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Tang X, Hao Q, Hou X, Lan L, Li M, Yao L, Zhao X, Ni Z, Fan X, Qiu T. Exploring and Engineering 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides toward Ultimate SERS Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312348. [PMID: 38302855 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ultrasensitive surface analysis technique that is widely used in chemical sensing, bioanalysis, and environmental monitoring. The design of the SERS substrates is crucial for obtaining high-quality SERS signals. Recently, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) have emerged as high-performance SERS substrates due to their superior stability, ease of fabrication, biocompatibility, controllable doping, and tunable bandgaps and excitons. In this review, a systematic overview of the latest advancements in 2D TMDs SERS substrates is provided. This review comprehensively summarizes the candidate 2D TMDs SERS materials, elucidates their working principles for SERS, explores the strategies to optimize their SERS performance, and highlights their practical applications. Particularly delved into are the material engineering strategies, including defect engineering, alloy engineering, thickness engineering, and heterojunction engineering. Additionally, the challenges and future prospects associated with the development of 2D TMDs SERS substrates are discussed, outlining potential directions that may lead to significant breakthroughs in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Qi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xiangyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Leilei Lan
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- School of Mechanics and Optoelectronic Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Mingze Li
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xingce Fan
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
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2
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Wei Y, Fan X, Chen D, Zhu X, Yao L, Zhao X, Tang X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Qiu T, Hao Q. Probing Oxidation Mechanisms in Plasmonic Catalysis: Unraveling the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2110-2117. [PMID: 38290214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced oxidation has conventionally been attributed to the transfer of plasmonic hot holes. However, this theoretical framework encounters challenges in elucidating the latest experimental findings, such as enhanced catalytic efficiency under uncoupled irradiation conditions and superior oxidizability of silver nanoparticles. Herein, we employ liquid surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) as a real-time and in situ tool to explore the oxidation mechanisms in plasmonic catalysis, taking the decarboxylation of p-mercaptobenzoic acid (PMBA) as a case study. Our findings suggest that the plasmon-induced oxidation is driven by reactive oxygen species (ROS) rather than hot holes, holding true for both the Au and Ag nanoparticles. Subsequent investigations suggest that plasmon-induced ROS may arise from hot carriers or energy transfer mechanisms, exhibiting selectivity under different experimental conditions. The observations were substantiated by investigating the cleavage of the carbon-boron bonds. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms were clarified by energy level theories, advancing our understanding of plasmonic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingce Fan
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangnan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
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3
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Dutovs A, Popļausks R, Putāns O, Perkanuks V, Jurkevičiūtė A, Tamulevičius T, Malinovskis U, Olyshevets I, Erts D, Prikulis J. In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 15:126-133. [PMID: 38317824 PMCID: PMC10840541 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAAO), sometimes referred to as nanoporous anodic alumina, serves as a cost-effective template for nanofabrication in many fields of science and engineering. However, production of ultrathin PAAO membranes with precise thickness in the optical sub-wavelength range remains challenging because of difficulties regarding process control at the initial stage of anodic oxidation. In this study, we demonstrate a technique for consistently manufacturing PAAO with the targeted thickness. An electrochemical cell with an optical window was designed for reflectance spectroscopy of PAAO during anodization. Real-time fitting of spectra to a transfer-matrix model enabled continuous monitoring of the thickness growth of the PAAO layer. Automation software was designed to terminate the anodization process at preset PAAO thickness values. While the concept was illustrated using the widely used method of anodization in a 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte with a 40 V potential, it can be readily customized for other protocols. PAAO layers with effective thickness below 300 nm could be produced with a few nanometers accuracy using single-crystal aluminum substrates. The results were confirmed using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The method for controlling the thickness during anodization eliminates the necessity of sample sectioning for electron microscopy and is particularly valuable for the small-scale production of PAAO-based functional optical coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrs Dutovs
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Raimonds Popļausks
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Oskars Putāns
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Vladislavs Perkanuks
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko St. 59, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science of Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko St. 59, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų St. 50, Kaunas LT-51368, Lithuania
| | - Uldis Malinovskis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Iryna Olyshevets
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Donats Erts
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Juris Prikulis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
- Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Optometry, University of Latvia, 3 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
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4
