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Liu QQ, Wu GH, Wang XC, Xiong XW, Rui-Wang, Yao BL. The role of Foxo3a in neuron-mediated cognitive impairment. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1424561. [PMID: 38962803 PMCID: PMC11220205 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1424561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (COI) is a prevalent complication across a spectrum of brain disorders, underpinned by intricate mechanisms yet to be fully elucidated. Neurons, the principal cell population of the nervous system, orchestrate cognitive processes and govern cognitive balance. Extensive inquiry has spotlighted the involvement of Foxo3a in COI. The regulatory cascade of Foxo3a transactivation implicates multiple downstream signaling pathways encompassing mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis, collectively affecting neuronal activity. Notably, the expression and activity profile of neuronal Foxo3a are subject to modulation via various modalities, including methylation of promoter, phosphorylation and acetylation of protein. Furthermore, upstream pathways such as PI3K/AKT, the SIRT family, and diverse micro-RNAs intricately interface with Foxo3a, engendering alterations in neuronal function. Through several downstream routes, Foxo3a regulates neuronal dynamics, thereby modulating the onset or amelioration of COI in Alzheimer's disease, stroke, ischemic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. Foxo3a is a potential therapeutic cognitive target, and clinical drugs or multiple small molecules have been preliminarily shown to have cognitive-enhancing effects that indirectly affect Foxo3a. Particularly noteworthy are multiple randomized, controlled, placebo clinical trials illustrating the significant cognitive enhancement achievable through autophagy modulation. Here, we discussed the role of Foxo3a in neuron-mediated COI and common cognitively impaired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bao-Le Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
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2
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Roney M, Issahaku AR, Huq AM, Soliman MES, Tajuddin SN, Aluwi MFFM. Exploring the potential of biologically active phenolic acids from marine natural products as anticancer agents targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37909584 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) dimerizes upon ligand bindings to the extracellular domain that initiates the downstream signaling cascades and activates intracellular kinase domain. Thus, activation of autophosphorylation through kinase domain results in metastasis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. The main objective of this research is to discover more promising anti-cancer lead compound against EGRF from the phenolic acids of marine natural products using in-silico approaches. Phenolic compounds reported from marine sources are reviewed from previous literatures. Furthermore, molecular docking was carried out using the online tool CB-Dock. The molecules with good docking and binding energies scores were subjected to ADME, toxicity and drug-likeness analysis. Subsequently, molecules from the docking experiments were also evaluated using the acute toxicity and MD simulation studies. Fourteen phenolic compounds from the reported literatures were reviewed based on the findings, isolation, characterized and applications. Molecular docking studies proved that the phenolic acids have good binding fitting by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues at the binding site of EGFR. Chlorogenic acid, Chicoric acid and Rosmarinic acid showed the best binding energies score and forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues compare to the reference drug Erlotinib. Among these compounds, Rosmarinic acid showed the good pharmacokinetics profiles as well as acute toxicity profile. The MD simulation study further revealed that the lead complex is stable and could be future drug to treat the cancer disease. Furthermore, in a wet lab environment, both in-vitro and in-vivo testing will be employed to validate the existing computational results.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rashid Issahaku
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Akm Moyeenul Huq
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Saiful Nizam Tajuddin
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
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3
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Galizzi G, Deidda I, Amato A, Calvi P, Terzo S, Caruana L, Scoglio S, Mulè F, Di Carlo M. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) Extract Prevents Neurodegeneration in the HFD Mouse Model by Modulating Astrocytes and Microglia Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054731. [PMID: 36902167 PMCID: PMC10003388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic dysfunctions are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a cyanobacterium considered a suitable supplement for its nutritional profile and beneficial properties. The potential neuroprotective effect of an AFA extract, commercialized as KlamExtra®, including the two AFA extracts Klamin® and AphaMax®, in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-fed mice was explored. Three groups of mice were provided with a standard diet (Lean), HFD or HFD supplemented with AFA extract (HFD + AFA) for 28 weeks. Metabolic parameters, brain insulin resistance, expression of apoptosis biomarkers, modulation of astrocytes and microglia activation markers, and Aβ deposition were analyzed and compared in the brains of different groups. AFA extract treatment attenuated HFD-induced neurodegeneration by reducing insulin resistance and loss of neurons. AFA supplementation improved the expression of synaptic proteins and reduced the HFD-induced astrocytes and microglia activation, and Aβ plaques accumulation. Together, these outcomes indicate that regular intake of AFA extract could benefit the metabolic and neuronal dysfunction caused by HFD, decreasing neuroinflammation and promoting Aβ plaques clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacoma Galizzi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.D.C.); Tel.: +39-09-1680-9538 (G.G.); +39-09-1680-9538 (M.D.C.)
| | - Irene Deidda
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Calvi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze, e Diagnostica Avanzata (Bi.N.D) (sez. Anatomia Umana), Università di Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Caruana
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.D.C.); Tel.: +39-09-1680-9538 (G.G.); +39-09-1680-9538 (M.D.C.)
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Metabolomics Unravels Grazing Interactions under Nutrient Enrichment from Aquaculture. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d15010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our goal was to understand the mechanisms behind the impact of nutrient enrichment at intermediate distances from aquaculture on the interactions of a subtidal macroalgae community with its main grazer, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. We assessed the diversity and cover of the macroalgal community, the abundance and biometrics of the sea urchins, the carbon and nitrogen elemental and isotopic compositions, and their metabolome in two stations, at an intermediate distance (station A) and away (station B) from a fish cage facility in the Aegean Sea (Greece), during the warm and cold seasons. The nutrient input at station A favored a shift to a macroalgal assemblage dominated by turf-forming species, depleted of native-erected species and with a higher abundance of invasive algae. A stable isotope analysis showed fish-farm-associated nitrogen enrichment of the macroalgae and trophic transfer to P. lividus. A decrease in metabolites related to grazing, reproduction, and energy reserves was found in P. lividus at station A. Furthermore, the metabolomic analysis was able to pinpoint stress in P. lividus at an intermediate distance from aquaculture. The chosen combination of traditional ecology with omics technology could be used to uncover not only the sublethal effects of nutrient loading but also the pathways for species interactions.
