1
|
Weindl CL, Fajman CE, Xu Z, Zheng T, Möhl GE, Chaulagain N, Shankar K, Gilles R, Fässler TF, Müller-Buschbaum P. Dendritic Copper Current Collectors as a Capacity Boosting Material for Polymer-Templated Si/Ge/C Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2309-2318. [PMID: 38170673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic copper offers a highly effective method for synthesizing porous copper anodes due to its intricate branching structure. This morphology results in an elevated surface area-to-volume ratio, facilitating shortened electron pathways during aqueous and electrolyte permeation. Here, we demonstrate a procedure for a time- and cost-efficient synthesis routine of fern-like copper microstructures as a host for polymer-templated Si/Ge/C thin films. Dissolvable Zintl clusters and sol-gel chemistry are used to synthesize nanoporous coating as the anode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) with KOH as the electrolyte is used to estimate the surface area increase in the dendritic copper current collectors (CCs). Half cells are assembled and tested with battery-related techniques such as CV, galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, showing a capacity increase in the dendritic copper cells. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is used to estimate the removal of K in the bulk after oxidizing the Zintl phase K12Si8Ge9 in the polymer/precursor blend with SiCl4. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy images are provided to depict the thin films after synthesis and track the degradation of the half cells after cycling, revealing that the morphological degradation through alloying/dealloying is reduced for the dendritic Cu CC anodes as compared with the bare reference. Finally, we highlight this time- and cost-efficient routine for synthesizing this capacity-boosting material for low-mobility and high-capacity anode coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Weindl
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Christian E Fajman
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Zhuijun Xu
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Tianle Zheng
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Gilles E Möhl
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Narendra Chaulagain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Ralph Gilles
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair for Functional Materials, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaasalainen M, Zhang R, Vashisth P, Birjandi AA, S'Ari M, Martella DA, Isaacs M, Mäkilä E, Wang C, Moldenhauer E, Clarke P, Pinna A, Zhang X, Mustfa SA, Caprettini V, Morrell AP, Gentleman E, Brauer DS, Addison O, Zhang X, Bergholt M, Al-Jamal K, Volponi AA, Salonen J, Hondow N, Sharpe P, Chiappini C. Lithiated porous silicon nanowires stimulate periodontal regeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:487. [PMID: 38216556 PMCID: PMC10786831 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a significant burden for oral health, causing progressive and irreversible damage to the support structure of the tooth. This complex structure, the periodontium, is composed of interconnected soft and mineralised tissues, posing a challenge for regenerative approaches. Materials combining silicon and lithium are widely studied in periodontal regeneration, as they stimulate bone repair via silicic acid release while providing regenerative stimuli through lithium activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Yet, existing materials for combined lithium and silicon release have limited control over ion release amounts and kinetics. Porous silicon can provide controlled silicic acid release, inducing osteogenesis to support bone regeneration. Prelithiation, a strategy developed for battery technology, can introduce large, controllable amounts of lithium within porous silicon, but yields a highly reactive material, unsuitable for biomedicine. This work debuts a strategy to lithiate porous silicon nanowires (LipSiNs) which generates a biocompatible and bioresorbable material. LipSiNs incorporate lithium to between 1% and 40% of silicon content, releasing lithium and silicic acid in a tailorable fashion from days to weeks. LipSiNs combine osteogenic, cementogenic and Wnt/β-catenin stimuli to regenerate bone, cementum and periodontal ligament fibres in a murine periodontal defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martti Kaasalainen
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Priya Vashisth
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Anahid Ahmadi Birjandi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mark S'Ari
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Mark Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- HarwellXPS, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Labs, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Cong Wang
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Evelin Moldenhauer
- Postnova Analytics GmbH, Rankinestr. 1, Landsberg am Lech, 86899, Germany
| | - Paul Clarke
- Postnova Analytics GmbH, Rankinestr. 1, Landsberg am Lech, 86899, Germany
| | - Alessandra Pinna
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW72AZ, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW11AT, UK
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Xuechen Zhang
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Salman A Mustfa
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Valeria Caprettini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Alexander P Morrell
- Centre for Oral Clinical & Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Delia S Brauer
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Owen Addison
- Centre for Oral Clinical & Translational Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Mads Bergholt
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Khuloud Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ana Angelova Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
| | - Nicole Hondow
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ciro Chiappini
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu P, Li Z, Han M, Yu J. Growth of Vertical Graphene Sheets on Silicon Nanoparticles Well-Dispersed on Graphite Particles for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2307494. [PMID: 38041468 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
With rapidly increasing demand for high energy density, silicon (Si) is greatly expected to play an important role as the anode material of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high specific capacity. However, large volume expansion for silicon during the charging process is still a serious problem influencing its cycling stability. Here, a Si/C composite of vertical graphene sheets/silicon/carbon/graphite (VGSs@Si/C/G) is reported to address the electrochemical stability issues of Si/graphite anodes, which is prepared by adhering Si nanoparticles on graphite particles with chitosan and then in situ growing VGSs by thermal chemical vapor deposition. As a promising anode material, due to the buffering effect of VGSs and tight bonding between Si and graphite particles, the composite delivers a high reversible capacity of 782.2 mAh g-1 after 1000 cycles with an initial coulombic efficiency of 87.2%. Furthermore, the VGSs@Si/C/G shows a diffusion coefficient of two orders higher than that without growing the VGSs. The full battery using VGSs@Si/C/G anode and LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cathode achieves a high gravimetric energy density of 343.6 Wh kg-1 , a high capacity retention of 91.5% after 500 cycles and an excellent average CE of 99.9%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Shenzhen Engineering Lab for Supercapacitor Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Zhenwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Shenzhen Engineering Lab for Supercapacitor Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Meisheng Han
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Shenzhen Engineering Lab for Supercapacitor Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choi YH, Bang J, Lee S, Jeong HD. Influence of bridge structure manipulation on the electrochemical performance of π-conjugated molecule-bridged silicon quantum dot nanocomposite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3737-3748. [PMID: 37441258 PMCID: PMC10334421 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00132f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
