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Al-Soufi S, Miranda M, García J, Muíños A, Cegarra E, Nicodemus N, Herrero-Latorre C, López-Alonso M. Elements in Serum, Muscle, Liver, and Kidney of Rabbits Fed Macroalgae-Supplemented Diets. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:263. [PMID: 38921574 PMCID: PMC11204605 DOI: 10.3390/md22060263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The addition of marine macroalgae to animal feed has garnered interest due to the demonstrated benefits of gut health in many livestock species. Most macroalgae have a higher mineral content than terrestrial vegetables, making them an attractive, sustainable source of minerals. However, some macroalgae contain elevated concentrations of iodine and arsenic, which may be transferred to the meat of livestock fed with macroalgae. This study evaluated the mineral profile of rabbit serum, muscle, liver, and kidney of rabbits fed diets supplemented with different marine macroalgae, with the goal of improving post-weaning gut health and reducing reliance on antibiotics. We found increased deposition of iodine in muscle, liver, and kidney due to macroalgae supplementation, which is particularly promising for regions with low iodine endemicity. Higher, though relatively low arsenic concentrations, compared to those in other animal meats and food sources, were also detected in the muscle, liver, and kidney of macroalgae-fed rabbits. The absence of apparent interactions with other micronutrients, particularly selenium, suggests that the inclusion of macroalgae in rabbit diets will not affect the overall mineral content. Enhanced bioavailability of elements such as phosphorus and iron may provide additional benefits, potentially reducing the need for mineral supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabela Al-Soufi
- Departamento de Patoloxía Animal, Facultade de Veterinaria, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (S.A.-S.); (M.L.-A.)
| | - Marta Miranda
- Departamento de Anatomía, Produción Animal e Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultade de Veterinaria, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Javier García
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (N.N.)
| | | | | | - Nuria Nicodemus
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Carlos Herrero-Latorre
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Marta López-Alonso
- Departamento de Patoloxía Animal, Facultade de Veterinaria, Campus Terra, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (S.A.-S.); (M.L.-A.)
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2
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Patil V, Sun L, Mohite V, Liang J, Wang D, Gao Y, Chen C. Effect of benthic and planktonic diatoms on the growth and biochemical composition of the commercial macroalga Pyropia haitanensis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116411. [PMID: 38733890 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into how two ecotypes of diatom affect the Pyropia haitanensis, a valuable and commercial red macroalga. We co-cultivated P. haitanensis with a planktonic diatom Skeletonema costatum and benthic diatom Navicula climacospheniae. The results showed that benthic diatom significantly hindered P. haitanensis growth, while planktonic ones had no major impact. The macroalga restrained planktonic diatom growth but did not affect benthic diatom. Photosynthetic pigments of macroalga, except chlorophyll, were higher, indicating stress when exposed to diatoms. Microscopic images revealed dense benthic diatom attachment, potentially stressing thalli due to limited light and EPS secretion. Total carbohydrate slightly decreased in both diatom treatments, while total protein significantly decreased with increasing benthic diatom densities. In summary, benthic diatom notably influenced P. haitanensis growth, pigments, and total protein levels. This study sheds light on the interaction between microalgal ecotypes and commercial macroalga P. haitanensis, which is crucial for its economic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Patil
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of Environment and Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Vitthal Mohite
- Department of Zoology, Thakur College of Science and Commerce, Kandivali (E), Mumbai 400101, India
| | - Junrong Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of Environment and Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of Environment and Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yahui Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of Environment and Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Changping Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of Environment and Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
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3
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Karabulut G, Purkiewicz A, Goksen G. Recent developments and challenges in algal protein and peptide extraction strategies, functional and technological properties, bioaccessibility, and commercial applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13372. [PMID: 38795380 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
The burgeoning demand for protein, exacerbated by population growth and recent disruptions in the food supply chain, has prompted a rapid exploration of sustainable protein alternatives. Among these alternatives, algae stand out for their environmental benefits, rapid growth, and rich protein content. However, the widespread adoption of algae-derived proteins faces significant challenges. These include issues related to harvesting, safety, scalability, high cost, standardization, commercialization, and regulatory hurdles. Particularly daunting is the efficient extraction of algal proteins, as their resilient cell walls contain approximately 70% of the protein content, with conventional methods accessing only a fraction of this. Overcoming this challenge necessitates the development of cost-effective, scalable, and environmentally friendly cell disruption techniques capable of breaking down these rigid cell walls, often laden with viscous polysaccharides. Various approaches, including physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods, offer potential solutions, albeit with varying efficacy depending on the specific algal strain and energy transfer efficiency. Moreover, there remains a pressing need for further research to elucidate the functional, technological, and bioaccessible properties of algal proteins and peptides, along with exploring their diverse commercial applications. Despite these obstacles, algae hold considerable promise as a sustainable protein source, offering a pathway to meet the escalating nutritional demands of a growing global population. This review highlights the nutritional, technological, and functional aspects of algal proteins and peptides while underscoring the challenges hindering their widespread adoption. It emphasizes the critical importance of establishing a sustainable trajectory for food production, with algae playing a pivotal role in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Karabulut
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Aleksandra Purkiewicz
- Department of Commodity Science and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Türkiye
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4
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Apud GR, Kristof I, Ledesma SC, Stivala MG, Aredes Fernandez PA. Health-promoting peptides in fermented beverages. Rev Argent Microbiol 2024:S0325-7541(24)00022-1. [PMID: 38599912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, the consumption of fermented low-alcoholic beverages has enjoyed widespread popularity in various countries, because of their distinct flavors and health benefits. Several studies have demonstrated that light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with beneficial effects on human health, mainly in cardiovascular disease prevention. Fermented beverages have different non-ethanol components that confer beneficial health effects. These bioactive compounds are mainly peptides that have often been overlooked or poorly explored in numerous fermented beverages. The aim of this review is to provide knowledge and generate interest in the biological activities of peptides that are present and/or released during the fermentation process of widely consumed traditional fermented beverages. Additionally, a brief description of the microorganisms involved in these beverages is provided. Furthermore, this review also explores topics related to the detection, isolation, and identification of peptides, addressing the structure-activity relationships of both antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisselle Raquel Apud
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Irina Kristof
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Silvana Cecilia Ledesma
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Maria Gilda Stivala
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Pedro Adrian Aredes Fernandez
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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5
