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Zheng Z, Ye L, Xu Y, Chan EWC, Chen S. Dynamics of antimicrobial resistance and genomic characteristics of foodborne Vibrio spp. in Southern China (2013-2022). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135672. [PMID: 39236546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio spp., known as significant marine pathogens, have become more prevalent due to global warming. Antibiotics released into the environment drive Vibrio resistance. The increasing consumption of seafood leads to more interactions between Vibrio and humans. Despite this concerning trend, there remains a lack of large-scale surveillance for Vibrio contamination across various types of food. This study isolated 4027 Vibrio strains, primarily comprising V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus, in 3581 fresh shrimp and meat products from 2013 to 2022. The Vibrio strains showed increased resistance to important antibiotics, especially β-lactams used to treat foodborne bacterial infections. Whole genome sequencing of 591 randomly chosen strains showed a strong correlation between antibiotic resistance and genotypes in Vibrio. Notably, various ESBL genes have evolved over the past 8 years, with blaVEBs being the most dominant. Additionally, carbapenemase genes, such as blaNDM-1, have become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Various mobile genetic elements, including IncQ and IncA/C plasmids, recoverable in Vibrio, facilitate the transmission of crucial β-lactamase genes. These data provide insights into the evolutionary traits of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne Vibrio strains over a decade. Policymakers should consider these findings when devising appropriate strategies to combat bacterial antimicrobial resistance and safeguard human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zheng
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianwei Ye
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yating Xu
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Morrison BH, Jones JL, Dzwonkowski B, Krause JW. Tracking Vibrio: population dynamics and ecology of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in an Alabama estuary. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0367423. [PMID: 38578091 PMCID: PMC11210274 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03674-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio is a genus of halophilic, gram-negative bacteria found in estuaries around the globe. Integral parts of coastal cultures often involve contact with vectors of pathogenic Vibrio spp. (e.g., consuming raw shellfish). High rates of mortality from certain Vibrio spp. infections demonstrate the need for an improved understanding of Vibrio spp. dynamics in estuarine regions. Our study assessed meteorological, hydrographic, and biological correlates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus at 10 sites in the Eastern Mississippi Sound System (EMSS) from April to October 2019. During the sampling period, median abundances of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were 2.31 log MPN/L and 2.90 log MPN/L, respectively. Vibrio spp. dynamics were largely driven by site-based variation, with sites closest to freshwater inputs having the highest abundances. The E-W wind scalar, which affects Ekman transport, was a novel Vibrio spp. correlate observed. A potential salinity effect on bacterial-particle associations was identified, where V. vulnificus was associated with larger particles in conditions outside of their optimal salinity. Additionally, V. vulnificus abundances were correlated to those of harmful algal species that did not dominate community chlorophyll. Correlates from this study may be used to inform the next iteration of regionally predictive Vibrio models and may lend additional insight to Vibrio spp. ecology in similar systems. IMPORTANCE Vibrio spp. are bacteria found in estuaries worldwide; some species can cause illness and infections in humans. Relationships between Vibrio spp. abundance, salinity, and temperature are well documented, but correlations to other environmental parameters are less understood. This study identifies unique correlates (e.g., E-W wind scalar and harmful algal species) that could potentially inform the next iteration of predictive Vibrio models for the EMSS region. Additionally, these correlates may allow existing environmental monitoring efforts to be leveraged in providing data inputs for future Vibrio risk models. An observed correlation between salinity and V. vulnificus/particle-size associations suggests that predicted environmental changes may affect the abundance of Vibrio spp. in certain reservoirs, which may alter which vectors present the greatest vibrio risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair H Morrison
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
- Stokes School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
- FDA, Division of Seafood Science and Technology, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessica L Jones
- FDA, Division of Seafood Science and Technology, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
| | - Brian Dzwonkowski
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
- Stokes School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Krause
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA
- Stokes School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Ahmed AK, Sijercic VC, Akhtar MS, Elbayomy A, Marouf MA, Zeleke MS, Sayad R, Abdelshafi A, Laird NJ, El‐Mokhtar MA, Ruthig GR, Hetta HF. Cholera rages in Africa and the Middle East: A narrative review on challenges and solutions. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2013. [PMID: 38742091 PMCID: PMC11089255 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Cholera is a life-threatening infectious disease that is still one of the most common acute watery diarrheal diseases in the world today. Acute diarrhea and severe dehydration brought on by cholera can cause hypovolemic shock, which can be fatal in minutes. Without competent clinical therapy, the rate of case fatality surpasses 50%. The purpose of this review was to highlight cholera challenges in Africa and the Middle East and explain the reasons for why this region is currently a fertile environment for cholera. We investigated cholera serology, epidemiology, and the geographical distribution of cholera in Africa and the Middle East in 2022 and 2023. We reviewed detection methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and treatments, such as antibiotics and phage therapy. Finally, this review explored oral cholera vaccines (OCVs), and the vaccine shortage crisis. Methods We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Embase, for studies on cholera using the following keywords: ((Cholera) OR (Vibrio cholera) and (Coronavirus) OR (COVID-19) OR (SARS-CoV2) OR (The Middle East) OR (Africa)). Results and Conclusions Cholera outbreaks have increased dramatically, mainly in Africa and many Middle Eastern countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the attention devoted to cholera and disrupted diagnosis and treatment services, as well as vaccination initiatives. Most of the cholera cases in Africa and the Middle East were reported in Malawi and Syria, respectively, in 2022. RDTs are effective in the early detection of cholera epidemics, especially with limited advanced resources, which is the case in much of Africa. By offering both direct and indirect protection, expanding the use of OCV will significantly reduce the burden of current cholera outbreaks in Africa and the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmed Elbayomy
- Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin−MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mohamed A. Marouf
- Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Mahlet S. Zeleke
- Menelik II Medical and Health Science CollegeKotebe Metropolitan UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Reem Sayad
- Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
| | | | | | - Mohamed A. El‐Mokhtar
- Gilbert & Rose‐Marie Chagoury School of MedicineLebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon
| | | | - Helal F. Hetta
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
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Xiao S, Abade A, Boru W, Kasambara W, Mwaba J, Ongole F, Mmanywa M, Trovão NS, Chilengi R, Kwenda G, Orach CG, Chibwe I, Bwire G, Stine OC, Milstone AM, Lessler J, Azman AS, Luo W, Murt K, Sack DA, Debes AK, Wohl S. New Vibrio cholerae sequences from Eastern and Southern Africa alter our understanding of regional cholera transmission. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.28.24302717. [PMID: 38585829 PMCID: PMC10996759 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.24302717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite ongoing containment and vaccination efforts, cholera remains prevalent in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Part of the difficulty in containing cholera comes from our lack of understanding of how it circulates throughout the region. To better characterize regional transmission, we generated and analyzed 118 Vibrio cholerae genomes collected between 2007-2019 from five different countries in Southern and Eastern Africa. We showed that V. cholerae sequencing can be successful from a variety of sample types and filled in spatial and temporal gaps in our understanding of circulating lineages, including providing some of the first sequences from the 2018-2019 outbreaks in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, and Malawi. Our results present a complex picture of cholera transmission in the region, with multiple lineages found to be co-circulating within several countries. We also find evidence that previously identified sporadic cases may be from larger, undersampled outbreaks, highlighting the need for careful examination of sampling biases and underscoring the need for continued and expanded cholera surveillance across the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoming Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed Abade
- Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Waqo Boru
- Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - John Mwaba
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Zambia
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | | | | | - Roma Chilengi
- Zambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | | | | | | | - O Colin Stine
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Aaron M Milstone
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Lessler
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew S Azman
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wensheng Luo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelsey Murt
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - David A Sack
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amanda K Debes
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Huang Z, Yu K, Lan R, Glenn Morris J, Xiao Y, Ye J, Zhang L, Luo L, Gao H, Bai X, Wang D. Vibrio metschnikovii as an emergent pathogen: analyses of phylogeny and O-antigen and identification of possible virulence characteristics. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2252522. [PMID: 37616379 PMCID: PMC10484048 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2252522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio metschnikovii is an emergent pathogen that causes human infections which may be fatal. However, the phylogenetic characteristics and pathogenicity determinants of V. metschnikovii are poorly understood. Here, the whole-genome features of 103 V. metschnikovii strains isolated from different sources are described. On phylogenetic analysis V. metschnikovii populations could be divided into two major lineages, defined as lineage 1 (L1) and 2 (L2), of which L1 was more likely to be associated with human activity. Meanwhile, we defined 29 V. metschnikovii O-genotypes (VMOg, named VMOg1-VMOg29) by analysis of the O-antigen biosynthesis gene clusters (O-AGCs). Most VMOgs (VMOg1 to VMOg28) were assembled by the Wzx/Wzy pathway, while only VMOg29 used the ABC transporter pathway. Based on the sequence variation of the wzx and wzt genes, an in silico O-genotyping system for V. metschnikovii was developed. Furthermore, nineteen virulence-associated factors involving 161 genes were identified within the V. metschnikovii genomes, including genes encoding motility, adherence, toxins, and secretion systems. In particular, V. metschnikovii was found to promote a high level of cytotoxicity through the synergistic action of the lateral flagella and T6SS. The lateral flagellar-associated flhA gene played an important role in the adhesion and colonization of V. metschnikovii during the early stages of infection. Overall, this study provides an enhanced understanding of the genomic evolution, O-AGCs diversity, and potential pathogenic features of V. metschnikovii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Huang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyi Yu
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - J. Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yue Xiao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Julian Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leyi Zhang
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longze Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Gao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Bai
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Duochun Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Human Pathogenic Culture Collection, China CDC, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Kumar S, Lekshmi M, Stephen J, Ortiz-Alegria A, Ayitah M, Varela MF. Dynamics of efflux pumps in antimicrobial resistance, persistence, and community living of Vibrionaceae. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:7. [PMID: 38017151 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The marine bacteria of the Vibrionaceae family are significant from the point of view of their role in the marine geochemical cycle, as well as symbionts and opportunistic pathogens of aquatic animals and humans. The well-known pathogens of this group, Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus, are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality associated with a range of infections from gastroenteritis to bacteremia acquired through the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood and exposure to seawater containing these pathogens. Although generally regarded as susceptible to commonly employed antibiotics, the antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio spp. has been on the rise in the last two decades, which has raised concern about future infections by these bacteria becoming increasingly challenging to treat. Diverse mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance have been discovered in pathogenic vibrios, the most important being the membrane efflux pumps, which contribute to antimicrobial resistance and their virulence, environmental fitness, and persistence through biofilm formation and quorum sensing. In this review, we discuss the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic vibrios and some of the well-characterized efflux pumps' contributions to the physiology of antimicrobial resistance, host and environment survival, and their pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kumar
- QC Laboratory, Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Manjusha Lekshmi
- QC Laboratory, Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Jerusha Stephen
- QC Laboratory, Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Anely Ortiz-Alegria
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Matthew Ayitah
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Manuel F Varela
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA.
