1
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Hannachi A, El Bakri Y, Saravanan K, Gómez-García CJ, Abuelizz HA, Al-Salahi R, Smirani W. Metamagnetism and canted antiferromagnetic ordering in two monomeric Co II complexes with 1-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazine. Hirshfeld surface analysis and theoretical studies. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11557-11569. [PMID: 38601708 PMCID: PMC11004733 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00716f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we present the magnetic properties of two cobalt complexes formulated as: [Co(SCN)2(L)2] (1) and (H2L)2[Co(SCN)4]·H2O (2) (L = 1-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazine). The two compounds contain isolated tetrahedral CoII complexes with important intermolecular interactions that lead to the presence of a canted antiferromagnetic order below 11.5 and 10.0 K, with coercive fields at 2 K of 38 and 68 mT, respectively. Theoretical calculations have been used to explain this behaviour. Hirshfeld surface analysis shows the presence of strong intermolecular interactions in both compounds. The crystal geometries were used for geometry optimization using the DFT method. From the topological properties, electrostatic potential maps and molecular orbital analysis, information about the noncovalent interaction and chemical reactivity was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Hannachi
- Laboratory of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte Tunisia
| | - Youness El Bakri
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, South Ural State University Lenin Prospect 76 Chelyabinsk 454080 Russian Federation
| | | | - Carlos J Gómez-García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia C/Dr Moliner 50, 46100 Burjasot Valencia Spain
| | - Hatem A Abuelizz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajda Smirani
- Laboratory of Material Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte Tunisia
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2
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Kisiček V, Dominko D, Čulo M, Rapljenović Ž, Kuveždić M, Dragičević M, Berger H, Rocquefelte X, Herak M, Ivek T. Spin-Reorientation-Driven Linear Magnetoelectric Effect in Topological Antiferromagnet Cu_{3}TeO_{6}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:096701. [PMID: 38489626 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.096701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The search for new materials for energy-efficient electronic devices has gained unprecedented importance. Among the various classes of magnetic materials driving this search are antiferromagnets, magnetoelectrics, and systems with topological spin excitations. Cu_{3}TeO_{6} is a material that belongs to all three of these classes. Combining static electric polarization and magnetic torque measurements with phenomenological simulations we demonstrate that magnetic-field-induced spin reorientation needs to be taken into account to understand the linear magnetoelectric effect in Cu_{3}TeO_{6}. Our calculations reveal that the magnetic field pushes the system from the nonpolar ground state to the polar magnetic structures. However, nonpolar structures only weakly differing from the obtained polar ones exist due to the weak effect that the field-induced breaking of some symmetries has on the calculated structures. Among those symmetries is the PT (1[over ¯]^{'}) symmetry, preserved for Dirac points found in Cu_{3}TeO_{6}. Our findings establish Cu_{3}TeO_{6} as a promising playground to study the interplay of spintronics-related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Kisiček
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Physics, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Damir Dominko
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matija Čulo
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Marko Kuveždić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Helmuth Berger
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Rocquefelte
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mirta Herak
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Ivek
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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3
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Deng S, Gomonay O, Chen J, Fischer G, He L, Wang C, Huang Q, Shen F, Tan Z, Zhou R, Hu Z, Šmejkal L, Sinova J, Wernsdorfer W, Sürgers C. Phase transitions associated with magnetic-field induced topological orbital momenta in a non-collinear antiferromagnet. Nat Commun 2024; 15:822. [PMID: 38280875 PMCID: PMC10821865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistivity measurements are widely exploited to uncover electronic excitations and phase transitions in metallic solids. While single crystals are preferably studied to explore crystalline anisotropies, these usually cancel out in polycrystalline materials. Here we show that in polycrystalline Mn3Zn0.5Ge0.5N with non-collinear antiferromagnetic order, changes in the diagonal and, rather unexpected, off-diagonal components of the resistivity tensor occur at low temperatures indicating subtle transitions between magnetic phases of different symmetry. This is supported by neutron scattering and explained within a phenomenological model which suggests that the phase transitions in magnetic field are associated with field induced topological orbital momenta. The fact that we observe transitions between spin phases in a polycrystal, where effects of crystalline anisotropy are cancelled suggests that they are only controlled by exchange interactions. The observation of an off-diagonal resistivity extends the possibilities for realising antiferromagnetic spintronics with polycrystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Deng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76049, Germany.