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Girão M, Alexandrino DAM, Cao W, Costa I, Jia Z, Carvalho MF. Unveiling the culturable and non-culturable actinobacterial diversity in two macroalgae species from the northern Portuguese coast. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16620. [PMID: 38627038 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Actinomycetota, associated with macroalgae, remains one of the least explored marine niches. The secondary metabolism of Actinomycetota, the primary microbial source of compounds relevant to biotechnology, continues to drive research into the distribution, dynamics, and metabolome of these microorganisms. In this study, we employed a combination of traditional cultivation and metagenomic analysis to investigate the diversity of Actinomycetota in two native macroalgae species from the Portuguese coast. We obtained and taxonomically identified a collection of 380 strains, which were distributed across 12 orders, 15 families, and 25 genera affiliated with the Actinomycetia class, with Streptomyces making up approximately 60% of the composition. Metagenomic results revealed the presence of Actinomycetota in both Chondrus crispus and Codium tomentosum datasets, with relative abundances of 11% and 2%, respectively. This approach identified 12 orders, 16 families, and 17 genera affiliated with Actinomycetota, with minimal overlap with the cultivation results. Acidimicrobiales emerged as the dominant actinobacterial order in both macroalgae, although no strain affiliated with this taxonomic group was successfully isolated. Our findings suggest that macroalgae represent a hotspot for Actinomycetota. The synergistic use of both culture-dependent and independent approaches proved beneficial, enabling the identification and recovery of not only abundant but also rare taxonomic members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Girão
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo A M Alexandrino
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Weiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Isabel Costa
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Zhongjun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Maria F Carvalho
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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6
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Ou Y, Xu L, Chen M, Lu X, Guo Z, Zheng B. Structure and Antidiabetic Activity of a Glycoprotein from Porphyra haitanensis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16763-16776. [PMID: 37877414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel antidiabetic glycoprotein (PG) was isolated and purified from Porphyra haitanensis, and its structure and inhibiting activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were analyzed. The purity of the PG was 95.29 ± 0.21%, and its molecular weight was 163.024 ± 5.55 kDa. The PG had a tetramer structure with α- and β-subunits, and it contained 54.12 ± 0.86% protein (with highly hydrophobic amino acids) and 41.19% ± 0.64% carbohydrate (composed of galactose). The PG was linked via an O-glycosidic bond, exhibiting an α-helical structure and high stability. In addition, the PG inhibited the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, by changing the enzyme's structure toward the PG's structure in a noncompetitive inhibition mode. Molecular docking results showed that the PG inhibited α-amylase activity by hydrophobic interaction, whereas it inhibited α-glucosidase activity by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction. Overall, the PG was linked to polysaccharides via O-glycosidic bonds, showing an α-helical configuration and a hydrophobic effect, which altered the configuration of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and exerted hypoglycemic activity. This study provides insights into analyzing the structure and antidiabetic activity of glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ou
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lijingting Xu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingrong Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zebin Guo
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
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7
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González-Meza GM, Elizondo-Luevano JH, Cuellar-Bermudez SP, Sosa-Hernández JE, Iqbal HMN, Melchor-Martínez EM, Parra-Saldívar R. New Perspective for Macroalgae-Based Animal Feeding in the Context of Challenging Sustainable Food Production. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3609. [PMID: 37896072 PMCID: PMC10610262 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Food production is facing challenging times due to the pandemic, and climate change. With production expected to double by 2050, there is a need for a new paradigm in sustainable animal feed supply. Seaweeds offer a highly valuable opportunity in this regard. Seaweeds are classified into three categories: brown (Phaeophyceae), red (Rhodophyceae), and green (Chlorophyceae). While they have traditionally been used in aquafeed, their demand in the feed market is growing, parallelly increasing according to the food demand. Additionally, seaweeds are being promoted for their nutritional benefits, which contribute to the health, growth, and performance of animals intended for human consumption. Moreover, seaweeds contain biologically active compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants (polyphenols), and pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), which possess beneficial properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects and act as prebiotics. This review offers a new perspective on the valorization of macroalgae biomass due to their nutritional profile and bioactive components, which have the potential to play a crucial role in animal growth and making possible new sources of healthy food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia M. González-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Joel H. Elizondo-Luevano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Sara P. Cuellar-Bermudez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda M. Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.M.G.-M.); (J.H.E.-L.); (J.E.S.-H.); (H.M.N.I.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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8
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González-Chavarría I, Roa FJ, Sandoval F, Muñoz-Flores C, Kappes T, Acosta J, Bertinat R, Altamirano C, Valenzuela A, Sánchez O, Fernández K, Toledo JR. Chitosan Microparticles Enhance the Intestinal Release and Immune Response of an Immune Stimulant Peptide in Oncorhynchus mykiss. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14685. [PMID: 37834146 PMCID: PMC10572396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is constantly increasing its fish production to provide enough products to maintain fish consumption worldwide. However, the increased production generates susceptibility to infectious diseases that cause losses of millions of dollars to the industry. Conventional treatments are based on antibiotics and antivirals to reduce the incidence of pathogens, but they have disadvantages, such as antibiotic resistance generation, antibiotic residues in fish, and environmental damage. Instead, functional foods with active compounds, especially antimicrobial peptides that allow the generation of prophylaxis against infections, provide an interesting alternative, but protection against gastric degradation is challenging. In this study, we evaluated a new immunomodulatory recombinant peptide, CATH-FLA, which is encapsulated in chitosan microparticles to avoid gastric degradation. The microparticles were prepared using a spray drying method. The peptide release from the microparticles was evaluated at gastric and intestinal pH, both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the biological activity of the formulation was evaluated by measuring the expression of il-1β, il-8, ifn-γ, Ifn-α, and mx1 in the head kidney and intestinal tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The results showed that the chitosan microparticles protect the CATH-FLA recombinant peptide from gastric degradation, allowing its release in the intestinal portion of rainbow trout. The microparticle-protected CATH-FLA recombinant peptide increased the expression of il-1β, il-8, ifn-γ, ifn-α, and mx1 in the head kidney and intestine and improved the antiprotease activity in rainbow trout. These results suggest that the chitosan microparticle/CATH-FLA recombinant peptide could be a potential prophylactic alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of infectious diseases in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván González-Chavarría
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Francisco J. Roa
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Felipe Sandoval
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Flores
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Tomas Kappes
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (T.K.); (K.F.)
| | - Jannel Acosta
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Romina Bertinat
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares, Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile;
| | - Ariel Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Fish Culture and Aquatic Pathology, Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Oliberto Sánchez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Katherina Fernández
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (T.K.); (K.F.)
| | - Jorge R. Toledo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (I.G.-C.); (F.J.R.); (F.S.); (C.M.-F.); (J.A.); (R.B.); (O.S.)