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Hsiao CY, Huang TY, Teng LY, Chen HY, Hsiao CT, Tsai YH, Kuo SF. Initial skin necrosis presentation at emergency room was associated with fulminant clinical course and mortality in patients with Vibrio necrotizing fasciitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18410. [PMID: 37891231 PMCID: PMC10611701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening infection. Skin necrosis is an important skin sign of NF. The purposes of this study was to investigate the initial skin conditions of Vibrio NF patients between emergency room (ER) to preoperative status, to compare the clinical and laboratory risk indicators of the skin necrosis group and non-skin necrosis group when they arrived at ER, and to evaluate whether initial cutaneous necrosis related to fulminant course and higher fatalities. From 2015 to 2019, seventy-two Vibrio NF patients with surgical confirmation were enrolled. We identified 25 patients for inclusion in the skin necrosis group and 47 patients for inclusion in the non-skin necrosis group due to the appearance of skin lesion at ER. Seven patients died, resulting in a mortality rate of 9.7%. Six patients of skin necrosis group and one patient of non-skin necrosis group died, which revealed the skin necrosis group had a significantly higher mortality rate than the non-skin necrosis group. All the patients in the skin necrosis group and 30 patients of non-skin necrosis group developed serous or hemorrhagic bullous lesions before operation (p = 0.0003). The skin necrosis group had a significantly higher incidence of APACHE score, postoperative intubation, Intensive care unit stay, septic shock, leukopenia, higher counts of banded leukocytes, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and lower serum albumin level. Vibrio NF patients presenting skin necrosis at ER were significantly associated with fulminant clinical courses and higher mortality. Physicians should alert the appearance of skin necrosis at ER to early suspect NF and treat aggressively by those clinical and laboratory risk indicators, such as elevated APACHE score, shock, leukopenia, higher banded leukocytes, elevated CRP, and hypoalbuminia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuan Hsiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 8, West Sec, Chia-Pu Road, Putz City, Chiayi County, 61363, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsung-Yu Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Taoyuan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Microbiology Research and Treatment Center, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Teng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yen Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 8, West Sec, Chia-Pu Road, Putz City, Chiayi County, 61363, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsiao
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Taoyuan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yao-Hung Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 8, West Sec, Chia-Pu Road, Putz City, Chiayi County, 61363, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University at Taoyuan, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Shu-Fang Kuo
- Microbiology Research and Treatment Center, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi County, 61363, Taiwan
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8
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Taty N, Bompangue D, de Richemond NM, Muyembe JJ. Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera in the Democratic Republic of the Congo before and during the implementation of the Multisectoral Cholera Elimination Plan: a cross-sectional study from 2000 to 2021. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1592. [PMID: 37608355 PMCID: PMC10463990 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) implemented the first strategic Multisectoral Cholera Elimination Plan (MCEP) in 2008-2012. Two subsequent MCEPs have since been implemented covering the periods 2013-2017 and 2018-2021. The current study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera over the recent 22-year period to determine the impact of the MCEPs on cholera epidemics, establish lessons learned and provide an evidence-based foundation to improve the implementation of the next MCEP (2023-2027). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, secondary weekly epidemiological cholera data covering the 2000-2021 period was extracted from the DRC Ministry of Health surveillance databases. The data series was divided into four periods: pre-MCEP 2003-2007 (pre-MCEP), first MCEP (MCEP-1), second MCEP (MCEP-2) and third MCEP (MCEP-3). For each period, we assessed the overall cholera profiles and seasonal patterns. We analyzed the spatial dynamics and identified cholera risk clusters at the province level. We also assessed the evolution of cholera sanctuary zones identified during each period. RESULTS During the 2000-2021 period, the DRC recorded 520,024 suspected cases and 12,561 deaths. The endemic provinces remain the most affected with more than 75% of cases, five of the six endemic provinces were identified as risk clusters during each MCEP period (North Kivu, South Kivu, Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami and Haut-Katanga). Several health zones were identified as cholera sanctuary zones during the study period: 14 health zones during MCEP-1, 14 health zones during MCEP-2 and 29 health zones during MCEP-3. Over the course of the study period, seasonal cholera patterns remained constant, with one peak during the dry season and one peak during the rainy season. CONCLUSION Despite the implementation of three MCEPs, the cholera context in the DRC remains largely unchanged since the pre-MCEP period. To better orient cholera elimination activities, the method used to classify priority health zones should be optimized by analyzing epidemiological; water, sanitation and hygiene; socio-economic; environmental and health indicators at the local level. Improvements should also be made regarding the implementation of the MCEP, reporting of funded activities and surveillance of cholera cases. Additional studies should aim to identify specific bottlenecks and gaps in the coordination and strategic efforts of cholera elimination interventions at the local, national and international levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Taty
- Laboratoire de géographie et d'aménagement de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France.
- Service d'Ecologie et Contrôle des Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, République démocratique, Congo.
- Programme National d'Elimination du choléra et de lutte contre les autres maladies diarrhéiques, Ministère de la Santé, Hygiène et Prévention, République démocratique, Congo.
