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Godel-Pastre S, Porcel E, Pinna G, Vandamme M, Denis C, Leterrier C, Doris E, Truillet C, Gravel E. Tumor-Targeted Perfluorinated Micelles as Efficient Theranostic Agents Combining Positron Emission Tomography and Radiosensitization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21557-21570. [PMID: 38648555 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of biocompatible perfluorinated micelles designed to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy in a radioresistant tumor environment. In vitro and in vivo behaviors of perfluorinated micelles were assessed at both cellular and tissular levels. The micellar platform offers key advantages as theranostic tool: (i) small size, allowing deep tissue penetration; (ii) oxygen transport to hypoxic tissues; (iii) negligible toxicity in the absence of ionizing radiation; (iv) internalization into cancer cells; (v) potent radiosensitizing effect; and (vi) excellent tumor-targeting properties, as monitored by positron emission tomography. We have demonstrated strong in vitro radiosensitizing effects of the micelle and in vivo tumor targeting, making this nanometric carrier a promising tool for the potentiation of focused radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Godel-Pastre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Erika Porcel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Guillaume Pinna
- Plateforme ARN Interférence (PARI), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie Vandamme
- Plateforme ARN Interférence (PARI), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Caroline Denis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Claire Leterrier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Doris
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charles Truillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Akbarzadeh F, Khoshgard K. Enhancement of the effect of novel targeted 5-aminolevulinic acid conjugated bismuth oxide nanoparticles-based photodynamic therapy by simultaneous radiotherapy on KB cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104025. [PMID: 38403143 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective accumulation of photosensitizers into cancerous cells is one of the most important factors affecting photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is the precursor of a strong photosensitizer, protoporphyrin-IX; but it has poor permeability into the cells. Folate receptors are overexpressed on the surface of many tumor cells. In the present study, folic acid (FA) and 5-ALA conjugated bismuth oxide nanoparticles were synthesized; and used in PDT, radiotherapy (RT), and concurrent PDT & RT against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB cell line). METHODS The KB cells were incubated with the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) for 2 h; then illuminated using a custom-made LED lamp at the light dose of 26 J/cm2. Irradiation of the cells was carried out using X-ray 6 MV (2 Gy); and synergistic effect of the simultaneous RT and PDT treatments was evaluated using fractional product values. Efficacy of the treatments was determined using MTT and Caspase-3 enzyme activity assays. RESULTS Targeting of folic acid receptors enables the selective endocytosis of the conjugated NPs. RT results in the presence of Bi2O3 NPs showed a significant radiosensitizer potential of these NPs. Fractional product values of 1.49±0.05, 1.36±0.06, and 1.05±0.06 obtained in the presence of FA-5-ALA conjugated NPs, 5-ALA conjugated NPs, and in the absence of the NPs, respectively. Therefore, simultaneous RT and PDT in the presence of these conjugated NPs is superior to RT in the presence of the NPs. CONCLUSION Simultaneous PDT and RT in the presence of FA-5-ALA conjugated bismuth oxide NPs can be introduced as a promising therapeutic approach in controlling KB cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Akbarzadeh
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karim Khoshgard
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Sorkheh-Lizhe Blvd, Kermanshah, P.O.Box:1568, Iran.
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Liang J, Qiao X, Qiu L, Xu H, Xiang H, Ding H, Chen Y. Engineering Versatile Nanomedicines for Ultrasonic Tumor Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305392. [PMID: 38041509 PMCID: PMC10797440 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the specific advantages of ultrasound (US) in therapeutic disease treatments, the unique therapeutic US technology has emerged. In addition to featuring a low-invasive targeted cancer-cell killing effect, the therapeutic US technology has been demonstrated to modulate the tumor immune landscape, amplify the therapeutic effect of other antitumor therapies, and induce immunosensitization of tumors to immunotherapy, shedding new light on the cancer treatment. Tremendous advances in nanotechnology are also expected to bring unprecedented benefits to enhancing the antitumor efficiency and immunological effects of therapeutic US, as well as therapeutic US-derived bimodal and multimodal synergistic therapies. This comprehensive review summarizes the immunological effects induced by different therapeutic US technologies, including ultrasound-mediated micro-/nanobubble destruction (UTMD/UTND), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and focused ultrasound (FUS), as well as the main underlying mechanisms involved. It is also discussed that the recent research progress of engineering intelligent nanoplatform in improving the antitumor efficiency of therapeutic US technologies. Finally, focusing on clinical translation, the key issues and challenges currently faced are summarized, and the prospects for promoting the clinical translation of these emerging nanomaterials and ultrasonic immunotherapy in the future are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Department of UltrasoundHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Xiaohui Qiao
- Department of UltrasoundHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Luping Qiu
- Department of UltrasoundHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Huning Xu
- Department of UltrasoundHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Huijing Xiang
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai2000444China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of UltrasoundHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai2000444China
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Zhang A, Gao L. The Refined Application and Evolution of Nanotechnology in Enhancing Radiosensitivity During Radiotherapy: Transitioning from Gold Nanoparticles to Multifunctional Nanomaterials. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6233-6256. [PMID: 37936951 PMCID: PMC10626338 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a pivotal method for treating malignant tumors, and enhancing the therapeutic gain ratio of radiotherapy through physical techniques is the direction of modern precision radiotherapy. Due to the inherent physical properties of high-energy radiation, enhancing the therapeutic gain ratio of radiotherapy through radiophysical techniques inevitably encounters challenges. The combination of hyperthermia and radiotherapy can enhance the radiosensitivity of tumor cells, reduce their radioresistance, and holds significant clinical utility in radiotherapy. Multifunctional nanomaterials with excellent biocompatibility and safety have garnered widespread attention in tumor hyperthermia research, demonstrating promising potential. Utilizing nanotechnology as a sensitizing carrier in conjunction with radiotherapy, and high atomic number nanomaterials can also serve independently as radiosensitizing carriers. This synergy between tumor hyperthermia and radiotherapy may overcome many challenges currently limiting tumor radiotherapy, offering new opportunities for its further advancement. In recent years, the continuous progress in the synthesis and design of novel nanomaterials will propel the future development of medical imaging and cancer treatment. This article summarizes the radiosensitizing mechanisms and effects based on gold nanotechnology and provides an overview of the advancements of other nanoparticles (such as bismuth-based nanomaterials, magnetic nanomaterials, selenium nanomaterials, etc.) in the process of radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- Oncology Department, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Renqiu, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gao
- Medical Imaging Department, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Renqiu, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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Moloudi K, Khani A, Najafi M, Azmoonfar R, Azizi M, Nekounam H, Sobhani M, Laurent S, Samadian H. Critical parameters to translate gold nanoparticles as radiosensitizing agents into the clinic. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1886. [PMID: 36987630 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an inevitable choice for cancer treatment that is applied as combinatorial therapy along with surgery and chemotherapy. Nevertheless, radiotherapy at high doses kills normal and tumor cells at the same time. In addition, some tumor cells are resistant to radiotherapy. Recently, many researchers have focused on high-Z nanomaterials as radiosensitizers for radiotherapy. Among them, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown remarkable potential due to their promising physical, chemical, and biological properties. Although few clinical trial studies have been performed on drug delivery and photosensitization with lasers, GNPs have not yet received Food and Drug Administration approval for use in radiotherapy. The sensitization effects of GNPs are dependent on their concentration in cells and x-ray energy deposition during radiotherapy. Notably, some limitations related to the properties of the GNPs, including their size, shape, surface charge, and ligands, and the radiation source energy should be resolved. At the first, this review focuses on some of the challenges of using GNPs as radiosensitizers and some biases among in vitro/in vivo, Monte Carlo, and clinical studies. Then, we discuss the challenges in the clinical translation of GNPs as radiosensitizers for radiotherapy and proposes feasible solutions. And finally, we suggest that certain areas be considered in future research. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kave Moloudi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Alley School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ali Khani
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Alley School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Alley School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasool Azmoonfar
