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Christofoli M, Costa ECC, Peixoto MF, Alves CCF, Costa AC, Fernandes JB, Forim MR, Araújo WL, de Melo Cazal C. Nanoparticles Loaded with Essential Oil from Zanthoxylum riedelianum Engl. Leaves: Characterization and Effects on Bemisia tabaci Middle-East Asia Minor 1. Neotrop Entomol 2022; 51:761-776. [PMID: 35948802 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle-East Asia Minor 1 is a major pest of agricultural production systems. It is controlled by synthetic insecticides. Essential oils are promising eco-friendly alternatives. This study developed and characterized nanoparticles loaded with essential oils of Zanthoxylum riedelianum Engl. (Rutaceae) leaves and evaluated their potential for B. tabaci management. The essential oil exhibited an average yield of 0.02% (w w-1) and showed as major components γ-elemene (24.81%), phytol (18.16%), bicyclogermacrene (16.18%), cis-nerolidol (8.26%), and D-germacrene (6.52%). Characterization of the nanoparticles showed a pH between 4.5 and 6.7, a zeta potential of approximately - 25 mV, particle-size distribution ranging from 450 to 550 nm, and encapsulation efficiency close to 98%. The nanoencapsulation was an efficient process that provided photostability against photodegradation. Bioassays with crude and nanoencapsulated essential oils significantly reduced the number of nymphs and eggs of B. tabaci, with the best results observed at concentrations of 5 and 2% (v v-1). Our results demonstrated that essential oils from Z. riedelianum can be nanoformulated resulting in a stable product while maintaining their biological activity against B. tabaci Middle-East Asia Minor 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Christofoli
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Goiano, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane de Melo Cazal
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais - Campus Barbacena, Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Ahmadi E, Khajehali J, Jonckheere W, Van Leeuwen T. Biochemical and insecticidal effects of plant essential oils on insecticide resistant and susceptible populations of Musca domestica L. point to a potential cross-resistance risk. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2022; 184:105115. [PMID: 35715054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) can provide important alternatives to chemical insecticides in the control of pests. In this study, 12 EOs of native plant species from Iran were evaluated for their adulticidal activity against the house fly. In addition, we examined the insecticidal activity of Zataria multiflora and Rosmarinus officinalis EOs on adult female house flies from pyrethroid and organophosphate resistant and susceptible populations, using both fumigant and topical bioassays. The involvement of detoxification enzymes in susceptibility was investigated with synergism experiments in vivo, while the inhibitory effects of R. officinalis and Zataria multiflora EOs on the activities of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases (P450s), carboxylesterases (CarEs) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) were determined by enzymatic inhibition assays in vitro. The EOs of Z. multiflora, Mentha pulegium, R. officinalis and Thymus vulgaris were the most effective against adults in contact topical assays, while oils extracted from Eucalyptus cinerea, Z. multiflora, Citrus sinensis, R. officinalis, Pinus eldarica and Lavandula angustifolia where the most effective in fumigant assays. Rosmarinus officinalis and Z. multiflora EOs were selected for further investigation and showed higher toxicity against a susceptible population, compared to two insecticide-resistant populations. Correlation analysis suggested cross-resistance between these EOs and pyrethroids in the resistant populations. The toxicity of both EOs on the resistant populations was synergized by three detoxification enzyme inhibitors. Further, in vitro inhibition studies showed that R. officinalis and Z. multiflora EOs more effectively inhibited the activities of the detoxification enzymes from flies of the susceptible population compared to those of the pyrethroid resistant populations. Synergistic and enzymatic assays further revealed that increased activities of P450s, GSTs, and CarEs are possibly involved in the cross-resistance between EOs and pyrethroids. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of P450s, GSTs, and CarEs in the resistance to EOs should be subject to further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Ahmadi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Jahangir Khajehali
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Wim Jonckheere
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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de Castro Oliveira JA, Ferreira LS, Garcia IP, de Lima Santos H, Ferreira GS, Rocha JPM, Nunes SA, de Carvalho AA, Pinto JEBP, Bertolucci SKV. Eugenia uniflora, Melaleuca armillaris, and Schinus molle essential oils to manage larvae of the filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:34749-34758. [PMID: 35043299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) have shown resistance to insecticides of the carbamate and organophosphate classes. The objective of this study was to assess the susceptibility of C. quinquefasciatus larvae to essential oils from leaves of Eugenia uniflora L., Melaleuca armillaris (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm., and Schinus molle L and C. quinquefasciatus larvae's biochemical responses after their exposure to these leaves. The essential oils were chemically analyzed by GC and GC/MS. First, the lethal concentration for 50% (LC50) values was estimated using different concentrations of essential oils and probit analysis. The larvae were exposed for 1 h at the LC50 estimated for each essential oil. The susceptibility of the larvae to essential oils was evaluated using the following biochemical parameters: concentrations of total protein and reduced glutathione; levels of production of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation; and the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The main chemical constituents in E. uniflora were E-β-ocimene, curzerene, germacrene B, and germacrone; in M. armillaris were 1,8-cineole and terpinolene; and in S. molle were sabinene, myrcene, and sylvestrene. The essential oils had LC50 values between 31.52 and 60.08 mg/L, all of which were considered effective. All of them also promoted changes in biochemical parameters when compared to the control treatment. The essential oils of S. molle and E. uniflora inhibited the activity of the AChE enzyme, and the essential oil of M. armillaris increased it. All essential oils had larvicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus, but the essential oil of E. uniflora was the most efficient. Thus, the findings of the present study suggest that the essential oil of E. uniflora can be considered promising for the development of botanical larvicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Assunção de Castro Oliveira
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medicinal Plants, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Lorena Sales Ferreira
- Laboratory of Insects Disease Vectors, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Israel Pereira Garcia
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Sales Ferreira
- Laboratory of Insects Disease Vectors, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 35501-296, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Miranda Rocha
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medicinal Plants, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Stênio Alves Nunes
- Laboratory of Insects Disease Vectors, Federal University of São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alves de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medicinal Plants, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 37200-000, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Brasil Pereira Pinto
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medicinal Plants, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medicinal Plants, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Zip Code 37200-000, Brazil.