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9
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Biparva P, Mirzapour-Kouhdasht A, Valizadeh S, Garcia-Vaquero M. Advanced Processing of Giant Kelp ( Macrocystis pyrifera) for Protein Extraction and Generation of Hydrolysates with Anti-Hypertensive and Antioxidant Activities In Vitro and the Thermal/Ionic Stability of These Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030775. [PMID: 36979023 PMCID: PMC10045072 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, giant kelp was explored under various conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions for the extraction of protein, its hydrolysis, and ultrafiltration to generate multiple fractions. The amino acid composition of all the fractions and their biological activities in vitro, including angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE) inhibitory activity and antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power (RP), and ferrous chelating (FC) activities) were tested by storing the compounds for 2 weeks at various temperatures (-20-60 °C) and pHs (2-11) to elucidate their thermal and ionic stability, respectively. The yield of protein extraction using the conventional method was lower (≈39%) compared to the use of UAE (150 W, 15 min), which achieved protein recoveries of approximately 60%. After enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration, low-molecular-weight (MW) hydrolysates had the highest levels of ACE inhibitory (80%), DPPH (84%), RP (0.71 mM trolox equivalents), and FC (81%) activities. Amino acids associated with peptides of high biological activities, such as Val, Ala, Asx, Gly, Lys, Met, Leu, and His, were at higher levels in the low MW fraction compared to any other sample. The biological activities in vitro of all the samples fluctuated under the multiple storage conditions studied, with the highest stability of all the samples appreciated at -20 °C and pH 7. This study shows for the first time the use of giant kelp as a promising source of bioactive peptides and indicates the optimum processing and storing conditions for the use of these compounds as nutraceuticals or functional foods that could help in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders and multiple chronic diseases associated with oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Biparva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz P.O. Box 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Armin Mirzapour-Kouhdasht
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shahriyar Valizadeh
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz P.O. Box 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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10
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Perez-Vazquez A, Carpena M, Barciela P, Cassani L, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA. Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Seaweeds for Food Industry Application: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030612. [PMID: 36978860 PMCID: PMC10045370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are an underutilized food in the Western world, but they are widely consumed in Asia, with China being the world’s larger producer. Seaweeds have gained attention in the food industry in recent years because of their composition, which includes polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, dietary fiber, and various bioactive compounds such as vitamins, essential minerals, phenolic compounds, and pigments. Extraction techniques, ranging from more traditional techniques such as maceration to novel technologies, are required to obtain these components. Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a green technique that uses high temperatures and pressure applied in conjunction with a solvent to extract components from a solid matrix. To improve the efficiency of this technique, different parameters such as the solvent, temperature, pressure, extraction time and number of cycles should be carefully optimized. It is important to note that PLE conditions allow for the extraction of target analytes in a short-time period while using less solvent and maintaining a high yield. Moreover, the combination of PLE with other techniques has been already applied to extract compounds from different matrices, including seaweeds. In this way, the combination of PLE-SFE-CO2 seems to be the best option considering both the higher yields obtained and the economic feasibility of a scaling-up approximation. In addition, the food industry is interested in incorporating the compounds extracted from edible seaweeds into food packaging (including edible coating, bioplastics and bio-nanocomposites incorporated into bioplastics), food products and animal feed to improve their nutritional profile and technological properties. This review attempts to compile and analyze the current data available regarding the application of PLE in seaweeds to determine the use of this extraction technique as a method to obtain active compounds of interest for food industry application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Perez-Vazquez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Maria Carpena
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Paula Barciela
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Lucia Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (J.S.-G.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (J.S.-G.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E32004 Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (J.S.-G.); (M.A.P.)
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11
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An Overview on Antimicrobial Potential of Edible Terrestrial Plants and Marine Macroalgae Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta Extracts. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030163. [PMID: 36976212 PMCID: PMC10058896 DOI: 10.3390/md21030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. After a prolonged use of antibiotics, it may happen that bacteria adapt to their presence, developing antibiotic resistance and bringing up health complications. Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health and food security; therefore, scientists have been searching for new classes of antibiotic compounds which naturally express antimicrobial activity. In recent decades, research has been focused on the extraction of plant compounds to treat microbial infections. Plants are potential sources of biological compounds that express several biological functions beneficial for our organism, including antimicrobial activity. The high variety of compounds of natural origin makes it possible to have a great bioavailability of antibacterial molecules to prevent different infections. The antimicrobial activity of marine plants, also called seaweeds or macroalgae, for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and several other strains infective for humans, has been proven. The present review presents research focused on the extraction of antimicrobial compounds from red and green macroalgae (domain Eukarya, kingdom Plantae). Nevertheless, further research is needed to verify the action of macroalgae compounds against bacteria in vitro and in vivo, to be involved in the production of safe and novel antibiotics.
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12
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Healy LE, Zhu X, Pojic M, Poojary MM, Curtin J, Tiwari U, Sullivan C, Tiwari BK. Impact of dry, particle-size fractionation on protein and amino acid content of three seaweed species. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2120001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Healy
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xianglu Zhu
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Milica Pojic
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mahesha M Poojary
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - James Curtin
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uma Tiwari
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carl Sullivan
- Department of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology,Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Exploration of marine red seaweed as a dietary fish meal replacement and its potentiality on growth, hematological, biochemical, and enzyme activity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:395. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Ashkenazi DY, Segal Y, Ben-Valid S, Paz G, Tsubery MN, Salomon E, Abelson A, Israel Á. Enrichment of nutritional compounds in seaweeds via abiotic stressors in integrated aquaculture. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Purcell D, Packer MA, Hayes M. Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Protein Hydrolysates Generated from the Macroalga Laminaria digitata (Hudson) JV Lamouroux 1813. Foods 2022; 11:1792. [PMID: 35741988 PMCID: PMC9222848 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have a long history of use as both food and medicine, especially in Asian cultures. Moreover, there is growing interest in the use of seaweed ingredients and bioactive compounds in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. One ailment that seaweed bioactive compounds may impact is hypertension caused by the enzyme Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE-1; EC 3.4.15.1), found within the Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS), which causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels, including veins and arteries. The aim of this paper is to generate bioactive peptide containing protein hydrolysates from the brown seaweed Laminaria digitata (Hudson) JV Lamouroux 1813. Proteins were extracted from this seaweed by disrupting the seaweed cell wall using a combination of carbohydrases and proteolytic enzymes. Bioactive peptide containing permeates were generated from L. digitata protein hydrolysates, and both hydrolysates and permeates were screened for their ability to inhibit the enzyme ACE-1. The protein content of the permeate fractions was found to be 23.87% compared to the untreated seaweed, which contained 15.08% protein using LECO analysis. Hydrolysis and filtration resulted in a "white" protein powder, and the protein content of this powder increased by 9% compared to the whole seaweed. The total amino acid (TAA) content of the L. digitata protein permeate was 53.65 g/100 g of the sample, and contains over 32% essential amino acids (EAA). Furthermore, the L. digitata permeate was found to inhibit the ACE-1 enzyme by 75% when compared to the commercial drug Captopril© when assayed at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The inhibition of ACE-1 (the IC50 value) of 590 µg/mL for the L. digitata permeate compares well with Captopril©, which had 100% inhibition of ACE-1, with an IC50 value of 500 µg/mL. This study indicates that there is potential to develop protein powders with ACE-1 inhibitory bioactivities from the brown seaweed L. digitata using enzymatic hydrolysis as a cell disruption and protein extraction/hydrolysate generation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Purcell
