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Weston WA, Holt JA, Wiecek AJ, Pilling J, Schiavone LH, Smith DM, Secrier M, Barr AR. An image-based screen for secreted proteins involved in breast cancer G0 cell cycle arrest. Sci Data 2024; 11:868. [PMID: 39127790 PMCID: PMC11316812 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted proteins regulate the balance between cellular proliferation and G0 arrest and therefore play important roles in tumour dormancy. Tumour dormancy presents a significant clinical challenge for breast cancer patients, where non-proliferating, G0-arrested cancer cells remain at metastatic sites, below the level of clinical detection, some of which can re-enter proliferation and drive tumour relapse. Knowing which secreted proteins can regulate entry into and exit from G0 allows us to manipulate their signalling to prevent tumour relapse. To identify novel secreted proteins that can promote breast cancer G0 arrest, we performed a secretome-wide, image-based screen for proteins that increase the fraction of cells in G0 arrest. From a secretome library of 1282 purified proteins, we identified 29 candidates that promote G0 arrest in non-transformed and transformed breast epithelial cells. The assay we have developed can be adapted for use in other perturbation screens in other cell types. All datasets have been made available for re-analysis and our candidate proteins are presented for alternative bioinformatic refinement or further experimental follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Weston
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Jordan A Holt
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Anna J Wiecek
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - James Pilling
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | | | - David M Smith
- Emerging Innovation Unit, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Maria Secrier
- UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexis R Barr
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK.
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2
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Liu Y, Chen H, Chen T, Qiu G, Han Y. The emerging role of osteoclasts in the treatment of bone metastases: rationale and recent clinical evidence. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1445025. [PMID: 39148909 PMCID: PMC11324560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1445025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of bone metastasis is a grave medical concern that substantially impacts the quality of life in patients with cancer. The precise mechanisms underlying bone metastasis remain unclear despite extensive research efforts, and efficacious therapeutic interventions are currently lacking. The ability of osteoclasts to degrade the bone matrix makes them a crucial factor in the development of bone metastasis. Osteoclasts are implicated in several aspects of bone metastasis, encompassing the formation of premetastatic microenvironment, suppression of the immune system, and reactivation of quiescent tumor cells. Contemporary clinical interventions targeting osteoclasts have proven effective in mitigating bone-related symptoms in patients with cancer. This review comprehensively analyzes the mechanistic involvement of osteoclasts in bone metastasis, delineates potential therapeutic targets associated with osteoclasts, and explores clinical evidence regarding interventions targeting osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Huanshi Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Guowen Qiu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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3
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Wilkinson EJ, Raspin K, Malley RC, Donovan S, Nott LM, Holloway AF, Dickinson JL. WNT5A is a putative epi-driver of prostate cancer metastasis to the bone. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70122. [PMID: 39164966 PMCID: PMC11335815 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current diagnostic tools are unable to distinguish low-grade indolent prostate cancer (PrCa) from that with a propensity to become metastatic and/or lethal. Recent evidence suggests that reprogramming of the transcriptome may drive the metastatic phenotype, and that this reprogramming is controlled, at least in part, by epigenetic changes to the DNA of cancer cells, including methylation. These changes, referred to as 'epigenetic drivers,' have previously been associated with cancer cell survival. METHODS Here, using Illumina Methylation EPIC array data of paired primary PrCa and metastatic bone samples, we identified WNT5A as a putative epi-driver of PrCa metastasis to the bone, which was further validated in vitro. RESULTS Significantly higher WNT5A methylation was observed in primary PrCa samples and 22Rv1 cells compared to metastatic bone samples and PC-3 cells. This higher methylation was associated with significantly lower WNT5A gene expression. CONCLUSION Given the limited effective therapies available for metastatic cancer sufferers, particularly those whose disease has metastasised to the bone, WNT5A presents as a potential putative target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J. Wilkinson
- Tasmanian School of MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Kelsie Raspin
- Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Roslyn C. Malley
- Tasmanian School of MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Anatomical PathologyRoyal Hobart HospitalHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Diagnostic ServicesSonic HealthcareHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Shaun Donovan
- Diagnostic ServicesSonic HealthcareHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Louise M. Nott
- Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Icon Cancer CentreHobartTasmaniaAustralia
- Oncology and HaematologyRoyal Hobart HospitalHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Adele F. Holloway
- Tasmanian School of MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Joanne L. Dickinson
- Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
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4
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Alhasan BA, Morozov AV, Guzhova IV, Margulis BA. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in the regulation of tumor dormancy and recurrence. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189119. [PMID: 38761982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence is a mechanism triggered in sparse populations of cancer cells that usually remain in a quiescent state after strict stress and/or therapeutic factors, which is affected by a variety of autocrine and microenvironmental cues. Despite thorough investigations, the biology of dormant and/or cancer stem cells is still not fully elucidated, as for the mechanisms of their reawakening, while only the major molecular patterns driving the relapse process have been identified to date. These molecular patterns profoundly interfere with the elements of cellular proteostasis systems that support the efficiency of the recurrence process. As a major proteostasis machinery, we review the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in tumor cell dormancy and reawakening, devoting particular attention to the functions of its components, E3 ligases, deubiquitinating enzymes and proteasomes in cancer recurrence. We demonstrate how UPS components functionally or mechanistically interact with the pivotal proteins implicated in the recurrence program and reveal that modulators of the UPS hold promise to become an efficient adjuvant therapy for eradicating refractory tumor cells to impede tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar A Alhasan
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexey V Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina V Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
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5
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Jakab M, Lee KH, Uvarovskii A, Ovchinnikova S, Kulkarni SR, Jakab S, Rostalski T, Spegg C, Anders S, Augustin HG. Lung endothelium exploits susceptible tumor cell states to instruct metastatic latency. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:716-730. [PMID: 38308117 PMCID: PMC11136671 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
In metastasis, cancer cells travel around the circulation to colonize distant sites. Due to the rarity of these events, the immediate fates of metastasizing tumor cells (mTCs) are poorly understood while the role of the endothelium as a dissemination interface remains elusive. Using a newly developed combinatorial mTC enrichment approach, we provide a transcriptional blueprint of the early colonization process. Following their arrest at the metastatic site, mTCs were found to either proliferate intravascularly or extravasate, thereby establishing metastatic latency. Endothelial-derived angiocrine Wnt factors drive this bifurcation, instructing mTCs to follow the extravasation-latency route. Surprisingly, mTC responsiveness towards niche-derived Wnt was established at the epigenetic level, which predetermined tumor cell behavior. Whereas hypomethylation enabled high Wnt activity leading to metastatic latency, methylated mTCs exhibited low activity and proliferated intravascularly. Collectively the data identify the predetermined methylation status of disseminated tumor cells as a key regulator of mTC behavior in the metastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Jakab
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ki Hong Lee
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexey Uvarovskii
- Center for Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Evotec SE, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Svetlana Ovchinnikova
- Center for Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shubhada R Kulkarni
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sevinç Jakab
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Rostalski
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carleen Spegg
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Anders
- Center for Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.