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Prophiro JS, da Silva MAN, de Oliveira JG, Variza PF, de Lemos AB, Pilz-Júnior HL, da Silva OS. Change in susceptibility response of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to organophosphate insecticide and Copaifera oleoresin. Acta Trop 2021; 221:106014. [PMID: 34146537 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The growth of resistance in vector mosquitoes to insecticides, especially the organophosphate Temephos can facilitate the transmission of various disease agents worldwide. Consequently, it arises a challenge to public health agencies, which is the urgency use of other possibilities as botanical insecticides. Such insecticides have specific properties against insects due to the plant's ability to synthesize products derived from its secondary metabolism. The diversity and complexity of active compounds of botanical insecticides can help reduce the selection of resistant individuals and consequently not change susceptibility. To corroborate this hypothesis, the aim of this study was to compare two populations of Aedes aegypti treated with Temephos and Copaifera oleoresin. Thus, Ae. aegypti larvae were exposed from (F1) up to tenth generation (F10) with sublethal doses (±LC25) of these products (Copaifera oleoresin: 40 mg/L and Temephos: 0.0030 mg/L). The triplicates and control groups were monitored every 48 hours and the surviving larvae were separated until the emergence of the adults. Each new population were then subjected to a series of concentrations (LC50 and LC95) of Temephos and Copaifera oleoresin to calculate the Resistance Ratio (RR) of each exposed generation. The population of Ae. aegypti exposed to Temephos had an increase in RR from 05 (considered low) to 13 (considered high). Those population exposed to Copaifera oleoresin, had no increasing in RR and continued susceptible to the oil in all generations. There was a significant difference in mortality between the generations exposed to the two products. The results presented here show that the change in the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti population to Temephos was already expected. So, we believe that this work will be of great contribution to research related to mosquito control with plant products, and resistance to chemical insecticides.
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Santos AA, Wanderley-Teixeira V, dos Santos Cruz G, de Andrade Dutra K, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, de Oliveira JV, Lapa-Neto CJC, e Silva Barbosa DR, Teixeira ÁAC. Essential oil toxicity on biological and reproductive parameters of Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae). Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151714. [PMID: 33857700 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the effects of essential oils on insect pests. These effects vary and affect fundamental parameters for the survival of these organisms. However, there is a scarcity of research on the effect of these substances on Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), the main defoliating pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the activity of essential oils from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel, Juniperus virginiana L., and Mentha spicata L., on the biological and reproductive parameters of A. argillacea and the consequent effects on the gonads of both males and females of this pest. All essential oils presented toxicity by contact in third instar larvae of A. argillacea, causing a reduction in the weight of larvae and pupae, as well as affecting the number and viability of eggs. These essential oils changed the histochemistry of the testicles, and M. alternifolia, J. virginiana, and M. spicata also affected their morphology. The histochemistry of the ovarioles was altered by the essential oils from M. alternifolia, J. virginiana, and L. cubeba. Thus, the essential oils tested in the present work are promising for the control of A. argillacea, as they are toxic and affect the development and reproduction of this key pest of cotton.
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Alves TJS, Murcia-Meseguer A, Azpiazu C, Wanumen A, Wanderley-Teixeira V, Teixeira ÁAC, Ortiz A, Medina P. Side effects of a mixture of essential oils on Psyttalia concolor. Ecotoxicology 2020; 29:1358-1367. [PMID: 32851565 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Integrated Pest Management programs do not always prioritize natural enemies when selecting control methods; too often these important pest reducing agents are negatively affected by the action of other methods in agroecosystems. The aim of this research was to evaluate side effects of a bioinsecticide, developed from the mixture of cedar (Cedrus atlantica), eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oils (EOs), in a ratio of 1:1:1, on Psyttalia concolor (Szèpligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) which is a parasitoid of some pests of the Tephritidae family, as Ceratitis capitata. The LD50 of the EOs mixture for C. capitata females was 3.09 µl/g, whereas the LD50 for P. concolor females was 20.45 µl/g which suggests the natural enemy is more tolerant to the EOs mixture. P. concolor parasitized L3 larvae of C. capitata through a voile treated with the mixture of EOs at 1.8% without causing any deleterious effects neither on the percentage of attacked hosts nor on the emergence rate, whereas at the highest concentration tested, 4.8%, decreased both parameters during the 2 first days after treatment. Semi-field assays showed that mixture of EOs was harmless to P. concolor when released 4 h after treatment whereas killed 55 ± 3.9% males and 37.5 ± 1.6% females of C. capitata. The mixture of EOs used jointly with lambda-cyhalothrin or kaolin, both compounds applied against C. capitata in conventional and organic farming, respectively, did not increase the toxicity and/or persistence against the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago J S Alves
- Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Murcia-Meseguer
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celeste Azpiazu
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Wanumen
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valéria Wanderley-Teixeira
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Álvaro A C Teixeira
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, EPSL, Universidad de Jaén, 23700, Linares, Spain
| | - Pilar Medina
- Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Essoung FRE, Tadjong AT, Chhabra SC, Mohamed SA, Hassanali A. Repellence and fumigant toxicity of essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum kilimandscharicum on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:37963-37976. [PMID: 32613512 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tuta absoluta Meyrick originates in South America and is now one of the most important insect pests of Solanaceae in different parts of the world, including Africa. Its control has relied primarily on chemical insecticides, which are associated with negative ecological effects. In the present study, essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum and O. kilimandscharicum were tested for repellence and fumigant toxicity on the adult stages under laboratory conditions. The oil of O. gratissimum was more repellent, but its toxicity was comparable with that of O. kilimandscharicum. The major constituents of O. gratissimum were methyl eugenol (39.5%) and eugenol (29.7%). Those of O. kilimandscharicum were camphor (47.1%) and 1.8-cineole (19.3%). Eugenol (LC50 of 0.24 μl/ml, 83.3%, RI50 = 0.15) and camphor (LC50 of 0.23 μl/ml, 89.5%, RI50 = 0.13) were more toxic (at 1 μl/ml for 24 h) and repellent than the other constituents. The results show potential of the essential oils for use in integrated management of the tomato pest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Tcho Tadjong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Sumesh Chander Chhabra
- Chemistry Department, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Ahmed Hassanali
- Chemistry Department, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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Xie Y, Jin H, Yang X, Gu Q, Zhang D. Toxicity of the essential oil from Thymus serpyllum and thymol to larvae and pupae of the housefly Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:35330-35340. [PMID: 32588313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil (EO) of Thymus serpyllum and thymol were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against the housefly (Musca domestica) larvae and pupae. Contact toxicity and fumigation bioassays were used. Chemical composition analysis of T. serpyllum EO by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed that thymol (41.6%), p-cymene (21.9%), and γ-terpinene (19.2%) were the major components. For larval assays, the LC50 value of T. serpyllum EO was 0.4 μl/cm2 for contact toxicity and 20.9 μl/l for fumigation toxicity. For thymol, the contact toxicity LC50 value was 0.035 μl/cm2 and the fumigation LC50 value was 2.0 μl/l. For the pupal assay, T. serpyllum EO had a percentage inhibition rate (PIR) value of 100% for both contact toxicity (1.0 μl/cm2) and fumigation toxicity assay (25 μl/l), whereas thymol had a PIR of 100% for contact toxicity (0.1 μl/cm2) and fumigation assay (5 μl/l). This study shows that T. serpyllum EO and thymol are toxic to housefly larvae and pupae and have the potential for use in the population control of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Xie
- College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilei Gu
- College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayu Zhang
- College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, People's Republic of China.