| | - Didier Bompangue
- Service d'Ecologie et Contrôle des Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, République démocratique, Congo
- Programme National d'Elimination du choléra et de lutte contre les autres maladies diarrhéiques, Ministère de la Santé, Hygiène et Prévention, République démocratique, Congo
- Laboratory Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nancy Meschinet de Richemond
- Laboratoire de géographie et d'aménagement de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - J J Muyembe
- Institut National des Recherches Biomédicales, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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9
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Tambuzzi S, Maciocco F, Gentile G, Boracchi M, Bailo P, Marchesi M, Zoja R. Applications of microbiology to different forensic scenarios - A narrative review. J Forensic Leg Med 2023; 98:102560. [PMID: 37451142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other forensic disciplines, forensic microbiology is still too often considered a "side activity" and is not able to make a real and concrete contribution to forensic investigations. Indeed, the various application aspects of this discipline still remain a niche activity and, as a result, microbiological investigations are often omitted or only approximated, in part due to poor report in the literature. However, in certain situations, forensic microbiology can prove to be extremely effective, if not crucial, when all other disciplines fail. Precisely because microorganisms can represent forensic evidence, in this narrative review all the major pathological forensic applications described in the literature have been presented. The goal of our review is to highlight the versatility and transversality of microbiology in forensic science and to provide a comprehensive source of literature to refer to when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Tambuzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli, 37, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Maciocco
- Azienda Ospedaliera "San Carlo Borromeo", Servizio di Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale (SIMT), Via Pio II°, n. 3, Milano, Italy
| | - Guendalina Gentile
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli, 37, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Michele Boracchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli, 37, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Marchesi
- ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zoja
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Sezione di Medicina Legale e delle Assicurazioni, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli, 37, 20133, Milano, Italy
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10
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Hirshfeld B, Lavelle K, Lee KY, Atwill ER, Kiang D, Bolkenov B, Gaa M, Li Z, Yu A, Li X, Yang X. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. in retail shrimp in Northern California. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192769. [PMID: 37455729 PMCID: PMC10338826 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Shrimp is one of the most consumed seafood products globally. Antimicrobial drugs play an integral role in disease mitigation in aquaculture settings, but their prevalent use raises public health concerns on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Vibrio spp., as the most common causative agents of seafood-borne infections in humans, and Enterococcus spp., as an indicator organism, are focal bacteria of interest for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in seafood. In this study, 400 samples of retail shrimp were collected from randomly selected grocery stores in the Greater Sacramento, California, area between September 2019 and June 2020. The prevalence of Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. was 60.25% (241/400) and 89.75% (359/400), respectively. Subsamples of Vibrio (n = 110) and Enterococcus (n = 110) isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Vibrio isolates had high phenotypic resistance to ampicillin (52/110, 47.27%) and cefoxitin (39/110, 35.45%). Enterococcus were most frequently resistant to lincomycin (106/110, 96.36%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (96/110, 87.27%), ciprofloxacin (93/110, 84.55%), linezolid (86/110, 78.18%), and erythromycin (58/110, 52.73%). For both Vibrio and Enterococcus, no significant associations were observed between multidrug resistance (MDR, resistance to ≥3 drug classes) in isolates from farm raised and wild caught shrimp (p > 0.05) and in isolates of domestic and imported origin (p > 0.05). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of a subset of Vibrio isolates (n = 42) speciated isolates as primarily V. metschnikovii (24/42; 57.14%) and V. parahaemolyticus (12/42; 28.57%), and detected 27 unique antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) across these isolates, most commonly qnrVC6 (19.05%, 8/42), dfrA31 (11.90%, 5/42), dfrA6 (9.5%, 4/42), qnrVC1 (9.5%, 4/42). Additionally, WGS predicted phenotypic resistance in Vibrio isolates with an overall sensitivity of 11.54% and specificity of 96.05%. This study provides insights on the prevalence and distribution of AMR in Vibrio spp. and Enterococcus spp. from retail shrimp in California which are important for food safety and public health and exemplifies the value of surveillance in monitoring the spread of AMR and its genetic determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady Hirshfeld
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kurtis Lavelle
- Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Katie Yen Lee
- Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Edward Robert Atwill
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - David Kiang
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States
| | - Bakytzhan Bolkenov
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Megan Gaa
- Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Zhirong Li
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States
| | - Alice Yu
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, United States
| | - Xunde Li
- Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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11
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Rodriguez-Quijada C, Lyons C, Sanchez-Purra M, Santamaria C, Leonardo BM, Quinn S, Tlusty MF, Shiaris M, Hamad-Schifferli K. Gold Nanoparticle Paper Immunoassays for Sensing the Presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Oyster Hemolymph. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19494-19502. [PMID: 37305279 PMCID: PMC10249105 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seafood contamination with Vibrio bacteria is a problem for aquaculture, especially with oysters, which are often consumed raw. Current methods for diagnosing bacterial pathogens in seafood involve lab-based assays such as polymerase chain reaction or culturing, which are time consuming and must occur in a centralized location. Detection of Vibrio in a point-of-care assay would be a significant tool for food safety control measures. We report here a paper immunoassay that can detect the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) in buffer and oyster hemolymph. The test uses gold nanoparticles conjugated to polyclonal anti-Vibrio antibodies in a paper-based sandwich immunoassay. A sample is added to the strip and wicked through by capillary action. If Vp is present, it results in a visible color at the test area that can be read out by eyes or a standard mobile phone camera. The assay has a limit of detection of 6.05 × 105 cfu/mL and a cost estimate of $5 per test. Receiver operating characteristic curves with validated environmental samples showed a test sensitivity of 0.96 and a specificity of 1.00. Because the assay is inexpensive and can be used on Vp directly without the requirement for culturing, or sophisticated equipment, it has the potential to be used in fieldable settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Quijada
- Department
of Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Casandra Lyons
- Department
of Biology, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Maria Sanchez-Purra
- Department
of Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Charles Santamaria
- Department
of Biology, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Brianna M. Leonardo
- Department
of Biology, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Sara Quinn
- Department
of Biology, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Michael F. Tlusty
- School
for the Environment, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Michael Shiaris
- Department
of Biology, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- School
for the Environment, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125 United States
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department
of Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- School
for the Environment, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, Massachusetts 02125 United States
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12
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Hassan M, Mohd Ali MR, Zamri HF, Nor Amdan NA, Azmai MNA, Maniam S, Mohamed Alipiah N, Hashim R. Distribution, Prevalence, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Infectious Noncholera Vibrio Species in Malaysia. J Trop Med 2023; 2023:2716789. [PMID: 37274080 PMCID: PMC10238136 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2716789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The noncholera Vibrio spp. which cause vibriosis are abundantly found in our water ecosystem. These bacteria could negatively affect both humans and animals. To date, there is a paucity of information available on the existence and pathogenicity of this particular noncholera Vibrio spp. in Malaysia in comparison to their counterpart, Vibrio cholera. Methods In this study, we extracted retrospective data from Malaysian surveillance database. Analysis was carried out using WHONET software focusing noncholera Vibrio spp. including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio hollisae (Grimontia hollisae), Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio metschnikovii, and Vibrio furnissii. Results Here, we report the first distribution and prevalence of these species isolated in Malaysia together with the antibiotic sensitivity profile based on the species. We found that V. parahaemolyticus is the predominant species isolated in Malaysia. Noticeably, across the study period, V. fluvialis is becoming more prevalent, as compared to V. parahaemolyticus. In addition, this study also reports the first isolation of pathogenic V. furnissii from stool in Malaysia. Conclusion These data represent an important step toward understanding the potential emergence of noncholera Vibrio spp. outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murnihayati Hassan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hana Farizah Zamri
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Asyura Nor Amdan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai
- Aquatic Animal Health & Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saraswathiy Maniam
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norfarrah Mohamed Alipiah
- Aquatic Animal Health & Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rohaidah Hashim
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Center (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Complex, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Ayala AJ, Ogbunugafor CB. When Vibrios Take Flight: A Meta-Analysis of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Wild and Domestic Birds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:295-336. [PMID: 36792882 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Of the over 100 species in the genus Vibrio, approximately twelve are associated with clinical disease, such as cholera and vibriosis. Crucially, eleven of those twelve, including Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus, have been isolated from birds. Since 1965, pathogenic Vibrio species have been consistently isolated from aquatic and ground-foraging bird species, which has implications for public health, as well as the One Health paradigm defined as an ecology-inspired, integrative framework for the study of health and disease, inclusive of environmental, human, and animal health. In this meta-analysis, we identified 76 studies from the primary literature which report on or examine birds as hosts for pathogenic Vibrio species. We found that the burden of disease in birds was most commonly associated with V. cholerae, followed by V. metschnikovii and V. parahaemolyticus. Meta-analysis wide prevalence of our Vibrio pathogens varied from 19% for V. parahaemolyticus to 1% for V. mimicus. Wild and domestic birds were both affected, which may have implications for conservation, as well as agriculturally associated avian species. As pathogenic Vibrios become more abundant throughout the world as a result of warming estuaries and oceans, susceptible avian species should be continually monitored as potential reservoirs for these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Ayala
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Brandon Ogbunugafor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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14
