1
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Gongora AE, Friedman C, Newton DK, Yee TD, Doorenbos Z, Giera B, Duoss EB, Han TYJ, Sullivan K, Rodriguez JN. Accelerating the design of lattice structures using machine learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13703. [PMID: 38871775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Lattices remain an attractive class of structures due to their design versatility; however, rapidly designing lattice structures with tailored or optimal mechanical properties remains a significant challenge. With each added design variable, the design space quickly becomes intractable. To address this challenge, research efforts have sought to combine computational approaches with machine learning (ML)-based approaches to reduce the computational cost of the design process and accelerate mechanical design. While these efforts have made substantial progress, significant challenges remain in (1) building and interpreting the ML-based surrogate models and (2) iteratively and efficiently curating training datasets for optimization tasks. Here, we address the first challenge by combining ML-based surrogate modeling and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) analysis to interpret the impact of each design variable. We find that our ML-based surrogate models achieve excellent prediction capabilities (R2 > 0.95) and SHAP values aid in uncovering design variables influencing performance. We address the second challenge by utilizing active learning-based methods, such as Bayesian optimization, to explore the design space and report a 5 × reduction in simulations relative to grid-based search. Collectively, these results underscore the value of building intelligent design systems that leverage ML-based methods for uncovering key design variables and accelerating design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldair E Gongora
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.
| | - Caleb Friedman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Deirdre K Newton
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Timothy D Yee
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Zachary Doorenbos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Brian Giera
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Eric B Duoss
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Thomas Y-J Han
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Kyle Sullivan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jennifer N Rodriguez
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
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2
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Chen L, Wang B, Zhang W, Zheng S, Chen Z, Zhang M, Dong C, Pan F, Li S. Crystal Structure Assignment for Unknown Compounds from X-ray Diffraction Patterns with Deep Learning. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8098-8109. [PMID: 38477574 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Determining the structures of previously unseen compounds from experimental characterizations is a crucial part of materials science. It requires a step of searching for the structure type that conforms to the lattice of the unknown compound, which enables the pattern matching process for characterization data, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. However, this procedure typically places a high demand on domain expertise, thus creating an obstacle for computer-driven automation. Here, we address this challenge by leveraging a deep-learning model composed of a union of convolutional residual neural networks. The accuracy of the model is demonstrated on a dataset of over 60,000 different compounds for 100 structure types, and additional categories can be integrated without the need to retrain the existing networks. We also unravel the operation of the deep-learning black box and highlight the way in which the resemblance between the unknown compound and a structure type is quantified based on both local and global characteristics in XRD patterns. This computational tool opens new avenues for automating structure analysis on materials unearthed in high-throughput experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxu Wang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shisheng Zheng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhefeng Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzheng Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Dong
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunning Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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3
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Pallikara I, Skelton JM. Towards the high-throughput prediction of finite-temperature properties using the quasi-harmonic approximation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:205501. [PMID: 38157557 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad19a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lattice dynamics calculations within the quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA) provide an infrastructure for modelling the finite-temperature properties of periodic solids at a modest computational cost. With the recent widespread interest in materials discovery by data mining, a database of computed finite-temperature properties would be highly desirable. In this work we provide a first step toward this goal with a comparative study of the accuracy of five exchange-correlation functionals, spanning the local density approximation (LDA), generalised-gradient approximation (GGA) and meta-GGA levels of theory, for predicting the properties of ten Group 1, 2 and 12 binary metal oxides. We find that the predictions are bounded by the LDA, which tends to underestimate lattice parameters and cell volumes relative to experiments, but yields the most accurate results for bulk moduli, expansion coefficients and Grüneisen parameters, and the PBE GGA, which shows the opposite behaviour. The PBEsol GGA gives the best overall predictions of the lattice parameters and volumes whilst also giving relatively reliable results for other properties. Our results demonstrate that, given a suitable choice of functional, a variety of finite-temperature properties can be predicted with useful accuracy, and hence that high-throughout QHA calculations are technically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Pallikara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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4
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Rom CL, Novick A, McDermott MJ, Yakovenko AA, Gallawa JR, Tran GT, Asebiah DC, Storck EN, McBride BC, Miller RC, Prieto AL, Persson KA, Toberer E, Stevanović V, Zakutayev A, Neilson JR. Mechanistically Guided Materials Chemistry: Synthesis of Ternary Nitrides, CaZrN 2 and CaHfN 2. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4001-4012. [PMID: 38291812 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent computational studies have predicted many new ternary nitrides, revealing synthetic opportunities in this underexplored phase space. However, synthesizing new ternary nitrides is difficult, in part because intermediate and product phases often have high cohesive energies that inhibit diffusion. Here, we report the synthesis of two new phases, calcium zirconium nitride (CaZrN2) and calcium hafnium nitride (CaHfN2), by solid state metathesis reactions between Ca3N2 and MCl4 (M = Zr, Hf). Although the reaction nominally proceeds to the target phases in a 1:1 ratio of the precursors via Ca3N2 + MCl4 → CaMN2 + 2 CaCl2, reactions prepared this way result in Ca-poor materials (CaxM2-xN2, x < 1). A small excess of Ca3N2 (ca. 20 mol %) is needed to yield stoichiometric CaMN2, as confirmed by high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies reveal that nominally stoichiometric reactions produce Zr3+ intermediates early in the reaction pathway, and the excess Ca3N2 is needed to reoxidize Zr3+ intermediates back to the Zr4+ oxidation state of CaZrN2. Analysis of computationally derived chemical potential diagrams rationalizes this synthetic approach and its contrast from the synthesis of MgZrN2. These findings additionally highlight the utility of in situ diffraction studies and computational thermochemistry to provide mechanistic guidance for synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Rom
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
- Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andrew Novick
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Matthew J McDermott
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrey A Yakovenko
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jessica R Gallawa
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Gia Thinh Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Dominic C Asebiah
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Emily N Storck
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Brennan C McBride
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Rebecca C Miller
- Analytical Resources Core, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Amy L Prieto
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Kristin A Persson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eric Toberer
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Vladan Stevanović
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andriy Zakutayev
- Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - James R Neilson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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5
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Zhang S, Ma J, Dong S, Cui G. Designing All-Solid-State Batteries by Theoretical Computation: A Review. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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6
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Righetto M, Wang Y, Elmestekawy KA, Xia CQ, Johnston MB, Konstantatos G, Herz LM. Cation-Disorder Engineering Promotes Efficient Charge-Carrier Transport in AgBiS 2 Nanocrystal Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305009. [PMID: 37670455 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient charge-carrier transport is critical to the success of emergent semiconductors in photovoltaic applications. So far, disorder has been considered detrimental for charge-carrier transport, lowering mobilities, and causing fast recombination. This work demonstrates that, when properly engineered, cation disorder in a multinary chalcogenide semiconductor can considerably enhance the charge-carrier mobility and extend the charge-carrier lifetime. Here, the properties of AgBiS2 nanocrystals (NCs) are explored as a function of Ag and Bi cation-ordering, which can be modified via thermal-annealing. Local Ag-rich and Bi-rich domains formed during hot-injection synthesis are transformed to induce homogeneous disorder (random Ag-Bi distribution). Such cation-disorder engineering results in a sixfold increase in the charge-carrier mobility, reaching ≈2.7 cm2 V-1 s-1 in AgBiS2 NC thin films. It is further demonstrated that homogeneous cation disorder reduces charge-carrier localization, a hallmark of charge-carrier transport recently observed in silver-bismuth semiconductors. This work proposes that cation-disorder engineering flattens the disordered electronic landscape, removing tail states that would otherwise exacerbate Anderson localization of small polaronic states. Together, these findings unravel how cation-disorder engineering in multinary semiconductors can enhance the efficiency of renewable energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Righetto