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6
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Rodrigo-Faus M, Vincelle-Nieto A, Vidal N, Puente J, Saiz-Pardo M, Lopez-Garcia A, Mendiburu-Eliçabe M, Palao N, Baquero C, Linzoain-Agos P, Cuesta AM, Qu HQ, Hakonarson H, Musteanu M, Reyes-Palomares A, Porras A, Bragado P, Gutierrez-Uzquiza A. CRISPR/Cas9 screenings unearth protein arginine methyltransferase 7 as a novel essential gene in prostate cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216776. [PMID: 38432581 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Due to the limited effectiveness of current treatments, the survival rate of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is significantly reduced. Consequently, it is imperative to identify novel therapeutic targets for managing these patients. Since the invasive ability of cells is crucial for establishing and maintaining metastasis, the aim of this study was to identify the essential regulators of invasive abilities of mCRPC cells by conducting two independent high-throughput CRISPR/Cas9 screenings. Furthermore, some of the top hits were validated using siRNA technology, with protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) emerging as the most promising candidate. We demonstrated that its inhibition or depletion via genetic or pharmacological approaches significantly reduces invasive, migratory and proliferative abilities of mCRPC cells in vitro. Moreover, we confirmed that PRMT7 ablation reduces cell dissemination in chicken chorioallantoic membrane and mouse xenograft assays. Molecularly, PRMT7 reprograms the expression of several adhesion molecules by methylating various transcription factors, such as FoxK1, resulting in the loss of adhesion from the primary tumor and increased motility of mCRPC cells. Furthermore, PRMT7 higher expression correlates with tumor aggressivity and poor overall survival in prostate cancer patients. Thus, this study demonstrates that PRMT7 is a potential therapeutic target and potential biomarker for mPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rodrigo-Faus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Africa Vincelle-Nieto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense Univeristy of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Vidal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Puente
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Saiz-Pardo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Lopez-Garcia
- Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nerea Palao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Baquero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Linzoain-Agos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel M Cuesta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hui-Qi Qu
- Center for Applied Genomics (CAG), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics (CAG), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Monica Musteanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Cancer and Obesity Group, Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Armando Reyes-Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense Univeristy of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Porras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Clínico San Carlos Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Liu R, Zhao Y, Su S, Kwabil A, Njoku PC, Yu H, Li X. Unveiling cancer dormancy: Intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic forces. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216899. [PMID: 38649107 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumor cells disseminate in various distant organs at early stages of cancer progression. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can stay dormant/quiescent without causing patient symptoms for years or decades. These dormant tumor cells survive despite curative treatments by entering growth arrest, escaping immune surveillance, and/or developing drug resistance. However, these dormant cells can reactivate to proliferate, causing metastatic progression and/or relapse, posing a threat to patients' survival. It's unclear how cancer cells maintain dormancy and what triggers their reactivation. What are better approaches to prevent metastatic progression and relapse through harnessing cancer dormancy? To answer these remaining questions, we reviewed the studies of tumor dormancy and reactivation in various types of cancer using different model systems, including the brief history of dormancy studies, the intrinsic characteristics of dormant cells, and the external cues at the cellular and molecular levels. Furthermore, we discussed future directions in the field and the strategies for manipulating dormancy to prevent metastatic progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010070, China; Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Yawei Zhao
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Shang Su
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Augustine Kwabil
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prisca Chinonso Njoku
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Haiquan Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010070, China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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8
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Huang Y, Gong M, Chen H, Deng C, Zhu X, Lin J, Huang A, Xu Y, Tai Y, Song G, Xu H, Hu J, Feng H, Tang Q, Lu J, Wang J. Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics Identifies Serpin B9 as a Key Protein in Promoting Bone Metastases in Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:402-414. [PMID: 38226993 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the most common complications of advanced cancer. Immunotherapy for bone metastasis of lung cancer (LCBM) is not so promising and the immune mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we utilized a model of BM by injecting cancer cells through caudal artery (CA) to screen out a highly bone metastatic derivative (LLC1-BM3) from a murine lung cancer cell line LLC1. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was performed in LLC1-parental and LLC1-BM3 cells. Combining with prognostic survival information from patients with lung cancer, we identified serpin B9 (SB9) as a key factor in BM. Molecular characterization showed that SB9 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis and high bone metastatic burden in lung cancer. Moreover, SB9 could increase the ability of lung cancer cells to metastasize to the bone. The mechanistic studies revealed that tumor-derived SB9 promoted BM through an immune cell-dependent way by inactivating granzyme B, manifesting with the decreased infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and increased expression level of exhausted markers. A specific SB9-targeting inhibitor [1,3-benzoxazole-6-carboxylic acid (BTCA)] significantly suppressed LCBM in the CA mouse model. This study reveals that SB9 may serve as a therapeutic target and potential prognostic marker for patients with LCBM. IMPLICATIONS SB9 as a therapeutic target for LCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hongmin Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Chuangzhong Deng
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jiaming Lin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Anfei Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yanyang Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Guohui Song
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyuan Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jinxin Hu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Huixiong Feng
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qinglian Tang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jinchang Lu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Guangdong, P.R. China
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9
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Han Y, Kang Y. Phenotypic plasticity - Implications for tumours in bone. J Bone Oncol 2024; 45:100592. [PMID: 38450202 PMCID: PMC10912615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major contributor to cancer patient mortality. Tumour cells often develop phenotypic plasticity to successfully metastasize to different target organs. Recent progress in the study of bone metastasis has provided novel insight into the biological processes that drive the spread and growth of cancer cells in the bone. In this review, we provide a summary of how the bone marrow microenvironment promotes phenotypic plasticity of metastatic tumour cells and alters therapeutic responses. We highlight pivotal transformations in cellular status driven by plasticity, including mesenchymal-epithelial transition, acquisition of stem-like traits, and awakening from dormancy. Additionally, we describe the phenomenon of host-organ mimicry and metabolic rewiring that collectively serve as key attributes of disseminated tumour cells, enabling their successful colonization and growth within the bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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10
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Li W, Wang Z. Ubiquitination Process Mediates Prostate Cancer Development and Metastasis through Multiple Mechanisms. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:77-90. [PMID: 37847340 PMCID: PMC10866789 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor in men, when the disease progresses to the advanced stage, most patients will develop distant metastasis and develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), resulting in increased mortality. Ubiquitination is a widespread protein post-translational modification process in the biological world, and it plays an important role in the development and transfer of PCa. E3 ubiquitin ligase plays an important role in the specific selection and role of substrates in the process of ubiquitination ligase. This review will briefly introduce the ubiquitination process and E3 ubiquitin ligase, focus on the recently discovered multiple mechanisms by which ubiquitination affects PCa development and metastasis, and a summary of the current emerging proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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11
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Aouad P, Quinn HM, Berger A, Brisken C. Tumor dormancy: EMT beyond invasion and metastasis. Genesis 2024; 62:e23552. [PMID: 37776086 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
More than two-thirds of cancer-related deaths are attributable to metastases. In some tumor types metastasis can occur up to 20 years after diagnosis and successful treatment of the primary tumor, a phenomenon termed late recurrence. Metastases arise from disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) that leave the primary tumor early on in tumor development, either as single cells or clusters, adapt to new environments, and reduce or shut down their proliferation entering a state of dormancy for prolonged periods of time. Dormancy has been difficult to track clinically and study experimentally. Recent advances in technology and disease modeling have provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms orchestrating dormancy and the switch to a proliferative state. A new role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in inducing plasticity and maintaining a dormant state in several cancer models has been revealed. In this review, we summarize the major findings linking EMT to dormancy control and highlight the importance of pre-clinical models and tumor/tissue context when designing studies. Understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling dormant DTCs is pivotal in developing new therapeutic agents that prevent distant recurrence by maintaining a dormant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Aouad
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hazel M Quinn
- ISREC-Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adeline Berger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC-Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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12
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Zhang W, Chen T, Yang P, Li X, Zhu D, Su Z, Yang X, Jin R, Lan T, Guo H. Total flavonoids of Litchi chinensis Sonn. seed inhibit prostate cancer growth in bone by regulating the bone microenvironment via inactivation of the HGFR/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117327. [PMID: 37871755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Litchi chinensis Sonn. (Litchi) seed, a traditional Chinese medicine, is habitually used in the clinical treatment of prostate cancer (PCa)-induced bone pain. In our previous study, flavonoids have been identified as the active ingredient of litchi seed against PCa. However, its anti-tumor activities in bone and associated molecular mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of total flavonoids of litchi seed (TFLS) on the growth of PCa in bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of TFLS on the growth of PCa in bone was observed using a mouse model constructed with tibial injection of luciferase-expressing RM1-luc cells. Conditioned medium (CM) from bone marrow stromal cells OP9 and CM treated with TFLS (T-CM) was used to investigate the effect on the proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis of PCa cells (LNCaP, PC3, RM1). An antibody microarray was performed to detect cytokine expression in the supernatant fraction of OP9 cell cultures treated with TFLS or left untreated. Western blot assay was employed to determine the expression and activity of HGFR and its key downstream proteins, Akt, mTOR, NF-κB, and Erk, in PCa cells. The potential target was further verified using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays. RESULTS Treatment with TFLS (80 mg/kg, 24 days) significantly suppressed the growth of RM1 cells in bone. CM from bone marrow stromal cells OP9 stimulated the proliferation and colony formation of the PCa cells as well as inhibited the apoptosis of PC3 cells, while T-CM reversed the effects mediated by OP9 cells in vitro. In an antibody array assay, TFLS regulated the majority of cytokines in OP9 cell culture supernatant, among which HGF, HGFR, IGF-1R, and PDGF-AA showed the greatest fold changes. Mechanistically, CM upregulated HGFR and promoted phosphorylation of NF-κB while T-CM induced reduction of HGFR and dephosphorylation of NF-κB in PC3 cells. Moreover, T-CM inhibited NF-κB entry into PC3 cell nuclei. Data from in vivo experiments further confirmed the inhibitory effects of TFLS on NF-κB. CONCLUSION TFLS suppresses the growth of PCa in bone through regulating bone microenvironment and the underlying mechanism potentially involves attenuation of the HGFR/NF-κB signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 10 Huadong Road, Nanning, 530011, China