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Azizi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Dental Implants Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Houra Nekounam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sobhani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Dental Implants Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Gerken LRH, Gerdes ME, Pruschy M, Herrmann IK. Prospects of nanoparticle-based radioenhancement for radiotherapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4059-4082. [PMID: 37555747 PMCID: PMC10544071 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a key pillar of solid cancer treatment. Despite a high level of conformal dose deposition, radiotherapy is limited due to co-irradiation of organs at risk and subsequent normal tissue toxicities. Nanotechnology offers an attractive opportunity for increasing the efficacy and safety of cancer radiotherapy. Leveraging the freedom of design and the growing synthetic capabilities of the nanomaterial-community, a variety of engineered nanomaterials have been designed and investigated as radiosensitizers or radioenhancers. While research so far has been primarily focused on gold nanoparticles and other high atomic number materials to increase the absorption cross section of tumor tissue, recent studies are challenging the traditional concept of high-Z nanoparticle radioenhancers and highlight the importance of catalytic activity. This review provides a concise overview on the knowledge of nanoparticle radioenhancement mechanisms and their quantification. It critically discusses potential radioenhancer candidate materials and general design criteria for different radiation therapy modalities, and concludes with research priorities in order to advance the development of nanomaterials, to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and to increase at the same time the therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas R H Gerken
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering (IEPE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT), ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Maren E Gerdes
- Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inge K Herrmann
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering (IEPE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT), ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Chow JCL, Jubran S. Depth Dose Enhancement in Orthovoltage Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo Phantom Study. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1230. [PMID: 37374815 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to examine the depth dose enhancement in orthovoltage nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy for skin treatment by investigating the impact of various photon beam energies, nanoparticle materials, and nanoparticle concentrations. METHODS A water phantom was utilized, and different nanoparticle materials (gold, platinum, iodine, silver, iron oxide) were added to determine the depth doses through Monte Carlo simulation. The clinical 105 kVp and 220 kVp photon beams were used to compute the depth doses of the phantom at different nanoparticle concentrations (ranging from 3 mg/mL to 40 mg/mL). The dose enhancement ratio (DER), which represents the ratio of the dose with nanoparticles to the dose without nanoparticles at the same depth in the phantom, was calculated to determine the dose enhancement. RESULTS The study found that gold nanoparticles outperformed the other nanoparticle materials, with a maximum DER value of 3.77 at a concentration of 40 mg/mL. Iron oxide nanoparticles exhibited the lowest DER value, equal to 1, when compared to other nanoparticles. Additionally, the DER value increased with higher nanoparticle concentrations and lower photon beam energy. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded in this study that gold nanoparticles are the most effective in enhancing the depth dose in orthovoltage nanoparticle-enhanced skin therapy. Furthermore, the results suggest that increasing nanoparticle concentration and decreasing photon beam energy lead to increased dose enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C L Chow
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1X6, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Sama Jubran
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
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Mohammadi A, Hashemi B, Mehdi Mahdavi SR, Solimani M, Banaei A. Radiosensitization effect of radiofrequency hyperthermia in the presence of PEGylated-gold nanoparticles on the MCF-7 breast cancer cells under 6 MeV electron irradiation. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S67-S73. [PMID: 37147985 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1087_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate the radiosensitization effect of radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia in combination with PEGylated gold nanoparticles (PEG-GNPs) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells under electron beam radiotherapy (EBRT) based on the clonogenic assay. Materials and Methods The cell death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with 13.56 MHz capacitive RF hyperthermia (power: 150W) for 2, 5, 10, and 15 min combined with 6 MeV EBRT, with a dose of 2 Gy, was evaluated in the presence of 20 nm PEG-GNPs with a low nontoxic concentration (20 mg/l). All the treatment groups were incubated for 14 days. Thereafter, survival fractions and viability of the cells were calculated and analyzed against the control group. Results The presence of PEG-GNPs inside the MCF-7 cancer cells during electron irradiation decreased cell survival significantly (16.7%) compared to irradiated cells without GNPs. Applying hyperthermia before electron irradiation with a capacitive RF system decreased cell survival by about 53.7%, while hyperthermia without irradiation did not show any significant effect on cell survival. Combining the hyperthermia with the presence of PEG-GNPs in the cells decreased the cell survival by about 67% at the electron irradiation, showing their additive radiosensitization effect. Conclusion Low nontoxic concentration of 20 nm PEG-GNPs increases the radiosensitization effect of combining 6 MeV EBRT and RF hyperthermia on MCF-7 cancer cells. Combining hyperthermia with PEG-GNPs in electron radiotherapy could be an appropriate method for enhancing radiotherapy effectiveness on cancerous cells which can be studied on different cells and electron energies in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Hashemi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seied Rabi Mehdi Mahdavi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Solimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Banaei
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Amini SM, Rezayat SM, Dinarvand R, Kharrazi S, Jaafari MR. Gold cluster encapsulated liposomes: theranostic agent with stimulus triggered release capability. Med Oncol 2023; 40:126. [PMID: 36961614 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01991-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Cancer-resistant to chemo or radiotherapy treatment is a challenge that could be overcome by a nanotechnology approach. Providing a theranostic nano-platform for different cancer treatment strategies could be revolutionary. Here we introduce a multifunctional theranostic nanostructure which has the capacity for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment through better chemo and radiotherapy and current x-ray imaging systems through co-encapsulation of a small gold cluster and anticancer drug doxorubicin. 2 nm gold clusters represent good heating under radio frequency electric field (RF-EF) exposure and have been used for in vitro hyperthermia treatment of cancerous cells. Liposomal doxorubicin (169 ± 19.8 nm) with gold clusters encapsulation efficiency of 13.2 ± 3.0% and doxorubicin encapsulation efficiency of 64.7 ± 0.7% were prepared and studied as a theranostic agent with a high potential in different cancer treatment modalities. Exposure to a radiofrequency electric field on prepared formulation caused 20.2 ± 2.1% drug release and twice decreasing of IC50 on colorectal carcinoma cells. X-ray attenuation efficiency of the liposomal gold cluster was better than commercial iohexol and free gold clusters in different concentrations. Finally, treatment of gold clusters on cancerous cells results in a significant decrease in the viability of irradiated cells to cobalt-60 beam. Based on these experiments, we concluded that the conventional liposomal formulation of doxorubicin that has been co-encapsulated with small gold clusters could be a suitable theranostic nanostructure for cancer treatment and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Novel Drug Delivery Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharmin Kharrazi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, School of Pharmacy, Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran.
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Gold nanoparticles-based photothermal therapy for breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103312. [PMID: 36731732 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AuNPs-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) is gaining popularity in both laboratory research and medical applications. It has proven clear advantages in breast cancer therapy over conventional thermal ablation because of its easily-tuned features of irradiation light with inside hyperthermia ability. Notwithstanding this significant progress, the therapeutic potential of AuNPs-mediated PTT in cancer treatments is still impeded by several challenges, including inherent non-specificity, low photothermal conversion effectiveness, and the limitation of excitation light tissue penetration. Given the rapid progress of AuNPs-mediated PTT, we present a comprehensive overview of significant breakthroughs in the recent advancements of AuNPs for PTT, focusing on breast cancer cells. With the improvement of chemical synthesis technology, AuNPs of various sizes and shapes with desired properties can be synthesized, allowing breast cancer targeting and treatment. In this study, we summarized the different sizes and features of four major types of AuNPs in this review: Au nanospheres, Au nanocages, Au nanoshells, and Au nanorods, and explored their benefits and drawbacks in PTT. We also discussed the diagnostic, bioconjugation, targeting, and cellular uptake of AuNPs, which could improve the performance of AuNP-based PTT. Besides that, potential challenges and future developments of AuNP-mediated PTT for clinical applications are discussed. AuNP-mediated PTT is expected to become a highly promising avenue in cancer treatment in the near future.
