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Tang X, Liu Z, Liu H, Zhang H, Tian Y, Xia S, Sun Z, Luo G. Construction of lncRNA- and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks in the prostatic urethra of rats after simulating transurethral laser prostatectomy (TULP). Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1363-1377. [PMID: 37410211 PMCID: PMC11224087 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNA appears to be involved in wound repair. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) appears to be an important post-transcriptional mechanism, it means that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) or circular RNA (circRNA) acts as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge to further regulate mRNA. However, ceRNA network related to wound repair after prostatectomy has yet been constructed. TULP is the main surgical method of prostatectomy, but there have been no reports of TULP rat models in the past. We simulated TULP on rats, and observed the whole process of wound injury and repair after operation through pathological examination of wound tissue. Next, we discovered 732 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 47 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), 17 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and 1892 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) related to wound repair after TULP through full transcriptome microarray and bioinformatics methods, and confirmed the reliability of transcriptome data by quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry. Then, we constructed the lncRNA- and circRNA-associated ceRNA regulatory networks related to wound repair after TULP in rats. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed that molecules in these networks were mainly involved in inflammatory infiltration, cell differentiation, and intercellular interactions and involved signal pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Thus, this study successfully established the TULP model in rats, revealed potentially important biomarkers and ceRNA networks after prostatectomy in rats, and provided theoretical support for the repair of post-prostatectomy wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoHu Tang
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - ZhiYan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - ShuJie Xia
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - ZhaoLin Sun
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - GuangHeng Luo
- Department of Urology Surgery, Guizhou Province People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China.
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2
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Scarian E, Viola C, Dragoni F, Di Gerlando R, Rizzo B, Diamanti L, Gagliardi S, Bordoni M, Pansarasa O. New Insights into Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2698. [PMID: 38473944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are two important and well-studied pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Due to elevated oxygen consumption, the high presence of easily oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids and the weak antioxidant defenses, the brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative injury. Uncertainty exists over whether these deficits contribute to the development of NDDs or are solely a consequence of neuronal degeneration. Furthermore, these two pathological hallmarks are linked, and it is known that OS can affect the inflammatory response. In this review, we will overview the last findings about these two pathways in the principal NDDs. Moreover, we will focus more in depth on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to understand how anti-inflammatory and antioxidants drugs have been used for the treatment of this still incurable motor neuron (MN) disease. Finally, we will analyze the principal past and actual clinical trials and the future perspectives in the study of these two pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveljn Scarian
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Camilla Viola
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Agostino Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Dragoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Adolfo Ferrata, 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Di Gerlando
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Adolfo Ferrata, 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Bartolo Rizzo
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Diamanti
- Neuroncology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stella Gagliardi
- Molecular Biology and Transcriptomics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Bordoni
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Cellular Models and Neuroepigenetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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3
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Encarnação S, Lima K, Malú Q, Caldeira GI, Duarte MP, Rocha J, Lima BS, Silva O. An Integrated Approach to the Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Genotoxic Potential of Portuguese Traditional Preparations from the Bark of Anacardium occidentale L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:420. [PMID: 38337956 PMCID: PMC10857173 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Anacardium occidentale L. stem bark Traditional Herbal Preparations (AoBTHPs) are widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and genotoxic potential of red and white Portuguese AoBTHPs. Using a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, a significant anti-edema effect was observed for all tested doses of white AoBTHP (40.2, 71.5, and 127.0 mg/kg) and the two highest doses of red AoB THP (71.5 and 127.0 mg/kg). The anti-edema effect of red AoBTHP's highest dose was much more effective than indomethacin 10 mg/kg, Trolox 30 mg/kg, and Tempol 30 mg/kg. In DPPH, FRAP, and TAC using the phosphomolybdenum method, both types of AoBTHPs showed similar antioxidant activity and no genotoxicity up to 5000 µg/plate in the Ames test. The LC-UV/DAD-ESI/MS fingerprint allowed the identification of gallic and protocatechuic acids as the two main marker compounds and the presence of catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and ellagic acid in both AoBTHPs. The obtained results support the validation of red and white AoB and their THPs as anti-inflammatory agents and contribute to the possible development of promising new therapeutic options to treat inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Encarnação
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Katelene Lima
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Quintino Malú
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Gonçalo I. Caldeira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Maria Paula Duarte
- MEtRICs/NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Almada, Portugal;
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Beatriz Silva Lima
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
| | - Olga Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.E.); (K.L.); (Q.M.); (G.I.C.); (J.R.); (B.S.L.)
