1
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Shokrollahi Z, Piralaee M, Asgari A. Performance and optimization study of selected 4-terminal tandem solar cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11515. [PMID: 38769326 PMCID: PMC11106283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Tandem solar cells owing to their layered structure in which each sub-cell utilizes a certain part of the solar spectrum with reduced thermal losses, are promising applicants to promote the power conversion efficiency beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells. This study delves into the performance and optimization of 4-terminal organic/silicon tandem solar cells through numerical simulations using SCAPS-1D software. The tandem architecture combining organic, perovskite, and silicon materials, shows potential in enhancing light absorption across the solar spectrum with complementary absorption spectra. Through innovative material exploration, optimization techniques are explored to advance the performance boundaries of organic/silicon tandem solar cells. The study employs the Beer-Lambert law to assess the impact of varied physical parameters on tandem solar cell efficiency, aiming to propose optimal configurations. Results indicate a maximum efficiency of 25.86% with P3HT:PC70BM organic active layer (150 nm thickness) and 36.8% with Cs2AgBi0.75Sb0.25Br6 active layer (400 nm thickness) in the studied 4-terminal tandem structures. These findings offer valuable insights into the complex physics of these tandem solar cells, for developing high-performance and commercially practical photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mina Piralaee
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
- Photonic Devices Research Group, Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Asghar Asgari
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Photonic Devices Research Group, Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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2
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Sun Y, Wang L, Guo C, Xiao J, Liu C, Chen C, Xia W, Gan Z, Cheng J, Zhou J, Chen Z, Zhou J, Liu D, Wang T, Li W. π-Extended Nonfullerene Acceptor for Compressed Molecular Packing in Organic Solar Cells To Achieve over 20% Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12011-12019. [PMID: 38639467 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) suffer from a trade-off between efficient charge transport and suppressed nonradiative recombination due to the aggregation-induced luminance quenching of organic semiconductors. To resolve this grand challenge, a π-extended nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) B6Cl with large voids among the honeycomb network is designed and introduced into photovoltaic systems. We find that the presence of a small amount of (i.e., 0.5 or 1 wt %) B6Cl can compress the molecular packing of the host acceptor L8-BO, leading to shortened π-π stacking distance from 3.59 to 3.50 Å (that will improve charge transport) together with ordered alkyl chain packing (that will inhibit nonradiative energy loss due to the suppressed C-C and C-H bonds vibrations), as validated by high-energy X-ray scattering measurements. This morphology transformation ultimately results in simultaneously improved JSC, FF, and VOC of OPVs. As a result, the maximum PCEs of PM6:L8-BO and D18:L8-BO are increased from 19.1 and 19.3% to 19.8 and 20.2%, respectively, which are among the highest values for single-junction OPVs. The university of B6Cl to increase the performance of OPVs is further evidenced in a range of polymer:NFA OPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanhang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinyi Xiao
- School of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zirui Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingchao Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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3
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Shoaee S, Luong HM, Song J, Zou Y, Nguyen TQ, Neher D. What We have Learnt from PM6:Y6. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2302005. [PMID: 37623325 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past three years, remarkable advancements in organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged, propelled by the introduction of Y6-an innovative A-DA'D-A type small molecule non-fullerene acceptor (NFA). This review provides a critical discussion of the current knowledge about the structural and physical properties of the PM6:Y6 material combination in relation to its photovoltaic performance. The design principles of PM6 and Y6 are discussed, covering charge transfer, transport, and recombination mechanisms. Then, the authors delve into blend morphology and degradation mechanisms before considering commercialization. The current state of the art is presented, while also discussing unresolved contentious issues, such as the blend energetics, the pathways of free charge generation, and the role of triplet states in recombination. As such, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the PM6:Y6 material combination and its potential for further development in the field of organic solar cells. By addressing both the successes and challenges associated with this system, this review contributes to the ongoing research efforts toward achieving more efficient and stable organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Shoaee
- Optoelectronics of Disordered Semiconductors, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoang M Luong
- Centre for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jiage Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Centre for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Dieter Neher
- Soft Matter Physics and Optoelectronics, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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4
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Chen Z, Guo C, Wang L, Chen C, Cai J, Liu C, Gan Z, Sun Y, Zhou J, Zhou J, Liu D, Wang T, Li W. Electrostatic Potential Design of Solid Additives for Enhanced Molecular Order of Polymer Donor in Efficient Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401050. [PMID: 38511580 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Polymeric semiconducting materials struggle to achieve fast charge mobility due to low structural order. In this work, five 1H-indene-1,3(2H)dione-benzene structured halogenated solid additives namely INB-5F, INB-3F, INB-1F, INB-1Cl, and INB-1Br with gradually varied electrostatic potential are designed and utilized to regulate the structural order of polymer donor PM6. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that although the dione unit of these additives tends to adsorb on the backbone of PM6, the reduced electrostatic potential of the halogen-substituted benzene can shift the benzene interacting site from alkyl side chains to the conjugated backbone of PM6, not only leading to enhanced π-π stacking in out-of-plane but also arising new π-π stacking in in-plane together with the appearance of multiple backbone stacking in out-of-plane, consequent to the co-existence of face-on and edge-on molecular orientations. This molecular packing transformation further translates to enhanced charge transport and suppressed carrier recombination in their photovoltaics, with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 19.4% received in PM6/L8-BO layer-by-layer deposited organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanhang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinlong Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zirui Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuandong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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5
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Zhang KN, Du XY, Yan L, Pu YJ, Tajima K, Wang X, Hao XT. Organic Photovoltaic Stability: Understanding the Role of Engineering Exciton and Charge Carrier Dynamics from Recent Progress. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300397. [PMID: 37204077 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from the synergistic development of material design, device engineering, and the mechanistic understanding of device physics, the certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of single-junction non-fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) have already reached a very high value of exceeding 19%. However, in addition to PCEs, the poor stability is now a challenging obstacle for commercial applications of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Herein, recent progress made in exploring operational mechanisms, anomalous photoelectric behaviors, and improving long-term stability in non-fullerene OSCs are highlighted from a novel and previously largely undiscussed perspective of engineering exciton and charge carrier pathways. Considering the intrinsic connection among multiple temporal-scale photocarrier dynamics, multi-length scale morphologies, and photovoltaic performance in OPVs, this review delineates and establishes a comprehensive and in-depth property-function relationship for evaluating the actual device stability. Moreover, this review has also provided some valuable photophysical insights into employing the advanced characterization techniques such as transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved fluorescence imagings. Finally, some of the remaining major challenges related to this topic are proposed toward the further advances of enhancing long-term operational stability in non-fullerene OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Ning Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Du
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yan
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jin Pu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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6
