1
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Valluvar Oli A, Ivaturi A. Indoor Light Harvesting Perovskite Solar Cells on Conducting Oxide-Free Ultrathin Deformable Substrates. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2024; 7:6096-6104. [PMID: 39148697 PMCID: PMC11322909 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are receiving renewed interest since they have reached high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and show potential for application not only on rigid and flexible substrates but also on mechanically deformable substrates for integration on nonplanar curvilinear surfaces. Here we demonstrate PSCs fabricated on transparent conducting oxide-free ultrathin polyethylene terephthalate substrates capable of efficiently harvesting indoor light even under compressive strain. Interface engineering with poly(bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine) improved the shunt resistance and band alignment at the perovskite-hole transport layer interface, which resulted in enhanced charge extraction, leading to 114% improvement in PCE from 5.57 to 11.91% under 500 lx indoor white LED (4000 K) illumination. The champion device exhibited a PCE of 18.37% under 250 lx cool white LED (4000 K) light. The maximum power output (P max) of the devices varied from 13.78 to 25.38 μW/cm2 by changing the indoor light illumination from 250 to 1000 lx, respectively. Moreover, the devices showed impressive performance even after mechanical deformation and retained 83 and 76% for 1 sun and indoor light, respectively, under 30% compressive strain. Our approach paves the way for fabrication of efficient indoor light harvesting PSCs on mechanically deformable substrates for integration on nonplanar surfaces prone to compressive strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arivazhagan Valluvar Oli
- Smart Materials Research
and Device Technology Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Aruna Ivaturi
- Smart Materials Research
and Device Technology Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
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2
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Koh QM, Mazlan NS, Seah QJ, Yang JC, Chen YJ, Png RQ, Ho PKH, Chua LL. Effects of Planarization of the Triphenylamine Unit on the Electronic and Transport Properties of Triarylamine-Fluorene Copolymers in Both Doped and Undoped Forms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39708-39716. [PMID: 39018293 PMCID: PMC11299140 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Triarylamine-alt-fluorene (TAF) copolymers are widely used for hole injection and transport in organic electronics. Despite suggestions to planarize the triphenylamine moiety, little research has been conducted. Here, we report a comprehensive investigation of the effects of planarization on the electronic and transport properties of a model TAF polymer semiconductor core. We compared the conventional twisted-propeller N-4-methoxyphenyl-N,N-diphenylamine-4',4″-diyl (TA) unit and its planarized bridged analogue (bTA) where adjacent o,o'-positions are linked by 1,1-dimethylmethylene. We studied both polyelectrolyte and non-polyelectrolyte forms of this core in both doped and undoped states. We found that planarization leads to an unprecedented trap-free transport of holes, and a pronounced enhancement of their mobility in the undoped state though less so in the doped state. Planarization also induces a slight reduction in the ionization energy of the undoped polymer, consequently lowering the work function of the doped polymer. This is accompanied by small spectral shifts: a red shift in the first absorption band of the undoped polymer and a blue shift in the first absorption band of the polaron. Furthermore, this study unveils new fundamental features of TAF polymers: (i) Doping induces the formation of three polaron bands within the subgap. (ii) Absorption of both neutral and polaron segments exhibit a linear intensity relationship with doping level. (iii) Electrical conductivity reaches a maximum at the half-doped state, varying as σ ∼ (x (1 - x))3 for 0.1 ≲ x ≲ 0.9, where x is the doping level. Finally, we demonstrate the successful integration of these self-compensated hole-doped TAF polymers as efficient hole injection layers in organic semiconductor diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Mian Koh
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117552 Singapore
| | - Nur Syafiqah Mazlan
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117552 Singapore
| | - Qiu-Jing Seah
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117552 Singapore
| | - Jin-Cheng Yang
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117550 Singapore
| | - Yue-Jia Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117552 Singapore
| | - Rui-Qi Png
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117550 Singapore
| | - Peter K. H. Ho
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117550 Singapore
| | - Lay-Lay Chua
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, S117552 Singapore
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3
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Wessling R, Delgado Andrés R, Morhenn I, Acker P, Maftuhin W, Walter M, Würfel U, Esser B. Phenothiazine-Based Donor-Acceptor Polymers as Multifunctional Materials for Charge Storage and Solar Energy Conversion. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2200699. [PMID: 36333908 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The increasing energy demand for diverse applications requires new types of devices and materials. Multifunctional materials that can fulfill different roles are of high interest as they can allow fabricating devices that can both convert and store energy. Herein, organic donor-acceptor redox polymers that can function as charge storage materials in batteries and as donor materials in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic devices are investigated. Based on its reversible redox chemistry, phenothiazine is used as the main building block in the conjugated copolymer design and combined with diketopyrrolopyrrol and benzothiadiazole as electron-poor comonomers to shift the optical absorption into the visible region. The resulting polymers show excellent cycling stability as positive electrode materials in lithium-organic batteries at discharge potentials of 3.6-3.7 V versus Li/Li+ as well as good performances in BHJ solar cells with up to 1.9% power conversion efficiency. This study shows that the design of such multifunctional materials is possible, however, that it also faces challenges, as essential properties for good device function can lead to diametrically opposite requirements in materials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wessling