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4
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Bartold M, Ivanovski S. Biological processes and factors involved in soft and hard tissue healing. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38243683 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and iterative process involving myriad cellular and biologic processes that are highly regulated to allow satisfactory repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. This review is intended to be an introductory chapter in a volume focusing on the use of platelet concentrates for tissue regeneration. In order to fully appreciate the clinical utility of these preparations, a sound understanding of the processes and factors involved in soft and hard tissue healing. This encompasses an appreciation of the cellular and biological mediators of both soft and hard tissues in general as well as specific consideration of the periodontal tissues. In light of good advances in this basic knowledge, there have been improvements in clinical strategies and therapeutic management of wound repair and regeneration. The use of platelet concentrates for tissue regeneration offers one such strategy and is based on the principles of cellular and biologic principles of wound repair discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bartold
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Saso Ivanovski
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Karling T, Weavers H. Rapid Preparation of Living Drosophila Pupal Macrophages for Ex Vivo Imaging. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2800:1-10. [PMID: 38709473 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3834-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The fruit fly Drosophila is a well-established invertebrate model that enables in vivo imaging of innate immune cell (e.g., macrophage) migration and signaling at high spatiotemporal resolution within the intact, living animal. While optimized methods already exist to enable flow cytometry-based macrophage isolation from Drosophila at various stages of development, there remains a need for more rapid and gentle methods to isolate living macrophages for downstream ex vivo applications. Here, we describe techniques for rapid and direct isolation of living macrophages from mature Drosophila pupae and their downstream ex vivo preparation for live imaging and immunostaining. This strategy enables straightforward access to physiologically relevant innate immune cells, both circulating and tissue-resident populations, for subsequent imaging of signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tua Karling
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helen Weavers
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Wu Y, Zhang P, Fan H, Zhang C, Yu P, Liang X, Chen Y. GPR35 acts a dual role and therapeutic target in inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254446. [PMID: 38035084 PMCID: PMC10687457 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
GPR35 is a G protein-coupled receptor with notable involvement in modulating inflammatory responses. Although the precise role of GPR35 in inflammation is not yet fully understood, studies have suggested that it may have both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects depending on the specific cellular environment. Some studies have shown that GPR35 activation can stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and facilitate the movement of immune cells towards inflammatory tissues or infected areas. Conversely, other investigations have suggested that GPR35 may possess anti-inflammatory properties in the gastrointestinal tract, liver and certain other tissues by curbing the generation of inflammatory mediators and endorsing the differentiation of regulatory T cells. The intricate role of GPR35 in inflammation underscores the requirement for more in-depth research to thoroughly comprehend its functional mechanisms and its potential significance as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this review is to concurrently investigate the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles of GPR35, thus illuminating both facets of this complex issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetian Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Hongjie Fan
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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7
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McGrouther DA. Hand infection: a management approach based on a new understanding of combined bacterial and neutrophil mediated tissue damage. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2023; 48:838-848. [PMID: 37218740 DOI: 10.1177/17531934231174819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Concepts of tissue damage from sepsis are rooted in the works of Pasteur regarding colonization by microorganisms, and Lister's observation of avoiding suppuration by their exclusion. The reactive inflammation has been considered a beneficial defence mechanism. A more complex biology is now unfolding of pathogenic mechanisms with toxins produced by the organisms now being placed in a broad category of virulence factors. Neutrophils are key cells in providing innate immunity and their trafficking to sites of infection results in entry to the extracellular space where they attack pathogens by release of the contents of neutrophil granules and neutrophil extracellular traps. There is now considerable evidence that much of the tissue damage in infection is due to excessive host innate immunological reaction; a hyperinflammatory response, whether localized or systemic. In addition to traditional surgical methods of drainage and decompression there is now a focus on dilution of inflammatory mediators. This emerging knowledge can potentially alter the way we approach hand infections.
