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Liu P, Yang J, Jin M, Hu P, Zhu Y, Tang Y, Chen Y, Xu X, He H. Alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism profiles reveal the possible molecular mechanism of renal injury induced by hyperuricemia in a mouse model of renal insufficiency. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2387429. [PMID: 39132829 PMCID: PMC11321104 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2387429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the role of the intestinal flora and metabolites in the development of hyperuricemic renal injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: Unilaterally nephrectomized mice were fed with adenine and potassium oxonate for 9 weeks. HE staining combined with plasma biochemical indicators was used to evaluate renal pathological and functional changes. We conducted 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics on feces and plasma samples to reveale changes in intestinal microbiota and metabolites.Result: Our analysis revealed significant differences in 15 bacterial genera, with 7 being upregulated and 8 being downregulated. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis revealed changes in the distribution of amino acid and biotin metabolites in basic metabolic pathways in both feces and serum. Specifically, differentially abundant metabolites in feces were associated primarily with histidine metabolism; the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; and tyrosine metabolism. In plasma, the differentially abundant metabolites were involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; glycine, serine, and threonine amino acid metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; tyrosine biosynthesis and metabolism; biotin metabolism; and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that Akkermansia, UCG-005, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lactococcus, and Butymonas were associated with various differentially abundant metabolites as well as renal function, oxidative stress, and mitophagy. The changes in the intestinal flora observed in hyperuricemia may lead to imbalances in amino acid and biotin metabolism in both the intestine and host, ultimately affecting oxidative stress and mitophagy in mice and accelerating the progression of CKD.Conclusion: Our findings provide insights into a potential pathogenic mechanism by which hyperuricemia exacerbates renal injury in mice with renal insufficiency. Understanding these pathways may offer new therapeutic strategies for managing hyperuricemic renal injury in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianli Yang
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiping Jin
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong He
- Division of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mehmood A, Iftikhar A, Chen X. Food-derived bioactive peptides with anti-hyperuricemic activity: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139444. [PMID: 38678657 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HU) is a metabolic disorder caused by the overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid (UA) in the human body. Several approved drugs for the treatment of HU are available in the market; however, all these allopathic drugs exhibit multiple side effects. Therefore, the development of safe and effective anti-HU drugs is an urgent need. Natural compounds derived from foods and plants have the potential to decrease UA levels. Recently, food-derived bioactive peptides (FBPs) have gained attention as a functional ingredient owing to their biological activities. In the current review, we aim to explore the urate-lowering potential and the underlying mechanisms of FBPs. We found that FBPs mitigate HU by reducing blood UA levels through inhibiting key enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, increasing renal UA excretion, inhibiting renal UA reabsorption, increasing anti-oxidant activities, regulating inflammatory mediators, and addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, FBPs exhibit strong potential to ameliorate HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan and Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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3
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Yin LL, Qi PQ, Hu YF, Fu XJ, He RS, Wang MM, Deng YJ, Xiong SY, Yu QW, Hu JP, Zhou L, Zhou ZB, Xiong Y, Deng H. Dysbiosis promotes recurrence of adenomatous polyps in the distal colorectum. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3600-3623. [PMID: 39171160 PMCID: PMC11334022 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps, which are characterized by a high recurrence rate, represent preneoplastic conditions of the intestine. Due to unclear mechanisms of pathogenesis, first-line therapies for non-hereditary recurrent colorectal polyps are limited to endoscopic resection. Although recent studies suggest a mechanistic link between intestinal dysbiosis and polyps, the exact compositions and roles of bacteria in the mucosa around the lesions, rather than feces, remain unsettled. AIM To clarify the composition and diversity of bacteria in the mucosa surrounding or 10 cm distal to recurrent intestinal polyps. METHODS Mucosal samples were collected from four patients consistently with adenomatous polyps (Ade), seven consistently with non-Ade (Pol), ten with current Pol but previous Ade, and six healthy individuals, and bacterial patterns were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing. Linear discriminant analysis and Student's t-tests were used to identify the genus-level bacteria differences between groups with different colorectal polyp phenotypes. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation between intestinal bacteria at the genus level and clinical indicators. RESULTS The results confirmed a decreased level of probiotics and an enrichment of pathogenic bacteria in patients with all types of polyps compared to healthy individuals. These changes were not restricted to the mucosa within 0.5 cm adjacent to the polyps, but also existed in histologically normal tissue 10 cm distal from the lesions. Significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed in the mucosa from individuals with normal conditions, Pol, and Ade. Increased abundance of Gram-negative bacteria, including Klebsiella, Plesiomonas, and Cronobacter, was observed in Pol group and Ade group, suggesting that resistance to antibiotics may be one risk factor for bacterium-related harmful environment. Meanwhile, age and gender were linked to bacteria changes, indicating the potential involvement of sex hormones. CONCLUSION These preliminary results support intestinal dysbiosis as an important risk factor for recurrent polyps, especially adenoma. Targeting specific pathogenic bacteria may attenuate the recurrence of polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Yin