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Yongjie Wang
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, 08860, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karim A Elmestekawy
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Chelsea Q Xia
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Michael B Johnston
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Gerasimos Konstantatos
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, 08860, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudia Avançats, Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Laura M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, D-85748, Garching, Germany
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7
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Monteiro FF, Giozza WF, Júnior RTDS, de Oliveira Neto PH, Júnior LAR, Júnior MLP. On the mechanical, electronic, and optical properties of the boron nitride analog for the recently synthesized biphenylene network: a DFT study. J Mol Model 2023; 29:215. [PMID: 37347316 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recently, a new 2D carbon allotrope named biphenylene network (BPN) was experimentally realized. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study its boron nitride analogue sheet's structural, electronic, and optical properties (BN-BPN). Results suggest that BN-BPN has good structural and dynamic stabilities. It also has a direct bandgap of 4.5 eV and significant optical activity in the ultraviolet range. BN-BPN Young's modulus varies between 234.4[Formula: see text]273.2 GPa depending on the strain direction. METHODS Density functional theory (DFT) simulations for the electronic and optical properties of BN-BPN were performed using the CASTEP package within the Biovia Materials Studio software. The exchange and correlation functions are treated within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) as parameterized by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) and the hybrid functional Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE06). For convenience, the mechanical properties were carried out using the DFT approach implemented in the SIESTA code, also within the scope of the GGA/PBE method. We used the double-zeta plus polarization (DZP) for the basis set in these cases. Moreover, the norm-conserving Troullier-Martins pseudopotential was employed to describe the core electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Monteiro
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - W F Giozza
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - R T de Sousa Júnior
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | - M L Pereira Júnior
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
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8
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Nguyen PC, Nguyen YT, Choi JB, Seshadri PK, Udaykumar HS, Baek SS. PARC: Physics-aware recurrent convolutional neural networks to assimilate meso scale reactive mechanics of energetic materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6868. [PMID: 37115927 PMCID: PMC10146890 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The thermo-mechanical response of shock-initiated energetic materials (EMs) is highly influenced by their microstructures, presenting an opportunity to engineer EM microstructures in a "materials-by-design" framework. However, the current design practice is limited, as a large ensemble of simulations is required to construct the complex EM structure-property-performance linkages. We present the physics-aware recurrent convolutional (PARC) neural network, a deep learning algorithm capable of learning the mesoscale thermo-mechanics of EM from a modest number of high-resolution direct numerical simulations (DNS). Validation results demonstrated that PARC could predict the themo-mechanical response of shocked EMs with comparable accuracy to DNS but with notably less computation time. The physics-awareness of PARC enhances its modeling capabilities and generalizability, especially when challenged in unseen prediction scenarios. We also demonstrate that visualizing the artificial neurons at PARC can shed light on important aspects of EM thermos-mechanics and provide an additional lens for conceptualizing EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong C. H. Nguyen
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Yen-Thi Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Joseph B. Choi
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Seshadri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - H. S. Udaykumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Corresponding author. (H.S.U.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Stephen S. Baek
- School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Corresponding author. (H.S.U.); (S.S.B.)
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9
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Anstine D, Isayev O. Generative Models as an Emerging Paradigm in the Chemical Sciences. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8736-8750. [PMID: 37052978 PMCID: PMC10141264 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional computational approaches to design chemical species are limited by the need to compute properties for a vast number of candidates, e.g., by discriminative modeling. Therefore, inverse design methods aim to start from the desired property and optimize a corresponding chemical structure. From a machine learning viewpoint, the inverse design problem can be addressed through so-called generative modeling. Mathematically, discriminative models are defined by learning the probability distribution function of properties given the molecular or material structure. In contrast, a generative model seeks to exploit the joint probability of a chemical species with target characteristics. The overarching idea of generative modeling is to implement a system that produces novel compounds that are expected to have a desired set of chemical features, effectively sidestepping issues found in the forward design process. In this contribution, we overview and critically analyze popular generative algorithms like generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, flow, and diffusion models. We highlight key differences between each of the models, provide insights into recent success stories, and discuss outstanding challenges for realizing generative modeling discovered solutions in chemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan
M. Anstine
- Department
of Chemistry, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Olexandr Isayev
- Department
of Chemistry, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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10
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Zhu R, Tian SIP, Ren Z, Li J, Buonassisi T, Hippalgaonkar K. Predicting Synthesizability using Machine Learning on Databases of Existing Inorganic Materials. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:8210-8218. [PMID: 36910925 PMCID: PMC9996807 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Defining the metric for synthesizability and predicting new compounds that can be experimentally realized in the realm of data-driven research is a pressing problem in contemporary materials science. The increasing computational power and advancements in machine learning (ML) algorithms provide a new avenue to solve the synthesizability challenge. In this work, using the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) and the Materials Project (MP) database, we represent crystal structures in Fourier-transformed crystal properties (FTCP) representation and use a deep learning model to predict synthesizability in the form of a synthesizability score (SC). Such an SC model, as a synthesizability filter for new materials, enables an efficient and accurate classification to identify promising material candidates. The SC prediction model achieved 82.6/80.6% (precision/recall) overall accuracy in predicting ternary crystal materials. We also trained the SC model by only considering compounds uploaded on the MP before 2015 as the training set and testing on multiple sets of materials uploaded after 2015. In the post-2019 test set, we obtain a high 88.60% true positive rate accuracy, coupled with 9.81% precision, indicating that newly added materials remain unexplored and have high synthesis potential. Further, we provide a list of 100 materials predicted to be synthesizable from this post-2019 dataset (highest SC) for future studies, and our SC model, as a validation filter, is beneficial for future material screening and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Zhu
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency
for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Siyu Isaac Parker Tian
- Low
Energy Electronic Systems (LEES), Singapore-MIT
Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Zekun Ren
- Low
Energy Electronic Systems (LEES), Singapore-MIT
Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Xinterra
Pte Ltd., 77 Robinson
Road, Singapore 068896, Singapore
| | - Jiali Li
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Tonio Buonassisi
- Low
Energy Electronic Systems (LEES), Singapore-MIT
Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Singapore 138602, Singapore
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Kedar Hippalgaonkar
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency
for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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11
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Discovery of chalcogenides structures and compositions using mixed fluxes. Nature 2022; 612:72-77. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Tarasova N, Bedarkova A, Animitsa I. Proton Transport in the Gadolinium-Doped Layered Perovskite BaLaInO 4. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7351. [PMID: 36295414 PMCID: PMC9610757 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Materials capable for use in energy generation have been actively investigated recently. Thermoelectrics, photovoltaics and electronic/ionic conductors are considered as a part of the modern energy system. Layered perovskites have many attractions, as materials with high conductivity. Gadolinium-doped layered perovskite BaLaInO4 was obtained and investigated for the first time. The high values of conductivity were proved. The composition BaLa0.9Gd0.1InO4 demonstrates predominantly protonic transport under wet air and low temperatures (<400 °C). The doping by rare earth metals of layered perovskite is a prospective method for significantly improving conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Tarasova