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8
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Palomino-Antolín A, Decouty-Pérez C, Farré-Alins V, Narros-Fernández P, Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Álvarez-Rubal M, Valencia I, López-Muñoz F, Ramos E, Cuadrado A, Casas AI, Romero A, Egea J. Redox Regulation of Microglial Inflammatory Response: Fine Control of NLRP3 Inflammasome through Nrf2 and NOX4. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1729. [PMID: 37760032 PMCID: PMC10525647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammation and immunity in the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases has become increasingly relevant within the past few years. In this context, the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in the activation of inflammatory responses by promoting the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. We hypothesized that the interplay between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) may play a critical role in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent inflammatory responses. After priming mixed glial cultures with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cells were stimulated with ATP, showing a significant reduction of IL1-β release in NOX4 and Nrf2 KO mice. Importantly, NOX4 inhibition using GKT136901 also reduced IL-1β release, as in NOX4 KO mixed glial cultures. Moreover, we measured NOX4 and NLRP3 expression in wild-type mixed glial cultures following LPS treatment, observing that both increased after TLR4 activation, while 24 h treatment with tert-butylhydroquinone, a potent Nrf2 inducer, significantly reduced NLRP3 expression. LPS administration resulted in significant cognitive impairment compared to the control group. Indeed, LPS also modified the expression of NLRP3 and NOX4 in mouse hippocampus. However, mice treated with GKT136901 after LPS impairment showed a significantly improved discrimination index and recovered the expression of inflammatory genes to normal levels compared with wild-type animals. Hence, we here validate NOX4 as a key player in NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting NOX4 pharmacological inhibition as a potent therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Palomino-Antolín
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Céline Decouty-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Víctor Farré-Alins
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Paloma Narros-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - María Álvarez-Rubal
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Inés Valencia
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela University of Madrid (UCJC), 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28031 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana I. Casas
- Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Egea
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (C.D.-P.); (V.F.-A.); (P.N.-F.); (A.B.L.-R.)
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9
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Neumaier M, Giesler S, Ast V, Roemer M, Voß TD, Reinz E, Costina V, Schmelz M, Nürnberg E, Nittka S, Leppä AM, Rudolf R, Trumpp A, Fuchs T. Opsonization-independent antigen-specific recognition by myeloid phagocytes expressing monoclonal antibodies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg1812. [PMID: 37656789 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
This report demonstrates a novel class of innate immune cells designated "variable immunoreceptor-expressing myeloids" (VIREMs). Using single-cell transcriptomics and genome-wide epigenetic profiling, we establish that VIREMs are myeloid cells unrelated to lymphocytes. We visualize the phenotype of B-VIREMs that are capable of genetically recombining and expressing antibody genes, the exclusive hallmark function of B lymphocytes. These cells, designated B-VIREMs, display monoclonal antibody cell surface signatures and regularly circulate in the blood of healthy individuals. Single-cell data reveal clonal expansion of circulating B-VIREMs as a dynamic response to disease stimuli. Live-cell imaging models suggest that B-VIREMs load their own Fc receptors with endogenous antibodies during vesicle transport to the cell surface. A first cloned B-VIREM-derived antibody (Vab1) specifically binds stomatin, a ubiquitous scaffold protein that is strictly expressed intracellularly, allowing Vab1-bearing macrophages to phagocytose cell debris without requiring prior opsonization. Our results suggest important antigen-specific tissue maintenance functionalities in these innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Neumaier
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sophie Giesler
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Medicine I - Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Volker Ast
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Next Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mathis Roemer
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo-Daniel Voß
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eileen Reinz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Victor Costina
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elina Nürnberg
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Nittka
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Aino-Maija Leppä
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)-Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruediger Rudolf
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)-Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tina Fuchs
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Next Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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10
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Zhao M, Xie Y, Gao W, Li C, Ye Q, Li Y. Diabetes mellitus promotes susceptibility to periodontitis-novel insight into the molecular mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1192625. [PMID: 37664859 PMCID: PMC10469003 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1192625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a main risk factor for periodontitis, but until now, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Diabetes can increase the pathogenicity of the periodontal microbiota and the inflammatory/host immune response of the periodontium. Hyperglycemia induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhances oxidative stress (OS), exacerbating periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, the alveolar bone resorption damage and the epigenetic changes in periodontal tissue induced by diabetes may also contribute to periodontitis. We will review the latest clinical data on the evidence of diabetes promoting the susceptibility of periodontitis from epidemiological, molecular mechanistic, and potential therapeutic targets and discuss the possible molecular mechanistic targets, focusing in particular on novel data on inflammatory/host immune response and OS. Understanding the intertwined pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis can explain the cross-interference between endocrine metabolic and inflammatory diseases better, provide a theoretical basis for new systemic holistic treatment, and promote interprofessional collaboration between endocrine physicians and dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcan Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuandong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenjia Gao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunwang Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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11
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Gregory GE, Munro KJ, Couper KN, Pathmanaban ON, Brough D. The NLRP3 inflammasome as a target for sensorineural hearing loss. Clin Immunol 2023; 249:109287. [PMID: 36907540 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common type of hearing loss in adults and occurs due to damage of the inner ear caused by a range of factors including ageing, excessive noise, toxins, and cancer. Auto-inflammatory disease is also a cause of hearing loss and there is evidence that inflammation could contribute to hearing loss in other conditions. Within the inner ear there are resident macrophage cells that respond to insults and whose activation correlates with damage. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-molecular pro-inflammatory protein complex that forms in activated macrophages and may contribute to hearing loss. The aim of this article is to discuss the evidence for the NLRP3 inflammasome and associated cytokines as potential therapeutic targets for sensorineural hearing loss in conditions ranging from auto-inflammatory disease to tumour-induced hearing loss in vestibular schwannoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Gregory
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kevin J Munro
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kevin N Couper
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Omar N Pathmanaban
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Neurosurgery, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.