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Balasubramanian D, López-Pérez M, Almagro-Moreno S. Cholera Dynamics and the Emergence of Pandemic Vibrio cholerae. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:127-147. [PMID: 36792874 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the aquatic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Interestingly, to date, only one major clade has emerged to cause pandemic disease in humans: the clade that encompasses the strains from the O1 and O139 serogroups. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the virulence factors and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) associated with the emergence of pandemic V. cholerae strains and highlight novel findings such as specific genomic background or interactions between MGEs that explain their confined distribution. Finally, we discuss pandemic cholera dynamics contextualizing them within the evolution of the bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Balasubramanian
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mario López-Pérez
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Evolutionary Genomics Group, División de Microbiología, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Almagro-Moreno
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
- National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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15
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Chakraborty S, Velagic M, Connor S. Development of a simple, rapid, and sensitive molecular diagnostic assay for cholera. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011113. [PMID: 36745674 PMCID: PMC9934353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholera continues to inflict high rates of morbidity and mortality. Prompt identification of cholera cases facilitates rapid outbreak responses in the short term while providing reliable surveillance data to guide long-term policies and interventions. Microbiological stool culture, the current recognized gold standard for diagnosing cholera, has significant limitations. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) represent promising alternatives for diagnosing cholera in areas with limited laboratory infrastructure. However, studies conducted with the current cholera RDTs demonstrated wide variations in sensitivity and specificity. To address this gap in the diagnosis of cholera, we developed a simple, rapid, and sensitive diagnostic assay, "Rapid LAMP based Diagnostic Test (RLDT)." With a novel, simple sample preparation method directly from the fecal samples along with lyophilized reaction strips and using established Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) platform, cholera toxin gene (ctxA) and O1 (O1rfb) gene could be detected in less than an hour. Cholera RLDT assay is cold chain and electricity-free. To avoid any end-user bias, a battery-operated, handheld reader was used to read the RLDT results. The performance specifications of the cholera RLDT assay, including analytical sensitivity and specificity, were evaluated using direct fecal samples, dried fecal samples on filter paper, and environmental water samples spiked with cholera strain. The limit of detection (LOD) was ~104 CFU/gm of stool for both ctxA and O1 genes, corresponding to about 1 CFU of Vibrio cholerae per reaction within 40 minutes. The LOD was 10 bacteria per ml of environmental water when tested with RLDT directly, without enrichment. Being simple, RLDT has the potential to be applied in resource-poor endemic settings for rapid, sensitive, and reliable diagnosis of cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Chakraborty
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mirza Velagic
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sean Connor
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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16
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Hoefler F, Pouget-Abadie X, Roncato-Saberan M, Lemarié R, Takoudju EM, Raffi F, Corvec S, Le Bras M, Cazanave C, Lehours P, Guimard T, Allix-Béguec C. Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics and Therapeutic Management of Patients with Vibrio Infections, Bay of Biscay, France, 2001-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2367-2373. [PMID: 36418019 PMCID: PMC9707594 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.220748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncholera vibriosis is a rare, opportunistic bacterial infection caused by Vibrio spp. other than V. cholerae O1/O139 and diagnosed mainly during the hot summer months in patients after seaside activities. Detailed knowledge of circulating pathogenic strains and heterogeneities in infection outcomes and disease dynamics may help in patient management. We conducted a multicenter case-series study documenting Vibrio infections in 67 patients from 8 hospitals in the Bay of Biscay, France, over a 19-year period. Infections were mainly caused by V. alginolyticus (34%), V. parahaemolyticus (30%), non-O1/O139 V. cholerae (15%), and V. vulnificus (10%). Drug-susceptibility testing revealed intermediate and resistant strains to penicillins and first-generation cephalosporins. The acute infections (e.g., those involving digestive disorder, cellulitis, osteitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis) led to a life-threatening event (septic shock), amputation, or death in 36% of patients. Physicians may need to add vibriosis to their list of infections to assess in patients with associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Pouget-Abadie
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Mariam Roncato-Saberan
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Romain Lemarié
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Eve-Marie Takoudju
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - François Raffi
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Stéphane Corvec
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | | | - Charles Cazanave
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Philippe Lehours
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Thomas Guimard
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
| | - Caroline Allix-Béguec
- Centre Hospitalier La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France (F. Hoefler, X. Pouget-Abadie, M. Roncato-Saberan, R. Lemarié, C. Allix-Béguec)
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France (E.-M. Takoudju, T. Guimard)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France (F. Raffi, S. Corvec, M. Le Bras)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France (C. Cazanave, P. Lehours)
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Shrestha AB, Khatroth S, Malreddy A, Issa FA, Shrestha S, Shrestha S. Cholera amid COVID-19: Call from three nations; India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104936. [PMCID: PMC9661447 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Covid-19 was a major pandemic of the 21st century that flinched away every individual worldwide. The extensive impact of this rapidly spreading deadly virus doomed the health care systems with the unexpected wave wreaked havoc leading to a global health crisis. It has been a high burden on the functioning existing medical system, overloads health professionals, disruption of the medical supply chain. The economy of the nations has been at losses with a significant slowing down in revenue growth over the past 2 years. After taking its toll, drawing away other diseases including cholera. The three developing nations; India, Bangladesh and Nepal, are now at the verge of facing an outbreak of Cholera. It is not surprising to hear cholera in this nation but the fact that its negligence due to Covid-19 pandemic and monkeypox along with a crumbled health system due to the pandemic has made these nations vulnerable for health crisis. Along with this three nations, cholera has made its way to different parts of this globe and it is high time that attention must be drawn towards it as mismanagement could even cause life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shumneva Shrestha
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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18
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Alqassim SS. Functional Mimicry of Eukaryotic Actin Assembly by Pathogen Effector Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911606. [PMID: 36232907 PMCID: PMC9569871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton lies at the heart of many essential cellular processes. There are hundreds of proteins that cells use to control the size and shape of actin cytoskeletal networks. As such, various pathogens utilize different strategies to hijack the infected eukaryotic host actin dynamics for their benefit. These include the control of upstream signaling pathways that lead to actin assembly, control of eukaryotic actin assembly factors, encoding toxins that distort regular actin dynamics, or by encoding effectors that directly interact with and assemble actin filaments. The latter class of effectors is unique in that, quite often, they assemble actin in a straightforward manner using novel sequences, folds, and molecular mechanisms. The study of these mechanisms promises to provide major insights into the fundamental determinants of actin assembly, as well as a deeper understanding of host-pathogen interactions in general, and contribute to therapeutic development efforts targeting their respective pathogens. This review discusses mechanisms and highlights shared and unique features of actin assembly by pathogen effectors that directly bind and assemble actin, focusing on eukaryotic actin nucleator functional mimics Rickettsia Sca2 (formin mimic), Burkholderia BimA (Ena/VASP mimic), and Vibrio VopL (tandem WH2-motif mimic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif S Alqassim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Building 14, Dubai Health Care City, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
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19
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Kumarage PM, De Silva LADS, Heo GJ. Aquatic environments: A Potential Source of Antimicrobial-Resistant Vibrio spp. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2267-2279. [PMID: 35797342 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio spp. are associated with water and seafood-related outbreaks worldwide. They are naturally present in aquatic environments such as seawater, brackish water and freshwater environments. These aquatic environments serve as the main reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant genes and promote the transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial species to aquatic animals and humans through the aquatic food chain. Vibrio spp. are known as etiological agents of cholera and non-cholera Vibrio infections in humans and animals. Antimicrobial-resistant Vibrio species have become a huge threat in regard to treating Vibrio infections in aquaculture and public health. Most of the Vibrio spp. possess resistance towards the commonly used antimicrobials, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, quinolones and macrolides. The aim of this review is to summarize the antimicrobial resistance properties of Vibrio spp. isolated from aquatic environments to provide awareness about potential health risks related to Vibrio infections in aquaculture and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Kumarage
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - L A D S De Silva
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Gang-Joon Heo
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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20
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Santajit S, Kong-ngoen T, Tunyong W, Pumirat P, Ampawong S, Sookrung N, Indrawattana N. Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and biofilm formation capacity of Vibrio spp. and Aeromonas spp. isolated from raw seafood marketed in Bangkok, Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:1887-1895. [PMID: 36185513 PMCID: PMC9394122 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1887-1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Bacteria of the genera Vibrio and Aeromonas cause seafood-borne zoonoses, which may have a significant impact on food safety, economy, and public health worldwide. The presence of drug-resistant and biofilm-forming phenotypes in the food chain increases the risk for consumers. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics, virulence, biofilm production, and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens isolated from seafood markets in Bangkok, Thailand. Materials and Methods A total of 120 retail seafood samples were collected from 10 local markets in Bangkok and peripheral areas. All samples were cultured and the Vibrio and Aeromonas genera were isolated using selective agar and biochemical tests based on standard protocols (ISO 21872-1: 2017). The antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted using the disk diffusion method. The presence of hemolysis and protease production was also investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the presence of the hlyA gene. Furthermore, biofilm formation was characterized by microtiter plate assay and scanning electron microscopy. Results The bacterial identification test revealed that 35/57 (61.4%) belonged to the Vibrio genus and 22/57 (38.6%) to the Aeromonas genus. The Kirby-Bauer test demonstrated that 61.4% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 45.61% had a high multiple antibiotic resistance index (≥0.2). PCR analysis indicated that 75.44% of the bacteria harbored the hlyA gene. Among them, 63.16% exhibited the hemolysis phenotype and 8.77% showed protease activity. The biofilm formation assay demonstrated that approximately 56.14% of all the isolates had the potential to produce biofilms. The moderate biofilm production was the predominant phenotype. Conclusion The results of this study provide evidence of the multiple drug resistance phenotype and biofilm formation capacity of Vibrio and Aeromonas species contaminating raw seafood. Effective control measures and active surveillance of foodborne zoonoses are crucial for food safety and to decrease the occurrence of diseases associated with seafood consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirijan Santajit
