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Liao T, Shi L, He C, Liu D, Wei Y, Ma Z, Wang P, Mao J, Wu P. Suppression of NUPR1 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes reduces synovial fibrosis via the Smad3 pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:715. [PMID: 39090667 PMCID: PMC11295884 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial fibrosis is a common complication of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a pathological process characterized by myofibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are implicated in KOA pathogenesis, contributing to synovial fibrosis through diverse mechanisms. Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a recently identified transcription factor with crucial roles in various fibrotic diseases. However, its molecular determinants in KOA synovial fibrosis remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of NUPR1 in KOA synovial fibrosis through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS We examined NUPR1 expression in the murine synovium and determined the impact of NUPR1 on synovial fibrosis by knockdown models in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced KOA mouse model. TGF-β was employed to induce fibrotic response and myofibroblast activation in mouse FLSs, and the role and molecular mechanisms in synovial fibrosis were evaluated under conditions of NUPR1 downexpression. Additionally, the pharmacological effect of NUPR1 inhibitor in synovial fibrosis was assessed using a surgically induced mouse KOA model. RESULTS We found that NUPR1 expression increased in the murine synovium after DMM surgical operation. The adeno-associated virus (AAV)-NUPR1 shRNA promoted NUPR1 deficiency, attenuating synovial fibrosis, inhibiting synovial hyperplasia, and significantly reducing the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules. Moreover, the lentivirus-mediated NUPR1 deficiency alleviated synoviocyte proliferation and inhibited fibroblast to myofibroblast transition. It also decreased the expression of fibrosis markers α-SMA, COL1A1, CTGF, Vimentin and promoted the activation of the SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) pathway. Importantly, trifluoperazine (TFP), a NUPR1 inhibitor, attenuated synovial fibrosis in DMM mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that NUPR1 is an antifibrotic modulator in KOA, and its effect on anti-synovial fibrosis is partially mediated by SMAD3 signaling. This study reveals a promising target for developing novel antifibrotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyang Liao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglong He
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deren Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yibao Wei
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Ao Q, Hu H, Huang Y. Ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1438803. [PMID: 39076977 PMCID: PMC11284608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1438803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent mode of cell death distinct from apoptosis and necrosis. Its mechanisms mainly involve disordered iron metabolism, lipid peroxide deposition, and an imbalance of the antioxidant system. The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle responsible for protein folding, lipid metabolism, and Ca2+ regulation in cells. It can be induced to undergo endoplasmic reticulum stress in response to inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypoxia, thereby regulating intracellular environmental homeostasis through unfolded protein responses. It has been reported that ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) have an interaction pathway and jointly regulate cell survival and death. Both have also been reported separately in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mechanism studies. However, studies on the correlation between ferroptosis and ERS in RA have not been reported so far. Therefore, this paper reviews the current status of studies and the potential correlation between ferroptosis and ERS in RA, aiming to provide a research reference for developing treatments for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ao
- Guizhou Universisity of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical Universisity, Guiyang, China
| | - Huan Hu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Guizhou Universisity of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical Universisity, Guiyang, China
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Cheng Z, Liu Z, Liu C, Yang A, Miao H, Bai X. Esculin suppresses the PERK-eIF2α-CHOP pathway by enhancing SIRT1 expression in oxidative stress-induced rat chondrocytes, mitigating osteoarthritis progression in a rat model. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112061. [PMID: 38608474 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of chondrocytes, involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Esculin is a natural compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, its impact on ER stress in OA therapy has not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to determine the efficiency of Esculin in OA treatment and its underlying mechanism. METHODS We utilized the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to establish OA model in chondrocytes. The expression of SIRT1, PERK/eIF2α pathway-related proteins, apoptosis-associated proteins and ER stress-related proteins were detected by Western blot and Real-time PCR. The apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. X-ray imaging, Hematoxylin & Eosin staining, Safranin O staining and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the pharmacological effects of Esculin in the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat OA model. RESULTS Esculin downregulated the expression of PERK/eIF2α pathway-related proteins, apoptosis-associated proteins and ER stress-related proteins, while upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and Bcl2 in the TBHP-induced OA model in vitro. It was coincident with the results of TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. We further confirmed the protective effect of Esculin in the rat ACLT-related model. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the potential therapeutic value of Esculin on osteoarthritis. It probably inhibits the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway by upregulating SIRT1, thereby mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and protecting chondrocytes from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Cheng
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaoning Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aoxiang Yang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Haichuan Miao
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xizhuang Bai
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Arthrology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.
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Li R, Koh JH, Park WJ, Choi Y, Kim WU. Serum and urine lipidomic profiles identify biomarkers diagnostic for seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1410365. [PMID: 38765010 PMCID: PMC11099275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1410365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is defined as RA without circulating autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; thus, early diagnosis of seronegative RA can be challenging. Here, we aimed to identify diagnostic biomarkers for seronegative RA by performing lipidomic analyses of sera and urine samples from patients with RA. Methods We performed untargeted lipidomic analysis of sera and urine samples from 111 RA patients, 45 osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and 25 healthy controls (HC). These samples were divided into a discovery cohort (n = 97) and a validation cohort (n = 84). Serum samples from 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were also used for validation. Results The serum lipidome profile of RA was distinguishable from that of OA and HC. We identified a panel of ten serum lipids and three urine lipids in the discovery cohort that showed the most significant differences. These were deemed potential lipid biomarker candidates for RA. The serum lipid panel was tested using a validation cohort; the results revealed an accuracy of 79%, a sensitivity of 71%, and a specificity of 86%. Both seropositive and seronegative RA patients were differentiated from patients with OA, SLE, and HC. Three urinary lipids showing differential expression between RA from HC were identified with an accuracy of 84%, but they failed to differentiate RA from OA. There were five lipid pathways that differed between seronegative and seropositive RA. Conclusion Here, we identified a panel of ten serum lipids as potential biomarkers that can differentiate RA from OA and SLE, regardless of seropositivity. In addition, three urinary lipids had diagnostic utility for differentiating RA from HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Koh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Division of National Product Applied Science, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Papadopoulou D, Mavrikaki V, Charalampous F, Tzaferis C, Samiotaki M, Papavasileiou KD, Afantitis A, Karagianni N, Denis MC, Sanchez J, Lane JR, Faidon Brotzakis Z, Skretas G, Georgiadis D, Matralis AN, Kollias G. Discovery of the First-in-Class Inhibitors of Hypoxia Up-Regulated Protein 1 (HYOU1) Suppressing Pathogenic Fibroblast Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319157. [PMID: 38339863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are key regulators of inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. Targeting their activation in these complex diseases has emerged as a novel strategy to restore tissue homeostasis. Here, we present a multidisciplinary lead discovery approach to identify and optimize small molecule inhibitors of pathogenic fibroblast activation. The study encompasses medicinal chemistry, molecular phenotyping assays, chemoproteomics, bulk RNA-sequencing analysis, target validation experiments, and chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)/pharmacokinetic (PK)/in vivo evaluation. The parallel synthesis employed for the production of the new benzamide derivatives enabled us to a) pinpoint key structural elements of the scaffold that provide potent fibroblast-deactivating effects in cells, b) discriminate atoms or groups that favor or disfavor a desirable ADMET profile, and c) identify metabolic "hot spots". Furthermore, we report the discovery of the first-in-class inhibitor leads for hypoxia up-regulated protein 1 (HYOU1), a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family often associated with cellular stress responses, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Targeting HYOU1 may therefore represent a potentially novel strategy to modulate fibroblast activation and treat chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Papadopoulou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Mavrikaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, 16672, Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Filippos Charalampous
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Christos Tzaferis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Konstantinos D Papavasileiou
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, 18545, Piraeus, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | - Antreas Afantitis
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, 18545, Piraeus, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus
| | | | | | - Julie Sanchez
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, NG2 7AG, Midlands, U.K
| | - J Robert Lane
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, NG2 7AG, Midlands, U.K
| | - Zacharias Faidon Brotzakis
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Georgios Skretas
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios N Matralis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Research Institute of New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Chen S, Wang Q, Wang H, Xia S. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in T cell-mediated diseases. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13307. [PMID: 38441291 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
T cells synthesize a large number of proteins during their development, activation, and differentiation. The build-up of misfolded and unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, however, causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Thus, T cells can maintain ER homeostasis via endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, unfolded protein response, and autophagy. In T cell-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, type 1 diabetes and vitiligo, ER stress caused by changes in the internal microenvironment can cause disease progression by affecting T cell homeostasis. This review discusses ER stress in T cell formation, activation, differentiation, and T cell-mediated illnesses, and may offer new perspectives on the involvement of T cells in autoimmune disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiulei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sheng Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Akinyemi AO, Simpson KE, Oyelere SF, Nur M, Ngule CM, Owoyemi BCD, Ayarick VA, Oyelami FF, Obaleye O, Esoe DP, Liu X, Li Z. Unveiling the dark side of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in cancers and other human pathology: a systematic review. Mol Med 2023; 29:112. [PMID: 37605113 PMCID: PMC10464436 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78) is a chaperone protein that is predominantly expressed in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. GRP78 plays a crucial role in protein folding by assisting in the assembly of misfolded proteins. Under cellular stress conditions, GRP78 can translocate to the cell surface (csGRP78) were it interacts with different ligands to initiate various intracellular pathways. The expression of csGRP78 has been associated with tumor initiation and progression of multiple cancer types. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing evidence on the roles of GRP78 in various types of cancer and other human pathology. Additionally, the review discusses the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying GRP78's involvement in tumorigenesis and cancer advancement. Furthermore, we highlight recent innovative approaches employed in downregulating GRP78 expression in cancers as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Nur