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Song X, Sun Z, Li L, Zhou L, Yuan S. Application of nanomedicine in radiotherapy sensitization. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1088878. [PMID: 36874097 PMCID: PMC9977159 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1088878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an important component of cancer treatment. As research in radiotherapy techniques advances, new methods to enhance tumor response to radiation need to be on the agenda to enable enhanced radiation therapy at low radiation doses. With the rapid development of nanotechnology and nanomedicine, the use of nanomaterials as radiosensitizers to enhance radiation response and overcome radiation resistance has attracted great interest. The rapid development and application of emerging nanomaterials in the biomedical field offers good opportunities to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy, which helps to promote the development of radiation therapy and will be applied in clinical practice in the near future. In this paper, we discuss the main types of nano-radiosensitizers and explore their sensitization mechanisms at the tissue level, cellular level and even molecular biology and genetic level, and analyze the current status of promising nano-radiosensitizers and provide an outlook on their future development and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenkun Sun
- Shunde Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Shunde Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuanghu Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Raghuram S, Mackeyev Y, Symons J, Zahra Y, Gonzalez V, Mahadevan KK, Requejo KI, Liopo A, Derry P, Zubarev E, Sahin O, Byung-Kyu Kim J, Singh PK, Cho SH, Krishnan S. Uncloaking cell-impermeant gold nanorods via tumor microenvironmental cathepsin B facilitates cancer cell penetration and potent radiosensitization. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121887. [PMID: 36368139 PMCID: PMC10032210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Major impediments to conveyance of intravenously administered drugs to tumors are biofouling, opsonization, and rapid clearance from the circulation by macrophages and reticuloendothelial phagocytes. Cloaking nanoparticles with stealth epilayers partly overcomes these hurdles but it also foils interactions with tumor cells. Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and validation of smart gold nanorods (GNRs) that spontaneously transform from inert passengers in the blood stream to active cell-penetrating nanoparticles within tumors to potently sensitize tumors to radiation therapy. Intrinsically cationic and cell-penetrating GNRs were shielded from phagocytosis with a cloaking polyethylene glycol epilayer containing an intervening cleavable peptide. In the absence of an external trigger, this epilayer is clipped off by the tumor microenvironmental protease, cathepsin B, in colorectal cancers to uncloak and expose the free-circulating native unPEGylated GNR that is readily internalized by cancer cells and turn into immovable small clusters of GNRs. Selective uncloaking of GNRs in the tumor reduced off-target toxicity confirmed by hematologic, biochemical, and histopathological analysis of blood, serum, and normal organs, respectively. Subsequent irradiation led to significant tumor growth delay and improved survival of mice. By addressing multiple barriers to efficient transport and cellular internalization of nanoparticles, our results demonstrate that clinically meaningful radiosensitization can be achieved with rationally designed GNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhiksha Raghuram
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuri Mackeyev
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Symons
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasmin Zahra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Valeria Gonzalez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Krishnan K Mahadevan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Anton Liopo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Derry
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugene Zubarev
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Byung-Kyu Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sang Hyun Cho
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Varzandeh M, Labbaf S, Varshosaz J, Laurent S. An overview of the intracellular localization of high-Z nanoradiosensitizers. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 175:14-30. [PMID: 36029849 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is a method commonly used for cancer treatment worldwide. Commonly, RT utilizes two routes for combating cancers: 1) high-energy radiation to generate toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) (through the dissociation of water molecules) for damaging the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) inside the nucleus 2) direct degradation of the DNA. However, cancer cells have mechanisms to survive under intense RT, which can considerably decrease its therapeutic efficacy. Excessive radiation energy damages healthy tissues, and hence, low doses are applied for cancer treatment. Additionally, different radiosensitizers were used to sensitize cancer cells towards RT through individual mechanisms. Following this route, nanoparticle-based radiosensitizers (herein called nanoradiosensitizers) have recently gained attention owing to their ability to produce massive electrons which leads to the production of a huge amount of ROS. The success of the nanoradiosensitizer effect is closely correlated to its interaction with cells and its localization within the cells. In other words, tumor treatment is affected from the chain of events which is started from cell-nanoparticle interaction followed by the nanoparticles direction and homing inside the cell. Therefore, passive or active targeting of the nanoradiosensitizers in the subcellular level and the cell-nano interaction would determine the efficacy of the radiation therapy. The importance of the nanoradiosensitizer's targeting is increased while the organelles beyond nucleus are recently recognized as the mediators of the cancer cell death or resistance under RT. In this review, the principals of cell-nanomaterial interactions and which dominate nanoradiosensitizer efficiency in cancer therapy, are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Varzandeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Sheyda Labbaf
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Laboratory of NMR and Molecular Imaging, Department of General, Organic Chemistry and Biomedical, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.
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14
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Pickford Scienti OLP, Darambara DG. An Overview of X-ray Photon Counting Spectral Imaging (x-CSI) with a Focus on Gold Nanoparticle Quantification in Oncology. J Imaging 2021; 8:4. [PMID: 35049845 PMCID: PMC8778032 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article offers an overview of the differences between traditional energy integrating (EI) X-ray imaging and the new technique of X-ray photon counting spectral imaging (x-CSI). The review is motivated by the need to image gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in vivo if they are to be used clinically to deliver a radiotherapy dose-enhancing effect (RDEE). The aim of this work is to familiarise the reader with x-CSI as a technique and to draw attention to how this technique will need to develop to be of clinical use for the described oncological applications. This article covers the conceptual differences between x-CSI and EI approaches, the advantages of x-CSI, constraints on x-CSI system design, and the achievements of x-CSI in AuNP quantification. The results of the review show there are still approximately two orders of magnitude between the AuNP concentrations used in RDEE applications and the demonstrated detection limits of x-CSI. Two approaches to overcome this were suggested: changing AuNP design or changing x-CSI system design. Optimal system parameters for AuNP detection and general spectral performance as determined by simulation studies were different to those used in the current x-CSI systems, indicating potential gains that may be made with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver L. P. Pickford Scienti
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK;
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15
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Sherstiuk AA, Tsymbal SA, Fakhardo AF, Morozov VN, Krivoshapkina EF, Hey-Hawkins E, Krivoshapkin PV. Hafnium Oxide-Based Nanoplatform for Combined Chemoradiotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5633-5641. [PMID: 34714630 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the combined therapy has become one of the main approaches in cancer treatment. Combining different approaches may provide a significant outcome by triggering several death mechanisms or causing increased damage of tumor cells without hurting healthy ones. The supramolecular nanoplatform based on a high-Z metal reported here is a suitable system for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic compounds, imaging, and an enhanced radiotherapy outcome. HfO2 nanoparticles coated with oleic acid and a monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymer shell (nanoplatform) are able to accumulate inside cancer cells and release doxorubicin (DOX) under specific conditions. Neither uncoated nor coated nanoparticles show any cytotoxicity in vitro. DOX loaded onto a nanoplatform demonstrates a lower IC50 value than pure DOX. X-ray irradiation of cancer cells loaded with a nanoplatform shows a higher death rate than that for cells without nanoparticles. These results provide an important foundation for the development of complex nanoscale systems for combined cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna F Fakhardo
- ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Morozov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosigyna, Moscow 117334, Russia
| | | | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
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Impact of the Spectral Composition of Kilovoltage X-rays on High-Z Nanoparticle-Assisted Dose Enhancement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116030. [PMID: 34199667 PMCID: PMC8199749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) with a high atomic number (Z) are promising radiosensitizers for cancer therapy. However, the dependence of their efficacy on irradiation conditions is still unclear. In the present work, 11 different metal and metal oxide NPs (from Cu (ZCu = 29) to Bi2O3 (ZBi = 83)) were studied in terms of their ability to enhance the absorbed dose in combination with 237 X-ray spectra generated at a 30–300 kVp voltage using various filtration systems and anode materials. Among the studied high-Z NP materials, gold was the absolute leader by a dose enhancement factor (DEF; up to 2.51), while HfO2 and Ta2O5 were the most versatile because of the largest high-DEF region in coordinates U (voltage) and Eeff (effective energy). Several impacts of the X-ray spectral composition have been noted, as follows: (1) there are radiation sources that correspond to extremely low DEFs for all of the studied NPs, (2) NPs with a lower Z in some cases can equal or overcome by the DEF value the high-Z NPs, and (3) the change in the X-ray spectrum caused by a beam passing through the matter can significantly affect the DEF. All of these findings indicate the important role of carefully planning radiation exposure in the presence of high-Z NPs.