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Fakhri S, Piri S, Moradi SZ, Khan H. Phytochemicals Targeting Oxidative Stress, Interconnected Neuroinflammatory, and Neuroapoptotic Pathways Following Radiation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:836-856. [PMID: 34370636 PMCID: PMC9881105 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210809103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The radiation for therapeutic purposes has shown positive effects in different contexts; however, it can increase the risk of many age-related and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These different outcomes highlight a dose-response phenomenon called hormesis. Prevailing studies indicate that high doses of radiation could play several destructive roles in triggering oxidative stress, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration. However, there is a lack of effective treatments in combating radiation-induced neurodegeneration, and the present drugs suffer from some drawbacks, including side effects and drug resistance. Among natural entities, polyphenols are suggested as multi-target agents affecting the dysregulated pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. This review discusses the destructive effects of radiation on the induction of neurodegenerative diseases by dysregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. We also describe the promising effects of polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals in preventing and treating radiation-induced neurodegenerative disorders, aiming to find novel/potential therapeutic compounds against such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
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6
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Cao L, Li Z, Yang Z, Wang M, Zhang W, Ren Y, Li L, Hu J, Sun Z, Nie S. Ferulic acid positively modulates the inflammatory response to septic liver injury through the GSK-3β/NF-κB/CREB pathway. Life Sci 2021; 277:119584. [PMID: 33961853 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ferulic acid (FA) is a component found in plants that has free radical scavenging and liver-protective properties. Acute liver injury (ALI) is a serious complication of sepsis and is closely associated with changes in the levels of inflammatory factors. This study was taken to examine the role of FA in cecal ligation and perforation (CLP)-induced murine ALI and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cellular ALI models. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vivo ALI model was established by performing CLP surgery on C57BL/6 mice. After the ALI model was established, mice were examined for liver injury, including HE staining to observe tissue sections, the percentage of liver/body weight and inflammatory factor levels. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were measured in liver or serum using commercial kits. An in vitro ALI model was established using LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Cell viability was measured by MTT method and the intracellular levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α inflammatory factors were measured using kits. The expression of GSK-3β, NF-κB and CREB was measured by western blot or immunofluorescence. KEY FINDINGS FA pretreatment significantly reduced liver/body weight ratio, decreased MPO, AST and ALT activity, alleviated the inflammatory responses and improved CLP-induced histopathological changes in liver. In addition, in vitro results showed that FA could dose-dependently increase the viability of RAW264.7 cells and decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our data suggest that FA can ameliorate ALI-induced inflammation via the GSK-3β/NF-κB/CREB pathway, suggesting that FA can be used to protect the liver against ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Zhizhou Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Junxian Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China
| | - Zhaorui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China.
| | - Shinan Nie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, PR China.
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7
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Xu T, Song Q, Zhou L, Yang W, Wu X, Qian Q, Chai H, Han Q, Pan H, Dou X, Li S. Ferulic acid alleviates lipotoxicity-induced hepatocellular death through the SIRT1-regulated autophagy pathway and independently of AMPK and Akt in AML-12 hepatocytes. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33468182 PMCID: PMC7814733 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipotoxicity-induced cell death plays a detrimental role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. Ferulic acid, widespread in plant-based food, is a radical scavenger with multiple bioactivities. However, the benefits of ferulic acid against hepatic lipotoxicity are largely unclear. Here, we investigated the protective effect of ferulic acid against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity and clarified its potential mechanisms in AML-12 hepatocytes. Methods AML-12 mouse hepatocytes were exposed to palmitate to mimic lipotoxicity. Different doses (25, 50, and 100 μM) of ferulic acid were added 2 h before palmitate treatment. Cell viability was detected by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release, nuclear staining, and the expression of cleaved-caspase-3. Intracellular reactive oxygen species content and mitochondrial membrane potential were analysed by fluorescent probes. The potential mechanisms were explored by molecular biological methods, including Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR, and were further verified by siRNA interference. Results Our data showed that ferulic acid significantly inhibited palmitate-induced cell death, rescued mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, and decreased inflammatory factor activation, including IL-6 and IL-1beta. Ferulic acid significantly stimulated autophagy in hepatocytes, whereas autophagy suppression blocked the protective effect of ferulic acid against lipotoxicity. Ferulic acid-activated autophagy, which was triggered by SIRT1 upregulation, was mechanistically involved in its anti-lipotoxicity effects. SIRT1 silencing blocked most beneficial changes induced by ferulic acid. Conclusions We demonstrated that the phytochemical ferulic acid, which is found in plant-based food, protected against hepatic lipotoxicity, through the SIRT1/autophagy pathway. Increased intake of ferulic acid-enriched food is a potential strategy to prevent and/or improve metabolic diseases with lipotoxicity as a typical pathological feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Xu
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qing Song
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiangyao Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qianyu Qian
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hui Chai
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qiang Han
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China. .,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Songtao Li
- College of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China. .,Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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8
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Picone P, Porcelli G, Bavisotto CC, Nuzzo D, Galizzi G, Biagio PLS, Bulone D, Di Carlo M. Synaptosomes: new vesicles for neuronal mitochondrial transplantation. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:6. [PMID: 33407593 PMCID: PMC7789323 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, mitochondrial transplantation has been advised as an innovative and attractive strategy to transfer and replace damaged mitochondria. Here we propose, for the first time, to use rat brain extracted synaptosomes, a subcellular fraction of isolated synaptic terminal that contains mitochondria, as mitochondrial delivery systems. Results Synaptosome preparation was validated by the presence of Synaptophysin and PSD95. Synaptosomes were characterized in terms of dimension, zeta potential, polydispersity index and number of particles/ml. Nile Red or CTX-FITCH labeled synaptosomes were internalized in LAN5 recipient cells by a mechanism involving specific protein–protein interaction, as demonstrated by loss of fusion ability after trypsin treatment and using different cell lines. The loading and release ability of the synaptosomes was proved by the presence of curcumin both into synaptosomes and LAN5 cells. The vitality of mitochondria transferred by Synaptosomes was demonstrated by the presence of Opa1, Fis1 and TOM40 mitochondrial proteins and JC-1 measurements. Further, synaptosomes deliver vital mitochondria into the cytoplasm of neuronal cells as demonstrated by microscopic images, increase of TOM 40, cytochrome c, Hexokinase II mitochondrial proteins, and presence of rat mitochondrial DNA. Finally, by using synaptosomes as a vehicle, healthy mitochondria restored mitochondrial function in cells containing rotenone or CCCp damaged mitochondria. Conclusions Taken together these results suggest that synaptosomes can be a natural vehicle for the delivery of molecules and organelles to neuronal cells. Further, the replacement of affected mitochondria with healthy ones could be a potential therapy for treating neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l' Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB) CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l' Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB) CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF) (sez. Palermo) CNR, via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze, e Diagnostica Avanzata (BIND) (Sez. Anatomia Umana), Università di Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Istituto Euro-Mediterraneo di Scienze e Tecnologie (IEMEST), via M. Miraglia, 20, 90139, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l' Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB) CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giacoma Galizzi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l' Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB) CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF) (sez. Palermo) CNR, via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Bulone
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF) (sez. Palermo) CNR, via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l' Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB) CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy.
