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Wan J, Cheng C, Li X, Zhu Y, Su H, Gong Y, Ding K, Gao X, Dang C, Li G, Jiang W, Yao LH. Lactate ameliorates palmitate-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:349-362. [PMID: 38372933 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid enriched in high-fat diet, has been implicated in the development of skeletal muscle regeneration dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the effects and mechanisms of lactate (Lac) treatment on PA-induced impairment of C2C12 cell differentiation capacity. Furthermore, the involvement of voltage-gated calcium channels in this context was examined. In this study, Lac could improve the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG. In addition, Lac increases the inward flow of Ca2+, and promotes the depolarization of the cell membrane potential, thereby activating voltage-gated calcium channels during C2C12 cell differentiation. The enchancement of Lac on myoblast differentiative capacity was abolished after the addition of efonidipine (voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitors). Therefore, voltage-gated calcium channels play an important role in improving PA-induced skeletal muscle regeneration disorders by exercising blood Lac. Our study showed that Lac could rescue the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wan
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Cheng
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonuo Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Su
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaizhi Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Dang
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Li
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yao
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Al Tabosh T, Al Tarrass M, Tourvieilhe L, Guilhem A, Dupuis-Girod S, Bailly S. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: from signaling insights to therapeutic advances. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e176379. [PMID: 38357927 PMCID: PMC10866657 DOI: 10.1172/jci176379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectsia (HHT) is an inherited vascular disorder with highly variable expressivity, affecting up to 1 in 5,000 individuals. This disease is characterized by small arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in mucocutaneous areas (telangiectases) and larger visceral AVMs in the lungs, liver, and brain. HHT is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the BMP9-10/ENG/ALK1/SMAD4 signaling pathway. This Review presents up-to-date insights on this mutated signaling pathway and its crosstalk with proangiogenic pathways, in particular the VEGF pathway, that has allowed the repurposing of new drugs for HHT treatment. However, despite the substantial benefits of these new treatments in terms of alleviating symptom severity, this not-so-uncommon bleeding disorder still currently lacks any FDA- or European Medicines Agency-approved (EMA-approved) therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tala Al Tabosh
- Biosanté Unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohammad Al Tarrass
- Biosanté Unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Tourvieilhe
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, National HHT Reference Center and Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Alexandre Guilhem
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, National HHT Reference Center and Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Bron, France
- TAI-IT Autoimmunité Unit RIGHT-UMR1098, Burgundy University, INSERM, EFS-BFC, Besancon, France
| | - Sophie Dupuis-Girod
- Biosanté Unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, National HHT Reference Center and Genetics Department, Femme-Mère-Enfants Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Sabine Bailly
- Biosanté Unit U1292, Grenoble Alpes University, INSERM, CEA, Grenoble, France
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3
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Mackiewicz J, Lisek M, Boczek T. Targeting CaN/NFAT in Alzheimer's brain degeneration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281882. [PMID: 38077352 PMCID: PMC10701682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions. While the exact causes of this debilitating disorder remain elusive, numerous investigations have characterized its two core pathologies: the presence of β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Additionally, multiple studies of postmortem brain tissue, as well as results from AD preclinical models, have consistently demonstrated the presence of a sustained inflammatory response. As the persistent immune response is associated with neurodegeneration, it became clear that it may also exacerbate other AD pathologies, providing a link between the initial deposition of β-amyloid plaques and the later development of neurofibrillary tangles. Initially discovered in T cells, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is one of the main transcription factors driving the expression of inflammatory genes and thus regulating immune responses. NFAT-dependent production of inflammatory mediators is controlled by Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), which dephosphorylates NFAT and promotes its transcriptional activity. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated that aberrant CaN/NFAT signaling is linked to several pathologies observed in AD, including neuronal apoptosis, synaptic deficits, and glia activation. In view of this, the role of NFAT isoforms in AD has been linked to disease progression at different stages, some of which are paralleled to diminished cognitive status. The use of classical inhibitors of CaN/NFAT signaling, such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine, or adeno-associated viruses to specifically inhibit astrocytic NFAT activation, has alleviated some symptoms of AD by diminishing β-amyloid neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In this article, we discuss the recent findings related to the contribution of CaN/NFAT signaling to the progression of AD and highlight the possible benefits of targeting this pathway in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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4
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Maust BS, Petkov S, Herrera C, Feng C, Brown BP, Lebina L, Opoka D, Ssemata A, Pillay N, Serwanga J, Seatlholo P, Namubiru P, Odoch G, Mugaba S, Seiphetlo T, Gray CM, Kaleebu P, Webb EL, Martinson N, Chiodi F, Fox J, Jaspan HB. Bacterial microbiome and host inflammatory gene expression in foreskin tissue. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22145. [PMID: 38053902 PMCID: PMC10694185 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The penile epithelial microbiome remains underexplored. We sequenced human RNA and a segment of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from the foreskin tissue of 144 adolescents from South Africa and Uganda collected during penile circumcision after receipt of 1-2 doses of placebo, emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, or emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide to investigate the microbiome of foreskin tissue and its potential changes with antiretroviral use. We identified a large number of anaerobic species, including Corynebacterium acnes, which was detected more frequently in participants from South Africa than Uganda. Bacterial populations did not differ by treatment received, and no differentially abundant taxa were identified between placebo versus active drug recipients. The relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa was negatively correlated with expression of genes downstream of the innate immune response to bacteria and regulation of inflammation. Our results show no difference in the tissue microbiome of the foreskin with short-course antiretroviral use but that bacterial taxa were largely inversely correlated with inflammatory gene expression, consistent with commensal colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S. Maust
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Stefan Petkov
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Carolina Herrera
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Colin Feng
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Bryan P. Brown
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Limakatso Lebina
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Daniel Opoka
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Andrew Ssemata
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Natasha Pillay
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Jennifer Serwanga
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Portia Seatlholo
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Patricia Namubiru
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Geoffrey Odoch
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Susan Mugaba
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Thabiso Seiphetlo
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Clive M. Gray
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Emily L. Webb
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Neil Martinson
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Francesca Chiodi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Julie Fox
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Heather B. Jaspan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - CHAPS team
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
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Balendran T, Lim K, Hamilton JA, Achuthan AA. Targeting transcription factors for therapeutic benefit in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196931. [PMID: 37457726 PMCID: PMC10339812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes pain and disability. Many of the currently available drugs for treating RA patients are aimed at halting the progression of the disease and alleviating inflammation. Further, some of these treatment options have drawbacks, including disease recurrence and adverse effects due to long-term use. These inefficiencies have created a need for a different approach to treating RA. Recently, the focus has shifted to direct targeting of transcription factors (TFs), as they play a vital role in the pathogenesis of RA, activating key cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and enzymes. In light of this, synthetic drugs and natural compounds are being explored to target key TFs or their signaling pathways in RA. This review discusses the role of four key TFs in inflammation, namely NF-κB, STATs, AP-1 and IRFs, and their potential for being targeted to treat RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thivya Balendran
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith Lim
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - John A. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian A. Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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A novel implant surface modification mode of Fe3O4-containing TiO2 nanorods with sinusoidal electromagnetic field for osteoblastogenesis and angiogenesis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100590. [PMID: 36910272 PMCID: PMC9996442 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Implants made of Ti and its alloys are widely utilized in orthopaedic surgeries. However, insufficient osseointegration of the implants often causes complications such as aseptic loosening. Our previous research discovered that disordered titanium dioxide nanorods (TNrs) had satisfactory antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, but TNrs harmed angiogenic differentiation, which might retarded the osseointegration process of the implants. Magnetic nanomaterials have a certain potential in promoting osseointegration, electromagnetic fields within a specific frequency and intensity range can facilitate angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, this study used Fe3O4 to endow magnetism to TNrs and explored the regulation effects of Ti, TNrs, and Fe3O4-TNrs under 1 mT 15 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) on osteoblastogenesis, osseointegration, angiogenesis, and its mechanism. We discovered that after the addition of SEMF treatment to VR-EPCs cultured on Fe3O4-TNrs, the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway was activated, which then reversed the inhibitory effect of Fe3O4-TNrs on angiogenesis. Besides, Fe3O4-TNrs with SEMF enhanced osteogenic differentiation and osseointegration. Therefore, the implant modification mode of Fe3O4-TNrs with the addition of SEMF could more comprehensively promote osseointegration and provided a new idea for the modification of implants.