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Shen J, Hu Z, Quigley L, Wang H. Controlled Growth of Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites through a Au Seeding-Assisted Method. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37140-37146. [PMID: 37841141 PMCID: PMC10568576 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Heteroepitaxial metal-oxide vertically aligned nanocomposites (VAN) have piqued significant interest due to their remarkable vertical interfacial coupling effects, strong structural and property anisotropy, and potential applications in magnetoelectrics, photocatalysts, and optical metamaterials. VANs present a unique pillar-in-matrix structure with uniform but rather random pillar distributions. Achieving a well-controlled pillar growth remains a major challenge in this field. Here, we use BaTiO3 (BTO)-Au as a model VAN system to demonstrate the effects of Au seedings on achieving such pillar-growth control with enhanced ordering and morphology tuning. The Au seedings are introduced using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template through pulsed laser deposition (PLD). TEM characterization reveals that the Au seedings result in straighter and more evenly distributed Au pillars in the BTO matrix compared to those without seeding, with the diameter of the Au seedings increasing with the number of pulses. Additionally, spectroscopic ellipsometry demonstrates distinct permittivity dispersion for all samples. This demonstration lays a foundation for future controlled and selective growth of VAN systems for on-chip integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Shen
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zedong Hu
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lizabeth Quigley
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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5
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Yao L, Hao Q, Li M, Fan X, Li G, Tang X, Wei Y, Wang J, Qiu T. Flexible plasmonic nanocavities: a universal platform for the identification of molecular orientations. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6588-6595. [PMID: 36961297 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01059g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The molecular orientation provides fundamental images to understand molecular behaviors in chemistry. Herein, we propose and demonstrate sandwich plasmonic nanocavities as a surface-selection ruler to illustrate the molecular orientations by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The field vector in the plasmonic nanocavity presents a transverse spinning feature under specific excitations, allowing the facile modulation of the field polarizations to selectively amplify the Raman modes of the target molecules. It does not require the knowledge of the Raman spectrum of a bare molecule as a standard and thus can be extended as a universal ruler for the identification of molecular orientations. We investigated the most widely used Raman probe, Rhodamine 6G (R6G) on the Au surface and tried to clarify the arguments about its orientations from our perspectives. The experimental results suggest concentration-dependent adsorption configurations of R6G: it adsorbs on Au primarily via an ethylamine group with the xanthene ring lying flatly on the metal surface at low concentrations, and the molecular orientation gradually changes from "flat" to "upright" with the increase of molecular concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yao
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Hao
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Mingze Li
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Xingce Fan
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Guoqun Li
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Tang
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Yunjia Wei
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
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6
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Wang J, Hao Q, Dong H, Zhu M, Wu L, Liu L, Wang W, Schmidt OG, Ma L. Ultra-dense plasmonic nanogap arrays for reorientable molecular fluorescence enhancement and spectrum reshaping. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1128-1135. [PMID: 35726711 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01543a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding interactions between molecular transition and intense electromagnetic fields confined by plasmon nanostructures is of great significance due to their huge potential in fundamental cavity quantum electrodynamics and practical applications. Here, we report reorientable plasmon-enhanced fluorescence leveraging the flexibilities in densely-packed gold nanogap arrays by template-assisted depositions. By finely adjusting the symmetry of the unit structure, arrays of nanogaps along two nearly-orthogonal axes can be tailored collectively with spacing down to sub-10 nm on a single chip, facilitating distinct "inter-cell" and "intra-cell" plasmon couplings. Through engineering two sets of nanogaps, the varying hybridization-induced plasmonic bonding modes lead to adjustable splitting of the fluorescence emission peak with a width up to 81 nm and narrowing of linewidths up to a factor of 3. Besides, polarization anisotropy with a ratio up to 63% is obtained on the basis of spectrally separated local hotspots with discrepant oscillation directions. The developed plasmonic nanogap array is envisaged to provide a promising chip-scale, cost-effective platform for advancing fluorescence-based detection and emission technologies in both classical and quantum regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Qi Hao
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
- Quantum Information Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Minshen Zhu
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Lan Wu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Wenxing Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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7
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Wei Y, Hao Q, Fan X, Li M, Yao L, Li G, Zhao X, Huang H, Qiu T. Investigation of the Plasmon-Activated C-C Coupling Reactions by Liquid-State SERS Measurement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54320-54327. [PMID: 36441512 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of plasmonic materials in heterogeneous catalysis was limited due to the lack of experimental access in managing the plasmonic hot carriers. Herein, we propose a liquid-state surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique to manipulate and visualize heterogeneous photocatalysis with transparent plasmonic chips. The liquid-state measurement conquers the difficulties that arise from the plasmon-induced thermal effects, and thus the plasmon based strategies can be extended to investigate a wider range of catalytic reactions. We demonstrated the selection of reaction products by modulating the plasmonic hot carriers and explored the mechanisms in several typical C-C coupling reactions with 4-bromothiophenol (4-BTP) as reactants. The real-time experimental results suggest brand new mechanisms of the formation of C-C bonds on plasmonic metal nanoparticles (NPs): the residue of 4-BTP, but not thiophenol (TP), is responsible for the C-C coupling. Furthermore, this technique was extended to study the evolution of the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction on nonplasmonic palladium metals by establishing the charge transfer channels between palladium and Au NPs. The cleavage and formation of chemical bonds in each individual reaction step were discerned, and the corresponding working mechanisms were clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Wei