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Delgado Andrés
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Morhenn
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Acker
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wafa Maftuhin
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer IWM, MikroTribologie Centrum µTC, Wöhlerstr. 11, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Uli Würfel
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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4
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Kim H, Kang J, Kim MI, Jeong W, Baek S, Ahn H, Chung DS, Jung IH. Development of n-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for Low Dark Current Density and Fast Response Organic Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38032313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Suppressing the dark current density (Jd) while maintaining sufficient charge transport is important for improving the specific detectivity (D*) and dynamic characteristics of organic photodetectors (OPDs). In this study, we synthesized three novel small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) densely surrounded by insulating alkyl side chains to minimize the Jd in OPDs. Introducing trialkylated N-annulated perylene diimide as a terminal moiety to the alkylated π-conjugated core structure was highly efficient in suppressing Jd in the devices, resulting in an extremely low Jd of 4.60 × 10-11 A cm-2 and 10-100 times improved D* values in the devices. In addition, SMAs with a geometrically aligned backbone structure exhibited better intermolecular ordering in the blended films, resulting in 3-10 times as high responsivity (R) values in the OPDs. Outstanding OPD performances with a D* of 8.09 × 1012 Jones, -3 dB cutoff frequency of 205.2 kHz, and rising response time of 16 μs were achieved under a 530 nm illumination in photoconductive mode. Geometrically aligned core-terminal SMAs densely surrounded by insulating alkyl side chains are promising for improving the static and dynamic properties of OPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeokjun Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Kang
- Light/Display Convergence R&BD Division, Cheorwon Plasma Research Institute, 7194 Geumgang-ro, Seo-myeon, Cheorwon-gun, Gangwon-do 24062, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong In Kim
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - WonJo Jeong
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37363, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37363, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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5
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Alkhudhayr EA, Sirbu D, Fsadni M, Vella B, Muhammad BT, Waddell PG, Probert MR, Penfold TJ, Hallam T, Gibson EA, Docampo P. Improving the Conductivity of Amide-Based Small Molecules through Enhanced Molecular Packing and Their Application as Hole Transport Mediators in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:11573-11582. [PMID: 38037633 PMCID: PMC10685326 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted substantial attention from the photovoltaic research community, with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) already exceeding 26%. Current state-of-the-art devices rely on Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole-transporting material (HTM); however, Spiro-OMeTAD is costly due to its complicated synthesis and expensive product purification, while its low conductivity ultimately limits the achievable device efficiency. In this work, we build upon our recently introduced family of low-cost amide-based small molecules and introduce a molecule (termed TPABT) that results in high conductivity values (∼10-5 S cm-1 upon addition of standard ionic additives), outperforming our previous amide-based material (EDOT-Amide-TPA, ∼10-6 S cm-1) while only costing an estimated $5/g. We ascribe the increased optoelectronic properties to favorable molecular packing, as shown by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which results in close spacing between the triphenylamine blocks. This, in turn, results in a short hole-hopping distance between molecules and therefore good mobility and conductivity. In addition, TPABT exhibits a higher bandgap and is as a result more transparent in the visible range of the solar spectrum, leading to lower parasitic absorption losses than Spiro-OMeTAD, and has increased moisture stability. We applied the molecule in perovskite solar cells and obtained good efficiency values in the ∼15% range. Our approach shows that engineering better molecular packing may be the key to developing high-efficiency, low-cost HTMs for perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A.
A. Alkhudhayr
- Energy
Materials Laboratory, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
7RU, U.K.
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal
University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Dumitru Sirbu
- Physics,
School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Miriam Fsadni
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Benjamin Vella
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Bening T. Muhammad
- Energy
Materials Laboratory, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
7RU, U.K.
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Paul G. Waddell
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Michael R. Probert
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Thomas J. Penfold
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Toby Hallam
- Physics,
School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Energy
Materials Laboratory, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
7RU, U.K.
- Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building,Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Pablo Docampo
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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6
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Wang Y, Li Y, Gao Z, Chen Q, Liu W, Fu Y, Liu Q, He D, Li J. Notable Performance Enhancement of CsPbI 2Br Solar Cells by a Dual-Function Strategy with CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53558-53567. [PMID: 37939372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a dual-function strategy, in which CsPbI2Br is treated by CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) via addition and surface modification to construct the "electron bridge" and gradient heterojunction, respectively, to notably improve the performance of the CsPbI2Br solar cells, is proposed. The "electron bridge" formed by the CsPbBr3 NCs provides an extra transport channel for the photogenerated electrons in the CsPbI2Br layer, thus facilitating electron transport. Meanwhile, surface modification of CsPbI2Br by the CsPbBr3 NCs forms a gradient heterojunction between the CsPbI2Br layer and the P3HT layer, enhancing hole extraction accordingly. In addition, the CsPbBr3 NC treatment passivates the defects at the bulk and surface of the CsPbI2Br layers, thus suppressing carrier recombination. Thanks to these positive effects of the CsPbBr3 NCs, the demonstration device with a simple configuration of ITO/SnO2/CsPbI2Br/P3HT/Ag achieves a notable power conversion efficiency of 17.03%, which is among the highest efficiencies reported for CsPbI2Br-based solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhou Wang
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yali Li
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiulu Chen
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weining Liu
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yujun Fu
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Deyan He
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junshuai Li
- LONGi Institute of Future Technology, and School of Materials & Energy, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
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7
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Keshtov ML, Khokhlov AR, Shikin DY, Alekseev V, Chayal G, Dahiya H, Singh MK, Chen FC, Sharma GD. Medium Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor for Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltage. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:1989-2000. [PMID: 36687083 PMCID: PMC9850470 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We have designed a new medium bandgap non-fullerene small-molecule acceptor consisting of an IDT donor core flanked with 2-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[c]-thiophene-4-ylidene) malononitrile (TC) acceptor terminal groups (IDT-TC) and compared its optical and electrochemical properties with the IDT-IC acceptor. IDT-TC showed an absorption profile from 300 to 760 nm, and it has an optical bandgap of 1.65 eV and HOMO and LUMO energy levels of -5.55 and -3.83 eV, respectively. In contrast to IDT-IC, IDT-TC has an upshifted LUMO energy level, which is advantageous for achieving high open-circuit voltage. Moreover, IDT-TC showed higher crystallinity and high electron mobility than IDT-IC. Using a wide bandgap D-A copolymer P as the donor, we compared the photovoltaic performance of IDT-TC, IDT-IC, and IDT-IC-Cl nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs). Polymer solar cells (PSCs) using P: IDT-TC, P: IDT-IC, and P:IDT-IC-Cl active layers achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.26, 11.56, and 13.34%, respectively. As the absorption profiles of IDT-IC-Cl and IDT-TC are complementary to each other, we have incorporated IDT-TC as the guest acceptor in the P: IDT-IC-Cl active layer to fabricate the ternary (P:IDT-TC: IDT-IC-Cl) PSC, demonstrating a PCE of 16.44%, which is significantly higher than that of the binary BHJ devices. The improvement in PCE for ternary PSCs is attributed to the efficient exploitation of excitons via energy transfer from IDT-TC to IDT-IC-Cl, suitable nanoscale phase separation, compact stacking distance, and more evenly distributed charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhamed L. Keshtov
- A.N.
Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, Vavilova
St., 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei R. Khokhlov
- A.N.
Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, Vavilova
St., 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dimitriy Y. Shikin
- A.N.
Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, Vavilova
St., 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Alekseev
- Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry Department, Tver
State University, Sadovyi per. 35, Tver 170002, Russian Federation
| | - Giriraj Chayal
- Department
of Physics, Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur 342005, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemraj Dahiya
- Department
of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information
Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manish Kumar Singh
- Department
of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information
Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Fang Chung Chen
- Department
of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung
University, Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Center for
Emergent Functional Matter Science, National
Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ganesh D. Sharma
- Department
of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information
Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
- Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jamdoli, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
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8
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Wagner TW, Johnson JC, Reid OG. Trap-Filling Magnetoconductance as an Initialization and Readout Mechanism of Triplet Exciton Spins. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9895-9902. [PMID: 36256578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcited triplet states are promising candidates for hybrid qubit systems, as they can be used as a controlling gate for nuclear spins. But microwave readout schemes do not generally offer the sensitivity needed to approach the single-molecule limit or the scope to integrate such systems into devices. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of electrical readout of triplet spins at room temperature through a specific mechanism of magnetoconductance (MC) in polycrystalline pentacene. We show that hole-only pentacene devices exhibit a positive photoinduced MC response that is consistent with a trap-filling mechanism. Spin and magnetic-field-dependent quenching of photogenerated triplets by holes quantitatively explains the MC response we observe. These results are distinct in both sign and proposed mechanism compared to previous reports on polyacene materials and provide clear design rules for future spintronic devices based on this spin-sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor W Wagner
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado80401-2550, United States
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado80401, United States
| | - Justin C Johnson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado80401, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States
| | - Obadiah G Reid
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado80401, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States
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9
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Morari V, Ursaki VV, Rusu EV, Zalamai VV, Colpo P, Tiginyanu IM. Spin-Coating and Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis Processed Zn 1-xMg xO Films for UV Detector Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3209. [PMID: 36144997 PMCID: PMC9505617 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of Zn1-xMgxO thin films with x ranging from 0 to 0.8 were prepared by spin coating and aerosol spray pyrolysis deposition on Si and quartz substrates. The morphology, composition, nano-crystalline structure, and optical and vibration properties of the prepared films were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and optical and Raman scattering spectroscopy. The optimum conditions of the thermal treatment of samples prepared by spin coating were determined from the point of view of film crystallinity. The content of crystalline phases in films and values of the optical band gap of these phases were determined as a function of the chemical composition. We developed heterostructure photodetectors based on the prepared films and demonstrated their operation in the injection photodiode mode at forward biases. A device design based on two Zn1-xMgxO thin films with different x values was proposed for extending the operational forward bias range and improving its responsivity, detectivity, and selectivity to UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Morari