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Baungratz AR, Haas J, Otalakoski J, Takahashi SE, Potrich M. Toxicity assessment of marjoram and pomegranate aqueous extracts for Cobb chicken, non-target organisms of pest control. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:3331-3335. [PMID: 32766994 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effect of 5% aqueous extracts of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) on Cobb chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus L.), as a model to birds as non-target organisms for pest control. The extracts were prepared using dried ground leaves. The powder obtained was then added to distilled water to obtain 5% extract (w/v). After 48 h, the plant extracts were filtered and added to the feed of 36 female birds. For that, the chicken (12 days old) were acclimated for 3 days before starting the experiment. The plant extracts were administered for 6 days, always preceded by at least 14-h starvation. The birds were evaluated for 11 days, assessing behaviour, feed consumption and animal performance. After sacrificing the birds, histopathological examination was performed, and intestinal villi were measured. No death nor any alteration occurred during the experiment. There was no statistical difference among the treatments regarding feed consumption and performance even though there was intestinal villi reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Radtke Baungratz
- Programa de pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jucelaine Haas
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Josiane Otalakoski
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Sementes, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Potrich
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil
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Gong X, Ren Y. Larvicidal and ovicidal activity of carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene from Origanum vulgare essential oil against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:18708-18716. [PMID: 32207008 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the larvicidal activity, and ovicidal activity of Origanum vulgare EO and its major components against the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. The chemical composition of the O. vulgare EO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. GC-MS analysis revealed that the O. vulgare EO was composed of ten compounds. The major constituents were carvacrol (78.35%), followed by p-cymene (6.85%) and γ-terpinene (3.70%). In larvicidal activity assay, the O. vulgare EO achieved a LC50 value of 265.51 μg/ml. The three major constituents from the O. vulgare EO were tested individually for toxicity against larvae of H. armigera. Carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene appeared to be most effective against H. armigera, with LC50 values of 51.53, 121.32, and 150.15 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, EC50 values of carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene against H. armigera eggs were 33.48, 47.85, and 56.54 μg/ml, respectively. Overall, this study showed that O. vulgare EO and its major constituents have the potential to develop as new eco-friendly insecticides against H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Yujian Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Devrnja N, Kostić I, Lazarević J, Savić J, Ćalić D. Evaluation of tansy essential oil as a potential "green" alternative for gypsy moth control. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:11958-11967. [PMID: 31983003 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of "green" alternatives to chemical pesticides could play a crucial role in integrated pest management (IPM). Their use is considered either as a substitution for or in addition to hazardous synthetic products. We analysed the influence of three concentrations of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) essential oil (EO), previously characterised by GC-MS, on the survival and moulting of the 2nd instar and the nutritional indices of the 4th instar gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) larvae. In a residual contact toxicity assessment, the exposure to tansy EO caused low mortality (< 10%) while larval development was significantly slowed down, i.e., the percentage of larvae that moulted into the 3rd instar was reduced. On the other hand, when tansy EO was incorporated into the diet (digestive toxicity assay), high mortality and a lack of moulting after 120 h of eating were recorded for the highest applied concentration of EO. During 48 h of feeding on EO-supplemented food at concentrations of 0.5 and 1% (v/v), the relative growth rate (RGR) of the 4th instar larvae significantly decreased, which can be explained by a significant reduction of the relative consumption rate (RCR) and significantly or marginally significantly lower efficiency of conversion of ingested food into insect biomass (ECI). Although the RCR was also reduced with the lowest applied EO concentration (0.1%), the ECI was not affected which meant the RGR was as high as it was for the control larvae. ECI changes, when two higher EO concentrations were applied, were due to a reduction in the efficiency of conversion of digested food into biomass (ECD), while approximate digestibility was unaffected by the presence of EO in the food. Our results on the significant negative effects of tansy EO on gypsy moth larval survival, development time, and nutritional physiology suggest that it could be considered in future designs for botanical insecticides for gypsy moth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Devrnja
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia.