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Li H, Deng W, Qin Q, Lin Y, Liu T, Mo G, Shao Y, Tang Y, Yuan K, Xu L, Li Y, Zhang S. Isoimperatorin attenuates bone loss by inhibiting the binding of RANKL to RANK. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115502. [PMID: 36921635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, an immune disease characterized by bone mass loss and microstructure destruction, is often seen in postmenopausal women. Isoimperatorin (ISO), a bioactive, natural furanocoumarin isolated from many traditional Chinese herbal medicines, has therapeutic effects against various diseases; however, its effect on bone homeostasis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of ISO on the differentiation and activation of osteoclast and its molecular mechanism in vitro, and evaluated the effect of ISO on bone metabolism by ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. In vitro experiments showed that ISO affected RANKL-induced MAPK, NFAT, NFATc1 trafficking and expression, osteoclast F-actin banding, osteoclast-characteristic gene expression, ROS inhibitory activity, and calcium oscillations, NF-κB signaling pathway. In vivo experiments showed that oral administration of ISO effectively reduced bone loss caused by ovariectomy and retained bone mass.Collectively, ISO inhibits RANK/RANKL binding, thereby reducing the activity of NFATc1, calcium, and ROS and inhibiting osteoclast generation. In addition, ISO protects bone mass by slowing osteoclast production and downregulating NFATc1 gene and protein expression in the bone tissue microenvironment and inhibits OVX-induced bone loss in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiShan Li
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Deng
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - QiuLi Qin
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YueWei Lin
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng Liu
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - GuoYe Mo
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Shao
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YongChao Tang
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - LiangLiang Xu
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - YongXian Li
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - ShunCong Zhang
- The First Clinical Academy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang RN, Bao X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li XY, Tan G, Mbadhi MN, Xu W, Yang Q, Yao LY, Chen L, Zhao XY, Hu CQ, Zhang JX, Zheng HT, Wu Y, Li S, Chen SJ, Chen SY, Lv J, Shi LL, Tang JM. The spatiotemporal matching pattern of Ezrin/Periaxin involved in myoblast differentiation and fusion and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-associated muscle atrophy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:173. [PMID: 36870952 PMCID: PMC9985213 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT)-associated muscle atrophy still lacks effective treatment. Deletion and mutation of L-periaxin can be involved in CMT type 4F (CMT4F) by destroying the myelin sheath form, which may be related to the inhibitory role of Ezrin in the self-association of L-periaxin. However, it is still unknown whether L-periaxin and Ezrin are independently or interactively involved in the process of muscle atrophy by affecting the function of muscle satellite cells. METHOD A gastrocnemius muscle atrophy model was prepared to mimic CMT4F and its associated muscle atrophy by mechanical clamping of the peroneal nerve. Differentiating C2C12 myoblast cells were treated with adenovirus-mediated overexpression or knockdown of Ezrin. Then, overexpression of L-periaxin and NFATc1/c2 or knockdown of L-periaxin and NFATc3/c4 mediated by adenovirus vectors were used to confirm their role in Ezrin-mediated myoblast differentiation, myotube formation and gastrocnemius muscle repair in a peroneal nerve injury model. RNA-seq, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were used in the above observation. RESULTS For the first time, instantaneous L-periaxin expression was highest on the 6th day, while Ezrin expression peaked on the 4th day during myoblast differentiation/fusion in vitro. In vivo transduction of adenovirus vectors carrying Ezrin, but not Periaxin, into the gastrocnemius muscle in a peroneal nerve injury model increased the numbers of muscle myosin heavy chain (MyHC) I and II type myofibers, reducing muscle atrophy and fibrosis. Local muscle injection of overexpressed Ezrin combined with incubation of knockdown L-periaxin within the injured peroneal nerve or injection of knockdown L-periaxin into peroneal nerve-injured gastrocnemius muscle not only increased the number of muscle fibers but also recovered their size to a relatively normal level in vivo. Overexpression of Ezrin promoted myoblast differentiation/fusion, inducing increased MyHC-I+ and MyHC-II + muscle fiber specialization, and the specific effects could be enhanced by the addition of adenovirus vectors for knockdown of L-periaxin by shRNA. Overexpression of L-periaxin did not alter the inhibitory effects on myoblast differentiation and fusion mediated by knockdown of Ezrin by shRNA in vitro but decreased myotube length and size. Mechanistically, overexpressing Ezrin did not alter protein kinase A gamma catalytic subunit (PKA-γ cat), protein kinase A I alpha regulatory subunit (PKA reg Iα) or PKA reg Iβ levels but increased PKA-α cat and PKA reg II α levels, leading to a decreased ratio of PKA reg I/II. The PKA inhibitor H-89 remarkably abolished the effects of overexpressing-Ezrin on increased myoblast differentiation/fusion. In contrast, knockdown of Ezrin by shRNA significantly delayed myoblast differentiation/fusion accompanied by an increased PKA reg I/II ratio, and the inhibitory effects could be eliminated by the PKA reg activator N6-Bz-cAMP. Meanwhile, overexpressing Ezrin enhanced type I muscle fiber specialization, accompanied by an increase in NFATc2/c3 levels and a decrease in NFATc1 levels. Furthermore, overexpressing NFATc2 or knocking down NFATc3 reversed the inhibitory effects of Ezrin knockdown on myoblast differentiation/fusion. CONCLUSIONS The spatiotemporal pattern of Ezrin/Periaxin expression was involved in the control of myoblast differentiation/fusion, myotube length and size, and myofiber specialization, which was related to the activated PKA-NFAT-MEF2C signaling pathway, providing a novel L-Periaxin/Ezrin joint strategy for the treatment of muscle atrophy induced by nerve injury, especially in CMT4F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Nan Zhang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Postgraduate Union Training Basement of Jin Zhou Medical University, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Comprehensive Department, Shiyan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Bao
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Postgraduate Union Training Basement of Jin Zhou Medical University, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Experimental Medical Center, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Yuan Li
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Tan
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Magdaleena Naemi Mbadhi
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yuan Yao
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Chen
- Experimental Medical Center, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Qing Hu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Juan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Jing Lv
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liu-Liu Shi
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Ming Tang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Postgraduate Union Training Basement of Jin Zhou Medical University, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Physiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research,Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Xie S, Choudhari S, Wu CL, Abramson K, Corcoran D, Gregory SG, Thimmapuram J, Guilak F, Little D. Aging and obesity prime the methylome and transcriptome of adipose stem cells for disease and dysfunction. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22785. [PMID: 36794668 PMCID: PMC10561192 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201413r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The epigenome of stem cells occupies a critical interface between genes and environment, serving to regulate expression through modification by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We hypothesized that aging and obesity, which represent major risk factors for a variety of diseases, synergistically modify the epigenome of adult adipose stem cells (ASCs). Using integrated RNA- and targeted bisulfite-sequencing in murine ASCs from lean and obese mice at 5- and 12-months of age, we identified global DNA hypomethylation with either aging or obesity, and a synergistic effect of aging combined with obesity. The transcriptome of ASCs in lean mice was relatively stable to the effects of age, but this was not true in obese mice. Functional pathway analyses identified a subset of genes with critical roles in progenitors and in diseases of obesity and aging. Specifically, Mapt, Nr3c2, App, and Ctnnb1 emerged as potential hypomethylated upstream regulators in both aging and obesity (AL vs. YL and AO vs. YO), and App, Ctnnb1, Hipk2, Id2, and Tp53 exhibited additional effects of aging in obese animals. Furthermore, Foxo3 and Ccnd1 were potential hypermethylated upstream regulators of healthy aging (AL vs. YL), and of the effects of obesity in young animals (YO vs. YL), suggesting that these factors could play a role in accelerated aging with obesity. Finally, we identified candidate driver genes that appeared recurrently in all analyses and comparisons undertaken. Further mechanistic studies are needed to validate the roles of these genes capable of priming ASCs for dysfunction in aging- and obesity-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Xie
- Bioinformatics Core, Purdue University, 1022 Young Hall, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Sulbha Choudhari
- Bioinformatics Core, Purdue University, 1022 Young Hall, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 2170
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14611
| | - Karen Abramson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701
| | - David Corcoran
- Genomic Analysis and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, 101 Science Drive, Duke University Medical Center Box 3382, Durham, NC 27708
- Lineberger Bioinformatics Core, 5200 Marsico Hall, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516
| | - Simon G. Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC 27701
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, 311 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jyothi Thimmapuram
- Bioinformatics Core, Purdue University, 1022 Young Hall, 155 S. Grant Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 4515 McKinley Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, 4400 Clayton Ave, St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Dianne Little
- Departments of Basic Medical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 2186 Lynn Hall, 625 Harrison St, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2026
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10
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Continuous exposure to isoprenaline reduced myotube size by delaying myoblast differentiation and fusion through the NFAT-MEF2C signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:436. [PMID: 36624121 PMCID: PMC9829891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore whether superfluous sympathetic activity affects myoblast differentiation, fusion, and myofiber types using a continuous single-dose isoprenaline exposure model in vitro and to further confirm the role of distinct NFATs in ISO-mediated effects. Compared with delivery of single and interval single, continuous single-dose ISO most obviously diminished myotube size while postponing myoblast differentiation/fusion in a time- and dose-dependent pattern, accompanied by an apparent decrease in nuclear NFATc1/c2 levels and a slight increase in nuclear NFATc3/c4 levels. Overexpression of NFATc1 or NFATc2, particularly NFATc1, markedly abolished the inhibitory effects of ISO on myoblast differentiation/fusion, myotube size and Myh7 expression, which was attributed to a remarkable increase in the nuclear NFATc1/c2 levels and a reduction in the nuclear NFATc4 levels and the associated increase in the numbers of MyoG and MEF2C positive nuclei within more than 3 nuclei myotubes, especially in MEF2C. Moreover, knockdown of NFATc3 by shRNA did not alter the inhibitory effect of ISO on myoblast differentiation/fusion or myotube size but partially recovered the expression of Myh7, which was related to the slightly increased nuclear levels of NFATc1/c2, MyoG and MEF2C. Knockdown of NFATc4 by shRNA prominently increased the number of MyHC +, MyoG or MEF2C + myoblast cells with 1 ~ 2 nuclei, causing fewer numbers and smaller myotube sizes. However, NFATc4 knockdown further deteriorated the effects of ISO on myoblast fusion and myotube size, with more than 5 nuclei and Myh1/2/4 expression, which was associated with a decrease in nuclear NFATc2/c3 levels. Therefore, ISO inhibited myoblast differentiation/fusion and myotube size through the NFAT-MyoG-MEF2C signaling pathway.