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping-Qian Qi
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yun-Fei Hu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Fu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Shan He
- The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Juan Deng
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Su-Yi Xiong
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi-Wen Yu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhou
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of General Medicine, The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Huan Deng
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- The Ministry of Education Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
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Xiao N, Zhang X, Xi Y, Li Z, Wei Y, Shen J, Wang L, Qin D, Xie Z, Li Z. Study on the effects of intestinal flora on gouty arthritis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1341953. [PMID: 39176260 PMCID: PMC11339034 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1341953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gouty arthritis (GA), a metabolic and immunologic disease, primarily affects joints. Dysbiosis of intestinal flora is an important cause of GA. The metabolic disorders of intestinal flora leading to GA and immune disorders might play an important role in patients with hyperuricemia and established GA. However, the exact mechanisms, through which the dysbiosis of intestinal flora causes the development of GA, are not fully understood yet. Moreover, several therapies commonly used to treat GA might alter the intestinal flora, suggesting that modulation of the intestinal flora might help prevent or treat GA. Therefore, a better understanding of the changes in the intestinal flora of GA patients might facilitate the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The current review article discusses the effects of intestinal flora dysbiosis on the pathogenesis of GA and the cross-regulatory effects between gut flora and drugs for treating GA. This article also highlights the modulatory effects of gut flora by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to lower uric acid levels and relieve joint pain as well as provides a summary and outlook, which might help guide future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongdong Qin
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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5
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Wang Z, Huang Y, Yang T, Song L, Xiao Y, Chen Y, Chen M, Li M, Ren Z. Lactococcus cremoris D2022 alleviates hyperuricemia and suppresses renal inflammation via potential gut-kidney axis. Food Funct 2024; 15:6015-6027. [PMID: 38747642 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00118d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a widespread metabolic disorder. Probiotics have drawn increasing attention as an adjunctive treatment with fewer side effects. However, thus far the effective strains are limited and the mechanisms for their serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering effect are not well understood. Along this line, we conducted the current study using a hyperuricemia mouse model induced by potassium oxonate and adenine. A novel strain of Lactococcus cremoris named D2022 was identified to have significant SUA-lowering capability. Lactococcus cremoris D2022 significantly reduced SUA levels by inhibiting uric acid synthesis and regulating uric acid transportation. It was also found that Lactococcus cremoris D2022 alleviated HUA-induced renal inflammatory injury involving multiple signaling pathways. By focusing on the expression of NLRP3-related inflammatory genes, we found correlations between the expression levels of these genes and free fatty acid receptors (FFARs). In addition, oral administration of Lactococcus cremoris D2022 increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecal samples, which may be one of the mechanisms by which oral probiotics alleviate renal inflammation. Serum untargeted metabolomics showed changes in a variety of serum metabolites associated with purine metabolism and inflammation after oral administration of Lactococcus cremoris D2022, further confirming its systemic bioactivity. Finally, it was proved that Lactococcus cremoris D2022 improved intestinal barrier function. In conclusion, Lactococcus cremoris D2022 can alleviate HUA and HUA-induced nephropathy by increasing the production of SCFAs in the gut and systemic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuanming Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Liqiong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yulu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Mengshan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingding Li
- Maiyata Institute for Beneficial Bacteria, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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6