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17
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Delivery of oxaliplatin to colorectal cancer cells by folate-targeted UiO-66-NH 2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 423:115573. [PMID: 33991535 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is being used in different malignancies and several side effects are reported for patients taking Oxaliplatin, including peripheral neuropathy, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, low blood counts, fatigue, loss of appetite, etc. Here we have developed a targeted anticancer drug delivery system based on folate-conjugated amine-functionalized UiO-66 for the delivery of oxaliplatin (OX). UiO-66-NH2 (U) and UiO-66-NH2-FA(FU) were pre-functionalized by the incorporation of folic acid (FA) into the structure via coordination of the carboxylate group of FA. The FTIR spectra of drug-loaded U and FU showed the presence of new carboxylic and aliphatic groups of OX and FA. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns were matched accordingly with the reference pattern and FESEM results showed semi-spherical particles (115-128 nm). The evaluated amounts of OX in U and FU were calculated 304.5 and 293 mg/g, respectively. The initial burst release of OX was 15.7% per hour for U(OX) and 10.8% per hour for FU(OX). The final release plateau gives 62.9% and 52.3% for U(OX) and FU(OX). To evaluate the application of the prepared delivery platform, they were tested on colorectal cancer cells (CT-26) via MTT assay, cell migration assay, and spheroid model. IC50 values obtained from MTT assay were 21.38, 95.50, and 18.20 μg/mL for OX, U(OX), and FU(OX), respectively. After three days of treatment, the CT26 spheroids at two doses of 500 and 50 μg/mL of U(OX) and FU(OX) showed volume reduction. Moreover, the oxidative behavior of the prepared systems within the cell was assessed by total thiol, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase activity. The results showed that FU(OX) had higher efficacy in preventing the growth of CT-26 spheroid, and was more effective than oxaliplation in cell migration inhibition, and induced higher oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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18
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Mehrnia SS, Hashemi B, Mowla SJ, Nikkhah M, Arbabi A. Radiosensitization of breast cancer cells using AS1411 aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:33. [PMID: 33568174 PMCID: PMC7877080 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been used to sensitize cancer cells and enhance the absorbed dose delivered to such cells. Active targeting can provide specific effect and higher uptake of the GNPs in the tumor cells, while having small effect on healthy cells. The aim of this study was to assess the possible radiosensitiazation effect of GNPs conjugated with AS1411 aptamer (AS1411/GNPs) on cancer cells treated with 4 MeV electron beams. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity studies of the GNPs and AS1411/GNPs were carried out with MTT and MTS assay in different cancer cell lines of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and mammospheres of MCF-7 cells. Atomic absorption spectroscopy confirmed the cellular uptake of the gold particles. Radiosensitizing effect of the GNPs and AS1411/GNPs on the cancer cells was assessed by clonogenic assay. RESULT AS1411 aptamer increased the Au uptake in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Clonogenic survival data revealed that AS1411/GNPs at 12.5 mg/L could result in radiosensitization of the breast cancer cells and lead to a sensitizer enhancement ratio of 1.35 and 1.66 and 1.91 for MCf-7, MDA-MB-231 and mammosphere cells. CONCLUSION Gold nanoparticles delivery to the cancer cells was enhanced by AS1411 aptamer and led to enhanced radiation induced cancer cells death. The combination of our clonogenic assay and Au cell uptake results suggested that AS1411 aptamer has enhanced the radiation-induced cell death by increasing Au uptake. This enhanced sensitization contributed to cancer stem cell-like cells to 4 MeV electron beams. This is particularly important for future preclinical testing to open a new insight for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Sadat Mehrnia
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Hashemi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikkhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azim Arbabi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Imam Hossein (A.S.) Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Chen Y, Yang J, Fu S, Wu J. Gold Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9407-9430. [PMID: 33262595 PMCID: PMC7699443 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s272902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology offers a variety of potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. High atomic element nanomaterials are often utilized as radiosensitizers due to their unique photoelectric decay characteristics. Among them, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are one of the most widely investigated and are considered to be an ideal radiosensitizers for radiotherapy due to their high X-ray absorption and unique physicochemical properties. Over the last few decades, multi-disciplinary studies have focused on the design and optimization of GNPs to achieve greater dosing capability and higher therapeutic effects and highlight potential mechanisms for radiosensitization of GNPs. Although the radiosensitizing potential of GNPs has been widely recognized, its clinical translation still faces many challenges. This review analyses the different roles of GNPs as radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy and summarizes recent advances. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of GNP radiosensitization, including physical, chemical and biological mechanisms are discussed, which may provide new directions for the optimization and clinical transformation of next-generation GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
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20
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Sonodynamic therapy-derived multimodal synergistic cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 497:229-242. [PMID: 33122099 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) represents a promising modality that provides the possibility of non-invasively eliminating solid tumors in a site-directed manner. In light of the complexity and heterogeneity of tumors, more and more studies are attempting to combine SDT with other therapeutic methods so as to achieve better tumor treatment effect, which sheds new light on the potential of SDT-based synergistic therapeutics. Herein, the representative studies of SDT-instructed multimodal synergistic cancer therapy are comprehensively presented, such as sono-chemotherapy, sono-radiotherapy, sono-immunotherapy, and sono-chemodynamic therapy, etc., and their incorporate mechanisms are discussed in detail. The current challenges and future prospects to promote the advanced development of SDT-based nanomedicines in this burgeoning research field are highlighted. It is believed that such an emerging synergistic therapeutic modality based on SDT will play a more significant role in the field of tumor precision treatment medicine.
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21
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Guo LM, Xu XM, Zhao D, Cai XG, Zhou B. Biosynthesis, characterization of PLGA coated folate-mediated multiple drug loaded copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and it's cytotoxicity on nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines. AMB Express 2020; 10:160. [PMID: 32880769 PMCID: PMC7471236 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) are an impediment in utilizing them as an effective nanocarriers of chemotherapeutic drugs for targeted drug delivery in nasopharyngeal cancer. In our current study, we have designed a two-step synthesis and coating of CuO NPs with different concentrations of PLGA (polylactide-co-glycolide) to reduce the cytotoxicity. This was further conjugated with folic acid to enhance targeting to specific tissue. The multiple drugs loaded in the NPs were two potent anticancer drugs doxorubicin and docetaxel. A complete characterization studies including micrographic analysis, zeta potential measurements, polydispersity index, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), encapsulation and loading efficiencies, stability and in vitro release studies were done. Cytoxicity studies were done with MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide and DAPI (4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride) staining procedures. Impediametric studies were also carried out to reinforce the reduction in cytotoxicity. Finally the cellular uptake of the NPs was seen. It was evident from the results that the multiple drugs loaded CuO NPs formed with PLGA coating were uniform, non-agglomerated in size ranging from 180 to 195 nm. The FTIR revealed no major changes in drug peaks. Encapsulation and loading efficiencies showed sufficient amount of drug being loaded into the NPs. The drug loaded NPs showed no change in size or zeta potential even after a period of 30 days. The cytotoxicity studies revealed significant reduction in toxicity after coating the surface treated with PLGA as evident from the microscopic analysis of cells. Hence the current study may be prioritized and further in vivo/in vitro studies may be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Mei Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 of Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue-Mei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 of Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 of Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xun-Gong Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 of Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 of Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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22
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Neuer AL, Gerken LRH, Keevend K, Gogos A, Herrmann IK. Uptake, distribution and radio-enhancement effects of gold nanoparticles in tumor microtissues. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2992-3001. [PMID: 36132396 PMCID: PMC9417636 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an integral and highly effective part of cancer therapy, applicable in over 50% of patients affected by cancer. Due to the low specificity of the X-ray irradiation, the maximal radiation dose is greatly limited in order to avoid damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The limitations in applicable dose oftentimes result in the survival of a subpopulation of radio-resistant cells that then cause cancer reoccurence. Approaches based on tumor-targeted high atomic number inorganic nanoparticles have been proposed to locally increase the photoelectric absorption cross-section of tumors relative to healthy tissue. However, the complex interplay between the nanoparticle radio-enhancers and the tumor tissue has led to poor translation of in vitro findings to (pre)clinics. Here, we report the development of a tumor microtissue model along with analytical imaging for the quantitative assessment of nanoparticle-based radio-enhancement as a function of nanoparticle size, uptake and intratissural distribution. The advanced in vitro model exhibits key features of cancerous tissues, including diminished susceptibility to drugs and attenuated response to nanoparticle treatment compared to corresponding conventional 2D cell cultures. Whereas radio-enhancement effects between 2D and 3D cell cultures were comparable for 5 nm gold particles, the limited penetration of 50 nm gold nanoparticles into 3D microtissues led to a significantly reduced radio-enhancement effect in 3D compared to 2D. Taken together, tumor microtissues, which in stark contrast to 2D cell culture exhibit tissue-like features, may provide a valuable high-throughput intermediate pre-selection step in the preclinical translation of nanoparticle-based radio-enhancement therapy designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Neuer