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, 80160, Thailand
- Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Tha Sala, 80160, Thailand
| | - Thida Kong-ngoen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Witawat Tunyong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornpan Pumirat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nitat Sookrung
- Biomedical Research Incubator Unit, Department of Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nitaya Indrawattana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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21
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Onohuean H, Agwu E, Nwodo UU. A Global Perspective of Vibrio Species and Associated Diseases: Three-Decade Meta-Synthesis of Research Advancement. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221099406. [PMID: 35601189 PMCID: PMC9121474 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221099406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of Vibrio infections have a long history of global public health concern and threat to the aquaculture industry. This 3-decade (1990-2019) meta-synthesis of global research progress in Vibrio species and associated disease outbreaks was undertaken to generate the knowledge needed to design effective interventions with policy implications. Using PRISMA protocol, we obtained data on the online version of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus from January 1990 to September 2021 by title search of the keywords "Vibrio species OR Vibrio spp. OR vibriosis." On the 3-decade survey, the result has shown that a total of 776 publications document types were published on the subject, with an average of 24.25 ± 13.6 published documents per year with an annual growth rate of 4.71%. The year 2020 recorded the highest output of 52 published documents accounting for 6.70% of the total. The most prolific author, Blanch A., published 12 articles on the subject and has received citations of 1003 with an h-index of 10. While the most global cited paper author is the journal of J. Bacteriol (Bassler et al), receiving total citation (TC) (550) and per Year (22). The top active corresponding authors country is the United States of America with (92) articles, freq. 12.40%; TC of 3103. The observations in this study, such as the collaborations network map, and index, which have outlined a big difference between countries based on economic status, have underscored the need for a sustained research mentorship program that can define future policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Onohuean
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University,
Western Campus, Uganda
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine,
and Tropical Diseases Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University,
Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ezera Agwu
- Biomolecules, Metagenomics, Endocrine,
and Tropical Diseases Research Group (BMETDREG), Kampala International University,
Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
- Department of Microbiology and
Immunology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka, Bushenyi,
Kampala, Uganda
| | - UU Nwodo
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality
Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of
Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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22
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Igere BE, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Non-serogroup O1/O139 agglutinable Vibrio cholerae: a phylogenetically and genealogically neglected yet emerging potential pathogen of clinical relevance. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:323. [PMID: 35567650 PMCID: PMC9107296 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic antigen agglutinable type-1/139 Vibrio cholerae (SAAT-1/139-Vc) members or O1/O139 V. cholerae have been described by various investigators as pathogenic due to their increasing virulence potential and production of choleragen. Reported cholera outbreak cases around the world have been associated with these choleragenic V. cholerae with high case fatality affecting various human and animals. These virulent Vibrio members have shown genealogical and phylogenetic relationship with the avirulent somatic antigen non-agglutinable strains of 1/139 V. cholerae (SANAS-1/139- Vc) or O1/O139 non-agglutinating V. cholerae (O1/O139-NAG-Vc). Reports on implication of O1/O139-NAGVc members in most sporadic cholera/cholera-like cases of diarrhea, production of cholera toxin and transmission via consumption and/or contact with contaminated water/seafood are currently on the rise. Some reported sporadic cases of cholera outbreaks and observed change in nature has also been tracable to these non-agglutinable Vibrio members (O1/O139-NAGVc) yet there is a sustained paucity of research interest on the non-agglutinable V. cholerae members. The emergence of fulminating extraintestinal and systemic vibriosis is another aspect of SANAS-1/139- Vc implication which has received low attention in terms of research driven interest. This review addresses the need to appraise and continually expand research based studies on the somatic antigen non-serogroup agglutinable type-1/139 V. cholerae members which are currently prevalent in studies of water bodies, fruits/vegetables, foods and terrestrial environment. Our opinion is amassed from interest in integrated surveillance studies, management/control of cholera outbreaks as well as diarrhea and other disease-related cases both in the rural, suburban and urban metropolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright E Igere
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Western Delta University, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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23
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Blackburn K, Green D. The potential effects of microplastics on human health: What is known and what is unknown. AMBIO 2022; 51:518-530. [PMID: 34185251 PMCID: PMC8800959 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination is ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial environments, found in water, sediments, within organisms and in the atmosphere and the biological effects on animal and plant life have been extensively investigated in recent years. There is growing evidence that humans are exposed to microplastics via ingestion of food and drink and through inhalation. Despite the prevalence of contamination, there has been limited research on the effects of microplastics on human health and most studies, to date, analyse the effects on model organisms with the likely impacts on human health being inferred by extrapolation. This review summarises the latest findings in the field with respect to the prevalence of microplastics in the human-environment, to what extent they might enter and persist in the body, and what effect, if any, they are likely to have on human health. Whilst definitive evidence linking microplastic consumption to human health is currently lacking, results from correlative studies in people exposed to high concentrations of microplastics, model animal and cell culture experiments, suggest that effects of microplastics could include provoking immune and stress responses and inducing reproductive and developmental toxicity. Further research is required to explore the potential implications of this recent contaminant in our environment in more rigorous clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Blackburn
- Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Room 302 Science Centre, Cambridge, CB1 1PT UK
- Biomedical Sciences Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA UK
| | - Dannielle Green
- Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Room 302 Science Centre, Cambridge, CB1 1PT UK
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24
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Teixeira JS, Weedmark K, Dussault F, Banerjee S. Whole-Genome Sequences of Vibrio Species from Warm-Water Shrimps Imported into Canada: Detection of Genetic Elements Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance and Potential Mobilizing Capacities. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022; 11:e0101421. [PMID: 35112905 PMCID: PMC8819801 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01014-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present draft genome sequences of Vibrio species (Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, and two Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains) that were isolated from warm-water shrimps imported into Canada. All four isolates harbor genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR), including mobile genetic elements that can promote horizontal transfer of AMR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly Weedmark
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Forest Dussault
- Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Swapan Banerjee
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Onohuean H, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Antibiogram signatures of Vibrio species recovered from surface waters in South Western districts of Uganda: Implications for environmental pollution and infection control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150706. [PMID: 34600994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reports of vibriosis and other related gastrointestinal infections have remained a recurring concern in the diverse global continent. The safety of drinking surface water and associated environmental pollution has remained a public health concern in limited resource sittings. Seen in this light, we report the antibiogram signatures of Vibrio species recovered from surface waters in the South-Western districts of Uganda. Surface water samples were collected for four months for Vibrio species isolation in four districts (Bushenyi-B, Mitooma-M, Rubirizi-R, and Sheema-S) using bacteria culture procedures, disc diffusion and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Isolates were characterised, and the antibiotic fingerprints were determined using PCR and nine selected antibiotics in routine use. A total of 392 Vibrio species were confirmed from the various districts (B: 172, M: 79. R: 60, S: 81), with 163 (94.77%) resistant to colistin (polymixin), 145 (84.3%) resistant to cefotaxime, 127 (73.84%) resistant to azithromycin, and 33 (19.19%) resistant to chloramphenicol among Bushenyi isolates. A similar high resistance to fluoroquinolones and carbapenem antibiotics were also recorded in other districts of the study area. A complete multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype ((M)ARPs) to the applied antibiotics (A-CTX-CXM-MEM-ATH-K-TM-C-PB-NI-CIP-NA) were also recorded among some isolates, which produced multiple antibiotic resistance indexes of 1, suggesting a high-risk source of contamination due to the usage of several antibiotics. The PCR reports also confirm ampC gene {20 (10.9%)}, beta-lactamase TEM gene (blaTEM2), {30 (10%)} and dihydropteroate synthase type-1 and 11 gene (sul 1 & 11) {16 (8%)}. The results present an implicated environmental pollution problem and a potential concern to public health, therefore there is the need for control of such infectious bacteria and environmental pollution monitoring. Hence, it is recommended various approaches crucial to monitoring of emerging trends in drug resistance at the local and international levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Onohuean
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Biopharmaceutics unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western-Campus, Uganda.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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26
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Community-Based 16S rDNA Fingerprinting Analysis of Geographically Distinct Marine Sediments of Unexplored Coastal Regions of Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:60. [PMID: 34982232 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to carefully delineate the bacterial community composition in marine sediments from different geographical coastal regions of Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar that are known for human recreational activities. Bacterial richness in different marine sediments was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) which is a widely deployed fingerprinting technique. The DGGE profiles revealed that the bacterial community profiles of sediment from different coastal regions were complex and dynamic. The most dominant phylum present in the marine sediment samples were Proteobacteria followed by Cyanobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Cosmopolitan presence of Thioalkalivibrio sp. was observed in all the marine sediments. Sequencing of the abundant band reveals the presence of Vibrio spp. in all the marine sediments. Comparative illumina data analysis revealed the presence of 51 different Vibrio species in which Vibrio alginolyticus holds the highest abundance (67.2%) followed by V. harveyi (13.5%). This is the one of the very few reports that compared the complex microbial community composition of the marine sediments of different geographical regions of unexplored coastal region. Further in-depth analysis needs to be taken to understand the presence of complex microbial compositions and their functions through high-throughput whole metagenome sequencing and metaproteomic approaches.