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China.
| | - Olena Gomonay
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Gerda Fischer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76049, Germany
| | - Lunhua He
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qingzhen Huang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Feiran Shen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Zhijian Tan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ze Hu
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Libor Šmejkal
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jairo Sinova
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76049, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76021, Germany
| | - Christoph Sürgers
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76049, Germany.
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Yang J, Suwa H, Meyers D, Zhang H, Horak L, Zhang Z, Karapetrova E, Kim JW, Ryan PJ, Dean MPM, Hao L, Liu J. Extraordinary Magnetic Response of an Anisotropic 2D Antiferromagnet via Site Dilution. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11409-11415. [PMID: 38095312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
A prominent characteristic of 2D magnetic systems is the enhanced spin fluctuations, which reduce the ordering temperature. We report that a magnetic field of only 1000th of the Heisenberg superexchange interaction can induce a crossover, which for practical purposes is the effective ordering transition, at temperatures about 6 times the Néel transition in a site-diluted two-dimensional anisotropic quantum antiferromagnet. Such a strong magnetic response is enabled because the system directly enters the antiferromagnetically ordered state from the isotropic disordered state, skipping the intermediate anisotropic stage. The underlying mechanism is achieved on a pseudospin-half square lattice realized in the [(SrIrO3)1/(SrTiO3)2] superlattice thin film that is designed to linearly couple the staggered magnetization to external magnetic fields by virtue of the rotational symmetry-preserving Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Our model analysis shows that the skipping of the anisotropic regime despite finite anisotropy is due to the enhanced isotropic fluctuations under moderate dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Hidemaro Suwa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Derek Meyers
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Lukas Horak
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Evguenia Karapetrova
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Philip J Ryan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Mark P M Dean
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Lin Hao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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5
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Ritzinger P, Výborný K. Anisotropic magnetoresistance: materials, models and applications. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230564. [PMID: 37859834 PMCID: PMC10582618 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of certain (conductive and otherwise isotropic) ferromagnets turns out to exhibit anisotropy with respect to the direction of magnetization: R ∥ for magnetization parallel to the electric current direction is different from R⊥ for magnetization perpendicular to the electric current direction. In this review, this century-old phenomenon is reviewed both from the perspective of materials and physical mechanisms involved. More recently, this effect has also been identified and studied in antiferromagnets. To date, sensors based on the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect are widely used in different fields, such as the automotive industry, aerospace or in biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ritzinger
- FZU—Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnická 10, Praha 6 16253, Czech Republic
- MFF—Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, Praha 2 12000, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Výborný
- FZU—Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnická 10, Praha 6 16253, Czech Republic
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6
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Blank TGH, Grishunin KA, Ivanov BA, Mashkovich EA, Afanasiev D, Kimel AV. Empowering Control of Antiferromagnets by THz-Induced Spin Coherence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:096701. [PMID: 37721841 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.096701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Finding efficient and ultrafast ways to control antiferromagnets is believed to be instrumental in unlocking their potential for magnetic devices operating at THz frequencies. Still, it is challenged by the absence of net magnetization in the ground state. Here, we show that the magnetization emerging from a state of coherent spin precession in antiferromagnetic iron borate FeBO_{3} can be used to enable the nonlinear coupling of light to another, otherwise weakly susceptible, mode of spin precession. This nonlinear mechanism can facilitate conceptually new ways of controlling antiferromagnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G H Blank
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - K A Grishunin
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B A Ivanov
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Magnetism, National Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education and Science, 03142 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - E A Mashkovich