- The Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620660 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Hydrogen Energy, Ural Federal University, 620000 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Bedarkova
- The Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620660 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Hydrogen Energy, Ural Federal University, 620000 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Irina Animitsa
- The Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620660 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Hydrogen Energy, Ural Federal University, 620000 Yekaterinburg, Russia
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13
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Huang S, Cole JM. BatteryDataExtractor: battery-aware text-mining software embedded with BERT models. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11487-11495. [PMID: 36348711 PMCID: PMC9627715 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04322j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the massive growth of scientific publications, literature mining is becoming increasingly popular for researchers to thoroughly explore scientific text and extract such data to create new databases or augment existing databases. Efforts in literature-mining software design and implementation have improved text-mining productivity, but most of the toolkits that mine text are based on traditional machine-learning-algorithms which hinder the performance of downstream text-mining tasks. Natural-language processing (NLP) and text-mining technologies have seen a rapid development since the release of transformer models, such as bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT). Upgrading rule-based or machine-learning-based literature-mining toolkits by embedding transformer models into the software is therefore likely to improve their text-mining performance. To this end, we release a Python-based literature-mining toolkit for the field of battery materials, BatteryDataExtractor, which involves the embedding of BatteryBERT models in its automated data-extraction pipeline. This pipeline employs BERT models for token-classification tasks, such as abbreviation detection, part-of-speech tagging, and chemical-named-entity recognition, as well as new double-turn question-answering data-extraction models for auto-generating repositories of inter-related material and property data as well as general information. We demonstrate that BatteryDataExtractor exhibits state-of-the-art performance on the evaluation data sets for both token classification and automated data extraction. To aid the use of BatteryDataExtractor, its code is provided as open-source software, with associated documentation to serve as a user guide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Huang
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Jacqueline M Cole
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX UK
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14
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Jafar M, Gupta SK, Sudarshan K, Tyagi A. Compositional variation in Gd2Zr2-xHfxO7:Eu3+ pyrochlore by modulating Zr/Hf ratio and their immediate impact on luminescence properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Lu J, Jiang H, Yan Y, Zhu Z, Zheng F, Sun Q. High-Throughput Preparation of Supramolecular Nanostructures on Metal Surfaces. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13160-13167. [PMID: 35862580 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the contemporary challenges in materials science lies in the rapid materials screening and discovery. Experimental sample libraries can be generated by high-throughput parallel synthesis to map the composition space for rapid material discoveries. Molecular self-assembly on surfaces has proved a useful way to construct nanostructures with interesting topologies or properties. Despite the strong dependence of molecular stoichiometry on the structures, high-throughput preparations of supramolecular surface nanostructures have been far less explored. Here, by integrating a physical mask into the standard ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) molecular preparation system we show a high-throughput approach for preparing supramolecular nanostructures of continuous composition spreads on metal surfaces. The spatially addressable sample libraries of supramolecular self-assemblies are characterized by high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. We could explore different binary nanostructures of varying molecular ratios on one single substrate. Moreover, we use the minimum spanning tree approach to qualitatively and quantitatively study the structural properties of the formed nanostructures. This high-throughput approach may accelerate the screening and exploration of surface-supported, low-dimensional nanostructures not limited to supramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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16
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Sorkin V, Yu ZG, Chen S, Tan TL, Aitken ZH, Zhang YW. A first-principles-based high fidelity, high throughput approach for the design of high entropy alloys. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11894. [PMID: 35831390 PMCID: PMC9279411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16082-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a preselected small set of ordered structures (PSSOS) method, a first principles-based high fidelity (HF), high throughput (HT) approach, for fast screening of the large composition space of high entropy alloys (HEAs) to select the most energetically stable, single-phase HEAs. Taking quinary AlCoCrFeNi HEA as an example system, we performed PSSOS calculations on the formation energies and mass densities of 8801 compositions in both FCC and BCC lattices and selected five most stable FCC and BCC HEAs for detailed analysis. The calculation results from the PSSOS approach were compared with existing experimental and first-principles data, and the good agreement was achieved. We also compared the PSSOS with the special quasi-random structures (SQS) method, and found that with a comparable accuracy, the PSSOS significantly outperforms the SQS in efficiency, making it ideal for HF, HT calculations of HEAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sorkin
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.
| | - Z G Yu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - S Chen
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Teck L Tan
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Z H Aitken
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Y W Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.
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17
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Fernandez A, Acharya M, Lee HG, Schimpf J, Jiang Y, Lou D, Tian Z, Martin LW. Thin-Film Ferroelectrics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108841. [PMID: 35353395 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, the study of ferroelectric oxides has been revolutionized by the implementation of epitaxial-thin-film-based studies, which have driven many advances in the understanding of ferroelectric physics and the realization of novel polar structures and functionalities. New questions have motivated the development of advanced synthesis, characterization, and simulations of epitaxial thin films and, in turn, have provided new insights and applications across the micro-, meso-, and macroscopic length scales. This review traces the evolution of ferroelectric thin-film research through the early days developing understanding of the roles of size and strain on ferroelectrics to the present day, where such understanding is used to create complex hierarchical domain structures, novel polar topologies, and controlled chemical and defect profiles. The extension of epitaxial techniques, coupled with advances in high-throughput simulations, now stands to accelerate the discovery and study of new ferroelectric materials. Coming hand-in-hand with these new materials is new understanding and control of ferroelectric functionalities. Today, researchers are actively working to apply these lessons in a number of applications, including novel memory and logic architectures, as well as a host of energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Fernandez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Megha Acharya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Han-Gyeol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jesse Schimpf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yizhe Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Djamila Lou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zishen Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lane W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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18
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Beard EJ, Cole JM. Perovskite- and Dye-Sensitized Solar-Cell Device Databases Auto-generated Using ChemDataExtractor. Sci Data 2022; 9:329. [PMID: 35715446 PMCID: PMC9205998 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01355-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of scientific publications reporting cutting-edge third-generation photovoltaic devices is increasing rapidly, owing to the pressing need to develop renewable-energy technologies that address the climate-change crisis. Consequently, the field could benefit from a central repository where photovoltaic-performance metrics, such as the power-conversion efficiency (η) are recorded. We present two automatically generated databases that contain photovoltaic properties and device material data for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs), totalling 660,881 data entries representing 57,678 photovoltaic devices. The databases were generated by applying the text-mining toolkit ChemDataExtractor on a corpus of 25,720 articles. A multi-faceted evaluation, incorporating manual and automatic methods, was applied to ensure that the data contained therein were of the highest quality, with precision metrics ranging from 73.1% to 95.8%. The DSC database contains 475,045 entries representing 41,680 devices, and the PSC database contains 185,836 entries representing 15,818 devices. The databases are available in MongoDB and JSON formats, which can be queried in Python, R, Java and MATLAB for data-driven photovoltaic materials discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Beard
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Cole
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK.