- Food BioSciences, Teagasc, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland;
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street, Nelson 7010, New Zealand;
| | | | - Maria Hayes
- Food BioSciences, Teagasc, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland;
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16
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Sun R, Na X, Zheng X, Chen Y, Du M, Wang T, Wu C. Co‐folding scallop muscle proteins with soy β‐conglycinin or glycinin towards composites with tunable solubility and digestibility. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruitong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Xiaokang Na
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Xiaohan Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Yeming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Ming Du
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Chao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 China
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17
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Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060362. [PMID: 35736165 PMCID: PMC9227170 DOI: 10.3390/md20060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no known cure for neurodegenerative disease. However, the available therapies aim to manage some of the symptoms of the disease. Human neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells and nervous system dysfunction related to several mechanisms such as protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmission dysfunction. Neuroprotective compounds are essential in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the neurodegeneration mechanisms and the compounds (proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polysaccharides, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, phenolic compounds, among others) present in seaweeds that have shown in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective activity. Additionally, it will cover the recent findings on the neuroprotective effects of bioactive compounds from macroalgae, with a focus on their biological potential and possible mechanism of action, including microbiota modulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal digestion, absorption, and bioavailability will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical trials using seaweed-based drugs or extracts to treat neurodegenerative disorders will be presented, showing the real potential and limitations that a specific metabolite or extract may have as a new therapeutic agent considering the recent approval of a seaweed-based drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
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18
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El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed AA, Mohamed HI, Ramadan KMA, Barqawi AA, Mansour AT. Phytochemical and Potential Properties of Seaweeds and Their Recent Applications: A Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060342. [PMID: 35736145 PMCID: PMC9227187 DOI: 10.3390/md20060342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, seaweeds have been employed as source of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that could act as key medicinal components. Furthermore, research into the biological activity of certain seaweed compounds has progressed significantly, with an emphasis on their composition and application for human and animal nutrition. Seaweeds have many uses: they are consumed as fodder, and have been used in medicines, cosmetics, energy, fertilizers, and industrial agar and alginate biosynthesis. The beneficial effects of seaweed are mostly due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, phenols, polysaccharides, and sterols, as well as several other bioactive compounds. These compounds seem to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic activities. Recent advances and limitations for seaweed bioactive as a nutraceutical in terms of bioavailability are explored in order to better comprehend their therapeutic development. To further understand the mechanism of action of seaweed chemicals, more research is needed as is an investigation into their potential usage in pharmaceutical companies and other applications, with the ultimate objective of developing sustainable and healthier products. The objective of this review is to collect information about the role of seaweeds on nutritional, pharmacological, industrial, and biochemical applications, as well as their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Amal A. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia;
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Science Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Khaled M. A. Ramadan
- Central Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Aminah A. Barqawi
- Chemistry Department, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Animal and Fish Production Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt
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19
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Ahmad A, W Hassan S, Banat F. An overview of microalgae biomass as a sustainable aquaculture feed ingredient: food security and circular economy. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9521-9547. [PMID: 35387561 PMCID: PMC9161971 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable management of natural resources is critical to food security. The shrimp feed and fishery sector is expanding rapidly, necessitating the development of alternative sustainable components. Several factors necessitate the exploration of a new source of environmentally friendly and nutrient-rich fish feed ingredients. Microalgal biomass has the potential to support the growth of fish and shrimp aquaculture for global food security in the bio-economy. Algal biorefineries must valorize the whole crop to develop a viable microalgae-based economy. Microalgae have the potential to replace fish meal and fish oil in aquaculture and ensure sustainability standards. Microalgae biomasses provide essential amino acids, valuable triglycerides such as lipids, vitamins, and pigments, making them suitable as nutritional supplements in livestock feed formulations. Fish and microalgae have similar nutritional profiles, and digestibility is a critical aspect of the aquafeed formulation. A highly digestible feed reduces production costs, feed waste, and the risk of eutrophication. Due to low input costs, low carbon footprint, wastewater treatment benefits, and carbon credits from industrial CO2 conversion, microalgae-based fish and shrimp feeds have the potential to provide significant economic benefits. However, several challenges must be addressed before microalgal biomass and bioproducts may be used as fish feeds, including heavy metal bioaccumulation, poor algal biomass digestion, and antinutrient effects. Knowledge of biochemical composition is limited and diverse, and information on nutritional value is scattered or contradictory. This review article presents alternative approaches that could be used in aquaculture to make microalgal biomass a viable alternative to fish meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shadi W Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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20
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Hoseinifar SH, Fazelan Z, Bayani M, Yousefi M, Van Doan H, Yazici M. Dietary red macroalgae (Halopithys incurva) improved systemic an mucosal immune and antioxidant parameters and modulated related gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:164-171. [PMID: 35218971 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of dietary Halopithys incurva, a red macroalgae species, (0.25, 0.50, 1%) on whole-body serum and skin mucus immune system, antioxidant system and expression of various genes in zebrafish were investigated. At the end of the 8-week study, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activities in whole-body serum and skin mucus increased in fish fed H. incurva (P < 0.05). While an increase was observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) which are antioxidant enzyme activities in whole-body serum and skin mucus, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was detected (P < 0.05). All of the immune-related genes examined, such as Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interferon-gamma (INF- γ), were upregulated by the addition of 0.5% H. incurva (P < 0.05). While SOD and GPx, which are antioxidant enzyme-related genes, were remarkably upregulated in macroalgae fed fish (P < 0.05), no change was observed in CAT gene expression (P > 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it is considered that the addition of 0.5% H. incurva to the diets of commercially farmed fish will increase their immune and antioxidant defences and may contribute to the aquaculture sector for more sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Fazelan
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Mahsan Bayani
- Radin Makian Azma Mehr Ltd, Radinmehr Veterinary Laboratory, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Metin Yazici
- Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
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21
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Thermochemical Characterization of Eight Seaweed Species and Evaluation of Their Potential Use as an Alternative for Biofuel Production and Source of Bioactive Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042355. [PMID: 35216471 PMCID: PMC8880020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Algae are underexplored resources in Western countries and novel approaches are needed to boost their industrial exploitation. In this work, eight edible seaweeds were subjected to their valorization in terms of nutritional characterization, thermochemical properties, and bioactive profile. Our results suggest that seaweeds present a rich nutritional profile, in which carbohydrates are present in high proportions, followed by a moderate protein composition and a valuable content of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The thermochemical characterization of seaweeds showed that some macroalgae present a low ash content and high volatile matter and carbon fixation rates, being promising sources for alternative biofuel production. The bioactive profile of seaweeds was obtained from their phenolic and carotenoid content, together with the evaluation of their associated bioactivities. Among all the species analyzed, Porphyra purpurea presented a balanced composition in terms of carbohydrates and proteins and the best thermochemical profile. This species also showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, Himanthalia elongata extracts showed the highest contents of total phenolics and a moderate carotenoid content, which led to the highest rates of antioxidant activity. Overall, these results suggest that seaweeds can be used as food or functional ingredient to increase the nutritional quality of food formulations.