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Miyajima Y, Karashima S, Mizoguchi R, Kawakami M, Ogura K, Ogai K, Koshida A, Ikagawa Y, Ami Y, Zhu Q, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Kurihara S, Arakawa H, Nakamura H, Tamai I, Nambo H, Okamoto S. Prediction and causal inference of hyperuricemia using gut microbiota. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9901. [PMID: 38688923 PMCID: PMC11061287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a symptom of high blood uric acid (UA) levels, which causes disorders such as gout and renal urinary calculus. Prolonged HUA is often associated with hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. Studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) affect these chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between HUA and GM. The microbiome of 224 men and 254 women aged 40 years was analyzed through next-generation sequencing and machine learning. We obtained GM data through 16S rRNA-based sequencing of the fecal samples, finding that alpha-diversity by Shannon index was significantly low in the HUA group. Linear discriminant effect size analysis detected a high abundance of the genera Collinsella and Faecalibacterium in the HUA and non-HUA groups. Based on light gradient boosting machine learning, we propose that HUA can be predicted with high AUC using four clinical characteristics and the relative abundance of nine bacterial genera, including Collinsella and Dorea. In addition, analysis of causal relationships using a direct linear non-Gaussian acyclic model indicated a positive effect of the relative abundance of the genus Collinsella on blood UA levels. Our results suggest abundant Collinsella in the gut can increase blood UA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Miyajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Karashima
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Ren Mizoguchi
- Department of Health Promotion and Medicine of the Future, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Kawakami
- School of Electrical Information Communication Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Ogura
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogai
- Department of Bio-Engineering Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing, Ishikawa Prefectural Nursing University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Aoi Koshida
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ikagawa
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Ami
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Qiunan Zhu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nambo
- School Introduction School of Entrepreneurial and Innovation Studies, College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Okamoto
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Microbiome, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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7
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Hussain A, Rui B, Ullah H, Dai P, Ahmad K, Yuan J, Liu Y, Li M. Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 Attenuates Hyperuricemia through Gut Microbiota-Dependent Regulation of Uric Acid Biosynthesis and Excretion. Microorganisms 2024; 12:637. [PMID: 38674582 PMCID: PMC11052267 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a prevalent metabolic disorder that arises from abnormal purine metabolism and reduced excretion of uric acid (UA). The gut microbiota plays a significant role in the biosynthesis and excretion of UA. Probiotics capable of purine degradation possess the potential to prevent hyperuricemia. Our study aimed to screen probiotics in areas with abundant dairy products and longevity populations in China, which could attenuate the level of UA and explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, twenty-three lactic acid bacteria isolated from healthy Chinese infant feces and traditional fermented foods such as hurood and lump milk were evaluated for the ability to tolerance acid, bile, artificial gastric juice, and artificial intestinal juice to determine the potential of the candidate strains as probiotics. Eight strains were identified as possessing superior tolerance to simulated intestinal conditions and were further analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), revealing that Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 (Lact-1) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei HCS17-040 (Lact-2) possess the most potent ability to degrade purine nucleosides. The effect of Lact-1 and Lact-2 on hyperuricemia was evaluated by intervening with them in the potassium oxonate and adenine-induced hyperuricemia Balb/c mice model in vivo. Our results showed that the level of serum UA in hyperuricemic mice can be efficiently reduced via the oral administration of Lact-1 (p < 0.05). It significantly inhibited the levels of liver inflammatory cytokines and hepatic xanthine oxidase through a TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway across the gut-liver axis. Furthermore, UA transporters ABCG2 and SLC2A9 were substantially upregulated by the intervention of this probiotic. Fecal ATP levels were significantly induced, while fecal xanthine dehydrogenase and allantoinase levels were increased following probiotics. RNA sequencing of HT-29 cells line treated with Lact-1 and its metabolites demonstrated significant regulation of pathways related to hyperuricemia. In summary, these findings demonstrate that Limosilactobacillus reuteri HCS02-001 possesses a capacity to ameliorate hyperuricemia by inhibiting UA biosynthesis via enhancing gastrointestinal barrier functions and promoting UA removal through the upregulation of urate transporters, thereby providing a basis for the probiotic formulation by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hussain
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Binqi Rui
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hayan Ullah
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Panpan Dai
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Kabir Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China;
| | - Jieli Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yinhui Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China; (A.H.); (B.R.); (H.U.); (J.Y.)