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Liu F, Jiang Y, Xu R, Su W, Wang S, Zhang Y, Liu K, Xu S, Zhang W, Yi Y, Ma W, Zhu X. Nonfullerene Acceptor Featuring Unique Self-Regulation Effect for Organic Solar Cells with 19 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313791. [PMID: 38050643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The blend nanomorphology of electron-donor (D) and -acceptor (A) materials is of vital importance to achieving highly efficient organic solar cells. Exogenous additives especially aromatic additives are always needed to further optimize the nanomorphology of blend films, which is hardly compatible with industrial manufacture. Herein, we proposed a unique approach to meticulously modulate the aggregation behavior of NFAs in both crystal and thin film nanomorphology via self-regulation effect. Nonfullerene acceptor Z9 was designed and synthesized by tethering phenyl groups on the inner side chains of the Y6 backbone. Compared with Y6, the tethered phenyl groups participated in the molecular aggregation via the π-π stacking of phenyl-phenyl and phenyl-2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC-2F) groups, which induced 3D charge transport with phenyl-mediated super-exchange electron coupling. Moreover, ordered molecular packing with suitable phase separation was observed in Z9-based blend films. High power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 19.0 % (certified PCE of 18.6 %) for Z9-based devices were achieved without additives, indicating the great potential of the self-regulation strategy in NFA design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenli Su
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yaogang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kerui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory for Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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7
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Xu M, Wei C, Zhang Y, Chen J, Li H, Zhang J, Sun L, Liu B, Lin J, Yu M, Xie L, Huang W. Coplanar Conformational Structure of π-Conjugated Polymers for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301671. [PMID: 37364981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical structure of conjugated polymers is critical to dominating their optoelectronic properties and applications. Compared to nonplanar conformational segments, coplanar conformational segments of conjugated polymers (CPs) demonstrate favorable properties for applications as a semiconductor. Herein, recent developments in the coplanar conformational structure of CPs for optoelectronic devices are summarized. First, this review comprehensively summarizes the unique properties of planar conformational structures. Second, the characteristics of the coplanar conformation in terms of optoelectrical properties and other polymer physics characteristics are emphasized. Five primary characterization methods for investigating the complanate backbone structures are illustrated, providing a systematical toolbox for studying this specific conformation. Third, internal and external conditions for inducing the coplanar conformational structure are presented, offering guidelines for designing this conformation. Fourth, the optoelectronic applications of this segment, such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells, and field-effect transistors, are briefly summarized. Finally, a conclusion and outlook for the coplanar conformational segment regarding molecular design and applications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chuanxin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiefeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Mengna Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Linghai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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8
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Guo B, Li W, Guo X, Li G, Meng X, Ma W, Chen S, Zhang M, Sun K. Fine-Tuned Active Layer Morphology for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with Indene-C60 Bisadduct as a Third Component. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58693-58699. [PMID: 38051133 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Active layer morphology is of vital importance for the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). As fullerene derivatives and nonfullerene acceptors are highly complementary in many aspects, fullerene derivatives as a third component in nonfullerene OSCs could tune the blend morphology and improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Relative to PCBM, the indene-C60 bisadduct (IC60BA) as the third component in nonfullerene binary OSCs has not been extensively studied. Here, the fullerene derivative IC60BA is introduced into the PTZ1:IDIC blend system to finely tune the active layer morphology. Although the addition of IC60BA reduced the film absorption in the visible region and weakened the crystallinity, the more symmetric charge transport property, smaller domain size, and higher domain purity led to improved photovoltaic performance. This study indicates that IC60BA is a promising candidate to finely tune the morphology for achieving highly efficient OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wanbin Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Guangda Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiangyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Kuan Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy & Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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9
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El Ghazali A, Aboulouard A, Gultekin B, Tounsi A, El Idrissi M. Theoretical investigation of novel electron donors for bulk heterojunction solar cells with potential photovoltaic characteristics. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 125:108622. [PMID: 37690428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineering electronic organic donor materials are one of the most critical steps in producing bulk-heterojunction solar cells (BHJ) with good photovoltaic properties. Compared to standard donor materials, electron donors derived from thiophene have made significant progress as they can be better suited for optoelectronics and are cheaper and more stable. Therefore, the use of new thiophene derivatives (M1-M4) as donor molecules in BHJs has been the subject of this extensive theoretical analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) computations have been used to investigate the boundary molecular orbital (FMO) analysis, the density of states analysis, electron and hole reorganization energy, molecular electrostatic potential, global reactivity parameters, and photovoltaic properties. The effects of end-donor modifications on the photovoltaic and electronic characteristics of the new molecules (M1-M4) are investigated. According to the results, the molecules have good optical properties, a small band gap, a perfect open-circuit voltage, and a good alignment energy level between the designated donor molecules and the acceptor phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). These results suggest that further research in this area could enhance the efficacy of organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam El Ghazali
- ERCAM, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhalk Aboulouard
- Department of Physics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco; Department of Engineering Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey; Solar Energy Institute, Ege University, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey; Graphene Application and Research Center, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Burak Gultekin
- Solar Energy Institute, Ege University, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Abdessamad Tounsi
- ERCAM, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Idrissi
- TCPAM, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
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10
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Yang J, Wang X, Yu X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhong J, Yu J. Improved Short-Circuit Current and Fill Factor in PM6:Y6 Organic Solar Cells through D18-Cl Doping. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2899. [PMID: 37947743 PMCID: PMC10650114 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the PM6:Y6 binary system, a novel non-fullerene acceptor material, D18-Cl, was doped into the PM6:Y6 blend to fabricate the active layer. The effects of different doping ratios of D18-Cl on organic solar cells were investigated. The best-performing organic solar cell was achieved when the doping ratio of D18-Cl reached 20 wt%. It exhibited a short-circuit current of 28.13 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 70.25%, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.81 V, and a power conversion efficiency of 16.08%. The introduction of an appropriate amount of D18-Cl expanded the absorption spectrum of the active layer, improved the morphology of the active layer, reduced large molecular aggregation and defects, minimized bimolecular recombination, and optimized the collection efficiency of charge carriers. These results indicate the critical importance of selecting an appropriate third component in binary systems and optimizing the doping ratio to enhance the performance of ternary organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yang
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Xiansheng Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China (J.Y.)
| | - Xiaobao Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China (J.Y.)
| | - Jiaxuan Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China (J.Y.)
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China (J.Y.)
| | - Junsheng Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China (J.Y.)
