1
|
Yang DK, Tungalag T, Kang HS. Bulbils of Aerial Yam Attenuate Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in HepG2 Cells through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress by Activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:542. [PMID: 38398866 PMCID: PMC10892442 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bulbil of yam (BY) extract contains various active compounds possessing many pharmacological properties. However, little is known about the effect and underlying mechanism of BY extract on ethanol-induced liver damage. The present study explored the beneficial potential of BY extract on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. To evaluate its effectiveness, ethanol-induced HepG2 liver cells were pretreated with BY extract. BY extract effectively rescued cells from ethanol treatment through inhibition of apoptotic cell death as well as inhibiting expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins as stress inducers. BY extract increased the expression of typical antioxidants. Furthermore, BY extract significantly inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which are major ROS-inducing factors. Finally, as an underlying mechanism of the protective effects of BY extract on ethanol-induced liver damage, it activated Nrf2 protein through translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus, which in turn activated its target oxidative stress suppressor genes. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that BY extract has potential antioxidative effects in ethanol-induced liver cells and contributes to the establishment of a treatment strategy for alcohol-derived liver injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kwon Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (D.K.Y.); (T.T.)
| | - Tsendsuren Tungalag
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (D.K.Y.); (T.T.)
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sub Kang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (D.K.Y.); (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Awaida W, Goh KW, Al-Ameer HJ, Gushchina YS, Torshin VI, Severin AE, Al Bawareed O, Srour B, Al Farraj J, Hamad I. Assessing the Protective Role of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) against Water-Pipe Smoke-Induced Toxicity: A Comparative Study on Gene Expression and Histopathology. Molecules 2023; 28:7502. [PMID: 38005223 PMCID: PMC10673035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to water-pipe smoking, whether flavored or unflavored, has been shown to instigate inflammation and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice. This consequently results in alterations in the expression of inflammatory markers and antioxidant genes. This study aimed to scrutinize the impact of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-a key active component of green tea-on inflammation and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice exposed to water-pipe smoke. The experimental setup included a control group, a flavored water-pipe smoke (FWP) group, an unflavored water-pipe smoke (UFWP) group, and EGCG-treated flavored and unflavored groups (FWP + EGCG and UFWP + EGCG). Expression levels of IL-6, IL1B, TNF-α, CAT, GPXI, MT-I, MT-II, SOD-I, SOD-II, and SOD-III were evaluated in lung, liver, and kidney tissues. Histopathological changes were also assessed. The findings revealed that the EGCG-treated groups manifested a significant decline in the expression of inflammatory markers and antioxidant genes compared to the FWP and UFWP groups. This insinuates that EGCG holds the capacity to alleviate the damaging effects of water-pipe smoke-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, enhancements in histopathological features were observed in the EGCG-treated groups, signifying a protective effect against tissue damage induced by water-pipe smoking. These results underscore the potential of EGCG as a protective agent against the adverse effects of water-pipe smoking. By curbing inflammation and oxidative stress, EGCG may aid in the prevention or mitigation of smoking-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajdy Al-Awaida
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
| | - Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU), Amman 19328, Jordan;
| | - Yulia Sh. Gushchina
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir I. Torshin
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Alexandr E. Severin
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Omar Al Bawareed
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Besan Srour
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Jude Al Farraj
