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Tsukada E, Rodrigues CC, Jacintho JC, Franco-Belussi L, Jones-Costa M, Abdalla FC, Rocha TL, Salla RF. The amphibian's spleen as a source of biomarkers for ecotoxicity assessment: Historical review and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165915. [PMID: 37532037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians are very sensitive to many environmental changes, so these animals are considered good bioindicator models for ecotoxicology. Given the importance of the amphibian spleen for hematopoietic and immune responses, this can be a key organ for the evaluation of biomarkers to monitor the health of individuals in nature or in captivity. In this systematic review, we searched databases and summarized the main findings concerning the amphibian spleen as a source of possible biomarkers applied in different scientific fields. The searches resulted in 83 articles published from 1923 to 2022, which applied the use of splenic samples to evaluate the effects of distinct stressors on amphibians. Articles were distributed in more than twenty countries, with USA, Europe, and Brazil, standing out among them. Publications focused mainly on anatomical and histomorphological characterization of the spleen, its physiology, and development. Recently, the use of splenic biomarkers in pathology and ecotoxicology began to grow but many gaps still need to be addressed in herpetological research. About 85 % of the splenic biomarkers showed responses to various stressors, which indicates that the spleen can provide numerous biomarkers to be used in many study fields. The limited amount of information on morphological description and splenic anatomy in amphibians may be a contributing factor to the underestimated use of splenic biomarkers in herpetological research around the world. We hope that this unprecedented review can instigate researchers to refine herpetological experimentation, using the spleen as a versatile and alternative source for biomarkers in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Tsukada
- Post-graduation Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline C Jacintho
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Departament of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Pathology (LAPex), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Monica Jones-Costa
- Department of Biology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Camargo Abdalla
- Post-graduation Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Salla
- Post-graduation Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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2
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Ontogenetic changes in the body structure of the Arctic fish Leptoclinus maculatus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3688. [PMID: 36879005 PMCID: PMC9988964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histological studies of the ontogenetic changes in Arctic marine fishes are often fragmented and incomplete. Here we present a comprehensive histological ontogenetic analysis of the daubed shanny (Leptoclinus maculatus) from the Arctic, characterizing its development as it undergoes a series of changes in the organ and tissue organization, especially during the postlarvae transition from the pelagic to benthic lifestyle. The thyroid, heart, digestive tract, liver, gonads, blood, and the lipid sac of the postlarvae at different developmental stages (L1-L5) were studied for the first time. We found that L. maculatus has structural characteristics of marine fish developing in cold, high-oxygen polar waters. We conclude that the presence of the lipid sac and the absence of distinguishable red blood cells in pelagic postlarvae are unique features of the daubed shanny most likely linked to its successful growth and development in the Arctic environment.
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3
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Cell landscape of larval and adult Xenopus laevis at single-cell resolution. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4306. [PMID: 35879314 PMCID: PMC9314398 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing technology offers a good opportunity to dissect cell heterogeneity of animals. A large number of organism-wide single-cell atlases have been constructed for vertebrates such as Homo sapiens, Macaca fascicularis, Mus musculus and Danio rerio. However, an intermediate taxon that links mammals to vertebrates of more ancient origin is still lacking. Here, we construct the first Xenopus cell landscape to date, including larval and adult organs. Common cell lineage-specific transcription factors have been identified in vertebrates, including fish, amphibians and mammals. The comparison of larval and adult erythrocytes identifies stage-specific hemoglobin subtypes, as well as a common type of cluster containing both larval and adult hemoglobin, mainly at NF59. In addition, cell lineages originating from all three layers exhibits both antigen processing and presentation during metamorphosis, indicating a common regulatory mechanism during metamorphosis. Overall, our study provides a large-scale resource for research on Xenopus metamorphosis and adult organs.