| | - Peilin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Taijin Lan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 179 Mingxiu Dong Road, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
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13
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Li S, Kang Y, Zeng Y. Targeting tumor and bone microenvironment: Novel therapeutic opportunities for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189033. [PMID: 38040267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite standard hormonal therapy that targets the androgen receptor (AR) attenuates prostate cancer (PCa) effectively in the initial stage, the tumor ultimately converts to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and the acquired resistance is still a great challenge for the management of advanced prostate cancer patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of multiple cellular and noncellular agents is well known as a vital role during the development and progression of CRPC by establishing communication between TME and tumor cells. Additionally, as primary prostate cancer progresses towards metastasis, and CRPC always experiences bone metastasis, the TME is conducive to the spread of tumors to the distant sits, particularly in bone. In addition, the bone microenvironment (BME) is also closely related to the survival, growth and colonization of metastatic tumor cells. The present review summarized the recent studies which mainly focused on the role of TME or BME in the CRPC patients with bone metastasis, and discussed the underlying mechanisms, as well as the potential therapeutic values of targeting TME and BME in the management of metastatic CRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Second ward of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery,Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China; The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research on Gastrointestinal Tumor Combining Medicine with Engineering, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
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14
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Sugyo A, Tsuji AB, Sudo H, Sugiura Y, Koizumi M, Higashi T. Wnt1 induces osteoblastic changes in a well-established osteolytic skeletal metastatic model derived from breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1909. [PMID: 37840014 PMCID: PMC10728502 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoblastic skeletal metastasis is frequently observed in prostate cancer. An effective therapy has not been developed due to the unclear molecular mechanism. The Wnt family is involved in various biological phenomena including bone metabolism. There is no direct evidence that the family causes osteoblastic skeletal metastasis. AIMS The present study aims to evaluate whether overexpressed Wnt induces osteoblastic bone metastasis in a well-established osteolytic bone metastatic model. METHODS AND RESULTS The breast cancer-derived 5a-D-Luc-ZsGreen cells were transfected with Wnt1, Wnt3A, and Wnt5A expression vectors, producing stably highly expressing cells. These cells were intracardially transplanted in nude mice. Bone metastasis development was confirmed by fluorescence imaging. Hind-limb bones including metastasis were dissected and visualized through micro-CT imaging. After imaging, sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunohistochemically stained with an anti-SATB2 antibody. Luminescent imaging confirmed mice with bone metastases in the hind limbs. Micro-CT imaging found an osteoblastic change only in bone metastasis of mice transplanted with Wnt1-expressing cells. This was confirmed on H&E-stained sections. SATB2 immunostaining showed differentiated osteoblasts were at the site of bone metastases in the diaphysis. SATB2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activated by overexpressed Wnt1 could induce osteoblastic change. CONCLUSION Our findings provided direct evidence Wnt1 is involved in osteoblastic bone metastasis development. Our model would be a powerful tool for further elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and developing effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Sugyo
- Experimental Nuclear Medicine Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and TheranosticsInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Atsushi B. Tsuji
- Experimental Nuclear Medicine Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and TheranosticsInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Hitomi Sudo
- Experimental Nuclear Medicine Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and TheranosticsInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
| | - Yoshiya Sugiura
- Department of PathologyToho University Sakura Medical CenterSakuraJapan
| | - Mitsuru Koizumi
- Department of Nuclear MedicineCancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyoJapan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Experimental Nuclear Medicine Group, Department of Molecular Imaging and TheranosticsInstitute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and TechnologyChibaJapan
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15
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Weston WA, Barr AR. A cell cycle centric view of tumour dormancy. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1535-1545. [PMID: 37608096 PMCID: PMC10645753 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour dormancy and recurrent metastatic cancer remain the greatest clinical challenge for cancer patients. Dormant tumour cells can evade treatment and detection, while retaining proliferative potential, often for years, before relapsing to tumour outgrowth. Cellular quiescence is one mechanism that promotes and maintains tumour dormancy due to its central role in reducing proliferation, elevating cyto-protective mechanisms, and retaining proliferative potential. Quiescence/proliferation decisions are dictated by intrinsic and extrinsic signals, which regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) to modulate cell cycle gene expression. By clarifying the pathways regulating CDK activity and the signals which activate them, we can better understand how cancer cells enter, maintain, and escape from quiescence throughout the progression of dormancy and metastatic disease. Here we review how CDK activity is regulated to modulate cellular quiescence in the context of tumour dormancy and highlight the therapeutic challenges and opportunities it presents.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Weston
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexis R Barr
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Rd, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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16
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Mai Y, Su J, Yang C, Xia C, Fu L. The strategies to cure cancer patients by eradicating cancer stem-like cells. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:171. [PMID: 37853413 PMCID: PMC10583358 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells, possess remarkable capability in proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. Their presence is recognized as a crucial factor contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. CSCs have garnered significant attention as a therapeutic focus and an etiologic root of treatment-resistant cells. Increasing evidence indicated that specific biomarkers, aberrant activated pathways, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and immunoevasion are considered the culprits in the occurrence of CSCs and the maintenance of CSCs properties including multi-directional differentiation. Targeting CSC biomarkers, stemness-associated pathways, TME, immunoevasion and inducing CSCs differentiation improve CSCs eradication and, therefore, cancer treatment. This review comprehensively summarized these targeted therapies, along with their current status in clinical trials. By exploring and implementing strategies aimed at eradicating CSCs, researchers aim to improve cancer treatment outcomes and overcome the challenges posed by CSC-mediated therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansui Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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17
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Dong Y, Chen Y, Ma G, Cao H. The role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in bone homeostasis and related diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3963-3987. [PMID: 37799379 PMCID: PMC10547920 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dedicates to degrade intracellular proteins to modulate demic homeostasis and functions of organisms. These enzymatic cascades mark and modifies target proteins diversly through covalently binding ubiquitin molecules. In the UPS, E3 ubiquitin ligases are the crucial constituents by the advantage of recognizing and presenting proteins to proteasomes for proteolysis. As the major regulators of protein homeostasis, E3 ligases are indispensable to proper cell manners in diverse systems, and they are well described in physiological bone growth and bone metabolism. Pathologically, classic bone-related diseases such as metabolic bone diseases, arthritis, bone neoplasms and bone metastasis of the tumor, etc., were also depicted in a UPS-dependent manner. Therefore, skeletal system is versatilely regulated by UPS and it is worthy to summarize the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, based on the current status of treatment, normal or pathological osteogenesis and tumorigenesis elaborated in this review highlight the clinical significance of UPS research. As a strategy possibly remedies the limitations of UPS treatment, emerging PROTAC was described comprehensively to illustrate its potential in clinical application. Altogether, the purpose of this review aims to provide more evidence for exploiting novel therapeutic strategies based on UPS for bone associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
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18
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Wells KV, Krackeler ML, Jathal MK, Parikh M, Ghosh PM, Leach JK, Genetos DC. Prostate cancer and bone: clinical presentation and molecular mechanisms. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e220360. [PMID: 37226936 PMCID: PMC10696925 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an increasingly prevalent health problem in the developed world. Effective treatment options exist for localized PCa, but metastatic PCa has fewer treatment options and shorter patient survival. PCa and bone health are strongly entwined, as PCa commonly metastasizes to the skeleton. Since androgen receptor signaling drives PCa growth, androgen-deprivation therapy whose sequelae reduce bone strength constitutes the foundation of advanced PCa treatment. The homeostatic process of bone remodeling - produced by concerted actions of bone-building osteoblasts, bone-resorbing osteoclasts, and regulatory osteocytes - may also be subverted by PCa to promote metastatic growth. Mechanisms driving skeletal development and homeostasis, such as regional hypoxia or matrix-embedded growth factors, may be subjugated by bone metastatic PCa. In this way, the biology that sustains bone is integrated into adaptive mechanisms for the growth and survival of PCa in bone. Skeletally metastatic PCa is difficult to investigate due to the entwined nature of bone biology and cancer biology. Herein, we survey PCa from origin, presentation, and clinical treatment to bone composition and structure and molecular mediators of PCa metastasis to bone. Our intent is to quickly yet effectively reduce barriers to team science across multiple disciplines that focuses on PCa and metastatic bone disease. We also introduce concepts of tissue engineering as a novel perspective to model, capture, and study complex cancer-microenvironment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V Wells
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Margaret L Krackeler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Maitreyee K Jathal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, California, USA