- Institute of Physics II, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - D Afanasiev
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A V Kimel
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Zheng Z, Gu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhao T, Li H, Ren L, Jia L, Xiao R, Zhou HA, Zhang Q, Shi S, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Shen L, Zhao W, Chen J. Coexistence of Magnon-Induced and Rashba-Induced Unidirectional Magnetoresistance in Antiferromagnets. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37418477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) has been intensively studied in ferromagnetic systems, which is mainly induced by spin-dependent and spin-flip electron scattering. Yet, UMR in antiferromagnetic (AFM) systems has not been fully understood to date. In this work, we reported UMR in a YFeO3/Pt heterostructure where YFeO3 is a typical AFM insulator. Magnetic-field dependence and temperature dependence of transport measurements indicate that magnon dynamics and interfacial Rashba splitting are two individual origins for AFM UMR, which is consistent with the UMR theory in ferromagnetic systems. We further established a comprehensive theoretical model that incorporates micromagnetic simulation, density functional theory calculation, and the tight-binding model, which explain the observed AFM UMR phenomenon well. Our work sheds light on the intrinsic transport property of the AFM system and may facilitate the development of AFM spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Youdi Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Spintronics, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Tieyang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Huihui Li
- Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Lizhu Ren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Lanxin Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Heng-An Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Qihan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shu Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Yue Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Spintronics, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Weisheng Zhao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Spintronics, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- Chongqing Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Chongqing 401120, China
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8
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Ding N, Yananose K, Rizza C, Fan FR, Dong S, Stroppa A. Magneto-optical Kerr Effect in Ferroelectric Antiferromagnetic Two-Dimensional Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22282-22290. [PMID: 37078781 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We studied the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) of two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure CrI3/In2Se3/CrI3 using density functional theory calculations and symmetry analysis. The spontaneous polarization in the In2Se3 ferroelectric layer and the antiferromagnetic ordering in CrI3 layers break the mirror and the time-reversal symmetry, thus activating MOKE. We show that the Kerr angle can be reversed by either the polarization or the antiferromagnetic order parameter. Our results suggest that ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic 2D heterostructures could be exploited for ultracompact information storage devices, where the information is encoded by the two ferroelectric or the two time-reversed antiferromagnetic states and the read-out is performed optically by MOKE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 21189, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunihiro Yananose
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlo Rizza
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Feng-Ren Fan
- Department of Physics and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Dong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 21189, People's Republic of China
| | - Alessandro Stroppa
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for Superconducting and Innovative Materials and Devices (CNR-SPIN), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
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9
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Janus W, Ślęzak T, Ślęzak M, Szpytma M, Dróżdż P, Nayyef H, Mandziak A, Wilgocka-Ślęzak D, Zając M, Jugovac M, Menteş TO, Locatelli A, Kozioł-Rachwał A. Tunable magnetic anisotropy of antiferromagnetic NiO in (Fe)/NiO/MgO/Cr/MgO(001) epitaxial multilayers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4824. [PMID: 36964276 PMCID: PMC10039026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic NiO(001) thin films in epitaxially grown NiO/MgO(dMgO)/Cr/MgO(001) system for different thicknesses of MgO, dMgO. Results of X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism show that together with an increase of dMgO, rotation of NiO spins from in-plane towards out-of-plane direction occurs. Furthermore, we investigated how the proximity of Fe modifies the magnetic state of NiO in Fe/NiO/MgO(dMgO)/Cr/MgO(001). We proved the existence of a multidomain state in NiO as a result of competition between the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet exchange coupling and strain exerted on the NiO by the MgO buffer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Janus
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland.