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Morita S, Moriishi T, Matsunaga S, Kitamura K, Abe SI, Yamaguchi A. Characteristic Distribution of Hematopoietic Cells in Bone Marrow of Xenopus Laevis. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2021; 62:171-180. [PMID: 34393144 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2020-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow is the principal site of hematopoiesis in mammals. Amphibians were the first phylogenetic group in vertebrates to acquire bone marrow, but the distribution of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow of the primitive frog, Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to perform a histological investigation of the distribution of hematopoietic cells in femoral bone marrow at various stages of development in X. laevis. Hematopoietic cells showed preferential distribution on the endosteal surface of cortical bone throughout all stages of development, from tadpole to aged frog. In mature frogs, hematopoietic cells appeared at the boundary between the epiphysis and the bone marrow. The distribution of hematopoietic cells around the blood vessels was limited to a small number of vessels in the bone marrow. Abundant adipose tissue was observed in the bone marrow cavity from the tadpole stage to the mature frog stage. Hematopoietic cells showed preferential distribution in a belt-like fashion on the surface of newly-formed bones in a bone regeneration model in the diaphysis of X. laevis. These results indicate that the distribution of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow in X. laevis differs from that in mammals, and that the bone marrow of X. laevis constitutes a useful model for exploring the mechanism underlying the phylogenetic differentiation of bone marrow hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeshi Moriishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Satoru Matsunaga
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College.,Tokyo Dental College Research Branding Project, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Kei Kitamura
- Tokyo Dental College Research Branding Project, Tokyo Dental College.,Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Shin-Ichi Abe
- Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Dental College.,Tokyo Dental College Research Branding Project, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Tokyo Dental College Research Branding Project, Tokyo Dental College.,Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College
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5
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Oliveira CR, Garcia TD, Franco-Belussi L, Salla RF, Souza BFS, de Melo NFS, Irazusta SP, Jones-Costa M, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Fraceto LF. Pyrethrum extract encapsulated in nanoparticles: Toxicity studies based on genotoxic and hematological effects in bullfrog tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:1009-1020. [PMID: 31434178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The environment receives about 2.7 kg.ha-1 annually of pesticides, used in crop production. Pesticides may have a negative impact on environmental biodiversity and potentially induce physiological effects on non-target species. Advances in technology and nanocarrier systems for agrochemicals led to new alternatives to minimize these impacts, such as nanopesticides, considered more efficient, safe and sustainable. However, it is important to evaluate the risk potential, action and toxicity of nanopesticides in aquatic and terrestrial organisms. This study aims to evaluate genotoxic and hematological biomarkers in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) submitted to acute exposure (48 h) to pyrethrum extract (PYR) and solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with PYR. Results showed increased number of leukocytes during acute exposure, specifically eosinophils in nanoparticle-exposed groups, and basophil in PYR-exposed group. Hematological analysis showed that PYR encapsulated in nanoparticles significantly increased the erythrocyte number compared to the other exposed groups. Data from the comet assay indicated an increase in frequency of the classes that correspond to more severe DNA damages in exposed groups, being that the PYR-exposed group showed a high frequency of class-4 DNA damage. Moreover, erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities were triggered by short-time exposure in all treatments, which showed effects significantly higher than the control group. These results showed genotoxic responses in tadpoles, which could trigger cell death pathways. Concluding, these analyses are important for applications in assessment of contaminated aquatic environments and their biomonitoring, which will evaluate the potential toxicity of xenobiotics, for example, the nanoparticles and pyrethrum extract in frog species. However, further studies are needed to better understand the effects of nanopesticides and botanical insecticides on non-target organisms, in order to contribute to regulatory aspects of future uses for these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Ambiental, Av. Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, 18087-180, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - T D Garcia
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L Franco-Belussi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Avenida Costa e Silva, s/n, Bairro Universitário, 79002-970, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - R F Salla
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, R. Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - B F S Souza
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - N F S de Melo
- Faculdade de Medicina São Leopoldo Mandic, Campus Araras, Av. Dona Renata, 71, Santa Cândida, 13600-001, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - S P Irazusta
- Faculdade de Tecnologia de Sorocaba (FATEC), Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza, Campus Sorocaba, Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Av. Eng. Carlos R. Mendes, 2015, Além Ponte, 18013-280, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M Jones-Costa
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - E C M Silva-Zacarin
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L F Fraceto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Ambiental, Av. Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, 18087-180, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
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6
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Akulenko NM. Pecular Features of Hematopoiesis in the Liver of Mature and Immature Green Frogs (Pelophylax Esculentus Complex). VESTNIK ZOOLOGII 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/vzoo-2016-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The article describes characteristic features of the hematopoiesis in mature and immature green frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex). Quantitative differences in liver myelograms were insignificant. However, in a sample of mature animals numerous significant correlations between the number of pigment inclusions in the liver and indicators of erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis were observed. Those correlations were absent in the immature frogs. We concluded that aft er the frogs’ breeding a lack of plastic resources, in particular, hemosiderin remains up to the hibernation.