| | - Mamta Parikh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, California, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Damian C Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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Tabrizian N, Nouruzi S, Cui CJ, Kobelev M, Namekawa T, Lodhia I, Talal A, Sivak O, Ganguli D, Zoubeidi A. ASCL1 is activated downstream of the ROR2/CREB signaling pathway to support lineage plasticity in prostate cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112937. [PMID: 37552603 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lineage plasticity is a form of therapy-induced drug resistance. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors potentially lead to the accretion of tumor relapse with loss of AR signaling and a shift from a luminal state to an alternate program. However, the molecular and signaling mechanisms orchestrating the development of lineage plasticity under the pressure of AR-targeted therapies are not fully understood. Here, a survey of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) identifies ROR2 as the top upregulated RTK following AR pathway inhibition, which feeds into lineage plasticity by promoting stem-cell-like and neuronal networks. Mechanistically, ROR2 activates the ERK/CREB signaling pathway to modulate the expression of the lineage commitment transcription factor ASCL1. Collectively, our findings nominate ROR2 as a potential therapeutic target to reverse the ENZ-induced plastic phenotype and potentially re-sensitize tumors to AR pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakisa Tabrizian
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Shaghayegh Nouruzi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Cassandra Jingjing Cui
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Maxim Kobelev
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Takeshi Namekawa
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Ishana Lodhia
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Amina Talal
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Olena Sivak
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | | | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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20
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Zielske SP, Chen W, Ibrahim KG, Cackowski FC. SNHG1 opposes quiescence and promotes docetaxel sensitivity in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:672. [PMID: 37464317 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A majority of prostate cancer cells are in a non-proliferating, G0 (quiescent) phase of the cell cycle and may lie dormant for years before activation into a proliferative, rapidly progressing, disease phase. Many mechanisms which influence proliferation and quiescence choices remain to be elucidated, including the role of non-coding RNAs. In this study, we investigated the role of a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), SNHG1, on cell proliferation, quiescence, and sensitivity to docetaxel as a potential factor important in prostate cancer biology. METHODS Publically available, anonymous, clinical data was obtained from cBioPortal for analysis. RNAi and prostate cancer cell lines were utilized to investigate SNHG1 in vitro. We measured G0 cells, DNA synthesis, and cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess G2 arrest and apoptosis. These parameters were also investigated following docetaxel treatment. RESULTS We discovered that in prostate cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set, high SNHG1 expression in localized tumors correlated with reduced progression-free survival, and in a data set of both primary and metastatic tumors, high SNHG1 expression was associated with metastatic tumors. In vitro analysis of prostate cancer cell lines showed SNHG1 expression correlated with a quiescent versus proliferative phenotype. Knockdown of SNHG1 by RNAi in PC3 and C4-2B cells resulted in an accumulation of cells in the G0 phase. After knockdown, 60.0% of PC3 cells were in G0, while control cultures had 13.2% G0. There were reciprocal decreases in G1 phase, but little impact on the proportion of cells in S and G2/M phases, depending on cell line. DNA synthesis and proliferation were largely halted- decreasing by 75% and 81% in C4-2B and PC3 cells, respectively. When cells were treated with docetaxel, SNHG1-depleted C4-2B and PC3 cells were resistant to G2 arrest, and displayed reduced apoptosis, as indicated by reduced cyclin B1 and cleaved caspase 3, suggesting SNHG1 levels may modulate drug response. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results indicate SNHG1 has complex roles in prostate cancer, as it stimulates cell cycle entry and disease progression, but sensitizes cells to docetaxel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Zielske
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, MI, 48201, Detroit, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, MI, 48201, Detroit, USA
| | - Kristina G Ibrahim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, MI, 48201, Detroit, USA
| | - Frank C Cackowski
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, MI, 48201, Detroit, USA.
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21
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Si H, Esquivel M, Mendoza Mendoza E, Roarty K. The covert symphony: cellular and molecular accomplices in breast cancer metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1221784. [PMID: 37440925 PMCID: PMC10333702 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1221784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has emerged as the most commonly diagnosed cancer and primary cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in targeting the primary tumor, the effectiveness of systemic treatments to prevent metastasis remains limited. Metastatic disease continues to be the predominant factor leading to fatality in the majority of breast cancer patients. The existence of a prolonged latency period between initial treatment and eventual recurrence in certain patients indicates that tumors can both adapt to and interact with the systemic environment of the host, facilitating and sustaining the progression of the disease. In order to identify potential therapeutic interventions for metastasis, it will be crucial to gain a comprehensive framework surrounding the mechanisms driving the growth, survival, and spread of tumor cells, as well as their interaction with supporting cells of the microenvironment. This review aims to consolidate recent discoveries concerning critical aspects of breast cancer metastasis, encompassing the intricate network of cells, molecules, and physical factors that contribute to metastasis, as well as the molecular mechanisms governing cancer dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Si
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Madelyn Esquivel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Erika Mendoza Mendoza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kevin Roarty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, United States
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22
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Merat R. The human antigen R as an actionable super-hub within the network of cancer cell persistency and plasticity. Transl Oncol 2023; 35:101722. [PMID: 37352624 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this perspective article, a clinically inspired phenotype-driven experimental approach is put forward to address the challenge of the adaptive response of solid cancers to small-molecule targeted therapies. A list of conditions is derived, including an experimental quantitative assessment of cell plasticity and an information theory-based detection of in vivo dependencies, for the discovery of post-transcriptional druggable mechanisms capable of preventing at multiple levels the emergence of plastic dedifferentiated slow-proliferating cells. The approach is illustrated by the author's own work in the example case of the adaptive response of BRAFV600-melanoma to BRAF inhibition. A bench-to-bedside and back to bench effort leads to a therapeutic strategy in which the inhibition of the baseline activity of the interferon-γ-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) complex, incriminated in the expression insufficiency of the RNA-binding protein HuR in a minority of cells, results in the suppression of the plastic, intermittently slow-proliferating cells involved in the adaptive response. A similar approach is recommended for the validation of other classes of mechanisms that we seek to modulate to overcome this complex challenge of modern cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastine Merat
- Dermato-Oncology Unit, Division of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zhang Y, Yan L, Wang Z, Li F, Lv J, Liu J, Liu X, Bao L, Zhang Y. Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on Tumor Dormancy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3230. [PMID: 37370845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor dormancy continues to be a research hotspot with numerous pressing problems that need to be solved. The goal of this study is to perform a bibliometric analysis of pertinent articles published in the twenty-first century. We concentrate on significant keywords, nations, authors, affiliations, journals, and literature in the field of tumor dormancy, which will help researchers to review the results that have been achieved and better understand the directions of future research. We retrieved research articles on tumor dormancy from the Web of Science Core Collection. This study made use of the visualization tools VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica, as visualization helps us to uncover the intrinsic connections between information. Research on tumor dormancy has been growing in the 21st century, especially from 2015 to the present. The United States is a leader in many aspects of this research area, such as in the number of publications, the number of partners, the most productive institutions, and the authors working in this field. Harvard University is the institution with the highest number of publications, and Aguirre-Ghiso, Julio A. is the author with the highest number of publications and citations. The keywords that emerged after 2017 were "early dissemination", "inhibition", "mechanism", "bone metastasis", and "promotion". We believe that research on tumor dormancy mechanisms and therapy has been, and will continue to be, a major area of interest. The exploration of the tumor dormancy microenvironment and immunotherapeutic treatments for tumor dormancy is likely to represent the most popular future research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lirong Yan
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhongqing Wang
- Department of Information Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Fang Li
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jinqi Lv
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xuqin Liu
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Li Bao
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Wieder R. Awakening of Dormant Breast Cancer Cells in the Bone Marrow. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113021. [PMID: 37296983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 40% of patients with breast cancer (BC) have metastatic cells in the bone marrow (BM) at the initial diagnosis of localized disease. Despite definitive systemic adjuvant therapy, these cells survive in the BM microenvironment, enter a dormant state and recur stochastically for more than 20 years. Once they begin to proliferate, recurrent macrometastases are not curable, and patients generally succumb to their disease. Many potential mechanisms for initiating recurrence have been proposed, but no definitive predictive data have been generated. This manuscript reviews the proposed mechanisms that maintain BC cell dormancy in the BM microenvironment and discusses the data supporting specific mechanisms for recurrence. It addresses the well-described mechanisms of secretory senescence, inflammation, aging, adipogenic BM conversion, autophagy, systemic effects of trauma and surgery, sympathetic signaling, transient angiogenic bursts, hypercoagulable states, osteoclast activation, and epigenetic modifications of dormant cells. This review addresses proposed approaches for either eliminating micrometastases or maintaining a dormant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wieder
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB F671, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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25
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Zhang S, Shen T, Zeng Y. Epigenetic Modifications in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082243. [PMID: 37190171 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The gradual evolution of prostate tissue from benign tumor to malignant lesion or distant metastasis is driven by intracellular epigenetic changes and the tumor microenvironment remodeling. With the continuous study of epigenetic modifications, these tumor-driving forces are being discovered and are providing new treatments for cancer. Here we introduce the classification of epigenetic modification and highlight the role of epigenetic modification in tumor remodeling and communication of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology & Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, No. 20 Beijiu Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Urology, the Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology & Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, China
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26