To assess the influence of bridge structure manipulation on the electrochemical performance of π-conjugated molecule-bridged silicon quantum dot (Si QD) nanocomposite (SQNC) anode materials, we prepared two types of SQNCs by Sonogashira cross-coupling and hydrosilylation reactions; one is SQNC-VPEPV, wherein the Si QDs are covalently bonded by vinylene (V)-phenylene (P)-ethynylene (E)-phenylene-vinylene, and the other is SQNC-VPV. By comparing the electrochemical performances of the SQNCs, including that of the previously reported SQNC-VPEPEPV, we found that the SQNC with the highest specific capacity varied depending on the applied current density; SQNC-VPEPV (1420 mA h g-1) > SQNC-VPV (779 mA h g-1) > SQNC-VPEPEPV(465 mA h g-1) at 800 mA g-1, and SQNC-VPV (529 mA h g-1) > SQNC-VPEPEPV (53 mA h g-1) > SQNC-VPEPV (7 mA h g-1) at 2000 mA g-1. To understand this result, we performed EIS and GITT measurements of the SQNCs. In the course of investigating the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient, charge/discharge kinetics, and electrochemical performance of the SQNC anode materials, we found that electronic conductivity is a key parameter for determining the electrochemical performance of the SQNC. Two probable causes for the unique behavior of the electrochemical performances of the SQNCs are anticipated: (i) the SQNC with predominant electronic conductivity is varied depending on the current density applied during the cell operation, and (ii) the degree of surface oxidation of the Si QDs in the SQNCs varies depending on the structures of the surface organic molecules of the Si QDs and the bridging molecules of the SQNCs. Therefore, differences in the amount of oxides (SiO2)/suboxides (SiOx) on the surface of Si QDs lead to significant differences in conductivity and electrochemical performance between the SQNCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwa Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Dam Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
- QURES Co., Ltd. Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tzeng Y, Jhan CY, Chen GY, Chiu KM, Wu YC, Wang PS. Hydrogen Bond-Enabled High-ICE Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery Using Carbonized Citric Acid-Coated Silicon Flake in PAA Binder. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:8001-8010. [PMID: 36872967 PMCID: PMC9979319 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A silicon-based lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode is extensively studied because of silicon's abundance, high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mAh/g), and low operating potential versus lithium. Technical barriers to large-scale commercial applications include the low electrical conductivity and up to about 400% volume changes of silicon due to alloying with lithium. Maintaining the physical integrity of individual silicon particles and the anode structure is the top priority. We use strong hydrogen bonds between citric acid (CA) and silicon to firmly coat CA on silicon. Carbonized CA (CCA) enhances electrical conductivity of silicon. Polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder encapsulates silicon flakes by strong bonds formed by abundant COOH functional groups in PAA and on CCA. It results in excellent physical integrity of individual silicon particles and the whole anode. The silicon-based anode shows high initial coulombic efficiency, around 90%, and the capacity retention of 1479 mAh/g after 200 discharge-charge cycles at 1 A/g current. At 4 A/g, the capacity retention of 1053 mAh/g was achieved. A durable high-ICE silicon-based LIB anode capable of high discharge-charge current has been reported.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang H, Li J. High-performance SiGe anode materials obtained by dealloying a Sr-modified Al-Si-Ge eutectic precursor. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2672-2679. [PMID: 36741144 PMCID: PMC9844252 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07674h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In exploring the anode materials for high efficiency Li-ion batteries, it has been found that the electrochemical performance of Si can be enhanced via alloying with Ge. In the present work, we modified the Al-Si-Ge eutectic ribbons as the precursor by adding a trace of Sr to the alloy. The SiGe particles obtained by dealloying the Al-Si-Ge eutectic precursor have a porous coral-like nano-architecture with numerous fibrous branches towards various directions. Because of the large surface area and porosity, the as-prepared Sr-modified SiGe anode delivers an excellent capacity of 1166.6 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 after 100 cycles with a fantastic initial coulombic efficiency of 83.62%. Besides, it has a superior rate performance with a reversible capacity of 675.3 mA h g-1 at the current density of 8 A g-1. It is demonstrated that the modification treatment that is widely used in metallurgy is also a promising strategy to synthesize high-performance battery electrodes and other energy storage materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China+86 21 54748530
| | - Jinfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China+86 21 54748530
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fedorov AS, Teplinskaia AS. Thermal Properties of Porous Silicon Nanomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8678. [PMID: 36500175 PMCID: PMC9741138 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The thermal properties, including the heat capacity, thermal conductivity, effusivity, diffusivity, and phonon density of states of silicon-based nanomaterials are analyzed using a molecular dynamics calculation. These quantities are calculated in more detail for bulk silicon, porous silicon, and a silicon aerocrystal (aerogel), including the passivation of the porous internal surfaces with hydrogen, hydroxide, and oxygen ions. It is found that the heat capacity of these materials increases monotonically by up to 30% with an increase in the area of the porous inner surface and upon its passivation with these ions. This phenomenon is explained by a shift of the phonon density of states of the materials under study to the low-frequency region. In addition, it is shown that the thermal conductivity of the investigated materials depends on the degree of their porosity and can be changed significantly upon the passivation of their inner surface with different ions. It is demonstrated that, in the various simulated types of porous silicon, the thermal conductivity changes by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared with the value for bulk silicon. At the same time, it is found that the nature of the passivation of the internal nanosilicon surfaces affects the thermal conductivity. For example, the passivation of the surfaces with hydrogen does not significantly change this parameter, whereas a passivation with oxygen ions reduces it by a factor of two on average, and passivation with hydroxyl ions increases the thermal conductivity by a factor of 2-3. Similar trends are observed for the thermal effusivities and diffusivities of all the types of nanoporous silicon under passivation, but, in that case, the changes are weaker (by a factor of 1.5-2). The ways of tuning the thermal properties of the new nanostructured materials are outlined, which is important for their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S. Fedorov
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anastasiia S. Teplinskaia
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu D, Wei M, Liu S, Li R, Ma J. High-performance Bloch surface wave biosensor based on a prism-coupled porous silicon composite structure for the detection of hemoglobin. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42840-42849. [PMID: 36522995 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors have various potential applications in biomedical research and clinical diagnostic, especially in detection of biomolecules in highly diluted solutions. In this study, a high-performance Bloch surface wave biosensor was constructed for the detection of hemoglobin. The procedure consisted of designing a porous silicon-based Kretschmann configuration to ensure excitation of the Bloch surface wave. The performance of the resulting sensor was then optimized by adjusting the buffer layer parameters based on the impedance matching method. The results showed an increase in the quality factor and figure of merit of the biosensor as a function of the decrease in thickness and refractive index of the buffer layer. The combination of the two optimization methods resulted in the quality factor and figure of merit of the optimized biosensor reaching as high as Q = 6967.4 and FOM = 11050RIU-1, respectively. In sum, the designed biosensor with high performance looks promising for future detection of hemoglobin.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yoo BI, Kim HM, Choi MJ, Yoo JK. Synergetic Effect of Hybrid Conductive Additives for High-Capacity and Excellent Cyclability in Si Anodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3354. [PMID: 36234483 PMCID: PMC9565680 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is a promising anode material that can increase the theoretical capacity of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the volume expansion of silicon remains a challenge. In this study, we employed a novel combination of conductive additives to effectively suppress the volume expansion of Si during charging/discharging cycles. Rather than carbon black (CB), which is commonly used in SiO anodes, we introduced single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a conductive additive. Owing to their high aspect ratio, CNTs enable effective connection of SiO particles, leading to stable electrochemical operation to prevent volume expansion. In addition, we explored a combination of CB and SWCNTs, with results showing a synergetic effect compared to a single-component of SWCNTs, as small-sized CB particles can enhance the interface contact between the conductive additive and SiO particles, whereas SWCNTs have limited contact points. With this hybrid conductive additive, we achieved a stable operation of full-cell LIBs for more than 200 cycles, with a retention rate of 91.1%, whereas conventional CB showed a 74.0% specific capacity retention rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Il Yoo
