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Tong WT, Seth A, Ng MPE, Tong SC, Lau A, Chen TYT, Ong SE, Yoong JSY. Factors Related to, and Effective Interventions for, Vaccination Uptake Among Older Adults in Two Asia-Pacific Countries: A Rapid Review. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024:10105395241258530. [PMID: 38869052 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241258530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This rapid review aims to present a comprehensive overview of barriers, facilitators, and effective interventions that promote vaccination uptake by older adults in the Asia-Pacific region. Rapid review methodology was applied, using two databases (PubMed, Embase). Articles were included if studies were conducted in Australia, Singapore, Indonesia, and the Philippines; included human population ≥50 years of age, and was published from 2016 to August 2022. Related articles were not found from Indonesia and Philippines. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 19 reporting on barriers and facilitators, whereas, four articles reported effective interventions to promote vaccination uptake. Among the 19 studies that identified barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake, the more common factors were social influences (n = 8/19), perceived benefits of vaccine (n = 7/19), and perceived vaccine safety (n = 6/19). Interventions that focused on supporting clinicians were found to be effective in leading them to recommend vaccinations among older adults, such as creating awareness on the low baseline vaccination rates among older adults, provision of structured health assessment, and nurse reminders. More studies are needed to ascertain the barriers and facilitators to uptake, as well as to identify effective interventions influencing vaccine uptake among older adults in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ting Tong
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ananta Seth
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- Asia-Pacific Immunization Coalition, Singapore
| | - Mary Pei Ern Ng
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Shao Chuen Tong
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | | | - Tina Yen-Ting Chen
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
| | | | - Joanne Su-Yin Yoong
- Centre for Behavioural and Implementation Science Interventions, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
- Research for Impact, Singapore
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2
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Du P, Jin S, Lu S, Wang L, Ma X, Wang J, Huang R, Luo Q, Yang S, Feng X. Strategies to increase the coverage of influenza and pneumonia vaccination in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Age Ageing 2024; 53:afae035. [PMID: 38476102 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is urgent to implement interventions to increase vaccination rates of influenza/pneumonia vaccines in older adults, yet the effectiveness of different intervention strategies has not been thoroughly evaluated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the effectiveness of intervention strategies for increasing the coverage of influenza/pneumonia vaccination in older adults. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang were searched from 1 January 2000 to 1 October 2022. RCTs that assessed any intervention strategies for increasing influenza/pneumonia vaccination coverage or willingness in older adults were included. A series of random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted by using frequentist frameworks. RESULTS Twenty-two RCTs involving 385,182 older participants were eligible for further analysis. Eight types of intervention strategies were evaluated. Compared with routine notification, health education (odds ratio [OR], 1.85 [95%CI, 1.19 to 2.88]), centralised reminder (OR, 1.63 [95%CI, 1.07 to 2.47]), health education + onsite vaccination (OR, 2.89 [95%CI, 1.30 to 6.39]), and health education + centralised reminder + onsite vaccination (OR, 20.76 [95%CI, 7.33 to 58.74]) could effectively improve the vaccination rate. The evidence grade was low or very low due to the substantial heterogeneity among studies. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that health education + centralised reminder + onsite vaccination may potentially be an effective strategy regardless of cost, but the evidence level was low. More rigorous trials are needed to identify the association between strategies and vaccination rates among older adults and to integrate such evidence into clinical care to improve vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Du
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Jin
- Health Department, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuya Lu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- The Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runting Huang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyue Luo
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xixi Feng
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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3