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Wang K, Ma F, Arai S, Wang Y, Varkaris A, Poluben L, Voznesensky O, Xie F, Zhang X, Yuan X, Balk SP. WNT5a Signaling through ROR2 Activates the Hippo Pathway to Suppress YAP1 Activity and Tumor Growth. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1016-1030. [PMID: 36622276 PMCID: PMC10073315 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Noncanonical Wnt signaling by WNT5a has oncogenic and tumor suppressive activities, but downstream pathways mediating these specific effects remain to be fully established. In a subset of prostate cancer organoid culture and xenograft models, inhibition of Wnt synthesis stimulated growth, whereas WNT5a or a WNT5a mimetic peptide (Foxy5) markedly suppressed tumor growth. WNT5a caused a ROR2-dependent decrease in YAP1 activity, which was associated with increased phosphorylation of MST1/2, LATS1, MOB1, and YAP1, indicating Hippo pathway activation. Deletion of MST1/2 abrogated the WNT5a response. WNT5a similarly activated Hippo in ROR2-expressing melanoma cells, whereas WNT5a in ROR2-negative cells suppressed Hippo. This suppression was associated with increased inhibitory phosphorylation of NF2/Merlin that was not observed in ROR2-expressing cells. WNT5a also increased mRNA encoding Hippo pathway components including MST1 and MST2 and was positively correlated with these components in prostate cancer clinical datasets. Conversely, ROR2 and WNT5a expression was stimulated by YAP1, and correlated with increased YAP1 activity in clinical datasets, revealing a WNT5a/ROR2 negative feedback loop to modulate YAP1 activity. Together these findings identify Hippo pathway activation as a mechanism that mediates the tumor suppressive effects of WNT5a and indicate that expression of ROR2 may be a predictive biomarker for responsiveness to WNT5a-mimetic drugs. SIGNIFICANCE WNT5a signaling through ROR2 activates the Hippo pathway to downregulate YAP1/TAZ activity and suppress tumor growth, identifying ROR2 as a potential biomarker to identify patients that could benefit from WNT5a-related agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshan Wang
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fen Ma
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Seiji Arai
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Urology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yun Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR, China
| | - Andreas Varkaris
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Larysa Poluben
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Olga Voznesensky
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Fang Xie
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Steven P. Balk
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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27
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Puente-Cobacho B, Varela-López A, Quiles JL, Vera-Ramirez L. Involvement of redox signalling in tumour cell dormancy and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:49-85. [PMID: 36701089 PMCID: PMC10014738 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Decades of research on oncogene-driven carcinogenesis and gene-expression regulatory networks only started to unveil the complexity of tumour cellular and molecular biology. This knowledge has been successfully implemented in the clinical practice to treat primary tumours. In contrast, much less progress has been made in the development of new therapies against metastasis, which are the main cause of cancer-related deaths. More recently, the role of epigenetic and microenviromental factors has been shown to play a key role in tumour progression. Free radicals are known to communicate the intracellular and extracellular compartments, acting as second messengers and exerting a decisive modulatory effect on tumour cell signalling. Depending on the cellular and molecular context, as well as the intracellular concentration of free radicals and the activation status of the antioxidant system of the cell, the signalling equilibrium can be tilted either towards tumour cell survival and progression or cell death. In this regard, recent advances in tumour cell biology and metastasis indicate that redox signalling is at the base of many cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental mechanisms that control disseminated tumour cell fate and metastasis. In this manuscript, we will review the current knowledge about redox signalling along the different phases of the metastatic cascade, including tumour cell dormancy, making emphasis on metabolism and the establishment of supportive microenvironmental connections, from a redox perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Puente-Cobacho
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Vera-Ramirez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncology, Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government, PTS, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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28
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Liu X, Zhang C, Wang X, Cui C, Cui H, Zhu B, Chen A, Zhang L, Xin J, Fu Q, Dionigi G, Sun H. Long non-coding RNA MFSD4A-AS1 promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e220221. [PMID: 36606578 PMCID: PMC9986400 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic metastasis is the leading cause responsible for recurrence and progression in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), where dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been extensively demonstrated to be implicated. However, the specific lymphatic node metastatsis-related lncRNAs remain not identified in PTC yet. Lymphatic node metastatsis-related lncRNA, MFSD4A-AS1, was explored in the PTC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas and our clinical samples. The roles of MFSD4A-AS1 in lymphatic metastasis were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were performed to identify the potential targets and the underlying pathway of MFSD4A-AS1 in lymphatic metastasis of PTC. MFSD4A-AS1 was specifically upregulated in PTC tissues with lymphatic metastasis. Upregulating MFSD4A-AS1 promoted mesh formation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and invasion and migration of PTC cells. Importantly and consistently, MFSD4A-AS1 promoted lymphatic metastasis of PTC cells in vivo by inducing the lymphangiogenic formation and enhancing the invasive capability of PTC cells. Mechanistic dissection further revealed that MFSD4A-AS1 functioned as competing endogenous RNA to sequester miR-30c-2-3p, miR-145-3p and miR-139-5p to disrupt the miRNA-mediated inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factors A and C, and further activated transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling by sponging miR-30c-2-3p that targeted TGFBR2 and USP15, both of which synergistically promoted lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of PTC. Our results unravel novel dual mechanisms by which MFSD4A-AS1 promotes lymphatic metastasis of PTC, which will facilitate the development of anti-lymphatic metastatic therapeutic strategy in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunhai Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaomiao Wang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Can Cui
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hanwen Cui
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Baishu Zhu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Anqi Chen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jingwei Xin
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qingfeng Fu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Department of Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Division of General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery Section, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Abstract
The genomics and pathways governing metastatic dormancy are critically important drivers of long-term patient survival given the considerable portion of cancers that recur aggressively months to years after initial treatments. Our understanding of dormancy has expanded greatly in the last two decades, with studies elucidating that the dormant state is regulated by multiple genes, microenvironmental (ME) interactions, and immune components. These forces are exerted through mechanisms that are intrinsic to the tumor cell, manifested through cross-talk between tumor and ME cells including those from the immune system, and regulated by angiogenic processes in the nascent micrometastatic niche. The development of new in vivo and 3D ME models, as well as enhancements to decades-old tumor cell pedigree models that span the development of metastatic dormancy to aggressive growth, has helped fuel what arguably is one of the least understood areas of cancer biology that nonetheless contributes immensely to patient mortality. The current review focuses on the genes and molecular pathways that regulate dormancy via tumor-intrinsic and ME cells, and how groups have envisioned harnessing these therapeutically to benefit patient survival.
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Yin C, Wang M, Wang Y, Lin Q, Lin K, Du H, Lang C, Dai Y, Peng X. BHLHE22 drives the immunosuppressive bone tumor microenvironment and associated bone metastasis in prostate cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005532. [PMID: 36941015 PMCID: PMC10030795 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular characteristics of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and the immunosuppressive bone tumor microenvironment (TME) contribute to the limitations of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT). Identifying subgroups of patients with PCa for ICT remains a challenge. Herein, we report that basic helix-loop-helix family member e22 (BHLHE22) is upregulated in bone metastatic PCa and drives an immunosuppressive bone TME. METHODS In this study, the function of BHLHE22 in PCa bone metastases was clarified. We performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of primary and bone metastatic PCa samples, and assessed the ability to promote bone metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Then, the role of BHLHE22 in bone TME was determined by immunofluorescence (IF), flow cytometry, and bioinformatic analyses. RNA sequencing, cytokine array, western blotting, IF, IHC, and flow cytometry were used to identify the key mediators. Subsequently, the role of BHLHE22 in gene regulation was confirmed using luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, DNA pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation, and animal experiments. Xenograft bone metastasis mouse models were used to assess whether the strategy of immunosuppressive neutrophils and monocytes neutralization by targeting protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5)/colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) could improve the efficacy of ICT. Animals were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups. Moreover, we performed IHC and correlation analyses to identify whether BHLHE22 could act as a potential biomarker for ICT combination therapies in bone metastatic PCa. RESULTS Tumorous BHLHE22 mediates the high expression of CSF2, resulting in the infiltration of immunosuppressive neutrophils and monocytes and a prolonged immunocompromised T-cell status. Mechanistically, BHLHE22 binds to the CSF2 promoter and recruits PRMT5, forming a transcriptional complex. PRMT5 epigenetically activates CSF2 expression. In a tumor-bearing mouse model, ICT resistance of Bhlhe22+ tumors could be overcome by inhibition of Csf2 and Prmt5. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal the immunosuppressive mechanism of tumorous BHLHE22 and provide a potential ICT combination therapy for patients with BHLHE22+ PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingzhao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qijun Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuandong Lang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhu Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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31
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Age-induced changes in lung microenvironment: from melanoma dormancy to outgrowth. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:33. [PMID: 36646673 PMCID: PMC9842723 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01303-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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32
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Fu H, Dong S, Li K. Study on promoting the regeneration of grafted fat by cell-assisted lipotransfer. Regen Ther 2022; 22:7-18. [PMID: 36582606 PMCID: PMC9762074 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL), a modified adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ADSCs)-based approach for autologous fat grafting that is an ideal option for soft tissue augmentation, has many shortcomings in terms of retention and adverse effects. The objective of our study was to improve the treatment efficacy of CAL by adding fibroblasts. Methods ADSCs and fibroblasts were isolated from human adipose and dermal tissues, with fibroblasts identified by immunofluorescence and ADSCs identified by the multilineage differentiation method. We performed cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, adipogenic, and hemangioendothelial differentiation experiments, qPCR and Western blotting analysis in co-cultures of fibroblasts and ADSCs. Subsequently, we conducted animal experiments with BALB/c nude mice. Masson's staining, immunofluorescence staining and ultrasound were used to analyze the occurrence of adverse reactions of the grafted fat, and CT and three-dimensional reconstruction were used to accurately evaluate the volume of the grafted fat. Results We found that the co-culture of fibroblasts and ADSCs promoted their mutual proliferation, adipogenic differentiation, hemangioendothelial differentiation and proliferation and migration of HUVECs. Fibroblasts inhibit the apoptosis of ADSCs. Moreover, in animal experiments, the autografted adipose group combined with ADSCs and fibroblasts had the least occurrence of oily cysts, and fat had the best form of survival. Conclusions We enhanced adipocyte regeneration and angiogenesis in ADSCs and fibroblast cells after adding fibroblasts to conventional CAL autologous fat grafts. In turn, the volume retention rate of the grafted fat is improved, and the adverse reactions are reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, NO. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China,Corresponding author. The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha 410004, China.