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11
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Macrophage NFATC2 mediates angiogenic signaling during mycobacterial infection. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111817. [PMID: 36516756 PMCID: PMC9880963 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During mycobacterial infections, pathogenic mycobacteria manipulate both host immune and stromal cells to establish and maintain a productive infection. In humans, non-human primates, and zebrafish models of infection, pathogenic mycobacteria produce and modify the specialized lipid trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) in the bacterial cell envelope to drive host angiogenesis toward the site of forming granulomas, leading to enhanced bacterial growth. Here, we use the zebrafish-Mycobacterium marinum infection model to define the signaling basis of the host angiogenic response. Through intravital imaging and cell-restricted peptide-mediated inhibition, we identify macrophage-specific activation of NFAT signaling as essential to TDM-mediated angiogenesis in vivo. Exposure of cultured human cells to Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in robust induction of VEGFA, which is dependent on a signaling pathway downstream of host TDM detection and culminates in NFATC2 activation. As granuloma-associated angiogenesis is known to serve bacterial-beneficial roles, these findings identify potential host targets to improve tuberculosis disease outcomes.
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12
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Mou K, Zhou Y, Mu X, Zhang J, Wang L, Ge R. PARP1 Is a Prognostic Marker and Targets NFATc2 to Promote Carcinogenesis in Melanoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2022; 26:503-511. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ge
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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13
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GSK 650394 Inhibits Osteoclasts Differentiation and Prevents Bone Loss via Promoting the Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3458560. [PMID: 36164394 PMCID: PMC9509242 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3458560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common bone disorders among the elderly, characterized by abnormally elevated bone resorption caused by formation and activation of osteoblast (OC). Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation might contribute to the formation process of OC as an essential role. Although accumulated advanced treatment target on OP have been proposed in recent years, clinical outcomes remain unexcellence attributed to severe side effects. The purpose of present study was to explore the underlying mechanisms of GSK 650394 (GSK) on inhibiting formation and activation of OC and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. GSK could inhibit receptor activator of nuclear-κB ligand (RANKL-)-mediated Oc formation via suppressing the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, regulating intracellular redox status, and downregulate the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1). In addition, quantitative RT-PCR results show that GSK could suppress the expression of OC marker gene and antioxidant enzyme genes. Consistent with in vitro cellular results, GSK treatment improved bone density in the mouse with ovariectomized-induced bone loss according to the results of CT parameters, HE staining, and Trap staining. Furthermore, GSK treatment could enhance the capacity of antioxidant enzymes in vivo. In conclusion, this study suggested that GSK could suppress the activation of osteoclasts and therefore maybe a potential therapeutic reagent for osteoclast activation-related osteoporosis.
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14
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Reiterová J, Tesař V. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: From Pathophysiology of Cystogenesis to Advances in the Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063317. [PMID: 35328738 PMCID: PMC8949594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic renal disease, with an estimated prevalence between 1:1000 and 1:2500. It is mostly caused by mutations of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes encoding polycystin 1 (PC1) and polycystin 2 (PC2) that regulate cellular processes such as fluid transport, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and cell adhesion. Reduction of calcium ions and induction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (sAMP) promote cyst enlargement by transepithelial fluid secretion and cell proliferation. Abnormal activation of MAPK/ERK pathway, dysregulated signaling of heterotrimeric G proteins, mTOR, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, AMPK, JAK/STAT activator of transcription and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) are involved in cystogenesis. Another feature of cystic tissue is increased extracellular production and recruitment of inflammatory cells and abnormal connections among cells. Moreover, metabolic alterations in cystic cells including defective glucose metabolism, impaired beta-oxidation and abnormal mitochondrial activity were shown to be associated with cyst expansion. Although tolvaptan has been recently approved as a drug that slows ADPKD progression, some patients do not tolerate tolvaptan because of frequent aquaretic. The advances in the knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in cystogenesis led to the development of animal and cellular studies, followed by the development of several ongoing randomized controlled trials with promising drugs. Our review is aimed at pathophysiological mechanisms in cystogenesis in connection with the most promising drugs in animal and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Reiterová
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Tesař
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Hammelman J, Krismer K, Gifford DK. spatzie: an R package for identifying significant transcription factor motif co-enrichment from enhancer–promoter interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:e52. [PMID: 35100401 PMCID: PMC9122533 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic interactions provide important context to our understanding of the state of the genome. One question is whether specific transcription factor interactions give rise to genome organization. We introduce spatzie, an R package and a website that implements statistical tests for significant transcription factor motif cooperativity between enhancer–promoter interactions. We conducted controlled experiments under realistic simulated data from ChIP-seq to confirm spatzie is capable of discovering co-enriched motif interactions even in noisy conditions. We then use spatzie to investigate cell type specific transcription factor cooperativity within recent human ChIA-PET enhancer–promoter interaction data. The method is available online at https://spatzie.mit.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hammelman
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Konstantin Krismer
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David K Gifford
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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16
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Du M, Yang L, Liu B, Yang L, Mao X, Liang M, Huang K. Inhibition of NFAT suppresses foam cell formation and the development of diet-induced atherosclerosis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21951. [PMID: 34551141 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100947r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the molecular and cellular processes involved in foam cell formation is critical for us to understand the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor originally identified as a key player in the differentiation of T cells and maturation of immune system. Nowadays it has been brought into attention that NFAT also regulates multiple pathophysiological processes and targeted intervention in NFAT may be effective in the treatment of some cardiovascular diseases. However, whether NFAT is involved in foam cell formation remains elusive. NFAT in human monocyte-derived macrophage was activated by ox-LDL and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. NFAT then directly bound to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in the nucleus and negatively regulated its transcriptional activity. NFATc2 knockdown or NFAT inhibitor 11R-VIVIT increased cholesterol efflux (by activating PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 cascade) and reduced the uptake of modified lipoprotein (in a PPARγ-independent way) in macrophage, thus prevented foam cell formation. Besides, 11R-VIVIT also exerted a protective role in the development of atherosclerosis in western diet-fed ApoE-/- mice. These results suggest NFAT inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Liyuan Cardiovascular Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liuye Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Liyuan Cardiovascular Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Ren R, Guo J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Xiong W. The role of Ca 2+ /Calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway in osteoblastogenesis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13122. [PMID: 34523757 PMCID: PMC8560623 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone remodelling process is closely related to bone health. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts participate in the bone remodelling process under the regulation of various factors inside and outside. Excessive activation of osteoclasts or lack of function of osteoblasts will cause occurrence and development of multiple bone‐related diseases. Ca2+/Calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway regulates the growth and development of many types of cells, such as cardiomyocyte differentiation, angiogenesis, chondrogenesis, myogenesis, bone development and regeneration, etc. Some evidences indicate that this signalling pathway plays an extremely important role in bone formation and bone pathophysiologic changes. This review discusses the role of Ca2+/Calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway in the process of osteogenic differentiation, as well as the influence of regulating each component in this signalling pathway on the differentiation and function of osteoblasts, whereby the relationship between Ca2+/Calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway and osteoblastogenesis could be deeper understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranyue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiachao Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yangmengfan Chen
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yayun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liangxi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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18
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Roles for α-Synuclein in Gene Expression. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081166. [PMID: 34440340 PMCID: PMC8393936 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a small cytosolic protein associated with a range of cellular compartments, including synaptic vesicles, the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. In addition to its physiological role in regulating presynaptic function, the protein plays a central role in both sporadic and familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) via a gain-of-function mechanism. Because of this, several recent strategies propose to decrease α-Syn levels in PD patients. While these therapies may offer breakthroughs in PD management, the normal functions of α-Syn and potential side effects of its depletion require careful evaluation. Here, we review recent evidence on physiological and pathological roles of α-Syn in regulating activity-dependent signal transduction and gene expression pathways that play fundamental role in synaptic plasticity.