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Eiden AL, Barratt J, Nyaku MK. A review of factors influencing vaccination policies and programs for older adults globally. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2157164. [PMID: 36656057 PMCID: PMC9980618 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2157164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Policies and programs to increase vaccine coverage rates among adults 50 years of age or older are limited and vaccine uptake is often suboptimal. Our review evaluated evidence on the effectiveness and success of adult-targeted vaccination interventions and identified literature gaps. Literature was retrieved (2021) from PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases. Outcomes assessed included data on an intervention's effectiveness and impact on vaccine uptake. Interventions were characterized thematically: affordability (n = 9), awareness (n = 25), and vaccination access (n = 6); and included influenza, pneumococcal, tetanus-containing, and herpes zoster vaccines. Interactive interventions directed toward patients, including provider-led educational initiatives and provider recommendations showed more positive associations than less interactive interventions, such as posters and reminder-recall letters. Provider interventions, including awareness campaigns, incentives, affordability efforts, or vaccination site expansion generally showed positive associations. Combining interventions was found to be successful across several studies. Barriers and interventions varied for population subgroups, therefore, tailoring programs is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Eiden
- Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Jane Barratt
- International Federation on Ageing, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mawuli K Nyaku
- Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
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4
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Rahim MHA, Dom SHM, Hamzah MSR, Azman SH, Zaharuddin Z, Fahrni ML. Impact of pharmacist interventions on immunisation uptake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 17:2285955. [PMID: 38205195 PMCID: PMC10775721 DOI: 10.1080/20523211.2023.2285955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Under-utilisation of immunisation services remains a public health challenge. Pharmacists act as facilitators and increasingly as immunisers, yet relatively little robust evidence exists of the impact elicited on patient health outcome and vaccination uptake. Objective To evaluate the influence of pharmacist interventions on public vaccination rate. Methods SCOPUS, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April 2023 to retrieve non- and randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Studies were excluded if no comparator group to pharmacist involvement was reported. Data extraction, risk of bias assessments, and meta-analyses using random-effect models, were performed. Results Four RCTs and 15 non-RCTs, encompassing influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, and tetanus-diphtheria and pertussis vaccine types, and administered in diverse settings including community pharmacies, were included. Pooled effect sizes revealed that, as compared to usual care, pharmacists, regardless of their intervention, improved the overall immunisation uptake by up to 51% [RR 1.51 (1.28, 1.77)] while immunisation frequency doubled when pharmacists acted specifically as advocators [RR 2.09 (1.42, 3.07)]. Conclusion While the evidence for pharmacist immunisers was mixed, their contribution to immunisation programmes boosted public vaccination rate. Pharmacists demonstrated leadership and acquired indispensable advocator roles in the community and hospital settings. Future research could explore the depth of engagement and hence the extent of influence on immunisation uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hajar Mahamad Dom
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shah Rezan Hamzah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hawa Azman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Zahirah Zaharuddin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mathumalar Loganathan Fahrni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Center for Drug Policy and Health Economics Research (CDPHER), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam, Malaysia
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5
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Chiappin M, Leguelinel-Blache G, Roux-Marson C, Kinowski JM, Dubois F. Impact of a clinical pharmacist's intervention on pneumococcal vaccination in a population of at- risk hospitalized patients: The IP-VAC study. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104765. [PMID: 37499757 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist intervention on compliance with pneumococcal vaccination (PV) recommendations in hospitalized patients. METHODS This was a prospective, single-center, before-and-after study conducted in 2019-2020. Patients had to be over 18 years of age, at risk of pneumococcal infection, and with no PV. No changes were made in the observational phase. During the interventional phase, the clinical pharmacist discussed a prescription for preventive PV and a mention in the discharge letter. A pharmaceutical consultation sensitized the patient to the interest of PV. The clinical pharmacist ensured that a complete vaccination protocol would be carried out by the retail pharmacist within 3 months of hospitalization. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-seven (167) patients were included. In the observational phase, 2.3% of patients received a complete vaccination protocol after discharge from primary care. The rate increased to 63.8% after the clinical pharmacist's intervention (p < 0.001). Vaccines were prescribed by hospital physicians in 97.5% of cases, while 40% of discharge letters included the indication for PV. CONCLUSION The clinical pharmacist's intervention led to delivery of a complete PV protocol after discharge for over half the patients. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a pharmaceutical intervention to promote PV in hospital activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chiappin
- Département de pharmacie, CHU Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.