| | - T Ślęzak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Ślęzak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Szpytma
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - P Dróżdż
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - H Nayyef
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Mandziak
- SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Wilgocka-Ślęzak
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Zając
- SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Jugovac
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - T O Menteş
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Locatelli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.P.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Kozioł-Rachwał
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
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10
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Salazar-Rodriguez R, Aliaga Guerra D, Greneche JM, Taddei KM, Checca-Huaman NR, Passamani EC, Ramos-Guivar JA. Presence of Induced Weak Ferromagnetism in Fe-Substituted YFe xCr 1-xO 3 Crystalline Compounds. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3516. [PMID: 36234644 PMCID: PMC9565242 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fe-substituted YFexCr1-xO3 crystalline compounds show promising magnetic and multiferroic properties. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of several compositions from this series. Using the autocombustion route, various compositions (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.6, 0.75, 0.9, and 1) were synthesized as high-quality crystalline powders. In order to obtain microscopic and atomic information about their structure and magnetism, characterization was performed using room temperature X-ray diffraction and energy dispersion analysis as well as temperature-dependent neutron diffraction, magnetometry, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry. Rietveld analysis of the diffraction data revealed a crystallite size of 84 (8) nm for YFeO3, while energy dispersion analysis indicated compositions close to the nominal compositions. The magnetic results suggested an enhancement of the weak ferromagnetism for the YFeO3 phase due to two contributions. First, a high magnetocrystalline anisotropy was associated with the crystalline character that favored a unique high canting angle of the antiferromagnetic phase (13°), as indicated by the neutron diffraction analysis. This was also evidenced by the high magnetic hysteresis curves up to 90 kOe by a remarkable high critical coercivity value of 46.7 kOe at room temperature. Second, the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions between homogenous and heterogeneous magnetic pairs resulted from the inhomogeneous distribution of Fe3+ and Cr3+ ions, as indicated by 57Fe Mössbauer studies. Together, these results point to new methods of controlling the magnetic properties of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salazar-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI), Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Rímac, Lima 15333, Peru
| | - Domingo Aliaga Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (UNI), Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Rímac, Lima 15333, Peru
| | - Jean-Marc Greneche
- Institut des Molécules and Matériaux du Mans (IMMM UMR CNRS 6283), University Le Mans, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, Cedex 9, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Keith M. Taddei
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Noemi-Raquel Checca-Huaman
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), R. Xavier Sigaud, 150, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Edson C. Passamani
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Juan A. Ramos-Guivar
- Grupo de Investigación de Nanotecnología Aplicada para Biorremediación Ambiental, Energía, Biomedicina y Agricultura (NANOTECH), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Venezuela Cdra 34 S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Lima 15081, Peru
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11
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Filippou PC, Faleev SV, Garg C, Jeong J, Ferrante Y, Topuria T, Samant MG, Parkin SSP. Heusler-based synthetic antiferrimagnets. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabg2469. [PMID: 35196092 PMCID: PMC8865768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnet spintronic devices eliminate or mitigate long-range dipolar fields, thereby promising ultrafast operation. For spin transport electronics, one of the most successful strategies is the creation of metallic synthetic antiferromagnets, which, to date, have largely been formed from transition metals and their alloys. Here, we show that synthetic antiferrimagnetic sandwiches can be formed using exchange coupling spacer layers composed of atomically ordered RuAl layers and ultrathin, perpendicularly magnetized, tetragonal ferrimagnetic Heusler layers. Chemically ordered RuAl layers can both be grown on top of a Heusler layer and allow for the growth of ordered Heusler layers deposited on top of it that are as thin as one unit cell. The RuAl spacer layer gives rise to a thickness-dependent oscillatory interlayer coupling with an oscillation period of ~1.1 nm. The observation of ultrathin ordered synthetic antiferrimagnets substantially expands the family of synthetic antiferromagnets and magnetic compounds for spintronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chirag Garg
- IBM Research–Almaden, San Jose, CA 95120, USA
| | - Jaewoo Jeong
- Samsung Semiconductor Inc., San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stuart S. P. Parkin
- Max Plank Institute for Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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12