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 CH-9014 St. Gallen Switzerland +41 58 765 7153
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Lukas R H Gerken
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 CH-9014 St. Gallen Switzerland +41 58 765 7153
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Kerda Keevend
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 CH-9014 St. Gallen Switzerland +41 58 765 7153
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 CH-9014 St. Gallen Switzerland +41 58 765 7153
| | - Inge K Herrmann
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 CH-9014 St. Gallen Switzerland +41 58 765 7153
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland
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23
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Babaye Abdollahi B, Malekzadeh R, Pournaghi Azar F, Salehnia F, Naseri AR, Ghorbani M, Hamishehkar H, Farajollahi AR. Main Approaches to Enhance Radiosensitization in Cancer Cells by Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 11:212-223. [PMID: 33880343 PMCID: PMC8046397 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, high atomic number nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising radio-enhancer agents for cancer radiation therapy due to their unique properties. Multi-disciplinary studies have demonstrated the potential of NPs-based radio-sensitizers to improve cancer therapy and tumor control at cellular and molecular levels. However, studies have shown that the dose enhancement effect of the NPs depends on the beam energy, NPs type, NPs size, NPs concentration, cell lines, and NPs delivery system. It has been believed that radiation dose enhancement of NPs is due to the three main mechanisms, but the results of some simulation studies failed to comply well with the experimental findings. Thus, this study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological factors of the NPs. An organized search of PubMed/Medline, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar was performed. In total, 77 articles were thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. The studies investigated 44 different cell lines through 70 in-vitro and 4 in-vivo studies. A total of 32 different types of single or core-shell NPs in different sizes and concentrations have been used in the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Babaye Abdollahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pournaghi Azar
- Department of Operative Density, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salehnia
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Naseri
- Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Radiotherapy Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Farajollahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Radiotherapy Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Changizi O, Khoei S, Mahdavian A, Shirvalilou S, Mahdavi SR, Keyvan Rad J. Enhanced radiosensitivity of LNCaP prostate cancer cell line by gold-photoactive nanoparticles modified with folic acid. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Duckett MM, Phung SK, Nguyen L, Khammanivong A, Dickerson E, Dusenbery K, Lawrence J. The adrenergic receptor antagonists propranolol and carvedilol decrease bone sarcoma cell viability and sustained carvedilol reduces clonogenic survival and increases radiosensitivity in canine osteosarcoma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:128-140. [PMID: 31778284 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic receptor (AR) expression has been demonstrated at several sites of primary and metastatic tumour growth and may influence proliferation, survival, metastasis and angiogenesis. AR antagonists like propranolol and carvedilol inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and synergize with chemotherapy agents in some cancers. Radiation resistance is mediated in many cells by upregulation of pro-survival pathways, which may be influenced by ARs. Studies evaluating AR antagonists combined with radiation are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of propranolol and carvedilol on viability and radiosensitivity in sarcoma cell lines. The hypothesis was that propranolol and carvedilol would increase radiosensitivity in four primary bone sarcoma cell lines. Single agent propranolol or carvedilol inhibited cell viability in all cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. The mean inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) for carvedilol were approximately 4-fold lower than propranolol and may be clinically relevant in vivo. Immunoblot analysis confirmed AR expression in both human and canine sarcoma cell lines; however, there was no correlation between baseline AR protein expression and radiosensitivity. Short duration treatment with carvedilol and propranolol did not significantly affect clonogenic survival. Prolonged exposure to propranolol and carvedilol significantly decreased the surviving fraction of canine osteosarcoma cells after 3Gy radiation. Based on our results and possible in vivo activity in dogs, further studies investigating the effects of carvedilol on sarcoma are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Duckett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Shee Kwan Phung
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Ali Khammanivong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Erin Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kathryn Dusenbery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, Masonic Cancer Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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26
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Li W, Xu C, Li S, Chen X, Fan X, Hu Z, Wu YL, Li Z. Cyclodextrin based unimolecular micelles with targeting and biocleavable abilities as chemotherapeutic carrier to overcome drug resistance. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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27
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Shanei A, Akbari-Zadeh H. Investigating the Sonodynamic-Radiosensitivity Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e243. [PMID: 31559711 PMCID: PMC6763396 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this article, we estimated the combined effect of radiotherapy (RT) with ultrasound (US) wave and the ability of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to improve their combined therapeutic effects. METHODS At first, HeLa cells received the various treatment modalities: RT (6 MV; 0.5, 1, and 2 Gy), US irradiation (1 MHz; 0.5, 1, and 1.5 W/cm², 1 minute), and RT+US. Afterwards, the enhanced effect of US on RT was evaluated. Then, the effect of the synthesized GNPs at different concentrations (0.2, 1, and 5 μg/mL, 24 hours) was evaluated to assess the effect on HeLa cells combined with RT+US. Cell survival rates in the different treatment groups at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-treatment were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and trypan blue assays. RESULTS Our results show US irradiation could enhance the effect of RT at the same radiation dose and could be utilized as a sensitizer agent for RT. Moreover, our findings indicate RT+US in combination with different nanoparticle concentrations could enhance the effect of RT+US so that they can improve the treatment results up to 9.93 times and act as sonodynamic-radiosensitivity. These results also indicate that the combination of RT with US along with GNPs has synergistic effects compared to RT or US alone. Cell survival results show that combining the low US waves (1.5 W/cm²), GNPs (5 μ/mL), and X-rays (2 Gy) increase the cytotoxicity on HeLa cell up to 95.8%. CONCLUSION We concluded that GNPs could act as a good sensitizing agent in RT+US irradiation and could result in the synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shanei
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hadi Akbari-Zadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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28
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Akbarzadeh F, Khoshgard K, Hosseinzadeh L, Arkan E, Rezazadeh D. Investigating the Cytotoxicity of Folate-Conjugated Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles on KB and A549 Cell Lines. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 8:627-635. [PMID: 30607335 PMCID: PMC6311633 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Lately, bismuth-based nanomaterials have been widely utilized in medical researches such as imaging, drug delivery and radio-sensitization. Despite their advantages, bismuth-based compounds have shown toxic effects in humans. There are few studies on cytotoxicity effects of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) in-vitro. In this study, we aimed to investigate cytotoxicity of bare and also folate and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-conjugated Bi2O3 NPs on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines. Methods: Bi2O3 NPs were synthesized and conjugated with folate and 5-ALA. KB and A549 cells were cultured and incubated with 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/ml concentrations of bare and folate-5-ALA-conjugated NPs. The survival rates were obtained after 2 and 24 hours incubation of the cells with NPs using MTT assay. Also, apoptosis and ROS generation induced by the NPs in the treated cells were obtained using Caspases-3 activity assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Results: Bi2O3 NPs were successfully synthesized with average size of 19.2 ± 6.5 nm, then conjugated with 5-ALA and folate. Either naked or folate-conjugated NPs were easily taken up by the cells in a concentration-dependent manner and showed cytotoxic effects. The significant cell death was noted at the concentrations more than 50 μg/ml for both compounds. Conclusion: Results indicated low cytotoxicity of the prepared NPs at lower incubation periods, which is very important for their further applications. However, 24 hours incubation of the cells with both forms of NPs caused more cell killing and the cytotoxicity increased with increasing concentrations of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Akbarzadeh
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karim Khoshgard
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Arkan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Davood Rezazadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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29
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Akbarzadeh F, Khoshgard K, Arkan E, Hosseinzadeh L, Hemati Azandaryani A. Evaluating the photodynamic therapy efficacy using 5-aminolevulinic acid and folic acid-conjugated bismuth oxide nanoparticles on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S514-S523. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1501376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Akbarzadeh
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karim Khoshgard
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Arkan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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30