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19
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Sompol P, Gollihue JL, Kraner SD, Artiushin IA, Cloyd RA, Chishti EA, Koren SA, Nation GK, Abisambra JF, Huzian O, Nagy LI, Santha M, Hackler L, Puskas LG, Norris CM. Q134R: Small chemical compound with NFAT inhibitory properties improves behavioral performance and synapse function in mouse models of amyloid pathology. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13416. [PMID: 34117818 PMCID: PMC8282246 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the protein phosphatase calcineurin (CN) ameliorates pathophysiologic and cognitive changes in aging rodents and mice with aging-related Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology. However, concerns over adverse effects have slowed the transition of common CN-inhibiting drugs to the clinic for the treatment of AD and AD-related disorders. Targeting substrates of CN, like the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATs), has been suggested as an alternative, safer approach to CN inhibitors. However, small chemical inhibitors of NFATs have only rarely been described. Here, we investigate a newly developed neuroprotective hydroxyquinoline derivative (Q134R) that suppresses NFAT signaling, without inhibiting CN activity. Q134R partially inhibited NFAT activity in primary rat astrocytes, but did not prevent CN-mediated dephosphorylation of a non-NFAT target, either in vivo, or in vitro. Acute (≤1 week) oral delivery of Q134R to APP/PS1 (12 months old) or wild-type mice (3-4 months old) infused with oligomeric Aβ peptides led to improved Y maze performance. Chronic (≥3 months) oral delivery of Q134R appeared to be safe, and, in fact, promoted survival in wild-type (WT) mice when given for many months beyond middle age. Finally, chronic delivery of Q134R to APP/PS1 mice during the early stages of amyloid pathology (i.e., between 6 and 9 months) tended to reduce signs of glial reactivity, prevented the upregulation of astrocytic NFAT4, and ameliorated deficits in synaptic strength and plasticity, without noticeably altering parenchymal Aβ plaque pathology. The results suggest that Q134R is a promising drug for treating AD and aging-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradoldej Sompol
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Jenna L. Gollihue
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Susan D. Kraner
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Irina A. Artiushin
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Ryan A. Cloyd
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Emad A. Chishti
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Shon A. Koren
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Grant K. Nation
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
| | - Jose F. Abisambra
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christopher M. Norris
- Sanders‐Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA
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Hong G, Chen Z, Han X, Zhou L, Pang F, Wu R, Shen Y, He X, Hong Z, Li Z, He W, Wei Q. A novel RANKL-targeted flavonoid glycoside prevents osteoporosis through inhibiting NFATc1 and reactive oxygen species. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e392. [PMID: 34047464 PMCID: PMC8140192 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoporosis is characterized by excessive bone resorption due to enhanced osteoclast activation. Stimulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis. Robinin (Rob) is a flavonoid glycoside that has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in previous studies, but little is known about its effects on bone homeostasis. The purpose of our research was to investigate whether Rob could prevent bone resorption in ovariectomized (OVX) mice by suppressing osteoclast production through its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The docking pose of Rob and RANKL was identified by protein-ligand molecular docking. Rob was added to bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) stimulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). The effects of Rob on osteoclastic activity were evaluated by positive tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) staining kit and hydroxyapatite resorption assay. RANKL-induced ROS generation in osteoclasts was detected by H2 DCFDA and MitoSox Red staining. The classic molecular cascades triggered by RANKL, such as NF-κB, ROS, calcium oscillations, and NFATc1-mediated signaling pathways, were investigated using Fluo4 staining, western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, an OVX mouse model mimicking estrogen-deficient osteoporosis was created to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Rob in vivo. RESULTS Computational docking results showed that Rob could bind specifically to RANKL's predicted binding sites. In vitro, Rob inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis dose-dependently without obvious cytotoxicity at low concentrations. We also found that Rob attenuated RANKL-induced mitochondrial ROS production or enhanced activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes, and ultimately reduced intracellular ROS levels. Rob abrogated the RANKL-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling pathways, and subsequently blocked NFATc1 signaling and TRAcP expression. In addition, Rob inhibited osteoclast proliferation by downregulating the expression of osteoclast target genes (Acp5, Cathepsin K, Atp6v0d2, Nfact1, c-Fos, and Mmp9) and reducing Ca2+ oscillations. Our in vivo results showed that Rob reduced bone resorption in OVX animal model by repressing osteoclast activity and function. CONCLUSIONS Rob inhibits the activation of osteoclasts by targeting RANKL and is therefore a potential osteoporosis drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoju Hong
- Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Zhenqiu Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Division of Bioengineering, School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinologythe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Fengxiang Pang
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Rishana Wu
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Yingshan Shen
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Zhinan Hong
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Ziqi Li
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
| | - Qiushi Wei
- Traumatology and Orthopedics InstituteGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R. China
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21
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Fort RS, Duhagon MA. Pan-cancer chromatin analysis of the human vtRNA genes uncovers their association with cancer biology. F1000Res 2021; 10:182. [PMID: 34354812 PMCID: PMC8287541 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.28510.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are a class of 84-141-nt eukaryotic non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III, associated to the ribonucleoprotein complex known as vault particle. Of the four human vtRNA genes, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA1-3, clustered at locus 1, are integral components of the vault particle, while vtRNA2-1 is a more divergent homologue located in a second locus. Gene expression studies of vtRNAs in large cohorts have been hindered by their unsuccessful sequencing using conventional transcriptomic approaches. Methods: VtRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer cohort was estimated using the genome-wide DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility data (ATAC-seq) of their genes as surrogate variables. The association between vtRNA expression and patient clinical outcome, immune subtypes and transcriptionally co-regulated gene programs was analyzed in the dataset. Results: VtRNAs promoters are enriched in transcription factors related to viral infection. VtRNA2-1 is likely the most independently regulated homologue. VtRNA1-1 has the most accessible chromatin, followed by vtRNA1-2, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-3. VtRNA1-1 and vtRNA1-3 chromatin status does not significantly change in cancer tissues. Meanwhile, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-2 expression is widely deregulated in neoplastic tissues and its alteration is compatible with a broad oncogenic role for vtRNA1-2, and both tumor suppressor and oncogenic functions for vtRNA2-1. Yet, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA2-1 promoter DNA methylation predicts a shorter patient overall survival cancer-wide. In addition, gene ontology analyses of vtRNAs co-regulated genes identify a chromosome regulatory domain, epithelial differentiation, immune and thyroid cancer gene sets for specific vtRNAs. Furthermore, vtRNA expression patterns are associated with cancer immune subtypes and vtRNA1-2 expression is positively associated with cell proliferation and wound healing. Conclusions: Our study presents the landscape of vtRNA chromatin status cancer-wide, identifying co-regulated gene networks and ontological pathways associated with the different vtRNA genes that may account for their diverse roles in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Sebastián Fort
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.,Depto. de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - María Ana Duhagon
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.,Depto. de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
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22
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The Amniotic Fluid Cell-Free Transcriptome Provides Novel Information about Fetal Development and Placental Cellular Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052612. [PMID: 33807645 PMCID: PMC7961801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The amniotic fluid (AF) is a complex biofluid that reflects fetal well-being during development. AF con be divided into two fractions, the supernatant and amniocytes. The supernatant contains cell-free components, including placenta-derived microparticles, protein, cell-free fetal DNA, and cell-free fetal RNA from the fetus. Cell-free mRNA (cfRNA) analysis holds a special position among high-throughput analyses, such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, owing to its ease of profiling. The AF cell-free transcriptome differs from the amniocyte transcriptome and alters with the progression of pregnancy and is often associated with the development of various organ systems including the fetal lung, skin, brain, pancreas, adrenal gland, gastrointestinal system, etc. The AF cell-free transcriptome is affected not only by normal physiologies, such as fetal sex, gestational age, and fetal maturity, but also by pathologic mechanisms such as maternal obesity, and genetic syndromes (Down, Edward, Turner, etc.), as well as pregnancy complications (preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, etc.). cfRNA in the amniotic fluid originates from the placenta and fetal organs directly contacting the amniotic fluid as well as from the fetal plasma across the placenta. The AF transcriptome may reflect the fetal and placental development and therefore aid in the monitoring of normal and abnormal development.
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23
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Vasilopoulou F, Griñán-Ferré C, Rodríguez-Arévalo S, Bagán A, Abás S, Escolano C, Pallàs M. I 2 imidazoline receptor modulation protects aged SAMP8 mice against cognitive decline by suppressing the calcineurin pathway. GeroScience 2020; 43:965-983. [PMID: 33128688 PMCID: PMC8110656 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging and dementia are current problems that must be solved. The levels of imidazoline 2 receptors (I2-IRs) are increased in the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. We tested the action of the specific and selective I2-IR ligand B06 in a mouse model of accelerated aging and AD, the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model. Oral administration of B06 for 4 weeks improved SAMP8 mouse behavior and cognition and reduced AD hallmarks, oxidative stress, and apoptotic and neuroinflammation markers. Likewise, B06 regulated glial excitatory amino acid transporter 2 and N-methyl-D aspartate 2A and 2B receptor subunit protein levels. Calcineurin (CaN) is a phosphatase that controls the phosphorylation levels of cAMP response element-binding (CREB), apoptotic mediator BCL-2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) and GSK3β, among other molecules. Interestingly, B06 was able to reduce the levels of the CaN active form (CaN A). Likewise, CREB phosphorylation, BAD gene expression, and other factors were modified after B06 treatment. Moreover, phosphorylation of a target of CaN, nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1), was increased in B06-treated mice, impeding the transcription of genes related to neuroinflammation and neural plasticity. In summary, this I2 imidazoline ligand can exert its beneficial effects on age-related conditions by modulating CaN pathway action and affecting several molecular pathways, playing a neuroprotective role in SAMP8 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Vasilopoulou
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurociencies, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurociencies, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodríguez-Arévalo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Bagán
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sònia Abás
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Escolano
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neurociencies, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Insights into the Function and Evolution of Taste 1 Receptor Gene Family in the Carnivore Fish Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207732. [PMID: 33086689 PMCID: PMC7594079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of molecular and functional studies in tetrapods has led to the discovery of multiple taste 1 receptor (T1R) genes encoding G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) responsible for sweet (T1R2 + T1R3) and umami (T1R1 + T1R3) taste. In fish, the T1R gene family repertoires greatly expanded because of several T1R2 gene duplications, and recent studies have shown T1R2 functional divergence from canonical mammalian sweet taste perceptions, putatively as an adaptive mechanism to develop distinct feeding strategies in highly diverse aquatic habitats. We addressed this question in the carnivore fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a model species of aquaculture interest, and found that the saT1R gene repertoire consists of eight members including saT1R1, saT1R3 and six saT1R2a-f gene duplicates, adding further evidence to the evolutionary complexity of fishT1Rs families. To analyze saT1R taste functions, we first developed a stable gene reporter system based on Ca2+-dependent calcineurin/NFAT signaling to examine specifically in vitro the responses of a subset of saT1R heterodimers to L-amino acids (L-AAs) and sweet ligands. We show that although differentially tuned in sensitivity and magnitude of responses, saT1R1/R3, saT1R2a/R3 and saT1R2b/R3 may equally serve to transduce amino acid taste sensations. Furthermore, we present preliminary information on the potential involvement of the Gi protein alpha subunits saGαi1 and saGαi2 in taste signal transduction.