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Felix Femi Oyelami
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | | | - Dave-Preston Esoe
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
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Lee S, Choi E, Chae S, Koh JH, Choi Y, Kim JG, Yoo SA, Hwang D, Kim WU. Identification of MYH9 as a key regulator for synoviocyte migration and invasion through secretome profiling. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:1035-1048. [PMID: 37188496 PMCID: PMC10359537 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-223625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 'Invasive pannus' is a pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate secretome profile of synovial fibroblasts of patients with RA (RA-FLSs), a major cell type comprising the invasive pannus. METHODS Secreted proteins from RA-FLSs were first identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Ultrasonography was performed for affected joints to define synovitis severity at the time of arthrocentesis. Expression levels of myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in RA-FLSs and synovial tissues were determined by ELISA, western blot analysis and immunostaining. A humanised synovitis model was induced in immuno-deficient mice. RESULTS We first identified 843 proteins secreted from RA-FLSs; 48.5% of the secretome was associated with pannus-driven pathologies. Parallel reaction monitoring analysis of the secretome facilitated discovery of 16 key proteins related to 'invasive pannus', including MYH9, in the synovial fluids, which represented synovial pathology based on ultrasonography and inflammatory activity in the joints. Particularly, MYH9, a key protein in actin-based cell motility, showed a strong correlation with fibroblastic activity in the transcriptome profile of RA synovia. Moreover, MYH9 expression was elevated in cultured RA-FLSs and RA synovium, and its secretion was induced by interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor α, toll-like receptor ligation and endoplasmic reticulum stimuli. Functional experiments demonstrated that MYH9 promoted migration and invasion of RA-FLSs in vitro and in a humanised synovitis model, which was substantially inhibited by blebbistatin, a specific MYH9 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive resource of the RA-FLS-derived secretome and suggests that MYH9 represents a promising target for retarding abnormal migration and invasion of RA-FLSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saseong Lee
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Choi
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Koh
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, School of Medicine, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Yoolim Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Gon Kim
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, The Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yoo
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, School of Medicine, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
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Jeong GH, Nam MK, Hur W, Heo S, Lee S, Choi E, Park JH, Park Y, Kim WU, Rhim H, Yoo SA. Role of high-temperature requirement serine protease A 2 in rheumatoid inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:96. [PMID: 37287073 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-temperature requirement serine protease A 2 (HtrA2) is known to be involved in growth, unfolded protein response to stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, whether HtrA2 controls inflammation and immune response remains elusive. METHODS Expression of HtrA2 in the synovial tissue of patients was examined using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the concentrations of HtrA2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Synoviocyte survival was assessed by MTT assay. For the downregulation of HtrA2 transcripts, cells were transfected with HtrA2 siRNA. RESULTS We found that the concentration of HtrA2 was elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluid (SF) than in osteoarthritis (OA) SF, and its concentrations were correlated with the number of immune cells in the RA SF. Interestingly, HtrA2 levels in the SF of RA patients were elevated in proportion to synovitis severity and correlated with the expression of proinflammation cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2. In addition, HtrA2 was highly expressed in RA synovium and primary synoviocytes. RA synoviocytes released HtrA2 when stimulated with ER stress inducers. Knockdown of HtrA2 inhibited the IL1β-, TNFα-, and LPS-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by RA synoviocytes. CONCLUSION HtrA2 is a novel inflammatory mediator and a potential target for the development of an anti-inflammation therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Heon Jeong
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Nam
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonhee Hur
- Division of Chronic Viral Diseases, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seolhee Heo
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Saseong Lee
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Choi
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youngjae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyangshuk Rhim
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yoo
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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10
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Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 commits human mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into chondrocytes via endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279584. [PMID: 36548354 PMCID: PMC9778607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can differentiate into chondrocytes. Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) is differentially expressed during chondrogenic differentiation and can be produced by MSC. EBI3 is also a subunit of interleukin (IL)-27 and IL-35, and it accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when its partners, such as IL-27 p28 and IL-35 p35, are insufficient. ER stress induced by protein accumulation is responsible for chondrogenic differentiation. However, the role of EBI3 and its relevance to the ER stress in chondrogenic differentiation of MSC have never been addressed. Here, we demonstrate that EBI3 protein is expressed in the early stage of chondrogenic differentiation of MSC. Additionally, knockdown, overexpression, or induction of EBI3 through IL-1β inhibits chondrogenesis. We show that EBI3 localizes and accumulates in the ER of MSC after overexpression or induction by IL-1β and TNF-α, whereas ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid decreases its accumulation in MSC. Moreover, EBI3 modulates ER stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) after induced by IL-1β, and MSC-like cells coexpress EBI3 and IRE1α in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue. Altogether, these data demonstrate that intracellular EBI3 commits to chondrogenic differentiation by regulating ER stress sensor IRE1α.
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11
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Yang G, Kang HC, Cho YY, Lee HS, Lee JY. Inflammasomes and their roles in arthritic disease pathogenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1027917. [PMID: 36387275 PMCID: PMC9650081 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1027917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a molecular platform that is created in the cytosolic compartment to mediate the host immunological response to cellular injury and infection. Caspase-1 may be activated by the inflammasome, which leads to the generation of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and the beginning of pyroptosis, which is a type of proinflammatory cell death. Scientists have identified a number of different inflammasomes in the last 2 decades. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been studied the most, and its activity may be triggered by a broad range of different inducers. However, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in a manner that is not properly controlled is also a factor in the etiology of many human illnesses. Accumulating evidence indicates that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in the innate and adaptive immune systems and the development of various arthritic illnesses, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout. The present review provides a concise summary of the biological properties of the NLRP3 inflammasome and presents the fundamental processes behind its activation and control. We discuss the role of the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of arthritic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout, and the potential of newly developed therapies that specifically target the inflammasome or its products for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, with a particular emphasis on treatment and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabsik Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Yang ML, Kibbey RG, Mamula MJ. Biomarkers of autoimmunity and beta cell metabolism in type 1 diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028130. [PMID: 36389721 PMCID: PMC9647083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational protein modifications (PTMs) are an inherent response to physiological changes causing altered protein structure and potentially modulating important biological functions of the modified protein. Besides cellular metabolic pathways that may be dictated by PTMs, the subtle change of proteins also may provoke immune attack in numerous autoimmune diseases. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease destroying insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreatic islets, a result of tissue inflammation to specific autoantigens. This review summarizes how PTMs arise and the potential pathological consequence of PTMs, with particular focus on specific autoimmunity to pancreatic beta cells and cellular metabolic dysfunction in T1D. Moreover, we review PTM-associated biomarkers in the prediction, diagnosis and in monitoring disease activity in T1D. Finally, we will discuss potential preventive and therapeutic approaches of targeting PTMs in repairing or restoring normal metabolic pathways in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Yang
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Richard G. Kibbey
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mark J. Mamula
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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13
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CDK7/GRP78 signaling axis contributes to tumor growth and metastasis in osteosarcoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:4524-4536. [PMID: 36042349 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma derives from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells and is the most common primary bone malignancy. Therapeutic targeting of osteosarcoma has been unsuccessful; therefore, identifying novel osteosarcoma pathogenesis could offer new therapeutic options. CDK7 is a subunit within the general transcription factor TFIIH. We aim to explore the new mechanism by which CDK7 regulates osteosarcoma and our studies may provide new theoretical support for the use of CDK7 inhibitors in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the association between CDK7 and GRP78 in osteosarcoma. Specifically, we find that an E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 binds and targets GRP78 for ubiquitination and degradation, whereas CDK7 phosphorylates GRP78 at T69 to inhibit TRIM21 recruitment, leading to GRP78 stabilization. Notably, a CDK7-specific inhibitor, THZ1, blunts osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. Combination treatment with CDK7 and GRP78 inhibitors yield additive effects on osteosarcoma growth and progression inhibition. Thus, simultaneous suppression of CDK7 and GRP78 activity represents a potential new approach for the treatment of osteosarcoma. In conclusion, the discovery of this previously unknown CDK7/GRP78 signaling axis provides the molecular basis and the rationale to target human osteosarcoma.
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14
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Oxidative Stress, and Rheumatic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071306. [PMID: 35883795 PMCID: PMC9312221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multi-functional organelle responsible for cellular homeostasis, protein synthesis, folding and secretion. It has been increasingly recognized that the loss of ER homeostasis plays a central role in the development of autoimmune inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatic diseases. Purpose/Main contents: Here, we review current knowledge of the contribution of ER stress to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We also review the interplay between protein folding and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), where ER stress induces oxidative stress (OS), which further aggravates the accumulation of misfolded proteins and oxidation, in a vicious cycle. Intervention studies targeting ER stress and oxidative stress in the context of rheumatic diseases are also reviewed. Conclusions: Loss of ER homeostasis is a significant factor in the pathogeneses of RA and SLE. Targeting ER stress, unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways and oxidative stress in these diseases both in vitro and in animal models have shown promising results and deserve further investigation.