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Islam Hamad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kalocayova B, Kura B, Vlkovicova J, Snurikova D, Vrbjar N, Frimmel K, Hudec V, Ondrusek M, Gasparovic I, Sramaty R, Luptak J, Hulman M, LeBaron TW, Slezak J. Molecular hydrogen: prospective treatment strategy of kidney damage after cardiac surgery. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:502-508. [PMID: 37463517 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury is a common post-operative complication, mostly due to increasing oxidative stress. Recently, molecular hydrogen (H2 gas) has also been applied to cardiac surgery due to its ability to reduce oxidative stress. We evaluated the potential effect of H2 application on the kidney in an in vivo model of simulated heart transplantation. Pigs underwent cardiac surgery within 3 h while connected to extracorporeal circulation (ECC) and subsequent 60 min of spontaneous reperfusion of the heart. We used two experimental groups: T-pigs after transplantation and TH-pigs after transplantation treated with 4% H2 mixed with air during inhalation of anesthesia and throughout oxygenation of blood in ECC. The levels of creatinine, urea and phosphorus were measured in plasma. Renal tissue samples were analyzed by Western blot method for protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1), and superoxide dismutase (SOD1). After cardiac surgery, selected plasma biomarkers were elevated. However, H2 therapy was followed by the normalization of all these parameters. Our results suggest activation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway as well as increased SOD1 protein expression in the group treated with H2. The administration of H2 had a protective effect on the kidneys of pigs after cardiac surgery, especially in terms of normalization of plasma biomarkers to control levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Vlkovicova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Snurikova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Vrbjar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karel Frimmel
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladan Hudec
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matej Ondrusek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivo Gasparovic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Sramaty
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Luptak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Hulman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tyler W LeBaron
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Basu P, Maier C, Averitt DL, Basu A. NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and peripheral neuropathic pain - Emphasis on microRNAs (miRNAs) as important regulators. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175901. [PMID: 37451423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system and can be initiated and/or maintained by both central and peripheral mechanisms. Nerve injury leads to neuronal damage and apoptosis associated with the release of an array of pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns to activate inflammasomes. The activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to neuropathic pain and may represent a novel target for pain therapeutic development. In the current review, we provide an up-to-date summary of the recent findings on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in modulating neuropathic pain development and maintenance, focusing on peripheral neuropathic conditions. Here we provide a detailed review of the mechanisms whereby NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to neuropathic pain via (1) neuroinflammation, (2) apoptosis, (3) pyroptosis, (4) proinflammatory cytokine release, (5) mitochondrial dysfunction, and (6) oxidative stress. We then present the current research literature reporting on the antinociceptive effects of several natural products and pharmacological interventions that target activation, expression, and/or regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, we emphasize the effects of microRNAs as another regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome. In conclusion, we summarize the possible caveats and future perspectives that might provide successful therapeutic approaches against NLRP3 inflammasome for treating or preventing neuropathic pain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, The Pittsburgh Project to End Opioid Misuse, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Camelia Maier
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Dayna L Averitt
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen SY, Kannan M. Neural crest cells and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Mechanisms and potential targets for prevention. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106855. [PMID: 37460002 PMCID: PMC10528842 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a group of preventable and nongenetic birth defects caused by prenatal alcohol exposure that can result in a range of cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and functioning deficits, as well as craniofacial dysmorphology and other congenital defects. During embryonic development, neural crest cells (NCCs) play a critical role in giving rise to many cell types in the developing embryos, including those in the peripheral nervous system and craniofacial structures. Ethanol exposure during this critical period can have detrimental effects on NCC induction, migration, differentiation, and survival, leading to a broad range of structural and functional abnormalities observed in individuals with FASD. This review article provides an overview of the current knowledge on the detrimental effects of ethanol on NCC induction, migration, differentiation, and survival. The article also examines the molecular mechanisms involved in ethanol-induced NCC dysfunction, such as oxidative stress, altered gene expression, apoptosis, epigenetic modifications, and other signaling pathways. Furthermore, the review highlights potential therapeutic strategies for preventing or mitigating the detrimental effects of ethanol on NCCs and reducing the risk of FASD. Overall, this article offers a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the impact of ethanol on NCCs and its role in FASD, shedding light on potential avenues for future research and intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Maharajan Kannan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Atta AA, Ibrahim WW, Mohamed AF, Abdelkader NF. Targeting α7-nAChR by galantamine mitigates reserpine-induced fibromyalgia-like symptoms in rats: Involvement of cAMP/PKA, PI3K/AKT, and M1/M2 microglia polarization. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 952:175810. [PMID: 37245858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a pain disorder marked by generalized musculoskeletal pain accompanied by depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Galantamine (Gal) is a positive allosteric modulator of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase. The current study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of Gal against reserpine (Res)-induced FM-like condition along with investigating the α7-nAChR's role in Gal-mediated effects. Rats were injected with Res (1 mg/kg/day; sc) for 3 successive days then Gal (5 mg/kg/day; ip) was given alone and with the α7-nAChR blocker methyllycaconitine (3 mg/kg/day; ip), for the subsequent 5 days. Galantamine alleviated Res-induced histopathological changes and monoamines depletion in rats' spinal cord. It also exerted analgesic effect along with ameliorating Res-induced depression and motor-incoordination as confirmed by behavioral tests. Moreover, Gal produced anti-inflammatory effect through modulating AKT1/AKT2 and shifting M1/M2 macrophage polarization. The neuroprotective effects of Gal were mediated through activating cAMP/PKA and PI3K/AKT pathways in α7-nAChR-dependent manner. Thus, Gal can ameliorate Res-induced FM-like symptoms and mitigate the associated monoamines depletion, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration through α7-nAChR stimulation, with the involvement of cAMP/PKA, PI3K/AKT, and M1/M2 macrophage polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahd A Atta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Weam W Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha F Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andreu-Fernández V, Serra-Delgado M, Almeida-Toledano L, García-Meseguer À, Vieiros M, Ramos-Triguero A, Muñoz-Lozano C, Navarro-Tapia E, Martínez L, García-Algar Ó, Gómez-Roig MD. Effect of Postnatal Epigallocatechin-Gallate Treatment on Cardiac Function in Mice Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051067. [PMID: 37237934 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure affects the cardiovascular health of the offspring. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be a protective agent against it, but no data are available regarding its impact on cardiac dysfunction. We investigated the presence of cardiac alterations in mice prenatally exposed to alcohol and the effect of postnatal EGCG treatment on cardiac function and related biochemical pathways. C57BL/6J pregnant mice received 1.5 g/kg/day (Mediterranean pattern), 4.5 g/kg/day (binge pattern) of ethanol, or maltodextrin until Day 19 of pregnancy. Post-delivery, treatment groups received EGCG-supplemented water. At post-natal Day 60, functional echocardiographies were performed. Heart biomarkers of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and cardiac damage were analyzed by Western blot. BNP and Hif1α increased and Nrf2 decreased in mice prenatally exposed to the Mediterranean alcohol pattern. Bcl-2 was downregulated in the binge PAE drinking pattern. Troponin I, glutathione peroxidase, and Bax increased in both ethanol exposure patterns. Prenatal alcohol exposure led to cardiac dysfunction in exposed mice, evidenced by a reduced ejection fraction, left ventricle posterior wall thickness at diastole, and Tei index. EGCG postnatal therapy restored the physiological levels of these biomarkers and improved cardiac dysfunction. These findings suggest that postnatal EGCG treatment attenuates the cardiac damage caused by prenatal alcohol exposure in the offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Andreu-Fernández
- Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute, Valencian International University (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariona Serra-Delgado
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Almeida-Toledano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àgueda García-Meseguer
- Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Clínic-Maternitat, ICGON, IDIBAPS, BCNatal, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melina Vieiros
- Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Clínic-Maternitat, ICGON, IDIBAPS, BCNatal, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ramos-Triguero
- Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Clínic-Maternitat, ICGON, IDIBAPS, BCNatal, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concha Muñoz-Lozano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Navarro-Tapia
- Biosanitary Research Institute, Valencian International University (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Martínez
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar García-Algar
- Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Clínic-Maternitat, ICGON, IDIBAPS, BCNatal, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María D Gómez-Roig