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Zhu C, Niu H, Bian M, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhou Z. Study on the mechanism of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. in the treatment of hyperuricemia by microbiome combined with metabonomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116805. [PMID: 37355082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Growing evidence indicates that hyperuricemia is closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. (O. aristatus), as a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat hyperuricemia in China. However, the mechanism by which O. aristatus treats hyperuricemia has not been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated whether the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-hyperuricemia effect of O. aristatus is related to the regulation of gut microbiota by 16S rDNA gene sequencing combined with widely targeted metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperuricemia was induced in rats by administration of 10% fructose and 20% yeast, and the uricosuric effect was assessed by measuring the uric acid (UA) levels in serum and cecal contents. Intestinal morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. To explore the effects of O. aristatus on the gut microbiota and its metabolites, we utilized 16S rDNA gene sequencing combined with widely targeted metabolomics. Furthermore, metabolic pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the screened differential metabolites. The real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to detect the expression of relevant proteins in the key pathway. RESULTS Our results indicated that O. aristatus intervention decreased serum UA levels and increased the UA levels in cecal contents in hyperuricemic rats. Additionally, O. aristatus improved intestinal morphology and altered the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Specifically, 16S rDNA revealed that O. aristatus treatment significantly reduced the abundance of unidentified-Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae-NK4A136-group. Meanwhile, widely targeted metabolomics showed that 17 metabolites, including lactose, 4-oxopentanoate and butyrate, were elevated, while 55 metabolites, such as flavin adenine dinucleotide and xanthine, were reduced. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis found that O. aristatus was mainly involved in purine metabolism. Moreover, RT-PCR and WB suggested that O. aristatus could significantly up-regulate the expression of UA excretion transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in the intestine. CONCLUSION O. aristatus exerts UA-lowering effect by regulating the gut microbiota and ABCG2 expression, indicating that this herb holds great promise in the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Niu
- School of Pharmacy in Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Meng Bian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Yan W, Wen S, Zhou L. Effect of Intestinal Flora on Hyperuricemia-Induced Chronic Kidney Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and the Therapeutic Mechanism of New Anti-Diabetic Prescription Medications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3029-3044. [PMID: 37794899 PMCID: PMC10547008 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s429068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article examined the current research on hyperuricemia (HUA) exacerbating diabetic kidney damage and novel anti-diabetic medications for treating these people. Hyperuricemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D), both of which are frequent metabolic disorders, are closely connected. Recent studies have shown that hyperuricemia can increase kidney injury in T2D patients by aggravating insulin resistance, by activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and by stimulating inflammatory factors, and the diversity, distribution, and metabolites of intestinal flora. Considering this, there are just a few of the research examining the effect of hyperuricemia on diabetic kidney injury via intestinal flora. Through the gut-kidney axis, intestinal flora primarily influences renal function. The primary mechanism is that variations in diversity, distribution, and metabolites of intestinal flora led to alterations in metabolites (such as short-chain fatty acids, Indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate, Trimethylamine N-oxide TMAO). This article reviewed the research and investigates the association between hyperuricemia and T2D, as well as the influence of hyperuricemia on diabetic kidney injury via intestinal flora. In addition, the current novel antidiabetic drugs are discussed, and their characteristics and mechanisms of action are reviewed. These novel antidiabetic drugs include SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, DDP-4 inhibitors, glucokinase (GK) enzyme activators (GK agonists), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). Recent studies suggest that these new anti-diabetic medications may have a therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia-induced kidney impairment in diabetes patients via various mechanisms. Some of these medications may reduce blood uric acid levels, while others may improve kidney function by attenuating the overstimulation of RAAS or by decreasing insulin resistance and inflammation in the kidneys. These novel antidiabetic medicines may have a multifaceted approach to treating hyperuricemia-induced kidney impairment in diabetic patients; nevertheless, additional study is required to establish their efficacy and comprehend their specific mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, n University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, n University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, n University, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Liu P, Yang J, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Tang Y, Xu X, He H. Alterations of gut microbiota and metabolome in early chronic kidney disease patients complicated with hyperuricemia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20328. [PMID: 37809388 PMCID: PMC10560056 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Object This study aims to investigate the changes in gut microbiota and metabolism of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1-2, as well as the potential impact of hyperuricemia (HUA) on these factors in CKD stage 1-2 patients. Methods In this study, fecal samples were collected from CKD stage 1-2 without HUA patients (CKD-N group), CKD stage 1-2 with HUA patients (CKD-H group), and healthy people controls (HCs group). The samples were then subjected to the microbiome (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and