| | - Igor Kostić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, Belgrade, 11030, Serbia
| | - Jelica Lazarević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Jelena Savić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Dušica Ćalić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
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12
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Kavallieratos NG, Boukouvala MC, Ntalli N, Skourti A, Karagianni ES, Nika EP, Kontodimas DC, Cappellacci L, Petrelli R, Cianfaglione K, Morshedloo MR, Tapondjou LA, Rakotosaona R, Maggi F, Benelli G. Effectiveness of eight essential oils against two key stored-product beetles, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and Trogoderma granarium Everts. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 139:111255. [PMID: 32165233 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of chemical pesticides to preserve food commodities is a global issue of concern due to their negative effect on the environment and public health. In recent years, the European Union is trying to reduce their use, favoring alternative or complementary approaches based on natural products. In this scenario, plant-borne essential oils (EOs) represent valid options for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. In the present study, the insecticidal effect of eight EOs obtained from plants from different parts of the world, namely Mentha longifolia, Dysphania ambrosioides, Carlina acaulis, Trachyspermum ammi, Pimpinella anisum, Origanum syriacum, Cannabis sativa and Hazomalania voyronii, were evaluated against two stored-product insect species of economic importance, Prostephanus truncatus and Trogoderma granarium. Simulating a small-scale stored-product conservation environment, an AG-4 airbrush was used to spray maize and wheat with 500 and 1000 ppm of EOs, then T. granarium and P. truncatus were exposed to the stored products and mortality was evaluated over selected time intervals (4, 8, and 16 h, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days). The EO of C. acaulis exhibited high efficacy against P. truncatus adults at both tested concentrations by killing > 97% of the individuals exposed to treated maize within 3 days at 500 ppm. The EO of D. ambrosioides eliminated all T. granarium adults exposed to 1000 ppm-treated wheat 2 days post-exposure. At this exposure interval, 91.1% of the exposed T. granarium adults died on wheat treated with 1000 ppm of C. acaulis EO. The EO of M. longifolia at both tested concentrations was the most effective against T. granarium larvae, leading to 97.8% mortality at 500 ppm after 3 days of exposure, and 100% mortality at 1000 pm 2 days post-exposure. At 1000 ppm, the EOs of D. ambrosioides and P. anisum led to 95.6 and 90% mortality, respectively, to larvae exposed to treated wheat for 7 days. Overall, our research shed light on the potential of selected EOs, with special reference to M. longifolia, D. ambrosioides, C. acaulis and P. anisum, which could be considered further to develop effective and alternative grain protectants to manage P. truncatus and T. granarium infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas G Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece.
| | - Maria C Boukouvala
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikoletta Ntalli
- Laboratory of Biological Control of Pesticides, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytropharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta str., 14561, Kifissia, Attica, Greece
| | - Anna Skourti
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Effrosyni S Karagianni
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Erifili P Nika
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Demetrius C Kontodimas
- Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta str., 14561, Kifissia, Attica, Greece
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Kevin Cianfaglione
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, UFR Sciences & Techniques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29200, Brest, France; School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Mohammad Reza Morshedloo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, 55136-553, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Léon Azefack Tapondjou
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Rianasoambolanoro Rakotosaona
- Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées, Association-Fondation Rakoto Ratsimamanga, Avarabohitra Itaosy, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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13
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Stepanycheva E, Petrova M, Chermenskaya T, Pavela R. Fumigant effect of essential oils on mortality and fertility of thrips Frankliniella occidentalis Perg. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:30885-30892. [PMID: 31446593 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Perg.) is one of the most economically important insect pests of greenhouse plants. Plant protection against this pest is based predominantly on synthetic insecticides; however, this form of protection poses problems in terms of thrip resistance to the active substances, along with health risks associated with insecticide residues on the treated plants. Therefore, new active substances need to be sought. Essential oils could be a new, appropriate, and safe alternative for greenhouse culture protection. As greenhouses are enclosed areas, fumigation application of EOs is possible. This paper presents acute toxicity results for 15 commercial EOs applied by fumigation, as well as the effect of sublethal concentrations on fertility of F. occidentalis females. The most efficient EOs were obtained from Mentha pulegium and Thymus mastichina, with LC50(90) estimated as 3.1(3.8) and 3.6 (4.6) mg L-1 air, respectively. As found for the very first time, sublethal concentrations of EOs could result in a significant reduction in the fertility of surviving T. occidentalis females. Among the tested EOs, the EO from Nepeta cataria provided the highest inhibition of fertility, with EC50(90) estimated as 0.18 (0.36) mg L-1 air. Chemical composition of the most efficient EOs and possible applications of the results in practice are discussed. In conclusion, in light of the newly determined facts, EOs can be recommended as active substances for botanical insecticides to be applied against Thysanopteran pests by fumigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Stepanycheva
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelsky sh. 3, St. Petersburg-, Pushkin, Russia, 196608
| | - Mariya Petrova
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelsky sh. 3, St. Petersburg-, Pushkin, Russia, 196608
| | - Taisiya Chermenskaya
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelsky sh. 3, St. Petersburg-, Pushkin, Russia, 196608
| | - Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague, 6 - Ruzyne, Czech Republic.