- Carbon Composites Department, Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Han-Min Kim
- Carbon Composites Department, Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Min-Jae Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Jung-Keun Yoo
- Carbon Composites Department, Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Korea
- Advanced Materials Engineering Division, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Zhao J, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhao P, Ni L, Xie Q, Meng J. Ball-Milled Silicon with Amorphous Al 2O 3/C Hybrid Coating Embedded in Graphene/Graphite Nanosheets with a Boosted Lithium Storage Capability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8555-8563. [PMID: 35776439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical active silicon has attracted great attention as anodes for lithium-ion batteries owing to a high theoretical capacity of 4200 mA h g-1. In this work, ball-milled silicon particles with submicron size were strategically modified with a hybrid coating of amorphous alumina and carbon, which simultaneously embedded in a porous framework of in situ exfoliated graphene/graphite nanosheets (GGN). The composite exhibits an enhanced electrochemical performance, including high cycling stability and superior rate capability. An initial discharge capacity of 1294 mA h g-1 and a reversible charge capacity of 1044 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 can be achieved with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of up to ca. 81%. Additionally, the composite can remain 902 mA h g-1 after 100 discharge/charge cycles, accounting for a high retention of about 86%. This silicon composite is a promising anode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries with a high energy density, and the facile one-pot fabrication route is low cost and scalable, with a great prospect for practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jinhui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yingqiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300017, China
| | - Lei Ni
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qinxing Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jianqiang Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bolloju S, Chang YL, Sharma SU, Hsu MF, Lee JT. Vulcanized polyisoprene-graft-maleic anhydride as an efficient binder for silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Li H, Li H, Yang Z, Lai Y, Yang Q, Duan P, Zheng Z, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhong B, Wu Z, Guo X. Controlled synthesis of mesoporous Si/C composites anode via confining carbon coating and Mg gas reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 627:151-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
13
|
Zhang F, Zhu W, Li T, Yuan Y, Yin J, Jiang J, Yang L. Advances of Synthesis Methods for Porous Silicon-Based Anode Materials. Front Chem 2022; 10:889563. [PMID: 35548675 PMCID: PMC9081600 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.889563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si)-based anode materials have been the promising candidates to replace commercial graphite, however, there are challenges in the practical applications of Si-based anode materials, including large volume expansion during Li+ insertion/deinsertion and low intrinsic conductivity. To address these problems existed for applications, nanostructured silicon materials, especially Si-based materials with three-dimensional (3D) porous structures have received extensive attention due to their unique advantages in accommodating volume expansion, transportation of lithium-ions, and convenient processing. In this review, we mainly summarize different synthesis methods of porous Si-based materials, including template-etching methods and self-assembly methods. Analysis of the strengths and shortages of the different methods is also provided. The morphology evolution and electrochemical effects of the porous structures on Si-based anodes of different methods are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Yin, ; Lishan Yang,
| | - Jianhong Jiang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Water Treatment Process and Equipment, China Machinery International Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Lishan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petrochemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Yin, ; Lishan Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang B, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Liu K. Fabrication of amorphous hollow mesoporous Si@SiO x nanoboxes as an anode material for enhanced lithium storage performance. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02395d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hollow mesoporous Si@SiOx nanoboxes are synthesized successfully by a simple sol–gel reaction of triethoxysilane using Fe2O3 nanocubes as the template, followed by a thermal reduction process and subsequent acid treatment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- School of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan 063000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- School of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan 063000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- School of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan 063000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliu Wang
- School of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan 063000, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of New Materials and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan 063000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu K, Liu J, Gong X, Zhang X, Wang Z. Rationally designed high‐conductivity
Hydrangea macrophylla
‐like Si@NiO@Ni/C composites as a high‐performance anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kunxiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Junhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xuzhong Gong
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xianren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nugroho AP, Hawari NH, Prakoso B, Refino AD, Yulianto N, Iskandar F, Kartini E, Peiner E, Wasisto HS, Sumboja A. Vertically Aligned n-Type Silicon Nanowire Array as a Free-Standing Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113137. [PMID: 34835901 PMCID: PMC8622085 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high theoretical specific capacity, a silicon anode is one of the candidates for realizing high energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, problems related to bulk silicon (e.g., low intrinsic conductivity and massive volume expansion) limit the performance of silicon anodes. In this work, to improve the performance of silicon anodes, a vertically aligned n-type silicon nanowire array (n-SiNW) was fabricated using a well-controlled, top-down nano-machining technique by combining photolithography and inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) at a cryogenic temperature. The array of nanowires ~1 µm in diameter and with the aspect ratio of ~10 was successfully prepared from commercial n-type silicon wafer. The half-cell LIB with free-standing n-SiNW electrode exhibited an initial Coulombic efficiency of 91.1%, which was higher than the battery with a blank n-silicon wafer electrode (i.e., 67.5%). Upon 100 cycles of stability testing at 0.06 mA cm−2, the battery with the n-SiNW electrode retained 85.9% of its 0.50 mAh cm−2 capacity after the pre-lithiation step, whereas its counterpart, the blank n-silicon wafer electrode, only maintained 61.4% of 0.21 mAh cm−2 capacity. Furthermore, 76.7% capacity retention can be obtained at a current density of 0.2 mA cm−2, showing the potential of n-SiNW anodes for high current density applications. This work presents an alternative method for facile, high precision, and high throughput patterning on a wafer-scale to obtain a high aspect ratio n-SiNW, and its application in LIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andika Pandu Nugroho
- Material Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (A.P.N.); (N.H.H.)
- National Battery Research Institute, Gedung EduCenter Lt. 2 Unit 22260 BSD City, South Tangerang 15331, Indonesia;
| | - Naufal Hanif Hawari
- Material Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (A.P.N.); (N.H.H.)
| | - Bagas Prakoso
- Mekanisasi Perikanan, Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Sorong, Jl. Kapitan Pattimura, Sorong 98411, Indonesia;
| | - Andam Deatama Refino
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology (IHT) and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (A.D.R.); (N.Y.); (E.P.); (H.S.W.)
- Engineering Physics Program, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia
| | - Nursidik Yulianto
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology (IHT) and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (A.D.R.); (N.Y.); (E.P.); (H.S.W.)