| | - David Brough
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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12
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Byatt TC, Martin P. Parallel repair mechanisms in plants and animals. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:286774. [PMID: 36706000 PMCID: PMC9903144 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
All organisms have acquired mechanisms for repairing themselves after accidents or lucky escape from predators, but how analogous are these mechanisms across phyla? Plants and animals are distant relatives in the tree of life, but both need to be able to efficiently repair themselves, or they will perish. Both have an outer epidermal barrier layer and a circulatory system that they must protect from infection. However, plant cells are immotile with rigid cell walls, so they cannot raise an animal-like immune response or move away from the insult, as animals can. Here, we discuss the parallel strategies and signalling pathways used by plants and animals to heal their tissues, as well as key differences. A more comprehensive understanding of these parallels and differences could highlight potential avenues to enhance healing of patients' wounds in the clinic and, in a reciprocal way, for developing novel alternatives to agricultural pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C. Byatt
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK,Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK,Authors for correspondence (; )
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13
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Zong W, Shao X, Li J, Chai Y, Hu X, Zhang X. Synthetic Intracellular Environments: From Basic Science to Applications. Anal Chem 2023; 95:535-549. [PMID: 36625127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Qiqihar161006, China
| | - Xiaotong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Qiqihar161006, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Qiqihar161006, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Synthesis for Fine Chemicals, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar161006, China
| | - Yunhe Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Qiqihar161006, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices (Wenzhou), College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou325035, China
| | - Xunan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42 Wenhua Street, Qiqihar161006, China
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14
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Chen Z, Wang L, Guo C, Qiu M, Cheng L, Chen K, Qi J, Deng L, He C, Li X, Yan Y. Vascularized polypeptide hydrogel modulates macrophage polarization for wound healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:218-234. [PMID: 36396041 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wound repair involves a sophisticated process that includes angiogenesis, immunoregulation and collagen deposition. However, weak revascularization performance and the lack of biochemical cues to trigger immunomodulatory function currently limit biomaterial applications for skin regeneration and tissue engineering. Herein, we fabricate a new bioactive polypeptide hydrogel (QK-SF) constituted by silk fibroin (SF) and a vascular endothelial growth factor mimetic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI (QK) for tissue regeneration by simultaneously promoting vascularization and macrophage polarization. Our results showed that this QK-SF hydrogel can be prepared via an easy manufacturing process, and exhibited good gel stability and low cytotoxicity to cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via both live/dead and cell counting kit-8 assays. Importantly, this QK-SF hydrogel triggered macrophage polarization from M1 into M2, as exemplified by the enhanced expression of the M2 marker and decreased expression of the M1 marker in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the QK-SF hydrogel showed high capacity for inducing endothelial growth, migration and angiogenesis, which were proved by increased expression of angiogenesis-related genes in HUVECs. Consistent with in vitro findings, in vivo data show that the QK-SF hydrogel promoted M2 polarization, keratinocyte differentiation, and collagen deposition in the mouse skin wound model in immunohistochemistry assay. Furthermore, this QK-SF hydrogel can reduce inflammation, induce angiogenesis and promote wound healing as exemplified by the increased vessel formation and decreased wound area in the mouse skin wound model. Altogether, these results indicate that the bioactive QK-SF hydrogel plays dual functional roles in promoting angiogenesis and immunoregulation for tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The QK-SF hydrogel plays dual functional roles in promoting angiogenesis and immunoregulation for tissue repair and wound healing. The QK-SF hydrogel can be prepared via an easy manufacturing process, and exhibited good gel stability and low cytotoxicity to cultured HUVECs. The QK-SF hydrogel triggered macrophage polarization from M1 into M2. The QK-SF hydrogel showed high capacity for inducing endothelial growth, migration and angiogenesis. The QK-SF hydrogel promoted M2 polarization, keratinocyte differentiation, and collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Lianlian Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Changjun Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Minglong Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Kaizhe Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
| | - Xinming Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Yufei Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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15