metabolome (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) analyses. The multi-omics datasets were analyzed individually and integrated for combined analysis using various bioinformatics approaches. Results Gut microbial dysbiosis was found in CKD-N and CKD-H patients. At the phylum level, compared to HCs group, Bacteroidetes decreased but Proteobacteria increased in CKD-H group significantly. Fusobacteria in CKD-N group was significantly lower than HCs group. At genus level, [Eubacterium]_ventriosum_group, Fusobacterium, Agathobacter, Parabacteroides, and Roseburia significantly changed in CKD groups. [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group was significantly lower in CKD-H group than CKD-N group. Moreover, the fecal metabolome of CKD-N and CKD-H altered significantly. d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, and lysine biosynthesis were down-regulated in the CKD-N group. Phenylalanine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, purine metabolism, and beta-alanine metabolism were up-regulated in the CKD-H group. There was a significant difference between the two CKD groups in phenylalanine metabolism. The abundance change of [Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group, [Eubacterium]_ventriosum_group, UCG-002, Alistipes, and Bifidobacterium had a close correlation with differential metabolites. Conclusion The gut microbiota and metabolic status undergo significant changes in CKD patients compared to healthy people. Additionally, HUA has been found to impact the gut microbiota of CKD patients, as well as their metabolism. The close association between gut microbiota and metabolites suggests that the former plays a crucial role in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianli Yang
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuyan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Haidong He
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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Liang L, Meng Z, Zhang F, Jianguo Z, Fang S, Hu Q, Tang X, Li Y. Lactobacillus gasseri LG08 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides LM58 exert preventive effect on the development of hyperuricemia by repairing antioxidant system and intestinal flora balance. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1211831. [PMID: 37378287 PMCID: PMC10291327 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Currently, hyperuricemia has shown a surprisingly rising trend, which attracts widespread attention due to potentially major health risks. Considering the inevitable side effects of long-term medicine, probiotics are emerging as potential therapeutics due to their ability to improve uric acid metabolism and superior safety. Methods In our study, two strains of probiotics, Lactobacillus gasseri LG08 (LG08) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides LM58 (LM58) isolated from kimchi were evaluated for the prebiotic properties in vitro and uric-lowering effects in vivo. Here, hyperuricemia animal model and 16S rRNA gene amplicons analysis were further studied to investigate whether these probiotics exert different effects in prevention and treatment. Results In vivo indicators and intestinal flora immunity revealed that both LG08 and LM58 significantly prevent the development and progression of hyperuricemia, repair the antioxidant system and maintain intestinal flora balance in healthy rats, especially LM58. After hyperuricemia was formed, although the effect of LG08 and LM58 could decrease the level of uric acid, the effect to reverse and repair antioxidant levels in the body was limited. Discussion In our study, these findings have important implications for hyperuricemia prevention and therapy, and provided more mechanistic insights into the effect of probiotics in hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Liang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihui Meng
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhu Jianguo
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare-Bio Probiotics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Fang
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare-Bio Probiotics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuna Tang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Shirvani-Rad S, Khatibzade-Nasari N, Ejtahed HS, Larijani B. Exploring the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in gout pathogenesis: a systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1163778. [PMID: 37265486 PMCID: PMC10230090 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1163778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Gut dysbiosis is believed to be one of the several mechanisms that are involved in the pathogenesis of gout. This systematic review aimed to summarize the role of gut dysbiosis in gout disease and uncover the underlying mechanisms. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to October 2021. Animal studies and human observational studies, including case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies assessing the association between gut microbiota composition and gout were included. The quality of included studies has been evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment scale (NOS) and the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Results Initially, we found 274 studies among which 15 studies were included in this systematic review. Of them, 10 studies were conducted on humans and 5 studies were conducted on animals. Increased abundance of Alistipes and decreased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae alters purine metabolism, thereby aggravating gout condition. Moreover, a higher abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and Bacteroides in gout modulates enzymatic activity in purine metabolism. Butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, prausnitzii, Oscillibacter, Butyricicoccus, and Bifidobacterium have higher abundance in healthy controls compared to gout patients, suggesting the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-releasing bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae, Prevotella, and Bacteroides, are also involved in the pathogenesis of gout disease by stimulating the innate immune system. Conclusion Exploring the role of gut dysbiosis in gout and the underlying mechanisms can help develop microbiota-modulating therapies for gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Shirvani-Rad
- Microbiota Research Group, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Qeshm International Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Niloufar Khatibzade-Nasari
