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Deepak T, Bajhaiya D, Babu AR. Impact of the Different Chemical-Based Decellularization Protocols on the Properties of the Caprine Pericardium. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:279-289. [PMID: 38347340 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to decellularized caprine pericardium tissue with varied non-ionic surfactant and anionic detergent concentrations. METHODS Protocol A consists of 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Protocol B uses 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25% (w/v) Triton X-100. Protocol C comprised 0.5% SDS + 0.5% Triton X-100, 0.5% + 0.25%, and 0.25% SDS + 0.5% Triton X-100. RESULTS Protocol B left a few countable cells in the pericardium tissue, but treatments A and C removed all cells. DNA quantification also demonstrated that protocol B had the most leftover DNA after decellularization. The pericardium tissue treated with an equal combination of anionic detergent and non-ionic surfactant preserves the matrix. However, changing the anionic detergent-non-ionic surfactant ratio disrupted the microstructure. Protocol A decreased pericardium tissue secant modulus (p < 0.05). Protocol B-treated pericardium tissue matched native tissue secant modulus and ultimate tensile stress. Protocol C strengthened pericardium tissue. CONCLUSION The intact extracellular matrix and biomechanical properties like native tissues require optimal chemical doses and combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumalai Deepak
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Deepak Bajhaiya
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Anju R Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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2
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Arbănaşi EM, Russu E, Arbănaşi EM, Ciucanu CC, Mureșan AV, Suzuki S, Chirilă TV. Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Enzymolytic and Biomechanical Profiles of Abdominal Aortic Adventitia Tissue. J Clin Med 2024; 13:633. [PMID: 38276139 PMCID: PMC10817471 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as an increase in aortic diameter by more than 50% and is associated with a high risk of rupture and mortality without treatment. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of aortic adventitial collagen photocrosslinking by UV-A irradiation on the biomechanical profile of the aortic wall. METHODS This experimental study is structured in two parts: the first part includes in vitro uniaxial biomechanical evaluation of porcine adventitial tissue subjected to either short-term elastolysis or long-term collagenolysis in an attempt to duplicate two extreme situations as putative stages of aneurysmal degeneration. In the second part, we included biaxial biomechanical evaluation of in vitro human abdominal aortic adventitia and human AAA adventitia specimens. Biomechanical profiles were examined for porcine and human aortic tissue before and after irradiation with UV-A light (365 nm wavelength). RESULTS On the porcine aortic sample, the enhancing effect of irradiation was evident both on the tissue subjected to elastolysis, which had a high collagen-to-elastin ratio, and on the tissue subjected to prolonged collagenolysis despite being considerably depleted in collagen. Further, the effect of irradiation was conclusively demonstrated in the human adventitia samples, where significant post-irradiation increases in Cauchy stress (longitudinal axis: p = 0.001, circumferential axis: p = 0.004) and Young's modulus (longitudinal axis: p = 0.03, circumferential axis: p = 0.004) were recorded. Moreover, we have a stronger increase in the strengthening of the AAA adventitia samples following the exposure to UV-A irradiation (p = 0.007) and a statistically significant but not very important increase (p = 0.021) regarding the stiffness in the circumferential axis. CONCLUSIONS The favorable effect of UV irradiation on the strength and stiffness of degraded aortic adventitia in experimental situations mimicking early and later stages of aneurysmal degeneration is essential for the development and potential success of procedures to prevent aneurysmal ruptures. The experiments on human normal and aneurysmal adventitial tissue confirmed the validity and potential success of a procedure based on exposure to UV-A radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil-Marian Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures (UMFST), 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (E.-M.A.); (E.-M.A.); (C.C.C.)
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mures County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (CCAMF), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (S.S.); (T.V.C.)
| | - Eliza Russu
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mures County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Eliza-Mihaela Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures (UMFST), 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (E.-M.A.); (E.-M.A.); (C.C.C.)
| | - Constantin Claudiu Ciucanu
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures (UMFST), 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (E.-M.A.); (E.-M.A.); (C.C.C.)
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mures County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Adrian Vasile Mureșan
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mures County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Shuko Suzuki
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (CCAMF), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (S.S.); (T.V.C.)
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Traian V. Chirilă
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research (CCAMF), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania; (S.S.); (T.V.C.)