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Neshastehriz A, Khosravi Z, Ghaznavi H, Shakeri-Zadeh A. Gold-coated iron oxide nanoparticles trigger apoptosis in the process of thermo-radiotherapy of U87-MG human glioma cells. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2018; 57:405-418. [PMID: 30203233 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, gold-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Au@IONPs) have received a great deal of attention in cancer therapy. In this in vitro study we aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Au@IONPs core-shell nanoparticles when applied in thermo-radiotherapy. Moreover, we investigated the level of apoptosis induced in U87-MG human glioma cells after receiving a combinatorial treatment regimen (Au@IONPs + hyperthermia + radiotherapy). Firstly, the Au@IONPs nanocomplex was prepared and characterized. Cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles (various concentrations; 4 h incubation time) was investigated on U87-MG cells and finally the concentrations of 10 and 15 µg/mL were selected for further studies. After incubation of the cells with nanoparticles, they received hyperthermia (43 °C; 1 h) and then were immediately exposed to 6 MV X-ray (2 and 4 Gy). Following the treatments, MTT assay was used to analyze cell viability and flow cytometry was used to determine the level of apoptosis in each treatment group. The results revealed that nanoparticles have no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations lower than 10 µg/mL. Also, we observed that nanoparticles are able to enhance the cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia and radiation. The major mode of cell death was apoptosis when nanoparticles, hyperthermia and radiation were concomitantly applied to cancer cells. In conclusion, Au@IONP nanoparticle can be considered as a good thermo-radio-sensitizer which triggers significant levels of apoptosis in cancer therapy. In this in vitro study, we report the anti-cancer effects of gold-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Au@IONPs) when applied in thermo-radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Neshastehriz
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Science Department, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Khosravi
- Radiation Science Department, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (ZaUMS), Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Ali Shakeri-Zadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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31
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Mirrahimi M, Hosseini V, Shakeri-Zadeh A, Alamzadeh Z, Kamrava SK, Attaran N, Abed Z, Ghaznavi H, Hosseini Nami SMA. Modulation of cancer cells’ radiation response in the presence of folate conjugated Au@Fe2O3 nanocomplex as a targeted radiosensitizer. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:479-488. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Sun G, Wang T, Li X, Li D, Peng Y, Wang X, Jia G, Su W, Cheng C, Yang J, Zuo C. Sub-Micrometer Au@PDA- 125 I Particles as Theranostic Embolism Beads for Radiosensitization and SPECT/CT Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800375. [PMID: 29809314 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Au nanoparticles (3.8 ± 0.6 nm) are assembled to sub-micrometer Au particles (186.3 ± 20.4 nm) and covered with adhesive polydopamine (PDA) as embolism beads (198.8 ± 23.2 nm). Radioactive iodine-125 is labeled to Au@PDA to introduce the function of intra-irradiation. For the therapeutic effects of Au@PDA-125 I, Au particles sensitize the radiation to MHCC97H hepatoma cells and tumor-bearing mice. At the cellular level, after being treated with a relatively low-dose (5 Gy) γ-ray, Au-sensitized radiotherapy (RT) leads to an immediate increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species, accompanying with an increase of cell apoptosis. Due to the intra-irradiation, self-healing of RT-leaded DNA double-strand breakage is suppressed, inducing a further increase of cell apoptosis after RT treatment. Likewise, 3 cycles of sensitized RT leads to a valid control of tumor volume growth, but Au@PDA-125 I has no harm or radioactive residual on or in the radiosensitive organs, including the thyroid, heart, lungs, liver, and spleen. Additionally, photons emitted from 125 I and high X-ray absorption of the Au element makes the beads suitable for single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. Therefore, as theranostic embolism beads, Au@PDA-125 I can both enhance the therapeutic effects of external RT, and provide a real-time SPECT/CT monitoring of therapeutic time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Danni Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ye Peng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Science; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 China
| | - Guorong Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Changjing Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Changhai Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
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Liu S, Piao J, Liu Y, Tang J, Liu P, Yang D, Zhang L, Ge N, Jin Z, Jiang Q, Cui L. Radiosensitizing effects of different size bovine serum albumin-templated gold nanoparticles on H22 hepatoma-bearing mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1371-1383. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate intravenously injected bovine serum albumin-templated gold nanoparticles (BSA-GNPs) for radiosensitization effects on H22 hepatoma-bearing mice. Materials & methods: BSA-GNPs in different size were injected intravenously with a dose of 4 mg Au/kg. After 30 min injection, the tumor-bearing mice were irradiated with 5 Gy x-ray. Results: BSA-GNPs in 8, 50 and 187 nm were synthesized and have no obvious cytotoxicity to HeLa, HepG2 and HeCat cells when the concentration was up to 32 μM. And no obvious physiological injury of mice occurred when the intravenous injection dose was 4 mg Au/kg. In vivo study indicates 8 and 50 nm BSA-GNPs can inhibit tumor growth through inducing apoptosis in radiotherapy, with enhancement factors 1.93 and 2.02, respectively. Conclusion: BSA-GNPs in 8 and 50 nm are promising radiosensitizers in radiotherapy of subcutaneously transplanted hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuLiang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - JinMei Piao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - YunCai Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - JingLong Tang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- Radiology Department, Qingdao Haici Hospital, Qingdao 266033, Shandong, PR China
| | - DaPeng Yang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for Preparation and Function Development of Active Substances from Marine Algae, School of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - Nan Ge
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhezhen Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - QiXiao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
| | - LianHua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, PR China
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Fakhimikabir H, Tavakoli MB, Zarrabi A, Amouheidari A, Rahgozar S. The role of folic acid-conjugated polyglycerol coated iron oxide nanoparticles on radiosensitivity with clinical electron beam (6 MeV) on human cervical carcinoma cell line: In vitro study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 182:71-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Norouzi H, Khoshgard K, Akbarzadeh F. In vitro outlook of gold nanoparticles in photo-thermal therapy: a literature review. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:917-926. [PMID: 29492712 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthermia is an anti-cancer treatment in which the temperature of the malignant tumor is increased more than other adjacent normal tissues. Microwave, ultrasound, laser, and radiofrequency sources have been used for hyperthermia of cancerous tissues. In the past decade, near-infrared (NIR) laser for cancer therapy, known as photo-thermal therapy (PTT), was expanded in which the photo-sensitizer agent converts the light photon energy to heat. The heat following PTT can destroy cancer cells. There are some photo-sensitizer agents which have been used for PTT; however, owing to recent advances in nanotechnology, noble metal nanoparticles like gold (Au) nanoparticles (GNPs) have been used successfully in PTT. GNPs have some desirable specifications, including simple and controlled synthesis, small size, high level of biocompatibility, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The SPR effect of the GNPs increases the radiative properties like absorption and scattering; therefore, they can be used in PTT. In this article, we reviewed recent in vitro studies of PTT using GNPs in literature. At first, we focus on the physical properties of GNPs, their interaction with infrared radiation, and physical parameters governing the interaction of infrared radiation with the GNPs. Then, we review the passive and active targeting of GNPs using the different coating to induce the thermal damage in cancer cells using low-level laser PPT. The GNPs' cellular internalization into cancer cells is a challenge which is consequently considered. In this review, we also summarize the results of synergistic cancer therapy studies on the combination of radiation therapy as a routine cancer treatment and PTT: in which significant improvement occurs in treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Norouzi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Karim Khoshgard
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Sorkheh-Lizhe Blvd, P.O. Box: 1568, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Akbarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Spyratou E, Makropoulou M, Efstathopoulos EP, Georgakilas AG, Sihver L. Recent Advances in Cancer Therapy Based on Dual Mode Gold Nanoparticles. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9120173. [PMID: 29257070 PMCID: PMC5742821 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9120173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tumor-targeted strategies have been used worldwide to limit the side effects and improve the effectiveness of therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), etc. Biophotonic therapy modalities comprise very promising alternative techniques for cancer treatment with minimal invasiveness and side-effects. These modalities use light e.g., laser irradiation in an extracorporeal or intravenous mode to activate photosensitizer agents with selectivity in the target tissue. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive technique for cancer treatment which uses laser-activated photoabsorbers to convert photon energy into heat sufficient to induce cells destruction via apoptosis, necroptosis and/or necrosis. During the last decade, PTT has attracted an increased interest since the therapy can be combined with customized functionalized nanoparticles (NPs). Recent advances in nanotechnology have given rise to generation of various types of NPs, like gold NPs (AuNPs), designed to act both as radiosensitizers and photothermal sensitizing agents due to their unique optical and electrical properties i.e., functioning in dual mode. Functionalized AuNPS can be employed in combination with non-ionizing and ionizing radiation to significantly improve the efficacy of cancer treatment while at the same time sparing normal tissues. Here, we first provide an overview of the use of NPs for cancer therapy. Then we review many recent advances on the use of gold NPs in PTT, RT and PTT/RT based on different types of AuNPs, irradiation conditions and protocols. We refer to the interaction mechanisms of AuNPs with cancer cells via the effects of non-ionizing and ionizing radiations and we provide recent existing experimental data as a baseline for the design of optimized protocols in PTT, RT and PTT/RT combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellas Spyratou
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Mersini Makropoulou
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Efstathios P Efstathopoulos
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Lembit Sihver
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria.