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11
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Wan J, Wang T, Sun R, Wu X, Wang S, Zhang M, Min J. Enabling Highly Efficient and Thermal-Stable Polymer Solar Cells through Semi-Alloy Acceptors Composed of a Hinge-Like Dimer: A Versatile Doping Protocol. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302592. [PMID: 37211895 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous improvement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and thermal stability is a critical scientific challenge in advancing the commercial applications of polymer solar cells. To address this challenge, a dumbbell-shaped dimeric acceptor, DT19, is successfully designed and synthesized. It is incorporated as a third component into the PM1:BTP-eC9 system. This ternary strategy demonstrates a synergistic enhancement of the PCE and thermal stability of the host binary system. In particular, the PM1:BTP-eC9:DT19 system maintains a PCE of over 90% even after heating at 120 °C for 200 h. Additionally, the dimer-doping ternary strategy exhibits excellent generality for the other four Y-series systems and outperforms ternary systems containing alloy-like acceptors in terms of thermal stability. It is because DT19, with its hinge-like structure, can form a semi-alloy acceptor with the host acceptor, leading to strong interchain entanglement with the polymer donor, thus overcoming phase separation and excessive aggregation under thermal stress. This new type of dimeric material, which can synergistically enhance the device efficiency and thermal stability of active layers, presents promising application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wan
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tao Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaohei Wu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Meimei Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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12
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Forti G, Pankow RM, Qin F, Cho Y, Kerwin B, Duplessis I, Nitti A, Jeong S, Yang C, Facchetti A, Pasini D, Marks TJ. Anthradithiophene (ADT)-Based Polymerized Non-Fullerene Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300653. [PMID: 37191934 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Realizing efficient all-polymer solar cell (APSC) acceptors typically involves increased building block synthetic complexity, hence potentially unscalable syntheses and/or prohibitive costs. Here we report the synthesis, characterization, and implementation in APSCs of three new polymer acceptors P1-P3 using a scalable donor fragment, bis(2-octyldodecyl)anthra[1,2-b : 5,6-b']dithiophene-4,10-dicarboxylate (ADT) co-polymerized with the high-efficiency acceptor units, NDI, Y6, and IDIC. All three copolymers have comparable photophysics to known polymers; however, APSCs fabricated by blending P1, P2 and P3 with donor polymers PM5 and PM6 exhibit modest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), with the champion P2-based APSC achieving PCE=5.64 %. Detailed morphological and microstructural analysis by AFM and GIWAXS reveal a non-optimal APSC active layer morphology, which suppresses charge transport. Despite the modest efficiencies, these APSCs demonstrate the feasibility of using ADT as a scalable and inexpensive electron rich/donor building block for APSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Forti
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert M Pankow
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Brendan Kerwin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Isaiah Duplessis
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrea Nitti
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Seonghun Jeong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, 44919, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, 44919, Ulsan, South Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, 44919, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, 30332, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy-Activated Redox Processes and the, Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, 60208, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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13
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Lowrie W, Westbrook RJE, Guo J, Gonev HI, Marin-Beloqui J, Clarke TM. Organic photovoltaics: The current challenges. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:110901. [PMID: 36948814 DOI: 10.1063/5.0139457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics are remarkably close to reaching a landmark power conversion efficiency of 20%. Given the current urgent concerns regarding climate change, research into renewable energy solutions is crucially important. In this perspective article, we highlight several key aspects of organic photovoltaics, ranging from fundamental understanding to implementation, that need to be addressed to ensure the success of this promising technology. We cover the intriguing ability of some acceptors to undergo efficient charge photogeneration in the absence of an energetic driving force and the effects of the resulting state hybridization. We explore one of the primary loss mechanisms of organic photovoltaics-non-radiative voltage losses-and the influence of the energy gap law. Triplet states are becoming increasingly relevant owing to their presence in even the most efficient non-fullerene blends, and we assess their role as both a loss mechanism and a potential strategy to enhance efficiency. Finally, two ways in which the implementation of organic photovoltaics can be simplified are addressed. The standard bulk heterojunction architecture could be superseded by either single material photovoltaics or sequentially deposited heterojunctions, and the attributes of both are considered. While several important challenges still lie ahead for organic photovoltaics, their future is, indeed, bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lowrie
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J E Westbrook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Junjun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hristo Ivov Gonev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Marin-Beloqui
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Malaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Tracey M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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14
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Liu B, Sun H, Lee JW, Jiang Z, Qiao J, Wang J, Yang J, Feng K, Liao Q, An M, Li B, Han D, Xu B, Lian H, Niu L, Kim BJ, Guo X. Efficient and stable organic solar cells enabled by multicomponent photoactive layer based on one-pot polymerization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:967. [PMID: 36810743 PMCID: PMC9944902 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of the kinetically trapped bulk heterojunction film morphology in organic solar cells (OSCs) remains a grand challenge for their practical application. Herein, we demonstrate highly thermally stable OSCs using multicomponent photoactive layer synthesized via a facile one-pot polymerization, which show the advantages of low synthetic cost and simplified device fabrication. The OSCs based on multicomponent photoactive layer deliver a high power conversion efficiency of 11.8% and exhibit excellent device stability for over 1000 h (>80% of their initial efficiency retention), realizing a balance between device efficiency and operational lifetime for OSCs. In-depth opto-electrical and morphological properties characterizations revealed that the dominant PM6-b-L15 block polymers with backbone entanglement and the small fraction of PM6 and L15 polymers synergistically contribute to the frozen fine-tuned film morphology and maintain well-balanced charge transport under long-time operation. These findings pave the way towards the development of low-cost and long-term stable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- grid.411863.90000 0001 0067 3588Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China ,grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengyan Jiang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Junqin Qiao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China
| | - Junwei Wang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Kui Feng
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Mingwei An
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Bolin Li
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- grid.411863.90000 0001 0067 3588Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China
| | - Baomin Xu
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Hongzhen Lian
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P.R. China.
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15
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Sandzhieva M, Khmelevskaia D, Tatarinov D, Logunov L, Samusev K, Kuchmizhak A, Makarov SV. Organic Solar Cells Improved by Optically Resonant Silicon Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3916. [PMID: 36364692 PMCID: PMC9656450 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanophotonics has become a versatile platform for optics and optoelectronics. For example, strong light localization at the nanoscale and lack of parasitic losses in infrared and visible spectral ranges make resonant silicon nanoparticles a prospect for improvement in such rapidly developing fields as photovoltaics. Here, we employed optically resonant silicon nanoparticles produced by laser ablation for boosting the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells. Namely, we created colloidal solutions of spherical nanoparticles with a range of diameters (80-240 nm) in different solvents. We tested how the nanoparticles' position in the device, their concentration, silicon doping, and method of deposition affected the final device efficiency. The best conditions optimization resulted in an efficiency improvement from 6% up to 7.5%, which correlated with numerical simulations of nanoparticles' optical properties. The developed low-cost approach paves the way toward highly efficient and stable solution-processable solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sandzhieva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Darya Khmelevskaia
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Dmitry Tatarinov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Lev Logunov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Kirill Samusev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Alexander Kuchmizhak
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Makarov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, China
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16
