rare Rollon
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (T.-Q.N.); (R.R.)
| | - Young-Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (T.-Q.N.); (R.R.)
- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Bialek-Waldmann JK, Domning S, Esser R, Glienke W, Mertens M, Aleksandrova K, Arseniev L, Kumar S, Schneider A, Koenig J, Theobald SJ, Tsay HC, Cornelius ADA, Bonifacius A, Eiz-Vesper B, Figueiredo C, Schaudien D, Talbot SR, Bleich A, Spineli LM, von Kaisenberg C, Clark C, Blasczyk R, Heuser M, Ganser A, Köhl U, Farzaneh F, Stripecke R. Induced dendritic cells co-expressing GM-CSF/IFN-α/tWT1 priming T and B cells and automated manufacturing to boost GvL. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 21:621-641. [PMID: 34095345 PMCID: PMC8142053 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with minimal residual disease and receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) have poor survival. Adoptive administration of dendritic cells (DCs) presenting the Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) leukemia-associated antigen can potentially stimulate de novo T and B cell development to harness the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect after HCT. We established a simple and fast genetic modification of monocytes for simultaneous lentiviral expression of a truncated WT1 antigen (tWT1), granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interferon (IFN)-α, promoting their self-differentiation into potent “induced DCs” (iDCtWT1). A tricistronic integrase-defective lentiviral vector produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP)-like conditions was validated. Transduction of CD14+ monocytes isolated from peripheral blood, cord blood, and leukapheresis material effectively induced their self-differentiation. CD34+ cell-transplanted Nod.Rag.Gamma (NRG)- and Nod.Scid.Gamma (NSG) mice expressing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A∗0201 (NSG-A2)-immunodeficient mice were immunized with autologous iDCtWT1. Both humanized mouse models showed improved development and maturation of human T and B cells in the absence of adverse effects. Toward clinical use, manufacturing of iDCtWT1 was up scaled and streamlined using the automated CliniMACS Prodigy system. Proof-of-concept clinical-scale runs were feasible, and the 38-h process enabled standardized production and high recovery of a cryopreserved cell product with the expected identity characteristics. These results advocate for clinical trials testing iDCtWT1 to boost GvL and eradicate leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Bialek-Waldmann
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Domning
- Molecular Medicine Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth Esser
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Glienke
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mira Mertens
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Lubomir Arseniev
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneider
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Koenig
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Theobald
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hsin-Chieh Tsay
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela D A Cornelius
- Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Agnes Bonifacius
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Britta Eiz-Vesper
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Constanca Figueiredo
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Steven R Talbot
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Loukia M Spineli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Caren Clark
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Köhl
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI and University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Farzin Farzaneh
- Molecular Medicine Group, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Regenerative Immune Therapies Applied, REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Gillgrass A, Wessels JM, Yang JX, Kaushic C. Advances in Humanized Mouse Models to Improve Understanding of HIV-1 Pathogenesis and Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 11:617516. [PMID: 33746940 PMCID: PMC7973037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.617516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although antiretroviral therapy has transformed human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) from a deadly infection into a chronic disease, it does not clear the viral reservoir, leaving HIV-1 as an uncurable infection. Currently, 1.2 million new HIV-1 infections occur globally each year, with little decrease over many years. Therefore, additional research is required to advance the current state of HIV management, find potential therapeutic strategies, and further understand the mechanisms of HIV pathogenesis and prevention strategies. Non-human primates (NHP) have been used extensively in HIV research and have provided critical advances within the field, but there are several issues that limit their use. Humanized mouse (Hu-mouse) models, or immunodeficient mice engrafted with human immune cells and/or tissues, provide a cost-effective and practical approach to create models for HIV research. Hu-mice closely parallel multiple aspects of human HIV infection and disease progression. Here, we highlight how innovations in Hu-mouse models have advanced HIV-1 research in the past decade. We discuss the effect of different background strains of mice, of modifications on the reconstitution of the immune cells, and the pros and cons of different human cells and/or tissue engraftment methods, on the ability to examine HIV-1 infection and immune response. Finally, we consider the newest advances in the Hu-mouse models and their potential to advance research in emerging areas of mucosal infections, understand the role of microbiota and the complex issues in HIV-TB co-infection. These innovations in Hu-mouse models hold the potential to significantly enhance mechanistic research to develop novel strategies for HIV prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gillgrass
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jocelyn M. Wessels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jack X. Yang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Charu Kaushic
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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