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37
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Wang H, Mu X, He H, Zhang XD. Cancer Radiosensitizers. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 39:24-48. [PMID: 29224916 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay treatment for many types of cancer, although it is still a large challenge to enhance radiation damage to tumor tissue and reduce side effects to healthy tissue. Radiosensitizers are promising agents that enhance injury to tumor tissue by accelerating DNA damage and producing free radicals. Several strategies have been exploited to develop highly effective and low-toxicity radiosensitizers. In this review, we highlight recent progress on radiosensitizers, including small molecules, macromolecules, and nanomaterials. First, small molecules are reviewed based on free radicals, pseudosubstrates, and other mechanisms. Second, nanomaterials, such as nanometallic materials, especially gold-based materials that have flexible surface engineering and favorable kinetic properties, have emerged as promising radiosensitizers. Finally, emerging macromolecules have shown significant advantages in RT because these molecules can be combined with biological therapy as well as drug delivery. Further research on the mechanisms of radioresistance and multidisciplinary approaches will accelerate the development of radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Number 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin 300192, China; These authors have contributed equally
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; These authors have contributed equally
| | - Hua He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Cui L, Her S, Borst GR, Bristow RG, Jaffray DA, Allen C. Radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles: Will they ever make it to the clinic? Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:344-356. [PMID: 28784439 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as radiosensitizers has shown great promise in pre-clinical research. In the current review, the physical, chemical, and biological pathways via which AuNPs enhance the effects of radiation are presented and discussed. In particular, the impact of AuNPs on the 5 Rs in radiobiology, namely repair, reoxygenation, redistribution, repopulation, and intrinsic radiosensitivity, which determine the extent of radiation enhancement effects are elucidated. Key findings from previous studies are outlined. In addition, crucial parameters including the physicochemical properties of AuNPs, route of administration, dosing schedule of AuNPs and irradiation, as well as type of radiation therapy, are highlighted; the optimal selection and combination of these parameters enable the achievement of a greater therapeutic window for AuNP sensitized radiotherapy. Future directions are put forward as a means to provide guidelines for successful translation of AuNPs to clinical applications as radiosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sohyoung Her
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerben R Borst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - David A Jaffray
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; TECHNA Institute and Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Radiation Physics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada; STTARR Innovation Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.
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Wu PH, Onodera Y, Ichikawa Y, Rankin EB, Giaccia AJ, Watanabe Y, Qian W, Hashimoto T, Shirato H, Nam JM. Targeting integrins with RGD-conjugated gold nanoparticles in radiotherapy decreases the invasive activity of breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5069-5085. [PMID: 28860745 PMCID: PMC5560413 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s137833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have recently attracted attention as clinical agents for enhancing the effect of radiotherapy in various cancers. Although radiotherapy is a standard treatment for cancers, invasive recurrence and metastasis are significant clinical problems. Several studies have suggested that radiation promotes the invasion of cancer cells by activating molecular mechanisms involving integrin and fibronectin (FN). In this study, polyethylene-glycolylated AuNPs (P-AuNPs) were conjugated with Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD) peptides (RGD/P-AuNPs) to target cancer cells expressing RGD-binding integrins such as α5- and αv-integrins. RGD/P-AuNPs were internalized more efficiently and colocalized with integrins in the late endosomes and lysosomes of MDA-MB-231 cells. A combination of RGD/P-AuNPs and radiation reduced cancer cell viability and increased DNA damage compared to radiation alone in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, the invasive activity of breast cancer cell lines after radiation treatment was significantly inhibited in the presence of RGD/P-AuNPs. Microarray analyses revealed that the expression of FN in irradiated cells was suppressed by combined use of RGD/P-AuNPs. Reduction of FN and downstream signaling may be involved in suppressing radiation-induced invasive activity by RGD/P-AuNPs. Our study suggests that RGD/P-AuNPs can target integrin-overexpressing cancer cells to improve radiation therapy by suppressing invasive activity in addition to sensitization. Thus, these findings provide a possible clinical strategy for using AuNPs to treat invasive breast cancer following radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuhito Onodera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido
| | - Yuki Ichikawa
- Innovation Center, Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan.,IMRA America, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amato J Giaccia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Innovation Center, Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan
| | - Wei Qian
- IMRA America, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Hiroki Shirato
- Department of Radiation Medicine.,Research Center for Cooperative Projects, Graduate School of Medicine.,Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jin-Min Nam
- Department of Radiation Medicine.,Research Center for Cooperative Projects, Graduate School of Medicine.,Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Grellet S, Tzelepi K, Roskamp M, Williams P, Sharif A, Slade-Carter R, Goldie P, Whilde N, Śmiałek MA, Mason NJ, Golding JP. Cancer-selective, single agent chemoradiosensitising gold nanoparticles. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181103. [PMID: 28700660 PMCID: PMC5507319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two nanometre gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), bearing sugar moieties and/or thiol-polyethylene glycol-amine (PEG-amine), were synthesised and evaluated for their in vitro toxicity and ability to radiosensitise cells with 220 kV and 6 MV X-rays, using four cell lines representing normal and cancerous skin and breast tissues. Acute 3 h exposure of cells to AuNPs, bearing PEG-amine only or a 50:50 ratio of alpha-galactose derivative and PEG-amine resulted in selective uptake and toxicity towards cancer cells at unprecedentedly low nanomolar concentrations. Chemotoxicity was prevented by co-administration of N-acetyl cysteine antioxidant, or partially prevented by the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. In addition to their intrinsic cancer-selective chemotoxicity, these AuNPs acted as radiosensitisers in combination with 220 kV or 6 MV X-rays. The ability of AuNPs bearing simple ligands to act as cancer-selective chemoradiosensitisers at low concentrations is a novel discovery that holds great promise in developing low-cost cancer nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Grellet
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantina Tzelepi
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Meike Roskamp
- Midatech Pharma, Milton Park, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Williams
- Midatech Pharma, Milton Park, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Aquila Sharif
- GenesisCare, Milton Keynes Medical Centre, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Goldie
- Radiotherapy Department, Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nicky Whilde
- Radiotherapy Department, Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Małgorzata A. Śmiałek
- Department of Control and Power Engineering, Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J. Mason
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Jon P. Golding
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
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Photothermal therapy using folate conjugated gold nanoparticles enhances the effects of 6 MV X-ray on mouth epidermal carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 172:52-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Gold nanoparticles, radiations and the immune system: Current insights into the physical mechanisms and the biological interactions of this new alliance towards cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:1-17. [PMID: 28322970 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Considering both cancer's serious impact on public health and the side effects of cancer treatments, strategies towards targeted cancer therapy have lately gained considerable interest. Employment of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), in combination with ionizing and non-ionizing radiations, has been shown to improve the effect of radiation treatment significantly. GNPs, as high-Z particles, possess the ability to absorb ionizing radiation and enhance the deposited dose within the targeted tumors. Furthermore, they can convert non-ionizing radiation into heat, due to plasmon resonance, leading to hyperthermic damage to cancer cells. These observations, also supported by experimental evidence both in vitro and in vivo systems, reveal the capacity of GNPs to act as radiosensitizers for different types of radiation. In addition, they can be chemically modified to selectively target tumors, which renders them suitable for future cancer treatment therapies. Herein, a current review of the latest data on the physical properties of GNPs and their effects on GNP circulation time, biodistribution and clearance, as well as their interactions with plasma proteins and the immune system, is presented. Emphasis is also given with an in depth discussion on the underlying physical and biological mechanisms of radiosensitization. Furthermore, simulation data are provided on the use of GNPs in photothermal therapy upon non-ionizing laser irradiation treatment. Finally, the results obtained from the application of GNPs at clinical trials and pre-clinical experiments in vivo are reported.