- Faculty of Medicine, Qeshm International Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Qeshm International Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Wang Z, Song L, Li X, Xiao Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Li M, Ren Z. Lactiplantibacillus pentosus P2020 protects the hyperuricemia and renal inflammation in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1094483. [PMID: 36891165 PMCID: PMC9987516 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1094483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease, and its prevalence has been increasing worldwide. Pharmaceutical drugs have been used for controlling HUA but they all have certain side effects, which thus calls for discovering alternative options including using treatment of probiotics to prevent the development of HUA. Methods We established HUA mice model induced by potassium oxonate and adenine and performed in vivo experiments to verify the ability to lower serum uric acid of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus P2020 (LPP), a probiotics stain extracted from Chinese pickle. We also tried to discussed the underlying mechanisms. Results Oral administration with LPP significantly decreased serum uric acid and reduced renal inflammatory response by downregulating multiple inflammation pathways including NK-kB, MAPK, and TNFα. We also found that LPP administration significantly promoted uric acid excretion by regulating expression of transporters in the kidney and ileum. In addition, LPP intake improved intestinal barrier function and modulated the composition of gut microbiota. Discussion These results suggest that probiotics LPP may have a promising potential to protect against development of HUA and HUA-related renal damage, and its working mechanisms involve regulation of inflammation pathways and expression of transporters in the kidney and ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiong Song
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanming Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jintong Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingding Li
- Maiyata Institute for Beneficial Bacteria, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function (2018 RU010), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Wu X, You C. The biomarkers discovery of hyperuricemia and gout: proteomics and metabolomics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14554. [PMID: 36632144 PMCID: PMC9828291 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia and gout are a group of disorders of purine metabolism. In recent years, the incidence of hyperuricemia and gout has been increasing, which is a severe threat to people's health. Several studies on hyperuricemia and gout in proteomics and metabolomics have been conducted recently. Some literature has identified biomarkers that distinguish asymptomatic hyperuricemia from acute gout or remission of gout. We summarize the physiological processes in which these biomarkers may be involved and their role in disease progression. Methodology We used professional databases including PubMed, Web of Science to conduct the literature review. This review addresses the current landscape of hyperuricemia and gout biomarkers with a focus on proteomics and metabolomics. Results Proteomic methods are used to identify differentially expressed proteins to find specific biomarkers. These findings may be suggestive for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout to explore the disease pathogenesis. The identified biomarkers may be mediators of the link between hyperuricemia, gout and kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. Metabolomics reveals the main influential pathways through small molecule metabolites, such as amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, or other characteristic metabolic pathways. These studies have contributed to the discovery of Chinese medicine. Some traditional Chinese medicine compounds can improve the metabolic disorders of the disease. Conclusions We suggest some possible relationships of potential biomarkers with inflammatory episodes, complement activation, and metabolic pathways. These biomarkers are able to distinguish between different stages of disease development. However, there are relatively few proteomic as well as metabolomic studies on hyperuricemia and gout, and some experiments are only primary screening tests, which need further in-depth study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongge You
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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15
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The impact of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria of the gut microbiota in hyperuricemia and gout diagnosis. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:203-214. [PMID: 36201123 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES Persistent hyperuricemia is a key factor in gout; however, only 13.5% of hyperuricemic individuals manifest the disease. The gut microbiota could be one of the many factors underlying this phenomenon. We aimed to assess the difference in taxonomic and predicted functional profiles of the gut microbiota between asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) individuals and gout patients. METHODS The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiota of AH individuals, gout patients, and controls was sequenced. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out with QIIME2 and phyloseq to determine the difference in the relative abundance of bacterial genera among the study groups. Tax4fun2 was used to predict the functional profile of the gut microbiota. RESULTS AH individuals presented a higher abundance of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients; however, the latter had more bacteria capable of producing acetate. The abundance of Prevotella genus bacteria was not significantly different between the patients but was higher than that in controls. This result was corroborated by the functional profile, in which AH individuals had less pyruvate oxidase abundance than gout patients and less abundance of an enzyme that regulates glutamate synthetase activation than controls. CONCLUSION We observed a distinctive taxonomic profile in AH individuals characterized by a higher abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in comparison to those observed in gout patients. Furthermore, we provide scientific evidence that indicates that the gut microbiota of AH individuals could provide anti-inflammatory mediators, which prevent the appearance of gout flares. Key Points • AH and gout patients both have a higher abundance of Prevotella genus bacteria than controls. • AH individuals' gut microbiota had more butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients. • The gut microbiome of AH individuals provides anti-inflammatory mediators that could prevent gout flares.