| | - G Leguelinel-Blache
- Département de pharmacie, CHU Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Institut Desbrest d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Département de Droit et Économie de la santé, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Roux-Marson
- Département de pharmacie, CHU Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Institut Desbrest d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - J-M Kinowski
- Département de pharmacie, CHU Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Institut Desbrest d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - F Dubois
- Département de pharmacie, CHU Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Institut Desbrest d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Ozdemir N, Aktas BY, Gulmez A, Inkaya AC, Bayraktar-Ekincioglu A, Kilickap S, Unal S. Impact of pharmacist-led educational intervention on pneumococcal vaccination rates in cancer patients: a randomized controlled study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:194. [PMID: 36856870 PMCID: PMC9975445 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate clinical pharmacist's contribution to the pneumococcal vaccination rate by providing education to cancer patients in hospital settings. METHODS This study was conducted in 2 tertiary-care hospitals' medical oncology outpatient clinics. Patients over 18 years of age and diagnosed with cancer for less than 2 years, in remission stage, and have not previously received the pneumococcal vaccine were included. Patients were randomized to intervention and control groups. The intervention group was provided vaccination education and recommended to receive the PCV13 vaccine. The control group received routine care. Patients' knowledge about pneumonia/pneumococcal vaccine, Vaccine Attitude Examination Scale (VAX) score, and vaccination rates were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after the education. RESULTS A total of 235 patients (intervention: 117, control: 118) were included. The mean age ± SD was 57.86 ± 11.88 years in the control and 60.68 ± 11.18 years in the intervention groups. The numbers of correct answers about pneumonia/pneumococcal vaccine (p = 0.482) and VAX scores (p = 0.244) of the groups were similar at baseline. After the intervention, the median (IQR) number of correct answers in intervention group [10(3)] was higher than control group [8(4)] (p < 0.001). After the education, the total VAX score (mean ± SD) was less in intervention group (33.09 ± 7.018) than the control group (36.07 ± 6.548) (p = 0.007). Three months after the education, 20.2% of the patients in the intervention and 6.1% in the control groups were vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccine (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The pneumococcal vaccination rate in cancer patients has increased significantly by the education provided by a clinical pharmacist in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesligul Ozdemir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Burak Y Aktas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gulmez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet C Inkaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Saadettin Kilickap
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhat Unal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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Alqifari SF, Binswelim MA, Atia TH, Alzaaq RB, Mouzhir R, Amirthalingam P. A Structured Educational Intervention Aims to Improve Pneumococcal Vaccination Practices in Primary Healthcare Centers. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:175-179. [PMID: 36700173 PMCID: PMC9869908 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s392685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide evidence-based recommendations on vaccine use in the US Current CDC recommendations for the two available pneumococcal vaccine types can be confusing for providers and nursing staff, introducing the potential for administering the wrong product to patients. The pneumococcal vaccine products come with specific recommendations and target-specific patient groups. This intervention aims to improve pneumococcal vaccine practices per CDC recommendations, at primary health-care centers in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This intervention is conducted with nursing staff and mid-level providers. An educational intervention consisting of a five-question assessment questionnaire and containing brief scenario cases on pneumococcal vaccine indication. The assessment questionnaire was administered twice separated by a brief educational session on proper vaccine use by a clinical pharmacist. The educational intervention and the pre/post assessment required 15 min to complete. Assessments were collected, and a pre-intervention assessment was compared with a post-intervention assessment to capture the effect of the educational intervention. Test score changes from the baseline were analyzed via a paired Student's t-test. Results Eighty-five nursing staff and mid-level providers completed the assessment. Questionnaire scores signaled an improvement trend in both centers, but the results were not statistically significant in center 1 (p=0.767) and center 2 (p=0.125). Conclusion Focusing education on nursing staff by clinical pharmacists on proper vaccine use does not appear to be as effective as previously thought. The desire for improvement in practices was evident in the overwhelming desire to participate in the educational session by nursing staff and mid-level providers. However, the results reflect the complex nature of vaccine practices and the need for further training on proper vaccine use for nursing and mid-level providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh F Alqifari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges, AlQassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Saleh F Alqifari, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Email
| | | | - Tasneem H Atia
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, AlQassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Renad B Alzaaq
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, AlQassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rim Mouzhir
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, AlQassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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AL-Iede M, Khanfar AN, Alshrouf MA, Azzam MI, Haddad TA, Khanfar ON, Al-Tarawneh ZM, Aleidi SM. Parents' attitude towards pneumococcal vaccine: an online survey from Jordan. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221128151. [PMID: 36200323 PMCID: PMC9537490 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221128151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In developing countries, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has not been incorporated into the national immunization schedule, and the vaccination rate is low. This study aimed to examine parental knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to children receiving the PCV in Jordan. METHODS This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. The online survey was written in Arabic and consisted of three main sections. The questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. RESULTS In total, 720 responses were analyzed. Only 149 (20.7%) of the parents' children were vaccinated with the PCV. However, almost half 356 (49.4%) of the respondents were willing to vaccinate their children. Most (563, 78.1%) parents stated that the vaccine would protect their children from pneumococcal disease. More than two thirds (516, 71.6%) of them strongly agreed or agreed that the cost of the PCV is high. Parents who had vaccinated their children had a higher monthly income than parents who had not vaccinated their children. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a lack of knowledge regarding pneumococcal infection and the PCV among Jordanian parents. This is the main barrier to vaccinating children. Therefore, improving parental knowledge would increase the rate of vaccination among Jordanian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montaha AL-Iede