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15
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Gonzalez-Gronow M, Pizzo SV. Physiological Roles of the Autoantibodies to the 78-Kilodalton Glucose-Regulated Protein (GRP78) in Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061222. [PMID: 35740249 PMCID: PMC9219851 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), a member of the 70 kDa heat-shock family of molecular chaperones (HSP70), is essential for the regulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) resulting from cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. During ER stress, GRP78 evades retention mechanisms and is translocated to the cell surface (csGRP78) where it functions as an autoantigen. Autoantibodies to GRP78 appear in prostate, ovarian, gastric, malignant melanoma, and colorectal cancers. They are also found in autoimmune pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder (AMOGAD), Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), multiple sclerosis (MS), neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). In NMO, MS, and NPSLE these autoantibodies disrupt and move across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), facilitating their entry and that of other pathogenic antibodies to the brain. Although csGRP78 is common in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, there are major differences in the specificity of its autoantibodies. Here, we discuss how ER mechanisms modulate csGRP78 antigenicity and the production of autoantibodies, permitting this chaperone to function as a dual compartmentalized receptor with independent signaling pathways that promote either pro-proliferative or apoptotic signaling, depending on whether the autoantibodies bind csGRP78 N- or C-terminal regions.
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16
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Mahmoudi Z, Karamali N, Roghani SA, Assar S, Pournazari M, Soufivand P, Salari F, Rezaiemanesh A. Efficacy of DMARDs and methylprednisolone treatment on the gene expression levels of HSPA5, MMD, and non-coding RNAs MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p, and miR-1-3p, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108878. [PMID: 35623291 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease with chronic inflammation characterized by joint damage and even extra-articular involvement. In this study, the gene expression levels of MALAT1, H19 and their possible downstream microRNAs, miR-199a-5p, miR-1-3p, and the predicted targets of these miRNAs, HSPA5 and MMD, were examined. METHODS Twenty-five newly diagnosed RA patients and 25 healthy individuals were included. For six months, patients were treated with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and Methylprednisolone (mPRED). Blood samples were obtained from healthy controls and patients (before and after treatment). After RNA extraction, the RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the expression level of the studied genes. RESULTS Data showed that the expression level of MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p, and miR-1-3p was significantly higher in the newly diagnosed patients with RA than the healthy subjects, but the increase in the expression level of HSPA5 and MMD genes in the new cases was not significant compared to healthy controls. After treatment, except for the expression level of lncRNAs, the expression level of miRNAs, HSPA5, and MMD significantly increased. Based on ROC curve analysis of MALAT1, H19, miR-199a-5p and miR-1-3p have a high ability to identify patients from healthy individuals (AUC = 0.986, AUC = 0.995, AUC = 0.855, AUC = 0.675, respectively). CONCLUSION MALAT1 and H19 may be candidates as potential biomarkers for the discrimination between RA patients and controls. DMARDs plus mPRED therapy do not have a desirable effect on reducing inflammatory responses and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Karamali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Askar Roghani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shirin Assar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Pournazari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parviz Soufivand
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Salari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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17
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Chen J, Lynn EG, Yousof TR, Sharma H, MacDonald ME, Byun JH, Shayegan B, Austin RC. Scratching the Surface—An Overview of the Roles of Cell Surface GRP78 in Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051098. [PMID: 35625836 PMCID: PMC9138746 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) is considered an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident molecular chaperone that plays a crucial role in protein folding homeostasis by regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and inducing numerous proapoptotic and autophagic pathways within the eukaryotic cell. However, in cancer cells, GRP78 has also been shown to migrate from the ER lumen to the cell surface, playing a role in several cellular pathways that promote tumor growth and cancer cell progression. There is another insidious consequence elicited by cell surface GRP78 (csGRP78) on cancer cells: the accumulation of csGRP78 represents a novel neoantigen leading to the production of anti-GRP78 autoantibodies that can bind csGRP78 and further amplify these cellular pathways to enhance cell growth and mitigate apoptotic cell death. This review examines the current body of literature that delineates the mechanisms by which ER-resident GRP78 localizes to the cell surface and its consequences, as well as potential therapeutics that target csGRP78 and block its interaction with anti-GRP78 autoantibodies, thereby inhibiting further amplification of cancer cell progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Edward G. Lynn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Tamana R. Yousof
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Hitesh Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Melissa E. MacDonald
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Jae Hyun Byun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
| | - Bobby Shayegan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, The Research Institute of St. Joe′s Hamilton, McMaster University, ON L8N 4A6, Canada;
| | - Richard C. Austin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph′s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton Center for Kidney Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada; (J.C.); (E.G.L.); (T.R.Y.); (H.S.); (M.E.M.); (J.H.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-905-522-1155 (ext. 35175)
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18
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Wang D, He X, Zheng C, Wang C, Peng P, Gao C, Xu X, Ma Y, Liu M, Yang L, Luo Z. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:819139. [PMID: 35178406 PMCID: PMC8843852 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.819139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a global health issue. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of LBP. Although the explicit mechanisms underpinning IDD are unclear, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by aberrant unfolded or misfolded proteins may be involved. The accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins may result in reduced protein synthesis and promote aberrant protein degradation to recover ER function, a response termed the unfolded protein response. A growing body of literature has demonstrated the potential relationships between ER stress and the pathogenesis of IDD, indicating some promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of ER stress on the process of IDD, as well as some potential therapeutic strategies for alleviating disc degeneration by targeting different pathways to inhibit ER stress. This review will facilitate understanding the pathogenesis and progress of IDD and highlights potential therapeutic targets for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin He
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengzhe Wang
- Rehabilitation Department, Dongchangfu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Pandi Peng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chu Gao
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yachao Ma
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Chen X, Wang Y, Cai J, Wang S, Cheng Z, Zhang Z, Zhang C. Anti-inflammatory effect of baicalin in rats with adjuvant arthritis and its autophagy- related mechanism. Technol Health Care 2022; 30:191-200. [PMID: 35124596 PMCID: PMC9028621 DOI: 10.3233/thc-228018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It has been found that baicalin have anti-inflammatory effects since it reduces the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, it has also been shown that baicalin brings positive effects against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, little is observed on its beneficial effects on adjuvant arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To consider the anti-inflammatory influence of baicalin on adjuvant arthritis rats and its related autophagy mechanism. METHODS: In this research, there are six groups of rats, each has 10 rats in it. These groups are normal group (normal saline), model group (normal saline), dexamethasone group (0.125 mg/kg dexamethasone), low-dose baicalin group (50 mg/kg baicalin), medium-dose baicalin group (100 mg/kg baicalin) and high-dose baicalin group (200 mg/kg baicalin). The degrees of adjuvant-induced swelling in rats’ feet were measured every 4 days and the arthritis scores were calculated every 7 days. The inflamed joint tissues were taken after rats were sacrificed. The rat’ joints showed pathological changes, which were observed by HE staining. The relative expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1, IL-17, TNF-α, COX2, and COX1 in the rats’ snovial tissues were detected by RT-PCR. As for the expression levels of autophagy markers Beclin1, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, microtubule-associated protein-light chain3-II (LC3-II), Bcl-2, and Bax in the synovial tissue, they were discoverd by Western blot. RESULTS: Baicalin could significantly inhibit the inflammatory response of adjuvant arthritis rats. CONCLUSIONS: RT-PCR studies showed that the different doses of baicalin could inhibit the expression of TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1, IL-17, COX2 and COX1 in the synovial tissue (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Western blot studies showed that the different doses of baicalin could reduce the expression of Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, LC3-II, Beclin1 and Bcl-2 proteins, and increase the expression of Bax proteins in the synovial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- Mingzheng Forensic Identificaiton Centre of Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Zihao Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengxu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Chengyi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
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20
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Kozłowska H, Malinowska B, Baranowska-Kuczko M, Kusaczuk M, Nesterowicz M, Kozłowski M, Müller CE, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Schlicker E. GPR18-Mediated Relaxation of Human Isolated Pulmonary Arteries. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031427. [PMID: 35163351 PMCID: PMC8836012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR18 receptor protein was detected in the heart and vasculature and appears to play a functional role in the cardiovascular system. We investigated the effects of the new GPR18 agonists PSB-MZ-1415 and PSB-MZ-1440 and the new GPR18 antagonist PSB-CB-27 on isolated human pulmonary arteries (hPAs) and compared their effects with the previously proposed, but unconfirmed, GPR18 ligands NAGly, Abn-CBD (agonists) and O-1918 (antagonist). GPR18 expression in hPAs was shown at the mRNA level. PSB-MZ-1415, PSB-MZ-1440, NAGly and Abn-CBD fully relaxed endothelium-intact hPAs precontracted with the thromboxane A2 analog U46619. PSB-CB-27 shifted the concentration-response curves (CRCs) of PSB-MZ-1415, PSB-MZ-1440, NAGly and Abn-CBD to the right; O-1918 caused rightward shifts of the CRCs of PSB-MZ-1415 and NAGly. Endothelium removal diminished the potency and the maximum effect of PSB-MZ-1415. The potency of PSB-MZ-1415 or NAGly was reduced in male patients, smokers and patients with hypercholesterolemia. In conclusion, the novel GPR18 agonists, PSB-MZ-1415 and PSB-MZ-1440, relax hPAs and the effect is inhibited by the new GPR18 antagonist PSB-CB-27. GPR18, which appears to exhibit lower activity in hPAs from male, smoking or hypercholesterolemic patients, may become a new target for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (B.M.); (M.B.-K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-85-7485699
| | - Barbara Malinowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (B.M.); (M.B.-K.)
| | - Marta Baranowska-Kuczko
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (B.M.); (M.B.-K.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kusaczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Miłosz Nesterowicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M.C. Skłodowska 4A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Mirosław Kozłowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M.C. Skłodowska 4A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (M.K.)