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25
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Nie Y, Nirujogi TS, Ranjan R, Reader BF, Chung S, Ballinger MN, Englert JA, Christman JW, Karpurapu M. PolyADP-Ribosylation of NFATc3 and NF-κB Transcription Factors Modulate Macrophage Inflammatory Gene Expression in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury. J Innate Immun 2020; 13:83-93. [PMID: 33045713 DOI: 10.1159/000510269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary macrophages play a critical role in the recognition of pathogens, initiation of host defense via inflammation, clearance of pathogens from the airways, and resolution of inflammation. Recently, we have shown a pivotal role for the nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic member 3 (NFATc3) transcription factor in modulating pulmonary macrophage function in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) pathogenesis. Although the NFATc proteins are activated primarily by calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation, here we show that LPS induces posttranslational modification of NFATc3 by polyADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-mediated polyADP-ribosylation. ADP-ribosylated NFATc3 showed increased binding to iNOS and TNFα promoter DNA, thereby increasing downstream gene expression. Inhibitors of PARP-1 decreased LPS-induced NFATc3 ribosylation, target gene promoter binding, and gene expression. LPS increased NFAT luciferase reporter activity in lung macrophages and lung tissue that was inhibited by pretreatment with PARP-1 inhibitors. More importantly, pretreatment of mice with the PARP-1 inhibitor olaparib markedly decreased LPS-induced cytokines, protein extravasation in bronchoalveolar fluid, lung wet-to-dry ratios, and myeloperoxidase activity. Furthermore, PARP-1 inhibitors decreased NF-кB luciferase reporter activity and LPS-induced ALI in NF-кB reporter mice. Thus, our study demonstrates that inhibiting NFATc3 and NF-кB polyADP-ribosylation with PARP-1 inhibitors prevented LPS-induced ALI pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Teja Srinivas Nirujogi
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,East Liverpool City Hospital, East Liverpool, Ohio, USA
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Genomics Resource Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brenda F Reader
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sangwoon Chung
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua A Englert
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John W Christman
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA,
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26
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Mariani L, Weinand K, Gisselbrecht SS, Bulyk ML. MEDEA: analysis of transcription factor binding motifs in accessible chromatin. Genome Res 2020; 30:736-748. [PMID: 32424069 PMCID: PMC7263192 DOI: 10.1101/gr.260877.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the interplay between chromatin accessibility and transcription factor (TF) binding is fundamental to understanding transcriptional regulation, control of cellular states, and the establishment of new phenotypes. Recent genome-wide chromatin accessibility profiling studies have provided catalogs of putative open regions, where TFs can recognize their motifs and regulate gene expression programs. Here, we present motif enrichment in differential elements of accessibility (MEDEA), a computational tool that analyzes high-throughput chromatin accessibility genomic data to identify cell-type-specific accessible regions and lineage-specific motifs associated with TF binding therein. To benchmark MEDEA, we used a panel of reference cell lines profiled by ENCODE and curated by the ENCODE Project Consortium for the ENCODE-DREAM Challenge. By comparing results with RNA-seq data, ChIP-seq peaks, and DNase-seq footprints, we show that MEDEA improves the detection of motifs associated with known lineage specifiers. We then applied MEDEA to 610 ENCODE DNase-seq data sets, where it revealed significant motifs even when absolute enrichment was low and where it identified novel regulators, such as NRF1 in kidney development. Finally, we show that MEDEA performs well on both bulk and single-cell ATAC-seq data. MEDEA is publicly available as part of our Glossary-GENRE suite for motif enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mariani
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kathryn Weinand
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics PhD Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Stephen S Gisselbrecht
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Martha L Bulyk
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics PhD Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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27
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The role of Ca 2+/NFAT in Dysfunction and Inflammation of Human Coronary Endothelial Cells induced by Sera from patients with Kawasaki disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4706. [PMID: 32170198 PMCID: PMC7069934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (Ca2+/NFAT) signaling pathway may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD). We investigated the poorly understood Ca2+/NFAT regulation of coronary artery endothelial cells and consequent dysfunction in KD pathogenesis. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) stimulated with sera from patients with KD, compared with sera from healthy children, exhibited significant increases in proliferation and angiogenesis, higher levels of NFATc1 and NFATc3 and some inflammatory molecules, and increased nuclear translocation of NFATc1 and NFATc3. HCAECs stimulated with sera from patients with KD treated with cyclosporine A (CsA) showed decreased proliferation, angiogenesis, NFATc1 and inflammatory molecules levels as compared with results for untreated HCAECs. In conclusion, our data reveal that KD sera activate the Ca2+/NFAT in HCAECs, leading to dysfunction and inflammation of endothelial cells. CsA has cytoprotective effects by ameliorating endothelial cell homeostasis via Ca2+/NFAT.
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28
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Park YJ, Yoo SA, Kim M, Kim WU. The Role of Calcium-Calcineurin-NFAT Signaling Pathway in Health and Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:195. [PMID: 32210952 PMCID: PMC7075805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential signaling molecule that controls a wide range of biological functions. In the immune system, calcium signals play a central role in a variety of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and numerous gene transcriptions. During an immune response, the engagement of T-cell and B-cell antigen receptors induces a decrease in the intracellular Ca2+ store and then activates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) to raise the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which is mediated by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. Recently, identification of the two critical regulators of the CRAC channel, stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai1, has broadened our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of Ca2+ signaling in lymphocytes. Repetitive or prolonged increase in intracellular Ca2+ is required for the calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of an activated T cell (NFAT). Recent data indicate that Ca2+-calcineurin-NFAT1 to 4 pathways are dysregulated in autoimmune diseases. Therefore, calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine and tacrolimus, have been used for the treatment of such autoimmune diseases as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we review the role of the Ca2+-calcineurin–NFAT signaling pathway in health and diseases, focusing on the STIM and Orai1, and discuss the deregulated calcium-mediated calcineurin-NFAT pathway in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yune-Jung Park
- POSTEC-CATHOLIC Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yoo
- POSTEC-CATHOLIC Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mingyo Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeonsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- POSTEC-CATHOLIC Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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29
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Yang H, Zheng M, Guo M, Chen H, Sun L, Han Z, Tao J, Ju X, Tan R, Wei JF, Gu M. An intronic polymorphism of NFATC1 gene shows a risk association with biopsy-proven acute rejection in renal transplant recipients. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:211. [PMID: 32309358 PMCID: PMC7154465 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background We aimed to explore the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NFATC1 gene on the occurrence of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) in renal transplant recipients. Methods Blood samples from 131 subjects with stable allograft function (STA) and 69 with BPAR episodes were collected and analyzed using target sequencing (TS) with an established panel. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for logistic regression models adjusted for confounding factors. Pathological changes were extracted and the relationship with tagger SNPs was calculated. Moreover, the CCK-8 assay was performed to explore the proliferation of T lymphocytes, and PCR, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were applied to identify the effect of mutant on the activation of T cells. Results High-quality readouts were obtained for 55 NFATC1 SNPs and 14 tagger SNPs were remained for further analysis. After adjusting for clinical confounding factors, the distribution of four NFATC1 SNPs, including rs2290154, rs2304738, rs754093 and rs754096, were statistically significant between STA and BPAR groups. Pathological association analysis indicated one SNP, rs2290154, was significantly related with the Banff score and renal tubulitis. Our in vitro study suggested that NFATC1 rs2290154 mutant could remarkably promote the T cell proliferation, increase the transcription of NFATC1 mRNA and expression of NFATC1 protein, as well as the interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion. Conclusions We reported the crucial association of NFATC1 gene with the occurrence of acute rejection (AR) episodes. Moreover, in vitro NFATC1 rs2290154 was significantly involved in the T lymphocytes activation and proliferation through increasing the translation of NFATC1 mRNA and expression of NFATC1 protein, along with the secretion of IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hengcheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaobing Ju
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ji-Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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30
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Mechanisms regulating myoblast fusion: A multilevel interplay. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:81-92. [PMID: 32063453 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myoblast fusion into myotubes is one of the crucial steps of skeletal muscle development (myogenesis). The fusion is preceded by specification of a myogenic lineage (mesodermal progenitors) differentiating into myoblasts and is followed by myofiber-type specification and neuromuscular junction formation. Similarly to other processes of myogenesis, the fusion requires a very precise spatial and temporal regulation occuring both during embryonic development as well as regeneration and repair of the muscle. A plethora of genes and their products is involved in regulation of myoblast fusion and a precise multilevel interplay between them is crucial for myogenic cells to fuse. In this review, we describe both cellular events taking place during myoblast fusion (migration, adhesion, elongation, cell-cell recognition, alignment, and fusion of myoblast membranes enabling formation of myotubes) as well as recent findings on mechanisms regulating this process. Also, we present muscle disorders in humans that have been associated with defects in genes involved in regulation of myoblast fusion.
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31
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Hall G, Wang L, Spurney RF. TRPC Channels in Proteinuric Kidney Diseases. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010044. [PMID: 31877991 PMCID: PMC7016871 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a decade ago, mutations in the gene encoding TRPC6 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6) were linked to development of familial forms of nephrosis. Since this discovery, TRPC6 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of non-genetic forms of kidney disease including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), diabetic nephropathy, immune-mediated kidney diseases, and renal fibrosis. On the basis of these findings, TRPC6 has become an important target for the development of therapeutic agents to treat diverse kidney diseases. Although TRPC6 has been a major focus for drug discovery, more recent studies suggest that other TRPC family members play a role in the pathogenesis of glomerular disease processes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review highlights the data implicating TRPC6 and other TRPC family members in both genetic and non-genetic forms of kidney disease, focusing on TRPC3, TRPC5, and TRPC6 in a cell type (glomerular podocytes) that plays a key role in proteinuric kidney diseases.