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22
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Macroalgal Proteins: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040571. [PMID: 35206049 PMCID: PMC8871301 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Population growth is the driving change in the search for new, alternative sources of protein. Macroalgae (otherwise known as seaweeds) do not compete with other food sources for space and resources as they can be sustainably cultivated without the need for arable land. Macroalgae are significantly rich in protein and amino acid content compared to other plant-derived proteins. Herein, physical and chemical protein extraction methods as well as novel techniques including enzyme hydrolysis, microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound sonication are discussed as strategies for protein extraction with this resource. The generation of high-value, economically important ingredients such as bioactive peptides is explored as well as the application of macroalgal proteins in human foods and animal feed. These bioactive peptides that have been shown to inhibit enzymes such as renin, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-1), cyclooxygenases (COX), α-amylase and α-glucosidase associated with hypertensive, diabetic, and inflammation-related activities are explored. This paper discusses the significant uses of seaweeds, which range from utilising their anthelmintic and anti-methane properties in feed additives, to food techno-functional ingredients in the formulation of human foods such as ice creams, to utilising their health beneficial ingredients to reduce high blood pressure and prevent inflammation. This information was collated following a review of 206 publications on the use of seaweeds as foods and feeds and processing methods to extract seaweed proteins.
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23
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Samarathunga J, Wijesekara I, Jayasinghe M. Seaweed proteins as a novel protein alternative: Types, extractions, and functional food applications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2023564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayani Samarathunga
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Isuru Wijesekara
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Madhura Jayasinghe
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
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Identification and in silico study of a novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory peptide derived from green seaweed Ulva spp. hydrolysates. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Meng W, Mu T, Marco GV. Seaweeds and microalgal biomass: The future of food and nutraceuticals. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91001-9.00014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Bizzaro G, Vatland AK, Pampanin DM. The One-Health approach in seaweed food production. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106948. [PMID: 34695653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are rich in macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive components and have great potential as sustainable resources in terms of both production and consumption of a desirable food. Still, the seaweed aquaculture industry's rapid growth points out challenges that need to be taken into consideration when assessing environmental integrity, animal, and human health. In this review, the seaweed aquaculture's potential impact on the wildlife and human welfare and the environmental integrity has been evaluated using the One Health approach, a principle in which human, animal, and environmental health outcomes are considered as strictly connected. This is the first effort to implement the One Health concept into the seaweed cultivation assessment, and it is meant to give new perspectives for the growth of this industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Bizzaro
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway; Kvitsøy Seaweed AS, Langøyveien 8, NO-4180 Kvitsøy, Norway.
| | - Ann Kristin Vatland
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway; Kvitsøy Seaweed AS, Langøyveien 8, NO-4180 Kvitsøy, Norway
| | - Daniela M Pampanin
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, NO-4036 Stavanger, Norway
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Min BR, Parker D, Brauer D, Waldrip H, Lockard C, Hales K, Akbay A, Augyte S. The role of seaweed as a potential dietary supplementation for enteric methane mitigation in ruminants: Challenges and opportunities. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:1371-1387. [PMID: 34786510 PMCID: PMC8581222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seaweeds are macroalgae, which can be of many different morphologies, sizes, colors, and chemical profiles. They include brown, red, and green seaweeds. Brown seaweeds have been more investigated and exploited in comparison to other seaweed types for their use in animal feeding studies due to their large sizes and ease of harvesting. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that plant secondary compound-containing seaweeds (e.g., halogenated compounds, phlorotannins, etc.) have the potential to mitigate enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants when added to the diets of beef and dairy cattle. Red seaweeds including Asparagopsis spp. are rich in crude protein and halogenated compounds compared to brown and green seaweeds. When halogenated-containing red seaweeds are used as the active ingredient in ruminant diets, bromoform concentration can be used as an indicator of anti-methanogenic properties. Phlorotannin-containing brown seaweed has also the potential to decrease CH4 production. However, numerous studies examined the possible anti-methanogenic effects of marine seaweeds with inconsistent results. This work reviews existing data associated with seaweeds and in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation, animal performance, and enteric CH4 emissions in ruminants. Increased understanding of the seaweed supplementation related to rumen fermentation and its effect on animal performance and CH4 emissions in ruminants may lead to novel strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions while improving animal productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeng R. Min
- College of Agriculture, Environment and Nutrition Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - David Parker
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - David Brauer
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Heidi Waldrip
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Catherine Lockard
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), 2300 Experiment Station Dr., Bushland, TX 79012, USA
| | - Kristin Hales
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Potential of microalgae as a sustainable feed ingredient for aquaculture. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:1-20. [PMID: 34534593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
An increase in fish consumption, combined with a decrease in wild fish harvest, is driving the aquaculture industry at rapid pace. Today, farmed seafood accounts for about half of all global seafood demand for human consumption. As the aquaculture industry continues to grow, so does the market for aquafeed. Currently, some of the feed ingredients are coming from low-value forage fishes (fish meal) and terrestrial plants. The production of fish meal can't be increased as it would affect the sustainability and ecosystem of the ocean. Similarly, increasing the production of terrestrial plant-based feed leads to deforestation and increased freshwater use. Hence, alternative and environmentally sustainable sources of feed ingredients need to be developed. Microalgae biomasses represent potential feed source ingredients as the cell metabolites of these microorganisms contain a blend of essential amino acids, healthy triglycerides as fat, vitamins, and pigments. In addition to serving as bulk ingredient in aquafeed, their unique array of bioactive compounds can increase the survivability of farmed species, improve coloration and quality of fillet. Microalgae has the highest areal biomass productivities among photosynthetic organisms, including fodder crops, and thus has a high commercial potential. Also, microalgal production has a low water and arable-land footprint, making microalgal-based feed environmentally sustainable. This review paper will explore the potential of producing microalgae biomass as an ingredient of aquaculture feed.
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Joniver CF, Photiades A, Moore PJ, Winters AL, Woolmer A, Adams JM. The global problem of nuisance macroalgal blooms and pathways to its use in the circular economy. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Vucko MJ, de Nys R, Cole AJ. Plant growth-promoting properties of extracts produced by fermenting the freshwater macroalga, Oedogonium intermedium. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Macroalgae as Protein Sources—A Review on Protein Bioactivity, Extraction, Purification and Characterization. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11177969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The increased demand for protein sources combined with a decrease in the available land and water resources have led to a growing interest in macroalgae as alternative protein sources. This review focuses on strategies for macroalgae protein extraction, enrichment and characterization. To date, the protein extraction methods applied to algae include enzymatic hydrolysis, physical processes and chemical extraction. Novel methods, such as pulsed electric field, microwave-assisted, pressurized liquid and supercritical fluid extractions, and the application of smart solvents are discussed. An overview of the use of membranes and other processes to generate high-value protein concentrates from algae extracts is also presented, as well as some examples of the methods used for their characterization. The potential bioactivities from macroalgae-derived proteins and peptides, including novel glycoproteins and lectins, are briefly reviewed.