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
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20
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Chatenet M, Pollet BG, Dekel DR, Dionigi F, Deseure J, Millet P, Braatz RD, Bazant MZ, Eikerling M, Staffell I, Balcombe P, Shao-Horn Y, Schäfer H. Water electrolysis: from textbook knowledge to the latest scientific strategies and industrial developments. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4583-4762. [PMID: 35575644 PMCID: PMC9332215 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally benign, and affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic development. To that goal, hydrogen is presumed to be the most promising energy carrier. Electrocatalytic water splitting, if driven by green electricity, would provide hydrogen with minimal CO2 footprint. The viability of water electrolysis still hinges on the availability of durable earth-abundant electrocatalyst materials and the overall process efficiency. This review spans from the fundamentals of electrocatalytically initiated water splitting to the very latest scientific findings from university and institutional research, also covering specifications and special features of the current industrial processes and those processes currently being tested in large-scale applications. Recently developed strategies are described for the optimisation and discovery of active and durable materials for electrodes that ever-increasingly harness first-principles calculations and machine learning. In addition, a technoeconomic analysis of water electrolysis is included that allows an assessment of the extent to which a large-scale implementation of water splitting can help to combat climate change. This review article is intended to cross-pollinate and strengthen efforts from fundamental understanding to technical implementation and to improve the 'junctions' between the field's physical chemists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as stimulate much-needed exchange among these groups on challenges encountered in the different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Chatenet
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering and Management University Grenoble Alpes), LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno G Pollet
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Green Hydrogen Lab, Institute for Hydrogen Research (IHR), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Dario R Dekel
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Fabio Dionigi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan Deseure
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering and Management University Grenoble Alpes), LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Millet
- Paris-Saclay University, ICMMO (UMR 8182), 91400 Orsay, France
- Elogen, 8 avenue du Parana, 91940 Les Ulis, France
| | - Richard D Braatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael Eikerling
- Chair of Theory and Computation of Energy Materials, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Intzestraße 5, 52072 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-13: Modelling and Simulation of Materials in Energy Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Iain Staffell
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Balcombe
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Energy, School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Helmut Schäfer
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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21
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Lv C, Zhou X, Zhong L, Yan C, Srinivasan M, Seh ZW, Liu C, Pan H, Li S, Wen Y, Yan Q. Machine Learning: An Advanced Platform for Materials Development and State Prediction in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101474. [PMID: 34490683 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are vital energy-storage devices in modern society. However, the performance and cost are still not satisfactory in terms of energy density, power density, cycle life, safety, etc. To further improve the performance of batteries, traditional "trial-and-error" processes require a vast number of tedious experiments. Computational chemistry and artificial intelligence (AI) can significantly accelerate the research and development of novel battery systems. Herein, a heterogeneous category of AI technology for predicting and discovering battery materials and estimating the state of the battery system is reviewed. Successful examples, the challenges of deploying AI in real-world scenarios, and an integrated framework are analyzed and outlined. The state-of-the-art research about the applications of ML in the property prediction and battery discovery, including electrolyte and electrode materials, are further summarized. Meanwhile, the prediction of battery states is also provided. Finally, various existing challenges and the framework to tackle the challenges on the further development of machine learning for rechargeable LIBs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chade Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lixiang Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chunshuang Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Madhavi Srinivasan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute@NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Seh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Chuntai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute@NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yonggang Wen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute@NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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22
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Optimization of Heterogeneous Catalyst-assisted Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Biodiesel Production from Soybean Oil with Different Machine Learning Methods. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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23
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Combinatorial synthesis of heteroepitaxial, multi-cation, thin-films via pulsed laser deposition coupled with in-situ, chemical and structural characterization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3219. [PMID: 35256630 PMCID: PMC8901668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCombinatorial synthesis via a continuous composition spread is an excellent route to develop thin-film libraries as it is both time- and cost-efficient. Creating libraries of functional, multicomponent, complex oxide films requires excellent control over the synthesis parameters combined with high-throughput analytical feedback. A reliable, high-throughput, in-situ characterization analysis method is required to meet the crucial need to rapidly screen materials libraries. Here, we report on the combination of two in-situ techniques—(a) Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) for heteroepitaxial characterization and a newly developed compositional analysis technique, low-angle x-ray spectroscopy (LAXS), to map the chemical composition profile of combinatorial heteroepitaxial complex oxide films deposited using a continuous composition spread method via pulsed laser deposition. This is accomplished using a unique state-of-the-art combinatorial growth system with a fully synchronized four-axis mechanical substrate stage without shadow masks, alternating acquisition of chemical compositional data using LAXS at various different positions on the $$\sim$$
∼
41 mm $$\times$$
×
41 mm range and sequential deposition of multilayers of SrTiO$$_3$$
3
and $$\hbox {SrTi}_{0.8}\hbox {Ru}_{0.2}\hbox {O}_3$$
SrTi
0.8
Ru
0.2
O
3
on a 2-inch (50.8 mm) $$\hbox {LaAlO}_3$$
LaAlO
3
wafer in a single growth run. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) is used to calibrate and validate the compositions determined by LAXS. This study shows the feasibility of combinatorial synthesis of heteroepitaxial, functional complex oxide films at wafer-scale via two essential in-situ characterization tools—RHEED for structural analysis or heteroepitaxy and LAXS for compositional characterization. This is a powerful technique for development of new films with optimized heteroepitaxy and composition.