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Wnt Signaling in the Development of Bone Metastasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233934. [PMID: 36497192 PMCID: PMC9739050 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling occurs through evolutionarily conserved pathways that affect cellular proliferation and fate decisions during development and tissue maintenance. Alterations in these highly regulated pathways, however, play pivotal roles in various malignancies, promoting cancer initiation, growth and metastasis and the development of drug resistance. The ability of cancer cells to metastasize is the primary cause of cancer mortality. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastases that generally arise from breast, prostate, lung, melanoma or kidney cancer. Upon their arrival to the bone, cancer cells can enter a long-term dormancy period, from which they can be reactivated, but can rarely be cured. The activation of Wnt signaling during the bone metastasis process was found to enhance proliferation, induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promote the modulation of the extracellular matrix, enhance angiogenesis and immune tolerance and metastasize and thrive in the bone. Due to the complexity of Wnt pathways and of the landscape of this mineralized tissue, Wnt function during metastatic progression within bone is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we believe that a better understanding of these pathways and their roles in the development of bone metastasis could improve our understanding of the disease and may constitute fertile ground for potential therapeutics.
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Wu X, Wang B, Su Y, He D, Mo H, Zheng M, Meng Z, Ren L, Zhang X, Ren D, Li C. ALG8 Fuels Stemness Through Glycosylation of the WNT/Beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:1075-1083. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiu Wu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yaorong Su
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Dongtian He
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Haixin Mo
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zijie Meng
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Liangliang Ren
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
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Dai R, Liu M, Xiang X, Xi Z, Xu H. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts: an important switch of tumour cell dormancy during bone metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:316. [PMID: 36307871 PMCID: PMC9615353 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastasis occurs when tumour cells dissociate from primary tumours, enter the circulation (circulating tumour cells, CTCs), and colonize sites in bone (disseminated tumour cells, DTCs). The bone marrow seems to be a particularly dormancy-inducing environment for DTCs, yet the mechanisms of dormancy initiation, reactivation, and interaction within the bone marrow have to be elucidated. Intriguingly, some evidence has suggested that dormancy is a reversible state that is switched 'on' or 'off' depending on the presence of various bone marrow resident cells, particularly osteoclasts and osteoblasts. It has become clear that these two cells contribute to regulating dormant tumour cells in bone both directly (interaction) and indirectly (secreted factors). The involved mechanisms include TGFβ signalling, the Wnt signalling axis, the Notch2 pathway, etc. There is no detailed review that specifically focuses on ascertaining the dynamic interactions between tumour cell dormancy and bone remodelling. In addition, we highlighted the roles of inflammatory cytokines during this 'cell-to-cell' communication. We also discussed the potential clinical relevance of remodelling the bone marrow niche in controlling dormant tumour cells. Understanding the unique role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in regulating tumour dormancy in bone marrow will provide new insight into preventing and treating tumour bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchen Dai
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Mengfan Liu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xincheng Xiang
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Rausser College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Zhichao Xi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China ,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- grid.412585.f0000 0004 0604 8558Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
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Pauk M, Saito H, Hesse E, Taipaleenmäki H. Muscle and Bone Defects in Metastatic Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:273-289. [PMID: 35994202 PMCID: PMC9522697 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review addresses most recently identified mechanisms implicated in metastasis-induced bone resorption and muscle-wasting syndrome, known as cachexia. RECENT FINDINGS Metastatic disease in bone and soft tissues is often associated with skeletal muscle defects. Recent studies have identified a number of secreted molecules and extracellular vesicles that contribute to cancer cell growth and metastasis leading to bone destruction and muscle atrophy. In addition, alterations in muscle microenvironment including dysfunctions in hepatic and mitochondrial metabolism have been implicated in cancer-induced regeneration defect and muscle loss. Moreover, we review novel in vitro and animal models including promising new drug candidates for bone metastases and cancer cachexia. Preservation of bone health could be highly beneficial for maintaining muscle mass and function. Therefore, a better understanding of molecular pathways implicated in bone and muscle crosstalk in metastatic disease may provide new insights and identify new strategies to improve current anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pauk
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eric Hesse
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Li G, Fan M, Zheng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Luo W, Zhao W, Lai X, Chen H, Zeng F, Deng F. Osteoblastic protein kinase D1 contributes to the prostate cancer cells dormancy via GAS6-circadian clock signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119296. [PMID: 35595103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated prostate cancer (PCa) is known to have a strong propensity for bone marrow. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can survive in bone marrow for years without obvious proliferation, while maintaining the ability to develop into metastatic lesions. However, how DTCs kept dormant and recur is still uncertain. Here, we focus on the role of osteoblastic protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in PCa (PC-3 and DU145) dormancy using co-culture experiments. Using flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, we observed that in co-cultures osteoblasts could induce a dormant state in PCa cells, which is manifested by a fewer cell divisions, a decrease Ki-67-positive populations and a lower ERK/p38 ratio. In contrast, silencing of PKD1 gene in osteoblasts impedes co-cultured prostate cancer cell's dormancy ability. Mechanismly, protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in osteoblasts induces PCa dormancy via activating CREB1, which promoting the expression and secretion of growth arrest specific 6 (GAS6). Furthermore, GAS6-induced dormancy signaling significantly increased the expression of core circadian clock molecules in PCa cells, and a negative correlation of circadian clock proteins (BMAL1, CLOCK and DEC2) with recurrence-free survival is observed in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Interestingly, the expression of cell cycle factors (p21, p27, CDK1 and PCNA) which regulated by circadian clock also upregulated in response to GAS6 stimulation. Taken together, we provide evidence that osteoblastic PKD1/CREB1/GAS6 signaling regulates cellular dormancy of PCa cells, and highlights the importance of circadian clock in PCa cells dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihuan Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingming Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zenan Zheng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, China
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenyang Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanlu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoju Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fangyin Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, China.
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Murphy BM, Burd CE. The aging lung microenvironment awakens melanoma metastases. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:815-817. [PMID: 35868308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In a recent publication in Nature, Fane et al. establish WNT5A as a central, age-sensitive regulator of the dormancy-to-reactivation axis of melanoma. They show that aged fibroblasts in the lungs suppress WNT5A signaling induced at the primary tumor site to awaken dormant melanoma cells and promote the outgrowth of metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Murphy
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christin E Burd
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Lv Z, Wang X, Zhu C, Wang K. The global status of research in prostate cancer bone metastasis: A bibliometric and visualized analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:931422. [PMID: 35991630 PMCID: PMC9381755 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.931422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is a serious threat to the health of elderly aged groups. It is very important to understand the occurrence and development of PCa for early diagnosis, treatment and metastasis control. This study aims to elucidate the international frontier research direction and literature distribution through bibliometric and visual analyses of PCa bone metastasis. Methods Data were obtained from the Web of Science core collection database, which collected 2,246 papers related to PCa bone metastasis from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the VOSviewer software for citation, co-authorship, co-citation, bibliometric coupling, and co-occurrence. Results Over the past decade, published papers have increased annually. The United States of America has published 890 papers with 29,161 citations, far more than any other country, and it has the most extensive collaboration with other countries. For example, 33 articles by Saad Fred were cited 2,721 times, and 91 articles from the University of Texas MD Anderson CANC CTR were cited 3,037 times, the most cited author and organization. Peng Xinsheng and Duke UNIV comprise the most active collaborative author and organization, respectively. The most co-cited journal was CANCER RES, with 3,195 citations. Studies of PCa bone metastasis can be divided into four categories: “basic research,” “auxiliary diagnosis and treatment,” “clinical trial,” and “prognosis.” Conclusion Our results provide a comprehensive overview of the research priorities and future directions of PCa bone metastasis, which can further accurately guide researchers in diagnosis, treatment, and personalized prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Lv
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunming Zhu
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chunming Zhu,
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Kefeng Wang,
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40
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Review old bone, new tricks. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:727-742. [PMID: 35907112 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant progress made over the past decade with combination of molecular profiling data and the development of new clinical strategies, our understanding of metastasis remains elusive. Bone metastasis is a complex process and a major cause of mortality in breast and prostate cancer patients, for which there is no effective treatment to-date. The current review summarizes the routes taken by the metastatic cells and the interactions between them and the bone microenvironment. We emphasize the role of the specified niches and cues that promote cellular adhesion, colonization, prolonged dormancy, and reactivation. Understanding these mechanisms will provide better insights for future studies and treatment strategies for bone metastatic conditions.