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, PharmaCenter Bonn, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany;
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Eberhard Schlicker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
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21
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Echinacoside Upregulates Sirt1 to Suppress Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibit Extracellular Matrix Degradation In Vitro and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3137066. [PMID: 34777682 PMCID: PMC8580641 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3137066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive illness that destroys cartilage. Oxidative stress is a major contributor of OA, while endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the key cellular damage under oxidative stress in chondrocytes. Echinacoside (ECH) is the main extract and active substance of Cistanche, with potent antioxidative stress (OS) properties, and currently under clinical trials in China. However, its function in OA is yet to be determined. Purpose We aimed to explore the specific role of ECH in the occurrence and development of OA and its underlying mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Methods After the mice were anesthetized, the bilateral medial knee joint meniscus resection was performed to establish the DMM model. TBHP was used to induce oxidative stress to establish the OA model in chondrocytes in vitro. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to evaluate the level of ER stress-related biomarkers such as p-PERK/PERK, GRP78, ATF4, p-eIF2α/eIF2α, and CHOP and apoptosis-related proteins such as BAX, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Meanwhile, we used SO staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the pharmacological effects of ECH in mice in vivo. Results We demonstrated the effectiveness of ECH in suppressing ER stress and restoring ECM metabolism in vitro. In particular, ECH was shown to suppress tert-Butyl hydroperoxide- (TBHP-) induced OS and subsequently lower the levels of p-PERK/PERK, GRP78, ATF4, p-eIF2α/eIF2α, and CHOP in vitro. Simultaneously, ECH reduced MMP13 and ADAMTS5 levels and promoted Aggrecan and Collagen II levels, suggesting ECM degradation suppression. Moreover, we showed that ECH mediates its cellular effects via upregulation of Sirt1. Lastly, we confirmed that ECH can protect against OA in mouse OA models. Conclusion In summary, our findings indicate that ECH can inhibit ER stress and ECM degradation by upregulating Sirt1 in mouse chondrocytes treated with TBHP. It can also prevent OA development in vivo.
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22
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Payandeh Z, Pirpour Tazehkand A, Azargoonjahromi A, Almasi F, Alagheband Bahrami A. The Role of Cell Organelles in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Focus on Exosomes. Biol Proced Online 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 34736402 PMCID: PMC8567674 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Auto-immune diseases involved at least 25% of the population in wealthy countries. Several factors including genetic, epigenetic, and environmental elements are implicated in development of Rheumatoid Arthritis as an autoimmune disease. Autoantibodies cause synovial inflammation and arthritis, if left untreated or being under continual external stimulation, could result in chronic inflammation, joint injury, and disability. T- and B-cells, signaling molecules, proinflammatory mediators, and synovium-specific targets are among the new therapeutic targets. Exosomes could be employed as therapeutic vectors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Herein, the role of cell organelle particularly exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis had discussed and some therapeutic applications of exosome highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazehkand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Ge L, Song G, Zhang R, Li S, Shi H, Zhang H, Li Y, Pan J, Wang L, Han J. Azithromycin alleviates the severity of rheumatoid arthritis by targeting the UPR component GRP78. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1201-1219. [PMID: 34664264 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Azithromycin (AZM) is a macrolide antibiotic with well-described anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to substantiate the treatment potential of AZM in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Gene expression profiles were collected by RNA sequencing, and the effects of AZM were assessed in functional assays. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to examine the effects of AZM-mediated blockade of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Assays to define the anti-inflammatory activity of AZM using fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice were performed. Identification and characterization of the binding of AZM to GRP78 was performed using drug affinity responsive target stability assays, proteomics and cellular thermal shift assays. AZM-mediated inhibition of GRP78 and the dependence of the antiarthritic activity of AZM on GRP78 were assessed. KEY RESULTS AZM reduced proinflammatory factor production, cell migration, invasion and chemoattraction and enhanced apoptosis, thereby reducing the deleterious inflammatory response of RA FLSs in vitro. AZM ameliorated the severity of CIA lesions as efficiently as the anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) biological agent etanercept (ETC). Transcriptional analyses suggested that AZM treatment impairs signalling cascades associated with cholesterol and lipid biosynthetic processes. GRP78 was identified as a novel target of AZM. AZM-mediated activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) via the inhibition of GRP78 activity is required not only for inducing the expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (ChOP) but also for the activating sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) and its targeted genes involved in cholesterol and lipid biosynthetic processes. Furthermore, deletion of GRP78 abolished the antiarthritic activity of AZM. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings confirmed that AZM is a therapeutic drug for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Luna Ge
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guanhua Song
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ruojia Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Haojun Shi
- The second clinical medical college, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Association of the Adipokines Chemerin, Apelin, Vaspin and Omentin and Their Functional Genetic Variants with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11100976. [PMID: 34683117 PMCID: PMC8539350 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines were shown to exert crucial roles in rheumatic diseases. This study aimed to assess the role of chemerin, apelin, vaspin, and omentin adipokines and their genetic variants rs17173608, rs2235306, rs2236242, and rs2274907, respectively, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis in Egyptian patients. A total of 150 RA patients and 150 healthy individuals were recruited. Blood samples were collected and used for genotyping. Serum was separated and used for expression analysis by quantitative PCR, and various biochemical markers determination by ELISA. Serum protein levels of chemerin and vaspin, as well as their gene expression levels were higher, while those of apelin and omentin were lower in RA patients and were associated with most of RA clinical and laboratory characteristics. G allele of chemerin rs17173608, T allele of vaspin rs2236242, and T allele of omentin rs2274907 were more frequent in RA patients. Serum levels and gene expression levels of chemerin in GG genotype carriers and vaspin in TT genotype group were significantly higher, while those of omentin in TT genotype carriers were significantly lower than RA patients with other genotypes. There was no association between apelin rs2235306 and RA. Chemerin rs17173608, vaspin rs2236242, and omentin rs2274907 polymorphisms were associated with increased susceptibility to RA.
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Methotrexate and theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate synergistically restore the balance between apoptosis and autophagy in synovial fibroblast of RA: an ex vivo approach with cultured human RA FLS. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1427-1442. [PMID: 34350509 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imbalance between apoptosis and autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) is one of the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for their abnormal proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methotrexate (MTX) demonstrated limited efficacy in amending this imbalance in fluid-derived (fd)-FLS. The active compound of black tea Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF3) may be effective in restoring apoptosis-autophagy imbalance in (fd)-FLS. The combined effect of MTX + TF3 upon the same is yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of MTX + TF3 on fd-FLS to induce apoptosis and inhibit autophagy through Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress-mediated pathways. METHODS FLS from synovial fluid of 11 RA and 10 osteoarthritis patients were cultured after treatment with MTX/TF3 or a combination of MTX (125 nM) and TF3(10 µM) and the following parameters were evaluated. C-reactive protein, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), angiogenic markers were quantified by ELISA. fd-FLS viability was determined by MTT assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. ER stress markers were estimated by RT-PCR (IRE1A, spliced-XBP-1) and immunoblotting (Grp78, Hsp70, CHOP, HIF-1α). Immunoblot studies were done to evaluate apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspases) and autophagic (Beclin1, LC3b, p62) proteins. RESULTS MTX (IC25) and TF3 (IC50) both in single doses could down-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory and angiogenic markers. Combinatorial treatment modulated autophagosomal proteins in fd-FLS and induced apoptosis by regulating ER stress response. CONCLUSION Disruption in homeostasis between apoptosis and autophagy in fd-FLS might be an underlying phenomenon in the progression of pathophysiology in RA. Co-administration of MTX + TF3 successfully restored the homeostasis by inducing apoptosis.