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24
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Materials for Sustainable Nuclear Energy: A European Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for All Reactor Generations. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15051845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear energy is presently the single major low-carbon electricity source in Europe and is overall expected to maintain (perhaps eventually even increase) its current installed power from now to 2045. Long-term operation (LTO) is a reality in essentially all nuclear European countries, even when planning to phase out. New builds are planned. Moreover, several European countries, including non-nuclear or phasing out ones, have interests in next generation nuclear systems. In this framework, materials and material science play a crucial role towards safer, more efficient, more economical and overall more sustainable nuclear energy. This paper proposes a research agenda that combines modern digital technologies with materials science practices to pursue a change of paradigm that promotes innovation, equally serving the different nuclear energy interests and positions throughout Europe. This paper chooses to overview structural and fuel materials used in current generation reactors, as well as their wider spectrum for next generation reactors, summarising the relevant issues. Next, it describes the materials science approaches that are common to any nuclear materials (including classes that are not addressed here, such as concrete, polymers and functional materials), identifying for each of them a research agenda goal. It is concluded that among these goals are the development of structured materials qualification test-beds and materials acceleration platforms (MAPs) for materials that operate under harsh conditions. Another goal is the development of multi-parameter-based approaches for materials health monitoring based on different non-destructive examination and testing (NDE&T) techniques. Hybrid models that suitably combine physics-based and data-driven approaches for materials behaviour prediction can valuably support these developments, together with the creation and population of a centralised, “smart” database for nuclear materials.
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25
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Wu Y, Wang X, Tian G, Zheng L, Liang F, Zhang S, Yu H, Zhang H. Inverse Design of Ferroelectric-Order in Perovskite Crystal for Self-Powered Ultraviolet Photodetection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105108. [PMID: 34932855 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has always been a hot topic to design an orderly mesoscopic structure in functional materials to tailor the macroscopic properties or realize new functions. The existence of domains in ferroelectric materials has been proven to affect the macroscopic properties, being actively studied in nonlinear optical conversion and piezoelectric effects. However, the high-efficiency photoelectric conversion capability of ferroelectric crystals has not yet been explored. Here, the authors study the orderly arrangement of ferroelectric order in KTa1- x Nbx O3 (KTN) perovskite crystals, and design the "head-to-head" domains by tuning the Curie temperature Tc , thereby generating abundant charged domain walls and robust conductive channels for electrons and holes. An ultrahigh ultraviolet photoresponsivity is achieved in the KTN crystal under zero bias voltage, being about four orders magnitude higher than that of the well-known ferroelectric materials. The substantial improvement can be attributed to the judiciously designed ferroelectric order, as demonstrated by the conductive atomic force microscopy. In addition, KTN detector exhibits high stability and reliability after high-temperature and fatigue treatment. KTN crystal features giant photoresponsivity, high electric-optical coefficient, and large χ(2) nonlinearity concurrently, indicating its great potential for application of all-optical devices on photonic chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xuping Wang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gang Tian
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Limei Zheng
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Fei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, AIIM, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
| | - Haohai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Huaijin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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26
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Weinbub J, Kosik R. Computational perspective on recent advances in quantum electronics: from electron quantum optics to nanoelectronic devices and systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:163001. [PMID: 35008077 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac49c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantum electronics has significantly evolved over the last decades. Where initially the clear focus was on light-matter interactions, nowadays approaches based on the electron's wave nature have solidified themselves as additional focus areas. This development is largely driven by continuous advances in electron quantum optics, electron based quantum information processing, electronic materials, and nanoelectronic devices and systems. The pace of research in all of these areas is astonishing and is accompanied by substantial theoretical and experimental advancements. What is particularly exciting is the fact that the computational methods, together with broadly available large-scale computing resources, have matured to such a degree so as to be essential enabling technologies themselves. These methods allow to predict, analyze, and design not only individual physical processes but also entire devices and systems, which would otherwise be very challenging or sometimes even out of reach with conventional experimental capabilities. This review is thus a testament to the increasingly towering importance of computational methods for advancing the expanding field of quantum electronics. To that end, computational aspects of a representative selection of recent research in quantum electronics are highlighted where a major focus is on the electron's wave nature. By categorizing the research into concrete technological applications, researchers and engineers will be able to use this review as a source for inspiration regarding problem-specific computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Weinbub
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for High Performance TCAD, Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Austria
| | - Robert Kosik
- Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Austria
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27
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Ament S, Amsler M, Sutherland DR, Chang MC, Guevarra D, Connolly AB, Gregoire JM, Thompson MO, Gomes CP, van Dover RB. Autonomous materials synthesis via hierarchical active learning of nonequilibrium phase diagrams. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg4930. [PMID: 34919429 PMCID: PMC8682983 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Autonomous experimentation enabled by artificial intelligence offers a new paradigm for accelerating scientific discovery. Nonequilibrium materials synthesis is emblematic of complex, resource-intensive experimentation whose acceleration would be a watershed for materials discovery. We demonstrate accelerated exploration of metastable materials through hierarchical autonomous experimentation governed by the Scientific Autonomous Reasoning Agent (SARA). SARA integrates robotic materials synthesis using lateral gradient laser spike annealing and optical characterization along with a hierarchy of AI methods to map out processing phase diagrams. Efficient exploration of the multidimensional parameter space is achieved with nested active learning cycles built upon advanced machine learning models that incorporate the underlying physics of the experiments and end-to-end uncertainty quantification. We demonstrate SARA’s performance by autonomously mapping synthesis phase boundaries for the Bi2O3 system, leading to orders-of-magnitude acceleration in the establishment of a synthesis phase diagram that includes conditions for stabilizing δ-Bi2O3 at room temperature, a critical development for electrochemical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ament
- Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Maximilian Amsler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. (M.A.); (C.P.G.)
| | - Duncan R. Sutherland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ming-Chiang Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Dan Guevarra
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Aine B. Connolly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - John M. Gregoire
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Michael O. Thompson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Carla P. Gomes
- Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.A.); (C.P.G.)
| | - R. Bruce van Dover
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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28
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Application of computational approach in plastic pyrolysis kinetic modelling: a review. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-02093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDuring the past decade, pyrolysis routes have been identified as one of the most promising solutions for plastic waste management. However, the industrial adoption of such technologies has been limited and several unresolved blind spots hamper the commercial application of pyrolysis. Despite many years and efforts to explain pyrolysis models based on global kinetic approaches, recent advances in computational modelling such as machine learning and quantum mechanics offer new insights. For example, the kinetic and mechanistic information about plastic pyrolysis reactions necessary for scaling up processes is unravelling. This selective literature review reveals some of the foundational knowledge and accurate views on the reaction pathways, product yields, and other features of pyrolysis created by these new tools. Pyrolysis routes mapped by machine learning and quantum mechanics will gain more relevance in the coming years, especially studies that combine computational models with different time and scale resolutions governed by “first principles.” Existing research suggests that, as machine learning is further coupled to quantum mechanics, scientists and engineers will better predict products, yields, and compositions, as well as more complicated features such as ideal reactor design.