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Davies BM, Katayama JK, Monsivais JE, Adams JR, Dilts ME, Eberting AL, Hansen JM. Real-time analysis of dynamic compartmentalized GSH redox shifts and H 2O 2 availability in undifferentiated and differentiated cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130321. [PMID: 36870547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant, small biothiol antioxidant. GSH redox state (Eh) supports developmental processes, yet with disrupted GSH Eh, poor developmental outcomes may occur. The role of subcellular, compartmentalized redox environments in the context of redox regulation of differentiation is not well understood. Here, using the P19 neurogenesis model of cellular differentiation, kinetics of subcellular H2O2 availability and GSH Eh were evaluated following oxidant exposure. METHODS Stably transfected P19 cell lines expressing H2O2 availability or GSH Eh sensors, Orp1-roGFP or Grx1-roGFP, respectively, targeted to the cytosol, mitochondria, or nucleus were used. Dynamic, compartmentalized changes in H2O2 availability and GSH Eh were measured via spectrophotometric and confocal microscopy over 120 min following treatment with H2O2 (100 μM) in both differentiated and undifferentiated cells. RESULTS Generally, treated undifferentiated cells showed a greater degree and duration of both H2O2 availability and GSH Eh disruption than differentiated neurons. In treated undifferentiated cells, H2O2 availability was similar in all compartments. Interestingly, in treated undifferentiated cells, mitochondrial GSH Eh was most affected in both the initial oxidation and the rebound kinetics compared to other compartments. Pretreatment with an Nrf2 inducer prevented H2O2-induced effects in all compartments of undifferentiated cells. CONCLUSIONS Disruption of redox-sensitive developmental pathways is likely stage specific, where cells that are less differentiated and/or are actively differentiating are most affected. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Undifferentiated cells are more susceptible to oxidant-induced redox dysregulation but are protected by chemicals that induce Nrf2. This may preserve developmental programs and diminish the potential for poor developmental outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Davies
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jenna K Katayama
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Joshua E Monsivais
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - James R Adams
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Miriam E Dilts
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Arielle L Eberting
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Cell Biology and Physiology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kulkarni N, Gadde R, Betharia S. Dithiolethiones D3T and ACDT Protect Against Iron Overload-Induced Cytotoxicity and Serve as Ferroptosis Inhibitors in U-87 MG Cells. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03927-7. [PMID: 37061657 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03927-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload-induced oxidative stress is implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders. Given the numerous adverse effects associated with current iron chelators, natural antioxidants are being explored as alternative therapeutic options. Dithiolethiones found in cruciferous vegetables have emerged as promising candidates against a wide range of toxicants owing to their lipophilic and cytoprotective properties. Here, we test the dithiolethiones 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) and 5-amino-3-thioxo-3H-(1,2) dithiole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (ACDT) against ferric ammonium citrate (FAC)-induced toxicity in U-87 MG astrocytoma cells. Exposure to 15 mM FAC for 24 h resulted in 54% cell death. A 24-h pretreatment with 50 μM D3T and ACDT prevented this cytotoxicity. Both dithiolethiones exhibited antioxidant effects by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) transcription factor and upregulating levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH). This resulted in the successful inhibition of FAC-induced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and cell death. Additionally, D3T and ACDT upregulated expression of the Nrf2-mediated iron storage protein ferritin which consequently reduced the total labile iron pool. A 24-h pretreatment with D3T and ACDT also prevented cell death induced by the ferroptosis inducer erastin by upregulating the transmembrane cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) expression. The resulting increase in intracellular GSH and alleviation of lipid peroxidation was comparable to that caused by ferrostatin-1, a specific ferroptosis inhibitor. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that dithiolethiones may show promise as potential therapeutic options for the treatment of iron overload disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rajitha Gadde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Swati Betharia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Oh SH, Lee SE, Han DH, Yoon JW, Kim SH, Lim ES, Lee HB, Kim EY, Park SP. Treatments of Porcine Nuclear Recipient Oocytes and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Generated Embryos with Various Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers Lead to Improvements of Their Quality Parameters and Developmental Competences by Mitigating Oxidative Stress-Related Impacts. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:73-81. [PMID: 36939858 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant effects of β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), hesperetin (HES), and icariin (ICA), and their effects on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Treatment with 1 μM BCX (BCX-1) increased the developmental rate of porcine oocytes more than treatment with 100 μM HES (HES-100) or 5 μM ICA (ICA-5). The glutathione level and mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (NFE2L2, SOD1, and SOD2) were more increased in the BCX-1 group than in the HES-100 and ICA-5 groups, while the reactive oxygen species level was more decreased. Moreover, BCX improved the developmental capacity and quality of SCNT embryos. The total cell number, apoptotic cell rate, and development-related gene expression were modulated in the BCX-1 group to enhance embryonic development of SCNT. These results show that the antioxidant effects of BCX enhance in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of SCNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwan Oh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Yoon
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Lim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Han-Bi Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Esfahani M, Rahbar AH, Asl SS, Bashirian S, Mir Moeini ES, Mehri F. The Effects of Resveratrol on Silica-Induced Lung Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:118-123. [PMID: 36941929 PMCID: PMC10024237 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure to silica is related with the provocation of an inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanism. Vitamin D has multiple benefits in biological activities particularly respiratory system disease. Method In this research, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats /group) as follow: Group1 received saline as (negative control) group. The group 2 received a single IT instillation of silica (positive control) group; the group 3 was co-administrated with single IT silica and Vitamin D (20 mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 90 days. The rats of group 4 received Vitamin D daily for a period of 90 days. Results Silica significantly increased serum and lung total Oxidant Status (TOS). Meanwhile, silica reduced serum and lung total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a). Vitamin D treatment meaningfully reversed oxidative stress, antioxidants status and inflammatory response. Also, Vitamin D improved histopathological changes caused by silica. Conclusion These findings indicate that Vitamin D exerts protective effects against silica-induced lung injury. It seems that Vitamin D has potential use as a therapeutic object for silica induced lung injure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esfahani
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Rahbar
- Ayatollah Bahari Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saed Bashirian
- Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Effat Sadat Mir Moeini
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehri
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shen B, Wang Y, Cheng J, Peng Y, Zhang Q, Li Z, Zhao L, Deng X, Feng H. Pterostilbene alleviated NAFLD via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways and autophagy by promoting Nrf2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154561. [PMID: 36610156 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD is a liver disease that is caused by liver damage or extreme lipid deposition but not alcohol. Nrf2 could mediate resistance to oxidative stress injury. Autophagy can degrade metabolic waste and accumulated toxic endogenous substances. Pterostilbene (PTE) is an active compound extracted from blueberry, and grape, that exhibits many biological effects, such as antiinflammation and antitumor. PURPOSE This study provides a mechanism of PTE affecting on oxidative stress and autophagy in NAFLD mice. Tyloxapol, oil acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) were used to induce lipid accumulation in mice and HepG2 cells. METHODS Western blotting, CRISPR/Cas 9 and other molecular biological approaches were applied to explore the mechanisms of PTE effected on NAFLD. RESULTS PTE pretreatment effectively reduced the lipid accumulation in OA and PA induced HepG2 cells and tyloxapol induced mice, and significantly promoted the expression of nNrf2, PPAR-α and HO-1, and AMPK activity, but inhibited the expression of mTORC 1 and SREBP-1c. PTE activated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and proteins in the autophagy-related gene (ATG) family, and promoted the transformation of LC3Ⅰ to LC3Ⅱ which indicated the activation of autophagy, however, these effects were abolished after Nrf2 knockout. CONCLUSION PTE effectively alleviated oxidative stress damage induced by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, thus promoting the metabolism and decomposition of fatty acids to improve NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yeling Wang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Lilei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Haihua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Akbari A. Reply to Letter to Editor by Elumalai et al. re : "Ginger ( Zingiber officinale roscoe) extract could upregulate the renal expression of NRF2 and TNFα and prevents ethanol-induced toxicity in rat kidney". AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2023; 13:3-6. [PMID: 36698731 PMCID: PMC9840780 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.66674.