- D. Ghitu Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies, 2028 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Veaceslav V. Ursaki
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Emil V. Rusu
- D. Ghitu Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies, 2028 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Victor V. Zalamai
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Pascal Colpo
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Ion M. Tiginyanu
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
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10
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Kaienburg P, Jungbluth A, Habib I, Kesava SV, Nyman M, Riede MK. Assessing the Photovoltaic Quality of Vacuum-Thermal Evaporated Organic Semiconductor Blends. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107584. [PMID: 34821418 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum-thermal evaporation (VTE) is a highly relevant fabrication route for organic solar cells (OSCs), especially on an industrial scale as proven by the commercialization of organic light emitting diode-based displays. While OSC performance is reported for a range of VTE-deposited molecules, a comprehensive assessment of donor:acceptor blend properties with respect to their photovoltaic performance is scarce. Here, the organic thin films and solar cells of three select systems are fabricated and ellipsometry, external quantum efficiency with high dynamic range, as well as OTRACE are measured to quantify absorption, voltage losses, and charge carrier mobility. These parameters are key to explain OSC performance and will help to rationalize the performance of other material systems reported in literature as the authors' methodology is applicable beyond VTE systems. Furthermore, it can help to judge the prospects of new molecules in general. The authors find large differences in the measured values and find that today's VTE OSCs can reach high extinction coefficients, but only moderate mobility and voltage loss compared to their solution-processed counterparts. What needs to be improved for VTE OSCs is outlined to again catch up with their solution-processed counterparts in terms of power conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Kaienburg
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Anna Jungbluth
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Irfan Habib
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Sameer Vajjala Kesava
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Mathias Nyman
- Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, Turku, 20500, Finland
| | - Moritz K Riede
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
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11
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Kaiyasuan C, Somjit V, Boekfa B, Packwood D, Chasing P, Sudyoadsuk T, Kongpatpanich K, Promarak V. Intrinsic Hole Mobility in Luminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks and Its Application in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117608. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chokchai Kaiyasuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Vetiga Somjit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Bundet Boekfa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus Nakhonpathom 73140 Thailand
| | - Daniel Packwood
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8510 Japan
| | - Pongsakorn Chasing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Taweesak Sudyoadsuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Kongpatpanich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
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12
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Kaiyasuan C, Somjit V, Boekfa B, Packwood D, Chasing P, Sudyoadsuk T, Kongpatpanich K, Promarak V. Intrinsic Hole Mobility in Luminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks and Its Application in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chokchai Kaiyasuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Vetiga Somjit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Bundet Boekfa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus Nakhonpathom 73140 Thailand
| | - Daniel Packwood
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8510 Japan
| | - Pongsakorn Chasing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Taweesak Sudyoadsuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Kongpatpanich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong 21210 Thailand
- Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Wangchan Rayong 21210 Thailand
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13
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Yu T, He W, Jafari M, Guner T, Li P, Siaj M, Izquierdo R, Sun B, Welch GC, Yurtsever A, Ma D. 3D Nanoscale Morphology Characterization of Ternary Organic Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2100916. [PMID: 35041289 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desired to develop advanced characterization techniques to explore the 3D nanoscale morphology of the complicated blend film of ternary organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, ternary OSCs are constructed by incorporating the nonfullerene acceptor perylenediimide (PDI)-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-PDI and their morphology is characterized in depth to understand the performance variation. In particular, photoinduced force microscopy (PiFM) coupled with infrared laser spectroscopy is conducted to qualitatively study the distribution of donor and acceptors in the blend film by chemical identification and to quantitatively probe the segmentation of domains and the domain size distribution after PDI-DPP-PDI acceptor incorporation by PiFM imaging and data processing. In addition, the energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy with energy loss spectra is utilized to visualize the nanoscale morphology of ultrathin cross-sections in the configuration of the real ternary device for the first time in the field of photovoltaics. These measurements allow to "view" the surface and cross-sectional morphology and provide strong evidence that the PDI-DPP-PDI acceptor can suppress the aggregation of the fullerene molecules and generate the homogenous morphology with a higher-level of the molecularly mixed phase, which can prevent the charge recombination and stabilize the morphology of photoactive layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Wanting He
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Maziar Jafari
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H2L 2C4, Canada
| | - Tugrul Guner
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Pandeng Li
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Siaj
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H2L 2C4, Canada
| | - Ricardo Izquierdo
- Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Gregory C Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Aycan Yurtsever
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Dongling Ma
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
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14
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Rejhon M, Dedic V, Grill R, Franc J, Roy UN, James RB. Low-Temperature Annealing of CdZnTeSe under Bias. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 22:171. [PMID: 35009714 PMCID: PMC8747470 DOI: 10.3390/s22010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We performed a gradual low-temperature annealing up to 360 K on a CdZnTeSe radiation detector equipped with gold and indium electrodes under bias at both polarities. We observed significant changes in the detector's resistance and space-charge accumulation. This could potentially lead to the control and improvement of the electronic properties of the detector because the changes are accompanied with the reduction in the bulk dark current and surface leakage current. In this article, we present the results of a detailed study of the internal electric field and conductivity changes in CdZnTeSe detector for various annealing steps under bias taking into account different polarities during annealing and subsequent characterization. We observed that low-temperature annealing results in an increase in the barrier height at the contacts that, in general, reduces the dark current and decreases the positive space charge present in the sample compared to the pre-annealed condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rejhon
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.R.); (R.G.); (J.F.)