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29
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Yang L, Haber JA, Armstrong Z, Yang SJ, Kan K, Zhou L, Richter MH, Roat C, Wagner N, Coram M, Berndl M, Riley P, Gregoire JM. Discovery of complex oxides via automated experiments and data science. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106042118. [PMID: 34508002 PMCID: PMC8449358 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106042118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest to identify materials with tailored properties is increasingly expanding into high-order composition spaces, with a corresponding combinatorial explosion in the number of candidate materials. A key challenge is to discover regions in composition space where materials have novel properties. Traditional predictive models for material properties are not accurate enough to guide the search. Herein, we use high-throughput measurements of optical properties to identify novel regions in three-cation metal oxide composition spaces by identifying compositions whose optical trends cannot be explained by simple phase mixtures. We screen 376,752 distinct compositions from 108 three-cation oxide systems based on the cation elements Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, In, Sn, Ce, and Ta. Data models for candidate phase diagrams and three-cation compositions with emergent optical properties guide the discovery of materials with complex phase-dependent properties, as demonstrated by the discovery of a Co-Ta-Sn substitutional alloy oxide with tunable transparency, catalytic activity, and stability in strong acid electrolytes. These results required close coupling of data validation to experiment design to generate a reliable end-to-end high-throughput workflow for accelerating scientific discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusann Yang
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Joel A Haber
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Zan Armstrong
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Samuel J Yang
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Kevin Kan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Lan Zhou
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Matthias H Richter
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Christopher Roat
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Nicholas Wagner
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Marc Coram
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Marc Berndl
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - Patrick Riley
- Google Research, Google Applied Science, Mountain View, CA, 94043
| | - John M Gregoire
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
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30
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Gvozdetskyi V, Wang R, Xia W, Zhang F, Lin Z, Ho KM, Miller G, Zaikina JV. How to Look for Compounds: Predictive Screening and in situ Studies in Na-Zn-Bi System. Chemistry 2021; 27:15954-15966. [PMID: 34472129 PMCID: PMC9293119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, the combination of theoretical computations followed by rapid experimental screening and in situ diffraction studies is demonstrated as a powerful strategy for novel compounds discovery. When applied for the previously “empty” Na−Zn−Bi system, such an approach led to four novel phases. The compositional space of this system was rapidly screened via the hydride route method and the theoretically predicted NaZnBi (PbClF type, P4/nmm) and Na11Zn2Bi5 (Na11Cd2Sb5 type, P1‾
) phases were successfully synthesized, while other computationally generated compounds on the list were rejected. In addition, single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies of NaZnBi indicate minor deviations from the stoichiometric 1 : 1 : 1 molar ratio. As a result, two isostructural (PbClF type, P4/nmm) Zn‐deficient phases with similar compositions, but distinctly different unit cell parameters were discovered. The vacancies on Zn sites and unit cell expansion were rationalized from bonding analysis using electronic structure calculations on stoichiometric “NaZnBi”. In‐situ synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction studies shed light on complex equilibria in the Na−Zn−Bi system at elevated temperatures. In particular, the high‐temperature polymorph HT‐Na3Bi (BiF3 type, Fm3‾m) was obtained as a product of Na11Zn2Bi5 decomposition above 611 K. HT‐Na3Bi cannot be stabilized at room temperature by quenching, and this type of structure was earlier observed in the high‐pressure polymorph HP‐Na3Bi above 0.5 GPa. The aforementioned approach of predictive synthesis can be extended to other multinary systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Gvozdetskyi
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
| | - Renhai Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
| | - Feng Zhang
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
| | - Zijing Lin
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Kai-Ming Ho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
| | - Gordon Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
| | - Julia V Zaikina
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, United States of Amerika
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31
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Deringer VL, Bartók AP, Bernstein N, Wilkins DM, Ceriotti M, Csányi G. Gaussian Process Regression for Materials and Molecules. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10073-10141. [PMID: 34398616 PMCID: PMC8391963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We provide an introduction to Gaussian process regression (GPR) machine-learning methods in computational materials science and chemistry. The focus of the present review is on the regression of atomistic properties: in particular, on the construction of interatomic potentials, or force fields, in the Gaussian Approximation Potential (GAP) framework; beyond this, we also discuss the fitting of arbitrary scalar, vectorial, and tensorial quantities. Methodological aspects of reference data generation, representation, and regression, as well as the question of how a data-driven model may be validated, are reviewed and critically discussed. A survey of applications to a variety of research questions in chemistry and materials science illustrates the rapid growth in the field. A vision is outlined for the development of the methodology in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker L. Deringer
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Albert P. Bartók
- Department
of Physics and Warwick Centre for Predictive Modelling, School of
Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Noam Bernstein
- Center
for Computational Materials Science, U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - David M. Wilkins
- Atomistic
Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory
of Computational Science and Modeling, IMX, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- National
Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
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32
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A NEA review on innovative structural materials solutions, including advanced manufacturing processes for nuclear applications based on technology readiness assessment. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2021.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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von Rudorff GF, von Lilienfeld OA. Simplifying inverse materials design problems for fixed lattices with alchemical chirality. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf1173. [PMID: 34138735 PMCID: PMC8133750 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Brute-force compute campaigns relying on demanding ab initio calculations routinely search for previously unknown materials in chemical compound space (CCS), the vast set of all conceivable stable combinations of elements and structural configurations. Here, we demonstrate that four-dimensional chirality arising from antisymmetry of alchemical perturbations dissects CCS and defines approximate ranks, which reduce its formal dimensionality and break down its combinatorial scaling. The resulting "alchemical" enantiomers have the same electronic energy up to the third order, independent of respective covalent bond topology, imposing relevant constraints on chemical bonding. Alchemical chirality deepens our understanding of CCS and enables the establishment of trends without empiricism for any materials with fixed lattices. We demonstrate the efficacy for three cases: (i) new rules for electronic energy contributions to chemical bonding; (ii) analysis of the electron density of BN-doped benzene; and (iii) ranking over 2000 and 4 million BN-doped naphthalene and picene derivatives, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Falk von Rudorff
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Kolingasse 14-16, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - O Anatole von Lilienfeld
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Kolingasse 14-16, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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34
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Penev ES, Marzari N, Yakobson BI. Theoretical Prediction of Two-Dimensional Materials, Behavior, and Properties. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5959-5976. [PMID: 33823108 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Predictive modeling of two-dimensional (2D) materials is at the crossroad of two current rapidly growing interests: 2D materials per se, massively sought after and explored in experimental laboratories, and materials theoretical-computational models in general, flourishing on a fertile mix of condensed-matter physics and chemistry with advancing computational technology. Here the general methods and specific techniques of modeling are briefly overviewed, along with a somewhat philosophical assessment of what "prediction" is, followed by selected practical examples for 2D materials, from structures and properties, to device functionalities and synthetic routes for their making. We conclude with a brief sketch-outlook of future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Marzari
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J. Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Rm 66–464 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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36
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Kavanagh S, Walsh A, Scanlon DO. Rapid Recombination by Cadmium Vacancies in CdTe. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:1392-1398. [PMID: 33869771 PMCID: PMC8043136 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
CdTe is currently the largest thin-film photovoltaic technology. Non-radiative electron-hole recombination reduces the solar conversion efficiency from an ideal value of 32% to a current champion performance of 22%. The cadmium vacancy (VCd) is a prominent acceptor species in p-type CdTe; however, debate continues regarding its structural and electronic behavior. Using ab initio defect techniques, we calculate a negative-U double-acceptor level for VCd, while reproducing the VCd 1- hole-polaron, reconciling theoretical predictions with experimental observations. We find the cadmium vacancy facilitates rapid charge-carrier recombination, reducing maximum power-conversion efficiency by over 5% for untreated CdTe-a consequence of tellurium dimerization, metastable structural arrangements, and anharmonic potential energy surfaces for carrier capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán
R. Kavanagh
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Aron Walsh
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - David O. Scanlon
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Diamond
House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11
0DE, U.K.