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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3
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Kucherenko MM, Sang P, Yao J, Gransar T, Dhital S, Grune J, Simmons S, Michalick L, Wulsten D, Thiele M, Shomroni O, Hennig F, Yeter R, Solowjowa N, Salinas G, Duda GN, Falk V, Vyavahare NR, Kuebler WM, Knosalla C. Elastin stabilization prevents impaired biomechanics in human pulmonary arteries and pulmonary hypertension in rats with left heart disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4416. [PMID: 37479718 PMCID: PMC10362055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension worsens outcome in left heart disease. Stiffening of the pulmonary artery may drive this pathology by increasing right ventricular dysfunction and lung vascular remodeling. Here we show increased stiffness of pulmonary arteries from patients with left heart disease that correlates with impaired pulmonary hemodynamics. Extracellular matrix remodeling in the pulmonary arterial wall, manifested by dysregulated genes implicated in elastin degradation, precedes the onset of pulmonary hypertension. The resulting degradation of elastic fibers is paralleled by an accumulation of fibrillar collagens. Pentagalloyl glucose preserves arterial elastic fibers from elastolysis, reduces inflammation and collagen accumulation, improves pulmonary artery biomechanics, and normalizes right ventricular and pulmonary hemodynamics in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Thus, targeting extracellular matrix remodeling may present a therapeutic approach for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya M Kucherenko
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Pengchao Sang
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Juquan Yao
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tara Gransar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saphala Dhital
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Jana Grune
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Hennig
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruhi Yeter
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Solowjowa
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Translational Cardiovascular Technology, LFW C 13.2, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naren R Vyavahare
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King´s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Mariano CA, Sattari S, Ramirez GO, Eskandari M. Effects of tissue degradation by collagenase and elastase on the biaxial mechanics of porcine airways. Respir Res 2023; 24:105. [PMID: 37031200 PMCID: PMC10082978 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common respiratory illnesses, such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are characterized by connective tissue damage and remodeling. Two major fibers govern the mechanics of airway tissue: elastin enables stretch and permits airway recoil, while collagen prevents overextension with stiffer properties. Collagenase and elastase degradation treatments are common avenues for contrasting the role of collagen and elastin in healthy and diseased states; while previous lung studies of collagen and elastin have analyzed parenchymal strips in animal and human specimens, none have focused on the airways to date. METHODS Specimens were extracted from the proximal and distal airways, namely the trachea, large bronchi, and small bronchi to facilitate evaluations of material heterogeneity, and subjected to biaxial planar loading in the circumferential and axial directions to assess airway anisotropy. Next, samples were subjected to collagenase and elastase enzymatic treatment and tensile tests were repeated. Airway tissue mechanical properties pre- and post-treatment were comprehensively characterized via measures of initial and ultimate moduli, strain transitions, maximum stress, hysteresis, energy loss, and viscoelasticity to gain insights regarding the specialized role of individual connective tissue fibers and network interactions. RESULTS Enzymatic treatment demonstrated an increase in airway tissue compliance throughout loading and resulted in at least a 50% decrease in maximum stress overall. Strain transition values led to significant anisotropic manifestation post-treatment, where circumferential tissues transitioned at higher strains compared to axial counterparts. Hysteresis values and energy loss decreased after enzymatic treatment, where hysteresis reduced by almost half of the untreated value. Anisotropic ratios exhibited axially led stiffness at low strains which transitioned to circumferentially led stiffness when subjected to higher strains. Viscoelastic stress relaxation was found to be greater in the circumferential direction for bronchial airway regions compared to axial counterparts. CONCLUSION Targeted fiber treatment resulted in mechanical alterations across the loading range and interactions between elastin and collagen connective tissue networks was observed. Providing novel mechanical characterization of elastase and collagenase treated airways aids our understanding of individual and interconnected fiber roles, ultimately helping to establish a foundation for constructing constitutive models to represent various states and progressions of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal A Mariano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Samaneh Sattari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo O Ramirez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Mona Eskandari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- BREATHE Center, School of Medicine, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