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Tellechea A, Bai S, Dangwal S, Theocharidis G, Nagai M, Koerner S, Cheong JE, Bhasin S, Shih TY, Zheng Y, Zhao W, Zhang C, Li X, Kounas K, Panagiotidou S, Theoharides T, Mooney D, Bhasin M, Sun L, Veves A. Topical Application of a Mast Cell Stabilizer Improves Impaired Diabetic Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:901-911.e11. [PMID: 31568772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing in the diabetic foot is a major problem often leading to amputation. Mast cells have been shown to regulate wound healing in diabetes. We developed an indole-carboxamide type mast cell stabilizer, MCS-01, which proved to be an effective mast cell degranulation inhibitor in vitro and can be delivered topically for prolonged periods through controlled release by specifically designed alginate bandages. In diabetic mice, both pre- and post-wounding, topical MCS-01 application accelerated wound healing comparable to that achieved with systemic mast cell stabilization. Moreover, MCS-01 altered the macrophage phenotype, promoting classically activated polarization. Bulk transcriptome analysis from wounds treated with MCS-01 or placebo showed that MCS-01 significantly modulated the mRNA and microRNA profile of diabetic wounds, stimulated upregulation of pathways linked to acute inflammation and immune cell migration, and activated the NF-κB complex along with other master regulators of inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of 6,154 cells from wounded and unwounded mouse skin revealed that MCS-01 primarily altered the gene expression of mast cells, monocytes, and keratinocytes. Taken together, these findings offer insights into the process of diabetic wound healing and suggest topical mast cell stabilization as a potentially successful treatment for diabetic foot ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tellechea
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sha Bai
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seema Dangwal
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Institute for Translational and Therapeutics Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georgios Theocharidis
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masa Nagai
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steffi Koerner
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jae Eun Cheong
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swati Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Shih
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - YongJun Zheng
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wanni Zhao
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Konstantinos Kounas
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Smaro Panagiotidou
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Drug, Discovery Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theoharis Theoharides
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Drug, Discovery Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Cho E, Chen Z, Lee J, Lee S, Lee TH. PSTP-3,5-Me Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183346. [PMID: 31540026 PMCID: PMC6767254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis is an orchestrated process regulated by osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Excessive osteoclastogenesis causes bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Although a few drugs are effective in osteoporosis treatment, these drugs lead to side effects, including cellulitis, flatulence, and hypocalcemia. In this study, we reported a 2-(N-Phenylmethylsulfonamido)-N-(2-(phenylthio)phenyl)propanamide (PSTP) compound, PSTP-3,5-Me, as a potential therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the presence of PSTP-3,5-Me. PSTP-3,5-Me inhibited osteoclast differentiation by reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts, and suppressed the expression of osteoclast marker genes, such as cathepsin K (Ctsk) and TRAP (Acp5). We investigated signaling pathways mediated by RANKL and its receptor, RANK, and found that PSTP-3,5-Me inhibits nucleus translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic-1 (NFATc1). Moreover, PSTP-3,5-Me inhibited F-actin ring formation and mineral resorption. Overall, our data suggests that PSTP-3,5-Me attenuates osteoclast differentiation by blocking the activation of NFATc1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Cho
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Jinkyung Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
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Der Vartanian A, Chabanais J, Carrion C, Maftah A, Germot A. Downregulation of POFUT1 Impairs Secondary Myogenic Fusion Through a Reduced NFATc2/IL-4 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184396. [PMID: 31500188 PMCID: PMC6770550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Past work has shown that the protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (POFUT1) is involved in mammal myogenic differentiation program. Pofut1 knockdown (Po –) in murine C2C12 cells leads to numerous elongated and thin myotubes, suggesting significant defects in secondary fusion. Among the few pathways involved in this process, NFATc2/IL-4 is described as the major one. To unravel the impact of POFUT1 on secondary fusion, we used wild-type (WT) C2C12 and Po – cell lines to follow Myf6, Nfatc2, Il-4 and Il-4rα expressions during a 120 h myogenic differentiation time course. Secreted IL-4 was quantified by ELISA. IL-4Rα expression and its labeling on myogenic cell types were investigated by Western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. Phenotypic observations of cells treated with IL-4Rα blocking antibody were performed. In Po –, we found a decrease in nuclei number per myotube and a downexpression of Myf6. The observed downregulation of Nfatc2 is correlated to a diminution of secreted IL-4 and to the low level of IL-4Rα for reserve cells. Neutralization of IL-4Rα on WT C2C12 promotes myonuclear accretion defects, similarly to those identified in Po –. Thus, POFUT1 could be a new controller of myotube growth during myogenesis, especially through NFATc2/IL-4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Der Vartanian
- PEIRENE, EA 7500, Glycosylation et différenciation cellulaire, Université de Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- present address: INSERM, IMRB U955-E10, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, F-94000 Créteil, France
| | - Julien Chabanais
- PEIRENE, EA 7500, Glycosylation et différenciation cellulaire, Université de Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Claire Carrion
- UMR CNRS 7276, Contrôle de la Réponse Immune et des Lymphoproliférations, Université de Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Abderrahman Maftah
- PEIRENE, EA 7500, Glycosylation et différenciation cellulaire, Université de Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Agnès Germot
- PEIRENE, EA 7500, Glycosylation et différenciation cellulaire, Université de Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)5-55-45-76-57
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35
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Saini A, Björkhem-Bergman L, Boström J, Lilja M, Melin M, Olsson K, Ekström L, Bergman P, Altun M, Rullman E, Gustafsson T. Impact of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor TaqI polymorphism in primary human myoblasts. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:1070-1081. [PMID: 31252402 PMCID: PMC6652245 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The CC-genotype of the VDR polymorphism TaqI rs731236 has previously been associated with a higher risk of developing myopathy compared to TT-carriers. However, the mechanistic role of this polymorphism in skeletal muscle is not well defined. The effects of vitamin D on patients genotyped for the VDR polymorphism TaqI rs731236, comparing CC and TT-carriers were evaluated. Primary human myoblasts isolated from 4 CC-carriers were compared with myoblasts isolated from 4 TT-carriers and treated with vitamin D in vitro. A dose-dependent inhibitory effect on myoblast proliferation and differentiation was observed concurrent with modifications of key myogenic regulatory factors. RNA-sequencing revealed a Vitamin D dose-response gene signature enriched with a higher number of VDR-responsive elements (VDREs) per gene. Interestingly, the greater the expression of muscle differentiation markers in myoblasts the more pronounced was the Vitamin D-mediated response to suppress genes associated with myogenic fusion and myotube formation. This novel finding provides a mechanistic explanation to the inconsistency regarding previous reports of the role of vitamin D in myoblast differentiation. No effects in myoblast proliferation, differentiation or gene expression were related to CC vs. TT carriers. Our findings suggest that the VDR polymorphism TaqI rs731236 comparing CC vs. TT carriers did not influence the effects of vitamin D on primary human myoblasts and that vitamin D inhibits myoblast proliferation and differentiation through key regulators of cell cycle progression. Future studies need to employ strategies to identify the primary responses of vitamin D that drive the cellular response towards quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarjit Saini
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Björkhem-Bergman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Departments of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Boström
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lilja
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Melin
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Olsson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Ekström
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Altun
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Rullman
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Zhang Y, Chen D, Zhao L, Li W, Ni Y, Chen Y, Li H. Nfatc4 Deficiency Attenuates Ototoxicity by Suppressing Tnf-Mediated Hair Cell Apoptosis in the Mouse Cochlea. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1660. [PMID: 31379853 PMCID: PMC6650568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of sensory hair cells in the cochlea is the major cause of sensorineural hearing loss, and inflammatory processes and immune factors in response to cochlear damage have been shown to induce hair cell apoptosis. The expression and function of Nfatc4 in the cochlea remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of Nfatc4 in the mouse cochlea and explored its function using Nfatc4−/− mice. We first showed that Nfatc4 was expressed in the cochlear hair cells. Cochlear hair cell development and hearing function were normal in Nfatc4−/− mice, suggesting that Nfatc4 is not critical for cochlear development. We then showed that when the hair cells were challenged by ototoxic drugs Nfatc4 was activated and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and this was accompanied by increased expression of Tnf and its downstream targets and subsequent hair cell apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that Nfatc4-deficient hair cells showed lower sensitivity to damage induced by ototoxic drugs and noise exposure compared to wild type controls. The Tnf-mediated apoptosis pathway was attenuated in Nfatc4-deficient cochlear epithelium, and this might be the reason for the reduced sensitivity of Nfatc4-deficient hair cells to injury. These findings suggest that the amelioration of inflammation-mediated hair cell apoptosis by inhibition of Nfatc4 activation might have significant therapeutic value in preventing ototoxic drug or noise exposure-induced sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Diyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusu Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, Shanghai, China
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37
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Disatham J, Chauss D, Gheyas R, Brennan L, Blanco D, Daley L, Menko AS, Kantorow M. Lens differentiation is characterized by stage-specific changes in chromatin accessibility correlating with differentiation state-specific gene expression. Dev Biol 2019; 453:86-104. [PMID: 31136738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in chromatin accessibility regulate the expression of multiple genes by controlling transcription factor access to key gene regulatory sequences. Here, we sought to establish a potential function for altered chromatin accessibility in control of key gene expression events during lens cell differentiation by establishing genome-wide chromatin accessibility maps specific for four distinct stages of lens cell differentiation and correlating specific changes in chromatin accessibility with genome-wide changes in gene expression. ATAC sequencing was employed to generate chromatin accessibility profiles that were correlated with the expression profiles of over 10,000 lens genes obtained by high-throughput RNA sequencing at the same stages of lens cell differentiation. Approximately 90,000 regions of the lens genome exhibited distinct changes in chromatin accessibility at one or more stages of lens differentiation. Over 1000 genes exhibited high Pearson correlation coefficients (r > 0.7) between altered expression levels at specific stages of lens cell differentiation and changes in chromatin accessibility in potential promoter (-7.5kbp/+2.5kbp of the transcriptional start site) and/or other potential cis-regulatory regions ( ±10 kb of the gene body). Analysis of these regions identified consensus binding sequences for multiple transcription factors including members of the TEAD, FOX, and NFAT families of transcription factors as well as HIF1a, RBPJ and IRF1. Functional mapping of genes with high correlations between altered chromatin accessibility and differentiation state-specific gene expression changes identified multiple families of proteins whose expression could be regulated through changes in chromatin accessibility including those governing lens structure (BFSP1,BFSP2), gene expression (Pax-6, Sox 2), translation (TDRD7), cell-cell communication (GJA1), autophagy (FYCO1), signal transduction (SMAD3, EPHA2), and lens transparency (CRYBB1, CRYBA4). These data provide a novel relationship between altered chromatin accessibility and lens differentiation and they identify a wide-variety of lens genes and functions that could be regulated through altered chromatin accessibility. The data also point to a large number of potential DNA regulatory sequences and transcription factors whose functional analysis is likely to provide insight into novel regulatory mechanisms governing the lens differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Disatham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Chauss