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Li K, Jiang Y, Li G, Liu T, Yang Z. Novel Multitarget Directed Tacrine Hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer's Compounds Improved Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Impairment in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4316-4328. [PMID: 33216529 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex pathological neurodegenerative disease that seriously threatens human health. Therefore, how to effectively improve and treat AD is an urgent problem. In this study, a novel multitarget derivative based on tacrine (named 9i), which could work simultaneously on more than one pathological target, was used to treat AD model APP/PS1 transgenic mice. After 4 weeks of intragastric administration, cognitive function and synaptic plasticity were significantly improved and β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques that are main pathological hallmarks of AD were decreased in the APP/PS1 mice. On the one hand, 9i inhibited the excessive activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway to alleviate the loss of neurons, which provides a foundation for structural integrity. On the other hand, synaptic associated proteins and the density of synaptic spines were increased in APP/PS1 mice treated with 9i, which provides the basis for the improvement of synaptic plasticity and cognitive impairment. Interestingly, 9i also reduced Aβ plaques in the DG region, which is consistent with previous in vitro experiments showing that 9i inhibited the self-assembly of Aβ fibers, thus protecting neurons from Aβ plaque neurotoxicity. Our results suggest that 9i as a novel compound can effectively improve the cognitive function and the pathological changes of AD in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Tianjun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Al-Khafaji AH, Jepsen SD, Christensen KR, Vigsnæs LK. The potential of human milk oligosaccharides to impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis through modulation of the gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Wang N, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Wang C, Ma W, Ge G, Wang Y, Ullah I, Muhammad F, Alwayli D, Zhi D, Li H. Ferulic acid delayed amyloid β-induced pathological symptoms by autophagy pathway via a fasting-like effect in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111808. [PMID: 33045309 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid β (Aβ) generation or aggregation plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Autophagy agonists, which function as the clearance of Aβ, could be the potential drug candidates against AD. In staple food crops, ferulic acid (FA) is an enormously copious and almost ubiquitous phenolic antioxidant. In the present study, FA significantly inhibited Aβ-induced pathological symptoms of paralysis and hypersensitivity to exogenous serotonin, meanwhile restrained Aβ monomers, oligomers, and deposits in AD C. elegans. FA increased the expression of autophagy reporter LGG-1 and enhanced autophagy flux. However, the autophagy inhibitors abolished the restrictive action of FA on the worm paralysis phenotype. According to these results, FA triggered autophagy and ameliorated Aβ-induced pathological symptoms by the autophagy pathway. Moreover, FA activated the HLH-30 transcription factor to nuclear localization, which acts upstream of autophagy in fasted animals, reduced the level of lipids, but affected nor the growth of E. coli OP50, neither animal food intake behavior. These suggest that FA induced a fasting-like effect to activate the autophagy pathway. Additionally, FA ameliorated poly Q aggregations in Huntington's disease worm. Thus, FA could not only affect AD, broadly but also neurodegenerative diseases characterized by misfolded or aggregated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningbo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Yongtao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Clinical Center for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Longhe Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Caiding Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Wuli Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Guangfei Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Inam Ullah
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
| | | | | | - Dejuan Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, China.
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12
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Islam MR, Ali S, Karmoker JR, Kadir MF, Ahmed MU, Nahar Z, Islam SMA, Islam MS, Hasnat A, Islam MS. Evaluation of serum amino acids and non-enzymatic antioxidants in drug-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:333. [PMID: 32580709 PMCID: PMC7315550 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alterations of biological markers are thought to be effective tools to understand the pathophysiology and management of major depressive disorder (MDD). A lot of researches has implied many markers for depression, but any of them fully discovered the association between the markers and depression. The present study investigated the serum levels of amino acids and non-enzymatic antioxidants in major depression, and also explained their association with depression. METHODS This study examined 247 MDD patients and 248 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age and sex. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D) was used to all the participants to measure the severity of depression. Quantification of serum amino acids, vitamin A and E were carried out using the HPLC system whereas vitamin C levels were measured by UV-spectrophotometer. All the statistical analysis was performed by SPSS statistical software (version 23.0). The independent sample t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Fisher's exact test were applied to detect the group differences where a Bonferroni correction applied to the p value. RESULTS It was observed that serum levels of four amino acids (methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine) along with three non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin A, E, and C) were significantly dropped in MDD patients compared to HCs (Cohen's d (d): - 0.45, - 0.50, - 0.68, - 0.21, - 0.27, - 0.65, and - 0.24, respectively). Furthermore, Ham-D scores of cases were negatively correlated with serum levels of methionine (r = - 0.155, p = 0.015) and tyrosine (r = - 0.172, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that lowered serum methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and non-enzymatic antioxidants are associated with depression. The reduction of these parameters in MDD patients may be the consequence, and not the cause, of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rabiul Islam
- grid.8198.80000 0001 1498 6059Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh ,grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Samia Ali
- grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - James Regun Karmoker
- grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Fahim Kadir
- grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Maizbha Uddin Ahmed
- grid.8198.80000 0001 1498 6059Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Zabun Nahar
- grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Sardar Mohammad Ashraful Islam
- grid.443051.70000 0004 0496 8043Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- grid.449503.f0000 0004 1798 7083Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur Noakhali, 3814 Bangladesh
| | - Abul Hasnat
- grid.8198.80000 0001 1498 6059Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- grid.8198.80000 0001 1498 6059Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
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13
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Zhang C, Zhao X, Lin S, Liu F, Ma J, Han Z, Jia F, Xie W, Zhang Q, Li X. Neuroprotective Effect of ent-Kaur-15-en-17-al-18-oic Acid on Amyloid Beta Peptide-Induced Oxidative Apoptosis in Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010142. [PMID: 31905798 PMCID: PMC6982857 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ent-Kaur-15-en-17-al-18-oic acid, extracted from the Chinese well known folk herb Leontopodium longifolium, performed a significantly neuroprotective effect on amyloid beta peptide 25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced SH-SY5Y cells neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. The results demonstrated that this compound maintained oxidative stress balance, reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and improved contents of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) without obvious cytotoxicity. This compound also obviously relieved oxidative stress-induced apoptosis associated with p53 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways accompanied by upregulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) and downregulating p53, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), Bax, Cleaved-caspase 3, and Cytochrome C protein expressions further. Briefly, ent-kaur-15-en-17-al-18-oic acid protected cells from oxidative apoptosis associated with p53 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xingming Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhuo Han