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Schiweck C, Edwin Thanarajah S, Aichholzer M, Matura S, Reif A, Vrieze E, Weigert A, Visekruna A. Regulation of CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Biology by Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Its Relevance for Autoimmune Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8272. [PMID: 35955407 PMCID: PMC9368239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota encodes a broad range of enzymes capable of synthetizing various metabolites, some of which are still uncharacterized. One well-known class of microbiota-derived metabolites are the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate. SCFAs have long been considered a mere waste product of bacterial metabolism. Novel results have challenged this long-held dogma, revealing a central role for microbe-derived SCFAs in gut microbiota-host interaction. SCFAs are bacterial signaling molecules that act directly on host T lymphocytes by reprogramming their metabolic activity and epigenetic status. They have an essential biological role in promoting differentiation of (intestinal) regulatory T cells and in production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). These small molecules can also reach the circulation and modulate immune cell function in remote tissues. In experimental models of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis or diabetes, a strong therapeutic potential of SCFAs through the modulation of effector T cell function was observed. In this review, we discuss current research activities toward understanding a relevance of microbial SCFA for treating autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies from in vitro to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Schiweck
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Mareike Aichholzer
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Silke Matura
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Elske Vrieze
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
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16
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Abstract
Chronic wounds are characterized by their inability to heal within an expected time frame and have emerged as an increasingly important clinical problem over the past several decades, owing to their increasing incidence and greater recognition of associated morbidity and socio-economic burden. Even up to a few years ago, the management of chronic wounds relied on standards of care that were outdated. However, the approach to these chronic conditions has improved, with better prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Such improvements are due to major advances in understanding of cellular and molecular aspects of basic science, in innovative and technological breakthroughs in treatment modalities from biomedical engineering, and in our ability to conduct well-controlled and reliable clinical research. The evidence-based approaches resulting from these advances have become the new standard of care. At the same time, these improvements are tempered by the recognition that persistent gaps exist in scientific knowledge of impaired healing and the ability of clinicians to reduce morbidity, loss of limb and mortality. Therefore, taking stock of what is known and what is needed to improve understanding of chronic wounds and their associated failure to heal is crucial to ensuring better treatments and outcomes.
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17
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Huston P. A Sedentary and Unhealthy Lifestyle Fuels Chronic Disease Progression by Changing Interstitial Cell Behaviour: A Network Analysis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:904107. [PMID: 35874511 PMCID: PMC9304814 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.904107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, chronic lung disease and Alzheimer’s disease, account for a large proportion of health care spending, yet they remain in the top causes of premature mortality and are preventable. It is currently accepted that an unhealthy lifestyle fosters a state of chronic low-grade inflammation that is linked to chronic disease progression. Although this is known to be related to inflammatory cytokines, how an unhealthy lifestyle causes cytokine release and how that in turn leads to chronic disease progression are not well known. This article presents a theory that an unhealthy lifestyle fosters chronic disease by changing interstitial cell behavior and is supported by a six-level hierarchical network analysis. The top three networks include the macroenvironment, social and cultural factors, and lifestyle itself. The fourth network includes the immune, autonomic and neuroendocrine systems and how they interact with lifestyle factors and with each other. The fifth network identifies the effects these systems have on the microenvironment and two types of interstitial cells: macrophages and fibroblasts. Depending on their behaviour, these cells can either help maintain and restore normal function or foster chronic disease progression. When macrophages and fibroblasts dysregulate, it leads to chronic low-grade inflammation, fibrosis, and eventually damage to parenchymal (organ-specific) cells. The sixth network considers how macrophages change phenotype. Thus, a pathway is identified through this hierarchical network to reveal how external factors and lifestyle affect interstitial cell behaviour. This theory can be tested and it needs to be tested because, if correct, it has profound implications. Not only does this theory explain how chronic low-grade inflammation causes chronic disease progression, it also provides insight into salutogenesis, or the process by which health is maintained and restored. Understanding low-grade inflammation as a stalled healing process offers a new strategy for chronic disease management. Rather than treating each chronic disease separately by a focus on parenchymal pathology, a salutogenic strategy of optimizing interstitial health could prevent and mitigate multiple chronic diseases simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Huston
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institut du Savoir Montfort (Research), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Patricia Huston, , orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-1176
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18