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Controlling morphology and microstructure of conjugated polymers via solution-state aggregation. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Agarwala P, Gomez ED, Milner ST. Fast, Faithful Simulations of Donor-Acceptor Interface Morphology. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6932-6939. [PMID: 36219653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The local structure of conjugated polymers governs key optoelectronic properties, such as charge conduction and photogeneration at donor-acceptor interfaces. Because conjugated polymers are large, stiff, and relax slowly, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations are computationally expensive. Here, we describe a coarse-graining method that exploits the stiffness of constituent aromatic moieties by representing each moiety as rigidly bonded clusters of atoms wherein virtual sites replace several atoms. This approach significantly reduces the degrees of freedom while faithfully representing the shape and interactions of the moieties, resulting in 10 times faster simulations than all-atom simulations. Simulation of a donor polymer (P3HT) and a non-fullerene acceptor (O-IDTBR) validates the coarse-graining method by comparing structural properties from experiments, such as the density and persistence length. The fast simulation produces equilibrated systems with realistic morphologies. The simulation results of an equimolar mixture of P3HT, with a molecular weight of 1332 g mol-1, and an O-IDTBR mixture suggest that the interface width must be larger than 7 nm. Also, we investigate the effect of slow cooling on morphologies, particularly the number of close contacts that facilitates carrier transport. Slow cooling increases close contacts, and the effect is more pronounced in crystal-forming P3HT than in O-IDTBR, where bulky side-groups hinder crystal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States.,Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States
| | - Scott T Milner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania16802, United States
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18
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Influence of reaction conditions on kumada catalytic transfer polymerization for synthesis of poly(p-phenylene) for organic semiconductors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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19
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Si Q, Lian M, Zhao Y. Photo‐induced energy and charge transfer dynamics in Y6 dimers. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Si
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Man Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
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20
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Schopp N, Akhtanova G, Panoy P, Arbuz A, Chae S, Yi A, Kim HJ, Promarak V, Nguyen TQ, Brus VV. Unraveling Device Physics of Dilute-Donor Narrow-Bandgap Organic Solar Cells with Highly Transparent Active Layers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203796. [PMID: 35703912 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The charge generation-recombination dynamics in three narrow-bandgap near-IR absorbing nonfullerene (NFA) based organic photovoltaic (OPV) systems with varied donor concentrations of 40%, 30%, and 20% are investigated. The dilution of the polymer donor with visible-range absorption leads to highly transparent active layers with blend average visible transmittance (AVT) values of 64%, 70%, and 77%, respectively. Opaque devices in the optimized highly reproducible device configuration comprising these transparent active layers lead to photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 7.0%, 6.5%, and 4.1%. The investigation of these structures yields quantitative insights into changes in the charge generation, non-geminate charge recombination, and extraction dynamics upon dilution of the donor. Lastly, this study gives an outlook for employing the highly transparent active layers in semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST-OPVs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Schopp
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Gulnur Akhtanova
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Patchareepond Panoy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Alexandr Arbuz
- Core Facilities, Office of the Provost, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Sangmin Chae
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Ahra Yi
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Viktor V Brus
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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21
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Huang LY, Ai Q, Risko C. The Role of Crystal Packing on the Optical Response of Trialkyltetrelethynyl Acenes. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:084703. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0097421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic and optical responses of an organic semiconductor (OSC) are dictated by the chemistries of the molecular or polymer building blocks and how these chromophores pack in the solid state. Understanding the physicochemical natures of these responses are not only critical for determining OSC performance for a particular application, but the UV/visible optical response may also be of potential use to determine aspects of the molecular-scale solid-state packing for crystal polymorphs or thin-film morphologies that are difficult to determine otherwise. To probe these relationships, we report the quantum-chemical investigation of a series of trialkyltetrelethynyl acenes (tetrel = silicon or germanium) that adopt the brickwork (BW), slip-stack (SS), or herringbone (HB) packing configurations; the π-conjugated backbones considered here are pentacene (PEN) and anthradithiophene (ADT). For comparison, HB-packed (unsubstituted) pentacene is also included. Density functional theory (DFT) and G0W0 (single-shot GW) electronic band structures, G0W0-BSE (Bethe-Salpeter Equation)-derived optical spectra, polarized ϵ2 spectra, and distributions of both singlet and triplet exciton wave functions are reported. Configurational disorder is also considered. Further, we evaluate the probability of singlet fission in these materials through energy conservation relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qianxiang Ai
- Chemistry, Fordham University - Rose Hill Campus, United States of America
| | - Chad Risko
- Chemistry, University of Kentucky, United States of America
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22
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Li X, Zhu R, He Z, Du X, Lin H, Zheng C, Yang G, Chen Z, Tao S. Additive-Induced Vertical Component Distribution Enables High-Performance Sequentially Cast Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25842-25850. [PMID: 35635178 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the active layer morphology to form a vertical component distribution structure is an effective way of improving the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this paper, a layer-by-layer (LbL) spin-coating method was adopted combined with an additive strategy to achieve the purpose of precisely adjusting the morphology, and finally, high-performance OSCs based on a D18-Cl/Y6 system were achieved. After adding n-octane in D18-Cl, D18-Cl+/Y6 devices realized a PCE of 17.70%, while with the incorporation of 1-fluoronaphthalene (FN) in Y6, D18-Cl/Y6+ devices obtained a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.39%, both higher than the control devices (16.66%). The former resulted in a more orderly arrangement of D18-Cl, forming a suitable phase separation morphology, and the latter improved the crystallization of Y6, which facilitated carrier transport. Furthermore, the dual-additive-treated D18-Cl+/Y6+ bilayer devices with n-octane doping in the donor and FN in the acceptor had a more desirable vertical morphology, exhibiting an excellent PCE of 18.16% with an improved JSC of 27.17 mA cm-2 and FF of 76.88%, one of the highest efficiencies for LbL OSCs. The results demonstrated that combining the LbL spin-coating method with the additive strategy is a valid way to achieve hierarchical morphology control and enhance device performance, which is of great significance for the fabrication and development of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Ruobi Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu He
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Gang Yang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
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23
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Kang SH, Lee D, Choi W, Oh JH, Yang C. Usefulness of Polar and Bulky Phosphonate Chain-End Solubilizing Groups in Polymeric Semiconductors. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So-Huei Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Doyoung Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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24
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Su LY, Huang HH, Tsai CE, Hou CH, Shyue JJ, Lu CH, Pao CW, Yu MH, Wang L, Chueh CC. Improving Thermal and Photostability of Polymer Solar Cells by Robust Interface Engineering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107834. [PMID: 35532078 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) approaches 19%, increasing research attention is being paid to enhancing the device's long-term stability. In this study, a robust interface engineering of graphene oxide nanosheets (GNS) is expounded on improving the thermal and photostability of non-fullerene bulk-heterojunction (NFA BHJ) OPVs to a practical level. Three distinct GNSs (GNS, N-doped GNS (N-GNS), and N,S-doped GNS (NS-GNS)) synthesized through a pyrolysis method are applied as the ZnO modifier in inverted OPVs. The results reveal that the GNS modification introduces passivation and dipole effects to enable better energy-level alignment and to facilitate charge transfer across the ZnO/BHJ interface. Besides, it optimizes the BHJ morphology of the photoactive layer, and the N,S doping of GNS further enhances the interaction with the photoactive components to enable a more idea BHJ morphology. Consequently, the NS-GNS device delivers enhanced performance from 14.5% (control device) to 16.5%. Moreover, the thermally/chemically stable GNS is shown to stabilize the morphology of the ZnO electron transport layer (ETL) and to endow the BHJ morphology of the photoactive layer grown atop with a more stable thermodynamic property. This largely reduces the microstructure changes and the associated charge recombination in the BHJ layer under constant thermal/light stresses. Finally, the NS-GNS device is demonstrated to exhibit an impressive T80 lifetime (time at which PCE of the device decays to 80% of the initial PCE) of 2712 h under a constant thermal condition at 65 °C in a glovebox and an outstanding photostability with a T80 lifetime of 2000 h under constant AM1.5G 1-sun illumination in an N2 -controlled environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Su
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsiang Huang
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chang-En Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hao Lu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Pao
