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T Sathyapalan D, V Nair C, Moni M, Edathadathil F, A A, Prasanna P, Pushpa Raghavan R, Jayant A. Incidence and characterisation of post-COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: A single centre, prospective observational cohort study to recognize the syndemic connotations in India. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e40028. [PMID: 36920842 PMCID: PMC10131721 DOI: 10.2196/40028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome is the persistence of signs and symptoms that develop during or after COVID-19 infection for more than 12 weeks and are not explained by an alternative diagnosis. In spite of health care recouping to pre pandemic states, post-COVID-19 state tends to be less recognised from low middle income country settings and holistic therapeutic protocols do not exist. Owing to the syndemic nature of the COVID 19, it is important to characterise post-COVID-19 syndrome. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the incidence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in a cohort of inpatients who recovered from COVID-19 from February 2021 to July 2021 from a tertiary care centre in South India. In addition, we aimed at comparing the prevalence of post-COVID-19 manifestations in non-ICU and ICU patients, assessing the persistence, severity and characteristics of post-COVID-19 manifestations and elucidating the risk factors associated with the presence of post-COVID-19 manifestations. METHODS 120 adult patients admitted with COVID-19 in the specified time frame were recruited into the study after informed written consent. The cohort included 50 patients requiring Intensive care unit and 70 patients with non-intensive care. The follow-up was conducted on the second and sixth week after discharge with a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled by the patient/family member of the patient during their visit to the hospital for follow-up at 2 weeks and through telephone follow up at 6 weeks. RESULTS : Mean age of the cohort was 55 years and 55% were males. Only (5%) of the cohort had taken the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination.58.3% had mild COVID-19 and 41.7% had moderate to severe COVID-19 infection. 60.8% (n=73) of patients had at least one persistent symptom at sixth week of discharge. 50 (41.7%) patients required intensive care during their inpatient stay. Presence of persistent symptoms at 6 weeks was not associated with severity of illness, age or requirement for intensive care. Fatigue was the most common reported persistent symptom with a prevalence of 55.8% followed by dyspnoea (20%) and weight loss (16.7%). Female sex (OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.03-5.58, P=.04) and steroid administration during hospital stay (OR: 4.43; 95% CI: 1.9-10.28, P=.001), were found to be significant risk factors for the presence of post-COVID-19 symptoms at 6 weeks as revealed by logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS 60.8% of inpatients treated for COVID-19 had post-COVID-19 symptoms at 6 week's post- discharge from hospital. Incidence of post-COVID-19 syndrome in the cohort did not significantly differ across the mild, moderate and severe COVID-19 severity categories. Female sex and steroid administration during hospital stay were identified as predictors of persistence of post-COVID-19 symptoms at 6 weeks. CLINICALTRIAL
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipu T Sathyapalan
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | - Chithira V Nair
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | - Merlin Moni
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | - Fabia Edathadathil
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | - Appukuttan A
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | - Preetha Prasanna
- Department of Medical Administration, Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Kochi, IN
| | | | - Aveek Jayant
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, IN
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Katoto PDMC, Brand AS, Bakan B, Obadia PM, Kuhangana C, Kayembe-Kitenge T, Kitenge JP, Nkulu CBL, Vanoirbeek J, Nawrot TS, Hoet P, Nemery B. Acute and chronic exposure to air pollution in relation with incidence, prevalence, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a rapid systematic review. Environ Health 2021; 20:41. [PMID: 33838685 PMCID: PMC8035877 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is one of the world's leading mortality risk factors contributing to seven million deaths annually. COVID-19 pandemic has claimed about one million deaths in less than a year. However, it is unclear whether exposure to acute and chronic air pollution influences the COVID-19 epidemiologic curve. METHODS We searched for relevant studies listed in six electronic databases between December 2019 and September 2020. We applied no language or publication status limits. Studies presented as original articles, studies that assessed risk, incidence, prevalence, or lethality of COVID-19 in relation with exposure to either short-term or long-term exposure to ambient air pollution were included. All patients regardless of age, sex and location diagnosed as having COVID-19 of any severity were taken into consideration. We synthesised results using harvest plots based on effect direction. RESULTS Included studies were cross-sectional (n = 10), retrospective cohorts (n = 9), ecological (n = 6 of which two were time-series) and hypothesis (n = 1). Of these studies, 52 and 48% assessed the effect of short-term and long-term pollutant exposure, respectively and one evaluated both. Pollutants mostly studied were PM2.5 (64%), NO2 (50%), PM10 (43%) and O3 (29%) for acute effects and PM2.5 (85%), NO2 (39%) and O3 (23%) then PM10 (15%) for chronic effects. Most assessed COVID-19 outcomes were incidence and mortality rate. Acutely, pollutants independently associated with COVID-19 incidence and mortality were first PM2.5 then PM10, NO2 and O3 (only for incident cases). Chronically, similar relationships were found for PM2.5 and NO2. High overall risk of bias judgments (86 and 39% in short-term and long-term exposure studies, respectively) was predominantly due to a failure to adjust aggregated data for important confounders, and to a lesser extent because of a lack of comparative analysis. CONCLUSION The body of evidence indicates that both acute and chronic exposure to air pollution can affect COVID-19 epidemiology. The evidence is unclear for acute exposure due to a higher level of bias in existing studies as compared to moderate evidence with chronic exposure. Public health interventions that help minimize anthropogenic pollutant source and socio-economic injustice/disparities may reduce the planetary threat posed by both COVID-19 and air pollution pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D. M. C. Katoto