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Jiang B, Zhao X, Chen W, Diao W, Ding M, Qin H, Li B, Cao W, Chen W, Fu Y, He K, Gao J, Chen M, Lin T, Deng Y, Yan C, Guo H. Lysosomal protein transmembrane 5 promotes lung-specific metastasis by regulating BMPR1A lysosomal degradation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4141. [PMID: 35842443 PMCID: PMC9288479 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organotropism during cancer metastasis occurs frequently but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we show that lysosomal protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5) promotes lung-specific metastasis in renal cancer. LAPTM5 sustains self-renewal and cancer stem cell-like traits of renal cancer cells by blocking the function of lung-derived bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Mechanistic investigations showed that LAPTM5 recruits WWP2, which binds to the BMP receptor BMPR1A and mediates its lysosomal sorting, ubiquitination and ultimate degradation. BMPR1A expression was restored by the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine. LAPTM5 expression could also serve as an independent predictor of lung metastasis in renal cancer. Lastly, elevation of LAPTM5 expression in lung metastases is a common phenomenon in multiple cancer types. Our results reveal a molecular mechanism underlying lung-specific metastasis and identify LAPTM5 as a potential therapeutic target for cancers with lung metastasis. The mechanisms that confer lung-specific metastasis in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) remain to be detailed. Here the authors show that LAPTM5 contributes to lung-specific metastasis of RCCs by suppressing BMP signalling and thus, enhancing self-renewal and cancer stem cell-like traits of RCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wenli Diao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Haixiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Binghua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wenmin Cao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Kuiqiang He
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Mengxia Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Tingsheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Chao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
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Zhang L, Billet S, Gonzales G, Rohena-Rivera K, Muranaka H, Chu GCY, Yang Q, Kim H, Bhowmick NA, Smith B. Fatty Acid Signaling Impacts Prostate Cancer Lineage Plasticity in an Autocrine and Paracrine Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3449. [PMID: 35884514 PMCID: PMC9318639 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) affects an estimated 250,000 men every year and causes 34,000 deaths annually. A high-fat diet and obesity are associated with PCa progression and mortality. This study's premise was the novel observation of crosstalk between PCa epithelia and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in response to palmitate-mediated lineage plasticity. We found that cholesterol activated canonical Hedgehog (Hh) signaling by increasing cilium Gli activity in PCa cells, while palmitate activated Hh independent of Gli. Exogenous palmitate activated SOX2, a known mediator of lineage plasticity, in PCa cells cocultured with CAF. Stroma-derived Wnt5a was upregulated in CAF while cocultured with PCa cells and treated with palmitate. Wnt5a knockdown in CAF inhibited Hh and SOX2 expression in PCa cells from cocultures. These findings supported our proposed mechanism of a high-fat diet promoting Hh signaling-mediated transformation within the tumor microenvironment. SOX2 and Wnt5a expression were limited by the CD36 neutralizing antibody. Mice xenografted with PCa epithelia and CAF tumors were fed a high-fat diet, leading to elevated SOX2 expression and lineage plasticity reprogramming compared to mice fed an isocaloric rodent diet. CD36 inhibition with enzalutamide elevated apoptosis by TUNEL, but limited proliferation and SOX2 expression compared to enzalutamide alone. This study revealed a mechanism for a high-fat diet to affect prostate cancer progression. We found that saturated fat induced lineage plasticity reprogramming of PCa by interaction with CAF through Wnt5a and Hh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Sandrine Billet
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Gabrielle Gonzales
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Gina Chia-Yi Chu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
| | - Neil A. Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
- Department of Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Bethany Smith
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (L.Z.); (S.B.); (G.G.); (K.R.-R.); (H.M.); (G.C.-Y.C.); (Q.Y.); (H.K.)
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WNT signaling and cancer stemness. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:319-331. [PMID: 35837811 PMCID: PMC9484141 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stemness, defined as the self-renewal and tumor-initiation potential of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is a cancer biology property featuring activation of CSC signaling networks. Canonical WNT signaling through Frizzled and LRP5/6 receptors is transmitted to the β-catenin-TCF/LEF-dependent transcription machinery to up-regulate MYC, CCND1, LGR5, SNAI1, IFNG, CCL28, CD274 (PD-L1) and other target genes. Canonical WNT signaling causes expansion of rapidly cycling CSCs and modulates both immune surveillance and immune tolerance. In contrast, noncanonical WNT signaling through Frizzled or the ROR1/2 receptors is transmitted to phospholipase C, Rac1 and RhoA to control transcriptional outputs mediated by NFAT, AP-1 and YAP-TEAD, respectively. Noncanonical WNT signaling supports maintenance of slowly cycling, quiescent or dormant CSCs and promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition via crosstalk with TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling cascades, while the TGFβ signaling network induces immune evasion. The WNT signaling network orchestrates the functions of cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and fine-tunes stemness in human cancers, such as breast, colorectal, gastric and lung cancers. Here, WNT-related cancer stemness features, including proliferation/dormancy plasticity, epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity and immune-landscape plasticity, will be discussed. Porcupine inhibitors, β-catenin protein–protein interaction inhibitors, β-catenin proteolysis targeting chimeras, ROR1 inhibitors and ROR1-targeted biologics are investigational drugs targeting WNT signaling cascades. Mechanisms of cancer plasticity regulated by the WNT signaling network are promising targets for therapeutic intervention; however, further understanding of context-dependent reprogramming trajectories might be necessary to optimize the clinical benefits of WNT-targeted monotherapy and applied combination therapy for patients with cancer.