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fujuan Jia
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Weidong Xie
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China; (C.Z.); (X.Z.); (S.L.); (F.L.); (J.M.); (Z.H.); (F.J.); (W.X.); (Q.Z.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-631-5688303
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14
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β-Amyloid Peptide: the Cell Compartment Multi-faceted Interaction in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:250-263. [PMID: 31811589 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread form of dementia, characterized by memory loss and reduction of cognitive functions that strongly interfere with normal daily life. Numerous evidences show that aggregates of the amyloid beta peptide, formed by 39 to 42 amino acid residues (Aβ39-43), from soluble small oligomers to large fibrils are characteristic markers of this pathology. However, AD is a complex disease and its neurodegenerative molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. Growing evidence suggests a link between Aβ polymorphic nature, oligomers and fibrils, and specific mechanisms of neurodegeneration. The Aβ variable nature and its multiplicity of interactions with different proteins and organelles reflect the complexity of this pathology. In this review, we analyze the effects of the interaction between Aβ peptide and different cellular compartments in relation to the different kinds and sizes of amyloid aggregates. In particular, Aβ interaction with different cell structures such as the plasma membrane, mitochondria, lysosomes, nucleus, and endoplasmic reticulum is discussed. Further, we analyze the Aβ peptide ability to modify the structure and function of the target organelle, inducing alteration of its physiological role thus contributing to the pathological event. Dysfunction of cellular components terminating with the activation of the cellular death mechanism and subsequent neurodegeneration is also taken into consideration.
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15
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Pagoni A, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A, Ciulla M, Turkez H, Mardinoglu A, Vassiliou S, Cacciatore I. Novel anti-Alzheimer phenol-lipoyl hybrids: Synthesis, physico-chemical characterization, and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111880. [PMID: 31753513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To date, drugs that hit a single target are inadequate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. The development of multitarget ligands, able to interact with the different pathways involved in the progession of these disorders, represents a great challenge for medicinal chemists. In this context, we report here the synthesis and biological evaluation of phenol-lipoyl hybrids (SV1-13), obtained via a linking strategy, to take advantage of the synergistic effect due to the antioxidant portions and anti-amyloid properties of the single constituents present in the hybrid molecule. Biological results showed that SV5 and SV10 possessed the best protective activity against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. SV9 and SV10 showed remarkable antioxidant properties due to their ability to counteract the damage caused by H2O2 in SHSY-5Y-treated cells. Hovewer, SV5, showing moderate antioxidant and good neuroprotective activities, resulted the best candidate for further experiments since it also resulted stable both simulated and plasma fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Pagoni
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17121, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatia Vassiliou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy.
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16
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Nuzzo D, Contardi M, Kossyvaki D, Picone P, Cristaldi L, Galizzi G, Bosco G, Scoglio S, Athanassiou A, Di Carlo M. Heat-Resistant Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) Extract (Klamin®) as a Functional Ingredient in Food Strategy for Prevention of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9481390. [PMID: 31827711 PMCID: PMC6885278 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9481390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are generally considered an excellent source of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive molecules that make them suitable to be introduced in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food industries. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA), an edible microalga, contains numerous biomolecules potentially able to prevent some pathologies including age-related disorders. With the aim to include an AFA extract (Klamin®) as a functional ingredient in baked products, we investigated if its bioactive molecules are destroyed or inactivated after standard cooking temperature. The AFA extract was exposed to heat stress (AFA-HS), and no significant decrease in pigment, polyphenol, and carotenoid content was detected by spectroscopic analysis. Thermal stability of AFA-HS extract was demonstrated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and no change in the morphology of the granules of the powder was noticed by SEM microscopic observation. By Folin-Ciocalteu, ORAC, and ABTS assays, no change in the antioxidant activity and polyphenol contents was found after high-temperature exposition. When added in cell culture, solubilized AFA-HS lost neither its scavenging ability against ROS generation nor its protective role against Abeta, the main peptide involved in Alzheimer's disease. Prebiotic and antioxidant activities of AFA extract that are not lost after thermal stress were verified on E. coli bacteria. Finally, AFA-HS cookies, containing the extract as one of their ingredients, showed increased polyphenols. Here, we evaluate the possibility to use the AFA extract to produce functional food and prevent metabolic and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - M. Contardi
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - D. Kossyvaki
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - P. Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - L. Cristaldi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche (Di.Bi.Med.), Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - G. Galizzi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - G. Bosco
- Le Farine dei Nostri Sacchi S.M.E., Via Ugo La Malfa 135, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - S. Scoglio
- Nutrigea-Nutritherapy Research Center, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - A. Athanassiou
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - M. Di Carlo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Prolong treatment with Trans-ferulic acid mitigates bioenergetics loss and restores mitochondrial dynamics in streptozotocin-induced sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:246-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Qiu S, Sun Y, Xu J, Wen G, Yu Y, Wu T, Chai Y. Ferulic acid improves self-renewal and differentiation of human tendon-derived stem cells by upregulating early growth response 1 through hypoxia. Genesis 2019; 57:e23291. [PMID: 31140714 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the potential beneficial effect of ferulic acid (FA) on stemness of human tendon-derived stem cells (hTSCs) in vitro and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. The self-renewal ability of hTSCs was evaluated by colony formation and cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 kit. Adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis were determined by Oil Red O, Alizarin Red, and Alcian Blue stainings, respectively. Relative mRNA levels of PPARγ, Col2A1, Acan, Runx2, HIF1α, and EGR1 were measured with real-time PCR. Protein levels of HIF1α and EGR1 were detected by western blot. Direct binding of HIF1α with EGR1 promoter was analyzed by ChIP assay. Hypoxia-induced expression of EGR1 was interrogated by luciferase reporter assay. We demonstrated that FA treatment improved both self-renewal