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Aloe vera gel attenuates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in adult male Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:640-646. [PMID: 35399219 PMCID: PMC8990044 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a disease of undetermined etiology and treatment. It affects the colon and rectum and typically involves the mucosa, manifesting as continuous areas of inflammation and ulceration. Aloe gel contains more than a hundred potentially active constituents of different classes. This study investigated the effect of aloe gel on experimentally-induced ulcerative colitis. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into groups A to F of six rats each. Ulcerative colitis was induced to rats in groups B to F by single intra-colonic administration of 2 mL of 4% acetic acid with a size 6F pediatrics catheter. In contrast, group A received an equivalent volume of normal saline by the same route. Twenty-four hours after induction, rats in groups B and C received normal saline and 1 mg/kg b. wt. daily dose of dexamethasone, respectively. In contrast, those in groups D, E, and F received 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg b. wt. doses of aloe gel, respectively, for 14 days. They were sacrificed 24 h after the last administration. We assessed disease progression by determining the clinical activity index, gross inflammation, histological alterations, the intensity of DNA in colon cells, and tissue level of nitric oxide. All the parameters but one increased significantly in group B rats. The quantitative distribution of DNA in colon cells reduced significantly in this group. Aloe gel doses significantly reversed these changes in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone showed lesser efficacy relative to 60 mg dose of the Aloe gel extract. We conclude that Aloe vera gel has therapeutic potential in the treatment and management of ulcerative colitis. The most significant effects were observed in the groups treated with the highest dose of Aloe gel (60 mg/kg b. wt.). It is also worth noting that the remediated potential of aloe gel in acetic acid-induced UC surpasses that of dexamethasone.
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19
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Jiang Y, Xu X, Xiao L, Wang L, Qiang S. The Role of microRNA in the Inflammatory Response of Wound Healing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852419. [PMID: 35386721 PMCID: PMC8977525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing, a highly complex pathophysiological response to injury, includes four overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response are the primary requirements for wound healing, and are also key events that determines wound quality and healing time. Currently, the number of patients with persistent chronic wounds has generally increased, which imposes health and economic burden on patients and society. Recent studies have found that microRNA(miRNA) plays an essential role in the inflammation involved in wound healing and may provide a new therapeutic direction for wound treatment. Therefore, this review focused on the role and significance of miRNA in the inflammation phase of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
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20
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Robertson TF, Huttenlocher A. Real-time imaging of inflammation and its resolution: It's apparent because it's transparent. Immunol Rev 2022; 306:258-270. [PMID: 35023170 PMCID: PMC8855992 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to directly observe leukocyte behavior in vivo has dramatically expanded our understanding of the immune system. Zebrafish are particularly amenable to the high-resolution imaging of leukocytes during both homeostasis and inflammation. Due to its natural transparency, intravital imaging in zebrafish does not require any surgical manipulation. As a result, zebrafish are particularly well-suited for the long-term imaging required to observe the temporal and spatial events during the onset and resolution of inflammation. Here, we review major insights about neutrophil and macrophage function gained from real-time imaging of zebrafish. We discuss neutrophil reverse migration, the process whereby neutrophils leave sites of tissue damage and resolve local inflammation. Further, we discuss the current tools available for investigating immune function in zebrafish and how future studies that simultaneously image multiple leukocyte subsets can be used to further dissect mechanisms that regulate both the onset and resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner F. Robertson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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21
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Sensing microbial infections in the Drosophila melanogaster genetic model organism. Immunogenetics 2022; 74:35-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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She X, Gao X, Wang K, Yang H, Ma K, Cui B, Xi Z. Effects of noise and low-concentration carbon monoxide exposure on rat immunity. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12235. [PMID: 34089209 PMCID: PMC8178495 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the immunotoxicity and effects of noise and/or low-concentration carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on immune organs and immune functions in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats exposed to 98 dB(A) white noise and/or 100 ppm CO 4 h/d for 30 d were used to determine the pathological changes in the thymus and spleen, and variations in leukocyte counts, inflammatory factors, and immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations. RESULTS The boundaries of the cortex and medulla of the thymus were unclear following noise and combined exposure. The pathological changes in spleen after CO and combined exposure included blurred boundaries of red-pulp and white-pulp, disappearance of normal splenic nodules and neutrophil infiltration. After exposure to noise and in combination, leukocyte and lymphocyte counts decreased significantly. After exposure to low-concentration CO and in combination, serum IgM and IgG levels decreased significantly, but the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels increased significantly. Eosinophils and IgA levels decreased significantly following exposure to noise and/or low concentration of CO, while the level of interleukin-1 increased significantly. Monocytes increased significantly only under noise or CO exposure, but not under combined exposure. CONCLUSIONS Noise and/or low-concentration CO exposure may suppress innate and adaptive immune functions and induce inflammatory responses. Noise exposure mainly affected the innate immune function of rats, whereas low-concentration CO exposure mainly affected adaptive immune functions. Combined exposure presented higher immunotoxicity than noise or CO alone, suggesting that exposure to noise and low-concentration CO in the living and working environments can affect the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun She
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiujie Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Honglian Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kefeng Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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23