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44
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Lin Q, Wu L, Chatla S, Chowdhury FA, Atale N, Joseph J, Du W. Hematopoietic stem cell regeneration through paracrine regulation of the Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling axis. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:155914. [PMID: 35703178 PMCID: PMC9197516 DOI: 10.1172/jci155914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the BM microenvironment (niche) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is critical for HSC regeneration. Here, we show that in mice, deletion of the Fanconi anemia (FA) genes Fanca and Fancc dampened HSC regeneration through direct effects on HSCs and indirect effects on BM niche cells. FA HSCs showed persistent upregulation of the Wnt target Prox1 in response to total body irradiation (TBI). Accordingly, lineage-specific deletion of Prox1 improved long-term repopulation of the irradiated FA HSCs. Forced expression of Prox1 in WT HSCs mimicked the defective repopulation phenotype of FA HSCs. WT mice but not FA mice showed significant induction by TBI of BM stromal Wnt5a protein. Mechanistically, FA proteins regulated stromal Wnt5a expression, possibly through modulating the Wnt5a transcription activator Pax2. Wnt5a treatment of irradiated FA mice enhanced HSC regeneration. Conversely, Wnt5a neutralization inhibited HSC regeneration after TBI. Wnt5a secreted by LepR+CXCL12+ BM stromal cells inhibited β-catenin accumulation, thereby repressing Prox1 transcription in irradiated HSCs. The detrimental effect of deregulated Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling on HSC regeneration was also observed in patients with FA and aged mice. Irradiation induced upregulation of Prox1 in the HSCs of aged mice, and deletion of Prox1 in aged HSCs improved HSC regeneration. Treatment of aged mice with Wnt5a enhanced hematopoietic repopulation. Collectively, these findings identified the paracrine Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling axis as a regulator of HSC regeneration under conditions of injury and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Limei Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Srinivas Chatla
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fabliha A Chowdhury
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neha Atale
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan Joseph
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Du
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Fane ME, Chhabra Y, Alicea GM, Maranto DA, Douglass SM, Webster MR, Rebecca VW, Marino GE, Almeida F, Ecker BL, Zabransky DJ, Hüser L, Beer T, Tang HY, Kossenkov A, Herlyn M, Speicher DW, Xu W, Xu X, Jaffee EM, Aguirre-Ghiso JA, Weeraratna AT. Stromal changes in the aged lung induce an emergence from melanoma dormancy. Nature 2022; 606:396-405. [PMID: 35650435 PMCID: PMC9554951 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated cancer cells from primary tumours can seed in distal tissues, but may take several years to form overt metastases, a phenomenon that is termed tumour dormancy. Despite its importance in metastasis and residual disease, few studies have been able to successfully characterize dormancy within melanoma. Here we show that the aged lung microenvironment facilitates a permissive niche for efficient outgrowth of dormant disseminated cancer cells-in contrast to the aged skin, in which age-related changes suppress melanoma growth but drive dissemination. These microenvironmental complexities can be explained by the phenotype switching model, which argues that melanoma cells switch between a proliferative cell state and a slower-cycling, invasive state1-3. It was previously shown that dermal fibroblasts promote phenotype switching in melanoma during ageing4-8. We now identify WNT5A as an activator of dormancy in melanoma disseminated cancer cells within the lung, which initially enables the efficient dissemination and seeding of melanoma cells in metastatic niches. Age-induced reprogramming of lung fibroblasts increases their secretion of the soluble WNT antagonist sFRP1, which inhibits WNT5A in melanoma cells and thereby enables efficient metastatic outgrowth. We also identify the tyrosine kinase receptors AXL and MER as promoting a dormancy-to-reactivation axis within melanoma cells. Overall, we find that age-induced changes in distal metastatic microenvironments promote the efficient reactivation of dormant melanoma cells in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell E Fane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yash Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gretchen M Alicea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Devon A Maranto
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen M Douglass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Vito W Rebecca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gloria E Marino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Brett L Ecker
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Zabransky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Hüser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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46
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Huang X, Zhang G, Liang T. Subtyping for pancreatic cancer precision therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:482-494. [PMID: 35400559 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cases of pancreatic cancer and associated deaths are increasing consistently and have become a global health concern. Prevalent intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity in pancreatic cancer has been revealed as an important cause of its poor prognosis. However, few precision management strategies have been formulated to treat this complex disease. There is growing evidence supporting the significance of subtyping pancreatic tumors on the basis of their molecular characteristics for improving the accuracy of clinical decision-making on treatment. Here, we summarize the current approaches to classification of pancreatic cancer, and highlight the feasibility and potential defects of their application in precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Russo S, Scotto di Carlo F, Gianfrancesco F. The Osteoclast Traces the Route to Bone Tumors and Metastases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886305. [PMID: 35646939 PMCID: PMC9139841 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are highly specialized cells of the bone, with a unique apparatus responsible for resorption in the process of bone remodeling. They are derived from differentiation and fusion of hematopoietic precursors, committed to form mature osteoclasts in response to finely regulated stimuli produced by bone marrow-derived cells belonging to the stromal lineage. Despite a highly specific function confined to bone degradation, emerging evidence supports their relevant implication in bone tumors and metastases. In this review, we summarize the physiological role of osteoclasts and then focus our attention on their involvement in skeletal tumors, both primary and metastatic. We highlight how osteoclast-mediated bone erosion confers increased aggressiveness to primary tumors, even those with benign features. We also outline how breast and pancreas cancer cells promote osteoclastogenesis to fuel their metastatic process to the bone. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of osteoclasts in reactivating dormant cancer cells within the bone marrow niches for manifestation of overt metastases, even decades after homing of latent disseminated cells. Finally, we point out the importance of counteracting tumor progression and dissemination through pharmacological treatments based on a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast lytic activity and their recruitment from cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Gianfrancesco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
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48
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Lu Z, Zhou Y, Jing Q. Wnt5a-mediated autophagy promotes radiation resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Cancer 2022; 13:2388-2396. [PMID: 35517407 PMCID: PMC9066197 DOI: 10.7150/jca.71526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathways and autophagy play an essential role in tumor progression. Canonical Wnt signaling pathways in radiation resistance have been studied in the past, but it remains unclear whether the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways can affect tumor radiation resistance through protective autophagy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a particular subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, relies on radiation therapy. In this study, we found that radioactive rays could significantly promote the expression of Wnt noncanonical signaling pathways ligands in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, among which Wnt5A was the most markedly altered. We have demonstrated that Wnt5a can reduce the radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vitro experiments. Meanwhile, we found much more greater autophagosomes in overexpressed-Wnt5A nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by electron microscopy. Further mechanism exploration revealed that Beclin1 is the main target of Wnt5A, and knocking down Beclin1 can partially reduce Wnt5a-induced radiation resistance. By studying Wnt5A-mediated protective autophagy in promoting radiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, we hope that the Wnt5A and Beclin1 can become effective targets for overcoming radiation resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandan Zhou
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Changsha, Hunan,410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiancheng Jing
- The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China. Changsha, Hunan, 410001, People's Republic of China
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49
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FBXW2 inhibits prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis via promoting EGFR ubiquitylation and degradation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:268. [PMID: 35499593 PMCID: PMC9061686 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
FBXW2 is a poorly characterized F-box protein, as a tumor suppressor that inhibits growth and metastasis of lung cancer by promoting ubiquitylation and degradation of oncogenic proteins, including SKP2 and β-catenin. However, what the biological functions of FBXW2 in prostate cancer cells and whether FBXW2 targets other substrates to involve in progression of prostate cancer is still unclear. Here, we reported that overexpression of FBXW2 attenuated proliferation and metastasis of PCa models both in vitro and in vivo, while FBXW2 depletion exhibited the opposite effects. Intriguingly, FBXW2 was an E3 ligase for EGFR in prostate cancer. EGFR protein level and its half-life were extended by FBXW2 depletion, while EGFR protein level was decreased, and its half-life was shortened upon overexpression of FBXW2, but not its dominant-negative mutant. Importantly, FBXW2 bond to EGFR via its consensus degron motif (TSNNST), and ubiquitylated and degraded EGFR, resulting in repression of EGF function. Thus, our data uncover a novel that FBXW2 as a tumor suppressor of prostate cancer, inhibits EGFR downstream by promoting EGFR ubiquitination and degradation, resulting in repression of cell proliferation and metastasis.
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50
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Ma F, Arai S, Wang K, Calagua C, Yuan AR, Poluben L, Gu Z, Russo JW, Einstein DJ, Ye H, He MX, Liu Y, Van Allen E, Sowalsky AG, Bhasin MK, Yuan X, Balk SP. Autocrine Canonical Wnt Signaling Primes Noncanonical Signaling through ROR1 in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1518-1533. [PMID: 35131873 PMCID: PMC9018564 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling driven by genomic alterations in genes including APC and CTNNB, which encodes β-catenin, have been implicated in prostate cancer development and progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, nongenomic drivers and downstream effectors of Wnt signaling in prostate cancer and the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway in prostate cancer have not been fully established. Here we analyzed Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer and identified effectors distinct from those found in other tissues, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor and RUNX1, which are linked to stem cell maintenance, and ROR1, a noncanonical Wnt5a coreceptor. Wnt/β-catenin signaling-mediated increases in ROR1 enhanced noncanonical responses to Wnt5a. Regarding upstream drivers, APC genomic loss, but not its epigenetic downregulation commonly observed in prostate cancer, was strongly associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in clinical samples. Tumor cell upregulation of the Wnt transporter Wntless (WLS) was strongly associated with Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity in primary prostate cancer but also associated with both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in mCRPC. IHC confirmed tumor cell WLS expression in primary prostate cancer and mCRPC, and patient-derived prostate cancer xenografts expressing WLS were responsive to treatment with Wnt synthesis inhibitor ETC-1922159. These findings reveal that Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer drives stem cell maintenance and invasion and primes for noncanonical Wnt signaling through ROR1. They further show that autocrine Wnt production is a nongenomic driver of canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in prostate cancer, which can be targeted with Wnt synthesis inhibitors to suppress tumor growth. SIGNIFICANCE This work provides fundamental insights into Wnt signaling and prostate cancer cell biology and indicates that a subset of prostate cancer driven by autocrine Wnt signaling is sensitive to Wnt synthesis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ma
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Seiji Arai
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Urology, Gunma University Hospital; Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Keshan Wang
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Carla Calagua
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Amanda R. Yuan
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Larysa Poluben
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Zhongkai Gu
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Joshua W. Russo
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - David J. Einstein
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Huihui Ye
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Pathology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Meng Xiao He
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA 02115
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Program in System Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eliezer Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA 02115
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT; Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Adam G. Sowalsky
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Manoj K. Bhasin
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Emory School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Steven P. Balk
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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