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5
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Giudici A, Spronck B, Wilkinson IB, Khir AW. Tri-layered constitutive modelling unveils functional differences between the pig ascending and lower thoracic aorta. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105752. [PMID: 36893688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The arterial wall's tri-layered macroscopic and layer-specific microscopic structure determine its mechanical properties, which vary at different arterial locations. Combining layer-specific mechanical data and tri-layered modelling, this study aimed to characterise functional differences between the pig ascending (AA) and lower thoracic aorta (LTA). AA and LTA segments were obtained for n=9 pigs. For each location, circumferentially and axially oriented intact wall and isolated layer strips were tested uniaxially and the layer-specific mechanical response modelled using a hyperelastic strain energy function. Then, layer-specific constitutive relations and intact wall mechanical data were combined to develop a tri-layered model of an AA and LTA cylindrical vessel, accounting for the layer-specific residual stresses. AA and LTA behaviours were then characterised for in vivo pressure ranges while stretched axially to in vivo length. The media dominated the AA response, bearing>2/3 of the circumferential load both at physiological (100 mmHg) and hypertensive pressures (160 mmHg). The LTA media bore most of the circumferential load at physiological pressure only (57±7% at 100 mmHg), while adventitia and media load bearings were comparable at 160 mmHg. Furthermore, increased axial elongation affected the media/adventitia load-bearing only at the LTA. The pig AA and LTA presented strong functional differences, likely reflecting their different roles in the circulation. The media-dominated compliant and anisotropic AA stores large amounts of elastic energy in response to both circumferential and axial deformations, which maximises diastolic recoiling function. This function is reduced at the LTA, where the adventitia shields the artery against supra-physiological circumferential and axial loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giudici
- Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - B Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - I B Wilkinson
- Division of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QO, United Kingdom
| | - A W Khir
- Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.
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Giudici A, Li Y, Yasmin, Cleary S, Connolly K, McEniery C, Wilkinson IB, Khir AW. Time-course of the human thoracic aorta ageing process assessed using uniaxial mechanical testing and constitutive modelling. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 134:105339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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The Role of Layer-Specific Residual Stresses in Arterial Mechanics: Analysis via a Novel Modelling Framework. Artery Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s44200-022-00013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe existence of residual stresses in unloaded arteries has long been known. However, their effect is often neglected in experimental studies. Using a recently developed modelling framework, we aimed to investigate the role of residual stresses in the mechanical behaviour of the tri-layered wall of the pig thoracic aorta. The mechanical behaviour of the intact wall and isolated layers of n = 3 pig thoracic aortas was investigated via uniaxial tensile testing. After modelling the layer-specific mechanical data using a hyperelastic strain energy function, the layer-specific deformations in the unloaded vessel were estimated so that the mechanical response of the computationally assembled tri-layered flat wall would match that measured experimentally. Physiological tension–inflation of the cylindrical tri-layered vessel was then simulated, analysing changes in the distribution of stresses in the three layers when neglecting residual stresses. In the tri-layered model with residual stresses, layers exhibited comparable stresses throughout the physiological range of pressure. At 100 mmHg, intimal, medial, and adventitial circumferential load bearings were 16 $$\pm$$
±
3%, 59 $$\pm$$
±
4%, and 25 $$\pm$$
±
2%, respectively. Adventitial stiffening at high pressures produced a shift in load bearing from the media to the adventitia. When neglecting residual stresses, in vivo stresses were highest at the intima and lowest at the adventitia. Consequently, the intimal and adventitial load bearings, 23 $$\pm$$
±
2% and 18 $$\pm$$
±
3% at 100 mmHg, were comparable at all pressures. Residual stresses play a crucial role in arterial mechanics guaranteeing a uniform distribution of stresses through the wall thickness. Neglecting these leads to incorrect interpretation of the layers’ role in arterial mechanics.