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Vaclav Dedic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.R.); (R.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Roman Grill
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.R.); (R.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Jan Franc
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.R.); (R.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Utpal N. Roy
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; (U.N.R.); (R.B.J.)
| | - Ralph B. James
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; (U.N.R.); (R.B.J.)
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15
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Przypis L, Ahmad T, Misztal K, Honisz D, Radicchi E, Mosconi E, Domagala W, De Angelis F, Wojciechowski K. Designing New Indene-Fullerene Derivatives as Electron-Transporting Materials for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:27344-27353. [PMID: 35116086 PMCID: PMC8802170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c07189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a family of indene-C60 adducts obtained via Diels-Alder cycloaddition [4 + 2] are reported. The new C60 derivatives include indenes with a variety of functional groups. These adducts show lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels to be at the right position to consider these compounds as electron-transporting materials for planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. Selected derivatives were applied into inverted (p-i-n configuration) perovskite device architectures, fabricated on flexible polymer substrates, with large active areas (1 cm2). The highest power conversion efficiency, reaching 13.61%, was obtained for the 6'-acetamido-1',4'-dihydro-naphtho[2',3':1,2][5,6]fullerene-C60 (NHAc-ICMA). Spectroscopic characterization was applied to visualize possible passivation effects of the perovskite's surface induced by these adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przypis
- Saule
Research Institute, Wroclaw
Technology Park, 11 Dunska Street, Sigma Building, 54-130 Wrocław, Poland
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Taimoor Ahmad
- Saule
Technologies Ltd., Wroclaw
Technology Park, 11 Dunska Street, Sigma Building, 54-130 Wrocław, Poland
- Department
of Electronics Engineering, University of
Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Kasjan Misztal
- Saule
Research Institute, Wroclaw
Technology Park, 11 Dunska Street, Sigma Building, 54-130 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Damian Honisz
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Marcina Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Eros Radicchi
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce
di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce
di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Wojciech Domagala
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Marcina Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce
di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet,
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University,
P.O. Box 1664, 31952 Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Konrad Wojciechowski
- Saule
Research Institute, Wroclaw
Technology Park, 11 Dunska Street, Sigma Building, 54-130 Wrocław, Poland
- Saule
Technologies Ltd., Wroclaw
Technology Park, 11 Dunska Street, Sigma Building, 54-130 Wrocław, Poland
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16
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Chawanpunyawat T, Chasing P, Nalaoh P, Maitarad P, Sudyodsuk T, Promarak V. Rational Design of Chrysene-Based Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer Molecules as Efficient Non-Doped Deep-Blue Emitters for Simple-Structured Electroluminescent Devices. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:4145-4154. [PMID: 34716663 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a molecular design of chrysene-based deep-blue emissive materials (TC, TpPC, TpXC, and TmPC), in which chrysene as a core is functionalized with different triphenylamine moieties to realize a fine-tuning deep-blue fluorescence with superior electroluminescent (EL) performance. The photophysical analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations disclose that TC, TpPC, and TpXC possess HLCT characteristics with intense deep-blue emission in the solid-state, good hole-transporting ability, and high thermal and electrochemical stabilities. They are successfully employed as non-doped emitters in simple structured OLEDs (ITO/PEDOT : PSS : NF/emitter/TPBi/LiF : Al). In particular, TC-based device emits a deep-blue light with an emission peak at 446 nm and CIE color coordinates of (0.148, 0.096), a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax ) of 4.31%, and a low turn-on voltage of 2.8 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyarat Chawanpunyawat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Chasing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Phattananawee Nalaoh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Phornphimon Maitarad
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Taweesak Sudyodsuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand.,Research Network of NANOTEC-VISTEC on Nanotechnology for Energy School of Molecular Science and Engineering Department, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
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17
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Growth and Characterisation of Layered (BA)2CsAgBiBr7 Double Perovskite Single Crystals for Application in Radiation Sensing. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A recent publication on single crystals of two-dimensional, layered organic–inorganic (BA)2CsAgBiBr7 double perovskite (BA+ = CH3CH23NH3+) suggested the great potential of this semiconductor material in the detection of X-ray radiation. Our powder XRD measurement confirms the crystallinity and purity of all samples that crystallise in the monoclinic space group P21/m, while the single crystal XRD measurements reveal the dominant {001} lattice planes. The structure–property relationship is reflected in the lower resistivity values determined from the van der Pauw measurements (1.65–9.16 × 1010 Ωcm) compared to those determined from the IV measurements (4.19 × 1011–2.67 × 1012 Ωcm). The density of trap states and charge-carrier mobilities, which are determined from the IV measurements, are 1.12–1.76 × 1011 cm–3 and 10−5–10−4 cm2V–1s–1, respectively. The X-ray photoresponse measurements indicate that the (BA)2CsAgBiBr7 samples synthesised in this study satisfy the requirements for radiation sensors. Further advances in crystal growth are required to reduce the density of defects and improve the performance of single crystals.