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Martin P, Gurevich DB. Macrophage regulation of angiogenesis in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 119:101-110. [PMID: 34330619 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are primarily known as phagocytic innate immune cells, but are, in fact, highly dynamic multi-taskers that interact with many different tissue types and have regulatory roles in development, homeostasis, tissue repair, and disease. In all of these scenarios angiogenesis is pivotal and macrophages appear to play a key role in guiding both blood vessel sprouting and remodelling wherever that occurs. Recent studies have explored these processes in a diverse range of models utilising the complementary strengths of rodent, fish and tissue culture studies to unravel the mechanisms underlying these interactions and regulatory functions. Here we discuss how macrophages regulate angiogenesis and its resolution as embryonic tissues grow, as well as their parallel and different functions in repairing wounds and in pathologies, with a focus on chronic wounds and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - David Baruch Gurevich
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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24
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Barrantes FJ. The unfolding palette of COVID-19 multisystemic syndrome and its neurological manifestations. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 14:100251. [PMID: 33842898 PMCID: PMC8019247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although our current knowledge of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is still fragmentary, the information so far accrued on the tropism and life cycle of its etiological agent SARS-CoV-2, together with the emerging clinical data, suffice to indicate that the severe acute pulmonary syndrome is the main, but not the only manifestation of COVID-19. Necropsy studies are increasingly revealing underlying endothelial vasculopathies in the form of micro-haemorrhages and micro-thrombi. Intertwined with defective antiviral responses, dysregulated coagulation mechanisms, abnormal hyper-inflammatory reactions and responses, COVID-19 is disclosing a wide pathophysiological palette. An additional property in categorising the disease is the combination of tissue (e.g. neuro- and vasculo-tropism) with organ tropism, whereby the virus preferentially attacks certain organs with highly developed capillary beds, such as the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and brain. These multiple clinical presentations confirm that the acute respiratory syndrome as described initially is increasingly unfolding as a more complex nosological entity, a multiorgan syndrome of systemic breadth. The neurological manifestations of COVID-19, the focus of this review, reflect this manifold nature of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Barrantes
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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25
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Bradley LJ, Ward A, Hsue MCY, Liu J, Copland DA, Dick AD, Nicholson LB. Quantitative Assessment of Experimental Ocular Inflammatory Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630022. [PMID: 34220797 PMCID: PMC8250853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular inflammation imposes a high medical burden on patients and substantial costs on the health-care systems that mange these often chronic and debilitating diseases. Many clinical phenotypes are recognized and classifying the severity of inflammation in an eye with uveitis is an ongoing challenge. With the widespread application of optical coherence tomography in the clinic has come the impetus for more robust methods to compare disease between different patients and different treatment centers. Models can recapitulate many of the features seen in the clinic, but until recently the quality of imaging available has lagged that applied in humans. In the model experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), we highlight three linked clinical states that produce retinal vulnerability to inflammation, all different from healthy tissue, but distinct from each other. Deploying longitudinal, multimodal imaging approaches can be coupled to analysis in the tissue of changes in architecture, cell content and function. This can enrich our understanding of pathology, increase the sensitivity with which the impacts of therapeutic interventions are assessed and address questions of tissue regeneration and repair. Modern image processing, including the application of artificial intelligence, in the context of such models of disease can lay a foundation for new approaches to monitoring tissue health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia J Bradley
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Ward
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Madeleine C Y Hsue
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Liu
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David A Copland
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Dick
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,University College London, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsay B Nicholson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Buja LM. The cell theory and cellular pathology: Discovery, refinements and applications fundamental to advances in biology and medicine. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 121:104660. [PMID: 34116021 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review explores the developments leading up to the establishment of the cell theory and cellular pathology and their subsequent refinements and applications while focusing on the individuals who have made seminal advances in the field. The links between cell biology, cell pathology and cell injury research are emphasized. Recognition also is given to the importance of technological advances in microscopy, histology, biochemical and molecular methods for discovery in cell biology and cell pathology. Particular attention is focused on the work of Rudolph Virchow and his former students in the formulation of the cell theory in biology and pathology and John F. R. Kerr and colleagues who identified and developed a comprehensive characterization of apoptosis, thereby giving impetus to the contemporary field of cell injury research. Cell injury research remains an important and fruitful field of ongoing inquiry and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maximilian Buja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