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Guoqun Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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8
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Hao Q, Peng Z, Wang J, Fan X, Li G, Zhao X, Ma L, Qiu T, Schmidt OG. Verification and Analysis of Single-Molecule SERS Events via Polarization-Selective Raman Measurement. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1046-1051. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Quantum Information Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Zhaohui Peng
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Guoqun Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Oliver G. Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
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9
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Fan X, Wei P, Li G, Li M, Lan L, Hao Q, Qiu T. Manipulating Hot-Electron Injection in Metal Oxide Heterojunction Array for Ultrasensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51618-51627. [PMID: 34674528 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient photoinduced charge transfer (PICT) resonance is crucial to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance of metal oxide substrates. Herein, we venture into the hot-electron injection strategy to achieve unprecedented enhanced PICT efficiency between substrates and molecules. A heterojunction array composed of plasmonic MoO2 and semiconducting WO3-x is designed to prove the concept. The plasmonic MoO2 generates intense localized surface plasmon resonance under illumination, which can generate near-field Raman enhancement as well as accompanied plasmon-induced hot-electrons. The hot-electron injection in direct interfacial charge transfer and plasmon-induced charge transfer process can effectively promote the PICT efficiency between substrates and molecules, achieving a record Raman enhancement factor among metal oxide substrates (2.12 × 108) and the ultrasensitive detection of target molecule down to 10-11 M. This work demonstrates the possibility of hot-electron manipulation to realize unprecedented Raman enhancement in metal oxides, offering a cutting-edge strategy to design high-performance SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Penghua Wei
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Guoqun Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Leilei Lan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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10
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Zhang H, Zhou M, Guo Y, Yu Z, Xu R, Wen L, Wang Y, Zhao H, Lei Y. Gas-Flow-Assisted Wrinkle-Free Transfer of a Centimeter-Scale Ultrathin Alumina Membrane onto Arbitrary Substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35124-35132. [PMID: 34261309 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of an ultrathin membrane onto arbitrary substrates is important in different practical fields. Conventional wet-transfer methods inevitably induce wrinkle defects as a result of the large contact angle of the trapped droplet between the membrane and the substrate. Here, we demonstrate a gas flow-assisted method (GFAM) to transfer centimeter (cm)-scale ultrathin membranes onto arbitrary substrates (including a curved substrate) without wrinkles. GFAM makes use of contact angle hysteresis to bulge the trapped droplet between the substrate and the ultrathin membrane and simultaneously stretch the ultrathin membrane during rapid dewetting driven by gas flow. Moreover, GFAM can be easily fulfilled by using compressed air for seconds. Compared with conventional hydrophilic treatments or organic liquid wetting, this method has no durability concern and does not change the surface nature of substrates. Taking a widely used ultrathin anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane as an example, we successfully demonstrate the application of a large-area wrinkle-free ultrathin AAO membrane to defect-free ordered nanostructure array fabrication and investigate the micro-scale details of macro-scale wrinkles generated by the conventional ways. In addition, its corresponding superiority over the defective counterpart is further studied in optical sensing. This method is highly valuable for promoting the simplicity of large-area ultrathin membrane transfer in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanming Zhang
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Min Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yaqiong Guo
- Auxiliary and Pressure Vessel Design Development Division, Harbin Boiler Company Limited, Harbin 150046, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tong Ji University, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Liaoyong Wen
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Yi Wang
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Huaping Zhao
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Yong Lei
- Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institute of Physics and IMN MacroNano, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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11
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Fernández-González C, Guzmán-Mínguez JC, Guedeja-Marrón A, García-Martín E, Foerster M, Niño MÁ, Aballe L, Quesada A, Pérez L, Ruiz-Gómez S. Scaling Up the Production of Electrodeposited Nanowires: A Roadmap towards Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1657. [PMID: 34202505 PMCID: PMC8307701 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of metallic nanowires is mostly reduced to scientific areas where a small quantity of nanostructures are needed. In order to broaden the applicability of these nanomaterials, it is necessary to establish novel synthesis protocols that provide a larger amount of nanowires than the conventional laboratory fabrication processes at a more competitive cost. In this work, we propose several modifications to the conventional electrochemical synthesis of nanowires in order to increase the production with considerably reduced production time and cost. To that end, we use a soft anodization procedure of recycled aluminum at room temperature to produce the alumina templates, followed by galvanostatic growth of CoFe nanowires. We studied their morphology, composition and magnetic configuration, and found that their properties are very similar to those obtained by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fernández-González
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (A.G.-M.)