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16
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Tong S, Zhang P, Cheng Q, Chen M, Chen X, Wang Z, Lu X, Wu H. The role of gut microbiota in gout: Is gut microbiota a potential target for gout treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1051682. [PMID: 36506033 PMCID: PMC9730829 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1051682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota is essential for the host's health because it regulates the host's metabolism, endocrine, and immune systems. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota plays a role in the onset and progression of gout. Changes in the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota, result in abnormalities of uric acid degradation, increasing uric acid generation, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, and intestinal barrier damage in developing gout. As a result, gout therapy that targets gut microbiota has drawn significant interest. This review summarized how the gut microbiota contributes to the pathophysiology of gout and how gout affects the gut microbiota. Additionally, this study explained how gut microbiota might serve as a unique index for the diagnosis of gout and how conventional gout treatment medicines interact with it. Finally, prospective therapeutic approaches focusing on gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of gout were highlighted, which may represent a future avenue in gout treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyong Lu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, Huang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Tang J. Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935723. [PMID: 36034697 PMCID: PMC9399429 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout continuously increases and has become a major public health problem. The gut microbiota, which colonizes the human intestine, has a mutually beneficial and symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a vital role in the host's metabolism and immune regulation. Structural changes or imbalance in the gut microbiota could cause metabolic disorders and participate in the synthesis of purine-metabolizing enzymes and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of the metabolic immune disease HUA and gout. The gut microbiota as an entry point to explore the pathogenesis of HUA and gout has become a new research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with HUA and gout. Meanwhile, the influence of different dietary structures on the gut microbiota, the effect of the gut microbiota on purine and uric acid metabolism, and the internal relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia/inflammatory factors are explored. Moreover, the intervention effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation on HUA and gout are also systematically reviewed to provide a gut flora solution for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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18
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Jiang H, Zeng W, Zhang X, Pei Y, Zhang H, Li Y. The role of gut microbiota in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors: a pilot study. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7847-7859. [PMID: 35291914 PMCID: PMC9208447 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2049959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is associated with the growth of various tumors, including malignant gliomas, through the brain-gut axis. Moreover, the gut microbiota in patients with malignant tumors may considerably differ from those with benign tumors. However, the associations of gut microbiota with benign and malignant brain tumors remain unclear. Hence, in order to explore these underlying relationships, patients with benign meningioma (n = 32), malignant glioma (n = 27), and healthy individuals (n = 41) were selected to participate in this study. The results showed that the diversity of the microbial ecosystem in brain tumor patients were less than the healthy controls, while no significant differences were observed between the meningioma and glioma groups. The microbial composition also differed significantly between individuals with brain tumors and healthy participants. In meningioma group, pathogenic bacteria like Enterobacteriaceae were increased, whereas certain carcinogenic bacteria were overrepresented in the glioma group, including Fusobacterium and Akkermansia. Furthermore, benign and malignant brain tumor patients lacked SCFA-producing probiotics. Thus, a microbial biomarker panel including Fusobacterium, Akkermansia, Escherichia/Shigella, Lachnospira, Agathobacter, and Bifidobacterium was established. Diagnostic models confirmed that this panel could distinguish between brain tumor patients and healthy patients. Additionally, gut microbiota can affect the differentiation and proliferation of brain tumors via several metabolic pathways based on annotations from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). This is the first study designed to investigate whether gut microbiota differs between benign and malignant brain tumor patients, and our work concluded that intestinal flora is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Clinical Medicine,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunlong Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengzhu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Mingjun Z, Fei M, Zhousong X, Wei X, Jian X, Yuanxue Y, Youfeng S, Zhongping C, Yiqin L, Xiaohong Z, Ying C, Zhenbing W, Zehu D, Lanjuan L. 16S rDNA sequencing analyzes differences in intestinal flora of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and association with immune activation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4085-4099. [PMID: 35129067 PMCID: PMC8974104 