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7
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Das M, Mahapatra PK. Blood cell profiles of the tadpoles of the Dubois's tree frog, Polypedates teraiensis Dubois, 1986 (Anura: Rhacophoridae). ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:701746. [PMID: 22649312 PMCID: PMC3354659 DOI: 10.1100/2012/701746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The present paper describes a sequential study of the leukocyte profiles and the changes in morphometry and morphology of erythrocytes in the tadpoles of Polypedates teraiensis during their development and metamorphosis, that is, transfer from an aquatic mode to a terrestrial mode of life. Blood smears of 21 different stages (Gosner stage 26 to 46) of tadpoles were investigated. Population of erythrocytes was heterogeneous in population represented by various forms (oval, elliptical or rounded cells, comma shaped, teardrop shaped, schistocytes, senile erythrocytes, crenulated RBCs). Correlation between various morphometric values of erythrocytes was determined with different developing stages of tadpoles. Amongst the leucocytes, the lymphocytes were the most abundant cells followed by neutrophils. Neutrophils and monocytes showed varied morphologic forms. The percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils showed a negative whereas percentage of eosinophil, basophil, and monocytes showed a positive correlation with the developmental stages of tadpoles. Blood platelets were also observed, which were rounded in shape and found in aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Das
- Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, PG Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751 004, Odisha, India
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8
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Gene switching at Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. Dev Biol 2009; 338:117-26. [PMID: 19896938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
During the climax of amphibian metamorphosis many tadpole organs remodel. The different remodeling strategies are controlled by thyroid hormone (TH). The liver, skin, and tail fibroblasts shut off tadpole genes and activate frog genes in the same cell without DNA replication. We refer to this as "gene switching". In contrast, the exocrine pancreas and the intestinal epithelium dedifferentiate to a progenitor state and then redifferentiate to the adult cell type. Tadpole and adult globin are not present in the same cell. Switching from red cells containing tadpole-specific globin to those with frog globin in the liver occurs at a progenitor cell stage of development and is preceded by DNA replication. Red cell switching is the only one of these remodeling strategies that resembles a stem cell mechanism.
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9
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Localization of hematopoietic cells in the bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus). Cell Tissue Res 2009; 337:301-12. [PMID: 19449034 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-009-0803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Amphibians represent the first phylogenetic group to possess hematopoietic bone marrow. However, adult amphibian hematopoiesis has only been described in a few species and with conflicting data. Bone marrow, kidney, spleen, liver, gut, stomach, lung, tegument, and heart were therefore collected from adult Lithobates catesbeianus and investigated by light microscopy and immunohistochemical methods under confocal laser microscopy. Our study demonstrated active hematopoiesis in the bone marrow of vertebrae, femur, and fingers and in the kidney, but no hematopoietic activity inside other organs including the spleen and liver. Blood cells were identified as a heterogeneous cell population constituted by heterophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, erythrocytic cells, lymphocytes, and their precursors. Cellular islets of the thrombocytic lineage occurred near sinusoids of the bone marrow. Antibodies against CD34, CD117, stem cell antigen, erythropoietin receptor, and the receptor for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor identified some cell populations, and some circulating immature cells were seen in the bloodstream. Thus, on the basis of these phylogenetic features, we propose that L. catesbeianus can be used as an important model for hematopoietic studies, since this anuran exhibits hematopoiesis characteristics both of lower vertebrates (renal hematopoiesis) and of higher vertebrates (bone marrow hematopoiesis).