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27
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PIRES MARTINS VG, DOS SANTOS NASCIMENTO J, DA SILVA MARTINS FM, CEOTTO VIGODER H. Vibriosis and its impact on microbiological food safety. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.65321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Onohuean H, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Epidemiologic potentials and correlational analysis of Vibrio species and virulence toxins from water sources in greater Bushenyi districts, Uganda. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22429. [PMID: 34789791 PMCID: PMC8599681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate water supply is one of the public health issues among the population living in low-income settings. Vibriosis remain a significant health challenge drawing the attention of both healthcare planners and researchers in South West districts of Uganda. Intending to clamp down the disease cases in the safest water deprive locality, we investigated the virulent toxins as contaminants and epidemiologic potentials of Vibrio species recovered from surface waters in greater Bushenyi districts, Uganda. Surface water sources within 46 villages located in the study districts were obtained between June and October 2018. Standard microbiological and molecular methods were used to analyse samples. Our results showed that 981 presumptive isolates retrieved cell counts of 10-100 CFU/g, with, with (640) 65% confirmed as Vibrio genus using polymerase chain reaction, which is distributed as follows; V. vulnificus 46/640 (7.2%), V. fluvialis 30/594 (5.1), V. parahaemolyticus 21/564 (3.7), V. cholera 5/543 (0.9), V. alginolyticus 62/538 (11.5) and V. mimicus 20/476 (4.2). The virulence toxins observed were heat-stable enterotoxin (stn) 46 (82.10%), V. vulnificus virulence gene (vcgCPI) 40 (87.00%), extracellular haemolysin gene {vfh 21 (70.00)} and Heme utilization protein gene {hupO 5 (16.70)}. The cluster analysis depicts hupO (4.46% n = 112); vfh (18.75%, n = 112); vcgCPI and stn (35.71%, & 41.07%, n = 112). The principal component analysis revealed the toxins (hupO, vfh) were correlated with the isolate recovered from Bohole water (BW) source, while (vcgCPI, stn) toxins are correlated with natural raw water (NRW) and open springs (OS) water sources isolates. Such observation indicates that surface waters sources are highly contaminated with an odds ratio of 1.00, 95% CI (70.48-90.5), attributed risk of (aR = 64.29) and relative risk of (RR = 73.91). In addition, it also implies that the surface waters sources have > 1 risk of contamination with vfh and > six times of contamination with hupO (aR = 40, - 66). This is a call of utmost importance to the population, which depends on these water sources to undertake appropriate sanitation, personal hygienic practices and potential measures that ensure water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Onohuean
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
- Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Western-Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag 1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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29
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Mathieu-Denoncourt A, Duperthuy M. Secretome analysis reveals a role of subinhibitory concentrations of polymyxin B in the survival of Vibrio cholerae mediated by the type VI secretion system. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:1133-1149. [PMID: 34490971 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobials are commonly used in prevention of infections including in aquaculture, agriculture and medicine. Subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial peptides can modulate resistance, virulence and persistence effectors in Gram-negative pathogens. In this study, we investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of polymyxin B (PmB) on the secretome of Vibrio cholerae, a natural inhabitant of aquatic environments and the pathogen responsible for the cholera disease. Our proteomic approach revealed that the abundance of many extracellular proteins is affected by PmB and some of them are detected only either in the presence or in the absence of PmB. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) secreted hemolysin-coregulated protein (Hcp) displayed an increased abundance in the presence of PmB. Hcp is also more abundant in the bacterial cells in the presence of PmB and hcp expression is upregulated upon PmB supplementation. No effect of the T6SS on antimicrobial resistance was observed. Conversely, PmB increases the T6SS-dependent cytotoxicity of V. cholerae towards the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and its ability to compete with Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Mathieu-Denoncourt
- Department de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marylise Duperthuy
- Department de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
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Ogura K, Yahiro K, Moss J. Cell Death Signaling Pathway Induced by Cholix Toxin, a Cytotoxin and eEF2 ADP-Ribosyltransferase Produced by Vibrio cholerae. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 13:toxins13010012. [PMID: 33374361 PMCID: PMC7824611 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microorganisms produce various virulence factors, e.g., enzymes, cytotoxins, effectors, which trigger development of pathologies in infectious diseases. Cholera toxin (CT) produced by O1 and O139 serotypes of Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) is a major cytotoxin causing severe diarrhea. Cholix cytotoxin (Cholix) was identified as a novel eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) adenosine-diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase produced mainly in non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae. The function and role of Cholix in infectious disease caused by V. cholerae remain unknown. The crystal structure of Cholix is similar to Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PEA) which is composed of an N-terminal receptor-recognition domain and a C-terminal ADP-ribosyltransferase domain. The endocytosed Cholix catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of eEF2 in host cells and inhibits protein synthesis, resulting in cell death. In a mouse model, Cholix caused lethality with severe liver damage. In this review, we describe the mechanism underlying Cholix-induced cytotoxicity. Cholix-induced apoptosis was regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways, which dramatically enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in human liver, as well as the amount of epithelial-like HepG2 cancer cells. In contrast, Cholix induced apoptosis in hepatocytes through a mitochondrial-dependent pathway, which was not stimulated by TNF-α. These findings suggest that sensitivity to Cholix depends on the target cell. A substantial amount of information on PEA is provided in order to compare/contrast this well-characterized mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase (mART) with Cholix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Ogura
- Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.O.); (K.Y.); Tel.: +81-76-265-2590 (K.O.); +81-43-226-2048 (K.Y.)
| | - Kinnosuke Yahiro
- Department of Molecular Infectiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.O.); (K.Y.); Tel.: +81-76-265-2590 (K.O.); +81-43-226-2048 (K.Y.)
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA;
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Almuhaideb E, Chintapenta LK, Abbott A, Parveen S, Ozbay G. Assessment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus levels in oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and seawater in Delaware Bay in relation to environmental conditions and the prevalence of molecular markers to identify pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242229. [PMID: 33270659 PMCID: PMC7714158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study identified Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oyster and seawater samples collected from Delaware Bay from June through October of 2016. Environmental parameters including water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and chlorophyll a were measured per sampling event. Oysters homogenate and seawater samples were 10-fold serially diluted and directly plated on CHROMagarᵀᴹ Vibrio medium. Presumptive V. parahaemolyticus colonies were counted and at least 20% of these colonies were selected for molecular chracterization. V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 165) were screened for the presence of the species-specific thermolabile hemolysin (tlh) gene, the pathogenic thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)/ thermostable related hemolysin (trh) genes, the regulatory transmembrane DNA-binding gene (toxR), and V. parahaemolyticus metalloprotease (vpm) gene using a conventional PCR. The highest mean levels of the presumptive V. parahaemolyticus were 9.63×103 CFU/g and 1.85×103 CFU/mL in the oyster and seawater samples, respectively, during the month of July. V. parahaemolyticus levels in oyster and seawater samples were significantly positively correlated with water temperature. Of the 165 isolates, 137 (83%), 110 (66.7%), and 108 (65%) were tlh+, vpm+, and toxR+, respectively. Among the V. parahaemolyticus (tlh+) isolates, 7 (5.1%) and 15 (10.9%) were tdh+ and trh+, respectively, and 24 (17.5%), only oyster isolates, were positive for both genes. Potential pathogenic strains that possessed tdh and/or trh were notably higher in oyster (39%) than seawater (15.6%) isolates. The occurrence of total V. parahaemolyticus (tlh+) was not necessarily proportional to the potential pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. Co-occurrence of the five genetic markers were observed only among oyster isolates. The co-occurrence of the gene markers showed a relatedness potential of tdh occurrence with vpm. We believe exploring the role of V. parahaemolyticus metalloprotease and whether it is involved in the toxic activity of the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) protein can be of significance. The outcomes of this study will provide some foundation for future studies regarding pathogenic Vibrio dynamics in relation to environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam Almuhaideb
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Lathadevi K Chintapenta
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Amanda Abbott
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Salina Parveen
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gulnihal Ozbay
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware, United States of America
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Pereira C, Costa P, Duarte J, Balcão VM, Almeida A. Phage therapy as a potential approach in the biocontrol of pathogenic bacteria associated with shellfish consumption. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 338:108995. [PMID: 33316593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infectious human diseases acquired from bivalve shellfish consumption constitute a public health threat. These health threats are largely related to the filter-feeding phenomenon, by which bivalve organisms retain and concentrate pathogenic bacteria from their surrounding waters. Even after depuration, bivalve shellfish are still involved in outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria, which increases the demand for new and efficient strategies to control transmission of shellfish infection. Bacteriophage (or phage) therapy represents a promising, tailor-made approach to control human pathogens in bivalves, but its success depends on a deep understanding of several factors that include the bacterial communities present in the harvesting waters, the appropriate selection of phage particles, the multiplicity of infection that produces the best bacterial inactivation, chemical and physical factors, the emergence of phage-resistant bacterial mutants and the life cycle of bivalves. This review discusses the need to advance phage therapy research for bivalve decontamination, highlighting their efficiency as an antimicrobial strategy and identifying critical aspects to successfully apply this therapy to control human pathogens associated with bivalve consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Costa
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Duarte
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victor M Balcão
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; PhageLab-Laboratory of Biofilms and Bacteriophages, University of Sorocaba, 18023-000 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Gittens AT, Clarke JRD, Abdelbaki S, Kwon JS. A 72-Year-Old Man With a Violaceous Rash and Sepsis. Chest 2020; 157:e41-e45. [PMID: 32033660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CASE PRESENTATION A 72-year-old man presented to our ED less than 24 hours following the acute onset of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Within 12 hours of symptom onset, he noted bilateral lower extremity pain and swelling. His pain was associated with a new violaceous irregular rash on the anterior aspect of both feet and legs. There was no history of inciting trauma or recent wounds. In addition, there was no history of consumption of raw or undercooked food (including seafood) or recent change in food source. There was accompanying fever and chills for the same duration and painful swelling of his left thumb. His comorbidities included stage IIIb classical Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed 4 months prior. His last dose of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine chemotherapy was 4 days before presentation. He had previously failed anti-CD30 monoclonal therapy resulting from attributed pancolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha T Gittens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale-New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, New Haven, CT
| | - John-Ross D Clarke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale-New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, New Haven, CT.