- Research Center for Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Kawasan Puspiptek 441-442, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Iskandar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Evvy Kartini
- National Battery Research Institute, Gedung EduCenter Lt. 2 Unit 22260 BSD City, South Tangerang 15331, Indonesia;
- Center for Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Peiner
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology (IHT) and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (A.D.R.); (N.Y.); (E.P.); (H.S.W.)
| | - Hutomo Suryo Wasisto
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology (IHT) and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology (LENA), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (A.D.R.); (N.Y.); (E.P.); (H.S.W.)
- PT Nanosense Instrument Indonesia, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta 55167, Indonesia
| | - Afriyanti Sumboja
- Material Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (A.P.N.); (N.H.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fabrication of Black Silicon via Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching—A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131910766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) technique is commonly employed for texturing the wafer surfaces when fabricating black silicon (BSi) solar cells and is considered to be a potential technique to improve the efficiency of traditional Si-based solar cells. This article aims to review the MACE technique along with its mechanism for Ag-, Cu- and Ni-assisted etching. Primarily, several essential aspects of the fabrication of BSi are discussed, including chemical reaction, etching direction, mass transfer, and the overall etching process of the MACE method. Thereafter, three metal catalysts (Ag, Cu, and Ni) are critically analyzed to identify their roles in producing cost-effective and sustainable BSi solar cells with higher quality and efficiency. The conducted study revealed that Ag-etched BSi wafers are more suitable for the growth of higher quality and efficiency Si solar cells compared to Cu- and Ni-etched BSi wafers. However, both Cu and Ni seem to be more cost-effective and more appropriate for the mass production of BSi solar cells than Ag-etched wafers. Meanwhile, the Ni-assisted chemical etching process takes a longer time than Cu but the Ni-etched BSi solar cells possess enhanced light absorption capacity and lower activity in terms of the dissolution and oxidation process than Cu-etched BSi solar cells.
Collapse
|
18
|
Dhanabalan A, Song BF, Biswal SL. Extreme Rate Capability Cycling of Porous Silicon Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Dhanabalan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Botao Farren Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Sibani Lisa Biswal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang HS, Lee BS, Yu WR. Simple design of a Si–Sn–C ternary composite anode for Li-ion batteries. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Advanced and Emerging Negative Electrodes for Li-Ion Capacitors: Pragmatism vs. Performance. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Li-ion capacitors (LICs) are designed to achieve high power and energy densities using a carbon-based material as a positive electrode coupled with a negative electrode often adopted from Li-ion batteries. However, such adoption cannot be direct and requires additional materials optimization. Furthermore, for the desired device’s performance, a proper design of the electrodes is necessary to balance the different charge storage mechanisms. The negative electrode with an intercalation or alloying active material must provide the high rate performance and long-term cycling ability necessary for LIC functionality—a primary challenge for the design of these energy-storage devices. In addition, the search for new active materials must also consider the need for environmentally friendly chemistry and the sustainable availability of key elements. With these factors in mind, this review evaluates advanced and emerging materials used as high-rate anodes in LICs from the perspective of their practical implementation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Manrique-de-la-Cuba MF, Leyva-Parra L, Inostroza D, Gomez B, Vásquez-Espinal A, Garza J, Yañez O, Tiznado W. Li 8 Si 8 , Li 10 Si 9 , and Li 12 Si 10 : Assemblies of Lithium-Silicon Aromatic Units. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:906-910. [PMID: 33779015 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the global minima structures of Li8 Si8 , Li10 Si9 , and Li12 Si10 systems, in which silicon moieties maintain structural and chemical bonding characteristics similar to those of their building blocks: the aromatic clusters Td -Li4 Si4 and C2v -Li6 Si5 . Electron counting rules, chemical bonding analysis, and magnetic response properties verify the silicon unit's aromaticity persistence. This study demonstrates the feasibility of assembling silicon-based nanostructures from aromatics clusters as building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Manrique-de-la-Cuba
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad Católica de Santa María, 04013, Urb. San José S/N, Umacollo, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Luis Leyva-Parra
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, 8370251, Santiago, Chile.,Programa de Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Inostroza
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, 8370251, Santiago, Chile.,Programa de Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Badhin Gomez
- Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad Católica de Santa María, 04013, Urb. San José S/N, Umacollo, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, 8370251, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Garza
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, 09340, México City, México
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, 8370251, Santiago, Chile.,Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), 8370251, Santiago, Chile
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, 8370251, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang K, Tan Y, Li P, Wang Y. Recycling Si waste cut from diamond wire into high performance porous Si@SiO 2@C anodes for Li-ion battery. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124778. [PMID: 33333386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Si particle waste cut from diamond wire in photovoltaic industry is chose as an environmental friendly and low-cost resource for Li-ion battery. In this study, the pollutions of SiO2 layer, adhered trace metal and organic impurities on the Si particle waste can be removed by the facile processes of corrosion and pyrolysis. The removal ratios of organic and metal impurities were 70.42% and 66.76%, respectively. The different kinetic models for the removal of metal impurities demonstrate that the leaching is more suitable for controlling by second-order reaction of homogeneous models (R2 =0.992, m=2). The preparation analysis of porous Si@SiO2 with a 3D cluster nanoporous structure using a special bubble corrosion method was firstly proposed and discussed intensively. The first discharge and charge capacities of porous Si@SiO2 @C composites reached 2579.8 and 2184.1 mAh/g, the initial CE reached 84.66%, and the corresponding capacities after 100 cycles reached 1051.4 and 1038.2 mAh/g, which showed the better electrical performance. This study establishes a theoretical basis for recycling Si particle waste cut from diamond wire, and provides technical support for the energy sustainable development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian 116024, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian 116024, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Pengting Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian 116024, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), Dalian 116024, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
A facile fabrication of micro/nano-sized silicon/carbon composite with a honeycomb structure as high-stability anodes for lithium-ion batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
24
|
Tzeng Y, He JL, Jhan CY, Wu YH. Effects of SiC and Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Carbon Coatings on Silicon-Flake-Based Anode of Lithium Ion Battery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:302. [PMID: 33503892 PMCID: PMC7910867 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Silicon flakes of about 100 × 1000 × 1000 nm in sizes recycled from wastes of silicon wafer manufacturing processes were coated with combined silicon carbide (SiC) and graphitic (Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF)) carbon coatings to serve as active materials of the anode of lithium ion battery (LIB). Thermal carbonization of silicon at 1000 °C for 5 h forms 5-nm SiC encapsulating silicon flakes. SiC provides physical strength to help silicon flakes maintain physical integrity and isolating silicon from irreversible reactions with the electrolyte. Lithium diffuses through SiC before alloying with silicon. The SiC buffer layer results in uniform alloying reactions between lithium and silicon on the surface around a silicon flake. RF carbon coatings provide enhanced electrical conductivity of SiC encapsulated silicon flakes. We characterized the coatings and anode by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), and electrical resistance measurements. Coin half-cells with combined SiC and RF carbon coatings exhibit an initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 76% and retains a specific capacity of 955 mAh/g at 100th cycle and 850 mAh/g at 150th cycle of repetitive discharge and charge operation. Pre-lithiation of the anode increases the ICE to 97%. The SiC buffer layer reduces local stresses caused by non-uniform volume changes and improves the capacity retention and the cycling life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonhua Tzeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Microelectronics, National Cheng Kung University, One University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan; (J.-L.H.); (C.-Y.J.); (Y.-H.W.