ability and multi-differentiation potential of hTSCs. FA induced hypoxia which in turn upregulated EGR1 expression via direct association with its hypoxia response element consensus sequence. Furthermore, we showed that both HIF1α and EGR1 were required for the enhancing effects of FA on hTSC self-renewal and differentiation. We hereby characterize the beneficial effect of FA on the stemness of hTSCs and highlight the critical role of HIF1α-EGR1 axis in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gen Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaling Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Wang W, Pan Y, Wang L, Zhou H, Song G, Wang Y, Liu J, Li A. Optimal Dietary Ferulic Acid for Suppressing the Obesity-Related Disorders in Leptin-Deficient Obese C57BL/6J -ob/ob Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4250-4258. [PMID: 30907082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a major polyphenolic compound and has been shown to improve the glucose and lipid homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Here, we found the optimal level of dietary FA to ameliorate obesity and obesity-correlated disorders, and identified the responses of gut microbiota to dietary FA in genetic leptin-deficient obese ( ob/ob) mice. The ob/ob mice exhibited persistent higher body weights, feed efficiency, white adipose tissue weights, and hepatic lipid accumulation, compared to those of the wild-type mice. However, 0.5% dietary FA suppressed these symptoms in ob/ob mice. The diversity of gut microbiota and the total abundance of obesity- and anti-obesity-related genera were not influenced after FA intervention in ob/ob mice. These data suggest that sufficient intake of FA (0.5%) could be useful for treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, and this weight-control effect is possibly not correlated with the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
| | - Yiou Pan
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
- Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , P.R. China 471023
| | - Li Wang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
| | - Hang Zhou
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
| | - Ge Song
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
| | - Jianxue Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , P.R. China 471023
| | - Aike Li
- Academy of State Administration of Grain , Beijing , P.R. China 100037
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Wang W, Pan Y, Zhou H, Wang L, Chen X, Song G, Liu J, Li A. Ferulic acid suppresses obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndromes in high fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2018.1516739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiou Pan
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
- Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Song
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxue Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P. R. People’s Republic of China
| | - Aike Li
- Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing, P. R. People’s Republic of China
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21
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Effects of the Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Extract (Klamin®) on a Neurodegeneration Cellular Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9089016. [PMID: 30310529 PMCID: PMC6166380 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9089016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria have been recognized as a source of bioactive molecules to be employed in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and functional foods. An extract of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA), commercialized as Klamin®, was subjected to chemical analysis to determine its compounds. The AFA extract Klamin® resulted to be nontoxic, also at high doses, when administered onto LAN5 neuronal cells. Its scavenging properties against ROS generation were evaluated by using DCFH-DA assay, and its mitochondrial protective role was determined by JC-1 and MitoSOX assays. Klamin® exerts a protective role against beta amyloid- (Aβ-) induced toxicity and against oxidative stress. Anti-inflammatory properties were demonstrated by NFβB nuclear localization and activation of IL-6 and IL-1β inflammatory cytokines through ELISA. Finally, by using thioflavin T (ThT) and fluorimetric measures, we found that Klamin® interferes with Aβ aggregation kinetics, supporting the formation of smaller and nontoxic structures compared to toxic Aβ aggregates alone. Altogether, these data indicate that the AFA extract may play a protective role against mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.
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A Natural Dietary Supplement with a Combination of Nutrients Prevents Neurodegeneration Induced by a High Fat Diet in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091130. [PMID: 30134549 PMCID: PMC6165339 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders can be risk factors for the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of a natural dietary supplement (NDS), containing Curcuma longa, silymarin, guggul, chlorogenic acid and inulin, on dysmetabolism and neurodegeneration in the brains of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Decrease in the expression of FACL-4, CerS-1, CerS-4, cholesterol concentration and increase in the insulin receptor expression and insulin signaling activation, were found in brains of NDS-treated HFD brains in comparison with HFD untreated-mice, suggesting that NDS is able to prevent brain lipid accumulation and central insulin resistance. In the brains of NDS-treated HFD mice, the levels of RNS, ROS and lipid peroxidation, the expression of p-ERK, H-Oxy, i-NOS, HSP60, NF-kB, GFAP, IL-1β, IL-6 and CD4 positive cell infiltration were lower than in untreated HFD mice, suggesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of NDS. The decreased expression of p-ERK and GFAP in NDS-treated HFD mice was confirmed by immunofluorescence. Lastly, a lower number of apoptotic nuclei was found in cortical sections of NDS-treated HFD mice. The present data indicate that NDS exerts neuroprotective effects in HFD mice by reducing brain fat accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation and improving brain insulin resistance.
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Synthesis and activity towards Alzheimer's disease in vitro: Tacrine, phenolic acid and ligustrazine hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:238-254. [PMID: 29466774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel tacrine-phenolic acid dihybrids and tacrine-phenolic acid-ligustrazine trihybrids were synthesized, characterized and screened as novel potential anti-Alzheimer drug candidates. These compounds showed potent inhibition activity towards cholinesterases (ChEs), among of them, 9i was the most potent one towards acetylcholinesterase (eeAChE, IC50 = 3.9 nM; hAChE, IC50 = 65.2 nM). 9i could also effectively block β-amyloid (Aβ) self-aggregation with an inhibition ratio of 47% at 20 μM. In addition, its strong anti-oxidation activity could protect PC12 cells from CoCl2-damage in the experimental condition while no neurotoxicity. Furthermore, its hepatotoxicity was lower than tacrine in vitro and in vivo. Kinetic and molecular modeling studies revealed that 9i worked in a mixed-type way, could interact simultaneously with catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Therefore, 9i was a promising multifunctional candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Recent progress in the structural modification and pharmacological activities of ligustrazine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:150-162. [PMID: 29432947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ligustrazine is a main active fraction of the traditional medicine known as Ligusticum chuanxiong hort, which has been used as clinical medication for cerebral thrombosis, coronary heart disease and stenocardia recently. The rapid metabolism and short half-life of ligustrazine seriously limits its application in clinical practice. Therefore, derivatives of ligustrazine are designed and synthesized in our and other labs, including piperazine, cinnamic acid, styrene, acylguanidine, amides, curcumin and triterpenes derivatives of ligustrazine. Most of these compounds present better pharmacodynamics activities and more favorable pharmacokinetic properties compared to the parent compound. Besides, some new biological activities of these compounds are discovered. Hence, this review continues the previous review of our group as well as aims to highlight recent prominent advances in this field in the past ten years.