| | | | - Alejandra Guedeja-Marrón
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (A.G.-M.)
| | | | - Michael Foerster
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.Á.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Niño
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.Á.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Lucía Aballe
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.Á.N.); (L.A.)
| | - Adrián Quesada
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.G.-M.); (A.Q.)
| | - Lucas Pérez
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.F.-G.); (A.G.-M.)
- Surface Science and Magnetism of Low Dimensional Systems, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Unidad Asociada al IQFR-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Ruiz-Gómez
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.Á.N.); (L.A.)
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12
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Döhler D, Triana A, Büttner P, Scheler F, Goerlitzer ESA, Harrer J, Vasileva A, Metwalli E, Gruber W, Unruh T, Manshina A, Vogel N, Bachmann J, Mínguez-Bacho I. A Self-Ordered Nanostructured Transparent Electrode of High Structural Quality and Corresponding Functional Performance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100487. [PMID: 33817974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a highly ordered nanostructured transparent electrode based on a combination of nanosphere lithography and anodization is presented. The size of perfectly ordered pore domains is improved by an order of magnitude with respect to the state of the art. The concomitantly reduced density of defect pores increases the fraction of pores that are in good electrical contact with the underlying transparent conductive substrate. This improvement in structural quality translates directly and linearly into an improved performance of energy conversion devices built from such electrodes in a linear manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Döhler
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrés Triana
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pascal Büttner
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eric S A Goerlitzer
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Harrer
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Vasileva
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gruber
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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13
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Yang B, Pan D, Sun L, Chen S, Wu W, Li B. Fabrication of Polymer Composite Fibers Embedding Ultra-Long Micro/Nanowires. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11040939. [PMID: 33917057 PMCID: PMC8067675 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of polymer composite fibers embedding ultra-long micro/nanowires via an iterative melt co-drawing and bundling technique is reported in this study. The poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) porous array templates were prepared with section-cutting the PMMA/polystyrene (PS) (shell/core) composite fibers and dissolution of inner PS. The results showed that the PS cores or pores in the PMMA matrix are regularly arranged with hexagonal, and their diameter and spacing exhibits a uniform distribution. Especially, the core diameter can be precisely controlled from millimeter-scale to nanometer-scale by multi-step melt co-drawing. Based on the PMMA porous array templates, the Cu nanowires were successfully prepared by electrochemical deposition. Moreover, to fabricate PMMA ultra-long micro/nanowires, the composite fibers with converse shell/core component of PS/PMMA were initially prepared, and then the outer PS was dissolved. The obtained PMMA micro/nanowires were characterized with smooth complete orientation structure. The study provides an experimental basis for fabricating such polymer composite fibers, micro/nano porous array templates, and micro/nanowires with precise and controllable manner to meet the real application requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Dawei Pan
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Laixi Sun
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Shufan Chen
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-081-62480872
| | - Weidong Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bo Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; (B.Y.); (D.P.); (L.S.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
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14
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Hao Q, Li M, Wang J, Fan X, Jiang J, Wang X, Zhu M, Qiu T, Ma L, Chu PK, Schmidt OG. Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Chip: A Universal Platform for Real-Time Interfacial Molecular Analysis with Femtomolar Sensitivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:54174-54180. [PMID: 33205645 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip as a versatile platform for femtomolar detection and real-time interfacial molecule analysis. The flexible SERS chip is composed of a flexible and transparent membrane and embedded plasmonic dimers with ultrahigh particle density and ultrasmall dimer gap. The chip enables rapid identification for residuals on solid substrates with irregular surfaces or dissolved analytes in aqueous solution. The sensitivity for liquid-state measurement is down to 0.06 molecule per dimers for 10-14 mol·L-1 Rhodamine 6G molecule without molecule enrichment. Strong signal fluctuation and blinking are observed at this concentration, indicating that the detection limit is close to the single-molecule level. Meanwhile, the homogeneous liquid environment facilities accurate SERS quantification of analytes with a wide dynamic range. The synergy of flexibility and liquid-state measurement opens up avenues for the real-time study of chemical reactions. The reduction from p-nitrothiophenol (PNTP) to p-aminothiophenol (PATP) in the absence of the chemical reducing agents is observed at liquid interfaces by in situ SERS measurements, and the plasmon-induced hot electron is demonstrated to drive the catalytic reaction. We believe this robust and feasible approach is promising in extending the SERS technique as a general method for identifying interfacial molecular traces, tracking the evolution of heterogeneous reactions, elucidating the reaction mechanisms, and evaluating the environmental effects such as pH value and salty ions in SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Quantum Information Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Minshen Zhu