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Leeyih Wang
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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25
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Zeng H, Hu C, Wu D, Xia J. Boosting the Photovoltaic Performance and Thermal Stability of Organic Solar Cells via an Insulating Fluoropolymer Additive. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200045. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zeng
- Wuhan University of Technology State Key laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing CHINA
| | - Cetao Hu
- Wuhan University of Technology State Key laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing CHINA
| | - Di Wu
- Wuhan University of Technology School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070 Wuhan CHINA
| | - Jianlong Xia
- Wuhan University of Technology State Key laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing CHINA
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26
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Du G, Wang Z, Zhai T, Li Y, Chang K, Yu B, Zhao X, Deng W. Flow-Enhanced Flexible Microcomb Printing of Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13572-13583. [PMID: 35285622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scalable and roll-to-roll compatible processing methods have become pressing needs to transfer organic solar cells (OSCs) to realistic energy sources. Herein a new fabrication method of flexible microcomb printing is proposed. The microcomb is based on a PET sheet micromachined into comb teeth by a laser marker. A computational fluid mechanics simulation shows that the fluid flow around the microcomb teeth induces high shear as well as extensional strain rates, which enhance the molecular alignment and lateral mass transport. The PTQ10:Y6-BO OSCs printed by the flexible microcomb demonstrate a substantially increased degree of crystallinity and phase separation with a suitable domain size. Devices printed by the flexible microcomb in air achieve PCEs of up to 15.93%, higher than those of control devices spin-coated in the N2 glovebox. The flexibility of the PET film makes the microcomb teeth contact directly with the substrate without a suspended liquid meniscus, thus facilitating printing on soft or curved substrates. Printing of flexible OSCs and large-area devices are demonstrated. The flexible OSCs exhibit PCEs of up to 13.62%, which is the highest for flexible OSCs made by scalable printing techniques to date. These results make flexible microcomb printing a feasible and promising strategy toward the manufacture of efficient OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxin Du
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibei Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Zhai
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxing Li
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Deng
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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27
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Wang T, Sun R, Yang XR, Wu Y, Wang W, Li Q, Zhang CF, Min J. A Near-Infrared Polymer Acceptor Enables over 15% Efficiency for All-Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Yang Y, Li D, Wang P, Zhang X, Zhang H, Du B, Guo C, Wang T, Liu D. Polymer/non-fullerene acceptor bulk heterojunction nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Danielson MK, Chen J, Vaclavek AK, Colley ND, Alli AH, Loomis RA, Barnes JC. Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Changes in Surface Free Energy in Polythiophene-Polyviologen Bilayered Thin Films. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 2:118-128. [PMID: 36855341 PMCID: PMC9954201 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bipyridiniums, also known as viologens, are well-documented electron acceptors that are generally easy to synthesize on a large scale and reversibly cycle between three oxidation states (V2+, V•+, and V0). Accordingly, they have been explored in a number of applications that capitalize on their dynamic redox chemistry, such as redox-flow batteries and electrochromic devices. Viologens are also particularly useful in photoinduced electron transfer (PET) processes and therefore are of interest in photovoltaic applications that typically rely on electron-rich donors like polythiophene (PTh). However, the PET mechanism and relaxation dynamics between interfacing PTh and viologen-based thin films has not been well studied as a function of thickness of the acceptor layer. Here, a novel, bilayered thin film composite was fabricated by first spin-coating PTh onto glass slides, followed by spin-coating and curing polyviologen (PV)-based micron-sized films of variable thicknesses (0.5-11.3 μm) on top of the PTh layer. The electron-transfer mechanism and relaxation dynamics from the PTh sublayer into the upper PV film were investigated using femtosecond transient absorption (fTA) spectroscopy and electrochemistry to better understand how the charge-transfer/relaxation lifetimes could be extended using thicker PV acceptor films. The fTA experiments were performed under inert N2 conditions as well as in ambient O2. The latter shortened the lifetimes of the electrons in the PV layer, presumably due to O2 triplet-based trap sites. Contact angle measurements using H2O and MeI were also performed on top of the bilayered films to measure changes in surface free energy that would aid the assessment related to efficiency of the combined processes involving light penetration, photoexcitation, electron mobility, and relaxation from within the bilayered thin films. Insights gained from this work will support the development of future devices that employ viologen-based materials as an alternative electron-acceptor that is both easily processable and scalable.
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30
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Large MJ, Posar JA, Mozer AJ, Nattestad A, Alnaghy S, Carolan M, Sellin PJ, Davies J, Pastuovic Z, Lerch MLF, Guatelli S, Rosenfeld A, Griffith MJ, Petasecca M. Flexible Polymer X-ray Detectors with Non-fullerene Acceptors for Enhanced Stability: Toward Printable Tissue Equivalent Devices for Medical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57703-57712. [PMID: 34806354 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the development of novel materials and devices capable of ionizing radiation detection for medical applications. Organic semiconductors are promising candidates to meet the demands of modern detectors, such as low manufacturing costs, mechanical flexibility, and a response to radiation equivalent to human tissue. However, organic semiconductors have typically been employed in applications that convert low energy photons into high current densities, for example, solar cells and LEDs, and thus existing design rules must be re-explored for ionizing radiation detection where high energy photons are converted into typically much lower current densities. In this work, we report the optoelectronic and X-ray dosimetric response of a tissue equivalent organic photodetector fabricated with solution-based inks prepared from polymer donor poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) blended with either a non-fullerene acceptor (5Z,5'Z)-5,5'-((7,7'-(4,4,9,9-tetraoctyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-7,4-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one) (o-IDTBR) or a fullerene acceptor, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Indirect detection of X-rays was achieved via coupling of organic photodiodes with a plastic scintillator. Both detectors displayed an excellent response linearity with dose, with sensitivities to 6 MV photons of 263.4 ± 0.6 and 114.2 ± 0.7 pC/cGy recorded for P3HT:PCBM and P3HT:o-IDTBR detectors, respectively. Both detectors also exhibited a fast temporal response, able to resolve individual 3.6 μs pulses from the linear accelerator. Energy dependence measurements highlighted that the photodetectors were highly tissue equivalent, though an under-response in devices compared to water by up to a factor of 2.3 was found for photon energies of 30-200 keV due to the response of the plastic scintillator. The P3HT:o-IDTBR device exhibited a higher stability to radiation, showing just an 18.4% reduction in performance when exposed to radiation doses of up to 10 kGy. The reported devices provide a successful demonstration of stable, printable, flexible, and tissue-equivalent radiation detectors with energy dependence similar to other scintillator-based detectors used in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Large
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Jessie A Posar
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Attila J Mozer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Andrew Nattestad
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Saree Alnaghy
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Martin Carolan
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Cancer Care Centre, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Paul J Sellin
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Justin Davies
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pastuovic
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Michael L F Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Anatoly Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Matthew J Griffith
- School of Aeronautical, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Marco Petasecca
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
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31
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Schweda B, Reinfelds M, Hofstadler P, Trimmel G, Rath T. Recent Progress in the Design of Fused-Ring Non-Fullerene Acceptors-Relations between Molecular Structure and Optical, Electronic, and Photovoltaic Properties. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021; 4:11899-11981. [PMID: 35856015 PMCID: PMC9286321 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells are on the dawn of the next era. The change of focus toward non-fullerene acceptors has introduced an enormous amount of organic n-type materials and has drastically increased the power conversion efficiencies of organic photovoltaics, now exceeding 18%, a value that was believed to be unreachable some years ago. In this Review, we summarize the recent progress in the design of ladder-type fused-ring non-fullerene acceptors in the years 2018-2020. We thereby concentrate on single layer heterojunction solar cells and omit tandem architectures as well as ternary solar cells. By analyzing more than 700 structures, we highlight the basic design principles and their influence on the optical and electrical structure of the acceptor molecules and review their photovoltaic performance obtained so far. This Review should give an extensive overview of the plenitude of acceptor motifs but will also help to understand which structures and strategies are beneficial for designing materials for highly efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells.