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10
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Davis AK. Metamorphosis-related changes in leukocyte profiles of larval bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-008-0773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Abstract
Amphibians are a diverse class of animals with a unique life cycle. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to the wide variability in normal hematologic parameters. Reference values are scarce, and normal hematology of many species is poorly understood. Challenges include analytic obstacles posed by nucleated red blood cells and thrombocytes and potential difficulty with obtaining blood samples of adequate volume and without lymph contamination. Despite these limitations, it is possible to obtain hematologic data that may be useful in assessing an animal's current health, progression of disease, or response to therapy. In this article, amphibian blood sample collection and handling guidelines, hematologic tests, cell morphology and function, hematopoiesis, interpretation of results, and disorders and diseases are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Allender
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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12
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Amphibian metamorphosis. Dev Biol 2007; 306:20-33. [PMID: 17449026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 03/09/2007] [Accepted: 03/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Ohinata H, Enami T. Contribution of Ventral Blood Island (VBI)-Derived Cells to Postembryonic Liver Erythropoiesis in Xenopus laevis. (erythropoiesis/larval hemoglobin/liver/anemia/Xenopus). Dev Growth Differ 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.1991.00299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Stamatoyannopoulos G, Constantoulakis P, Brice M, Kurachi S, Papayannopoulou T. Coexpression of embryonic, fetal, and adult globins in erythroid cells of human embryos: relevance to the cell-lineage models of globin switching. Dev Biol 1987; 123:191-7. [PMID: 2442050 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(87)90441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cellular control of the switch from embryonic to fetal globin formation in man was investigated with studies of globin expression in erythroid cells of 35- to 56-day-old embryos. Analyses of globins synthesized in vivo and in cultures of erythroid progenitors (burst-forming units, BFUe) showed that cells of the yolk sac (primitive) erythropoiesis, in addition to embryonic chains, produced fetal and adult globins and that cells of the definitive (liver) erythropoiesis, in addition to fetal and adult globins, produce embryonic globins. That embryonic, fetal, and adult globins were coexpressed by cells of the same lineage was documented by analysis of globin chains in single BFUe colonies: all 67 yolk sac-origin BFUe colonies and 42 of 43 liver-origin BFUe colonies synthesized epsilon-, gamma-, and beta-chains. These data showed that during the switch from embryonic to adult globin formation, embryonic and definitive globin chains are coexpressed in the primitive, as well as in the definitive, erythroid cells. Such results are compatible with the postulate that the switch from embryonic to fetal globin synthesis represents a time-dependent change in programs of progenitor cells rather than a change in hemopoietic cell lineages.
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15
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Flavin M, Deparis P. Globin gene expression in erythroid cell lines during larval development of Pleurodeles waltlii. CELL DIFFERENTIATION 1985; 16:203-9. [PMID: 4005956 DOI: 10.1016/0045-6039(85)90517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have attempted to determine whether in Pleurodeles ontogenesis there exists a close relationship between the two following characteristics: change from primitive to definitive erythroid cell populations, which parallels the change of major erythropoietic site; change in the type of synthesized hemoglobin, larval or adult. The origin of red blood cells was investigated by embryonic grafts of hemopoietic anlage from 2n to 4n embryos. The larval or adult hemoglobin type was characterized by immunofluorescence by using specific antibodies. Our results show that in Pleurodeles, blood island-originating red blood cells and spleen-originating red blood cells are both able to synthesize either Hb L or Hb A at a given time, but in separate cells.
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16
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Iuchi I, Yamamoto M. Erythropoiesis in the developing rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri irideus: histochemical and immunochemical detection of erythropoietic organs. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1983; 226:409-17. [PMID: 6886663 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402260311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri irideus, round, disc-like erythrocytes in the embryonic circulation (Ery L) are replaced by small, elliptical, disc-like erythrocytes (Ery ImA) after hatching. In the peripheral blood of alevins, Ery ImAs grow into mature, adult erythrocytes (Ery A) of large elliptical, disc-like shape (Iuchi, '73b; Yamamoto and Iuchi, '75). Ery L and Ery A have larval and adult hemoglobins, respectively (Iuchi, '73a). The ontogenetic sequence of hemoglobin switching and erythrocyte replacement during erythropoiesis was examined by o-dianisidine histochemistry as well as immunohistochemistry using FITC-antibody probe specific to adult hemoglobins. The first phase of embryonic erythropoiesis (for Ery L) occurs in the intraembryonic "intermediate cell mass" as well as the extraembryonic blood islands on the yolk sac. This phase of erythropoiesis is transient, continuing during the 7th to 12th day after fertilization and ceasing by the 15th day (5th day before hatching). There is a mixed population of Ery L, ImA, and A in the peripheral blood of posthatching alevins. Ery ImA and A showed immunofluorescence with FITC anti-Hb A antibody but Ery L did not. Erythroid cells, stainable with FITC anti-Hb A antibody, were observed in the kidney and the spleen 1 day before hatching and thereafter, but not in the liver throughout all stages examined. Therefore, we conclude that new erythropoiesis (erythropoiesis for Ery ImA and Ery A) began in the kidney and the spleen 1 day before hatching. These findings indicate that hemoglobin switching during the ontogeny of rainbow trout is based on erythrocyte replacement, correlated with a shift in the site of erythropoiesis from one organ to another.