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Dodd SAS, Shoveller AK, Fascetti AJ, Yu ZZ, Ma DWL, Verbrugghe A. A Comparison of Key Essential Nutrients in Commercial Plant-Based Pet Foods Sold in Canada to American and European Canine and Feline Dietary Recommendations. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082348. [PMID: 34438805 PMCID: PMC8388700 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Plant-based pet foods appear to be growing in popularity, but it is unclear how suitable these products are for dogs and cats, considering both species naturally consume diets rich in, or exclusively comprised of, animal tissues. Laboratory analyses of essential nutrients were performed on 26 plant-based diets available in Ontario, Canada in 2018, including 18 canine products (13 products labelled for adult maintenance, four for all life stages, one for puppy growth), 5 feline products (two for adult maintenance and three for all life stages), and 3 products labelled for both dogs and cats (one for adult maintenance and two for all life stages). The nutrient measurements were compared to industry standard nutrient profiles. Four products met the recommendations of the Association of American Feed Control Officials and one product the nutrient recommendations of the European Pet Food Industry Federation for adult dogs. No diets met recommended nutrient content for adult cats or growing puppies or kittens. Nutrients most commonly found to be insufficient were: sulfur amino acids, taurine, arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA, calcium phosphorus and vitamin D. These nutrients are all typically found in animal tissues, though non-animal sources are available, and require careful formulation or supplementation in products made without animal-derived ingredients. Compliance with Canadian labelling regulation and guidelines was poor. These problems do not appear to be exclusive to plant-based foods and have been demonstrated previously in commercially available animal-based products as well. This study demonstrates areas where manufacturers of plant-based pet foods must improve formulation and/or manufacturing practices to produce products appropriate for feeding cats and dogs. Abstract Plant-based foods intended for feeding dogs and cats are available in Canada, though few studies have examined the suitability of plant-based foods for dogs and cats. All commercial plant-based extruded and wet pet food products available in Ontario, Canada, in 2018 (n = 26) were acquired and analysed for energy, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and vitamins A, B12, D2 and D3. Results were compared with recommendations of the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) and the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF). Thirteen products were labelled for adult canine maintenance, four for canine all life stages, one for puppy growth, two for adult feline maintenance, three for feline all life stages, one for adult maintenance of dogs and cats and two for all life stages of dogs and cats. Four products met AAFCO and one product met FEDIAF nutrient recommendations for canine maintenance. No diets met AAFCO or FEDIAF recommendations for feline maintenance or growth for either species. Nutrients most commonly found insufficient were: sulfur amino acids, taurine, arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA, calcium phosphorus and vitamin D. There were no nutrients unable to be provided from non-animal sources. Compliance with labelling guidelines was also poor, similar to other findings with commercial animal-based pet products. The results from this study indicate areas where producers of plant-based pet foods must improve to meet the industry recommended nutrient profiles and labelling requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. S. Dodd
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Anna K. Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Andrea J. Fascetti
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.J.F.); (Z.Z.Y.)
| | - Zengshou Z. Yu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.J.F.); (Z.Z.Y.)
| | - David W. L. Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Adronie Verbrugghe
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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Delis-Hechavarria EA, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Ocampo-Velazquez R, Gomez-Soto JG, Vargas-Hernandez M, Parola-Contreras I, Torres-Pacheco I. Functional Food for Rabbits. Current Approaches and Trends to Increase Functionality. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1939711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. G. Guevara-Gonzalez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - R.V. Ocampo-Velazquez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - J. G. Gomez-Soto
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Natural Science College, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - M. Vargas-Hernandez
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - I. Parola-Contreras
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - I. Torres-Pacheco
- Autonomus University of Queretaro. Engeneering Faculty, Campus Amazcala, Queretaro, Mexico
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Azizi MN, Loh TC, Foo HL, Akit H, Izuddin WI, Shazali N, Teik Chung EL, Samsudin AA. Chemical Compositions of Brown and Green Seaweed, and Effects on Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072147. [PMID: 34359273 PMCID: PMC8300727 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aimed to analyse the nutritional properties and apparent ileal digestibility of brown and green seaweed on broiler chickens. Proximate content, mineral and amino acid contents were analysed. In addition, the gross energy value of brown and green seaweed was measured. A digestibility trial was conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility of seaweed in broiler chickens. Apparent metabolisable energy was determined as well in this study. Birds were fed with 90.30% seaweed-based diet with an indigestible marker. At the end of the feeding trial, birds were euthanised and ileal digesta was collected. Nutrient contents of experimental feed and digesta were analysed, and gross energy was measured. The results revealed that there was no significant difference in the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude lipid and ash contents among the brown and green seaweed-based diets. The findings also demonstrated that the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and crude fibre was significantly higher in brown seaweed compared to green seaweed. Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed in the apparent digestibility of metabolisable energy between the types of seaweed. Abstract This study aimed to analyse the nutritional properties, apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of broiler chickens fed with brown seaweed (BS) and green seaweed (GS). Proximate analysis was performed to determine the nutrient composition of seaweed. The amino acids were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the minerals content. The gross energy (GE) was determined using a fully automatic bomb calorimeter, and the AME value was calculated. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was used as an indigestible marker to calculate the AID. A digestibility trial was conducted to investigate the effects of seaweeds on crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE), dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), amino acids (AA) and minerals digestibility, and AME on broiler chickens. Thirty-six broiler chickens were randomly distributed into two dietary treatment groups with six replicates and three birds per replicate. Results showed that brown and green seaweed was a source of macro and micronutrients. For the AME and AID of seaweed-based diets, the results showed that the AME value for BS and GS was 2894.13 and 2780.70 kcal/kg, respectively. The AID of BS and GS was 88.82% and 86.8% for EE, 82.03% and 80.6% for OM, 60.69% and 57.80% for CP, 48.56 and 44.02% for CF, and 17.97 and 19.40% for ash contents, respectively. Meanwhile, the AID of CP and CF was significantly higher for BS compared to the GS. Findings showed that the AID of various AA was 40.96 to 77.54%, and the AID of selected minerals (Ca, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe) for both BS and GS groups were above 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naeem Azizi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
- Department of Pre-Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University ANASTU, Kandahar 3801, Afghanistan
| | - Teck Chwen Loh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
- Institutes of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-397694814
| | - Hooi Ling Foo
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia;
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
| | - Henny Akit
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Wan Ibrahim Izuddin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Nurhazirah Shazali
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
- Institutes of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
| | - Anjas Asmara Samsudin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (M.N.A.); (H.A.); (W.I.I.); (N.S.); (E.L.T.C.); (A.A.S.)