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Arekapudi SSPK, Bülz D, Ganss F, Samad F, Luo C, Zahn DRT, Lenz K, Salvan G, Albrecht M, Hellwig O. Highly Tunable Magnetic and Magnetotransport Properties of Exchange Coupled Ferromagnet/Antiferromagnet-Based Heterostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:59497-59510. [PMID: 34870974 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnets (AFMs) with zero net magnetization are proposed as active elements in future spintronic devices. Depending on the critical film thickness and measurement temperature, bimetallic Mn-based alloys and transition-metal oxide-based AFMs can host various coexisting ordered, disordered, and frustrated AFM phases. Such coexisting phases in the exchange coupled ferromagnetic (FM)/AFM-based heterostructures can result in unusual magnetic and magnetotransport phenomena. Here, we integrate chemically disordered AFM γ-IrMn3 thin films with coexisting AFM phases into complex exchange coupled MgO(001)/γ-Ni3Fe/γ-IrMn3/γ-Ni3Fe/CoO heterostructures and study the structural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties in various magnetic field cooling states. In particular, we unveil the impact of rotating the relative orientation of the thermally disordered and reversible AFM moments with respect to the irreversible AFM moments on the magnetic and magnetotransport properties of the exchange coupled heterostructures. We further reveal that the persistence of thermally disordered and reversible AFM moments is crucial for achieving highly tunable magnetic properties and multilevel magnetoresistance states. We anticipate that the presented approach and the heterostructure architecture can be utilized in future spintronic devices to manipulate the thermally disordered and reversible AFM moments at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Bülz
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Fabian Ganss
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Fabian Samad
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chen Luo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics of Functional Spin Systems, Technical University Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Kilian Lenz
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Manfred Albrecht
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Olav Hellwig
- Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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13
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Stebliy ME, Kolesnikov AG, Bazrov MA, Letushev ME, Ognev AV, Davydenko AV, Stebliy EV, Kozlov AG, Wang X, Wan C, Fang C, Zhao M, Han X, Samardak AS. Current-Induced Manipulation of the Exchange Bias in a Pt/Co/NiO Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:42258-42265. [PMID: 34427434 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An experimental study of the phenomenon of electric current influence on the value and orientation of the exchange bias field (HEB) in the Pt/Co/NiO structure is carried out. Depending on the direction of the magnetization in a ferromagnet (FM) layer and the current pulse amplitude, the value of the HEB field can be changed repeatedly in the range of ±7.5 mT. A few experiments are performed to separate the contributions from two current-induced effects: (i) an injection of the spin current into an antiferromagnet layer (AFM) and (ii) Joule heating. As a result, we conclude that the modification in the HEB field during current pulse transmission in the Pt/Co/NiO structure is due to heating and the low value of Néel temperature (TN = 162 °C). This fact explains the absence of the exchange bias effect on the spin-orbit torque (SOT)-assisted magnetization switching. The most striking observation to emerge from the experimental data analysis is that depending on the initial spin configuration of the domain structure in the FM layer and the current pulse amplitude, the exchange bias can be changed locally. This opens up prospects for creating exchange-coupled FM/AFM structures with dynamically tuned parameters of the exchange bias, which can be used for the development of magnetic memory, neuromorphic, and logic devices based on magnetic nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim E Stebliy
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | | | - Michail A Bazrov
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Michail E Letushev
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Alexey V Ognev
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Aleksandr V Davydenko
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Stebliy
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Aleksei G Kozlov
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Caihua Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chi Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingkun Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiufeng Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Alexander S Samardak
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
- National Research South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
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14
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Reversible hydrogen control of antiferromagnetic anisotropy in α-Fe 2O 3. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1668. [PMID: 33712582 PMCID: PMC7954816 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiferromagnetic insulators are a ubiquitous class of magnetic materials, holding the promise of low-dissipation spin-based computing devices that can display ultra-fast switching and are robust against stray fields. However, their imperviousness to magnetic fields also makes them difficult to control in a reversible and scalable manner. Here we demonstrate a novel proof-of-principle ionic approach to control the spin reorientation (Morin) transition reversibly in the common antiferromagnetic insulator α-Fe2O3 (haematite) – now an emerging spintronic material that hosts topological antiferromagnetic spin-textures and long magnon-diffusion lengths. We use a low-temperature catalytic-spillover process involving the post-growth incorporation or removal of hydrogen from α-Fe2O3 thin films. Hydrogenation drives pronounced changes in its magnetic anisotropy, Néel vector orientation and canted magnetism via electron injection and local distortions. We explain these effects with a detailed magnetic anisotropy model and first-principles calculations. Tailoring our work for future applications, we demonstrate reversible control of the room-temperature spin-state by doping/expelling hydrogen in Rh-substituted α-Fe2O3. One major challenge for antiferromagnetic spintronics is how to control the antiferromagnetic state. Here Jani et al. demonstrate the reversible ionic control of the room-temperature magnetic anisotropy and spin reorientation transition in haematite, via the incorporation and removal of hydrogen.