- Department of Medicine and Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505 South Africa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine & Centre for Global Health and Tropical Diseases, Catholic University of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Amanda S. Brand
- Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Buket Bakan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Paul Musa Obadia
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Carsi Kuhangana
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, University of Kolwezi, Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Tony Kayembe-Kitenge
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Joseph Pyana Kitenge
- Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Celestin Banza Lubaba Nkulu
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Centre of Environmental Health, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Peter Hoet
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (O&N 706), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Peng S, Lai X, Du Y, Li Y, Tian K, Gan Y. Prevalence and Associated Factors for Depressive Symptomatology in Chinese Adults During COVID-19 Epidemic. Front Psychol 2021; 11:616723. [PMID: 33424729 PMCID: PMC7793739 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.616723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been rapidly transmitted worldwide, which contributed to various psychological problems (such as fear, depression, and anxiety) among the general population in China. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of Chinese adults was conducted during 17–29 February 2020. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Results: A total of 3,399 respondents were included in the analysis. It was observed that 14.2% (481/3,399) of the participants were screened positive for depressive symptoms. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age (OR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99), smoking (OR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.10–2.26), self-rated health (good: OR = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.37–0.66; fairly: OR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.45–0.80), having greater support scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94–0.96), knowledge about the main symptom of COVID-19 (very clearly: OR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.79; relatively clearly: OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.44–0.79), and staying in Wuhan within 3 months before the outbreak of epidemic (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34–2.38) were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of the general population in China had depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 epidemic. Routine screening and targeted interventions for depression are needed among high-risk depressed individuals during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songxu Peng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Lai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yukai Du
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunming Tian
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Tang Y, Tang S, Wang S. The values and limitations of mathematical modelling to COVID-19 in the world: a follow up report. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:2465-2473. [PMID: 33121387 PMCID: PMC7671649 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1843973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We previously described a mathematical model to simulate the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and try to predict how this outbreak might evolve in the following two months when the pandemic cases will drop significantly. Our original paper prepared in March 2020 analyzed the outbreaks of COVID-19 in the US and its selected states to identify the rise, peak, and decrease of cases within a given geographic population, as well as a rough calculation of accumulated total cases in this population from the beginning to the end of June 2020. The current report will describe how well the later actual trend from March to June fit our model and prediction. Similar analyses are also conducted to include countries other than the US. From such a wide global data analysis, our results demonstrated that different US states and countries showed dramatically different patterns of pandemic trend. The values and limitations of our modelling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Tang
- Applied NanoFemto Technologies, LLC, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Sherry Tang