- Institutes of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
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Geada P, Moreira C, Silva M, Nunes R, Madureira L, Rocha CMR, Pereira RN, Vicente AA, Teixeira JA. Algal proteins: Production strategies and nutritional and functional properties. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125125. [PMID: 33865652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Animal-based proteins are the most consumed worldwide given their well-balanced nutritional composition. However, the growing demand for animal proteins will not be sustainable due to their low conversion efficiency and high environmental footprint. Specific consumers' dietary restrictions and modern trends emphasize the importance of finding alternative sustainable non-animal sources to meet future food (and, in particular, protein) global needs. Algal biomass is considered a relevant alternative, presenting advantages over terrestrial biomass such as higher growth rate, low water consumption, no competition for arable land, carbon-neutral emissions, and production of numerous bioactive compounds. This review provides an overview of recent research advances on algae as source of proteins, including production strategies from relevant protein-producing species. Particular emphasis will be given to algae protein current applications and forthcoming challenges of their use. Nutritional and functional aspects of algae biomass or its protein-enriched fractions will be overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Geada
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina Moreira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Rafaela Nunes
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Leandro Madureira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cristina M R Rocha
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo N Pereira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - António A Vicente
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José A Teixeira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Krogdahl Å, Jaramillo-Torres A, Ahlstrøm Ø, Chikwati E, Aasen IM, Kortner TM. Protein value and health aspects of the seaweeds Saccharina latissima and Palmaria palmata evaluated with mink as model for monogastric animals. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abu Hafsa SH, Khalel MS, El-Gindy YM, Hassan AA. Nutritional potential of marine and freshwater algae as dietary supplements for growing rabbits. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1928557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salma H. Abu Hafsa
- Livestock Research Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Khalel
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Yassmine M. El-Gindy
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. Hassan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
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Cabral EM, Oliveira M, Mondala JRM, Curtin J, Tiwari BK, Garcia-Vaquero M. Antimicrobials from Seaweeds for Food Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19040211. [PMID: 33920329 PMCID: PMC8070350 DOI: 10.3390/md19040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential growth of emerging multidrug-resistant microorganisms, including foodborne pathogens affecting the shelf-life and quality of foods, has recently increased the needs of the food industry to search for novel, natural and eco-friendly antimicrobial agents. Macroalgae are a bio-diverse group distributed worldwide, known to produce multiple compounds of diverse chemical nature, different to those produced by terrestrial plants. These novel compounds have shown promising health benefits when incorporated into foods, including antimicrobial properties. This review aims to provide an overview of the general methods and novel compounds with antimicrobial properties recently isolated and characterized from macroalgae, emphasizing the molecular pathways of their antimicrobial mechanisms of action. The current scientific evidence on the use of macroalgae or macroalgal extracts to increase the shelf-life of foods and prevent the development of foodborne pathogens in real food products and their influence on the sensory attributes of multiple foods (i.e., meat, dairy, beverages, fish and bakery products) will also be discussed, together with the main challenges and future trends of the use of marine natural products as antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda M. Cabral
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Ashtown, 15 Dublin, Ireland; (E.M.C.); (B.K.T.)
| | - Márcia Oliveira
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology and Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Julie R. M. Mondala
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, College of Sciences & Health, Technological University Dublin-City Campus, 7 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.M.); (J.C.)
| | - James Curtin
- School of Food Science & Environmental Health, College of Sciences & Health, Technological University Dublin-City Campus, 7 Dublin, Ireland; (J.R.M.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Brijesh K. Tiwari
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Ashtown, 15 Dublin, Ireland; (E.M.C.); (B.K.T.)
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Garcia-Vaquero M, Rajauria G, Miranda M, Sweeney T, Lopez-Alonso M, O’Doherty J. Seasonal Variation of the Proximate Composition, Mineral Content, Fatty Acid Profiles and Other Phytochemical Constituents of Selected Brown Macroalgae. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:204. [PMID: 33916596 PMCID: PMC8066787 DOI: 10.3390/md19040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective was to determine the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and mineral profiles of three commercially relevant brown macroalgae (Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea and Ascophyllum nodosum) collected each season for two years off the west coast of Ireland. All the chemical, phytochemical, fatty acid and minerals analysed varied significantly depending on the macroalgal species, season and year of collection. Overall, the protein contents of macroalgae were negatively correlated with carbohydrate content. Protein (2-11%) was at its highest during winter and/or spring, decreasing to a minimum during summer and/or autumn. The three macroalgal species analysed in this study had clearly differentiated fatty acid profiles. The concentration of fatty acids was higher in A. nodosum compared with both Laminaria species. The mineral profile of the three macroalgal species was rich in essential metals, particularly Ca, Mg and P, while the levels of I were approximately 9- to 10-fold higher in both Laminaria spp. compared with A. nodosum. The levels of toxic metals (Cd, Hg and Pb) in all the macroalgal species studied were low in the current study; while the levels of total As were high (49-64 mg/kg DW macroalgae) compared with previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
| | - Marta Miranda
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Marta Lopez-Alonso
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - John O’Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (M.G.-V.); (G.R.)
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Naiel MA, Alagawany M, Patra AK, El-Kholy AI, Amer MS, Abd El-Hack ME. Beneficial impacts and health benefits of macroalgae phenolic molecules on fish production. AQUACULTURE 2021; 534:736186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Abstract
Global population growth, increased life expectancy and climate change are all impacting world's food systems. In industrialised countries, many individuals are consuming significantly more protein than needed to maintain health, with the majority being obtained from animal products, including meat, dairy, fish and other aquatic animals. Current animal production systems are responsible for a large proportion of land and fresh-water use, and directly contributing to climate change through the production of greenhouse gases. Overall, approximately 60% of the global protein produced is used for animal and fish feed. Concerns about their impact on both human, and planetary health, have led to calls to dramatically curb our consumption of animal products. Underutilised plants, insects and single-cell organisms are all actively being considered as alternative protein sources. Each present challenges that need to be met before they can become economically viable and safe alternatives for food or feed. Many plant species contain anti-nutritional factors that impair the digestion and absorption of protein and micronutrients. Insects represent a potentially rich source of high-quality protein although, questions remain relating to digestibility, allergenicity and biosecurity. Algae, fungi and bacteria are also a rich source of protein and there is growing interest in the development of 'cultured meat' using stem cell technology. For the foreseeable future, it appears likely that the 'protein-economy' will remain mixed. The present paper reviews progress and future opportunities in the development of novel protein sources as food and animal feed.
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Innovative processing strategies and technologies to obtain hydrocolloids from macroalgae for food applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Laura AP, Múzquiz de la Garza AR, Elena PM, Gutiérrez-Uribe JA, Armando TC, Cruz-Suárez LE, Serna-Saldívar SO. Effects of Ecklonia arborea or Silvetia compressa algae intake on serum lipids and hepatic fat accumulation in Wistar rats fed hyperlipidic diets. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saturno JFL, Dilawar MA, Mun HS, Kim DH, Rathnayake D, Yang CJ. Meat Composition, Fatty Acid Profile and Sensory Attributes of Meat from Goats Fed Diet Supplemented with Fermented Saccharina japonica and Dendropanax morbifera. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070937. [PMID: 32679921 PMCID: PMC7404804 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 90-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with three concentrations (control or 0%, 0.5% and 1.0%) of fermented Saccharina japonica and Dendropanax morbifera (FSJ-DM) on the meat composition, growth performance, oxidative stability and fatty acid profile of Korean native black goat (KNBG) meat. The feed conversion ratio and body weight gain (1st to 2nd month) were improved significantly (p < 0.05) in response to feed supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM. Moisture content was increased, whereas ether extract and cholesterol contents were decreased in meat obtained from goats supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM dietary feeds (p < 0.05). In the same diet group, the total saturated fatty acids (ΣSFA) were lower, whereas the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUFA) was higher, along with higher PUFA/SFA ratio and lower n-6/n-3 ratio (p < 0.05). On an average, the dietary supplementation of 1.0% FSJ-DM reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and pH values of goat meat. Overall, the results of this study suggest that diet supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM improves the meat composition, growth performance and fatty acid profile and reduces lipid oxidation of goat meat.