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de Seabra Rodrigues Dias IR, Lo HH, Zhang K, Law BYK, Nasim AA, Chung SK, Wong VKW, Liu L. Potential therapeutic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105696. [PMID: 34052360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which affects about 0.5-1% of people with symptoms that significantly impact a sufferer's lifestyle. The cells involved in propagating RA tend to display pro-inflammatory and cancer-like characteristics. Medical drug treatment is currently the main avenue of RA therapy. However, drug options are limited due to severe side effects, high costs, insufficient disease retardation in a majority of patients, and therapeutic effects possibly subsiding over time. Thus there is a need for new drug therapies. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a condition due to accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, and subsequent cellular responses have been found to be involved in cancer and inflammatory pathologies, including RA. ER stress protein markers and their modulation have therefore been suggested as therapeutic targets, such as GRP78 and CHOP, among others. Some current RA therapeutic drugs have been found to have ER stress-modulating properties. Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) frequently use natural products that affect multiple body and cellular targets, and several medicines and/or their isolated compounds have been found to also have ER stress-modulating capabilities, including TCMs used in RA treatment by Chinese Medicine practitioners. This review encourages, in light of the available information, the study of these RA-treating, ER stress-modulating TCMs as potential new pharmaceutical drugs for use in clinical RA therapy, along with providing a list of other ER stress-modulating TCMs utilized in treatment of cancers, inflammatory diseases and other diseases, that have potential use in RA treatment given similar ER stress-modulating capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Ricardo de Seabra Rodrigues Dias
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hang Hong Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China
| | - Ali Adnan Nasim
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
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Choi Y, Lee EG, Jeong JH, Yoo WH. 4-Phenylbutyric acid, a potent endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor, attenuates the severity of collagen-induced arthritis in mice via inhibition of proliferation and inflammatory responses of synovial fibroblasts. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:604-615. [PMID: 33759334 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) exerts potent pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory properties, via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, it is not known whether 4-PBA attenuates the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. The present study aimed to determine whether the inhibition of ER stress by 4-PBA ameliorated experimentally induced arthritis. The proliferation of synovial fibroblasts (SFs) and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were evaluated in the presence of interleukin (IL)-1β with or without 4-PBA. The effect of 4-PBA on the phosphorylation of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the activation of Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in IL-1β-stimulated SFs was assessed. In an in vivo study, the effects of 4-PBA were investigated using DBA/1 mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Clinical, histological, and serological assessments of CIA treated with 4-PBA were performed to determine the therapeutic effect of 4-PBA. In vitro, 4-PBA inhibited the proliferation and expression of IL-1β-stimulated SFs and MMP-1 and MMP-3 through the suppression of both the phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-κB in IL-1β-stimulated SFs. The 4-PBA treatment markedly attenuated the severity of arthritis in CIA mice. The 4-PBA treatment ameliorated joint swelling and the degree of bone erosion and destruction and decreased the level of inflammatory cytokines and MMP-3 and Cox-2. Furthermore, remarkable improvements in histopathological findings occurred in 4-PBA-treated mice. These findings suggested that 4-PBA could attenuate the severity of arthritis in CIA mice by partially blocking the phosphorylation of MAPKs and the activation of NF-κB in SFs. Thus, through the inhibition of ER stress, 4-PBA may be a potent agent for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjung Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Gyeong Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Jeong
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Hee Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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28
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Li K, Yang P, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Cao H, Liu P, Huang B, Xu S, Lai P, Lei G, Liu J, Tang Y, Bai X, Zou Z. DEPTOR Prevents Osteoarthritis Development Via Interplay With TRC8 to Reduce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chondrocytes. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:400-411. [PMID: 32916025 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to promote chondrocyte apoptosis and osteoarthritis (OA) progression, but the precise mechanisms via which ER stress is modulated in OA remain unclear. Here we report that DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein (DEPTOR) negatively regulated ER stress and OA development independent of mTOR signaling. DEPTOR is ubiquitinated in articular chondrocytes and its expression is markedly reduced along with OA progression. Deletion of DEPTOR in chondrocytes significantly promoted destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) surgery-induced OA development, whereas intra-articular injection of lentivirus-expressing DEPTOR delayed OA progression in mice. Proteomics analysis revealed that DEPTOR interplayed with TRC8, which promoted TRC8 auto-ubiquitination and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in chondrocytes. Loss of DEPTOR led to TRC8 accumulation and excessive ER stress, with subsequent chondrocyte apoptosis and OA progression. Importantly, an inhibitor of ER stress eliminated chondrocyte DEPTOR deletion-exacerbated OA in mice. Together, these findings establish a novel mechanism essential for OA pathogenesis, where decreasing DEPTOR in chondrocytes during OA progression relieves the auto-ubiquitination of TRC8, resulting in TRC8 accumulation, excessive ER stress, and OA progression. Targeting this pathway has promising therapeutic potential for OA treatment. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Cao
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peilin Liu
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Orthopedics and Arthroplasty, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinglin Lai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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de Seny D, Bianchi E, Baiwir D, Cobraiville G, Collin C, Deliège M, Kaiser MJ, Mazzucchelli G, Hauzeur JP, Delvenne P, Malaise MG. Proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress are modulated in synovitis of osteoarthritis, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy and rheumatoid arthritis, and correlate with the histological inflammatory score. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14159. [PMID: 32887899 PMCID: PMC7473860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well recognized that osteoarthritis (OA) synovial membrane presents inflammatory components. The aim of this work is to provide evidence that similar inflammatory mechanisms exist in synovial membrane (n = 24) obtained from three pathologies presenting altogether an inflammatory gradient: OA, chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy (CPPA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial biopsies were first characterized by a histological score based on synovial hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, polymorphonuclear and macrophages. All biopsies were also analyzed by 2D-nano-UPLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap for protein identification and quantification. Protein levels were correlated with the histological score. Histological score was in the range of 3 to 8 for OA, 5 to 13 for CPPA and 12 to 17 for RA. Of the 4,336 proteins identified by mass spectrometry, 51 proteins were selected for their strong correlation (p < 0.001) with the histological score of which 11 proteins (DNAJB11, CALR, ERP29, GANAB, HSP90B1, HSPA1A, HSPA5, HYOU1, LMAN1, PDIA4, and TXNDC5) were involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Protein levels of S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly higher in RA compared to OA (for both) or to CPPA (for S100A8 only) and also significantly correlated with the histological score. Eighteen complement component proteins were identified, but only C1QB and C1QBP were weakly correlated with the histological score. This study highlights the inflammatory gradient existing between OA, CPPA and RA synovitis either at the protein level or at the histological level. Inflamed synovitis was characterized by the overexpression of ER stress proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique de Seny
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Elettra Bianchi
- Department of Pathology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Baiwir
- GIGA Proteomics Facility, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gaël Cobraiville
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Collin
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Mégane Deliège
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie-Joëlle Kaiser
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Unit Research, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Hauzeur
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel G Malaise
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, CHU Liege, Tour GIGA, +2, 4000, Liege, Belgium
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Geng M, Xu K, Meng L, Xu J, Jiang C, Guo Y, Ren X, Li X, Peng Y, Wang S, Huang F, Zhang J, Wang X, Zhu W, Lu S. Up-regulated DERL3 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes exacerbates inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Immunol 2020; 220:108579. [PMID: 32866644 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through affecting synoviocyte proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine production. The role of DERL3, an ER-associated degradation component, in joint inflammation of RA was explored. Synovial tissues from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients were collected, and in RA synovial tissue, DERL3 showed up-regulation and significantly positive correlation with the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1. Immunofluorescence result suggested DERL3 was located in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Among different inflammatory stimuli, DERL3 could be up-regulated by TNF-α stimulation in FLS. Under TNF-α stimulation, knocking down DERL3, the expression of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, MMP-13 was reduced and the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was inhibited. In pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) rat model, Derl3 was up-regulated in synovial tissue and disease was attenuated after intraarticular injection of siDerl3. Overall, we conclude that TNF-α inducing DERL3 expression promotes the inflammation of FLS through activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting DERL3 plays important roles in the pathogenesis of RA and is a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Geng
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Liesu Meng
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Congshan Jiang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanxu Guo
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ren
- Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yizhao Peng
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Si Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Fumeng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China.
| | - Shemin Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China.
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Genome-wide RNA interference screening reveals a COPI-MAP2K3 pathway required for YAP regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19994-20003. [PMID: 32747557 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915387117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional regulator YAP, which plays important roles in the development, regeneration, and tumorigenesis, is activated when released from inhibition by the Hippo kinase cascade. The regulatory mechanism of YAP in Hippo-low contexts is poorly understood. Here, we performed a genome-wide RNA interference screen to identify genes whose loss of function in a Hippo-null background affects YAP activity. We discovered that the coatomer protein complex I (COPI) is required for YAP nuclear enrichment and that COPI dependency of YAP confers an intrinsic vulnerability to COPI disruption in YAP-driven cancer cells. We identified MAP2K3 as a YAP regulator involved in inhibitory YAP phosphorylation induced by COPI subunit depletion. The endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway activated by COPI malfunction appears to connect COPI and MAP2K3. In addition, we provide evidence that YAP inhibition by COPI disruption may contribute to transcriptional up-regulation of PTGS2 and proinflammatory cytokines. Our study offers a resource for investigating Hippo-independent YAP regulation as a therapeutic target for cancers and suggests a link between YAP and COPI-associated inflammatory diseases.