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz 09111, Germany
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15
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferre-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Advances in Optical Biosensors and Sensors Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5068. [PMID: 32906635 PMCID: PMC7570681 DOI: 10.3390/s20185068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review paper focuses on recent progress in optical biosensors using self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina. We present the fabrication of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina, surface functionalization, and optical sensor applications. We show that self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina has good potential for use in the fabrication of antibody-based (immunosensor), aptamer-based (aptasensor), gene-based (genosensor), peptide-based, and enzyme-based optical biosensors. The fabricated optical biosensors presented high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, we also showed that the performance of the biosensors and the self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina can be used for assessing biomolecules, heavy ions, and gas molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.A.T.); (J.F.-B.)
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16
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Fan X, Hao Q, Li M, Zhang X, Yang X, Mei Y, Qiu T. Hotspots on the Move: Active Molecular Enrichment by Hierarchically Structured Micromotors for Ultrasensitive SERS Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:28783-28791. [PMID: 32469196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is recognized as one of the most sensitive spectroscopic tools for chemical and biological detections. Hotspots engineering has expedited promotion of SERS performance over the past few decades. Recently, molecular enrichment has proven to be another effective approach to improve the SERS performance. In this work, we propose a concept of "motile hotspots" to realize ultrasensitive SERS sensing by combining hotspots engineering and active molecular enrichment. High-density plasmonic nanostructure-supporting hotspots are assembled on the tubular outer wall of micromotors via nanoimprint and rolling origami techniques. The dense hotspots carried on these hierarchically structured micromotors (HSMs) can be magnet-powered to actively enrich molecules in fluid. The active enrichment manner of HSMs is revealed to be effective in accelerating the process of molecular adsorption. Consequently, SERS intensity increases significantly because of more molecules being adjacent to the hotspots after active molecular enrichment. This "motile hotspots" concept provides a synergistical approach in constructing a SERS platform with high performance. Moreover, the newly developed construction method of HSMs manifests the possibility of tailoring tubular length and diameter as well as surface patterns on the outer wall of HSMs, demonstrating good flexibility in constructing customized micromotors for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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17
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Lee JH, Luo J, Choi HK, Chueng STD, Lee KB, Choi JW. Functional nanoarrays for investigating stem cell fate and function. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9306-9326. [PMID: 32090229 PMCID: PMC7671654 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10963c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells show excellent potential in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine based on their excellent capability to not only self-renew but also differentiate into a specialized cell type of interest. However, the lack of a non-destructive monitoring system makes it challenging to identify and characterize differentiated cells before their transplantation without compromising cell viability. Thus, the development of a non-destructive monitoring method for analyzing cell function is highly desired and can significantly benefit stem cell-based therapies. Recently, nanomaterial-based scaffolds (e.g., nanoarrays) have made possible considerable advances in controlling the differentiation of stem cells and characterization of the differentiation status sensitively in real time. This review provides a selective overview of the recent progress in the synthesis methods of nanoarrays and their applications in controlling stem cell fate and monitoring live cell functions electrochemically. We believe that the topics discussed in this review can provide brief and concise guidelines for the development of novel nanoarrays and promote the interest in live cell study applications. A method which can not only control but also monitor stem cell fate and function will be a promising technology that can accelerate stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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18