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Equilibrium Moisture and Drying Kinetics Modelling of Macroalgae Species Ulva ohnoi and Oedogonium intermedium. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol2020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Algae-based products have applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, bioremediation of waste streams and biofuel production. Drying has been recognised to constitute the largest energy cost in algae processing, yet there is limited data or modelling characterising the drying kinetics of macroalgae. This research modelled the equilibrium moisture content of two macroalgae species, Ulva ohnoi, a saltwater alga and Oedogonium intermedium, a freshwater alga. The Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer model was found to best represent experimental equilibrium moisture contents. Drying rate curves obtained under both convective and radiative conditions were fitted to an analytical solution of Fick’s second law, including the modelled equilibrium moisture values. Effective diffusivity values for the two species are presented.
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Lafarga T, Acién-Fernández FG, Garcia-Vaquero M. Bioactive peptides and carbohydrates from seaweed for food applications: Natural occurrence, isolation, purification, and identification. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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O’ Connor J, Meaney S, Williams GA, Hayes M. Extraction of Protein from Four Different Seaweeds Using Three Different Physical Pre-Treatment Strategies. Molecules 2020; 25:E2005. [PMID: 32344706 PMCID: PMC7221823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are a rich source of protein and can contain up to 47% on the dry weight basis. It is challenging to extract proteins from the raw biomass of seaweed due to resilient cell-wall complexes. Four species of macroalgae were used in this study-two brown, Fucus vesiculosus and Alaria esculenta, and two red, Palmaria palmata and Chondrus crispus. Three treatments were applied individually to the macroalgal species: (I) high-pressure processing (HPP); (II) laboratory autoclave processing and (III) a classical sonication and salting out method. The protein, ash and lipid contents of the resulting extracts were estimated. Yields of protein recovered ranged from 3.2% for Fucus vesiculosus pre-treated with high pressure processing to 28.9% protein recovered for Chondrus crispus treated with the classical method. The yields of protein recovered using the classical, HPP and autoclave pre-treatments applied to Fucus vesiculosus were 35.1, 23.7% and 24.3%, respectively; yields from Alaria esculenta were 18.2%, 15.0% and 17.1% respectively; yields from Palmaria palmata were 12.5%, 14.9% and 21.5% respectively, and finally, yields from Chondrus crispus were 35.2%, 16.1% and 21.9%, respectively. These results demonstrate that while macroalgal proteins may be extracted using either physical or enzymatic methods, the specific extraction procedure should be tailored to individual species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack O’ Connor
- The Food BioSciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland;
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin)–City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; (S.M.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Steve Meaney
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin)–City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; (S.M.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Gwilym A. Williams
- School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin (TU Dublin)–City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin 2, Ireland; (S.M.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Maria Hayes
- The Food BioSciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland;
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Garcia-Vaquero M, Ummat V, Tiwari B, Rajauria G. Exploring Ultrasound, Microwave and Ultrasound-Microwave Assisted Extraction Technologies to Increase the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidants from Brown Macroalgae. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E172. [PMID: 32244865 PMCID: PMC7142542 DOI: 10.3390/md18030172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the influence of (1) ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), (2) microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and (3) a combination of ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) on the yields of fucose-sulphated polysaccharides (FSPs), total soluble carbohydrates and antioxidants extracted from A. nodosum. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the influence of the extraction technologies on the surface of macroalgae while principal component analysis was used to assess the influence of the extraction forces on the yields of compounds. UMAE generated higher yields of compounds compared to UAE and MAE methods separately. The maximum yields of compounds achieved using UMAE were: FSPs (3533.75 ± 55.81 mg fucose/100 g dried macroalgae (dm)), total soluble carbohydrates (10408.72 ± 229.11 mg glucose equivalents/100 g dm) and phenolic compounds (2605.89 ± 192.97 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g dm). The antioxidant properties of the extracts showed no clear trend or extreme improvements by using UAE, MAE or UMAE. The macroalgal cells were strongly altered by the application of MAE and UMAE, as revealed by the SEM images. Further research will be needed to understand the combined effect of sono-generated and microwave-induced modifications on macroalgae that will allow us to tailor the forces of extraction to target specific molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 Belfield, Ireland;
| | - Viruja Ummat
- TEAGASC Food Research Centre, Dublin 15 Ashtown, Ireland; (V.U.); (B.T.)
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 Belfield, Ireland
| | - Brijesh Tiwari
- TEAGASC Food Research Centre, Dublin 15 Ashtown, Ireland; (V.U.); (B.T.)
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 Belfield, Ireland;
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Gautam R, Vinu R. Reaction engineering and kinetics of algae conversion to biofuels and chemicals via pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art review on pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction of algae to fuels and chemicals with emphasis on reaction chemistry and kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhu Gautam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Center for Combustion Research and Development
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai – 600036
- India
| | - R. Vinu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Center for Combustion Research and Development
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai – 600036
- India
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Aroyehun AQ, Palaniveloo K, Ghazali F, Rizman-Idid M, Abdul Razak S. Effects of Seasonal Variability on the Physicochemical, Biochemical, and Nutritional Composition of Western Peninsular Malaysia Gracilaria manilaensis. Molecules 2019; 24:E3298. [PMID: 31510066 PMCID: PMC6766817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of seasonal variation on the physicochemical, biochemical, and nutritional composition of Gracilaria manilaensis. Sampling was designed during the main monsoon seasons in Malaysia-the Southwest monsoon (SWM) and Northeast monsoon (NEM)-to understand the intraspecific variation (p < 0.05). Carbohydrates, protein, and dietary fiber were found to be higher in NEM-G. manilaensis, whereas a higher ash content was quantified in SWM-G. manilaensis. No significant differences were found in crude lipid and moisture content (p > 0.05). Vitamin B2 was calculated as (0.29 ± 0.06 mg 100 g-1) and (0.38 ± 0.06 mg 100 g-1) for the NEM and SWM samples, respectively (p < 0.05). The fatty acid profile showed the dominance of saturated fatty acids (SFAs)-palmitic acids, stearic acid, and myristic acid-while the mineral contents were found to be good sources of calcium (1750.97-4047.74 mg 100 g-1) and iron (1512.55-1346.05 mg 100 g-1). Tryptophan and lysine were recorded as the limiting essential amino acids (EAAs) in NEM G. manilaensis, while leucine and phenylalanine were found to be the limiting EAAs in the SWM samples. None of the extracts exhibited antibacterial properties against the screened strains. The study concluded that seasonal changes have a great effect on the biochemical composition of G. manilaensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qudus Aroyehun
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kishneth Palaniveloo
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Farid Ghazali
- Biomedicine Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Rizman-Idid
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shariza Abdul Razak
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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