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Oliveira CR, Garcia TD, Franco-Belussi L, Salla RF, Souza BFS, de Melo NFS, Irazusta SP, Jones-Costa M, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Fraceto LF. Pyrethrum extract encapsulated in nanoparticles: Toxicity studies based on genotoxic and hematological effects in bullfrog tadpoles. Environ Pollut 2019; 253:1009-1020. [PMID: 31434178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The environment receives about 2.7 kg.ha-1 annually of pesticides, used in crop production. Pesticides may have a negative impact on environmental biodiversity and potentially induce physiological effects on non-target species. Advances in technology and nanocarrier systems for agrochemicals led to new alternatives to minimize these impacts, such as nanopesticides, considered more efficient, safe and sustainable. However, it is important to evaluate the risk potential, action and toxicity of nanopesticides in aquatic and terrestrial organisms. This study aims to evaluate genotoxic and hematological biomarkers in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) submitted to acute exposure (48 h) to pyrethrum extract (PYR) and solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with PYR. Results showed increased number of leukocytes during acute exposure, specifically eosinophils in nanoparticle-exposed groups, and basophil in PYR-exposed group. Hematological analysis showed that PYR encapsulated in nanoparticles significantly increased the erythrocyte number compared to the other exposed groups. Data from the comet assay indicated an increase in frequency of the classes that correspond to more severe DNA damages in exposed groups, being that the PYR-exposed group showed a high frequency of class-4 DNA damage. Moreover, erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities were triggered by short-time exposure in all treatments, which showed effects significantly higher than the control group. These results showed genotoxic responses in tadpoles, which could trigger cell death pathways. Concluding, these analyses are important for applications in assessment of contaminated aquatic environments and their biomonitoring, which will evaluate the potential toxicity of xenobiotics, for example, the nanoparticles and pyrethrum extract in frog species. However, further studies are needed to better understand the effects of nanopesticides and botanical insecticides on non-target organisms, in order to contribute to regulatory aspects of future uses for these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Ambiental, Av. Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, 18087-180, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - T D Garcia
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L Franco-Belussi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Avenida Costa e Silva, s/n, Bairro Universitário, 79002-970, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - R F Salla
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, R. Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - B F S Souza
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - N F S de Melo
- Faculdade de Medicina São Leopoldo Mandic, Campus Araras, Av. Dona Renata, 71, Santa Cândida, 13600-001, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - S P Irazusta
- Faculdade de Tecnologia de Sorocaba (FATEC), Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza, Campus Sorocaba, Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Av. Eng. Carlos R. Mendes, 2015, Além Ponte, 18013-280, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M Jones-Costa
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - E C M Silva-Zacarin
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Biomarcadores em Animais, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L F Fraceto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Ambiental, Av. Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, 18087-180, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
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15
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Tschoeke PH, Oliveira EE, Dalcin MS, Silveira-Tschoeke MCAC, Sarmento RA, Santos GR. Botanical and synthetic pesticides alter the flower visitation rates of pollinator bees in Neotropical melon fields. Environ Pollut 2019; 251:591-599. [PMID: 31108292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ecological and economic contributions of pollinator bees to agricultural production have been threatened by the inappropriate and excessive use of pesticides. These pesticides are often applied in areas with ecological peculiarities (e.g., the Neotropical savannah-like region termed as Cerrado) that were not considered during the product development. Here, we conducted field experiments with melon (i.e., Cucumis melo L.) plants cultivated under Brazilian Cerrado conditions and evaluated the impacts of botanical (i.e., neem-based insecticide) and synthetic (i.e., the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin and the fungicides thiophanate-methyl and chlorothalonil) pesticides on the flower visitation rates of naturally occurring pollinator bees. Our results revealed that both honey bees (i.e., Apis mellifera L.) and non-Apis bees visited melon flowers and the intensity of bee visitation was moderately correlated with yield parameters (e.g., number of marketable fruits and fruit yield). Pesticide treatments differentially affected bee species. For instance, Plebeia sp. bees were not affected by any pesticide treatment, whereas both A. mellifera and Halictus sp. bees showed reduced visitation intensity after the application of deltamethrin or neem-based insecticides. Fungicide treatment alone did not influence the bee's visitation intensity. Deltamethrin-treated melon fields produced significantly lighter marketable fruits, and the melon yield was significantly lower in melon fields treated with the neem-based insecticide. Thus, our findings with such pollinator bees reinforce the idea that field applications of botanical pesticides may represent as risky as the applications of synthetic compounds, indicating that these alternative products should be submitted to risk assessments comparable to those required for synthetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Tschoeke
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, 77410-530, Brazil
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Mateus S Dalcin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, 77410-530, Brazil
| | | | - Renato A Sarmento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, 77410-530, Brazil
| | - Gil Rodrigues Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, 77410-530, Brazil
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16
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Pavela R, Maggi F, Iannarelli R, Benelli G. Plant extracts for developing mosquito larvicides: From laboratory to the field, with insights on the modes of action. Acta Trop 2019; 193:236-271. [PMID: 30711422 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, major research efforts have been done to investigate the insecticidal activity of plant-based products against mosquitoes. This is a modern and timely challenge in parasitology, aimed to reduce the frequent overuse of synthetic pesticides boosting resistance development in mosquitoes and causing serious threats to human health and environment. This review covers the huge amount of literature available on plant extracts tested as mosquito larvicides, particularly aqueous and alcoholic ones, due to their easy formulation in water without using surfactants. We analysed results obtained on more than 400 plant species, outlining that 29 of them have outstanding larvicidal activity (i.e., LC50 values below 10 ppm) against major vectors belonging to the genera Anopheles, Aedes and Culex, among others. Furthermore, synergistic and antagonistic effects between plant extracts and conventional pesticides, as well as among selected plant extracts are discussed. The efficacy of pure compounds isolated from the most effective plant extracts and - when available - their mechanism of action, as well as the impact on non-target species, is also covered. These belong to the following class of secondary metabolites: alkaloids, alkamides, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, flavonoids, coumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, acetogenonins and aliphatics. Their mode of action on mosquito larvae ranges from neurotoxic effects to inhibition of detoxificant enzymes and larval development and/or midugut damages. In the final section, current drawbacks as well as key challenges for future research, including technologies to synergize efficacy and improve stability - thus field performances - of the selected plant extracts, are outlined. Unfortunately, despite the huge amount of laboratory evidences about their efficacy, only a limited number of studies was aimed to validate their efficacy in the field, nor the epidemiological impact potentially arising from these vector control operations has been assessed. This strongly limits the development of commercial mosquito larvicides of botanical origin, at variance with plant-borne products developed in the latest decades to kill or repel other key arthropod species of medical and veterinary importance (e.g., ticks and lice), as well as mosquito adults. Further research on these issues is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague 6, Ruzyne, Czech Republic
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Romilde Iannarelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Chowański S, Chudzińska E, Lelario F, Ventrella E, Marciniak P, Miądowicz-Kobielska M, Spochacz M, Szymczak M, Scrano L, Bufo SA, Adamski Z. Insecticidal properties of Solanum nigrum and Armoracia rusticana extracts on reproduction and development of Drosophila melanogaster. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 162:454-463. [PMID: 30015192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived substances, because of high biological activity, arouse interest of many scientists. Thus, plant extracts and pure substances are intensively studied on various insects as potential insecticides. In such studies, D. melanogaster is one of the most important model organisms. In our studies, we analysed the contents of two plant extracts and tested the activity of their main components against fruit flies and compared observed effects to effects caused by crude extracts. Then, we assessed the development of the next, unexposed generation. The chemical analysis of extracts revealed the presence of numerous glycoalkaloids and glucosinolates in Solanum nigrum and Armoracia rusticana extracts. These extracts, as well as their main components, revealed lethal and sublethal effects, such as the altered developmental time of various life stages and malformations of imagoes. Interestingly, the results for the extracts and pure main compounds often varied. Some of the results were also observed in the unexposed generation. These results confirm that the tested plants produce a range of substances with potential insecticidal effects. The different effects of extracts and pure main components suggest the presence of minor compounds, which should be tested as insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Ewa Chudzińska
- Department of Genetics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Filomena Lelario
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
| | | | - Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | | | - Marta Spochacz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Monika Szymczak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Laura Scrano
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures, University of Basilicata, Matera, Italy.