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Picone P, Sabatino MA, Ditta LA, Amato A, San Biagio PL, Mulè F, Giacomazza D, Dispenza C, Di Carlo M. Nose-to-brain delivery of insulin enhanced by a nanogel carrier. J Control Release 2017; 270:23-36. [PMID: 29196041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidences suggest that insulin delivery to the brain can be an important pharmacological therapy for some neurodegenerative pathologies, including Alzheimer disease (AD). Due to the presence of the Blood Brain Barrier, a suitable carrier and an appropriate route of administration are required to increase the efficacy and safety of the treatment. Here, poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)-based nanogels (NG), synthetized by e-beam irradiation, alone and with covalently attached insulin (NG-In) were characterized for biocompatibility and brain delivery features in a mouse model. Preliminarily, the biodistribution of the "empty" nanocarrier after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection was investigated by using a fluorescent-labeled NG. By fluorescence spectroscopy, SEM and dynamic light scattering analyses we established that urine clearance occurs in 24h. Histological liver and kidneys inspections indicated that no morphological alterations of tissues occurred and no immunological response was activated after NG injection. Furthermore, after administration of the insulin-conjugated nanogels (NG-In) through the intranasal route (i.n.) no alteration or immunogenic response of the nasal mucosa was observed, suggesting that the formulation is well tolerated in mouse. Moreover, an enhancement of NG-In delivery to the different brain areas and of its biological activity, measured as Akt activation levels, with reference to free insulin administration was demonstrated. Taken together, these results indicate that the synthesized NG-In enhances brain insulin delivery upon i.n. administration and strongly encourage its further evaluation as therapeutic agent against some neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Picone
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Sabatino
- Dipartimento dell'Innovazione Industriale e Digitale (DIID), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorena Anna Ditta
- Dipartimento dell'Innovazione Industriale e Digitale (DIID), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Clelia Dispenza
- Dipartimento dell'Innovazione Industriale e Digitale (DIID), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; Istituto di Biofisica (IBF), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
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Dietary Modulation of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071583. [PMID: 28753984 PMCID: PMC5536070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells generate unpaired electrons, typically via oxygen- or nitrogen-based by-products during normal cellular respiration and under stressed situations. These pro-oxidant molecules are highly unstable and may oxidize surrounding cellular macromolecules. Under normal conditions, the reactive oxygen or nitrogen species can be beneficial to cell survival and function by destroying and degrading pathogens or antigens. However, excessive generation and accumulation of the reactive pro-oxidant species over time can damage proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Over time, this oxidative stress can contribute to a range of aging-related degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes, macular degeneration, and Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. It is well accepted that natural compounds, including vitamins A, C, and E, β-carotene, and minerals found in fruits and vegetables are powerful anti-oxidants that offer health benefits against several different oxidative stress induced degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is increasing interest in developing anti-oxidative therapeutics to prevent AD. There are contradictory and inconsistent reports on the possible benefits of anti-oxidative supplements; however, fruits and vegetables enriched with multiple anti-oxidants (e.g., flavonoids and polyphenols) and minerals may be highly effective in attenuating the harmful effects of oxidative stress. As the physiological activation of either protective or destructive pro-oxidant behavior remains relatively unclear, it is not straightforward to relate the efficacy of dietary anti-oxidants in disease prevention. Here, we review oxidative stress mediated toxicity associated with AD and highlight the modulatory roles of natural dietary anti-oxidants in preventing AD.
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Chen JL, Duan WJ, Luo S, Li S, Ma XH, Hou BN, Cheng SY, Fang SH, Wang Q, Huang SQ, Chen YB. Ferulic acid attenuates brain microvascular endothelial cells damage caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation via punctate-mitochondria-dependent mitophagy. Brain Res 2017; 1666:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Palmeri R, Restuccia C, Monteleone JI, Sperlinga E, Siracusa L, Serafini M, Finamore A, Spagna G. Bioactivity Improvement of Olea europaea Leaf Extract Biotransformed by Wickerhamomyces anomalus Enzymes. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 72:211-218. [PMID: 28503711 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Olive leaves represent a quantitatively significant by-product of agroindustry. They are rich in phenols, mainly oleuropein, which can be hydrolyzed into several bioactive compounds, including hydroxytyrosol. In this study, water extract from olive leaves 'Biancolilla' was analyzed for polyphenol profile, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and protective effect on differentiated Caco-2 cells. The efficacy of two enzymatic treatments in promoting the release of bioactive phenols was investigated: a) enzymatic extract from Wickerhamomyces anomalus, characterized by β-glucosidase and esterase activities; b) commercial β-glucosidase. Composition and bioactivity of the resulting extracts were compared. The results showed that the yeast-treated extract presented hydroxytyrosol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity comparable to those obtained using commercial β-glucosidase; however, it was showed the additional presence of hydroxycinnamic acids. In experiments on Caco-2 cells, the leaf extracts promoted the recovery of cell membrane barrier at different minimum effective concentrations. The high specificity of W. anomalus enzymatic extract may represent an effective tool for the release of bioactive phenols from olive by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Palmeri
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Restuccia
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Julieta Ines Monteleone
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Elisa Sperlinga
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- CNR-ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Mauro Serafini
- Functional Food and Metabolic Stress Prevention Laboratory, Faculty of BioSciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via R. Balzarini 1, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Finamore
- CREA NUT, Centro di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spagna
- Di3A, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Nuzzo D, Inguglia L, Walters J, Picone P, Di Carlo M. A Shotgun Proteomics Approach Reveals a New Toxic Role for Alzheimer's Disease Aβ Peptide: Spliceosome Impairment. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1526-1541. [PMID: 28157316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic changes have been described in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the early events in the onset of the pathology are yet to be fully elucidated. A cell model system in which LAN5 neuroblastoma cells were incubated for a short time with a recombinant form of Aβ42 was utilized. Proteins extracted from these cells were subjected to shotgun proteomics analysis by LTQ-Orbitrap-MS followed by label-free quantitation. By bioinformatics tools we found that the most significant of those found to be up-regulated were related to cytoskeletal dynamics (Rho related) and membrane-related processes. The most significant of the down-regulated proteins were hnRNP-related. In particular, hnRNPs involved in ribosomal biogenesis and in splicing were down-regulated. The latter of these processes stood out as it was highlighted ubiquitously and with the highest significance in the results of every analysis. Furthermore, our findings revealed down-regulation at every stage of the splicing process through down-regulation of every subunit of the spliceosome. Dysregulation of the spliceosome was also confirmed using a Western blot. In conclusion, these data suggest dysregulation of the proteins and processes identified as early events in pathogenesis of AD following Aβ accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy" (IBIM) , Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Inguglia
- Istituto di Biofisica (IBF) , Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology , 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Jessica Walters
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy" (IBIM) , Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy" (IBIM) , Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto di Biomedicina ed Immunologia Molecolare "A. Monroy" (IBIM) , Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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New insights into the ameliorative effects of ferulic acid in pathophysiological conditions. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:41-55. [PMID: 28237775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid, a natural phytochemical has gained importance as a potential therapeutic agent by virtue of its easy commercial availability, low cost and minimal side-effects. It is a derivative of curcumin and possesses the necessary pharmacokinetic properties to be retained in the general circulation for several hours. The therapeutic effects of ferulic acid are mediated through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It exhibits different biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective actions, etc. The current review addresses its therapeutic effects under different pathophysiological conditions (eg. cancer, cardiomyopathy, skin disorders, brain disorders, viral infections, diabetes etc.).