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18
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Raheem AA, Murugan P, Shanmugam R, Praveen C. Azulene Bridged π-Distorted Chromophores: The Influence of Structural Symmetry on Optoelectrochemical and Photovoltaic Parameters. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1451-1460. [PMID: 34648248 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated chromophores possessing π-twisted functionality such as tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) have emerged as promising active layer materials for organic photovoltaics (OPVs). In this study, we disclose the synthesis of two azulenyl chromophores containing one and two TCBD groups. The symmetrical and unsymmetrical structural characteristics of these molecules inflict dissimilar optoelectronic and electrochemical properties. Based on molar absorptivity, aggregation behavior, HOMO-LUMO energies and other quantum chemical parameters, the symmetrical molecule (TATC2) appears to be a better non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) compared to its unsymmetrical counterpart (TATC1). For instance, higher absorptivity and deeper HOMO-LUMO levels for TATC2 (23950 M-1 cm-1 ; -6.01 eV/-3.86 eV) over TATC1 (12200 M1 cm-1 ; -5.46 eV/-3.64 eV) was observed. Validating this structure-property relationship on solar cell prototypes exhibited higher photovoltaic parameters (VOC =0.54 V, FF=0.48, JSC =6.42 mA/cm2 ) for TATC2 than TATC1 (VOC =0.47 V, FF=0.38, JSC =5.77 mA/cm2 ). Though the device parameters are not high, this work uncovers the intrinsic properties of azulene-tethered twisted chromophores as potential π-semiconductor choice for NFA solar cells. In particular, this report explores the utility of azulene-based π-twisted semiconductors as acceptor material for OPVs with cell efficiencies of 1.70 and 1.04 % for TATC2 and TATC1 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbasriyaludeen Abdul Raheem
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR Laboratory), Karaikudi-630003, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Ghaziabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Palanichamy Murugan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR Laboratory), Karaikudi-630003, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Ghaziabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai-625009, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekar Praveen
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR Laboratory), Karaikudi-630003, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Ghaziabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India
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19
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Zeiske S, Sandberg OJ, Zarrabi N, Li W, Meredith P, Armin A. Direct observation of trap-assisted recombination in organic photovoltaic devices. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3603. [PMID: 34127670 PMCID: PMC8203604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trap-assisted recombination caused by localised sub-gap states is one of the most important first-order loss mechanism limiting the power-conversion efficiency of all solar cells. The presence and relevance of trap-assisted recombination in organic photovoltaic devices is still a matter of some considerable ambiguity and debate, hindering the field as it seeks to deliver ever higher efficiencies and ultimately a viable new solar photovoltaic technology. In this work, we show that trap-assisted recombination loss of photocurrent is universally present under operational conditions in a wide variety of organic solar cell materials including the new non-fullerene electron acceptor systems currently breaking all efficiency records. The trap-assisted recombination is found to be induced by states lying 0.35-0.6 eV below the transport edge, acting as deep trap states at light intensities equivalent to 1 sun. Apart from limiting the photocurrent, we show that the associated trap-assisted recombination via these comparatively deep traps is also responsible for ideality factors between 1 and 2, shedding further light on another open and important question as to the fundamental working principles of organic solar cells. Our results also provide insights for avoiding trap-induced losses in related indoor photovoltaic and photodetector applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zeiske
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Oskar J Sandberg
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
| | - Nasim Zarrabi
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Paul Meredith
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Ardalan Armin
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr-SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
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20
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Manamel LT, Madam SC, Sagar S, Das BC. Electroforming-free nonvolatile resistive switching of redox-exfoliated MoS 2nanoflakes loaded polystyrene thin film with synaptic functionality. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:35LT02. [PMID: 34038892 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac056e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report robust and highly reproducible nonvolatile resistive switching (RS) devices with artificial synaptic functionalities utilizing redox-exfoliated few-layered 2H-MoS2nanoflakes. Advantageous polar solvent compatibility of 2D MoS2from this method were utilized to fabricate thin film devices very easily and cost-effectively using polystyrene as matrix. Prominent RS property of polystyrene thin film devices with varying MoS2concentrations strongly favors electroforming-free operation. The conduction band position of 2D MoS2nanosheet in combination with the work functions of chosen electrodes looks alleviating to switch the current from low to high at a suitable positive bias voltage. We further confirmed the mechanism of charge transport through fitting the results with theoretical models, say injection-dominated Schottky emission model for low-conducting states and space-charge-limited current mechanism for the high-conducting state. Interestingly, a relatively high current On/Off ratio 102was recorded during the pump-probe testing to show resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) application. Finally, artificial synaptic functionalities- the building blocks of neuromorphic computing architectures is also illustrated by considering the robust RS property and ReRAM application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litty Thomas Manamel