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Development of an FEA framework for analysis of subject-specific aortic compliance based on 4D flow MRI. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:154-171. [PMID: 33639309 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a subject-specific in-silico framework in which we uncover the relationship between the spatially varying constituents of the aorta and the non-linear compliance of the vessel during the cardiac cycle uncovered through our MRI investigations. A microstructurally motivated constitutive model is developed, and simulations reveal that internal vessel contractility, due to pre-stretched elastin and actively generated smooth muscle cell stress, must be incorporated, along with collagen strain stiffening, in order to accurately predict the non-linear pressure-area relationship observed in-vivo. Modelling of elastin and smooth muscle cell contractility allows for the identification of the reference vessel configuration at zero-lumen pressure, in addition to accurately predicting high- and low-compliance regimes under a physiological range of pressures. This modelling approach is also shown to capture the key features of elastin digestion and SMC activation experiments. The volume fractions of the constituent components of the aortic material model were computed so that the in-silico pressure-area curves accurately predict the corresponding MRI data at each location. Simulations reveal that collagen and smooth muscle volume fractions increase distally, while elastin volume fraction decreases distally, consistent with reported histological data. Furthermore, the strain at which collagen transitions from low to high stiffness is lower in the abdominal aorta, again supporting the histological finding that collagen waviness is lower distally. The analyses presented in this paper provide new insights into the heterogeneous structure-function relationship that underlies aortic biomechanics. Furthermore, this subject-specific MRI/FEA methodology provides a foundation for personalised in-silico clinical analysis and tailored aortic device development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides a significant advance in in-silico medicine by capturing the structure/function relationship of the subject-specific human aorta presented in our previous MRI analyses. A physiologically based aortic constitutive model is developed, and simulations reveal that internal vessel contractility must be incorporated, along with collagen strain stiffening, to accurately predict the in-vivo non-linear pressure-area relationship. Furthermore, this is the first subject-specific model to predict spatial variation in the volume fractions of aortic wall constituents. Previous studies perform phenomenological hyperelastic curve fits to medical imaging data and ignore the prestress contribution of elastin, collagen, and SMCs and the associated zero-pressure reference state of the vessel. This novel MRI/FEA framework can be used as an in-silico diagnostic tool for the early stage detection of aortic pathologies.
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Giudici A, Wilkinson IB, Khir AW. Review of the Techniques Used for Investigating the Role Elastin and Collagen Play in Arterial Wall Mechanics. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2021; 14:256-269. [PMID: 32746366 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2020.3005448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The arterial wall is characterised by a complex microstructure that impacts the mechanical properties of the vascular tissue. The main components consist of collagen and elastin fibres, proteoglycans, Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) and ground matrix. While VSMCs play a key role in the active mechanical response of arteries, collagen and elastin determine the passive mechanics. Several experimental methods have been designed to investigate the role of these structural proteins in determining the passive mechanics of the arterial wall. Microscopy imaging of load-free or fixed samples provides useful information on the structure-function coupling of the vascular tissue, and mechanical testing provides information on the mechanical role of collagen and elastin networks. However, when these techniques are used separately, they fail to provide a full picture of the arterial micromechanics. More recently, advances in imaging techniques have allowed combining both methods, thus dynamically imaging the sample while loaded in a pseudo-physiological way, and overcoming the limitation of using either of the two methods separately. The present review aims at describing the techniques currently available to researchers for the investigation of the arterial wall micromechanics. This review also aims to elucidate the current understanding of arterial mechanics and identify some research gaps.
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Chatterjee A, Chahare NR, Kondaiah P, Gundiah N. Role of Fiber Orientations in the Mechanics of Bioinspired Fiber-Reinforced Elastomers. Soft Robot 2020; 8:640-650. [PMID: 33170097 DOI: 10.1089/soro.2019.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fiber reinforcement is a crucial attribute of soft-bodied muscular hydrostats that have the ability to undergo large deformations and maintain their posture. Helically wound fibers around the cylindrical worm body help control the tube diameter and length. Geometric considerations show that a fiber winding angle of 54.7°, called the magic angle, results in a maximum enclosed volume. Few studies have combined both experimental and theoretical techniques to explore the effects of fiber winding at varied angles on the large deformation mechanics of fiber-reinforced elastomers (FRE). We fabricated FRE materials in transversely isotropic layouts varying from 0° to 90° using a custom filament winding technique and characterized the nonlinear stress-strain relationships using uniaxial and equibiaxial experiments. We used these data within a continuum mechanical framework to propose a novel constitutive model for incompressible FRE materials with embedded extensible fibers. The model includes individual contributions from the matrix and fibers in addition to coupled terms in strain invariants, I1 and I4. The deviatoric stress components show inversion at fiber orientation angles near the magic angle in the FRE composites. These results are useful in soft robotic applications and in the biomechanics of fiber-reinforced tissues such as the myocardium, arteries, and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Chatterjee