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17
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Broyles RH, Johnson GM, Maples PB, Kindell GR. Two erythropietic microenvironments and two larval red cell lines in bullfrog tadpoles. Dev Biol 1981; 81:299-314. [PMID: 6970686 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(81)90293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Richardson C, Cappello J, Cochran MD, Armentrout RW, Brown RD. Partial sequence analysis of Xenopus alpha- and beta-globin mRNA as determined from recombinant DNA plasmids. Dev Biol 1980; 78:161-72. [PMID: 6249685 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(80)90326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Maruyama T, Watt K, Riggs A. Hemoglobins of the tadpole of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Amino acid sequence of the alpha chain of a major component. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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20
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Watt K, Maruyama T, Riggs A. Hemoglobins of the tadpole of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Amino acid sequence of the beta chain of a major component. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Turpen JB, Turpen CJ, Flajnik M. Experimental analysis of hematopoietic cell development in the liver of larval Rana pipiens. Dev Biol 1979; 69:466-79. [PMID: 312224 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(79)90305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Klee H, DiPietro D, Fournier M, Fischer M. Characterization of transfer RNA from liver of the developing amphibian, Rana catesbeiana. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)34364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Carver FJ, Meints RH. Studies of the development of frog hemopoietic tissue in vitro. I. Spleen culture assay of an erythropoietic factor in anemic frog blood. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1977; 201:37-46. [PMID: 301923 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new in vitro technique has been described for demonstrating the presence of an erythropoietic factor in the circulating blood of frogs. The assay system consisted of MC33 medium, erythropoietically active spleen cells from Rana pipiens, and plasma or serum from frogs made anemic via phenylhydrazine or bleeding. The spleen cells, which remain erythropoietically active for up to nine days, were found to incorporate 59Fe, [3H]thymidine, [3H]uridine, and [3H]leucine at a greater rate in the presence of plasma or serum from anemic versus normal frogs. The hormones triiodothyronine, prolactin, and erythropoietin were not effective in eliciting an hemopoietic response. The data presented suggest that the spleen from that adult frog is a major site of erythroid differentiation and maturation.
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Kitchen H. Comparative development hematology: Animal models to study human fetal erythropoiesis. Theriogenology 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(76)90016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nigon V, Godet J. Genetic and morphogenetic factors in hemoglobin synthesis during higher vertebrate development: an approach to cell differentiation mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1976; 46:79-176. [PMID: 791882 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Differentiation of red blood cells occurs in organ cultures of both livers and kidney tissue from tadpoles of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. Our evidence indicates that different red blood cell lines are produced by the two tissues and that these different cell lines contain different tadpole hemoglobins.
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Deutsch MJ, Broyles RH. Effect of phenylhydrazine on the multiple hemoglobins of Rana catesbeiana tadpoles. Dev Biol 1975; 46:227-31. [PMID: 1080472 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(75)90101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Watt KW, Riggs A. Hemoglobins of the tadpole of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Structure and function of isolated components. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Rifkind RA, Cantor LN, Cooper M, Levy J, Maniatis GM, Bank A, Marks PA. Ontogeny of erythropoiesis in the fetal mouse. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1974; 241:113-8. [PMID: 4611303 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb21871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Marks PA, Rifkind RA, Bank A. Control of gene expression during erythroid cell differentiation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1974; 44:221-43. [PMID: 4601261 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3246-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bruns GA, Ingram VM. The erythroid cells and haemoglobins of the chick embryo. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1973; 266:225-305. [PMID: 4147843 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1973.