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Chowdhury MI, Hasan M, Islam MS, Sarwar MS, Amin MN, Uddin SMN, Rahaman MZ, Banik S, Hussain MS, Yokota K, Hasnat A. Elevated serum MDA and depleted non-enzymatic antioxidants, macro-minerals and trace elements are associated with bipolar disorder. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 39:162-168. [PMID: 27908410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and neurobiological factors are considered to be the major causes of mood and mental disorders. However, over the past few years, increased levels of serum malondialdehyde and altered levels of various non-enzymatic antioxidants and essential minerals involved in abnormal functional activity have been identified as major contributing factors to the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of the serum lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidants (vitamin A, E and C), macro-minerals (calcium, potassium and sodium) and trace elements (zinc, iron and selenium) in patients with bipolar disorder and to explore their role in disease progression. This is a prospective case-control study that evaluated 55 patients with bipolar disorder and 55 healthy volunteers matched by age and sex. Serum MDA levels were determined by UV spectrophotometry as a marker of lipid peroxidation. RP-HPLC was employed to investigate the serum vitamin A and E concentrations, whereas UV spectrophotometry was used to quantify levels of vitamin C. Serum macro-minerals and trace elements were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Statistical analysis was performed with independent sample t-tests and Pearson's correlation test. We found significantly higher concentrations of MDA (p<0.05) and significantly lower concentrations of antioxidants (vitamin A, E and C) (p<0.05) in the patient group compared with control group. Regarding trace elements and macro-minerals, lower concentrations of zinc, calcium, iron, selenium, sodium and potassium were found in the patient group compared with control subjects (p<0.05). Our study suggests that high serum MDA concentrations and low serum concentrations of antioxidants, macro-minerals and trace elements are strongly associated with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maimuna Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - S M Naim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahedur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Sujan Banik
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saddam Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue-Shi, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Abul Hasnat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Venugopalan SK, T S S, V N, S M M, S R. Dexamethasone provoked mitochondrial perturbations in thymus: Possible role of N-acetylglucosamine in restoration of mitochondrial function. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1485-1492. [PMID: 27619103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymus mitochondria play a crucial role in immune function. This study identifies the novel protective role of N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG) in dexamethasone (DEX) induced mitochondrial perturbations in mice thymus. Mice were induced with DEX (5mg/kg) and treated with NAG i.p. (266μg/kg, 400μg/kg and 800μg/kg) for 14 days, Withanolide A (800μg/kg) has been used as positive control. Dose dependent treatment of NAG against DEX significantly restored the mitochondrial enzyme levels (ICDH, KDH, SDH and MDH) and elevated the mitochondrial glutathione antioxidants defense (GSH, SOD, GPX and GST) thus improving the ATP status which was confirmed by ultrastructural alterations in mitochondria and nucleus using TEM studies. Further histopathological studies also revealed that NAG attenuate DEX induced thymotoxicity. Finally, the study concludes that dose dependent treatment of NAG supports a potential role in preventing DEX induced thymotoxicity and NAG acts as a beneficial pharmacological intervention in the DEX induced thymic repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Kumar Venugopalan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, India.
| | - Shanmugarajan T S
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, India
| | - Navaratnam V
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia; Taylor's University Malaysia, Jan Taylors, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mansor S M
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ramanathan S
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
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Nadal JM, Gomes MLS, Borsato DM, Almeida MA, Barboza FM, Zawadzki SF, Kanunfre CC, Farago PV, Zanin SMW. Spray-dried Eudragit® L100 microparticles containing ferulic acid: Formulation, in vitro cytoprotection and in vivo anti-platelet effect. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 64:318-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Fu X, Wang Q, Wang Z, Kuang H, Jiang P. Danggui-Shaoyao-San: New Hope for Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2015; 7:502-13. [PMID: 27493835 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2015.1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), also called Toki-shakuyaku-san (TJ-23) or Dangguijakyak-san (DJS), is a well-known herbal formula (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels., Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Paeonia lactiflora pall., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep., Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.), which has been widely used in oriental countries for the treatment of various gynecological diseases. Recent studies show that DSS has an effect on free radical-mediated neurological diseases and exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and reduces cell apoptosis in the hippocampus. In addition, DSS mediates the modulation of central monoamine neurotransmitter systems and ameliorates dysfunction of the central cholinergic nervous system and scopolamine-induced decrease in ACh levels. DSS improves the function of the dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotonergic nervous systems. Interestingly, DSS can alleviate cognitive dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, suggesting that it is a useful therapeutic agent for AD. This paper reviews the mechanism of DSS for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- 1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - QiuHong Wang
- 1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - ZhiBin Wang
- 1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - HaiXue Kuang
- 1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pinghui Jiang
- 2College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin 150050, China
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35
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Liu S, Jiang W, Wu B, Yu J, Yu H, Zhang XX, Torres-Duarte C, Cherr GN. Low levels of graphene and graphene oxide inhibit cellular xenobiotic defense system mediated by efflux transporters. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:597-606. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1104739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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36
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Wang Y, Li G, Zhou Y, Yin D, Tao C, Han L, Yue X, Pan Y, Yao Y, Peng D, Xu F. The difference between blood-associated and water-associated herbs of Danggui-Shaoyao San in theory of TCM, based on serum pharmacochemistry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:579-87. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Dengke Yin
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Chunlei Tao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Lan Han
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Xiaoli Yue
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yongfu Pan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yao Yao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Fan Xu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