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rifah Gheyas
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - David Blanco
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Lauren Daley
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - A Sue Menko
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
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38
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Chen F, Zhang YM, Wang JT, Wang J, Cui ZL, Liu ZR. Pre-treatment with FK506 reduces hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2019; 43:161-170. [PMID: 30713033 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study is aimed to investigate the protective effects and possible mechanism of tacrolimus (FK506) pre-treatment in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS The rats were randomly assigned into four groups, which were S, IR, L and H group, and then all groups were subjected to 60min of 70% partial warm liver ischemia, except S group. Rats in the L and H group were pre-treated with two different doses FK506 at 60min before ischemia. The rats of the IR group received an identical volume of normal saline. All animals were sacrificed after 6h of reperfusion. Transaminases were measured by biochemistry analyzer. Elisa kit was used to detect TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in serum. Liver specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to assess the pathologic changes. The expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT3) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting and the Bcl-2 and the Bax protein were tested by western blotting. RESULTS In rats pre-treated with FK506, the levels of transaminases, TNF-α and IL-1β were reduced significantly and also liver damage was dramatically mitigated compared to those without FK506 pre-treatment. Moreover, the expression of HO-1 at the level of both transcription and translation increased clearly and the activation of the HIF-1α was found in FK506 pre-treated livers. Moreover, NFAT3 protein transportation to the nucleus was reduced and Bax protein expression was decreased, but the expression of Bcl-2 protein was markedly increased after FK506 pre-treatment. CONCLUSION FK506 pre-treatment could lessen hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury through up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α and HO-1, and inhibiting nuclear translocation of NFAT3 in liver tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, 261001 Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Min Zhang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tianjin First Center hospital, No. 24, Fukang road, Nankai district, 300192 Tianjin, China.
| | - Jing-Tao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, 261001 Shandong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tianjin First Center hospital, No. 24, Fukang road, Nankai district, 300192 Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Lin Cui
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tianjin First Center hospital, No. 24, Fukang road, Nankai district, 300192 Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Rong Liu
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Tianjin First Center hospital, No. 24, Fukang road, Nankai district, 300192 Tianjin, China
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TRPC-mediated Ca 2+ signaling and control of cellular functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 94:28-39. [PMID: 30738858 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Canonical members of the TRP superfamily of ion channels have long been recognized as key elements of Ca2+ handling in a plethora of cell types. The emerging role of TRPC channels in human physiopathology has generated considerable interest in their pharmacological targeting, which requires detailed understanding of their molecular function. Although consent has been reached that receptor-phospholipase C (PLC) pathways and generation of lipid mediators constitute the prominent upstream signaling process that governs channel activity, multimodal sensing features of TRPC complexes have been demonstrated repeatedly. Downstream signaling by TRPC channels is similarly complex and involves the generation of local and global cellular Ca2+ rises, which are well-defined in space and time to govern specific cellular functions. These TRPC-mediated Ca2+ signals rely in part on Ca2+ permeation through the channels, but are essentially complemented by secondary mechanisms such as Ca2+ mobilization from storage sites and Na+/Ca2+ exchange, which involve coordinated interaction with signaling partners. Consequently, the control of cell functions by TRPC molecules is critically determined by dynamic assembly and subcellular targeting of the TRPC complexes. The very recent availability of high-resolution structure information on TRPC channel complexes has paved the way towards a comprehensive understanding of signal transduction by TRPC channels. Here, we summarize current concepts of cation permeation in TRPC complexes, TRPC-mediated shaping of cellular Ca2+ signals and the associated control of specific cell functions.
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Gene Expression Profiling of NFATc1-Knockdown in RAW 264.7 Cells: An Alternative Pathway for Macrophage Differentiation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020131. [PMID: 30736420 PMCID: PMC6406727 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
NFATc1, which is ubiquitous in many cell types, is the master regulator of osteoclastogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which NFATc1 drives its transcriptional program to produce osteoclasts from macrophages (M) remains poorly understood. We performed quantitative PCR (QPCR) arrays and bioinformatic analyses to discover new direct and indirect NFATc1 targets. The results revealed that NFATc1 significantly modified the expression of 55 genes in untransfected cells and 31 genes after NFATc1-knockdown (≥2). Among them, we focused on 19 common genes that showed changes in the PCR arrays between the two groups of cells. Gene Ontology (GO) demonstrated that genes related to cell differentiation and the development process were significantly (p > 0.05) affected by NFATc1-knockdown. Among all the genes analyzed, we focused on GATA2, which was up-regulated in NFATc1-knockdown cells, while its expression was reduced after NFATc1 rescue. Thus, we suggest GATA2 as a new target of NFATc1. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified up-regulated GATA2 and the STAT family members as principal nodes involved in cell differentiation. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that STAT6 was activated in parallel with GATA2 in NFATc1-knockdown cells. We suggest an alternative pathway for macrophage differentiation in the absence of NFATc1 due to the GATA2 transcription factor.
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Li Z, Zhang X, Guo Z, Zhong Y, Wang P, Li J, Li Z, Liu P. SIRT6 Suppresses NFATc4 Expression and Activation in Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1519. [PMID: 30670969 PMCID: PMC6331469 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
NFATc4, a member from the Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (NFATs) transcription factor family, plays a pivotal role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. NFATc4 is dephosphorylated by calcineurin and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to regulate the expression of hypertrophic genes, like brain natriuretic polypeptide (BNP). The present study identified SIRT6, an important subtype of NAD+ dependent class III histone deacetylase, to be a negative regulator of NFATc4 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In phenylephrine (PE)-induced hypertrophic cardiomyocyte model, overexpression of SIRT6 by adenovirus infection or by plasmid transfection repressed the protein and mRNA expressions of NFATc4, elevated its phosphorylation level, prevented its nuclear accumulation, subsequently suppressed its transcriptional activity and downregulated its target gene BNP. By contrast, mutant of SIRT6 without deacetylase activity (H133Y) did not demonstrate these effects, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of SIRT6 on NFATc4 was dependent on its deacetylase activity. Moreover, the effect of SIRT6 overexpression on repressing BNP expression was reversed by NFATc4 replenishment, whereas the effect of SIRT6 deficiency on upregulating BNP was recovered by NFATc4 silencing. Mechanistically, interactions between SIRT6 and NFATc4 might possibly facilitate the deacetylation of NFATc4 by SIRT6, thereby preventing the activation of NFATc4. In conclusion, the present study reveals that SIRT6 suppresses the expression and activation of NFATc4. These findings provide more evidences of the anti-hypertrophic effect of SIRT6 and suggest SIRT6 as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Third People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Martínez-Martínez S, Lozano-Vidal N, López-Maderuelo MD, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, Armesilla ÁL, Redondo JM. Cardiomyocyte calcineurin is required for the onset and progression of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in adult mice. FEBS J 2018; 286:46-65. [PMID: 30548183 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of calcineurin induces pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH). In these studies, loss-of-function was mostly achieved by systemic administration of the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A. The lack of conditional knockout models for calcineurin function has impeded progress toward defining the role of this protein during the onset and the development of CH in adults. Here, we exploited a mouse model of CH based on the infusion of a hypertensive dose of angiotensin II (AngII) to model the role of calcineurin in CH in adulthood. AngII-induced CH in adult mice was reduced by treatment with cyclosporin A, without affecting the associated increase in blood pressure, and also by induction of calcineurin deletion in adult mouse cardiomyocytes, indicating that cardiomyocyte calcineurin is required for AngII-induced CH. Surprisingly, cardiac-specific deletion of calcineurin, but not treatment of mice with cyclosporin A, significantly reduced AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. Analysis of profibrotic genes revealed that AngII-induced expression of Tgfβ family members and Lox was not inhibited by cyclosporin A but was markedly reduced by cardiac-specific calcineurin deletion. These results show that AngII induces a direct, calcineurin-dependent prohypertrophic effect in cardiomyocytes, as well as a systemic hypertensive effect that is independent of calcineurin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martínez-Martínez
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Noelia Lozano-Vidal
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores López-Maderuelo
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Luis J Jiménez-Borreguero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain.,Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Armesilla
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
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Subileau M, Merdzhanova G, Ciais D, Collin-Faure V, Feige JJ, Bailly S, Vittet D. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Regulates Early Lymphatic-Specified Endothelial Cell Expansion during Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 12:98-111. [PMID: 30595547 PMCID: PMC6335586 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous cues involved in the regulation of the initial steps of lymphatic endothelial development remain largely unknown. We have used an in vitro model based on the co-culture of vascular precursors derived from mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and OP9 stromal cells to examine the first steps of lymphatic specification and expansion. We found that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) induced a dose-dependent biphasic effect on ESC-derived vascular precursors. At low concentrations, below 1 ng/mL, BMP9 expands the LYVE-1-positive lymphatic progeny and activates the calcineurin phosphatase/NFATc1 signaling pathway. In contrast, higher BMP9 concentrations preferentially enhance the formation of LYVE-1-negative endothelial cells. This effect results from an OP9 stromal cell-mediated VEGF-A secretion. RNA-silencing experiments indicate specific involvement of ALK1 and ALK2 receptors in these different BMP9 responses. BMP9 at low concentrations may be a useful tool to generate lymphatic endothelial cells from stem cells for cell-replacement strategies. Low doses of BMP9 raise lymph-vasculogenesis during ESC differentiation NFATc1 signaling operates in BMP9-induced lymphatic endothelial cell expansion High doses of BMP9 increase LYVE-1-negative endothelial cell formation A specific differential involvement of ALK1 and ALK2 mediates the BMP9 effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Subileau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, BIG-BCI, Grenoble 38000, France
| | | | - Delphine Ciais
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, BIG-BCI, Grenoble 38000, France
| | | | | | - Sabine Bailly
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, BIG-BCI, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Daniel Vittet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, BIG-BCI, Grenoble 38000, France.