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32
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Li D, Guo C, Zhang X, Du B, Yu C, Wang P, Cheng S, Wang L, Cai J, Wang H, Liu D, Yao H, Sun Y, Hou J, Wang T. Non-fullerene acceptor pre-aggregates enable high efficiency pseudo-bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Kim M, Ryu SU, Park SA, Pu YJ, Park T. Designs and understanding of small molecule-based non-fullerene acceptors for realizing commercially viable organic photovoltaics. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14004-14023. [PMID: 34760184 PMCID: PMC8565376 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03908c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have emerged as a promising next-generation technology with great potential for portable, wearable, and transparent photovoltaic applications. Over the past few decades, remarkable advances have been made in non-fullerene acceptor (NFA)-based OPVs, with their power conversion efficiency exceeding 18%, which is close to the requirements for commercial realization. Novel molecular NFA designs have emerged and evolved in the progress of understanding the physical features of NFA-based OPVs in relation to their high performance, while there is room for further improvement. In this review, the molecular design of representative NFAs is described, and their blend characteristics are assessed via statistical comparisons. Meanwhile, the current understanding of photocurrent generation is reviewed along with the significant physical features observed in high-performance NFA-based OPVs, while the challenging issues and the strategic perspectives for the commercialization of OPV technology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Seung Un Ryu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Pu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673 Republic of Korea
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34
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Xie Y, Ryu HS, Han L, Cai Y, Duan X, Wei D, Woo HY, Sun Y. High-efficiency organic solar cells enabled by an alcohol-washable solid additive. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Wang P, Li W, Sandberg OJ, Guo C, Sun R, Wang H, Li D, Zhang H, Cheng S, Liu D, Min J, Armin A, Wang T. Tuning of the Interconnecting Layer for Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with Record Efficiency Exceeding 21. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7845-7854. [PMID: 34505789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photovoltaic performance of inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still lags behind the organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs due to limited light absorption of wide bandgap CsPbI3-xBrx under solar illumination. Constructing tandem devices with organic solar cells can effectively extend light absorption toward the long-wavelength region and reduce radiative photovoltage loss. Herein, we utilize wide-bandgap CsPbI2Br semiconductor and narrow-bandgap PM6:Y6-BO blend to fabricate perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with an efficiency of 21.1% and a very small tandem open-circuit voltage loss of 0.06 V. We demonstrate that the hole transport material of the interconnecting layers plays a critical role in determining efficiency, with polyTPD being superior to PBDB-T-Si and D18 due to its low parasitic absorption, sufficient hole mobility and quasi-Ohmic contact to suppress charge accumulation and voltage loss within the tandem device. These perovskite/organic tandem devices also display superior storage, thermal and ultraviolet stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Li
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, U.K
| | - Oskar J Sandberg
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, U.K
| | - Chuanhang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shili Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ardalan Armin
- Sustainable Advanced Materials (Sêr SAM), Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, U.K
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zhang X, Cai J, Guo C, Li D, Du B, Zhuang Y, Cheng S, Wang L, Liu D, Wang T. Simultaneously Enhanced Efficiency and Operational Stability of Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells via Solid-Additive-Mediated Aggregation Control. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102558. [PMID: 34293248 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The additive strategy is widely used in optimizing the morphology of organic solar cells (OSCs). The majority of additives are liquid with high boiling points, which will be trapped within device and consequently deteriorate performance during operation. In this work, solid but volatile additives 2-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (INB-F) and 2-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (INB-Cl) are designed to replace the common 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) in nonfullerene OSCs. These additives present during solution casting but evaporate after moderate heating. Molecular dynamics simulations show that they can reduce the adsorption energy to improve π-π stacking among nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) molecules, an effect that enhances light absorption and electron mobility. Both INB-F and INB-Cl enhance efficiency, with INB-F achieving a maximum efficiency of 16.7% from 15.1% of the reference PBDB-T-2F (PM6):BTP-BO-4F (Y6-BO) cell, and outperforming DIO. Remarkably, they can simultaneously enhance the operational stability, with the INB-F-treated OSC maintaining over 60% of the initial efficiency after 1000 h operation, demonstrating a T80 lifetime of 523 h, which is a significant improvement over T80 values of 66.2 h for the reference and 6.6 h for DIO-treated OSC. The simultaneously enhanced efficiency and operational lifetime are also effective in PM6:BTP-BO-4Cl (Y7-BO) OSCs, demonstrating a universal strategy to improve the performance of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinlong Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanhang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Baocai Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shili Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Wang Q, Lei S, Luo M, Liang J, Zhou D, Zhang L, Chen J. Introducing Siloxane-Terminated Side Chains in Small Molecular Donors for All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells: Modulated Molecular Orientation and Enhanced Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36080-36088. [PMID: 34291893 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three small molecular donors (SMDs) S35, S35-1Si, and S35-2Si, with 3,5-difluorophenyl-substituted benzodithiophene as the central 2-dimensional unit to combine different numbers of siloxane-terminated side chain, were synthesized for all-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs). The three SMDs showed comparable film absorption peaks at 570 nm and optical band gaps of 1.8 eV. Relative to S35 and S35-1Si with symmetric alkyl side chains and asymmetric side chains on the central unit, respectively, the S35-2Si carrying two symmetric siloxane-terminated side chains displayed largely elevated melting and crystalline temperatures, lowered surface energy, and modulated molecular orientation. The three SMDs possessed edge-on dominated molecular orientations of their neat films; however, a big difference was found for their blend films with nonfullerene acceptor Y6. The S35:Y6 and S35-1Si:Y6 blends exhibited edge-on and face-on bimodal orientations but the S35-2Si:Y6 blend showed pure face-on orientation, indicating quite different donor:acceptor intermolecular interactions. Some large domains existed in the S35:Y6 and S35-1Si:Y6 blends, but could be suppressed by the S35-2Si:Y6 blend, leading to a more balanced charge transport. In ASM-OSCs, the two S35:Y6 and S35-1Si:Y6 active layers showed comparable power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of ∼12% but a much higher efficiency of 13.50% could be achieved with the S35-2Si:Y6 active layer. Our results suggest that the siloxane-terminated side chain is promising to regulate crystalline ability of a SMD, paving a way for high performance ASM-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Lei
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Mei Luo