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37
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Huang YT, Kavanagh SR, Scanlon DO, Walsh A, Hoye RLZ. Perovskite-inspired materials for photovoltaics and beyond-from design to devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:132004. [PMID: 33260167 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites have demonstrated astonishing increases in power conversion efficiency in photovoltaics over the last decade. The most efficient perovskite devices now outperform industry-standard multi-crystalline silicon solar cells, despite the fact that perovskites are typically grown at low temperature using simple solution-based methods. However, the toxicity of lead and its ready solubility in water are concerns for widespread implementation. These challenges, alongside the many successes of the perovskites, have motivated significant efforts across multiple disciplines to find lead-free and stable alternatives which could mimic the ability of the perovskites to achieve high performance with low temperature, facile fabrication methods. This Review discusses the computational and experimental approaches that have been taken to discover lead-free perovskite-inspired materials, and the recent successes and challenges in synthesizing these compounds. The atomistic origins of the extraordinary performance exhibited by lead-halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices is discussed, alongside the key challenges in engineering such high-performance in alternative, next-generation materials. Beyond photovoltaics, this Review discusses the impact perovskite-inspired materials have had in spurring efforts to apply new materials in other optoelectronic applications, namely light-emitting diodes, photocatalysts, radiation detectors, thin film transistors and memristors. Finally, the prospects and key challenges faced by the field in advancing the development of perovskite-inspired materials towards realization in commercial devices is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Teng Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Seán R Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David O Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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38
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Hong S, Liow CH, Yuk JM, Byon HR, Yang Y, Cho E, Yeom J, Park G, Kang H, Kim S, Shim Y, Na M, Jeong C, Hwang G, Kim H, Kim H, Eom S, Cho S, Jun H, Lee Y, Baucour A, Bang K, Kim M, Yun S, Ryu J, Han Y, Jetybayeva A, Choi PP, Agar JC, Kalinin SV, Voorhees PW, Littlewood P, Lee HM. Reducing Time to Discovery: Materials and Molecular Modeling, Imaging, Informatics, and Integration. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3971-3995. [PMID: 33577296 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Multiscale and multimodal imaging of material structures and properties provides solid ground on which materials theory and design can flourish. Recently, KAIST announced 10 flagship research fields, which include KAIST Materials Revolution: Materials and Molecular Modeling, Imaging, Informatics and Integration (M3I3). The M3I3 initiative aims to reduce the time for the discovery, design and development of materials based on elucidating multiscale processing-structure-property relationship and materials hierarchy, which are to be quantified and understood through a combination of machine learning and scientific insights. In this review, we begin by introducing recent progress on related initiatives around the globe, such as the Materials Genome Initiative (U.S.), Materials Informatics (U.S.), the Materials Project (U.S.), the Open Quantum Materials Database (U.S.), Materials Research by Information Integration Initiative (Japan), Novel Materials Discovery (E.U.), the NOMAD repository (E.U.), Materials Scientific Data Sharing Network (China), Vom Materials Zur Innovation (Germany), and Creative Materials Discovery (Korea), and discuss the role of multiscale materials and molecular imaging combined with machine learning in realizing the vision of M3I3. Specifically, microscopies using photons, electrons, and physical probes will be revisited with a focus on the multiscale structural hierarchy, as well as structure-property relationships. Additionally, data mining from the literature combined with machine learning will be shown to be more efficient in finding the future direction of materials structures with improved properties than the classical approach. Examples of materials for applications in energy and information will be reviewed and discussed. A case study on the development of a Ni-Co-Mn cathode materials illustrates M3I3's approach to creating libraries of multiscale structure-property-processing relationships. We end with a future outlook toward recent developments in the field of M3I3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungbum Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for NanoCentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hao Liow
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Yuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Byon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - EunAe Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yeom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonmuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Moony Na
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaehwa Jeong
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuseong Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmun Eom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwoo Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosun Jun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongju Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Arthur Baucour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihoon Bang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjung Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjae Ryu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Albina Jetybayeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyuck-Pa Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua C Agar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Peter W Voorhees
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter Littlewood
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Hyuck Mo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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39
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Tang J, Skelton JM. Impact of noble-gas filler atoms on the lattice thermal conductivity of CoSb 3skutterudites: first-principles modelling. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:164002. [PMID: 33401262 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd8b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic first-principles modelling study of the structural dynamics and thermal transport in CoSb3skutterudites with a series of noble-gas filler atoms. Filling with chemically-inert atoms provides an idealised model for isolating the effects of the fillers from the impact of redox changes to the host electronic structure. A range of analysis techniques are proposed to estimate the filler rattling frequencies, to quantify the separate impacts of the fillers on the phonon group velocities and lifetimes, and to show how changes to the phonon spectra and interaction strengths lead to suppressed lifetimes. The noble-gas fillers are found to reduce the thermal conductivity of the CoSb3framework by up to 15% primarily by suppressing the group velocities of low-lying optic modes. The filler rattling frequencies are determined by a detailed balance of increasing atomic mass and stronger interactions with the framework, and are found to be a good predictor of the impact on the heat transport. Lowering the rattling frequency below ∼1.5 THz by selecting heavy fillers that interact weakly with the framework is predicted to lead to a much larger suppression of the thermal transport, by inducing avoided crossings in the acoustic-mode dispersion and facilitating enhanced scattering and a consequent large reduction in phonon lifetimes. Approximate rattling frequencies determined from the harmonic force constants may therefore provide a useful metric for selecting filler atoms to optimise the thermal transport in skutterudites and other cage compounds such as clathrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqin Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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40
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Bergeron H, Lebedev D, Hersam MC. Polymorphism in Post-Dichalcogenide Two-Dimensional Materials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2713-2775. [PMID: 33555868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit a wide range of atomic structures, compositions, and associated versatility of properties. Furthermore, for a given composition, a variety of different crystal structures (i.e., polymorphs) can be observed. Polymorphism in 2D materials presents a fertile landscape for designing novel architectures and imparting new functionalities. The objective of this Review is to identify the polymorphs of emerging 2D materials, describe their polymorph-dependent properties, and outline methods used for polymorph control. Since traditional 2D materials (e.g., graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides) have already been studied extensively, the focus here is on polymorphism in post-dichalcogenide 2D materials including group III, IV, and V elemental 2D materials, layered group III, IV, and V metal chalcogenides, and 2D transition metal halides. In addition to providing a comprehensive survey of recent experimental and theoretical literature, this Review identifies the most promising opportunities for future research including how 2D polymorph engineering can provide a pathway to materials by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadallia Bergeron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dmitry Lebedev
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Samélor D, Turgambaeva A, Krisyuk V, Miquelot A, Cure J, Sysoev S, Trubin S, Stabnikov P, Esvan J, Constandoudis V, Vahlas C. Engineering structure and functionalities of chemical vapor deposited photocatalytic titanium dioxide films through different types of precursors. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00081k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The functional properties of photocatalytic CVD processed TiO2 films can be monitored by appropriately selecting the precursors chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asiya Turgambaeva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | - Vladislav Krisyuk