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Nimesh R Chahare
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Namrata Gundiah
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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11
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Concannon J, Hynes N, McMullen M, Smyth E, Moerman K, McHugh PE, Sultan S, Karmonik C, McGarry JP. A Dual-VENC Four-Dimensional Flow MRI Framework for Analysis of Subject-Specific Heterogeneous Nonlinear Vessel Deformation. J Biomech Eng 2020; 142:114502. [PMID: 33006370 DOI: 10.1115/1.4048649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Advancement of subject-specific in silico medicine requires new imaging protocols tailored to specific anatomical features, paired with new constitutive model development based on structure/function relationships. In this study, we develop a new dual-velocity encoding coefficient (VENC) 4D flow MRI protocol that provides unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution of in vivo aortic deformation. All previous dual-VENC 4D flow MRI studies in the literature focus on an isolated segment of the aorta, which fail to capture the full spectrum of aortic heterogeneity that exists along the vessel length. The imaging protocol developed provides high sensitivity to all blood flow velocities throughout the entire cardiac cycle, overcoming the challenge of accurately measuring the highly unsteady nonuniform flow field in the aorta. Cross-sectional area change, volumetric flow rate, and compliance are observed to decrease with distance from the heart, while pulse wave velocity (PWV) is observed to increase. A nonlinear aortic lumen pressure-area relationship is observed throughout the aorta such that a high vessel compliance occurs during diastole, and a low vessel compliance occurs during systole. This suggests that a single value of compliance may not accurately represent vessel behavior during a cardiac cycle in vivo. This high-resolution MRI data provide key information on the spatial variation in nonlinear aortic compliance, which can significantly advance the state-of-the-art of in-silico diagnostic techniques for the human aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Concannon
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - N Hynes
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - M McMullen
- Department of Radiology, Galway Clinic, Doughiska, Galway H91 HHT0, Ireland
| | - E Smyth
- Department of Radiology, Galway Clinic, Doughiska, Galway H91 HHT0, Ireland
| | - K Moerman
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - P E McHugh
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - S Sultan
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - C Karmonik
- MRI Core, Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - J P McGarry
- Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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12
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Butlin M, Tan I, Spronck B, Avolio AP. Measuring Arterial Stiffness in Animal Experimental Studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1068-1077. [PMID: 32268787 PMCID: PMC7176337 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The arterial wall is a composite material of elastin, collagen, and extracellular matrix with acutely modifiable material properties through the action of smooth muscle cells. Therefore, arterial stiffness is a complex parameter that changes not only with long-term remodeling of the wall constituents but also with acute contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle or with changes in the acute distending pressure to which the artery is exposed. It is not possible to test all these aspects using noninvasive or even invasive techniques in humans. Full characterization of the mechanical properties of the artery and the specific arterial factors causing changes to stiffness with disease or modified lifestyle currently require animal studies. This article summarizes the major in vivo and ex vivo techniques to measure the different aspects of arterial stiffness in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Butlin
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia (M.B., I.T., A.P.A.)
| | - Isabella Tan
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia (M.B., I.T., A.P.A.)
| | - Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT (B.S.).,Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (B.S.)
| | - Alberto P Avolio
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia (M.B., I.T., A.P.A.)
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13
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Trabelsi O, Dumas V, Breysse E, Laroche N, Avril S. In vitro histomechanical effects of enzymatic degradation in carotid arteries during inflation tests with pulsatile loading. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 103:103550. [PMID: 32090945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the objective is to assess the histomechanical effects of collagen proteolysis in arteries under loading conditions reproducing in vivo environment. Thirteen segments of common porcine carotid arteries (8 proximal and 5 distal) were immersed in a bath of bacterial collagenase and tested with a pulsatile tension/inflation machine. Diameter, pressure and axial load were monitored throughout the tests and used to derive the stress-stretch curves and to determine the secant circumferential stiffness. Results were analysed separately for proximal and distal segments, before and after 1, 2 and 3 h of enzymatic degradation. A histological analysis was performed to relate the arterial microstructure to its mechanical behavior under collagen proteolysis. Control (before enzymatic degradation) and treated populations (after 1, 2 or 3 h of enzymatic degradation) were found statistically incomparable, and histology confirmed the alteration of the fibrous structure of collagen bundles induced by the collagenase treatment. A decrease of the secant circumferential stiffness of the arterial wall was noticed mostly at the beginning of the treatment, and was less pronounced after 1 h. These results constitute an important set of enzymatically damaged arteries that can be used to validate biomechanical computational models correlating structure and properties of blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Trabelsi
- Mines Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, INSERM, U1059,Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Sorbonne University, University of Technology of Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 BMBI, 60205, Compiègne, France.