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Liang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Deng Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lianjie Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Schopp N, Nguyen TQ, Brus VV. Optical Expediency of Back Electrode Materials for Organic Near-Infrared Photodiodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27217-27226. [PMID: 34080428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor devices, including organic photodetectors (OPDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs), have undergone vast improvements, thanks to the development of non-fullerene acceptors. The absorption range of such NFA-based systems is typically shifted toward the near-infrared (near-IR) region compared to early-generation fullerene-based systems, rendering organic semiconductor devices suitable for near-IR sensing applications. While most efforts are concentrated on the photoactive materials, less attention is paid to the impact of the back electrodes on the device performance. Therefore, this work focuses on the optical expediency of gold (Au), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), and graphite as back electrode materials in organic optoelectronics. This work shows that the "one size fits all" methodology is not a valid approach for choosing the back electrode material. Instead, considering the active layer absorption, the active layer thickness, and the intended application is necessary. A traditional polymer/fullerene-based system, poly(3-hexylthiophene) with [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC60BM), and a state-of-the-art narrow-band gap non-fullerene-based system, poly[4,8bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b; 4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethy-lhexyl)3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-)-2-carboxylate-(2-6-diyl)] and 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((5,5'-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)4H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(4-((2ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene)) bis(5,6-difluoro3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (PCE10:COTIC-4F), are investigated by combining optical transfer matrix modeling simulations with experimentally determined recombination and extraction losses. We find that the narrow-band gap system shows performance gains when employing Au as the back electrode. Furthermore, we show that these performance gains are dependent on active layer thickness, yielding the most significance for thin active layers (<100 nm). Such thin, ultra-narrow-band gap devices are the focus of near-IR sensing applications, highlighting the importance of methodically choosing the back electrode. Lastly, the impact of the back electrode on the OPV device performance is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Schopp
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Viktor V Brus
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Kobeleva E, Popov A, Baranov D, Uvarov M, Nevostruev D, Degtyarenko K, Gadirov R, Sukhikh A, Kulik L. Origin of poor photovoltaic performance of bis(tetracyanoantrathiophene) non-fullerene acceptor. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li QY, Yao ZF, Wang JY, Pei J. Multi-level aggregation of conjugated small molecules and polymers: from morphology control to physical insights. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:076601. [PMID: 33887704 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abfaad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of molecules is a multi-molecular phenomenon occurring when two or more molecules behave differently from discrete molecules due to their intermolecular interactions. Moving beyond single molecules, aggregation usually demonstrates evolutive or wholly emerging new functionalities relative to the molecular components. Conjugated small molecules and polymers interact with each other, resulting in complex solution-state aggregates and solid-state microstructures. Optoelectronic properties of conjugated small molecules and polymers are sensitively determined by their aggregation states across a broad range of spatial scales. This review focused on the aggregation ranging from molecular structure, intermolecular interactions, solution-state assemblies, and solid-state microstructures of conjugated small molecules and polymers. We addressed the importance of such aggregation in filling the gaps from the molecular level to device functions and highlighted the multi-scale structures and properties at different scales. From the view of multi-level aggregation behaviors, we divided the whole process from the molecule to devices into several parts: molecular design, solvation, solution-state aggregation, crystal engineering, and solid-state microstructures. We summarized the progress and challenges of relationships between optoelectronic properties and multi-level aggregation. We believe aggregation science will become an interdisciplinary research field and serves as a general platform to develop future materials with the desired functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Yang J, Franco-Cañellas A, Bürker C, Niederhausen J, Dombrowski P, Widdascheck F, Breuer T, Witte G, Gerlach A, Duhm S, Schreiber F. Pentacene/perfluoropentacene bilayers on Au(111) and Cu(111): impact of organic-metal coupling strength on molecular structure formation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2598-2606. [PMID: 36134152 PMCID: PMC9419101 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As crucial element in organic opto-electronic devices, heterostructures are of pivotal importance. In this context, a comprehensive study of the properties on a simplified model system of a donor-acceptor (D-A) bilayer structure is presented, using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and normal-incidence X-ray standing wave (NIXSW) measurements. Pentacene (PEN) as donor and perfluoropentacene (PFP) as acceptor material are chosen to produce bilayer structures on Au(111) and Cu(111) by sequential monolayer deposition of the two materials. By comparing the adsorption behavior of PEN/PFP bilayers on such weakly and strongly interacting substrates, it is found that: (i) the adsorption distance of the first layer (PEN or PFP) indicates physisorption on Au(111), (ii) the characteristics of the bilayer structure on Au(111) are (almost) independent of the deposition sequence, and hence, (iii) in both cases a mixed bilayer is formed on the Au substrate. This is in striking contrast to PFP/PEN bilayers on Cu(111), where strong chemisorption pins PEN molecules to the metal surface and no intermixing is induced by subsequent PFP deposition. The results illustrate the strong tendency of PEN and PFP molecules to mix, which has important implications for the fabrication of PEN/PFP heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices and Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices and Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | | | - Christoph Bürker
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Jens Niederhausen
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH 14109 Berlin Germany
| | - Pierre Dombrowski
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Felix Widdascheck
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Tobias Breuer
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Alexander Gerlach
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Steffen Duhm
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices and Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
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A comparative study of PffBT4T-2OD/EH-IDTBR and PffBT4T-2OD/PC71BM organic photovoltaic heterojunctions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Müller S, Manger F, Graf von Reventlow L, Colsmann A, Wagenknecht HA. Molecular Chromophore-DNA Architectures With Fullerenes: Optical Properties and Solar Cells. Front Chem 2021; 9:645006. [PMID: 33708761 PMCID: PMC7941155 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.645006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry allows the construction of complex molecular architectures and the design of collective photophysical properties. DNA is an attractive template to build such supramolecular architectures due to its helical structure, the defined distances between the bases and the canonical base pairing that results in precise control of the chromophore position. The tailored properties of DNA-templated supramolecules eventually allow their implementation into optoelectronic applications. For the generation of free charge carriers from photo-generated excitons, fullerenes can be utilized. We synthesized two fullerene derivates, one of which binds by electrostatic interactions to single-stranded DNA, while the other contains two 2'-deoxyuridine moieties and assembles specifically along oligo-2'-deoxyadenosines (dA20) as DNA template. The DNA-directed assembly of both fullerenes in aqueous solution was investigated by UV/Vis absorbance and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The specific interactions with DNA make fullerenes with the 2'-deoxyuridine moieties a significantly better component for supramolecular DNA architectures. We studied the fluorescence quenching of both fullerenes with a DNA chromophore assembly. To investigate one of the key properties for optoelectronic applications, that is the supramolecular structure of the DNA-based assemblies in the solid phase, we characterized the CD of supramolecular chromophore-DNA architectures in thin films. Remarkably, the helical chirality of the chromophore assemblies that is induced by the DNA template is conserved even in the solid state. Upon implementation into organic solar cells, the external quantum efficiency measurements showed charge carrier generation on all three chromophore components of the DNA assemblies. The fullerenes with the 2'-deoxyuridine moieties enhance the quantum efficiency of the conversion process significantly, demonstrating the potential of DNA as structural element for ordering chromophores into functional π-systems, which may be employed in future organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Felix Manger
- Material Research Center for Energy Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lorenz Graf von Reventlow
- Material Research Center for Energy Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Colsmann