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dematei A, Costa SR, Moreira DC, Barbosa EA, Friaça Albuquerque LF, Vasconcelos AG, Nascimento T, Silva PC, Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Saldanha-Araújo F, Silva Mancini MC, Saboia Ponte LG, Neves Bezerra RM, Simabuco FM, Batagin-Neto A, Brand G, Borges TKS, Eaton P, Leite JRSA. Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of the First Tryptophyllin Found in Snake Venom ( Bothrops moojeni). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2695-2705. [PMID: 36508333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report the isolation, characterization, and synthesis of the peptide BmT-2 belonging to the tryptophyllins family, isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops moojeni. This is the first time a tryptophyllin is identified in snake venom. We tested whether BmT-2 had cytotoxic effects and antioxidant activity in a set of experiments that included both in vitro and cell-based assays. BmT-2 presented a radical scavenging activity toward ABTS• and AAPH-derived radicals. BmT-2 protected fluorescein, DNA molecules, and human red blood cells (RBCs) from free radicals generated by the thermal decomposition of AAPH. The novel tryptophyllin was not toxic in cell viability tests, where it (up to 0.4 mg/mL) did not cause hemolysis of human RBCs and did not cause significant loss of cell viability, showing a CC50 > 1.5 mM for cytotoxic effects against SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. BmT-2 prevented the arsenite-induced upregulation of Nrf2 in Neuro-2a neuroblasts and the phorbol myristate acetate-induced overgeneration of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in SK-N-BE(2) neuroblastoma cells. Electronic structure calculations and full atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations revealed the relevant contribution of aromatic residues in BmT-2 to its antioxidant properties. Our study presents a novel peptide classified into the family of the tryptophyllins, which has been reported exclusively in amphibians. Despite the promising results on its antioxidant activity and low cytotoxicity, the mechanisms of action of BmT-2 still need to be further elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Dematei
- Center for Tropical Medicine (NMT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Ribeiro Costa
- Laboratory for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules (LSAB), Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Moreira
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Eder Alves Barbosa
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
- Laboratory for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules (LSAB), Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas F Friaça Albuquerque
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Andreanne G Vasconcelos
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Tiago Nascimento
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (Biotec), Parnaiba Delta Federal University, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Pedro Costa Silva
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology (Biotec), Parnaiba Delta Federal University, Parnaíba 64202-020, Brazil
| | - Amandda É Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araújo
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo Silva Mancini
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Saboia Ponte
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Maria Neves Bezerra
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Augusto Batagin-Neto
- Institute of Science and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Itapeva, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Brand
- Laboratory for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules (LSAB), Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Karla S Borges
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Peter Eaton
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4099-002, Portugal
- The Bridge, Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, U.K
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Center for Tropical Medicine (NMT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology (NuPMIA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pleeging CCF, de Rooster H, Van Wijk B, Wagener FADTG, Cremers NAJ. Intra-socket application of medical-grade honey after tooth extraction attenuates inflammation and promotes healing in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:e618-e627. [PMID: 36315457 PMCID: PMC9743079 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221125772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental diseases are a major problem in cats and often necessitate tooth extraction. Medical-grade honey (MGH) has antimicrobial and wound-healing properties, and therefore the aim of this study was to investigate whether intra-socket application improved healing after tooth extraction. It was postulated that applying MGH would reduce inflammation, improve the viability of the surgical flap and enhance healing following tooth extraction. METHODS A prospective randomised controlled trial was performed in client-owned cats undergoing bilateral tooth extractions of the same element of the canine or (pre)molar tooth. A split-mouth design was used in which every animal served as its own control. After