| | | | - Zbigniew Adamski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland; Electron and Confocal Microscope Laboratory, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
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18
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Monsreal-Ceballos RJ, Ruiz-Sánchez E, Ballina-Gómez HS, Reyes-Ramírez A, González-Moreno A. Effects of Botanical Insecticides on Hymenopteran Parasitoids: a Meta-analysis Approach. Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:681-688. [PMID: 29427132 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Botanical insecticides (BIs) are considered a valuable alternative for plant protection in sustainable agriculture. The use of both BIs and parasitoids are presumed to be mutually compatible pest management practices. However, there is controversy on this subject, as various studies have reported lethal and sublethal effects of BIs on hymenopteran parasitoids. To shed new light on this controversy, a meta-analytic approach of the effects of BIs on adult mortality, parasitism, and parasitoid emergence under laboratory conditions was performed. We show that BIs increased mortality, decreased parasitism, and decreased parasitoid emergence. Botanical insecticides derived from Nicotiana tabacum and Caceolaria andina were particulary lethal. Most of the parasitoid groups showed susceptibility to BIs, but the families Scelionidae and Ichneumonidae were not significantly affected. The negative effects of BIs were seen regardless of the type of exposure (topical, ingestion, or residual). In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that under laboratory conditions, exposure of hymenopteran parasitoids to BIs had significant negative effects on adult mortality, parasitism, and parasitoid emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Monsreal-Ceballos
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - E Ruiz-Sánchez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - H S Ballina-Gómez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - A Reyes-Ramírez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - A González-Moreno
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Avenida Tecnológico S/N, 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico
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Pavela R. Essential oils from Foeniculum vulgare Miller as a safe environmental insecticide against the aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:10904-10910. [PMID: 29397509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aphids are an important agricultural pest that not only damage plants by suction, but can also transmit a number of economically important plant viruses. Protection against aphids is based on the use of synthetic insecticides. However, these products can be dangerous for non-target organisms. Therefore, it is important to develop new, environmentally safe plant protection methods.In this study, we have tested an essential oil (EO) obtained from Foeniculum vulgare for the mortality of Myzus persicae, an important polyphagous pest, its natural predator Harmonia axyridis, and Eisenia fetida as a representative of soil organisms. The EO, with its major compounds trans-anethole (67.9%) and fenchone (25.5%), was found to provide excellent efficacy against M. persicae (LC50 = 0.6 and LC90 = 2.4 mL L-1) while not causing any significant mortality of the tested non-target organisms. On the contrary, application of an insecticide based on the active substance alpha-cypermethrin not only caused mortality in the aphids, but also had a fatal negative effect on both the non-target organisms we tested, resulting in their high mortality.Our results indicate very high prospects for using the essential oil from F. vulgare in the development of environmentally safe botanical insecticides designed for plant protection against aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague 6 Ruzyne, Czech Republic.
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20
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Santos AA, de Oliveira BMS, Melo CR, Lima APS, Santana EDR, Blank AF, Picanço MC, Araújo APA, Cristaldo PF, Bacci L. Sub-lethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides on drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Blattodea: Termitoidea). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 145:436-441. [PMID: 28778042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The drywood termite Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) (Kalotermitidae) is one of the most important wood structural pest in the world. Substances from the secondary metabolism of plants (e.g., essential oils) have been considered an environmentally safer form of control for urban pests, such as termites. In the present study, we analyzed the lethal and sub-lethal effects of essential oil of Lippia sidoides and its major components on C. brevis pseudergates in two routes of exposure (contact and fumigation). The essential oil of L. sidoides and thymol were more toxic to C. brevis pseudergates when applied by contact (LD50 = 9.33 and 8.20µgmg-1, respectively) and by fumigation (LC50 = 9.10 and 23.6µLL-1, respectively). In general, treatments changed the individual and collective behaviors of C. brevis pseudergates, as well as the displacement and walking speed. The essential oil of L. sidoides and its major components showed a high potential to control C. brevis pseudergates, due to the bioactivity in the two routes of exposure and the sub-lethal effects on the behavior and walking, important activities for the cohesion of C. brevis colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Almeida Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Maria Santos de Oliveira
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Carlisson Ramos Melo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santana Lima
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Emile Dayara Rabelo Santana
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Arie Fitzgerald Blank
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Coutinho Picanço
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Albano Araújo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fellipe Cristaldo
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Leandro Bacci
- Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, and Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil.