- eNDR Lab, School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Swetha Chengala Madam
- eNDR Lab, School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Srikrishna Sagar
- eNDR Lab, School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Bikas C Das
- eNDR Lab, School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
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21
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Kobeleva E, Popov A, Baranov D, Uvarov M, Nevostruev D, Degtyarenko K, Gadirov R, Sukhikh A, Kulik L. Origin of poor photovoltaic performance of bis(tetracyanoantrathiophene) non-fullerene acceptor. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Improving organic photovoltaic cells by forcing electrode work function well beyond onset of Ohmic transition. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2250. [PMID: 33854070 PMCID: PMC8047006 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As electrode work function rises or falls sufficiently, the organic semiconductor/electrode contact reaches Fermi-level pinning, and then, few tenths of an electron-volt later, Ohmic transition. For organic solar cells, the resultant flattening of open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) leads to a ‘plateau’ that maximizes power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, we demonstrate this plateau in fact tilts slightly upwards. Thus, further driving of the electrode work function can continue to improve Voc and FF, albeit slowly. The first effect arises from the coercion of Fermi level up the semiconductor density-of-states in the case of ‘soft’ Fermi pinning, raising cell built-in potential. The second effect arises from the contact-induced enhancement of majority-carrier mobility. We exemplify these using PBDTTPD:PCBM solar cells, where PBDTTPD is a prototypal face-stacked semiconductor, and where work function of the hole collection layer is systematically ‘tuned’ from onset of Fermi-level pinning, through Ohmic transition, and well into the Ohmic regime. Both open-circuit voltage and fill factor of organic solar cells are affected by the metal-organic semiconductor interface. Here, the authors demonstrate that the voltage can continue to rise when the Fermi level is forced up to the semiconductor density-of-states tail.
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23
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Le Corre VM, Duijnstee EA, El Tambouli O, Ball JM, Snaith HJ, Lim J, Koster LJA. Revealing Charge Carrier Mobility and Defect Densities in Metal Halide Perovskites via Space-Charge-Limited Current Measurements. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021. [PMID: 33869770 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.9b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements have been widely used to study the charge carrier mobility and trap density in semiconductors. However, their applicability to metal halide perovskites is not straightforward, due to the mixed ionic and electronic nature of these materials. Here, we discuss the pitfalls of SCLC for perovskite semiconductors, and especially the effect of mobile ions. We show, using drift-diffusion (DD) simulations, that the ions strongly affect the measurement and that the usual analysis and interpretation of SCLC need to be refined. We highlight that the trap density and mobility cannot be directly quantified using classical methods. We discuss the advantages of pulsed SCLC for obtaining reliable data with minimal influence of the ionic motion. We then show that fitting the pulsed SCLC with DD modeling is a reliable method for extracting mobility, trap, and ion densities simultaneously. As a proof of concept, we obtain a trap density of 1.3 × 1013 cm-3, an ion density of 1.1 × 1013 cm-3, and a mobility of 13 cm2 V-1 s-1 for a MAPbBr3 single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M Le Corre
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A Duijnstee
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Omar El Tambouli
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James M Ball
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - L Jan Anton Koster
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Le Corre VM, Duijnstee EA, El Tambouli O, Ball JM, Snaith HJ, Lim J, Koster LJA. Revealing Charge Carrier Mobility and Defect Densities in Metal Halide Perovskites via Space-Charge-Limited Current Measurements. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:1087-1094. [PMID: 33869770 PMCID: PMC8043077 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements have been widely used to study the charge carrier mobility and trap density in semiconductors. However, their applicability to metal halide perovskites is not straightforward, due to the mixed ionic and electronic nature of these materials. Here, we discuss the pitfalls of SCLC for perovskite semiconductors, and especially the effect of mobile ions. We show, using drift-diffusion (DD) simulations, that the ions strongly affect the measurement and that the usual analysis and interpretation of SCLC need to be refined. We highlight that the trap density and mobility cannot be directly quantified using classical methods. We discuss the advantages of pulsed SCLC for obtaining reliable data with minimal influence of the ionic motion. We then show that fitting the pulsed SCLC with DD modeling is a reliable method for extracting mobility, trap, and ion densities simultaneously. As a proof of concept, we obtain a trap density of 1.3 × 1013 cm-3, an ion density of 1.1 × 1013 cm-3, and a mobility of 13 cm2 V-1 s-1 for a MAPbBr3 single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Le Corre
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth A. Duijnstee
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Clarendon
Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
| | - Omar El Tambouli
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James M. Ball
- Clarendon
Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Clarendon
Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
| | - L. Jan Anton Koster