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sakamoto M, Terada S, Mizutani T, Saitow KI. Large Field Enhancement of Nanocoral Structures on Porous Si Synthesized from Rice Husks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1105-1113. [PMID: 33332080 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is a highly abundant, environmentally benign, and durable material and is the most popular semiconductor material; and it is used for the field enhancement of dielectric materials. Porous Si (PSi) exhibits high functionality due to its specific structure. However, the field enhancement of PSi has not been clarified sufficiently. Herein, we present the field enhancement of PSi by the fluorescence intensity enhancement of a dye molecule. The raw material used for producing PSi was rice husk, a biomass material. A nanocoral structure, consisting of spheroidal structures on the surface of PSi, was observed when PSi was subjected to chemical processes and pulsed laser melting, and it demonstrated large field enhancement with an enhancement factor (EF) of up to 545. Confocal microscopy was used for EF mapping of samples before and after laser melting, and the maps were superimposed on nanoscale scanning electron microscope images to highlight the EF effect as a function of microstructure. Nanocoral Si with high EF values were also evaluated by analyzing the porosity from gas adsorption measurements. Nanocoral Si was responsible for the high EF, according to thermodynamic calculations and agreement between experimental and calculation results as determined by Mie scattering theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Shiho Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mizutani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Saitow
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tzeng Y, Chen R, He JL. Silicon-Based Anode of Lithium Ion Battery Made of Nano Silicon Flakes Partially Encapsulated by Silicon Dioxide. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122467. [PMID: 33317182 PMCID: PMC7764813 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitous mobile electronic devices and rapidly increasing electric vehicles demand a better lithium ion battery (LIB) with a more durable and higher specific charge storage capacity than traditional graphite-based ones. Silicon is among the most promising active media since it exhibits ten times of a specific capacity. However, alloying with lithium by silicon and dissociation of the silicon-lithium alloys induce high volume changes and result in pulverization. The loss of electrical contacts by silicon with the current collector of the anode causes rapid capacity decay. We report improved anode cycling performance made of silicon flakes partially encapsulated by silicon dioxide and coated with conductive nanocarbon films and CNTs. The silicon dioxide surface layer on a silicon flake improves the physical integrity for a silicon-based anode. The exposed silicon surface provides a fast transport of lithium ions and electrons. CNTs and nanocarbon films provide electrical connections between silicon flakes and the current collector. We report a novel way of manufacturing silicon flakes partially covered by silicon dioxide through breaking oxidized silicon flakes into smaller pieces. Additionally, we demonstrate an improved cycling life and capacity retention compared to pristine silicon flakes and silicon flakes fully encapsulated by silicon dioxide. Nanocarbon coatings provide conduction channels and further improve the anode performance.
Collapse
|
27
|
Lai SY, Mæhlen JP, Preston TJ, Skare MO, Nagell MU, Ulvestad A, Lemordant D, Koposov AY. Morphology engineering of silicon nanoparticles for better performance in Li-ion battery anodes. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5335-5342. [PMID: 36132020 PMCID: PMC9417716 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00770f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous silicon nanoparticles were synthesized through pyrolysis of silane gas at temperatures ranging from 575 to 675 °C. According to the used temperature and silane concentration, two distinct types of particles can be obtained: at 625 °C, spherical particles with smooth surface and a low degree of aggregation, but at a higher temperature (650 °C) and lower silane concentration, particles with extremely rough surfaces and high degree of aggregation are found. This demonstrates the importance of the synthesis temperature on the morphology of silicon particles. The two types of silicon nanoparticles were subsequently used as active materials in a lithium half cell configuration, using LiPF6 in an alkylcarbonate-based electrolyte, in order to investigate the impact of the particles morphology on the cycling performances of silicon anode material. The difference in morphology of the particles resulted in different volume expansions, which impacts the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and, as a consequence, the lifetime of the electrode. Half-cells fabricated from spherical particles demonstrated almost 70% capacity retention for over 300 cycles, while the cells made from the rough, aggregated particles showed a sharp decrease in capacity after the 20th cycle. The cycling results underline the importance of Si particle engineering and its influence on the lifetime of Si-based materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samson Y Lai
- Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Jan Petter Mæhlen
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Thomas J Preston
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Marte O Skare
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Marius U Nagell
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Asbjørn Ulvestad
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
| | - Daniel Lemordant
- PCM2E (EA6299) University of Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Bât. J, Parc de Grandmont 37200 Tours France
| | - Alexey Y Koposov
- Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo PO Box 1033 Blindern Oslo N-0315 Norway
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nangir M, Massoudi A, Tayebifard SA. Investigation of the lithium-ion depletion in the silicon-silicon carbide anode/electrolyte interface in lithium-ion battery via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
29
|
Wang K, Tan Y, Li P, Sun J. Scalable 3D porous residual Al-doped Si/SiOx composites for high performance anodes: Coupling effects of porosity, conductive sites and oxide layer. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Hajilari F, Farhadi K, Eskandari H, Allahnouri F. Application of Cu/porous silicon nanocomposite screen printed sensor for the determination of formaldehyde. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
31
|
Zhang DX, Esser L, Vasani RB, Thissen H, Voelcker NH. Porous silicon nanomaterials: recent advances in surface engineering for controlled drug-delivery applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 14:3213-3230. [PMID: 31855121 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous silicon (pSi) nanomaterials are increasingly attractive for biomedical applications due to their promising properties such as simple and feasible fabrication procedures, tunable morphology, versatile surface modification routes, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review focuses on recent advances in surface modification of pSi for controlled drug delivery applications. A range of functionalization strategies and fabrication methods for pSi-polymer hybrids are summarized. Surface engineering solutions such as stimuli-responsive polymer grafting, stealth coatings and active targeting modifications are highlighted as examples to demonstrate what can be achieved. Finally, the current status of engineered pSi nanomaterials for in vivo applications is reviewed and future prospects and challenges in drug-delivery applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Xiang Zhang
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Lars Esser
- Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Roshan B Vasani
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.,Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Su A, Li J, Dong J, Yang D, Chen G, Wei Y. An Amorphous/Crystalline Incorporated Si/SiO x Anode Material Derived from Biomass Corn Leaves for Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001714. [PMID: 32419373 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of silicon (Si) anode materials derived from high silica-containing plants enables effective utilization of subsidiary agricultural products. However, the electrochemical performances of synthesized Si materials still require improvement and thus need further structural design and morphology modifications, which inevitably increase preparation time and economic cost. Here, the conversion of corn leaves into Si anode materials is reported via a simple aluminothermic reduction reaction without other modifications. The obtained Si material inherits the structural characteristics of the natural corn leaf template and has many inherent advantages, such as high porosity, amorphous/crystalline mixture structure, and high-valence SiOx residuals, which significantly enhance the material's structural stability and electrode adhesive strength, resulting in superior electrochemical performances. Rate capability tests show that the material delivers a high capacity of 1200 mA h g-1 at 8 A g-1 current density. After 300 cycles at 0.5 A g-1 , the material maintains a high specific capacity of 2100 mA h g-1 , with nearly 100% capacity retention during long-term cycling. This study provides an economical route for the industrial production of Si anode materials for Lithium-Ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin Engineering Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Di Yang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin Engineering Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin Engineering Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yingjin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin Engineering Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Technology, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zheng D, Choi CH, Zhao X, Sun G. Facile fabrication of sponge-like porous micropillar arrays via an electrochemical process. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10565-10572. [PMID: 32373863 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01518k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A large variety of synthetic methods have been developed for hierarchically porous materials by which the performance of a wide range of applications can be dramatically enhanced. Herein, hierarchically porous micropillar arrays are demonstrated by employing electrochemical etching to silicon micropillars. The approach relies on the steering of current flow through the three-dimensional silicon-electrolyte interface to enable nanopores to grow on the entire surface of the micropillars, simultaneously. The pores grow perpendicular to the surface of the micropillars, whereas the pore diameter and porosity vary depending on the locations of the surfaces. The finite element analysis shows that the spatial variation of the pore diameter and porosity is determined by the distribution of current density. Further, the thickness of the porous layer can be tuned by etching time so that sponge-like porous structures are conveniently obtained by regulating the etching time. In addition to the effect of current density flowing through the etched surfaces, the growth of pores also depends on the crystal orientations of the etched surfaces. The etching results on square micropillar arrays and microgroove arrays show that the growth direction and rate of nanopores inside the microstructure also depend on the exposed crystal planes. The facile characteristics of the fabrication method can serve as an effective route for a wide range of applications of porous materials with enhanced capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyin Zheng
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangyi Sun
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang Y, Zeng J. Recent development and applications of nanomaterials for cancer
immunotherapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2020; 9:367-384. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Immunotherapy, which utilizes the patient’s own immune system to fight against
cancer, further results in durable antitumor responses and reduces metastasis and
recurrence, has become one of the most effective and important cancer therapies along
with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Nanomaterials with the advantages of
large specific surface, delivery function, and controllable surface chemistry are
used to deliver antigens or adjuvants, or both, help to boost immune responses with
the imaging function or just act as adjuvants themselves and modulate tumor
microenvironment (TME). In this review, recent development and applications of
nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy including delivery systems based on
nanomaterials, uniting imaging, self-adjuvants, targeting functions, artificial
antigen presenting cells, and TME modulation are focused and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005 , China
| | - Jinhua Zeng
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005 , China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nzabahimana J, Liu Z, Guo S, Wang L, Hu X. Top-Down Synthesis of Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Mechanical Milling and Etching. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1923-1946. [PMID: 31912988 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) providing high energy and power densities as well as long cycle life are in high demand for various applications. Benefitting from its high theoretical specific charge capacity of ≈4200 mAh g-1 and natural abundance, Si is nowadays considered as one of the most promising anode candidates for high-energy-density LIBs. However, its huge volume change during cycling prevents its widespread commercialization. Si/C-based electrodes, fabricated through top-down mechanical-milling technique and etching, could be particularly promising since they can adequately accommodate the Si volume expansion, buffer the mechanical stress, and ameliorate the interface/surface stability. In this Review, the current progresses in the top-down synthesis of Si/C anode materials for LIBs from inexpensive Si sources via the combination of low-cost, simple, scalable, and efficient ball-milling and etching processes are summarized. Various Si precursors as well as etching routes are highlighted in this Review. This review would be a guide for fabricating high-performance Si-based anodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Nzabahimana
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Songtao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Libin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xianluo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
In Situ Formation of Nanoporous Silicon on a Silicon Wafer via the Magnesiothermic Reduction Reaction (MRR) of Diatomaceous Earth. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040601. [PMID: 32218203 PMCID: PMC7222021 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Successful direct route production of silicon nanostructures from diatomaceous earth (DE) on a single crystalline silicon wafer via the magnesiothermic reduction reaction is reported. The formed porous coating of 6 µm overall thickness contains silicon as the majority phase along with minor traces of Mg, as evident from SEM-EDS and the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) analysis. Raman peaks of silicon at 519 cm-1 and 925 cm-1 were found in both the film and wafer substrate, and significant intensity variation was observed, consistent with the SEM observation of the directly formed silicon nanoflake layer. Microstructural analysis of the flakes reveals the presence of pores and cavities partially retained from the precursor diatomite powder. A considerable reduction in surface reflectivity was observed for the silicon nanoflakes, from 45% for silicon wafer to below 15%. The results open possibilities for producing nanostructured silicon with a vast range of functionalities.
Collapse
|
37
|
Shchur Y, Pavlyuk O, Andrushchak A, Vitusevich S, Kityk A. Porous Si Partially Filled with Water Molecules-Crystal Structure, Energy Bands and Optical Properties from First Principles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020396. [PMID: 32102303 PMCID: PMC7075300 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper reports the results on first-principles investigation of energy band spectrum and optical properties of bulk and nanoporous silicon. We present the evolution of energy band-gap, refractive indices and extinction coefficients going from the bulk Si of cubic symmetry to porous Si with periodically ordered square-shaped pores of 7.34, 11.26 and 15.40 Å width. We consider two natural processes observed in practice, the hydroxylation of Si pores (introduction of OH groups into pores) and the penetration of water molecules into Si pores, as well as their impact on the electronic spectrum and optical properties of Si superstructures. The penetration of OH groups into the pores of the smallest 7.34 Å width causes a disintegration of hydroxyl groups and forms non-bonded protons which might be a reason for proton conductivity of porous Si. The porosity of silicon increases the extinction coefficient, k, in the visible range of the spectrum. The water structuring in pores of various diameters is analysed in detail. By using the bond valence sum approach we demonstrate that the types and geometry of most of hydrogen bonds created within the pores manifest a structural evolution from distorted hydrogen bonds inherent to small pores (∼7 Å) to typical hydrogen bonds observed by us in larger pores (∼15 Å) which are consistent with those observed in a wide database of inorganic crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya. Shchur
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii str., 79011 Lviv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - O. Pavlyuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 6 Kyryla and Mefodia str., 79005 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - A.S. Andrushchak
- Department of Applied Physics and Nanomaterials Science, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 S. Bandery str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - S. Vitusevich
- Institute of Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany;
| | - A.V. Kityk
- Faculty of the Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 17, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Raić M, Mikac L, Marić I, Štefanić G, Škrabić M, Gotić M, Ivanda M. Nanostructured Silicon as Potential Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040891. [PMID: 32079341 PMCID: PMC7070767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial micrometer silicon (Si) powder was investigated as a potential anode material for lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries. The characterization of this powder showed the mean particle size of approx.75.2 nm, BET surface area of 10.6 m2/g and average pore size of 0.56 nm. Its band gap was estimated to 1.35 eV as determined using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. In order to increase the surface area and porosity which is important for Li-ion batteries, the starting Si powder was ball-milled and threatened by metal-assisted chemical etching. The mechanochemical treatment resulted in decrease of the particle size from 75 nm to 29 nm, an increase of the BET surface area and average pore size to 16.7 m2/g and 1.26 nm, respectively, and broadening of the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) lines. The XRD patterns of silver metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) sample showed strong and narrow diffraction lines typical for powder silicon and low-intensity diffraction lines typical for silver. The metal-assisted chemical etching of starting Si material resulted in a decrease of surface area to 7.3 m2/g and an increase of the average pore size to 3.44 nm. These three materials were used as the anode material in lithium-ion cells, and their electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance of the sample prepared by MACE is attributed to increase in pore size, which are large enough for easy lithiation. These are the positive aspects of the application of MACE in the development of an anode material for Li-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matea Raić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.R.); (L.M.); (G.Š.); (M.G.)