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Yang X, Guo Q, Feng T, Lu Q, Ge L, Pan J, Bi K, Qiao L, Tian L, Xie T, Yao C, Song G, Wang L. IL13Rα1 protects against rheumatoid arthritis by combating the apoptotic resistance of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:184. [PMID: 32771038 PMCID: PMC7414989 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely related with the pathological progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are known as its resistance against ER stress-induced apoptosis. Studies on overcoming such resistance would provide a novel treatment strategy for RA in a clinical setting. Methods IL13Rα1 expression was assessed in the synovial tissue by RT-qPCR, immunohistology, and Western blot. Gain or loss of functional analysis was applied to evaluate the biological roles of IL13Rα1 in RA FLSs. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTS, Western blot, and flow cytometry. The therapeutic effects of IL13Rα1 on the severity of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA-/1 mouse model were evaluated by scoring synovitis, hyperplasia, cartilage degradation, and bone destruction. Results IL13Rα1 expression was selectively downregulated when RA FLSs were stimulated by ER stress inducers. Functionally, IL13Rα1 overexpression could inhibit the viability, but induce the apoptosis of RA FLSs in the presence of ER stress inducers. Mechanistically, IL13Rα1 promotes cell apoptosis via transcriptionally activating trail expression. Besides, IL13Rα1 could interact and stabilize DR5 protein, thus forming a positive loop involving trail and DR5 to render RA FLSs more susceptible to apoptosis. Additionally, intraarticular injection of IL13Rα1 conferred therapeutic effects in CIA models and showed a limited degree of synovial proliferation and joint destruction. Conclusions Together, our data establishes a regulatory role for IL13Rα1 to combat the apoptotic resistance of RA FLSs against ER stress. The inhibitory effects of IL13Rα1 on arthritis progression suggest the therapeutic potential in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingwei Guo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Qiqi Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, 250062, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Luna Ge
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Kehong Bi
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Qiao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianhua Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengfang Yao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Guanhua Song
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Jinan, 250062, China.
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Alzamil NM, Alradini FA, Al-Ani B, Younes S, Fahad Saja M, Kamar SS, Dawood AF. Inhibition of GSK3β protects against collagen type II-induced arthritis associated with a decrease in synovial leukocyte infiltration and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy biomarkers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1393-1401. [PMID: 32181909 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We sought to determine whether TDZD-8, the inhibitor of the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), can protect the synovial membrane of the knee joint against injuries induced by collagen type II immunization (CIA) possibly via the downregulation of synovial leukocyte infiltration, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy. The model group of rats (CIA) were immunized over a period of 3 weeks with collagen type II, whereas the treated group of rats (CIA + TDZD-8) were treated with TDZD-8 (1 mg/kg) for 21 days after the completion of the immunization regimen. All rats were then killed at week 6. Harvested synovial tissues were prepared for immunohistochemistry staining, and synovial homogenates were assayed for biomarkers of ERS, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell survival and proliferation. In addition, blood samples were assayed for biomarkers of arthritis. Synovial tissue images showed that CIA enhanced leukocyte recruitment as demonstrated by an increased CD45+ (leukocyte common antigen) immunostaining, which was markedly decreased by TDZD-8. TDZD-8 also significantly (P < .05) inhibited collagen-induced autophagy biomarkers Beclin-1 and LC3II, the ERS biomarkers GRP-78, IRE1-α, XBPIs, and eIF2a, and the survival protein Bcl-2. Whereas, the collagen-induced proliferative biomarkers Akt and mTOR were not inhibited by TDZD-8, and CIA inhibited the apoptotic proteins CHOP and cleaved caspase-3, which were augmented by TDZD-8. We further demonstrated a significant (P < .05) correlation between autoantibodies generated during the course of arthritis and biomarkers of ERS and autophagy. We conclude that TDZD-8 inhibits CIA and decreases synovial leukocyte infiltration, ERS, and autophagy, which is independent of Akt/mTOR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah M Alzamil
- Department of Clinical Science, Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten A Alradini
- Department of Clinical Science, Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahjat Al-Ani
- Department of Physiology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheren Younes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Maha Fahad Saja
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samaa S Kamar
- Department of Medical Histology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal F Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Anspach L, Tsaryk R, Seidmann L, Unger RE, Jayasinghe C, Simiantonaki N, Kirkpatrick CJ, Pröls F. Function and mutual interaction of BiP-, PERK-, and IRE1α-dependent signalling pathways in vascular tumours. J Pathol 2020; 251:123-134. [PMID: 32166747 DOI: 10.1002/path.5423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneously regressing infantile haemangiomas and aggressive angiosarcomas are vascular tumours with excessive angiogenesis. When analysing haemangiomas and angiosarcomas immunohistochemically with respect to their chaperone profiles we found that angiosarcomas have significantly elevated protein levels of binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and PERK with concomitant attenuated IRE1α levels, whereas haemangioma tissue exhibits the same pattern as embryonal skin tissue. We show that BiP is essential for the maintenance of VEGFR2 protein, which is expressed in the endothelium of both tumour types. When studying the effects of BiP, the IRE1α/Xbp1 -, and PERK/ATF4-signalling pathways on the migration and tube-forming potential of endothelial cells, we show that downregulation of BiP, as well as inhibition of the kinase activity of IRE1α, inhibit in vitro angiogenesis. Downregulation of PERK (PKR-like kinase; PKR = protein kinase R) levels promotes Xbp1 splicing in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stressed cells, indicating that in angiosarcoma the elevated PERK levels might result in high levels of unspliced Xbp1, which have been reported to promote cell proliferation and increase tumour malignancy. The data presented in this study revealed that in addition to BiP or PERK, the kinase domains of IRE1α and Xbp1 could be potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for treating angiosarcomas and to control tumour angiogenesis. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Anspach
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roman Tsaryk
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Larissa Seidmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ronald E Unger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caren Jayasinghe
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Dr. Wisplinghoff, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Felicitas Pröls
- Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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da Silva DC, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Pereira DM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in cancer and neurodegenerative disorders: Tools and strategies to understand its complexity. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104702. [PMID: 32068119 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) comprises a network of tubules and vesicles that constitutes the largest organelle of the eukaryotic cell. Being the location where most proteins are synthesized and folded, it is crucial for the upkeep of cellular homeostasis. Disturbed ER homeostasis triggers the activation of a conserved molecular machinery, termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), that comprises three major signaling branches, initiated by the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Given the impact of this intricate signaling network upon an extensive list of cellular processes, including protein turnover and autophagy, ER stress is involved in the onset and progression of multiple diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. There is, for this reason, an increasing number of publications focused on characterizing and/or modulating ER stress, which have resulted in a wide array of techniques employed to study ER-related molecular events. This review aims to sum up the essentials on the current knowledge of the molecular biology of endoplasmic reticulum stress, while highlighting the available tools used in studies of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Correia da Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal.
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes inflammation-mediated proteolytic activity at the ocular surface. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2216. [PMID: 32042069 PMCID: PMC7010695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence implicates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Here, we demonstrate that the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα stimulates matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) at the ocular surface through a c-Fos-dependent mechanism of ER stress. We found positive reactivity of the molecular chaperone BiP/GRP78 in conjunctival epithelium of patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and increased levels of BiP/GRP78, sXBP1 and GRP94 in human corneal epithelial cells treated with TNFα. Pharmacological blockade of ER stress in vitro using dexamethasone or the chemical chaperones TUDCA and 4PBA attenuated MMP9 expression and secretion in the presence of TNFα. Moreover, expression analysis of genes associated with inflammation and autoimmunity identified the c-Fos proto-oncogene as a mediator of ER stress responses in epithelial cells. Substantially less TNFα-induced MMP9 expression occurred when c-Fos signaling was suppressed with a function-blocking antibody. Taken together, these results indicate that activation of ER stress contributes to promote inflammation-mediated proteolytic activity and uncovers a target for restoring tissue homeostasis in ocular autoimmune disease.