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Zhao YR, Qu W, Liu WY, Hong H, Feng F, Chen H, Xie N. YGS40, an active fraction of Yi-Gan San, reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Chin J Nat Med 2015; 13:438-44. [PMID: 26073340 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, we have elucidated the chemical profile of YGS40, a fraction of Yi-Gan San (YGS), used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effects of YGS40 against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells and the underlying mechanisms. PC12 cells were exposed to 100 μmol·L(-1) of H2O2 for 12 h with or without YGS40 pretreatment. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT (3, (4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl) 2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays; apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide coupled staining and by determining caspase-3 activity and Bax and Bcl-2 protein levels. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed by the retention of rhodamine123; and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using commercially available enzymatic kits. Pretreatment with YGS40 significantly prevented H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and protected the cells against H2O2-triggered apoptosis characterized by externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine and caspase-3 activation and the increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in PC12 cells. Further studies showed that YGS40 suppressed H2O2-induced MMP loss, increased SOD activity, and decreased MDA level. These findings suggest that YGS40 may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rong Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Han Chen
- New Technology Center of Chemical Pharmaceutical Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ning Xie
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Corporation, Ganzhou 341000, China
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A potent inhibition of oxidative stress induced gene expression in neural cells by sustained ferulic acid release from chitosan based hydrogel. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 49:691-699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li G, Xu X, Xu K, Chu F, Song J, Zhou S, Xu B, Gong Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang P, Lei H. Ligustrazinyl amides: a novel class of ligustrazine-phenolic acid derivatives with neuroprotective effects. Chem Cent J 2015; 9:9. [PMID: 25810760 PMCID: PMC4372684 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ligustrazine has potent effects of thrombolysis, neuroprotection and vascular protection, which were important for effectively protecting the nervous system. Previous study in our laboratory reported that ligustrazine-benzoic acid derivatives have been shown to exhibit beneficial effect against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. To further improve ligustrazine’s neuroprotection, we integrated the ligustrazine and phenolic acid fragments into one molecule via an amide bond based on structural combination. Results In this study, 12 novel ligustrazine-phenolic acid derivatives were synthesized and nine others were prepared by improved methods. Furthermore, these compounds were evaluated for their protective effects against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. The amides conjunctional derivatives exhibited promising neuroprotective activities in comparison with ligustrazine. In addition, the most active congener (E)-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-N-((3,5,6-trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)acrylamide (L10, EC50 = 25 μM), which is 2 times higher than that of ligustrazine, may be a potential candidate for intervention in neurological diseases. Structure-activity relationship was discussed briefly. Conclusions Results of series of ligustrazinyl amides enrich the study of ligustrazine derivatives with neuroprotective effects. Our completed work supports that the attempt to apply structure combination to discover more efficient neuroprotection lead compounds is viable. Ligustrazinyl Amides L1-L21 with Neuroprotective Effects. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Kuo Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Fuhao Chu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Jixiang Song
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Shen Zhou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Huazheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Penglong Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6 Wangjing Middle Ring South Road, Beijing, Chaoyang District China
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Quetiapine attenuates recognition memory impairment and hippocampal oxidative stress in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport 2015; 25:647-50. [PMID: 24642954 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, may have beneficial effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the effect of quetiapine on object recognition memory in AD has never been measured. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of quetiapine on object recognition memory and on oxidative stress that could be involved in the AD pathogenesis in an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 double transgenic mouse model of AD. Nontransgenic and transgenic mice were treated with quetiapine (0 or 5 mg/kg/day) in drinking water from the age of 2 months. After 10 months of continuous quetiapine administration, object recognition memory impairment and the increased hippocampal protein expression of nitrotyrosine, a protein marker of oxidative stress, were attenuated in the AD mice. These results suggest that quetiapine can attenuate object recognition memory impairment and brain oxidative stress in an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 transgenic mouse model of AD and indicate that the antioxidative effect of early quetiapine intervention may be associated with the beneficial effect of quetiapine on memory in AD.
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Ferulic acid suppresses activation of hepatic stellate cells through ERK1/2 and Smad signaling pathways in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 93:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Mitochondrial dysfunction: different routes to Alzheimer's disease therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:780179. [PMID: 25221640 PMCID: PMC4158152 DOI: 10.1155/2014/780179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic ATP-generating organelle which contribute to many cellular functions including bioenergetics processes, intracellular calcium regulation, alteration of reduction-oxidation potential of cells, free radical scavenging, and activation of caspase mediated cell death. Mitochondrial functions can be negatively affected by amyloid β peptide (Aβ), an important component in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and Aβ can interact with mitochondria and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. One of the most accepted hypotheses for AD onset implicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are one of the primary events in the insurgence of the pathology. Here, we examine structural and functional mitochondrial changes in presence of Aβ. In particular we review data concerning Aβ import into mitochondrion and its involvement in mitochondrial oxidative stress, bioenergetics, biogenesis, trafficking, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation, and mitochondrial protein interaction. Moreover, the development of AD therapy targeting mitochondria is also discussed.
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Ethyl ferulate, a component with anti-inflammatory properties for emulsion-based creams. Molecules 2014; 19:8124-39. [PMID: 24941338 PMCID: PMC6271385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19068124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethyl ferulate (FAEE) has been widely studied due to its beneficial heath properties and, when incorporated in creams, shows a high sun protection capacity. Here we aimed to compare FAEE and its precursor, ferulic acid (FA), as free radical scavengers, inhibitors of oxidants produced by leukocytes and the alterations in rheological properties when incorporated in emulsion based creams. The cell-free antiradical capacity of FAEE was decreased compared to FA. However, FAEE was more effective regarding the scavenging of reactive oxygen species produced by activated leukocytes. Stress and frequency sweep tests showed that the formulations are more elastic than viscous. The viscoelastic features of the formulations were confirmed in the creep and recovery assay and showed that the FAEE formulation was less susceptive to deformation. Liberation experiments showed that the rate of FAEE release from the emulsion was slower compared to FA. In conclusion, FAEE is more effective than FA as a potential inhibitor of oxidative damage produced by oxidants generated by leukocytes. The rheological alterations caused by the addition of FAEE are indicative of lower spreadability, which could be useful for formulations used in restricted areas of the skin.
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