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Enhancing the effect of 4 MeV electron beam using gold nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. Phys Med 2017; 35:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Rezaee Z, Yadollahpour A, Bayati V, Negad Dehbashi F. Gold nanoparticles and electroporation impose both separate and synergistic radiosensitizing effects in HT-29 tumor cells: an in vitro study. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1431-1439. [PMID: 28260889 PMCID: PMC5327907 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s128996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Radiation therapy (RT) is the gold standard treatment for more than half of known tumors. Despite recent improvements in RT efficiency, the side effects of ionizing radiation (IR) in normal tissues are a dose-limiting factor that restricts higher doses in tumor treatment. One approach to enhance the efficiency of RT is the application of radiosensitizers to selectively increase the dose at the tumor site. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and electroporation (EP) have shown good potential as radiosensitizers for RT. This study aims to investigate the sensitizing effects of EP, GNPs, and combined GNPs-EP on the dose enhancement factor (DEF) for 6 MV photon energy. METHODS Radiosensitizing effects of EP, GNPs, and combinations of GNPs-EP were comparatively investigated in vitro for intestinal colon cancer (HT-29) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines by MTT assay and colony formation assay at 6 MV photon energy in six groups: IR (control group), GNPs+IR, GNPs (24 h)+IR, EP+IR, GNPs+EP+IR, and GNPs (24 h)+EP+IR. RESULTS Treatment of both cell lines with EP, GNPs, and combined GNPs-EP significantly enhanced the response of cells to irradiation. However, the HT-29 showed higher DEF values for all groups. In addition, the DEF value for HT-29 cells for GNPs+IR, GNPs (24 h)+IR, EP+IR, GNPs+EP+IR, and GNPs (24 h)+EP+IR was, respectively, 1.17, 1.47, 1.36, 2.61, and 2.89, indicating synergistic radiosensitizing effect for the GNPs (24 h)+EP+IR group. Furthermore, the synergistic effect was observed just for HT-29 tumor cell lines. CONCLUSION Combined GNPs-EP protocols induced synergistic radiosensitizing effect in HT-29 cells, and the effect is also tumor specific. This combined therapy can be beneficially used for the treatment of intrinsically less radiosensitive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Rezaee
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Avhaz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Yadollahpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Avhaz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Avhaz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Negad Dehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Avhaz, Iran
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Rosa S, Connolly C, Schettino G, Butterworth KT, Prise KM. Biological mechanisms of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization. Cancer Nanotechnol 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28217176 PMCID: PMC5288470 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-017-0026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the use of nanomaterials for a range of biomedical applications over the last number of years. In particular, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) possess a number of unique properties that make them ideal candidates as radiosensitizers on the basis of their strong photoelectric absorption coefficient and ease of synthesis. However, despite promising preclinical evidence in vitro supported by a limited amount of in vivo experiments, along with advances in mechanistic understanding, GNPs have not yet translated into the clinic. This may be due to disparity between predicted levels of radiosensitization based on physical action, observed biological response and an incomplete mechanistic understanding, alongside current experimental limitations. This paper provides a review of the current state of the field, highlighting the potential underlying biological mechanisms in GNP radiosensitization and examining the barriers to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Rosa
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chris Connolly
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, TW11 0LW UK
| | | | - Karl T. Butterworth
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kevin M. Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE Northern Ireland, UK
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Her S, Jaffray DA, Allen C. Gold nanoparticles for applications in cancer radiotherapy: Mechanisms and recent advancements. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 109:84-101. [PMID: 26712711 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as novel radiosensitizers owing to their high X-ray absorption, synthetic versatility, and unique chemical, electronic and optical properties. Multi-disciplinary research performed over the past decade has demonstrated the potential of AuNP-based radiosensitizers, and identified possible mechanisms underlying the observed radiation enhancement effects of AuNPs. Despite promising findings from pre-clinical studies, the benefits of AuNP radiosensitization have yet to successfully translate into clinical practice. In this review, we present an overview of the current state of AuNP-based radiosensitization in the context of the physical, chemical and biological modes of radiosensitization. As well, recent advancements that focus on formulation design and enable multi-modality treatment and clinical utilization are discussed, concluding with design considerations to guide the development of next generation AuNPs for clinical applications.
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Investigation of the gold nanoparticles effects on the prostate dose distribution in brachytherapy: gel dosimetry and Monte Carlo method. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2016; 8:422-428. [PMID: 27895684 PMCID: PMC5116456 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2016.63453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this work, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were embedded in the MAGIC-f polymer gel irradiated with the 192Ir brachytherapy sources. Material and methods At the first plexiglas phantom was made as the human pelvis. The GNPs were synthesized with 15 nm in diameter and 0.1 mM (0.0197 mg/ml) in concentration by using a chemical reduction method. Then, the MAGIC-f gel was synthesized. The fabricated gel was poured into the tubes located at the prostate (with and without the GNPs) locations of the phantom. The phantom was irradiated with 192Ir brachytherapy sources for prostate cancer. After 24 hours, the irradiated gels was read by using Siemens 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. Following the brachytherapy practices, the absolute doses at the reference points and isodose curves were extracted and compared by experimental measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Results The mean absorbed doses in the presence of the GNPs in prostate were 14% higher than the corresponding values without the GNPs in the brachytherapy. The gamma index analysis (between gel and MC) using 7%/7 mm was also applied to the data and a high pass rate achieved (91.7% and 86.4% for analysis with/without GNPs, respectively). Conclusions The real three-dimensional analysis shows the comparison of the dose-volume histograms measured for planning volumes and the expected one from the MC calculation. The results indicate that the polymer gel dosimetry method, which developed and used in this study, could be recommended as a reliable method for investigating the dose enhancement factor of GNPs in brachytherapy.
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Brun E, Sicard-Roselli C. Actual questions raised by nanoparticle radiosensitization. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhao N, Yang Z, Li B, Meng J, Shi Z, Li P, Fu S. RGD-conjugated mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold nanorods enhance the sensitization of triple-negative breast cancer to megavoltage radiation therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5595-5610. [PMID: 27822038 PMCID: PMC5089827 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s104034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional nanoprobes have great potential as effective radiosensitizers and drug carriers. RGD-modified gold nanorods could increase the uptake of nanoparticles via receptor-mediated endocytosis in integrin alphaV beta3-overexpressing breast cancer cells, which could enhance the effects of radiation on tumor cells, leading to further radiosensitization. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate that RGD-conjugated mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold nanorods significantly enhanced the sensitization of triple-negative breast cancer to megavoltage energy. The results indicated that RGD-conjugated mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold nanorod multifunctional nanoprobes could achieve radiosensitization in vitro and in vivo, which suggests the potential translation of this nanotechnology to clinical applications in tumor-targeting and selective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiation Oncology, 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangru Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeliang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Subiel A, Ashmore R, Schettino G. Standards and Methodologies for Characterizing Radiobiological Impact of High-Z Nanoparticles. Theranostics 2016; 6:1651-71. [PMID: 27446499 PMCID: PMC4955064 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the application of high-Z nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer treatment and diagnosis has recently been the subject of growing interest, with much promise being shown with regards to a potential transition into clinical practice. In spite of numerous publications related to the development and application of nanoparticles for use with ionizing radiation, the literature is lacking coherent and systematic experimental approaches to fully evaluate the radiobiological effectiveness of NPs, validate mechanistic models and allow direct comparison of the studies undertaken by various research groups. The lack of standards and established methodology is commonly recognised as a major obstacle for the transition of innovative research ideas into clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive overview of radiobiological techniques and quantification methods used in in vitro studies on high-Z nanoparticles and aims to provide recommendations for future standardization for NP-mediated radiation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Subiel
- ✉ Corresponding author: +44 (0)20 8943 8548; ; National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
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