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | | | - Jeremy Cure
- LAAS-CNRS
- Avenue du Colonel Roche
- 31031 Toulouse
- France
| | - Sergey Sysoev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | - Sergey Trubin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | - Pavel Stabnikov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
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43
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Walden DM, Bundey Y, Jagarapu A, Antontsev V, Chakravarty K, Varshney J. Molecular Simulation and Statistical Learning Methods toward Predicting Drug-Polymer Amorphous Solid Dispersion Miscibility, Stability, and Formulation Design. Molecules 2021; 26:E182. [PMID: 33401494 PMCID: PMC7794704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have emerged as widespread formulations for drug delivery of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Predicting the API solubility with various carriers in the API-carrier mixture and the principal API-carrier non-bonding interactions are critical factors for rational drug development and formulation decisions. Experimental determination of these interactions, solubility, and dissolution mechanisms is time-consuming, costly, and reliant on trial and error. To that end, molecular modeling has been applied to simulate ASD properties and mechanisms. Quantum mechanical methods elucidate the strength of API-carrier non-bonding interactions, while molecular dynamics simulations model and predict ASD physical stability, solubility, and dissolution mechanisms. Statistical learning models have been recently applied to the prediction of a variety of drug formulation properties and show immense potential for continued application in the understanding and prediction of ASD solubility. Continued theoretical progress and computational applications will accelerate lead compound development before clinical trials. This article reviews in silico research for the rational formulation design of low-solubility drugs. Pertinent theoretical groundwork is presented, modeling applications and limitations are discussed, and the prospective clinical benefits of accelerated ASD formulation are envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jyotika Varshney
- VeriSIM Life Inc., 1 Sansome St, Suite 3500, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA; (D.M.W.); (Y.B.); (A.J.); (V.A.); (K.C.)
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44
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Piccinotti D, MacDonald KF, A Gregory S, Youngs I, Zheludev NI. Artificial intelligence for photonics and photonic materials. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:012401. [PMID: 33355315 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abb4c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the most important new methodology in scientific research since the adoption of quantum mechanics and it is providing exciting results in numerous fields of science and technology. In this review we summarize research and discuss future opportunities for AI in the domains of photonics, nanophotonics, plasmonics and photonic materials discovery, including metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Piccinotti
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin F MacDonald
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A Gregory
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Salisbury, SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Youngs
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Salisbury, SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolay I Zheludev
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, The Photonics Institute, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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45
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Coley CW, Eyke NS, Jensen KF. Autonome Entdeckung in den chemischen Wissenschaften, Teil II: Ausblick. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor W. Coley
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Natalie S. Eyke
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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Solution Combustion Synthesis of Transparent Conducting Thin Films for Sustainable Photovoltaic Applications. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122410423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution combustion synthesis of metal oxide nitrates wherein the use of indium is substituted or reduced. Individual 0.5 M indium, gallium and zinc oxide source solutions were mixed in ratios of 1:9 and 9:1 to obtain precursor solutions. Indium-rich IZO (A1), zinc-rich IZO (B1), gallium-rich GZO (C1) and zinc-rich GZO (D1) thin films were prepared through spin coating deposition. In the case of A1 and B1 thin films, electrical resistivity obtained was 3.4 × 10−3 Ω-cm and 7.9 × 10−3 Ω-cm, respectively. While C1 films remained insulating, D1 films showed an electrical resistivity of 1.3 × 10−2 Ω-cm. The optical transmittance remained more than 80% in visible for all films. Films with necessary transparent conducting properties were applied in an all solution-processed solar cell device and then characterized. The efficiency of 1.66%, 2.17%, and 0.77% was obtained for A1, B1, and D1 TCOs, respectively, while 6.88% was obtained using commercial fluorine doped SnO2: (FTO) TCO. The results are encouraging for the preparation of indium-free TCOs towards solution-processed thin-film photovoltaic devices. It is also observed that better filtration of precursor solutions and improving surface roughness would further reduce sheet resistance and improve solar cell efficiency.
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Abstract
The discovery of materials is an important element in the development of new technologies and abilities that can help humanity tackle many challenges. Materials discovery is frustratingly slow, with the large time and resource cost often providing only small gains in property performance. Furthermore, researchers are unwilling to take large risks that they will only know the outcome of months or years later. Computation is playing an increasing role in allowing rapid screening of large numbers of materials from vast search space to identify promising candidates for laboratory synthesis and testing. However, there is a problem, in that many materials computationally predicted to have encouraging properties cannot be readily realised in the lab. This minireview looks at how we can tackle the problem of confirming that hypothetical materials are synthetically realisable, through consideration of all the stages of the materials discovery process, from obtaining the components, reacting them to a material in the correct structure, through to processing into a desired form. In an ideal world, a material prediction would come with an associated 'recipe' for the successful laboratory preparation of the material. We discuss the opportunity to thus prevent wasted effort in experimental discovery programmes, including those using automation, to accelerate the discovery of novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip T Szczypiński
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus, Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Steven Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus, Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus, Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
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48
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Wang CI, Joanito I, Lan CF, Hsu CP. Artificial neural networks for predicting charge transfer coupling. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214113. [PMID: 33291923 DOI: 10.1063/5.0023697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum chemistry calculations have been very useful in providing many key detailed properties and enhancing our understanding of molecular systems. However, such calculation, especially with ab initio models, can be time-consuming. For example, in the prediction of charge-transfer properties, it is often necessary to work with an ensemble of different thermally populated structures. A possible alternative to such calculations is to use a machine-learning based approach. In this work, we show that the general prediction of electronic coupling, a property that is very sensitive to intermolecular degrees of freedom, can be obtained with artificial neural networks, with improved performance as compared to the popular kernel ridge regression method. We propose strategies for optimizing the learning rate and batch size, improving model performance, and further evaluating models to ensure that the physical signatures of charge-transfer coupling are well reproduced. We also address the effect of feature representation as well as statistical insights obtained from the loss function and the data structure. Our results pave the way for designing a general strategy for training such neural-network models for accurate prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-I Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Chang-Feng Lan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Hsu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Bier I, Marom N. Machine Learned Model for Solid Form Volume Estimation Based on Packing-Accessible Surface and Molecular Topological Fragments. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10330-10345. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imanuel Bier
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Noa Marom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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50
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann E, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7978-8035. [PMID: 32672777 PMCID: PMC7674226 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Erik Schaumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Seebald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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