| | - Shady Abdelbaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jeff S Kwon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale-New Haven Health/Bridgeport Hospital, New Haven, CT
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Arunkumar M, LewisOscar F, Thajuddin N, Pugazhendhi A, Nithya C. In vitro and in vivo biofilm forming Vibrio spp: A significant threat in aquaculture. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shit P, Misra AK. Straightforward synthesis of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the cell wall O-antigen of Escherichia coli O43 strain. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:647-656. [PMID: 32601769 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthetic strategy has been developed for the synthesis of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the cell wall O-antigen of Escherichia coli O43 strain involving stereoselective β-D-mannosylation and α-L-fucosylation using corresponding trichloroacetimidate intermediates and perchloric acid supported over silica (HClO4-SiO2) as glycosylation promoter. The yield and stereoselectivity of the glycosylations were very good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Shit
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Anup Kumar Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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Demir-Yazıcı K, Güzel-Akdemir Ö, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Akdemir A. Novel Indole-Based Hydrazones as Potent Inhibitors of the α-class Carbonic Anhydrase from Pathogenic Bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093131. [PMID: 32365482 PMCID: PMC7247680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing resistance of currently used antimicrobial drugs, there is an urgent problem for the treatment of cholera disease, selective inhibition of the α-class carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae (VcCA) presents an alternative therapeutic target. In this study, a series of hydrazone derivatives, carrying the 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide scaffold, have been evaluated as inhibitors of the VcCA with molecular modeling studies. The results suggest that these compounds may bind to the active site of VcCA. To verify this, VcCA enzyme inhibition studies were performed and as predicted most of the tested compounds displayed potent inhibitory activities against VcCA with three compounds showing KI values lower than 30 nM. In addition, all these compounds showed selectivity for VcCA and the off-targets hCA I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Demir-Yazıcı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlen Güzel-Akdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Fatih, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-212-523-2288 (ext. 3142)
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Ozoemena O, Maphumulo T, Shai JL, Ozoemena KI. Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers as an Electrochemical Immunosensing Platform for Vibrio cholerae Toxin: Aging Effect of the Redox Probe. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5762-5771. [PMID: 32226855 PMCID: PMC7097905 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensor for Vibrio cholerae toxin (VCT) has been developed using electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as the electrode platform. To fabricate the immunosensor, the anti-cholera toxin antibody (Ab) was covalently immobilized on the electrode platforms using the carbodiimide chemistry for the amide bond formation. Every step of the formation of the immunosensor and the subsequent binding of the VCT subunit antigen (Ag) was electrochemically interrogated. The immunosensor gave excellent reproducibility and sensitivities: limits of detection (ca. 1.2 × 10-13 g mL-1), limits of quantification (ca. 1.3 × 10-13 g mL-1), and a wide linear range for the anti-cholera detection of 8 orders of magnitude (10-13 to 10-5 g mL-1). One of the key findings was the enhanced sensitivity of the VCT detection using aged rather than the freshly prepared redox probe, described here as Redox Probe Aging-Induced Sensitivity Enhancement ("Redox-PrAISE"). The Redox-PrAISE was found more useful in the real application of these immunosensors, showing comparable or even better sensitivity for eight real cholera-infested water samples than the conventional clinical culture method. This immunosensor shows promise for the potential development of point-of-care diagnosis of VCT. Importantly, this study highlights the importance of considering the nature of the redox probe on the electrochemical sensing conditions when designing impedimetric immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okoroike
C. Ozoemena
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Tobile Maphumulo
- Molecualr
Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Jerry L. Shai
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Kenneth I. Ozoemena
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Molecualr
Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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Wang H, Yang C, Sun Z, Zheng W, Zhang W, Yu H, Wu Y, Didelot X, Yang R, Pan J, Cui Y. Genomic epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae reveals the regional and global spread of two epidemic non-toxigenic lineages. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008046. [PMID: 32069325 PMCID: PMC7048298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae isolates have been found associated with diarrheal disease globally, however, the global picture of non-toxigenic infections is largely unknown. Among non-toxigenic V. cholerae, ctxAB negative, tcpA positive (CNTP) isolates have the highest risk of disease. From 2001 to 2012, 71 infectious diarrhea cases were reported in Hangzhou, China, caused by CNTP serogroup O1 isolates. We sequenced 119 V. cholerae genomes isolated from patients, carriers and the environment in Hangzhou between 2001 and 2012, and compared them with 850 publicly available global isolates. We found that CNTP isolates from Hangzhou belonged to two distinctive lineages, named L3b and L9. Both lineages caused disease over a long time period with usually mild or moderate clinical symptoms. Within Hangzhou, the spread route of the L3b lineage was apparently from rural to urban areas, with aquatic food products being the most likely medium. Both lineages had been previously reported as causing local endemic disease in Latin America, but here we show that global spread of them has occurred, with the most likely origin of L3b lineage being in Central Asia. The L3b lineage has spread to China on at least three occasions. Other spread events, including from China to Thailand and to Latin America were also observed. We fill the missing links in the global spread of the two non-toxigenic serogroup O1 V. cholerae lineages that can cause human infection. The results are important for the design of future disease control strategies: surveillance of V. cholerae should not be limited to ctxAB positive strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiu Wang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Sun
- Institution of Infectious Disease Control, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yarong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xavier Didelot
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingcao Pan
- Microbiology Laboratory, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yujun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Biological high-risk pollutants (HRPs) have become a serious threat to human health worldwide, and wastewater is one of the major sources of them in a natural environment. Despite the long history of wastewater research, comprehensive understanding of the role and behavior of HRPs during wastewater treatment is still limited owing to the complexity of the community. In recent decades, the rapid development of molecular tools, especially the wide application of next generation sequencing technologies, helps to unravel the community composition, structure, and dynamic variation in wastewater. Overall, this chapter mainly focuses on biological HRPs, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helminth, biotoxins, antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistant bacteria in wastewater. The characteristics, classification, fates, functions, and health implications of these HRPs are introduced in detail. Moreover, the biogeography of HRPs is a research hotspot in recent years, and available information is also summarized in this chapter. Finally, we also propose the future research needs of HRPs in wastewater after the comprehensive summary of the existing research reports. This chapter is wished to be helpful for beginners to quickly understand the biological HRPs in wastewater.
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Cintrón M, O'Sullivan B, Babady NE, Tang YW. Vibrio cholera and V. parahaemolyticus coinfection in an oncology patient with gastroenteritis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 96:114927. [PMID: 31740171 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio-related gastroenteritis in the United States is mostly associated with the consumption of raw or improperly cooked seafood. We describe a case of a stage IV lung adenocarcinoma patient who became ill after eating crab while visiting Upstate New York. Molecular testing and culture confirmed a coinfection with V. parahaemolyticus and a nontoxigenic strain V. cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvilí Cintrón
- Clinical Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Barbara O'Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Rockefeller University Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - N Esther Babady
- Clinical Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Tang
- Clinical Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
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41
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Pu M, Storms E, Chodur DM, Rowe-Magnus DA. Calcium-dependent site-switching regulates expression of the atypical iam pilus locus in Vibrio vulnificus. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:4167-4182. [PMID: 31355512 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The opportunistic human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus inhabits warm coastal waters and asymptomatically colonizes seafood, most commonly oysters. We previously characterized an isolate that exhibited greater biofilm formation, aggregation and oyster colonization than its parent. This was due, in part, to the production of a Type IV Tad pilus (Iam). However, the locus lacked key processing and regulatory genes required for pilus production. Here, we identify a pilin peptidase iamP, and LysR-type regulator (LRTR) iamR, that fulfil these roles and show that environmental calcium, which oysters enrich for shell repair and growth, regulates iam expression. The architecture of the iam locus differs from the classical LRTR paradigm and requires an additional promoter to be integrated into the regulatory network. IamR specifically recognized the iamR promoter (PiamR ) and the intergenic iamP-iamA region (PiamP-A ). PiamR exhibited classical negative auto-regulation but, strikingly, IamR inversely regulated the divergent iamP and iamA promoters in a calcium-dependent manner. Moreover, expression of the c-di-GMP and calcium-regulated, biofilm-promoting brp exopolysaccharide was IamA-dependent. These results support a scenario in which the calcium-enriched oyster environment triggers IamP-mediated processing of prepilin amassed in the periplasm for rapid pilin elaboration and subsequent BRP production to promote colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Pu
- Department of Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Emily Storms
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Dan M Chodur
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Dean A Rowe-Magnus
- Department of Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Meena B, Anburajan L, Sathish T, Das AK, Vinithkumar NV, Kirubagaran R, Dharani G. Studies on diversity of Vibrio sp. and the prevalence of hapA, tcpI, st, rtxA&C, acfB, hlyA, ctxA, ompU and toxR genes in environmental strains of Vibrio cholerae from Port Blair bays of South Andaman, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 144:105-116. [PMID: 31179975 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio species are widely distributed in the estuarine and coastal waters that possess the greatest threat to human health worldwide. In this study it is aimed to isolate and observe the abundance of Vibrio sp. and prevalence of biomarker genes and antibiotic resistance profile of V. cholerae isolated from the Port Blair bays of South Andaman. A total of 56 water samples were collected from the seven sampling stations of Port Blair bays in which maximum number of Vibrio sp. population density (1.78 × 104) was recorded in Phoenix Bay. Among the 786 isolates 57.38% of the isolates were confirmed as Vibrio sp., Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. PCR results revealed that the prevalence of biomarker genes was recorded maximum in the isolates from Phoenix Bay and Junglighat Bay samples. Upon further analysis, it was observed that the prevalence of hlyA gene (215 bp), was found to be the most widespread biomarker determinant in 84.17% of isolates. Major virulence determinants; ctxA, ompU and toxR genes were not detected in V. cholerae isolates from Port Blair bays. Maximum antibiotic resistance pattern was observed in Phoenix Bay isolates and maximum number of V. cholerae isolates was resistance to tetracycline (60.76%). Cluster and Principal Component Analysis were employed to understand the diversity and distribution of Vibrio isolates and its biomarker genes. Upon PCA analysis seasonal influence was not much perceived in Vibrio species diversity in Port Blair bays and the lack of significant difference in the detection of species diversity in this study is due to resemblance in geographical conditions and sources of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan Meena