- Research Unit New Functional Materials, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lara Mikac
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.R.); (L.M.); (G.Š.); (M.G.)
- Research Unit New Functional Materials, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Marić
- Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Goran Štefanić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.R.); (L.M.); (G.Š.); (M.G.)
- Research Unit New Functional Materials, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Škrabić
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marijan Gotić
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.R.); (L.M.); (G.Š.); (M.G.)
- Research Unit New Functional Materials, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mile Ivanda
- Laboratory for Molecular Physics and Synthesis of New Materials, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.R.); (L.M.); (G.Š.); (M.G.)
- Research Unit New Functional Materials, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-456-0928
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Silicon electrochemistry has the potential to advance sustainable energy solutions by offering environmentally friendly and secure technologies that can contribute to the low-carbon economy. Electrochemical methods use electrons directly as reducing agents, eliminating the need for harmful chemicals and offering simpler, one-step, process control. Silicon itself is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, is nontoxic, and is a robust material offering high efficiencies in solar photovoltaics. As such, silicon currently dominates the solar energy market and could continue to do so for the next few decades. This review summarizes recent achievements in the molten salt electrochemistry of silicon, highlighting subjects of technological significance such as the production of silicon by silica electro-deoxidation, the formation of photoactive layers, silicon electrorefining, and the synthesis of semiconductors as well as nanostructures for energy storage applications. The review highlights future opportunities and challenges such as the production of highly pure silicon, the creation of carbon-free anodes for oxygen production, and silicon electrodeposition from gaseous precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eimutis Juzeliu Nas
- Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology , Saulėtekio Str. 3 , LT-10257 Vilnius , Lithuania.,Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , CB3 0FS Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Derek J Fray
- Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology , Saulėtekio Str. 3 , LT-10257 Vilnius , Lithuania.,Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy , University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road , CB3 0FS Cambridge , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Z, Du Y, Hou G, Ouyang Y, Ding F, Yuan F. Nanoporous silicon spheres preparation via a controllable magnesiothermic reduction as anode for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
41
|
Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang Z, Zhang T, Wei L. In-Fiber Production of Laser-Structured Stress-Mediated Semiconductor Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:45330-45337. [PMID: 31701743 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to generate stressed semiconductor particles is of great importance in the development of tunable semiconductor and photonic devices. However, existing methods including both bottom-up synthesis and top-down fabrication for producing semiconductor particles are inherently free of stress effects. Here, we report a simple approach to generate controllable stress effects on both encapsulated and free-standing semiconductor particles using laser-structured in-fiber materials engineering. The physical mechanism of thermally induced in-fiber built-in stress is investigated, and the feasibility of precisely tuning the stress state during the particle formation is experimentally demonstrated by controlling the laser treatment. Gigapascal-level built-in stress, which is a sufficiently strong stimulus to enable inelastic deformations on the fabricated semiconductor particles, has been achieved via this approach. Both encapsulated and free-standing stressed semiconductor particles are generated for a wide range of in-fiber and out-fiber optoelectronic and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Zhixun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Roland A, Dupuy A, Machon D, Cunin F, Louvain N, Fraisse B, Boucherif A, Monconduit L. In-depth study of annealed porous silicon: Understand the morphological properties effect on negative LiB electrode performance. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
43
|
Phadatare M, Patil R, Blomquist N, Forsberg S, Örtegren J, Hummelgård M, Meshram J, Hernández G, Brandell D, Leifer K, Sathyanath SKM, Olin H. Silicon-Nanographite Aerogel-Based Anodes for High Performance Lithium Ion Batteries. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14621. [PMID: 31601920 PMCID: PMC6787263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase the energy storage density of lithium-ion batteries, silicon anodes have been explored due to their high capacity. One of the main challenges for silicon anodes are large volume variations during the lithiation processes. Recently, several high-performance schemes have been demonstrated with increased life cycles utilizing nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanowires, and thin films. However, a method that allows the large-scale production of silicon anodes remains to be demonstrated. Herein, we address this question by suggesting new scalable nanomaterial-based anodes. Si nanoparticles were grown on nanographite flakes by aerogel fabrication route from Si powder and nanographite mixture using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). This silicon-nanographite aerogel electrode has stable specific capacity even at high current rates and exhibit good cyclic stability. The specific capacity is 455 mAh g−1 for 200th cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 97% at a current density 100 mA g−1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Phadatare
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden. .,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed University), Kolhapur, 416 006, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rohan Patil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden.