| | - Virginie Dumas
- University of Lyon, National School of Engineers of Saint-Etienne, LTDS, UMR 5513 CNRS, 42100, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Edouard Breysse
- Mines Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Norbert Laroche
- University of Lyon, Jean Monnet University, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Stephane Avril
- Mines Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
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14
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Clark GL, Pokutta-Paskaleva AP, Lawrence DJ, Lindsey SH, Desrosiers L, Knoepp LR, Bayer CL, Gleason RL, Miller KS. Smooth muscle regional contribution to vaginal wall function. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20190025. [PMID: 31263538 PMCID: PMC6597518 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse is characterized as the descent of the pelvic organs into the vaginal canal. In the USA, there is a 12% lifetime risk for requiring surgical intervention. Although vaginal childbirth is a well-established risk factor for prolapse, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Decreased smooth muscle organization, composition and maximum muscle tone are characteristics of prolapsed vaginal tissue. Maximum muscle tone of the vaginal wall was previously investigated in the circumferential or axial direction under uniaxial loading; however, the vaginal wall is subjected to multiaxial loads. Further, the contribution of vaginal smooth muscle basal (resting) tone to mechanical function remains undetermined. The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of smooth muscle basal and maximum tone to the regional biaxial mechanical behaviour of the murine vagina. Vaginal tissue from C57BL/6 mice was subjected to extension-inflation protocols (n = 10) with and without basal smooth muscle tone. Maximum tone was induced with KCl under various circumferential (n = 5) and axial (n = 5) loading conditions. The microstructure was visualized with multiphoton microscopy (n = 1), multiaxial histology (n = 4) and multiaxial immunohistochemistry (n = 4). Smooth muscle basal tone decreased material stiffness and increased anisotropy. In addition, maximum vaginal tone was decreased with increasing intraluminal pressures. This study demonstrated that vaginal muscle tone contributed to the biaxial mechanical response of murine vaginal tissue. This may be important in further elucidating the underlying mechanisms of prolapse, in order to improve current preventative and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle L. Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Anastassia P. Pokutta-Paskaleva
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Dylan J. Lawrence
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Laurephile Desrosiers
- Department of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Queensland Ochsner Clinical School, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
| | - Leise R. Knoepp
- Department of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Queensland Ochsner Clinical School, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
| | - Carolyn L. Bayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Rudolph L. Gleason
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Kristin S. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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15
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Biomechanical Restoration Potential of Pentagalloyl Glucose after Arterial Extracellular Matrix Degeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6030058. [PMID: 31277241 PMCID: PMC6783915 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to quantify pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) mediated biomechanical restoration of degenerated extracellular matrix (ECM). Planar biaxial tensile testing was performed for native (N), enzyme-treated (collagenase and elastase) (E), and PGG (P) treated porcine abdominal aorta specimens (n = 6 per group). An Ogden material model was fitted to the stress-strain data and finite element computational analyses of simulated native aorta and aneurysmal abdominal aorta were performed. The maximum tensile stress of the N group was higher than that in both E and P groups for both circumferential (43.78 ± 14.18 kPa vs. 10.03 ± 2.68 kPa vs. 13.85 ± 3.02 kPa; p = 0.0226) and longitudinal directions (33.89 ± 8.98 kPa vs. 9.04 ± 2.68 kPa vs. 14.69 ± 5.88 kPa; p = 0.0441). Tensile moduli in the circumferential direction was found to be in descending order as N > P > E (195.6 ± 58.72 kPa > 81.8 ± 22.76 kPa > 46.51 ± 15.04 kPa; p = 0.0314), whereas no significant differences were found in the longitudinal direction (p = 0.1607). PGG binds to the hydrophobic core of arterial tissues and the crosslinking of ECM fibers is one of the possible explanations for the recovery of biomechanical properties observed in this study. PGG is a beneficial polyphenol that can be potentially translated to clinical practice for preventing rupture of the aneurysmal arterial wall.