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The changes in the types of erythroid cells produced during embryogenesis of the chick have been correlated with the changes in the types of haemoglobins found in the embryo. Primitive erythroid cells constitute the only red blood cells of 2- to 5-day embryos. The first recognizable immature definitive erythroid cells appear in the embryonic circulation at 5 to 6 days and progressively replace the primitive cells, such that by 14 to 16 days the primitive cells constitute less than 1 % of the circulating erythroid cells. Primitive erythropoiesis is strikingly different from definitive erythropoiesis. At any one time point between 2 and 16 days, all of the isolated primitive cells appear, by morphological criteria, to be at the same stage of maturation, and, although variation in cell size is observed, for an individual maturation stage, the small cells are not more mature than the medium-size cells, nor are the large cells less mature than the medium or small cells. Maturing primitive erythroid cells undergo the progressive changes in cell structure characteristic of erythroid maturation in mammalian erythropoietic systems, but do so as a uniform cell population. Haemoglobin, isolated from primitive erythroid cells of 2- to 5-day embryos, shows two components on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, haemoglobin E and haemoglobin P. The haemoglobin E/P ratio is constant in lysates from 2- to 5-day embryos. A t 6 to 7 days when the first haemoglobinized immature definitive erythroid cells appear in the embryonic circulation, two new haemoglobin components are observed in lysates of erythroid cells. These two new haemoglobin components are electrophoretically and immunologically identical to the two haemoglobin components of adult chickens, haemoglobins A and D. As the definitive erythroid cells replace the primitive erythrocytes in the embryonic circulation, the haemoglobins A and D increase in amount and replace haemoglobin P. Haemoglobin P cannot be detected immunologically in erythroid cell lysates from 16-day embryos which contain less than 1 % primitive cells. In erythroid cell lysates from late embryos, which contained few, if any, primitive erythrocytes, a minor haemoglobin, electrophoretically similar to haemoglobin E on pH 10.3 polyacrylamide gels, is consistently observed. This component differs from haemoglobin E on pH 8.9 polyacrylmide gels, on Sephadex G-100 columns, on polyacrylamide gels of different porosities, and shows a reaction of only partial identity with haemoglobin E by two-dimensional immunodiffusion. This haemoglobin component, haemoglobin H, is detectable electrophoretically in lysates from 12-day embryos and immunologically in lysates from 8-day embryos. Haemoglobin H has not been observed in adult chickens. The switch from the production of primitive to definitive erythroid cells during development of the chick embryo is associated with the initiation of synthesis of three new haemoglobins, the two adult haemoglobins and haemoglobin H. The haemoglobin D /A ratio of adult chicken haemoglobin, determined from the ratio of gel scan peak masses, is 0.30. When haemoglobins D and A first appear in erythroid cell lysates from 6- to 7-day embryos, the haemoglobin D /A ratio is about 0.9. T he D/A ratio of lysates falls to 0.5 by 16 to 18 days, a time when 99 % of the erythroid cells of the embryo are mature definitive erythrocytes. However, the haemoglobin D /A ratio of lysates from late embryos and young chicks of 0.5 to 20 days of age is consistently greater than that of adult chicken haemoglobin. Definitive erythrocytes of chick embryos and young chicks appear to differ from definitive cells of adult chickens in at least two ways: the presence of haemoglobin H and the higher haemoglobin D/A ratio.
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Iuchi I. The post-hatching transition of erythrocytes from larval to adult type in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii irideus. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1973; 184:383-96. [PMID: 4708141 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401840312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Broyles RH, Frieden E. Sites of haemoglobin synthesis in amphibian tadpoles. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1973; 241:207-9. [PMID: 4540694 DOI: 10.1038/newbio241207a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Maniatis GM, Ingram VM. Effect of phenylhydrazine-induced anemia on the appearance of adult hemoglobin in Rana catesbeiana tadpoles. Dev Biol 1972; 27:580-3. [PMID: 4623979 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(72)90195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Erythropoiesis in the fetal mouse provides a model to study several important aspects of the regulation of cell differentiation and differentiated protein synthesis. Changes in the patterns of hemoglobins formed during fetal and postfetal development are shown to be associated with the substitution of the liver erythroid cell line. In the course of differentiation of yolk sac erythroid cells there are at least two classes of proteins distinguishable with respect to dependence on continued RNA formatoin. The bulk of nuclear proteins, "nondifferentiated" proteins, appear to be dependent on relatively short-lived messenger RNA while synthesis of differentiated proteins, the hemoglobins, proceeds on relatively stable molecules of messenger RNA. Hemoglobin formation occurs in those cells which are actively synthesizing DNA and dividing. On the average, two to three cell divisions may occur after the formation and stabilization of the messenger RNA for globin. Yolk sac erythropoiesis, at least from day 10 of gestation, is unresponsive to erythropoietin. By comparison, in fetal liver erythropoiesis, the hormone, erythropoietin, acts selectively on the most immature erythroid cell precursor to induce differentiation, cell replication, and hemoglobin formation. The erythropoietin responsive cell in the liver is apparently differentiated from the progenitor, pluripotential stem cell and committed to erythroblast formation and hemoglobin synthesis on exposure to the hormone. The initial effects of erythropoietin on macromolecular synthesis are to stimulate RNA synthesis, which temporally is followed by cell replication and the increase in hemoglobin formation. During liver erythropoiesis, there appears to be a transition from hemoglobin synthesis dependent on RNA formation to hemoglobin synthesis directed by relatively stable messenger RNA.
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