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Sabirli R, Koseler A, Mansur N, Zeytunluoglu A, Sabirli GT, Turkcuer I, Kilic ID. Predictive Value of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Markers in Low Ejection Fractional Heart Failure. In Vivo 2020; 33:1581-1592. [PMID: 31471408 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Heart failure is a crucial health problem that affects 23 million people worldwide, causes approximately 2.4 million people to be hospitalized every year in the USA, and leads to the death of more than 300,000 people. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of ER stress markers and the predictive value of acute decompensated heart failure in patients with low ejection fraction heart failure (ADHF). PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a prospective case control study. The data included laboratory parameters pertaining to patients with ADHF in the emergency service and lipid parameters obtained during their admission to the hospital. In addition, the same parameters obtained from the control group patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) during their routine polyclinic control were recorded in the data set. Admission time to the hospital and length of hospital stay were included in the data. The levels of glucose regulated protein (GRP78), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in peripheral blood serum obtained from the patients and the control group were measured using the ELISA method. RESULTS Serum GRP78 concentration was lower in the HF group (p=0.003) compared to the control. The median value of serum PERK concentration in the HF group was higher than that of the control group (573 pg/ml, IQR=477.5-650 vs. 495.5 pg/ml, IQR=294-648, respectively) (p=0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences in GRP78 and PERK serum concentrations between ADHF and CHF subgroups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed greater area under the curve (AUC) for the serum GRP78 levels of the healthy individuals (AUC=0.748, 95% CI=0.681-0.814, p=0.0003). The serum GRP78 level was found to be 80% sensitive and 70% specific at 147.5 pg/ml (p=0.0003) for distinguishing healthy individuals from HF patients. In the ADHF subgroup, there was a moderate correlation between hospitalization time and serum CHOP concentrations (Spearman rho=0.586 and p=0.001). CONCLUSION High GRP78 serum concentration may protect the patient from ER stress. In addition, the serum PERK level is high in patients with HF, whereas it is insufficient in predicting acute decompensation. CHOP may be useful in predicting the length of hospital stay in patients with ADHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Sabirli
- Servergazi State Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Aylin Koseler
- Department of Biophysics, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Nesteren Mansur
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zeytunluoglu
- Department of Electronic and Automation, Denizli Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Ibrahim Turkcuer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ismail Dogu Kilic
- Department of Cardiology, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli, Turkey
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Lu Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Tian R, Qiao L, Ge L, Pan J, Wang L. TXNDC5 protects synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis from the detrimental effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2020; 9:23-29. [PMID: 32201671 PMCID: PMC7062600 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2019.01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
TXNDC5 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone that protects the endothelium from secondary effects of ER stress. Previous studies by the current authors identified TXNDC5 as a key pathological factor in promoting the inflammatory phenotype of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its activity in RA FLSs under ER stress remains unclear. The current study found that TXNDC5 is responsive to ER stress in RA FLSs since its expression was induced by ER stress at both the endogenous and secretory level. A functional study indicated that silencing TXNDC5 reduced the viability of RA FLSs more markedly in the presence of ER stressors. In contrast, rhTXNDC5 attenuated a decrease in cell viability as a result of ER stress. Moreover, silencing TXNDC5 attenuated the induction of IL-6 and IL-8 from RA FLSs in response to ER stress. In addition, rhTXNDC5 induced a greater increase in VEGF production during ER stress. These findings confirm the pro-survival and pro-inflammation roles of TXNDC5 under ER stress in RA FLSs. TXNDC5 appears to act as a mediator linking ER stress and inflammation of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Ji'nan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Graduate Education Centre of the Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruisong Tian
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Qiao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Luna Ge
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of the Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
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Choi MY, Kwon JW. Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:1640162. [PMID: 32185233 PMCID: PMC7060450 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1640162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We identified the associations between levels of aqueous glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and systemic or ocular factors in patients with center-involving diabetic macular edema (CIDME). METHODS We measured the aqueous concentrations of GRP78, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17, placental growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We explored the associations between aqueous GRP78 levels and those of other aqueous factors, optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and systemic parameters in CIDME patients. RESULTS In multivariate regression analysis, aqueous GRP78 levels were associated with aqueous VEGF levels (p = 0.007), length of EZ disruption (p = 0.007), length of EZ disruption (p = 0.007), length of EZ disruption (p = 0.007), length of EZ disruption (. CONCLUSIONS Aqueous GRP78 levels correlated with VEGF levels in the aqueous humor and EZ disruption on OCT. However, GRP78 levels were not associated with those of inflammatory biomarkers in the aqueous humor or OCT findings. Additionally, GRP78 could not serve as a biomarker to predict short-term prognosis of anti-VEGF agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-woo Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
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Mechanisms Underlying Bone Loss Associated with Gut Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246323. [PMID: 31847438 PMCID: PMC6940820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with gastrointestinal diseases frequently suffer from skeletal abnormality, characterized by reduced bone mineral density, increased fracture risk, and/or joint inflammation. This pathological process is characterized by altered immune cell activity and elevated inflammatory cytokines in the bone marrow microenvironment due to disrupted gut immune response. Gastrointestinal disease is recognized as an immune malfunction driven by multiple factors, including cytokines and signaling molecules. However, the mechanism by which intestinal inflammation magnified by gut-residing actors stimulates bone loss remains to be elucidated. In this article, we discuss the main risk factors potentially contributing to intestinal disease-associated bone loss, and summarize current animal models, illustrating gut-bone axis to bridge the gap between intestinal inflammation and skeletal disease.
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Kokubun H, Jin H, Aoe T. Pathogenic Effects of Impaired Retrieval between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225614. [PMID: 31717602 PMCID: PMC6888596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular activities, such as growth and secretion, are dependent on correct protein folding and intracellular protein transport. Injury, like ischemia, malnutrition, and invasion of toxic substances, affect the folding environment in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER senses this information, following which cells adapt their response to varied situations through the unfolded protein response. Activation of the KDEL receptor, resulting from the secretion from the ER of chaperones containing the KDEL sequence, plays an important role in this adaptation. The KDEL receptor was initially shown to be necessary for the retention of KDEL sequence-containing proteins in the ER. However, it has become clear that the activated KDEL receptor also regulates bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi complex, as well as from the Golgi to the secretory pathway. In addition, it has been suggested that the signal for KDEL receptor activation may also affect several other cellular activities. In this review, we discuss KDEL receptor-mediated bidirectional transport and signaling and describe disease models and human diseases related to KDEL receptor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kokubun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hisayo Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Aoe
- Department of Medicine, Pain Center, Chiba Medical Center, Teikyo University, Ichihara 299-0111, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-436-62-1211
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Song G, Feng T, Zhao R, Lu Q, Diao Y, Guo Q, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Ge L, Pan J, Wang L, Han J. CD109 regulates the inflammatory response and is required for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1632-1641. [PMID: 31455659 PMCID: PMC6900259 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CD109 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target. Methods CD109 expression was examined in synovial tissues and FLSs from RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model mice. CD109-deficient mice were developed to evaluate the severity of CIA. Small interfering RNAs and a neutralising antibody against CD109 (anti-CD109) were designed for functional or treatment studies in RA FLSs and CIA. Results CD109 was found to be abundantly expressed in the synovial tissues from RA patients and CIA mice. CD109 expression in RA FLSs was upregulated by inflammatory stimuli, such as interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α. Silencing of CD109 or anti-CD109 treatment reduced proinflammatory factor production, cell migration, invasion, chemoattractive potential and osteoclast differentiation, thereby reducing the deleterious inflammatory response of RA FLSs in vitro. Mice lacking CD109 were protected against arthritis in the CIA model. Anti-CD109 treatment prevented the onset and ameliorated the severity of CIA lesions. Conclusion Our study uncovers an antiarthritic role for CD109 and suggests that CD109 inhibition might serve as a promising novel therapeutic strategy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Song
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Qiqi Lu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yutao Diao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qingwei Guo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuang Zhang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Luna Ge
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Key Lab for Biotechnology Drugs of Ministry of Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Placental growth factor regulates the generation of T H17 cells to link angiogenesis with autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1348-1359. [PMID: 31406382 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helper T cells actively communicate with adjacent cells by secreting soluble mediators, yet crosstalk between helper T cells and endothelial cells remains poorly understood. Here we found that placental growth factor (PlGF), a homolog of the vascular endothelial growth factor that enhances an angiogenic switch in disease, was selectively secreted by the TH17 subset of helper T cells and promoted angiogenesis. Interestingly, the 'angio-lymphokine' PlGF, in turn, specifically induced the differentiation of pathogenic TH17 cells by activating the transcription factor STAT3 via binding to its receptors and replaced the activity of interleukin-6 in the production of interleukin-17, whereas it suppressed the generation of regulatory T cells. Moreover, T cell-derived PlGF was required for the progression of autoimmune diseases associated with TH17 differentiation, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and collagen-induced arthritis, in mice. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the PlGF-dictated links among angiogenesis, TH17 cell development and autoimmunity.
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Zaiss MM, Hall C, McGowan NWA, Babb R, Devlia V, Lucas S, Meghji S, Henderson B, Bozec A, Schett G, David JP, Panayi GS, Grigoriadis AE, Corrigall VM. Binding Immunoglobulin Protein (BIP) Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Systemic Bone Loss in an Erosive Arthritis Model. ACR Open Rheumatol 2019; 1:382-393. [PMID: 31777818 PMCID: PMC6857990 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between inflammation and dysregulated bone remodeling is apparent in rheumatoid arthritis and is recapitulated in the human tumor necrosis factor transgenic (hTNFtg) mouse model. We investigated whether extracellular binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) would protect the hTNFtg mouse from both inflammatory arthritis as well as extensive systemic bone loss and whether BiP had direct antiosteoclast properties in vitro. Methods hTNFtg mice received a single intraperitoneal administration of BiP at onset of arthritis. Clinical disease parameters were measured weekly. Bone analysis was performed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry. Mouse bone marrow macrophage and human peripheral blood monocyte precursors were used to study the direct effect of BiP on osteoclast differentiation and function in vitro. Monocyte and osteoclast signaling was analyzed by Western blotting, flow cytometry, and imaging flow cytometry. Results BiP-treated mice showed reduced inflammation and cartilage destruction, and histomorphometric analysis revealed a decrease in osteoclast number with protection from systemic bone loss. Abrogation of osteoclast function was also observed in an ex vivo murine calvarial model. BiP inhibited differentiation of osteoclast precursors and prevented bone resorption by mature osteoclasts in vitro. BiP also induced downregulation of CD115/c-Fms and Receptor Activator of NF-κB (RANK) messenger RNA and protein, causing reduced phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and p38, with suppression of essential osteoclast transcription factors, c-Fos and NFATc1. BiP directly inhibited TNF-α- or Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL)-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation in THP-1 monocytic cells and preosteoclasts by the canonical and noncanonical pathways. Conclusion BiP combines an anti-inflammatory function with antiosteoclast activity, which establishes it as a potential novel therapeutic for inflammatory disorders associated with bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario M Zaiss
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Sébastien Lucas
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Sajeda Meghji
- UCL-Eastman Dental Institute University College London London UK
| | - Brian Henderson
- UCL-Eastman Dental Institute University College London London UK
| | - Aline Bozec
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre David
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, and Institute of Osteology and Biomechanics (IOBM) University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
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Ahmadiany M, Alavi-Samani M, Hashemi Z, Moosavi MA, Rahmati M. The Increased RNase Activity of IRE1α in PBMCs from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:505-509. [PMID: 31592115 PMCID: PMC6773928 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this
inflammatory disease remains a challenge to patients and physicians. Recent evidence highlights
the contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathogenesis and treatment of RA.