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15
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Zhao Y, Zhao S, Wang L, Wang S, Du Y, Zhao Y, Jin S, Min T, Tian B, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Liu M. Photovoltaic modulation of ferromagnetism within a FM metal/P-N junction Si heterostructure. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:272-279. [PMID: 33332513 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07911a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining small, fast, and energy-efficient spintronic devices requires a new way of manipulating spin states in an effective manner. Here, a prototype photovoltaic spintronic device with a p-n junction Si wafer is proposed which generates photo-induced electrons and changes the ferromagnetism by interfacial charge doping. A ferromagnetic resonance field change of 48.965 mT and 11.306 mT is achieved in Co and CoFeB thin films under sunlight illumination, respectively. The transient reflection (TR) analysis and the first principles calculation reveal the photovoltaic electrons that are doped into the magnetic layer and alter its Fermi level, correspondingly. This finding provides a new method of magnetism modulation and demonstrates a solar-driven spintronic device with abundant energy supply, which may further expand the landscape of spintronics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, the International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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16
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Slęzak M, Dróżdż P, Janus W, Nayyef H, Kozioł-Rachwał A, Szpytma M, Zając M, Menteş TO, Genuzio F, Locatelli A, Slęzak T. Fine tuning of ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface magnetic anisotropy for field-free switching of antiferromagnetic spins. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:18091-18095. [PMID: 32856646 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04193a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that in a uniform thickness NiO(111)/Fe(110) epitaxial bilayer system, at given temperature near 300 K, two magnetic states with orthogonal spin orientations can be stabilized in antiferromagnetic NiO. Field-free, reversible switching between these two antiferromagnetic states is demonstrated. The observed phenomena arise from the unique combination of precisely tuned interface magnetic anisotropy, thermal hysteresis of spin reorientation transition and interfacial ferromagnet/antiferromagnet exchange coupling. The possibility of field-free switching between two magnetic states in an antiferromagnet is fundamentally interesting and can lead to new ideas in heat assisted magnetic recording technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Slęzak
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - P Dróżdż
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - W Janus
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - H Nayyef
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - A Kozioł-Rachwał
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - M Szpytma
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
| | - M Zając
- National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - T O Menteş
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Genuzio
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Locatelli
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - T Slęzak
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland.
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17
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Zhang H, Hao L, Yang J, Mutch J, Liu Z, Huang Q, Noordhoek K, May AF, Chu JH, Kim JW, Ryan PJ, Zhou H, Liu J. Comprehensive Electrical Control of Metamagnetic Transition of a Quasi-2D Antiferromagnet by In Situ Anisotropic Strain. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002451. [PMID: 32697370 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective nonmagnetic control of the spin structure is at the forefront of the study for functional quantum materials. This study demonstrates that, by applying an anisotropic strain up to only 0.05%, the metamagnetic transition field of spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulator Sr2 IrO4 can be in situ modulated by almost 300%. Simultaneous measurements of resonant X-ray scattering and transport reveal that this drastic response originates from the complete strain-tuning of the transition between the spin-flop and spin-flip limits, and is always accompanied by large elastoconductance and magnetoconductance. This enables electrically controllable and electronically detectable metamagnetic switching, despite the antiferromagnetic insulating state. The obtained strain-magnetic field phase diagram reveals that C4 -symmetry-breaking anisotropy is introduced by strain via pseudospin-lattice coupling, directly demonstrating the pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect of spin-orbit-coupled complex oxides. The extracted coupling strength is much weaker than the superexchange interactions, yet crucial for the spontaneous symmetry-breaking, affording the remarkably efficient strain-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Josh Mutch
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Kyle Noordhoek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Andrew F May
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jiun-Haw Chu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jong-Woo Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Philip J Ryan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 11, Ireland
| | - Haidong Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, 217A A. H. Nielsen Physics Building, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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18
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Yang CY, Pan L, Grutter AJ, Wang H, Che X, He QL, Wu Y, Gilbert DA, Shafer P, Arenholz E, Wu H, Yin G, Deng P, Borchers JA, Ratcliff W, Wang KL. Termination switching of antiferromagnetic proximity effect in topological insulator. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz8463. [PMID: 32851159 PMCID: PMC7423361 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz8463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the ferromagnetism of topological insulator, (Bi,Sb)2Te3 (BST), with a Curie temperature of approximately 120 K induced by magnetic proximity effect (MPE) of an antiferromagnetic CrSe. The MPE was shown to be highly dependent on the stacking order of the heterostructure, as well as the interface symmetry: Growing CrSe on top of BST results in induced ferromagnetism, while growing BST on CrSe yielded no evidence of an MPE. Cr-termination in the former case leads to double-exchange interactions between Cr3+ surface states and Cr2+ bulk states. This Cr3+-Cr2+ exchange stabilizes the ferromagnetic order localized at the interface and magnetically polarizes the BST Sb band. In contrast, Se-termination at the CrSe/BST interface yields no detectable MPE. These results directly confirm the MPE in BST films and provide critical insights into the sensitivity of the surface state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yao Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander J. Grutter