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16
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Akintunde A, Robison KM, Capone D, Desrosiers L, Knoepp LR, Miller KS. Effects of elastase digestion on the murine vaginal wall biaxial mechanical response. J Biomech Eng 2018; 141:2716276. [PMID: 30453317 DOI: 10.1115/1.4042014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although the underlying mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) remain unknown, disruption of elastic fiber metabolism within the vaginal wall extracellular matrix has been highly implicated. It has been hypothesized that elastic fiber fragmentation correlates to decreased structural integrity and increased risk of prolapse; however, the mechanisms by which elastic fiber damage may contribute to prolapse are poorly understood. Further, the role of elastic fibers in normal vaginal wall mechanics has not been fully ascertained. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of elastic fibers to murine vaginal wall mechanics. Vaginal tissue from C57BL/6 female mice were mechanically tested using biaxial extension-inflation protocols before and after intraluminal exposure to elastase. Elastase digestion induced marked changes in the vaginal geometry, and biaxial mechanical properties, suggesting that elastic fibers may play an important role in vaginal wall mechanical function. Additionally, a constitutive model that considered two diagonal families of collagen fibers with a slight preference towards the circumferential direction described the data reasonably well before and after digestion. The present findings may be important to determine the underlying structural and mechanical mechanisms of POP, and aid in the development of growth and remodeling models for improved assessment and prediction of changes in structure-function relationships with prolapse development. Keywords: vaginal wall, women's health, mechanical testing, pelvic floor disorders, elastic fibers Disclosures: none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinjide Akintunde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lindy Boggs Center Suite 500, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
| | - Kathryn M Robison
- ASME Member, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lindy Boggs Center Suite 500, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
| | - Daniel Capone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lindy Boggs Center Suite 500, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
| | - Laurephile Desrosiers
- Department of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, UQ Ochsner Clinical School, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121
| | - Leise R Knoepp
- Department of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, UQ Ochsner Clinical School, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121
| | - Kristin S Miller
- ASME Member, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lindy Boggs Center Suite 500, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
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17
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Topol H, Gou K, Demirkoparan H, Pence TJ. Hyperelastic modeling of the combined effects of tissue swelling and deformation-related collagen renewal in fibrous soft tissue. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 17:1543-1567. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Simulation of arterial dissection by a penetrating external body using cohesive zone modelling. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 71:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Chen Q, Wang Y, Li ZY. Re-examination of the mechanical anisotropy of porcine thoracic aorta by uniaxial tensile tests. Biomed Eng Online 2016; 15:167. [PMID: 28155705 PMCID: PMC5259859 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Considering past studies on the orthotropic anisotropy of arteries in the circumferential and axial directions, this work aims to experimentally study the anisotropic behaviour of arteries by tensioning multi-directional strips of porcine thoracic aorta. Methods Histology is first analyzed by staining arterial sections of three orthotropic (axial, circumferential, and radial) planes. 168 stripped samples from 21 aortas are categorized into three loading-rate groups to investigate the influence of loading rates on the Young’s modulus and ultimate stress. Basing on the Young’s modulus and ultimate stress, the degree of anisotropy is calculated. Moreover, 24 stripped samples from 3 aortas are tested to study the relaxation anisotropy of arteries by fitting the experimental data with a five-parameter Maxwell reduced relaxation function. Results Histological analysis shows the parallel orientation of crimpled collagen and elastin fibres. The Young’s modulus and ultimate stress reach the greatest in the circumferential direction, and the smallest in the axial direction, respectively, and the values in the other directions are in-between; moreover, the two parameters monotonously increase as the samples orientate from the axial to circumferential directions. The Young’s modulus is more sensitive to the loading rate than the ultimate stress. The degree of anisotropy calculated by the Young's modulus is similar to that by the ultimate stress, and it is independent of loading rates. Stress-relaxation also exhibits anisotropy, whose variation is consistent with those of the two parameters. Conclusions Due to the stress-growth rule, fibre preferably orientates in the circumferential direction, and the preferable orientation results in great mechanical parameters, anisotropy, and small relaxation behaviour of arteries. The work extends the studies on the arterial anisotropy instead of only the circumferential and axial directions, and could be useful to comprehensively understand the anisotropy of arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Li