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department
of Pediatrics, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan,School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman,
Jordan,Montaha AL-Iede, Department of Pediatrics,
School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman-Jordan
11942. ;
| | | | | | | | - Tala A. Haddad
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman,
Jordan
| | - Omar N. Khanfar
- School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology,
Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Shereen M. Aleidi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of
Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Perroud JM, Soldano S, Avanceña ALV, Wagner A. Adult vaccination uptake strategies in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Vaccine 2022; 40:5313-5321. [PMID: 35953323 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based strategies can maximize vaccination intent and uptake among adults. This systematic review summarizes the existing literature on strategies to improve vaccination intent and uptake among adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform future implementation in various populations and contexts. METHODS Eligible studies were identified through a systematic search in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Libraries, as well as grey literature databases published between January 2010 and March 2021. The search was limited to studies in LMICs that evaluated adult vaccination interventions. Data were extracted from the included studies and evaluated against the World Health Organization's Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination Framework. The National Institutes of Health study quality assessment tools were used to evaluate study quality. RESULTS The initial literature review identified 2,854 records, 22 of which met the inclusion criteria. The majority (n = 19 or 86%) of studies were from middle-income countries, with the remaining studies (n = 3 or 13%) set in low-income countries. The majority (15/22, 68%) of interventions were multi-component. 82% (18/22) of studies addressed thoughts and feelings, 59% (13/22) addressed social processes, and 73% (16/22) addressed practical issues. Five studies reported primary outcomes of vaccination intent, and the remaining 17 reported vaccine uptake. 36% (8/22) of the studies cited statistically significant positive intervention effects on vaccination intent or uptake. Few of the included studies (6/22, 27%) were RTCs, and most studies (15/22, 68%) were of poor study quality. The studies reporting the highest increase in vaccination intent and uptake were multi-component interventions that addressed all three determinants of vaccination. DISCUSSION The results of this review highlight levers that can be used to encourage vaccine intent and uptake in the ongoing rollout of COVID-19 vaccines, as well as the deployment of other vaccines to adult populations in LMICs. Of the included studies, multicomponent interventions were most effective, mainly when targeting multiple determinants of vaccination. However, poor study quality indicates the need for additional research to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janamarie M Perroud
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan. 1415 Washington Heights, SPH II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Shad Soldano
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anton L V Avanceña
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan. 1415 Washington Heights, SPH II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Abram Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abu-rish EY, Bustanji Y, Abusal K. Nationwide Routine Childhood Vaccination Coverage During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan: Current Situation, Reasons, and Predictors of Vaccination. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:7918604. [PMID: 35685494 PMCID: PMC9159169 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7918604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthcare system in Jordan faced substantial burden during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic including disruption of routine childhood vaccination services. AIMS We sought, for the first time, to describe the impact of the 2020 pandemic on vaccination coverage of Jordanian children in Jordan and to identify the key contributing factors. METHODS Nationwide vaccination rates were retrieved from the electronic records at the Ministry of Health (2018-2020) enrolling crude births of 220,057 Jordanian children during 2020. Records of doses administered were compared for each month of 2020 with the baseline of 2018-2019. A cross-sectional survey (March-August 2021) was also conducted enrolling a convenient sample of adults aged ≥18 who were Jordanian caregivers for vaccine-eligible children (0-23 months) between 1 January 2020 and the date of the interview. The survey aimed to address caregivers' adherence to routine vaccination during 2020-2021 and to describe the determinants of the current and future adherence to vaccination where multiple logistic regression model was utilized. RESULTS The electronic records revealed a significant decline in vaccination coverage during 2020. The greatest decline was observed during the lockdown period from 21 March 2020 to 21 April 2020 (32.4%-46.8%) followed by the decline observed by the entry of the first wave during September-October 2020 (18.4%-22.8%). A drop of 14-16% was observed for the vaccines recommended under the age of 12 months and of 6-7% for those recommended in 1-2-year-old children. The yearly coverage rates for measles-1 (at 9 months), 2 (at 12 months as part of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine), and 3 (at 18 months as part of MMR) were 76%, 90%, and 87%, respectively, and for hexavalent-1, 2, and 3 were 78%, 78%, and 77%, respectively. The results of the survey revealed that the main reason for vaccination delay for at least 1 month from the recommended administration time was the lockdown, followed by child illness and smart lockdowns (regional lockdown/health center closure). Vaccination delay was less likely to be observed in children aged ≥12 months (P value < 0.001; OR: 0.18; CI: 0.11-0.29) or children with chronic diseases (P value < 0.05; OR: 0.5; CI: 0.33-0.88). CONCLUSION The current study demonstrates a decline in vaccination coverage of Jordanian children during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to formulate future strategies to promote catch-up vaccination and to avoid future backsliding of vaccination rates during further waves of the COVID-19 pandemic or other pandemics. These include improving health services, allaying caregivers' concerns about contracting COVID-19, and arranging vaccination campaigns outside health centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y. Abu-rish