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
| | - Haiying Wang
- College of Physics and Material Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qing Lin He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dustin A. Gilbert
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Padraic Shafer
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elke Arenholz
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gen Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peng Deng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Julie Ann Borchers
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
| | - William Ratcliff
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6102, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Kang L. Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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19
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Yan H, Feng Z, Qin P, Zhou X, Guo H, Wang X, Chen H, Zhang X, Wu H, Jiang C, Liu Z. Electric-Field-Controlled Antiferromagnetic Spintronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905603. [PMID: 32048366 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the field of antiferromagnetic spintronics has been substantially advanced. Electric-field control is a promising approach for achieving ultralow power spintronic devices via suppressing Joule heating. Here, cutting-edge research, including electric-field modulation of antiferromagnetic spintronic devices using strain, ionic liquids, dielectric materials, and electrochemical ionic migration, is comprehensively reviewed. Various emergent topics such as the Néel spin-orbit torque, chiral spintronics, topological antiferromagnetic spintronics, anisotropic magnetoresistance, memory devices, 2D magnetism, and magneto-ionic modulation with respect to antiferromagnets are examined. In conclusion, the possibility of realizing high-quality room-temperature antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions, antiferromagnetic spin logic devices, and artificial antiferromagnetic neurons is highlighted. It is expected that this work provides an appropriate and forward-looking perspective that will promote the rapid development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zexin Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peixin Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huixin Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haojiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chengbao Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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20
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Liu X, Singh S, Kirby BJ, Zhong Z, Cao Y, Pal B, Kareev M, Middey S, Freeland JW, Shafer P, Arenholz E, Vanderbilt D, Chakhalian J. Emergent Magnetic State in (111)-Oriented Quasi-Two-Dimensional Spinel Oxides. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8381-8387. [PMID: 31665887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the emergent magnetic state of (111)-oriented CoCr2O4 ultrathin films sandwiched between Al2O3 spacer layers in a quantum confined geometry. At the two-dimensional crossover, polarized neutron reflectometry reveals an anomalous enhancement of the total magnetization compared to the bulk value. Synchrotron X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements demonstrate the appearance of a long-range ferromagnetic ordering of spins on both Co and Cr sublattices. Brillouin function analyses and ab-initio density functional theory calculations further corroborate that the observed phenomena are due to the strongly altered magnetic frustration invoked by quantum confinement effects, manifested by the onset of a Yafet-Kittel-type ordering as the magnetic ground state in the ultrathin limit, which is unattainable in the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Sobhit Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Brian J Kirby
- NIST Center for Neutron Research , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Yanwei Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Banabir Pal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Mikhail Kareev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Srimanta Middey
- Department of Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bengaluru 560012 , India
| | - John W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Padraic Shafer
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Elke Arenholz
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - David Vanderbilt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Jak Chakhalian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers University , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
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21
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Giant anisotropic magnetoresistance and nonvolatile memory in canted antiferromagnet Sr 2IrO 4. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2280. [PMID: 31123257 PMCID: PMC6533248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiferromagnets have been generating intense interest in the spintronics community, owing to their intrinsic appealing properties like zero stray field and ultrafast spin dynamics. While the control of antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders has been realized by various means, applicably appreciated functionalities on the readout side of AFM-based devices are urgently desired. Here, we report the remarkably enhanced anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) as giant as ~160% in a simple resistor structure made of AFM Sr2IrO4 without auxiliary reference layer. The underlying mechanism for the giant AMR is an indispensable combination of atomic scale giant-MR-like effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy, which was not accessed earlier. Furthermore, we demonstrate the bistable nonvolatile memory states that can be switched in-situ without the inconvenient heat-assisted procedure, and robustly preserved even at zero magnetic field, due to the modified interlayer coupling by 1% Ga-doping in Sr2IrO4. These findings represent a straightforward step toward the AFM spintronic devices.
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