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27
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Montaño-Rendón F, Grinstein S, Walpole GFW. Monitoring Phosphoinositide Fluxes and Effectors During Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:626136. [PMID: 33614656 PMCID: PMC7890364 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic re-organization of cellular membranes in response to extracellular stimuli is fundamental to the cell physiology of myeloid and lymphoid cells of the immune system. In addition to maintaining cellular homeostatic functions, remodeling of the plasmalemma and endomembranes endow leukocytes with the potential to relay extracellular signals across their biological membranes to promote rolling adhesion and diapedesis, migration into the tissue parenchyma, and to ingest foreign particles and effete cells. Phosphoinositides, signaling lipids that control the interface of biological membranes with the external environment, are pivotal to this wealth of functions. Here, we highlight the complex metabolic transitions that occur to phosphoinositides during several stages of the leukocyte lifecycle, namely diapedesis, migration, and phagocytosis. We describe classical and recently developed tools that have aided our understanding of these complex lipids. Finally, major downstream effectors of inositides are highlighted including the cytoskeleton, emphasizing the importance of these rare lipids in immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Montaño-Rendón
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Glenn F W Walpole
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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28
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Surai PF, Kochish II, Kidd MT. Redox Homeostasis in Poultry: Regulatory Roles of NF-κB. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:186. [PMID: 33525511 PMCID: PMC7912633 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox biology is a very quickly developing area of modern biological sciences, and roles of redox homeostasis in health and disease have recently received tremendous attention. There are a range of redox pairs in the cells/tissues responsible for redox homeostasis maintenance/regulation. In general, all redox elements are interconnected and regulated by various means, including antioxidant and vitagene networks. The redox status is responsible for maintenance of cell signaling and cell stress adaptation. Physiological roles of redox homeostasis maintenance in avian species, including poultry, have received limited attention and are poorly characterized. However, for the last 5 years, this topic attracted much attention, and a range of publications covered some related aspects. In fact, transcription factor Nrf2 was shown to be a master regulator of antioxidant defenses via activation of various vitagenes and other protective molecules to maintain redox homeostasis in cells/tissues. It was shown that Nrf2 is closely related to another transcription factor, namely, NF-κB, responsible for control of inflammation; however, its roles in poultry have not yet been characterized. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe a current view on NF-κB functioning in poultry with a specific emphasis to its nutritional modulation under various stress conditions. In particular, on the one hand, it has been shown that, in many stress conditions in poultry, NF-κB activation can lead to increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines leading to systemic inflammation. On the other hand, there are a range of nutrients/supplements that can downregulate NF-κB and decrease the negative consequences of stress-related disturbances in redox homeostasis. In general, vitagene-NF-κB interactions in relation to redox balance homeostasis, immunity, and gut health in poultry production await further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Surai
- Department of Biochemistry, Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Poultry Sciences, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Skryabin, 109472 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Saint-Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istvan University, H-2103 Gödöllo, Hungary
| | - Ivan I. Kochish
- Department of Hygiene and Poultry Sciences, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K. I. Skryabin, 109472 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Michael T. Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
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29
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Seoane PI, Lee B, Hoyle C, Yu S, Lopez-Castejon G, Lowe M, Brough D. The NLRP3-inflammasome as a sensor of organelle dysfunction. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:191204. [PMID: 33044555 PMCID: PMC7543090 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202006194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse pathogen- and damage-associated stresses drive inflammation via activation of the multimolecular NLRP3-inflammasome complex. How the effects of diverse stimuli are integrated by the cell to regulate NLRP3 has been the subject of intense research, and yet an accepted unifying hypothesis for the control of NLRP3 remains elusive. Here, we review the literature on the effects of NLRP3-activating stimuli on subcellular organelles and conclude that a shared feature of NLRP3-activating stresses is an organelle dysfunction. In particular, we propose that the endosome may be more important than previously recognized as a signal-integrating hub for NLRP3 activation in response to many stimuli and may also link to the dysfunction of other organelles. In addition, NLRP3-inflammasome-activating stimuli trigger diverse posttranslational modifications of NLRP3 that are important in controlling its activation. Future research should focus on how organelles respond to specific NLRP3-activating stimuli, and how this relates to posttranslational modifications, to delineate the organellar control of NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula I. Seoane
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bali Lee
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Hoyle
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Shi Yu
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gloria Lopez-Castejon
- Division of Infection, Immunity, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Brough
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Correspondence to David Brough:
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