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Kamel Abusal
- Department of Vaccination, Communicable Disease Directorate, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
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Tahir MJ, Saqlain M, Tariq W, Waheed S, Tan SHS, Nasir SI, Ullah I, Ahmed A. Population preferences and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination: a cross-sectional study from Pakistan. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1759. [PMID: 34565351 PMCID: PMC8474768 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While vaccine development is itself a challenge; ensuring optimal vaccine uptake at population level can present an even more significant challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the Pakistani population’s attitude and preferences towards the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out through an online self-administered questionnaire from 27 September 2020 to 11 October 2020. A total of 883 people responded to the survey. The questionnaire included the participants’ socio-demographic variables, attitudes, beliefs towards the COVID-19 vaccine and acceptance and rejection of vaccination, and reasons for them. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the predictors for vaccine acceptance and willingness to pay for the vaccine. Results A majority (70.8%) of respondents will accept the COVID-19vaccine if available, and 66.8% showed a positive attitude towards vaccination. Monthly family income, education level, self-diagnosis of COVID-19 or a friend, family member, or colleague are significant factors influencing the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. The dogma of being naturally immune to COVID-19 was a key reason for the refusal of the vaccine. Less than half (48%) of those who refuse will vaccinate themselves if government officials have made it compulsory. A third (33.9%) of participants were willing to pay up to (7 USD) 1000 Pkr (Pakistani Rupees) for the vaccine. Conclusion The population’s positive attitude should be improved by increasing awareness and eradicating false myths about vaccines through large-scale campaigns. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11814-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid Tahir
- Ameer-ud-Din Medical College Affiliated with University of Health Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.,Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqlain
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Waleed Tariq
- Ameer-ud-Din Medical College Affiliated with University of Health Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.,Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Summaiya Waheed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Steven H S Tan
- Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia, Nusajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan. .,School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abu Hammour K, Abu Farha R, Manaseer Q, Al-Manaseer B. Factors affecting the public's knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and the influence of knowledge on their decision to get vaccinated. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2021; 62:309-316. [PMID: 34301497 PMCID: PMC8259061 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An analysis was conducted to assess the factors affecting the public's knowledge about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines and the influence of that knowledge on their decision to get vaccinated. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS An online, self-administered questionnaire was instrumentalized to assess the factors affecting the Jordanian public's knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and the influence of that knowledge on their decision to get vaccinated. A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to determine the variables that affected the participants' knowledge score regarding COVID-19 vaccines. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in knowledge scores among different groups. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Only 45.9% of the 468 participants reported being willing to receive the vaccine, and only 38.5% (n = 180) had registered on the Ministry of Health platform to get vaccinated. Moreover, very few of them (26/468, 5.6%) had received the vaccine. The participants showed inadequate knowledge, with a median knowledge score of 4 out of 8 (interquartile range = 4). The linear regression analysis showed that participants aged above 45 years, those with bachelor's or graduate degrees, and those with medical-related degrees had higher knowledge scores regarding COVID-19 vaccines than the others (P < 0.001). Participants who were willing to receive the vaccine, those who had registered to receive the vaccine, and those who had got vaccinated had higher knowledge scores than the others (P < 0.001 for all). CONCLUSION This cross-sectional analysis indicated that urgent education is needed to improve the public's knowledge and awareness about the COVID-19 vaccine to reduce the adverse impact of lack of knowledge on decision making for the COVID-19 vaccination.
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Rauh LD, Lathan HS, Masiello MM, Ratzan SC, Parker RM. A Select Bibliography of Actions to Promote Vaccine Literacy: A Resource for Health Communication. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2020; 25:843-858. [PMID: 33719890 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2021.1878312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this bibliography, the researchers provide an introduction to the available evidence base of actions to promote vaccine literacy. The research team organized interventions to create a tool that can inform health communicators and practitioners seeking a resource focused on strategy and implementation design for actions that support vaccine literacy. This scoping bibliography is honed specifically to respond to the urgency of the current pandemic, when supporting and increasing vaccine literacy offers promise for achieving the critically needed high levels of vaccination. Over the course of the coming months and year, this bibliography will be a dynamic and "living" document hosted and maintained on vaccineliteracy.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren D Rauh
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah S Lathan
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Scott C Ratzan
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth M Parker
- Division of General Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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