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Cvikl B. The electric field at the hole-injecting metal/organic interface controls the bias dependence of the current-voltage hole mobility. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 33:035003. [PMID: 32998126 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abbcf9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based upon the room temperature current-voltage data of some published organic diode structures the unique phenomenon of thedecreasinghole mobility,μ, with the increasing applied electric field,Ea, is interpreted. The measurable quantity, the hole drift mobilityμdis formulated in terms ofEaand the electric field at the hole injecting metal/organic interface,Eint, dependent algebraic function multiplied by the intrinsic hole mobility,μmaxthat is organic morphology dependent butEaindependent scaling factor. On account that the intrinsic mobility,μmax, is uncoupled from bothEaandEintit is shown that the origin of the negative field hole mobility effect occurs due toEint, that is alinearfunction ofEa. The bias and the space distribution of the internal organic electric field,E, as well as the free hole density,p, for poly(3-hexylthiophene) is calculated in detail. Depending on the organic layer morphology the internal electric field may exhibit, at the particular value ofEa, a deep well in the vicinity of the hole injecting metal/organic interface. Then the strong peak of the free hole density exists there the effect of which is spreading some 10 nm into the organic. IfEinthappens to beEaindependent constant, then from the resulting space charge limited current density, theincreasinghole drift mobility,μd, with the increasing applied electric field,Ea, is deduced. The published current-voltage data of two distinct metal-substituted phthalocyanine thin films provide an additional confirmation of the described formalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cvikl
- Faculty of Energy Technology, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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26
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Liu Z, Deng L, Yang H, Yu H, Wang K, Li J. Phase Modulation by Vacuum Poling toward Enhanced Performance of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Bromide Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7583-7589. [PMID: 32808791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As a new kind of highly efficient luminescent materials, quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites show great potential in industrial display applications. In this work, the poling methods are used in modulating the phase arrangement in quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). We find the effective modulation of different phase components in uniform arrangement can enhance both brightness and current efficiency to 30 810 cd/m2 and 8.3 cd/A, about 2 times in comparison to results for the control devices. Upon further investigation by optical and impedance spectroscopy, we find the phase modulation can improve the balance of charge carrier injection without sacrificing the transport ability. We believe our studies can provide new inspiration on the influence of phase arrangement in PeLED devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liangliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hanjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Haomiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
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27
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Hartnagel P, Kirchartz T. Understanding the Light‐Intensity Dependence of the Short‐Circuit Current of Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Hartnagel
- IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchartz
- IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany
- Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE University of Duisburg‐Essen Carl‐Benz‐Str. 199 Duisburg 47057 Germany
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28
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Aleshin AN, Zhang B, Aleshin PA, Petrov VN, Trapeznikova IN, Reiter G, Kleperis J. Photoelectronic properties of composite films based on conductive polymer PIDT-BT and single-walled carbon nanotubes. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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29
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Petrović M, Maksudov T, Panagiotopoulos A, Serpetzoglou E, Konidakis I, Stylianakis MM, Stratakis E, Kymakis E. Limitations of a polymer-based hole transporting layer for application in planar inverted perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3107-3118. [PMID: 36133594 PMCID: PMC9417823 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00246d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Planar inverted lead halide photovoltaics demonstrate remarkable photoconversion properties when employing poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) as a hole transporting layer. Herein, we elucidate the effect of ambient ultraviolet (UV) degradation on the structural and operational stability of the PTAA hole transporter through a series of rigorous optoelectrical characterization protocols. Due attention was given to the interplay between the polymer and perovskite absorber, both within the framework of a bilayer structure and fully assembled solar cells. The obtained results imply that UV degradation exerts a major influence on the structural integrity of PTAA, rather than on the interface with the perovskite light harvester. Moreover, UV exposure induced more adverse effects on tested samples than environmental humidity and oxygen, contributing more to the overall reduction of charge extraction properties of PTAA, as well as increased defect population upon prolonged UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Petrović
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion 71410 Crete Greece
| | - Temur Maksudov
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion 71410 Crete Greece
| | - Apostolos Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion 71410 Crete Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete Heraklion 71003 Crete Greece
| | - Efthymis Serpetzoglou
- Physics Department, University of Crete 71003 Heraklion Crete Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) 71110 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Ioannis Konidakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) 71110 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Minas M Stylianakis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion 71410 Crete Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete Heraklion 71003 Crete Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) 71110 Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - Emmanuel Kymakis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion 71410 Crete Greece
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30
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Regioisomeric π-conjugated terpolymers bearing carboxylate substituted thienothiophenyl quarterthiophene and their application to fullerene-free polymer solar cells. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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