- Material Research Center for Energy Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Deb P, Grimm RT, Grey JK. Unique Degradation Signatures of Organic Solar Cells with Nonfullerene Electron Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5338-5348. [PMID: 33481559 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the degradation phenomena of organic solar cells based on nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFA) using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). Devices composed of NIR absorbing blends of a polymer (PTB7) and NFA molecules (COi8DFIC) were operated in air for varying periods of time that display unusual degradation trends. Light aging (e.g., ∼3 days) results in a characteristic first quadrant (positive phase shifts) degradation feature in IMPS Nyquist (Bode) plots that grow in amplitude and frequency with increasing excitation intensity and then subsequently turns over and vanishes. By contrast, devices aged and operated in air for longer times (>5 days) display poor photovoltaic performance and have a dominant first quadrant IMPS component that grows nonlinearly with excitation intensity. We analyze these degradation trends using a simple model with descriptors underlying the first quadrant feature (i.e., trap lifetime and occupancy). The results indicate that the quasi first-order recombination rate constant, krec, is significantly slower in addition to lower trap densities in devices exhibiting light aging effects that are overcome by increasing carrier densities (viz. excitation intensity). By contrast, larger trap densities and distributions coupled with larger krec values are found to be responsible for the continuous growth of the first quadrant with light intensity. We believe that defect formation and charge recombination at device contact interfaces is chiefly responsible for performance degradation, which offers several directions for materials and device optimization strategies to minimize long-term detrimental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Deb
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Ryan T Grimm
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - John K Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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Sreedhar Ram K, Mehdizadeh-Rad H, Ompong D, Setsoafia DDY, Singh J. Characterising Exciton Generation in Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:209. [PMID: 33467502 PMCID: PMC7829893 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, characterisation of exciton generation is carried out in three bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs)-OSC1: an inverted non-fullerene (NF) BHJ OSC; OSC2: a conventional NF BHJ OSC; and OSC3: a conventional fullerene BHJ OSC. It is found that the overlap of the regions of strong constructive interference of incident and reflected electric fields of electromagnetic waves and those of high photon absorption within the active layer depends on the active layer thickness. An optimal thickness of the active layer can thus be obtained at which this overlap is maximum. We have simulated the rates of total exciton generation and position dependent exciton generation within the active layer as a function of the thicknesses of all the layers in all three OSCs and optimised their structures. Based on our simulated results, the inverted NF BHJ OSC1 is found to have better short circuit current density which may lead to better photovoltaic performance than the other two. It is expected that the results of this paper may provide guidance in fabricating highly efficient and cost effective BHJ OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Sreedhar Ram
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Purple 12, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; (K.S.R.); (H.M.-R.); (D.O.); (D.D.Y.S.)
| | - Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Purple 12, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; (K.S.R.); (H.M.-R.); (D.O.); (D.D.Y.S.)
- Energy and Resources Institute, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
| | - David Ompong
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Purple 12, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; (K.S.R.); (H.M.-R.); (D.O.); (D.D.Y.S.)
- Energy and Resources Institute, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
| | - Daniel Dodzi Yao Setsoafia
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Purple 12, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; (K.S.R.); (H.M.-R.); (D.O.); (D.D.Y.S.)
| | - Jai Singh
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Purple 12, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; (K.S.R.); (H.M.-R.); (D.O.); (D.D.Y.S.)
- Energy and Resources Institute, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
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Marqués PS, Andrés Castán JM, Habibi AH, Dabos-Seignon S, Richeter S, Mehdi A, Clément S, Blanchard P, Cabanetos C. Synthesis, characterization and use of a POSS-arylamine based push–pull octamer. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00732g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports on the synthesis and first use of a POSS-arylamine based push–pull octamer as molecular donor in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ahmad Mehdi
- ICGM
- Univ. Montpellier
- CNRS
- ENSCM
- 34095 Montpellier
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Ericsson LKE, Jalan I, Vaerneus A, Tomtlund T, Ångerman M, van Stam J. An experimental setup for dip-coating of thin films for organic solar cells under microgravity conditions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:015108. [PMID: 33514242 DOI: 10.1063/5.0018223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and testing of a custom-built experimental setup for dip-coating from volatile solutions under microgravity conditions onboard an aircraft. Function and safety considerations for the equipment are described. The equipment proved to work well, both concerning the safety and the preparation of thin films. No leakage of the solvents, nor the solvent vapors, was detected, not even in a situation with a fluctuating gravitational field due to bad weather conditions. We have shown that the equipment can be used to prepare thin films of polymer blends, relevant for organic solar cells, from solution in a feasible procedure under microgravity conditions. The prepared films are similar to the corresponding films prepared under 1 g conditions, but with differences that can be related to the absence of a gravitational field during drying of the applied liquid coating. We report on some introductory results from the characterization of the thin films that show differences in film morphology and structure sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif K E Ericsson
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 2, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Ishita Jalan
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 2, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Alf Vaerneus
- Swedish Space Corporation, P.O. Box 4207, SE-171 04 Solna, Sweden
| | - Thomas Tomtlund
- Swedish Space Corporation, P.O. Box 4207, SE-171 04 Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Ångerman
- Swedish Space Corporation, P.O. Box 4207, SE-171 04 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan van Stam
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 2, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
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Knall AC, Rabensteiner S, Hoefler SF, Reinfelds M, Hobisch M, Ehmann HMA, Pastukhova N, Pavlica E, Bratina G, Hanzu I, Wen S, Yang R, Trimmel G, Rath T. A pyrrolopyridazinedione-based copolymer for fullerene-free organic solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04573j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study deals with the synthesis and thorough characterization of the conjugated polymer T-EHPPD-T-EHBDT, which shows promising performance in polymer/non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid-Caroline Knall
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
- Anton Paar GmbH
- 8054 Graz
| | - Samuel Rabensteiner
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Sebastian Franz Hoefler
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Matiss Reinfelds
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Mathias Hobisch
- Institute of Paper, Pulp and Fibre Technology, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | | | - Nadiia Pastukhova
- Laboratory of Organic Matter Physics, University of Nova Gorica
- 5270 Ajdovščina
- Slovenia
| | - Egon Pavlica
- Laboratory of Organic Matter Physics, University of Nova Gorica
- 5270 Ajdovščina
- Slovenia
| | - Gvido Bratina
- Laboratory of Organic Matter Physics, University of Nova Gorica
- 5270 Ajdovščina
- Slovenia
| | - Ilie Hanzu
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Shuguang Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- China
| | - Gregor Trimmel
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Thomas Rath
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
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49
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Yao ZF, Wang JY, Pei J. High-performance polymer field-effect transistors: from the perspective of multi-level microstructures. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1193-1205. [PMID: 34163881 PMCID: PMC8179153 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The multi-level microstructure of conjugated polymers is the most critical parameter determining the charge transport property in field-effect transistors (FETs). However, controlling the hierarchical microstructures and the structural evolution remains a significant challenge. In this perspective, we discuss the key aspects of multi-level microstructures of conjugated polymers towards high-performance FETs. We highlight the recent progress in the molecular structures, solution-state aggregation, and polymer crystal structures, representing the multi-level microstructures of conjugated polymers. By tuning polymer hierarchical microstructures, we attempt to provide several guidelines for developing high-performance polymer FETs and polymer electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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50
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Zheng B, Huo L. Recent advances of dithienobenzodithiophene-based organic semiconductors for organic electronics. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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