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China. .,School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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20
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Controlled peel testing of a model tissue for diseased aorta. J Biomech 2016; 49:3667-3675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Noble C, Smulders N, Green NH, Lewis R, Carré MJ, Franklin SE, MacNeil S, Taylor ZA. Creating a model of diseased artery damage and failure from healthy porcine aorta. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 60:378-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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22
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Tonar Z, Kubíková T, Prior C, Demjén E, Liška V, Králíčková M, Witter K. Segmental and age differences in the elastin network, collagen, and smooth muscle phenotype in the tunica media of the porcine aorta. Ann Anat 2015; 201:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Dương MT, Nguyễn NH, Trần TN, Tolba R, Staat M. Influence of refrigerated storage on tensile mechanical properties of porcine liver and spleen. Int Biomech 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/23335432.2015.1049295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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24
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LI LIN, HUA LIN, ZHANG HAIXIA, LIU ZHICHENG. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PULMONARY ARTERIAL AND AORTIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES. J MECH MED BIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519415500190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the differences of mechanical responses between pulmonary artery and aorta to different biaxial loading conditions, we simulated the process of human pulmonary artery and aorta subjected to biaxial loading based on four-family fiber strain density function model determined from uniaxial extension data of arterial walls. It was shown that different stress–strain curves of pulmonary artery and aorta under biaxial loading conditions: different loading ratios between the loads in two perpendicular directions and displacement-controlled equibiaxial stretch. Tissue stiffness, defined as the first derivative of the stress–strain response at a strain point, of human pulmonary artery and aorta were obtained when they were subjected to biaxial loads (systemic pressure). The two-dimensional mechanical response of artery can be acquired by determination of the four-family fiber strain density function model of the tissue based on uniaxial extensile data. There are differences between material properties of pulmonary artery and aorta: aorta is stiffer circumferentially than longitudinally, and pulmonary artery is more compliant circumferentially than longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- LIN LI
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - LIN HUA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - HAIXIA ZHANG
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - ZHICHENG LIU
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
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25
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Schriefl AJ, Schmidt T, Balzani D, Sommer G, Holzapfel GA. Selective enzymatic removal of elastin and collagen from human abdominal aortas: uniaxial mechanical response and constitutive modeling. Acta Biomater 2015; 17:125-36. [PMID: 25623592 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to selectively remove the structurally most relevant components of arterial wall tissues such as collagen and elastin enables ex vivo biomechanical testing of the remaining tissues, with the aim of assessing their individual mechanical contributions. Resulting passive material parameters can be utilized in mathematical models of the cardiovascular system. Using eighteen wall specimens from non-atherosclerotic human abdominal aortas (55 ± 11 years; 9 female, 9 male), we tested enzymatic approaches for the selective digestion of collagen and elastin, focusing on their application to human abdominal aortic wall tissues from different patients with varying sample morphologies. The study resulted in an improved protocol for elastin removal, showing how the enzymatic process is affected by inadequate addition of trypsin inhibitor. We applied the resulting protocol to circumferential and axial specimens from the media and the adventitia, and performed cyclic uniaxial extension tests in the physiological and supra-physiological loading domain. The collagenase-treated samples showed a (linear) response without distinct softening behavior, while the elastase-treated samples exhibited a nonlinear, anisotropic response with pronounced remanent deformations (continuous softening), presumably caused by some sliding of collagen fibers within the damaged regions of the collagen network. In addition, our data showed that the stiffness in the initial linear stress-stretch regime at low loads is lower in elastin-free tissue compared to control samples (i.e. collagen uncrimping requires less force than the stretching of elastin), experimentally confirming that elastin is responsible for the initial stiffness in elastic arteries. Utilizing a continuum mechanical description to mathematically capture the experimental results we concluded that the inclusion of a damage model for the non-collagenous matrix material is, in general, not necessary. To model the softening behavior, continuous damage was included in the fibers by adding a damage variable which led to remanent strains through the consideration of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Mechanics, Germany
| | - Daniel Balzani
- Dresden University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sommer
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biomechanics, Austria
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