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21
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Tak JH, Jovel E, Isman MB. Effects of rosemary, thyme and lemongrass oils and their major constituents on detoxifying enzyme activity and insecticidal activity in Trichoplusia ni. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2017; 140:9-16. [PMID: 28755700 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been many reports on the synergistic interactions among the major constituents of plant essential oils regarding insecticidal activity, their underlying mechanism of synergy is poorly understood. In our previous studies, we found each of the two most abundant constituents of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.) essential oils can be synergistic against the larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni at their natural proportion or equivalent blending ratios. In the present study, we investigated whether the enhanced toxicity between the major constituents could be the result of inhibited enzyme activity of cytochrome P450s, general esterases or glutathione S-transferases which are highly related to the development of insecticide resistance. Overall, although some combinations showed mild inhibitory activity, at least for these essential oils and their major constituents, inhibition of detoxication enzyme activity is unlikely to be a direct cause of increased toxicity in the cabbage looper. The results point to other factors, such as multiple modes-of-action or enhanced penetration through the cuticular layer, playing important roles in the elevated insecticidal activity. Moreover, application of enzyme inhibitors sometimes resulted in decreased activity when mixed with the target compounds, but these antagonistic interactions disappeared when they were applied separately, suggesting that the enzyme inhibitors can sometimes influence the penetrations of toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyung Tak
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Eduardo Jovel
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Murray B Isman
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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22
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Ansante TF, Ribeiro LP, Vendramim JD. Acute and Chronic Toxicities of an Annonin-Based Commercial Bioinsecticide and a Joint Mixture with a Limonoid-Based Formulation to the Fall Armyworm. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:216-222. [PMID: 27730568 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The bioactivity of a newly registered annonin-based formulation (Anosom® 1 EC) was investigated for use against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), both singly and mixed with a limonoid-based formulation (Azamax® 1.2 EC) using dietary exposure bioassays. Anosom® 1 EC caused significant mortality in S. frugiperda larvae exposed to treated artificial media, with the activity level dependent on both the concentration and the exposure time. In addition to exhibiting acute toxicity, this formulation (tested at LC50) also caused growth inhibition of S. frugiperda, as demonstrated by a significant reduction in pupal weight and viable larval and pupal phases and an increase in the duration of the larval stage. Moreover, the bioinsecticide caused an increase in the proportion of deformed or defective pupae; these were characterized by the retention of exuvia from the last larval instar. The bioinsecticide (at the previously estimated LC90) was, in a time-dependent manner, equally as toxic as the limonoid-based biopesticide (Azamax® 1.2 EC), which was tested at concentrations recommended for the management of S. frugiperda in Brasil. Moreover, the binary mixture (1/2 LC90 of Anosom® 1 EC + 1/2 the recommended rate of Azamax® 1.2 EC) of both bioinsecticides caused a similar level of mortality compared to the bioinsecticides tested individually (full concentration), demonstrating an additive effect of these commercial bioinsecticides. In light of these findings, this standardized formulation based on extract of Annona squamosa can constitute a useful component in the framework of S. frugiperda management, mainly in organic food production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Ansante
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L P Ribeiro
- Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI), Av. Servidão Ferdinando Tusset S/N - São Cristóvão, CEP 89801-970, Chapecó, SC, Brasil.
| | - J D Vendramim
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Bedini S, Flamini G, Cosci F, Ascrizzi R, Echeverria MC, Guidi L, Landi M, Lucchi A, Conti B. Artemisia spp. essential oils against the disease-carrying blowfly Calliphora vomitoria. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:80. [PMID: 28193253 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synanthropic flies play a considerable role in the transmission of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. In this work, the essential oil (EO) of two aromatic plants, Artemisia annua and Artemisia dracunculus, were evaluated for their abilities to control the blowfly Calliphora vomitoria. Artemisia annua and A. dracunculus EOs were extracted, analysed and tested in laboratory bioassays. Besides, the physiology of EOs toxicity and the EOs antibacterial and antifungal properties were evaluated. RESULTS Both Artemisia EOs deterred C. vomitoria oviposition on fresh beef meat. At 0.05 μl cm-2 A. dracunculus EO completely inhibited C. vomitoria oviposition. Toxicity tests, by contact, showed LD50 of 0.49 and 0.79 μl EO per fly for A. dracunculus and A. annua, respectively. By fumigation, LC50 values were 49.55 and 88.09 μl l-1 air for A. dracunculus and A. annua, respectively. EOs AChE inhibition in C. vomitoria (IC50 = 202.6 and 472.4 mg l-1, respectively, for A. dracunculus and A. annua) indicated that insect neural sites are targeted by the EOs toxicity. Finally, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the two Artemisia EOs may assist in the reduction of transmission of microbial infections/contaminations. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that Artemisia EOs could be of use in the control of C. vomitoria, a common vector of pathogenic microorganisms and agent of human and animal cutaneous myiasis. The prevention of pathogenic and parasitic infections is a priority for human and animal health. The Artemisia EOs could represent an eco-friendly, low-cost alternative to synthetic repellents and insecticides to fight synanthropic disease-carrying blowflies.
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Govindarajan M, Kadaikunnan S, Alharbi NS, Benelli G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss. & Heldr. (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:23228-23238. [PMID: 27604128 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus highlighted the pivotal importance of mosquito vector control in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. However, mosquito control is facing hot challenges, mainly due to the rapid development of pesticide resistance in Culicidae and the limited success of biocontrol programs on Aedes mosquitoes. In this framework, screening botanicals for their mosquitocidal potential may offer effective and eco-friendly tools in the fight against mosquitoes. In the present study, the essential oil (EO) obtained from the medicinal plant Origanum scabrum was analyzed by GC-MS and evaluated for its mosquitocidal and repellent activities towards Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus. GC-MS analysis showed a total of 28 compounds, representing 97.1 % of the EO. The major constituents were carvacrol (48.2 %) and thymol (16.6 %). The EO was toxic effect to the A. stephensi, A. aegypti, C. quinquefasciatus, and C. tritaeniorhynchus larvae, with LC50 of 61.65, 67.13, 72.45, and 78.87 μg/ml, respectively. Complete ovicidal activity was observed at 160, 200, 240, and 280 μg/ml, respectively. Against adult mosquitoes, LD50 were 122.38, 134.39, 144.53, and 158.87 μg/ml, respectively. In repellency assays, the EOs tested at 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/cm2 concentration of O. scabrum gave 100 % protection from mosquito bites up to 210, 180, 150, and 120 min, respectively. From an eco-toxicological point of view, the EO was tested on three non-target mosquito predators, Gambusia affinis, Diplonychus indicus, and Anisops bouvieri, with LC50 ranging from 4162 to 12,425 μg/ml. Overall, the EO from O. scabrum may be considered as a low-cost and eco-friendly source of phytochemicals to develop novel repellents against Culicidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, TN, 608 002, India.
| | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Insect Behavior Group, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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25
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Tak JH, Isman MB. Metabolism of citral, the major constituent of lemongrass oil, in the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, and effects of enzyme inhibitors on toxicity and metabolism. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2016; 133:20-25. [PMID: 27742357 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although screening for new and reliable sources of botanical insecticides remains important, finding ways to improve the efficacy of those already in use through better understanding of their modes-of-action or metabolic pathways, or by improving formulations, deserves greater attention as the latter may present lesser regulation hurdles. Metabolic processing of citral (a combination of the stereoisomers geranial and neral), a main constituent of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil has not been previously examined in insects. To address this, we investigated insecticidal activities of lemongrass oil and citral, as well as the metabolism of citral in larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, in associations with well-known enzyme inhibitors. Among the inhibitors tested, piperonyl butoxide showed the highest increase in toxicity followed by triphenyl phosphate, but no synergistic interaction between the inhibitors was observed. Topical application of citral to fifth instar larvae produced mild reductions in food consumption, and frass analysis after 24h revealed geranic acid (99.7%) and neric acid (98.8%) as major metabolites of citral. Neither citral nor any other metabolites were found following in vivo analysis of larvae after 24h, and no significant effect of enzyme inhibitors was observed on diet consumption or citral metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyung Tak
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Murray B Isman
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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26
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Fanela TLM, Baldin ELL, Pannuti LER, Cruz PL, Crotti AEM, Takeara R, Kato MJ. Lethal and Inhibitory Activities of Plant-Derived Essential Oils Against Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Biotype B in Tomato. Neotrop Entomol 2016; 45:201-210. [PMID: 26712319 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-015-0356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most severe tomato pests in the world. The damage caused by this insect may compromise up to 100% of crop production, and management of this pest has relied on spraying of synthetic insecticides. However, due to the environmental issues associated with this practice, alternative methods such as the use of botanical pesticides are now used as a strategy of integrated pest management (IPM). We evaluated the effects of essential oils of five plant species on B. tabaci biotype B in tomato and demonstrate that the essential oils (0.5%) of Piper callosum (PC-EO), Adenocalymma alliaceum (AA-EO), Pelargonium graveolens (PG-EO), and Plectranthus neochilus (PN-EO) inhibit the settlement and oviposition of B. tabaci biotype B adults in tomato plants. In fumigation tests, A. alliaceum (AA-EO) at 0.4 μL/L of air after 72 h and 0.1 μL/L of air after 6 h was the most effective against nymphs and adults of B. tabaci biotype B, respectively. The major chemical constituents of PC-EO were identified as being safrole (29.3%), α-pinene (19.2%), and β-pinene (14.3%), whereas diallyl trisulfide (66.9%) and diallyl disulfide (23.3%) were the major compounds identified in AA-EO. This is the first report on the reduction of oviposition by the use of P. callosum (PC-EO) and A. alliaceum (AA-EO). In addition, the fumigant effect of A. alliaceum (AA-EO) on nymphs and adults has also been reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L M Fanela
- Depto de Proteção Vegetal, Fac de Ciências Agronômicas, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - E L L Baldin
- Depto de Proteção Vegetal, Fac de Ciências Agronômicas, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - L E R Pannuti
- Depto de Proteção Vegetal, Fac de Ciências Agronômicas, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
| | - P L Cruz
- Depto de Proteção Vegetal, Fac de Ciências Agronômicas, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - A E M Crotti
- Depto de Química, Fac de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Univ de Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R Takeara
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Univ Federal do Amazonas, Itacoatiara, AM, Brasil
| | - M J Kato
- Instituto de Química, Univ de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Gonzales Correa YDC, Faroni LRA, Haddi K, Oliveira EE, Pereira EJG. Locomotory and physiological responses induced by clove and cinnamon essential oils in the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2015; 125:31-37. [PMID: 26615148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant essential oils have been suggested as a suitable alternative for controlling stored pests worldwide. However, very little is known about the physiological or behavioral responses induced by these compounds in insect populations that are resistant to traditional insecticides. Thus, this investigation evaluated the toxicity (including the impacts on population growth) as well as the locomotory and respiratory responses induced by clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L., essential oils in Brazilian populations of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais. We used populations that are resistant to phosphine and pyrethroids (PyPhR), only resistant to pyrethroids (PyR1 and PyR2) or susceptible to both insecticide types (SUS). The PyPhR population was more tolerant to cinnamon essential oil, and its population growth rate was less affected by both oil types. Insects from this population reduced their respiratory rates (i.e., CO2 production) after being exposed to both oil types and avoided (in free choice-experiments) or reduced their mobility on essential oil-treated surfaces. The PyR1 and PyR2 populations reduced their respiratory rates, avoided (without changing their locomotory behavior in no-choice experiments) essential oil-treated surfaces and their population growth rates were severely affected by both oil types. Individuals from SUS population increased their mobility on surfaces that were treated with both oil types and showed the highest levels of susceptibility to these oils. Our findings indicate that S. zeamais populations that are resistant to traditional insecticides might have distinct but possibly overlapping mechanisms to mitigate the actions of essential oils and traditional insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lêda R A Faroni
- Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Khalid Haddi
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; Science without Border Associate Researcher, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Eugênio E Oliveira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Eliseu José G Pereira
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
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28
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El Zayyat EA, Soliman MI, Elleboudy NA, Ofaa SE. Musca domestica laboratory susceptibility to three ethnobotanical culinary plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:15844-52. [PMID: 26036589 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Throughout history, synanthropic Musca domestica had remained a worldwide problem whenever poor sanitation and bad hygienic conditions exists. Houseflies growing resistance to chemical insecticides are a rising environmental problem that necessitates search for alternatives. Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum, and Coriandrum sativum were tested for bioactivity on M. domestica adults and larvae. They are culinary Mediterranean plants. In adulticidal bioassay, using both CDC bottles and fumigation techniques, basil was the most effective extract with LC50 1.074 and 34.996 g/L, respectively. Concerning larvicidal bioassay by fumigation technique, coriander had the highest toxicity index with LC50 29.521 g/L. In both dipping and feeding technique, basil had the highest toxicity with LC50 32.643 and 0.749 g/L, respectively. Basil showed the highest toxicity results in four out of the five models tested followed by coriander then mint; this result highlights the potentiality of basil as a green insecticide in management of flies and opens new insight in the industrialization of basil-based fly control products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham A El Zayyat
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha A Elleboudy
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa E Ofaa
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt
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