- Department of Pathology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Shixia Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Daw MA, El-Bouzedi AH, Ahmed MO, Alejenef AA. The epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Libya during the ongoing-armed conflict. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 37:219. [PMID: 33520058 PMCID: PMC7821789 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.219.24993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 can have even more dire consequences in countries with ongoing armed conflict. Libya, the second largest African country, has been involved in a major conflict since 2011. This study analyzed the epidemiological situation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Libya, examined the impact of the armed conflict in Libya on the spread of the pandemic, and proposes strategies for dealing with the pandemic during this conflict. We collected the available information on all COVID-19 cases in the different regions of Libya, covering the period from March 25th to May 25th 2020. The cumulative number of cases and the daily new cases are presented in a way to illustrate the patterns and trends of COVID-19, and the effect of the ongoing armed conflict was assessed regionally. A total of 698 cases of COVID-19 were reported in Libya within a period of three months. The number of cases varied from one region to another and was affected by the fighting. The largest number of cases were reported in the southern part of the country, which has been severely affected by the conflict in comparison to the eastern and western parts of the country. This study describes the epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 in Libya and how it has been affected by the ongoing-armed conflict. This conflict seems to have hindered access to populations and there by masked he true dimensions of the pandemic. Hence, efforts should be combined to combat these consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Daw
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, CC 82668, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Mohamed Omar Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, CC 82668, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ali Ali Alejenef
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zentan, Aljabel Alkarbi, Libya
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Tadesse DB, Wahdey S, Negash M, Ayele E, Haile TG, Kiros KG, Tesfamichael YA, Gebrekidan KB. The outcome of COVID-19 among the geriatric age group in African countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asthma Res Pract 2020; 6:11. [PMID: 33047071 PMCID: PMC7541940 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-020-00064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the outbreak of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as a pandemic and public health emergency that infected more than 5 million people worldwide at the time of writing this protocol. Strong evidence for the outcome of COVID-19 among the geriatric age group has not been published in Africa. Therefore, this protocol will be served as a guideline to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcome of COVID-19 among the geriatric age group in Africa. METHODS Published and unpublished studies on the outcome of COVID-19 among the geriatric age group in Africa and written in any language will be included. Databases (PubMed / MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Google, EMBASE, Web of Science, Microsoft Academic, WHO COVID-19 database, Cochran Library, Africa Wide Knowledge, and Africa Index Medicus) from March to August 2020 will be searched. Two independent reviewers will select, screen, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. The proportion will be measured using a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis will be conducted to manage heterogeneity. The presence of publication bias will be assessed using Egger's test and visual inspection of the funnel plots. This systematic and meta-analysis review protocol will be reported per the PRISMA-P guidelines. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol will be expected to quantify the outcome of COVID-19 among the geriatric age group in Africa. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This protocol was submitted for registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) in April 2020 and accepted with the registration number: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO). CRD42020180600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degena Bahrey Tadesse
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
| | - Shishay Wahdey
- Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Negash
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
| | - Ebud Ayele
- Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
| | | | - Kbrom Gemechu Kiros
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | | | - Kiros Belay Gebrekidan
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Forecasting the epidemiological trends of COVID-19 prevalence and mortality using the advanced α-Sutte Indicator. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 148:e236. [PMID: 33012300 PMCID: PMC7562786 DOI: 10.1017/s095026882000237x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Forecasting the epidemics of the diseases is very valuable in planning and supplying resources effectively. This study aims to estimate the epidemiological trends of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevalence and mortality using the advanced α-Sutte Indicator, and its prediction accuracy level was compared with the most frequently adopted autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. Time-series analysis was performed based on the total confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 in the world, Brazil, Peru, Canada and Chile between 27 February 2020 and 30 June 2020. By comparing the prediction reliability indices, including the root mean square error, mean absolute error, mean error rate, mean absolute percentage error and root mean square percentage error, the α-Sutte Indicator was found to produce lower forecasting error rates than the ARIMA model in all data apart from the prevalence testing set globally. The α-Sutte Indicator can be recommended as a useful tool to nowcast and forecast the COVID-19 prevalence and mortality of these regions except for the prevalence around the globe in the near future, which will help policymakers to plan and prepare health resources effectively. Also, the findings of our study may have managerial implications for the outbreak in other countries.
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