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Yang C, Mu W, Ji C, Wang Z, Yuan H, Li K, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Shen W. Optical Device Based on a Nanopillar Array by the Pattern Transfer of an Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:36817-36823. [PMID: 31507169 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple and convenient nanofabrication method is proposed to achieve nanopillar arrays by the pattern transfer of an anodic aluminum oxide membrane, profiting from the rapid and efficient preparation process and regular hexagonal lattice patterns of the anodic aluminum oxide template. The taper angle of the nanopillar is affected by the distribution of the vapor particles during the deposition process, which is highly dependent on the material and deposition power. Based on this method, a novel scheme employing aluminum nanopillar arrays is demonstrated to realize the color tuning feature by simply varying the thickness of the top dielectric layer within a large range. The nanopillar arrays are completely covered by the thick dielectric layer atop due to the great conformality of the atomic layer deposition method that is used for the dielectric deposition. In addition, the color devices present good angular insensitivity up to 45°, resulting from the excited localized surface plasmon resonance within the metallic patches. The simple fabrication method is of great advantage to produce periodic nanostructures over large areas, which are widely used in designs and verifications of optical metasurfaces for various applications, including optical communication, imaging, sensing, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Wen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Chengang Ji
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Huaxin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Kan Li
- College of Science , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , China
| | - Xiaowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Yueguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Weidong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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Li K, Liu G, Zhang S, Dai Y, Ghafoor S, Huang W, Zu Z, Lu Y. A porous Au-Ag hybrid nanoparticle array with broadband absorption and high-density hotspots for stable SERS analysis. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9587-9592. [PMID: 31062804 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01744e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Constructing high-density hotspots is of crucial importance in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this paper, we present a large-area and broadband porous Au-Ag hybrid nanoparticle array which was fabricated by an ultra-thin alumina mask (UTAM) technique incorporated with annealing and galvanic replacement techniques. Experimental results and numerical simulations demonstrated that the porous Au-Ag hybrid nanoparticle array possessed enormous hotspots for high sensitivity, uniformity, and stability in SERS analysis. A large Raman enhancement factor of 2.2 × 107 was achieved with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 7.7%, leading to excellent reliability for Raman detection. Furthermore, this novel substrate exhibited a long shelf time in an ambient environment and promising practical applications in many SERS-based quantitative analytical and biomedical sensing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanguo Li
- College of Physics and Electronics Information & Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
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20
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Malinovskis U, Poplausks R, Erts D, Ramser K, Tamulevičius S, Tamulevičienė A, Gu Y, Prikulis J. High-Density Plasmonic Nanoparticle Arrays Deposited on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Templates for Optical Sensor Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E531. [PMID: 30987127 PMCID: PMC6523383 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a new, robust, and accessible deposition technique of metal nanoparticle arrays (NPAs), which uses nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) as a template for capillary force-assisted convective colloid (40, 60, and 80 nm diameter Au) assembly. The NPA density and nanoparticle size can be independently tuned by the anodization conditions and colloid synthesis protocols. This enables production of non-touching variable-density NPAs with controllable gaps in the 20-60 nm range. The NPA nearest neighbor center distance in the present study was fixed to 100 nm by the choice of anodization protocol. The obtained Au NPAs have the resonant scattering maxima in the visible spectral range, with a refractometric sensitivity, which can be tuned by the variation of the array density. The thickness of the NAA layer in an Aluminum-NAA-NPA multilayer system enables further tuning of the resonance frequency and optimization for use with specific molecules, e.g., to avoid absorption bands. Applicability of the mentioned multilayers for colorimetric refractive index (RI) sensing is demonstrated. Their use as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrates is tested using hemoglobin as a biological probe molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uldis Malinovskis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Raimonds Poplausks
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Donats Erts
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Kerstin Ramser
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Sigitas Tamulevičius
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, 59 K. Baršausko St., LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Asta Tamulevičienė
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, 59 K. Baršausko St., LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Yesong Gu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan.
| | - Juris Prikulis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia.