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44
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Niderla-BieliŃska J, Jankowska-Steifer E, Flaht-Zabost A, Gula G, Czarnowska E, Ratajska A. Proepicardium: Current Understanding of its Structure, Induction, and Fate. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:893-903. [PMID: 30421563 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The proepicardium (PE) is a transitory extracardiac embryonic structure which plays a crucial role in cardiac morphogenesis and delivers various cell lineages to the developing heart. The PE arises from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) and is present in all vertebrate species. During development, mesothelial cells of the PE reach the naked myocardium either as free-floating aggregates in the form of vesicles or via a tissue bridge; subsequently, they attach to the myocardium and, finally, form the third layer of a mature heart-the epicardium. After undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) some of the epicardial cells migrate into the myocardial wall and differentiate into fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and possibly other cell types. Despite many recent findings, the molecular pathways that control not only proepicardial induction and differentiation but also epicardial formation and epicardial cell fate are poorly understood. Knowledge about these events is essential because molecular mechanisms that occur during embryonic development have been shown to be reactivated in pathological conditions, for example, after myocardial infarction, during hypertensive heart disease or other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, in this review we intended to summarize the current knowledge about PE formation and structure, as well as proepicardial cell fate in animals commonly used as models for studies on heart development. Anat Rec, 302:893-903, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Gula
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,The Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine (SMM), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czarnowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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45
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Efremov YR, Proskurina AS, Potter EA, Dolgova EV, Efremova OV, Taranov OS, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Kolchanov NA, Bogachev SS. Cancer Stem Cells: Emergent Nature of Tumor Emergency. Front Genet 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30505319 PMCID: PMC6250818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties. It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana V Efremova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Ostanin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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46
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Kim KS, Seibert JT, Edea Z, Graves KL, Kim ES, Keating AF, Baumgard LH, Ross JW, Rothschild MF. Characterization of the acute heat stress response in gilts: III. Genome-wide association studies of thermotolerance traits in pigs. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2074-2085. [PMID: 29669012 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the limiting factors negatively affecting pig production, health, and fertility. Characterizing genomic regions responsible for variation in HS tolerance would be useful in identifying important genetic factor(s) regulating physiological responses to HS. In the present study, we performed genome-wide association analyses for respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (TR), and skin temperature (TS) during HS in 214 crossbred gilts genotyped for 68,549 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) using the Porcine SNP 70K BeadChip. Considering the top 0.1% smoothed phenotypic variances explained by SNP windows, we detected 26, 26, 21, and 14 genes that reside within SNPs explaining the largest proportion of variance (top 25 SNP windows) and associated with change in RR (ΔRR) from thermoneutral (TN) conditions to HS environment, as well as the change in prepubertal TR (ΔTR), change in postpubertal ΔTR, and change in TS (ΔTS), respectively. The region between 28.85 Mb and 29.10 Mb on chromosome 16 explained about 0.05% of the observed variation for ΔRR. The growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene resides in this region and is associated with the HS response. The other important candidate genes associated with ΔRR (PAIP1, NNT, and TEAD4), ΔTR (LIMS2, TTR, and TEAD4), and ΔTS (ERBB4, FKBP1B, NFATC2, and ATP9A) have reported roles in the cellular stress response. The SNP explaining the largest proportion of variance and located within and in the vicinity of genes were related to apoptosis or cellular stress and are potential candidates that underlie the physiological response to HS in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Suk Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jacob T Seibert
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Zewde Edea
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Kody L Graves
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Eui-Soo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.,Recombinetics, St. Paul, MN
| | | | | | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Kraner SD, Norris CM. Astrocyte Activation and the Calcineurin/NFAT Pathway in Cerebrovascular Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:287. [PMID: 30297999 PMCID: PMC6160594 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin (CN) is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase with high abundance in nervous tissue. Though enriched in neurons, CN can become strongly induced in subsets of activated astrocytes under different pathological conditions where it interacts extensively with the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATs). Recent work has shown that regions of small vessel damage are associated with the upregulation of a proteolized, highly active form of CN in nearby astrocytes, suggesting a link between the CN/NFAT pathway and chronic cerebrovascular disease. In this Mini Review article, we discuss CN/NFAT signaling properties in the context of vascular disease and use previous cell type-specific intervention studies in Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury models as a framework to understand how astrocytic CN/NFATs may couple vascular pathology to neurodegeneration and cognitive loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D. Kraner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Christopher M. Norris
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
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48
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Sompol P, Norris CM. Ca 2+, Astrocyte Activation and Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:199. [PMID: 30038565 PMCID: PMC6046440 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence supports a fundamental role for Ca2+ dysregulation in astrocyte activation. Though the activated astrocyte phenotype is complex, cell-type targeting approaches have revealed a number of detrimental roles of activated astrocytes involving neuroinflammation, release of synaptotoxic factors and loss of glutamate regulation. Work from our lab and others has suggested that the Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin (CN), provides a critical link between Ca2+ dysregulation and the activated astrocyte phenotype. A proteolyzed, hyperactivated form of CN appears at high levels in activated astrocytes in both human tissue and rodent tissue around regions of amyloid and vascular pathology. Similar upregulation of the CN-dependent transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT4) also appears in activated astrocytes in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (ADs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Major consequences of hyperactivated CN/NFAT4 signaling in astrocytes are neuroinflammation, synapse dysfunction and glutamate dysregulation/excitotoxicity, which will be covered in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradoldej Sompol
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Christopher M Norris
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
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Velmurugan BK, Chang R, Marthandam Asokan S, Chang C, Day C, Lin Y, Lin Y, Kuo W, Huang C. A minireview of E4BP4/NFIL3 in heart failure. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8458-8466. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Kumar Velmurugan
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Ruey‐Lin Chang
- College of Chinese Medicine, School of Post‐Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | | | - Chih‐Fen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology Taichung Armed Force Taichung General Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | | | - Yueh‐Min Lin
- Department of Pathology Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen‐Teh Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management Miaoli Taiwan
| | - Yuan‐Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology Asia University Taichung Taiwan
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Boboridis KG, Konstas AGP. Evaluating the novel application of cyclosporine 0.1% in ocular surface disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2018; 19:1027-1039. [PMID: 29847195 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2018.1479742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular surface disease (OSD) is a highly prevalent symptomatic condition caused by dry eye disease (DED), intrinsic, environmental, or iatrogenic causes. It affects patient's visual function and quality of life. Its pathophysiology is centered on tear hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and epithelial damage. Current management is suboptimal and includes artificial tear supplementation and short-term use of topical steroids in severe cases. The recent approval of cyclosporine 0.1% has transformed management strategies of severe DED and moderate-to-severe OSD. Areas covered: This review summarizes existing information on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the new cyclosporine 0.1% formulation. Expert opinion: Topical cyclosporine A 0.1% represents a promising, novel medication for the management of DED, Meibomian gland dysfunction, and inflammatory OSD. It is primarily beneficial for those patients requiring topical immunomodulatory therapy. This topical formulation also has the potential to meaningfully improve the management of moderate-to-severe glaucoma therapy-related OSD. Currently there is limited published clinical data concerning the efficacy of topical cyclosporine. There are, however, theoretical advantages when comparing this cyclosporine formulation with other established commercial preparations. Future research is needed to delineate the precise role and value of this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstadinos G Boboridis
- a 1st and 3rd University Departments of Ophthalmology , Aristotle University , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Anastasios G P Konstas
- a 1st and 3rd University Departments of Ophthalmology , Aristotle University , Thessaloniki , Greece
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