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2019174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the influence of HIV on the intestinal flora and the interrelationship with CD4 T cells, the present study collected stool specimens from 33 HIV patients and 28 healthy subjects to compare the differences in the intestinal flora and CD4 T cells in a 16S rDNA-sequencing approach. ELISA was used to detect the expressions of interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Meanwhile, correlation analysis with the different bacterial populations in each group was carried out. The results revealed that Alpha diversity indices of the intestinal flora of HIV patients were markedly lower than that of the healthy group (p < 0.05). The top five bacterial species in the HIV group were Bacteroides (23.453%), Prevotella (19.237%), Fusobacterium (12.408%), Lachnospira (3.811%), and Escherichia-Shigella (3.126%). Spearman correlation analysis results indicated that Fusobacterium_mortiferum, Fusobacterium, and Gammaproteobacteria were positively correlated with TNF-α (p < 0.05), whereas Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidales was negatively correlated with TNF-α (p < 0.05). Additionally, Agathobacter was positively correlated with contents of IL-2 and IL-8 (p < 0.05), whereas Prevotellaceae, and Prevotella were negatively correlated with IL-8 content (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the top five strains in the CD4 high group (≥350/mm3) included Bacteroides (23.286%), Prevotella (21.943%), Fusobacterium (10.479%), Lachnospira (4.465%), and un_f_Lachnospiraceae (2.786%). Taken together, the present study identified that Fusobacterium and Escherichia-Shigella were specific and highly abundant in the HIV group and a correlation between the different bacterial flora and the contents of IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-α was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Mingjun
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Mo Fei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Zhousong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Shulan Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Tongchuang Medical Laboratory Co. LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Jian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Precision Medical Industry Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yuanxue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Precision Medical Industry Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing D.A. Medical Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Shen Youfeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Precision Medical Industry Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing D.A. Medical Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhongping
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Yiqin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao Xiaohong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Shulan Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhenbing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Precision Medical Industry Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing D.A. Medical Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Zehu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Lanjuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Yang HT, Liu JK, Xiu WJ, Tian TT, Yang Y, Hou XG, Xie X. Gut Microbiome-Based Diagnostic Model to Predict Diabetes Mellitus. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12521-12534. [PMID: 34927535 PMCID: PMC8810174 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of intestinal microflora and its correlation with clinical parameters in diabetic patients and healthy subjects and to assess the importance of intestinal flora in patients with diabetes. Forty-four patients with diabetes were included. The control group included 47 healthy people. Their data, biochemical indicators and results from 16S rRNA sequencing of their fecal samples were collected. Compared with the healthy population, the intestinal flora of the diabetic patients was obviously abnormal. Within the diabetes group, the abundances of the genera Faecalibacterium, Prevotella, and Roseburia were higher, and the abundances of the genera Shigella and Bifidobacterium were lower. In the correlation analysis between bacteria and clinical indicators, it was found that the genera Veillonella and unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae were negatively related to blood glucose, while the genera Phascolarctobacterium, unidentified_Bacteroidales and Prevotella were significantly positively correlated with fasting blood glucose. Twelve microbial markers were detected in the random forest model, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 84.1%. This index was greater than the diagnostic effect of fasting blood glucose. This was also supported by the joint diagnostic model of microorganisms and clinical indicators. In addition, the intestinal flora significantly improved the diagnosis of diabetes. In conclusion, it can be concluded from these results that intestinal flora is essential for the occurrence and development of diabetes, which seems to be as important as blood glucose itself. Abbreviations: PCoA: principal coordinate analysis; NMDS: non econometric multidimensional scaling analysis; LEfSe: linear discriminant analysis effect size; LDA: linear discriminant analysis; POD: probability of disease; BMI: body mass index; DCA: decision curve analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing-Kun Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wen-Juan Xiu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tian
- College of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xian-Geng Hou
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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