| | - Nicklas Blomquist
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
| | - Sven Forsberg
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
| | - Jonas Örtegren
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hummelgård
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
| | - Jagruti Meshram
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed University), Kolhapur, 416 006, Maharashtra, India
| | - Guiomar Hernández
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Brandell
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klaus Leifer
- Electron Microscopy and Nano-Engineering, Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sharath Kumar Manjeshwar Sathyanath
- Electron Microscopy and Nano-Engineering, Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhu J, Guo M, Liu Y, Shi X, Fan F, Gu M, Yang H. In Situ TEM of Phosphorus-Dopant-Induced Nanopore Formation in Delithiated Silicon Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17313-17320. [PMID: 31002223 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Through in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, we report the behaviors of phosphorus (P)-doped silicon nanowires (SiNWs) during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation cycling. Upon lithiation, lithium (Li) insertion causes volume expansion and formation of the crystalline Li15Si4 phase in the P-doped SiNWs. During delithiation, vacancies induced by Li extraction aggregate gradually, leading to the generation of nanopores. The as-formed nanopores can get annihilated with Li reinsertion during the following electrochemical cycle. As demonstrated by our phase-field simulations, such first-time-observed reversible nanopore formation can be attributed to the promoted lithiation/delithiation rate by the P dopant in the SiNWs. Our phase-field simulations further reveal that the delithiation-induced nanoporous structures can be controlled by tuning the electrochemical reaction rate in the SiNWs. The findings of this study shed light on the rational design of high-power performance Si-based anodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Zhu
- Department of Mechanics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Mohan Guo
- Department of Material Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology, & Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices , No. 1088 Xueyuan Blvd , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | - Yuemei Liu
- Department of Mechanics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Xiaobo Shi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology, & Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices , No. 1088 Xueyuan Blvd , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | | | - Meng Gu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology, & Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices , No. 1088 Xueyuan Blvd , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Mechanics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei 430074 , China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pan Q, Zhao J, Xing B, Jiang S, Pang M, Qu W, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Liang W. A hierarchical porous architecture of silicon@TiO2@carbon composite novel anode materials for high performance Li-ion batteries. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03708j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The excellent electrochemical properties are attributed to the synergistic action of hierarchical porous TiO2 and carbon layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
| | - Baoyan Xing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
| | - Shang Jiang
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Mingjun Pang
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Wenshan Qu
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Yichan Zhang
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Institute of Carbon Materials Science
- Shanxi DaTong University
- DaTong
- China
| | - Wei Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan
- China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lee SH, Kang JS, Kim D. A Mini Review: Recent Advances in Surface Modification of Porous Silicon. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E2557. [PMID: 30558344 PMCID: PMC6316318 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Porous silicon has been utilized within a wide spectrum of industries, as well as being used in basic research for engineering and biomedical fields. Recently, surface modification methods have been constantly coming under the spotlight, mostly in regard to maximizing its purpose of use. Within this review, we will introduce porous silicon, the experimentation preparatory methods, the properties of the surface of porous silicon, and both more conventional as well as newly developed surface modification methods that have assisted in attempting to overcome the many drawbacks we see in the existing methods. The main aim of this review is to highlight and give useful insight into improving the properties of porous silicon, and create a focused description of the surface modification methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jae Seung Kang
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Anti-Oxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Khanna L, Lai Y, Dasog M. Systematic evaluation of inorganic salts as a heat sink for the magnesiothermic reduction of silica. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effectivity of a series of inorganic salts, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium bromide as heat sinks during magnesiothermic reduction of silica to porous silicon was investigated. The salts were chosen based on cost, thermal stability, ability to remain chemically inert during the reduction process, and ease of removal after the reaction. The structural integrity of the spherical porous silicon nanoparticles was observed using scanning electron microscopy, the surface area was determined via nitrogen adsorption experiments, and the crystallite size was determined using powder X-ray diffraction analysis; together, these were used to determine the efficacy of each salt. The ability of a salt to act as an effective heat sink was found to be highly correlated and principally dependent on the heat capacity of the salt. Calcium chloride was found to be the most effective heat sink overall among the five heat sinks investigated here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logesh Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
| | - Yiqi Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
| | - Mita Dasog
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS B3J 2J9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ma B, Lu B, Luo J, Deng X, Wu Z, Wang X. The hollow mesoporous silicon nanobox dually encapsulated by SnO2/C as anode material of lithium ion battery. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
49
|
Shen C, Fang X, Ge M, Zhang A, Liu Y, Ma Y, Mecklenburg M, Nie X, Zhou C. Hierarchical Carbon-Coated Ball-Milled Silicon: Synthesis and Applications in Free-Standing Electrodes and High-Voltage Full Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS NANO 2018; 12:6280-6291. [PMID: 29860847 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries have been regarded as one of the most promising energy storage devices, and development of low-cost batteries with high energy density is highly desired so that the cost per watt-hour ($/Wh) can be minimized. In this work, we report using ball-milled low-cost silicon (Si) as the starting material and subsequent carbon coating to produce low-cost hierarchical carbon-coated (HCC) Si. The obtained particles prepared from different Si sources all show excellent cycling performance of over 1000 mAh/g after 1000 cycles. Interestingly, we observed in situ formation of porous Si, and it is well confined in the carbon shell based on postcycling characterization of the hierarchical carbon-coated metallurgical Si (HCC-M-Si) particles. In addition, lightweight and free-standing electrodes consisting of the HCC-M-Si particles and carbon nanofibers were fabricated, which achieved 1015 mAh/g after 100 cycles based on the total mass of the electrodes. Compared with conventional electrodes, the lightweight and free-standing electrodes significantly improve the energy density by 745%. Furthermore, LiCoO2 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathodes were used to pair up with the HCC-M-Si anode to fabricate full cells. With LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as cathode, an energy density up to 547 Wh/kg was achieved by the high-voltage full cell. After 100 cycles, the full cell with a LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode delivers 46% more energy density than that of the full cell with a LiCoO2 cathode. The systematic investigation on low-cost Si anodes together with their applications in lightweight free-standing electrodes and high-voltage full cells will shed light on the development of high-energy Si-based lithium-ion batteries for real applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Shen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Xin Fang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Anyi Zhang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Yihang Liu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Yuqiang Ma
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Matthew Mecklenburg
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Xiao Nie
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Chongwu Zhou
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
González I, Sosa AN, Trejo A, Calvino M, Miranda A, Cruz-Irisson M. Lithium effect on the electronic properties of porous silicon for energy storage applications: a DFT study. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7505-7514. [PMID: 29789836 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00355f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical studies on the effect of Li on the electronic properties of porous silicon are still scarce; these studies could help us in the development of Li-ion batteries of this material which overcomes some limitations that bulk silicon has. In this work, the effect of interstitial and surface Li on the electronic properties of porous Si is studied using the first-principles density functional theory approach and the generalised gradient approximation. The pores are modeled by removing columns of atoms of an otherwise perfect Si crystal, dangling bonds of all surfaces are passivated with H atoms, and then Li is inserted on interstitial positions on the pore wall and compared with the replacement of H atoms with Li. The results show that the interstitial Li creates effects similar to n-type doping where the Fermi level is shifted towards the conduction band with band crossings of the said level thus acquiring metallic characteristics. The surface Li introduces trap-like states in the electronic band structures which increase as the number of Li atom increases with a tendency to become metallic. These results could be important for the application of porous Si nanostructures in Li-ion batteries technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I González
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Seccion de estudios de posgrado e investigación, ESIME Culhuacán, Av. Santa Ana 1000, San Francisco Culhuacán, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|