Herein, we study the expression of the ER stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α),
as well as XBP1 splicing and the regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD), in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with RA compared with healthy controls.
Methods: The PBMCs from blood samples of RA patients and healthy volunteers were isolated
by a density gradient centrifugation method using Ficoll. The gene expression levels of
GRP78/
Bip, IRE1, XBP1s, micro-RNAs (miRNAs)
were evaluated by real-time PCR.
Results: The expression of GRP78, IRE1, and XBP1s were increased in PBMCs of RA patients
compared with healthy controls. We further show that the RIDD targets (miRNA-17, -34a, -96,
and -125b) were downregulated in RA samples.
Conclusion: This study can expand our knowledge on the importance of RNase activity of
IRE1α in RA and may offer new potentials for developing novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic
biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Ahmadiany
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (IAUPS)
| | - Mahshid Alavi-Samani
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (IAUPS)
| | - Zahra Hashemi
- Department of Rheumatology, Imam Hossein Teaching Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P.O Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hameister R, Lohmann CH, Dheen ST, Singh G, Kaur C. Bone biology in postnatal Wistar rats following hypoxia-reoxygenation. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:111-124. [PMID: 31268167 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia response pathways have a central role in normal and abnormal bone biology but the effect of systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation on bone is not clear. Following hypoxic exposure, aberrant synthesis, folding and trafficking of proteins has been reported to occur, which can result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and may finally cause cell death. This study aimed to examine the effect of systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation injury on bone biology in postnatal rats. Immunoexpression of HIF-1α and VEGF was upregulated in femurs of newborn Wistar rats in response to systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation. Along with that, increased apoptosis of osteoblast precursors, osteoblasts, osteocytes and endothelial cells was observed in comparison to femurs of control animals by transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL staining and immunoexpression of cleaved caspase-3. The viability of osteoclasts was not affected. After hypoxia-reoxygenation, ER stress was observed in the osteoblasts and osteocytes as indicated by dilatation of the ER and enhanced immunoexpression of the ER stress marker GRP78. Localisation of collagen α1 immunoreaction was widespread in the bone matrix of control femurs but was confined to the osteoblasts and osteocytes in response to hypoxia-reoxygenation. In support of these findings, in vitro work showed reduced viability of osteoblast-like SaOs-2 cells and upregulation of GRP78 protein expression in them by western blotting following exposure to hypoxia. This suggests that systemic hypoxia-reoxygenation may disturb bone biology in postnatal Wistar rats by inducing ER stress and apoptosis in osteoblasts and osteocytes, without affecting the viability of osteoclasts. More in-depth research is needed to confirm causality between ER stress and apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Hameister
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gurpal Singh
- University Orthopaedics, Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Veyssiere M, Perea J, Michou L, Boland A, Caloustian C, Olaso R, Deleuze JF, Cornelis F, Petit-Teixeira E, Chaudru V. A novel nonsense variant in SUPT20H gene associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis identified by Whole Exome Sequencing of multiplex families. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213387. [PMID: 30845214 PMCID: PMC6405192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The triggering and development of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is conditioned by environmental and genetic factors. Despite the identification of more than one hundred genetic variants associated with the disease, not all the cases can be explained. Here, we performed Whole Exome Sequencing in 9 multiplex families (N = 30) to identify rare variants susceptible to play a role in the disease pathogenesis. We pre-selected 77 genes which carried rare variants with a complete segregation with RA in the studied families. Follow-up linkage and association analyses with pVAAST highlighted significant RA association of 43 genes (p-value < 0.05 after 106 permutations) and pinpointed their most likely causal variant. We re-sequenced the 10 most significant likely causal variants (p-value ≤ 3.78*10-3 after 106 permutations) in the extended pedigrees and 9 additional multiplex families (N = 110). Only one SNV in SUPT20H: c.73A>T (p.Lys25*), presented a complete segregation with RA in an extended pedigree with early-onset cases. In summary, we identified in this study a new variant associated with RA in SUPT20H gene. This gene belongs to several biological pathways like macro-autophagy and monocyte/macrophage differentiation, which contribute to RA pathogenesis. In addition, these results showed that analyzing rare variants using a family-based approach is a strategy that allows to identify RA risk loci, even with a small dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Veyssiere
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Javier Perea
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Laetitia Michou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, QC, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Christophe Caloustian
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Robert Olaso
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - François Cornelis
- GenHotel-Auvergne—Auvergne University, Genetic Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Valérie Chaudru
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
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Effect of binding immunoglobulin protein on induction of regulatory B cells with killer phenotype during inflammation and disease. Future Sci OA 2019; 5:FSO379. [PMID: 30906571 PMCID: PMC6426174 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2018-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses result from different immune cells acting in synergy to successfully fight infections. This requires a high degree of regulation to prevent excessive production of inflammatory products leading to other disease forms. Regulatory B cells are classified based on surface immunoglobulin expression. These cells are reported to resolve inflammation during chronic or autoimmune diseases. However, during chronic inflammation, their frequencies have been shown to be affected, and they can be induced by exposure to extracellular binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP). This review focuses on the effects on immune cells by extracellular or secreted BiP during various chronic inflammatory responses. For example, cell stress associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection leads to accumulation of unfolded proteins that subsequently activate BiP and its three signal transducers intracellularly. Furthermore, BiP can be translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum to the extracellular environment where it binds immune cells as an autoantigen and leads to functional changes. Immune responses during tuberculosis disease require balanced cell interactions. These include antigen-presenting cells, effector cells and regulatory cells. B lymphocytes can mediate regulatory function during chronic diseases and lead to better disease outcome. These specialized cells mediate this function through both surface and soluble protein expression. Their development can be facilitated by different stimuli including binding immunoglobulin protein. This protein resides in the endoplasmic reticulum where it functions in proper protein folding; however, it can escape this location to the extracellular phase, where it affects immune cell function leading to development of regulatory traits on B cells.
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Motaung B, Walzl G, Loxton AG. The level of the endoplasmic reticulum stress chaperone protein, binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), decreases following successful tuberculosis treatment. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 81:198-202. [PMID: 30684743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased Mycobacterium tuberculosis burden inside the host leads to higher demand of response proteins. This in turn results in metabolic shift and cellular stress, which is caused by the accumulation and trafficking of these proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To resolve this, cells trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is mainly mediated by binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP)/glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) chaperone, and this in turn upregulates its transcription. This chaperone protein facilitates proper protein folding within the ER; however, it can also be passively secreted into the extracellular environment or be expressed on cell surfaces attached to anchor proteins and transmembrane proteins. This notion has been shown in studies on chronic inflammation, including cancer and arthritis, with the detection of BiP-specific antibodies from different sample types. The present study analysed secreted BiP from plasma samples collected from healthy participants and patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TBdx), seen over the course of TB treatment at week 1 (W1), month 2 (M2), and month 6 (M6). The results revealed that during the initial TB disease and treatment period, cells are subjected to stress conditions resulting in metabolic shifts, which lead to the secretion of the intracellular UPR-mediating chaperone protein, BiP. This was indicated by mean differences between TBdx (mean 40.88ng/ml) and W1 (68.57ng/ml) in the TB participant groups. However, no difference was observed between the healthy group (mean 42.64ng/ml) and TBdx group (mean 40.88ng/ml). Analysis of paired time-point visits revealed increased BiP secretion during early TB treatment. The detection of BiP in plasma samples was found to decrease after successful TB treatment to levels comparable to those in the healthy controls. Evaluation of BiP levels in larger TB treatment studies may lead to the identification of a new target for early TB diagnosis and host-directed immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongani Motaung
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000 South Africa
| | - Andre G Loxton
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000 South Africa.
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Abstract
In this study, we explored the presence and elevation of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in aqueous humor of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).After comparing DME patients with the controls, we analyzed GRP78 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in DME patients. We examined factors associated with GRP78 levels in DME patients.GRP78 was detected in aqueous humor with elevated levels in DME patients. Stepwise backward regression analysis showed that GRP78 levels were associated with the VEGF levels and the duration of diabetes (P < .001 and P = .002, respectively). However, no statistical significance was observed between GRP78 levels and the decrease in CST following 3 monthly anti-VEGF treatments in univariate regression analysis (P = .695).We showed that GRP78 is elevated in DME patients. In addition, there is a correlation between GRP78 and VEGF levels in aqueous humor. However, GRP78 levels were not associated with the responsiveness of anti-VEGF in DME patients.
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