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21
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Cai Y, Huang L, Wang H, Dong W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Liu Y, Li G, Shang F, Tong H. Facile fabrication of 2D hetero core-satellites patterned Ag nanoparticle arrays with tunable plasmonic bands for SERS detection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:125701. [PMID: 30572325 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aafa26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A core-satellites metal nanostructure with high local electromagnetic (EM) intensity and density has shown great potential in ultrasensitive detection technologies, but complexity and uncontrollability of fabrication is a major obstacle for further application. Here, only by controlling the deposited Ag thickness, we facilely achieved 2D hetero core-satellites patterned Ag nanoparticle (NP) arrays for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The Ag nanoparticles were assembled by electron beam evaporation of Ag onto the anodized patterned aluminum template (APAlT) at a temperature above 0.24 times the melting point of Ag. The plasmonic bands can be continuously tuned from the visible to near-infrared region. The SERS enhancement factor (EF) and relative standard deviation (RSD) of as-prepared SERS active substrates for R6G molecules reached 107 and about 5%, respectively, and a SERS detection limit down to 10-9 M was obtained. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations revealed that the high SERS activity originates mainly from the local electromagnetic (EM) enhancement in the gaps between the core and satellites. The simple and controllable fabrication strategy and superior SERS performance make the 2D hetero core-satellites patterned Ag NPs arrays promising candidates for SERS-based sensor applications and provide a new approach for developing an inexpensive, efficient, and mass-produced SERS active substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Cai
- Non-equilibrium Condensed Matter and Quantum Engineering Laboratory, The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
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Air-like plasmonics with ultralow-refractive-index silica aerogels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2265. [PMID: 30783170 PMCID: PMC6381121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coupling of the surface plasmon near-field into the sensing medium is key to the sensitivity of surface plasmon-based sensing devices. A low-index dielectric is necessary for the sensing medium to support a highly-penetrating surface plasmon evanescent field that extends well into the dielectric medium. The air-like refractive index, n, of an aerogel substrate provides another dimension for ultralow-index plasmonic devices. In this paper, we experimentally observed an angular surface plasmon resonance dip at 74° with the ultralow-index aerogel substrate, as was expected from theory. We also demonstrated the comparatively high-sensitivity surface plasmon resonance wavelength, λ, while the change in Δλ/Δn with different substrates was studied in detail. A 740 nm-period metal grating was imprinted on aerogel (n = 1.08) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS; n = 1.4) substrates. The ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared spectra were observed in the reflection mode on the grating, resulting in sensitivities of 740.2 and 655.9 nm/RIU for the aerogel and PDMS substrates, respectively. Numerical simulations were performed to understand the near-field of the surface plasmon, which demonstrated resonances well correlated with the experimentally observed results. The near-field due to excitation of the surface plasmon polaritons is observed to be more confined and to penetrate deeper into the sensing medium when a low-index substrate is used.
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23
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Hou X, Luo X, Fan X, Peng Z, Qiu T. Plasmon-coupled charge transfer in WO 3-x semiconductor nanoarrays: toward highly uniform silver-comparable SERS platforms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2611-2618. [PMID: 30657494 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07305h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal oxide semiconductors have been explored in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrates, yet their detection sensitivity and enhancement effects are inferior. What's more, the reported fabrication technique ignored the effects of the electromagnetic mechanisms and was far from satisfactory for practical applications. Herein, we report on a convenient nanotechnique to fabricate large-area hexagon plum-blossom-like WO3-x nanoarrays based on aluminum nanobowl array substrates. Localized surface plasmon resonance can be increased via adjusting the time of tungsten magnetron sputtering with H2 annealing treatment. The introduction of a double-switch experiment demonstrates that localized surface plasmon-coupled photoinduced charge transfer can not only increase SERS enhancement comparable to similar silver nanostructures but also implement a low limit of detection below 10-9 M. A triple-switch experiment offers specific rules in the molecular detection of WO3-x semiconductors and important guidance for the fabrication of SERS-active semiconducting platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Hou
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China.
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24
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Madejski G, Lucas K, Pascut FC, Webb KF, McGrath JL. TEM Tomography of Pores with Application to Computational Nanoscale Flows in Nanoporous Silicon Nitride (NPN). MEMBRANES 2018; 8:membranes8020026. [PMID: 29865242 PMCID: PMC6027491 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Silicon nanomembrane technologies (NPN, pnc-Si, and others) have been used commercially as electron microscopy (EM) substrates, and as filters with nanometer-resolution size cut-offs. Combined with EM, these materials provide a platform for catching or suspending nanoscale-size structures for analysis. Usefully, the nanomembrane itself can be manufactured to achieve a variety of nanopore topographies. The size, shapes, and surfaces of nanopores will influence transport, fouling, sieving, and electrical behavior. Electron tomography (ET) techniques used to recreate nanoscale-sized structures would provide an excellent way to capture this variation. Therefore, we modified a sample holder to accept our standardized 5.4 mm × 5.4 mm silicon nanomembrane chips and imaged NPN nanomembranes (50–100 nm thick, 10–100 nm nanopore diameters) using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After imaging and ET reconstruction using a series of freely available tools (ImageJ, TomoJ, SEG3D2, Meshlab), we used COMSOL Multiphysics™ to simulate fluid flow inside a reconstructed nanopore. The results show flow profiles with significantly more complexity than a simple cylindrical model would predict, with regions of stagnation inside the nanopores. We expect that such tomographic reconstructions of ultrathin nanopores will be valuable in elucidating the physics that underlie the many applications of silicon nanomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Madejski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - Kilean Lucas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - Flavius C Pascut