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| | - Lawrance Anburajan
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| | - Thadikamala Sathish
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Apurba Kumar Das
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Nambali Valsalan Vinithkumar
- Atal Centre for Ocean Science and Technology for Islands, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Port Blair 744103, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
| | - Ramalingam Kirubagaran
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopal Dharani
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Wu M, Tu Z, Huang F, He Q, Fu J, Li Y. Panning anti-LPS nanobody as a capture target to enrich Vibrio fluvialis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:531-536. [PMID: 30905409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio fluvialis is considered as a human pathogen in developing countries. This bacterium is widely distributed in seawater and harbors that contains traces of salt. V. fluvialis can cause human enteritis and diarrhea, which has broken out at a global scale. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key bacterial antigen used to classify V. fluvialis serogroups. In this research, phage display technology was adopted to isolate nanobodies from a naïve phage library by using LPS as the target antigen. The isolated nanobody was tested in LPS ELISA and bacterial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Nanobody V23 had a high affinity toward the pathogen and was utilized to synthesize immunomagnetic beads for the enrichment of V. fluvialis. The capture efficiency of the immunomagnetic beads against V. fluvialis was 90.7 ± 3.2% (N = 3) through the plate-counting method. We generated a high-affinity nanobody against LPS from V. fluvialis and developed a rapid method of enriching V. fluvialis by using immunomagnetic beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.999Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhui Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.999Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Fengchun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Qinghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.999Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jinheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.999Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330029, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No.999Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Ina-Salwany MY, Al-Saari N, Mohamad A, Mursidi FA, Mohd-Aris A, Amal MNA, Kasai H, Mino S, Sawabe T, Zamri-Saad M. Vibriosis in Fish: A Review on Disease Development and Prevention. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:3-22. [PMID: 30246889 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Current growth in aquaculture production is parallel with the increasing number of disease outbreaks, which negatively affect the production, profitability, and sustainability of the global aquaculture industry. Vibriosis is among the most common diseases leading to massive mortality of cultured shrimp, fish, and shellfish in Asia. High incidence of vibriosis can occur in hatchery and grow-out facilities, but juveniles are more susceptible to the disease. Various factors, particularly the source of fish, environmental factors (including water quality and farm management), and the virulence factors of Vibrio, influence the occurrence of the disease. Affected fish show weariness, with necrosis of skin and appendages, leading to body malformation, slow growth, internal organ liquefaction, blindness, muscle opacity, and mortality. A combination of control measures, particularly a disease-free source of fish, biosecurity of the farm, improved water quality, and other preventive measures (e.g., vaccination) might be able to control the infection. Although some control measures are expensive and less practical, vaccination is effective, relatively cheap, and easily implemented. In this review, the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis and control of vibriosis, including vaccination, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Ina-Salwany
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurhidayu Al-Saari
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Institute for Halal Research and Training, International Islamic University Malaysia, KICT Building, Level 3, 53100, Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aslah Mohamad
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fathin-Amirah Mursidi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aslizah Mohd-Aris
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, School of Biology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M N A Amal
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hisae Kasai
- Laboratory of Fish Pathology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Sayaka Mino
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Tomoo Sawabe
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - M Zamri-Saad
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sun Y, Duan N, Ma P, Liang Y, Zhu X, Wang Z. Colorimetric Aptasensor Based on Truncated Aptamer and Trivalent DNAzyme for Vibrio parahemolyticus Determination. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2313-2320. [PMID: 30721047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, after optimizing the original aptamer sequence by truncation and site-directed mutagenesis, a simple and sensitive colorimetric aptasensor was established for detecting the widespread food-borne pathogen Vibrio parahemolyticus ( V. parahemolyticus). The detection strategy was based on the competition for an V. parahemolyticus specific aptamer between its complementary DNA (cDNA) and V. parahemolyticus. The aptamer-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were used as capture probes, and the G-quadruplex (G4) DNAzyme was employed as the signal amplifying element. Under optimal conditions, a wide linear detection range (from 102 to 107 cfu/mL) was available, and the detection limit could be as low as 10 cfu/mL. This method was also used to detect V. parahemolyticus in contaminated salmon samples, and the results showed good consistency with those obtained from standard plate counting method. Therefore, this novel aptasensor could be a good candidate for sensitive and selective detection of V. parahemolyticus without complicated operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Nuo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Yao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Xiaoyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
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Miller KA, Tomberlin KF, Dziejman M. Vibrio variations on a type three theme. Curr Opin Microbiol 2019; 47:66-73. [PMID: 30711745 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that Type 3 Secretion Systems (T3SS) are widespread among Vibrio species, and are present in strains isolated from diverse sources such as human clinical infections, environmental reservoirs, and diseased marine life. Experiments evaluating Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae T3SS mediated virulence suggest that Vibrio T3SS pathogenicity islands have a tripartite composition. A conserved 'core' region encodes functions essential for colonization and disease in vivo, including modulation of innate immune signaling pathways and actin dynamics, whereas regions flanking core sequences are variable among strains and encode effector proteins performing a diverse array of activities. Characterizing novel functions associated with Vibrio-specific effectors is, therefore, essential for understanding how vibrios employ T3SS mechanisms to cause disease in a broad range of hosts and how T3SS island composition potentially defines species-specific disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Katharine F Tomberlin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Michelle Dziejman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
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47
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Montánchez I, Ogayar E, Plágaro AH, Esteve-Codina A, Gómez-Garrido J, Orruño M, Arana I, Kaberdin VR. Analysis of Vibrio harveyi adaptation in sea water microcosms at elevated temperature provides insights into the putative mechanisms of its persistence and spread in the time of global warming. Sci Rep 2019; 9:289. [PMID: 30670759 PMCID: PMC6343004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering the means to control the increasing dissemination of pathogenic vibrios driven by recent climate change is challenged by the limited knowledge of the mechanisms in charge of Vibrio spp. persistence and spread in the time of global warming. To learn about physiological and gene expression patterns associated with the long-term persistence of V. harveyi at elevated temperatures, we studied adaptation of this marine bacterium in seawater microcosms at 30 °C which closely mimicked the upper limit of sea surface temperatures around the globe. We found that nearly 90% of cells lost their culturability and became partly damaged after two weeks, thus suggesting a negative impact of the combined action of elevated temperature and shortage of carbon on V. harveyi survival. Moreover, further gene expression analysis revealed that major adaptive mechanisms were poorly coordinated and apparently could not sustain cell fitness. On the other hand, elevated temperature and starvation promoted expression of many virulence genes, thus potentially reinforcing the pathogenicity of this organism. These findings suggest that the increase in disease outbreaks caused by V. harveyi under rising sea surface temperatures may not reflect higher cell fitness, but rather an increase in virulence enabling V. harveyi to escape from adverse environments to nutrient rich, host-pathogen associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itxaso Montánchez
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Elixabet Ogayar
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Ander Hernández Plágaro
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08003, Spain
| | - Jèssica Gómez-Garrido
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08028, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, 08003, Spain
| | - Maite Orruño
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Inés Arana
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Vladimir R Kaberdin
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain. .,Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
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A pan-European ring trial to validate an International Standard for detection of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in seafoods. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 288:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Genome Sequence of a Canadian Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolate with Unique Mobilizing Capacity. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/24/e00520-18. [PMID: 29903822 PMCID: PMC6003736 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00520-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a clinically significant marine bacterium implicated in gastroenteritis among consumers of raw or undercooked seafood. This report presents the whole-genome sequence of a unique strain of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters harvested in Canada.
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50
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Kaur S, Sharma P, Kalia N, Singh J, Kaur S. Anti-biofilm Properties of the Fecal Probiotic Lactobacilli Against Vibrio spp. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:120. [PMID: 29740541 PMCID: PMC5928150 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae is endemic in developing countries including India and is associated with high rate of mortality especially in children. V. cholerae is known to form biofilms on the gut epithelium, and the biofilms once formed are resistant to the action of antibiotics. Therefore agents that prevent the biofilm formation and disperse the preformed biofilms are associated with therapeutic benefits. The use of antibiotics for the treatment of cholera is associated with side effects such as gut dysbiosis due to depletion of gut microflora, and the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. Thus search for safe alternative therapeutic agents is warranted. Herein, we screened the lactobacilli spp. isolated from the fecal samples of healthy children for their abilities to prevent biofilm formation and to disperse the preformed biofilms of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus by using an in vitro assay. The results showed that the culture supernatant (CS) of all the seven isolates of Lactobacillus spp. used in the study inhibited the biofilm formation of V. cholerae by more than 90%. Neutralization of pH of CS completely abrogated their antimicrobial activities against V. cholera, but had negligible effects on their biofilm inhibitory potential. Further, CS of all the lactobacilli isolates caused the dispersion of preformed V. cholerae biofilms in the range 62–85%; however, pH neutralization of CS reduced the biofilm dispersal potential of the 4 out of 7 isolates by 19–57%. Furthermore, the studies showed that CS of none of the lactobacilii isolates had antimicrobial activity against V. parahaemolyticus, but 5 out of 7 isolates inhibited the formation of its biofilm in the range 62–82%. However, none of the CS dispersed the preformed biofilms of V. parahaemolyticus. The ability of CS to inhibit the adherence of Vibrio spp. to the epithelial cell line was also determined. Thus, we conclude that the biofilm dispersive action of CS of lactobacilli is strain-specific and pH-dependent. As Vibrio is known to form biofilms in the intestinal niche having physiological pH in the range 6–7, the probiotic strains that have dispersive action at high pH may have better therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Namarta Kalia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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