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Kevin F Webb
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - James L McGrath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
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25
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Poplausks R, Jevdokimovs D, Malinovskis U, Erts D, Prikulis J. Variable Thickness Porous Anodic Alumina/Metal Film Bilayers for Optimization of Plasmonic Scattering by Nanoholes on Mirror. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5783-5788. [PMID: 31458778 PMCID: PMC6641977 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuously variable thickness porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAAO) films were obtained using electrochemical oxidation of bulk aluminum sheet while both electrodes were simultaneously withdrawn from the electrolyte solution. The thickness gradient was controlled by the withdrawal rate (1-10 mm/min range) and thickness variation demonstrated from below 50 nm to above 1 micrometer. The thickness increased linearly with the sample lateral coordinate, whereas the nanopore structure (diameter and interpore distance) remained unchanged. Effects of the initial pore growth and capillary forces are discussed. The presented method can be used for tuning optimal PAAO thickness for optical and other applications as exemplified by finding maximum plasmonic scattering in structured Al-PAAO-Au multilayers. Enhanced scattering from porous gold film separated by a specific-thickness PAAO layer from aluminum mirror surface is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimonds Poplausks
- Institute
of Chemical Physics and Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Daniels Jevdokimovs
- Institute
of Chemical Physics and Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Uldis Malinovskis
- Institute
of Chemical Physics and Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Donats Erts
- Institute
of Chemical Physics and Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
| | - Juris Prikulis
- Institute
of Chemical Physics and Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga LV-1586, Latvia
- E-mail:
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26
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Hao Q, Li W, Xu H, Wang J, Yin Y, Wang H, Ma L, Ma F, Jiang X, Schmidt OG, Chu PK. VO 2 /TiN Plasmonic Thermochromic Smart Coatings for Room-Temperature Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705421. [PMID: 29349814 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide/titanium nitride (VO2 /TiN) smart coatings are prepared by hybridizing thermochromic VO2 with plasmonic TiN nanoparticles. The VO2 /TiN coatings can control infrared (IR) radiation dynamically in accordance with the ambient temperature and illumination intensity. It blocks IR light under strong illumination at 28 °C but is IR transparent under weak irradiation conditions or at a low temperature of 20 °C. The VO2 /TiN coatings exhibit a good integral visible transmittance of up to 51% and excellent IR switching efficiency of 48% at 2000 nm. These unique advantages make VO2 /TiN promising as smart energy-saving windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hao
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wan Li
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huiyan Xu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yin Yin
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Center for Biomedical Materials and Interfaces, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuchuan Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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27
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The effects of adjusting pulse anodization parameters on the surface morphology and properties of a WO3 photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-3911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Hao Q, Huang H, Fan X, Yin Y, Wang J, Li W, Qiu T, Ma L, Chu PK, Schmidt OG. Controlled Patterning of Plasmonic Dimers by Using an Ultrathin Nanoporous Alumina Membrane as a Shadow Mask. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36199-36205. [PMID: 28948758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report on design and fabrication of patterned plasmonic dimer arrays by using an ultrathin anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane as a shadow mask. This strategy allows for controllable fabrication of plasmonic dimers where the location, size, and orientation of each particle in the dimer pairs can be independently tuned. Particularly, plasmonic dimers with ultrasmall nanogaps down to the sub-10 nm scale as well as a large dimer density up to 1.0 × 1010 cm-2 are fabricated over a centimeter-sized area. The plasmonic dimers exhibit significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement with a polarization-dependent behavior, which is well interpreted by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Our results reveal a facile approach for controllable fabrication of large-area dimer arrays, which is of fundamental interest for plasmon-based applications in surface-enhanced spectroscopy, biochemical sensing, and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Hao
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Physics, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xingce Fan
- Department of Physics, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Yin Yin
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology , Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wan Li
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden , Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology , Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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29
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Abstract
We mimic unique honeycomb structure as well as its functions of storing honey and pollen to assemble Au nanoparticle pattern on honeycomb-like Al nanobowl array by utilizing solid state dewetting process. Patterned Au nanoarrays of ‘one particle per bowl’ with tunable plasmonic bands ranging from the visible to the near-infrared region are fabricated by finely selecting the initial thickness of Au film, the geometry of Al nanobowl array and the thermal treatment parameters. This work presents a powerful approach to assemble Au nanoparticles into high density nanoarrays with superior spatial resolution, offering highly concentrated electromagnetic fields for plasmonic sensor applications.
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