surgical extraction of the elements, the sockets on one side were filled with an MGH-based ointment (L-Mesitran Soft), whereas the contralateral side received no treatment (control). A mucoperiosteal flap was used on both sides, and simple interrupted monofilament sutures were placed. No antimicrobial drugs were administered. Clinical parameters (inflammation/redness, flap viability and wound healing) were subjectively analysed on days 3 and 7 post-extraction by a veterinarian blinded to the treatment. RESULTS Twenty-one cats were included. MGH significantly decreased signs of inflammation (P <0.01), improved mucoperiosteal flap viability (P <0.01) and promoted wound healing (P = 0.01), at both time points. MGH was easy to apply and there were no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Intra-socket application of MGH after tooth extraction positively affects the surgical wound, as it reduces redness, improves flap viability and enhances wound healing. Applying MGH represents a potent adjuvant therapy to support intra-oral wound healing after tooth extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos CF Pleeging
- Dierenkliniek Hoogveld, Echt, The Netherlands,Department of Dentistry – Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde de Rooster
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bas Van Wijk
- Department of Dentistry – Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank ADTG Wagener
- Department of Dentistry – Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels AJ Cremers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Triticum Exploitatie BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Niels AJ Cremers PhD, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P Debyelaan 25, 6229HX, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands Emails: ;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dionne G, Calder M, Betts DH, Rafea BA, Watson AJ. Expression and localization of NRF2/Keap1 signalling pathway genes in mouse preimplantation embryos exposed to free fatty acids. Gene Expr Patterns 2022; 46:119281. [PMID: 36243294 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2022.119281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Obese women experience greater incidence of infertility, with reproductive tracts exposing preimplantation embryos to elevated free fatty acids (FFA) such as palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). PA treatment impairs mouse preimplantation development in vitro, while OA co-treatment rescues blastocyst development of PA treated embryos. In the present study, we investigated the effects of PA and OA treatment on NRF2/Keap1 localization, and relative antioxidant enzyme (Glutathione peroxidase; Gpx1, Catalase; Cat, Superoxide dismutase; Sod1 and γ-Glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic unit; Gclc) mRNA levels, during in vitro mouse preimplantation embryo development. Female mice were superovulated, mated, and embryos cultured in the presence of bovine Serum albumin (BSA) control or PA, or OA, alone (each at 100 μM) or PA + OA combined (each at 100 μM) treatment. NRF2 displayed nuclear localization at all developmental stages, whereas Keap1 primarily displayed cytoplasmic localization throughout control mouse preimplantation development in vitro. Relative transcript levels of Nrf2, Keap1, and downstream antioxidants significantly increased throughout control mouse preimplantation development in vitro. PA treatment significantly decreased blastocyst development and the levels of nuclear NRF2, while OA and PA + OA treatments did not. PA and OA treatments did not impact relative mRNA levels of Nrf2, Keap1, Gpx1, Cat, Sod1 or Gclc. Our outcomes demonstrate that cultured mouse embryos display nuclear NRF2, but that PA treatment reduces nuclear NRF2 and thus likely impacts NRF2/KEAP1 stress response mechanisms. Further studies should investigate whether free fatty acid effects on NRF2/KEAP1 contribute to the reduced fertility displayed by obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Dionne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute - Lawson Health Research Institute, London ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michele Calder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute - Lawson Health Research Institute, London ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Dean H Betts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute - Lawson Health Research Institute, London ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Basim Abu Rafea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute - Lawson Health Research Institute, London ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Andrew J Watson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C1, Canada; The Children's Health Research Institute - Lawson Health Research Institute, London ON, N6C 2R5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Semaniuk UV, Gospodaryov DV, Strilbytska OM, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Burdyliuk NI, Storey KB, Bayliak MM, Lushchak O. Chili-supplemented food decreases glutathione- S-transferase activity in Drosophila melanogaster females without a change in other parameters of antioxidant system. Redox Rep 2022; 27:221-229. [PMID: 36200601 PMCID: PMC9553170 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2123884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many plant-derived anti-aging preparations influence antioxidant defense system. Consumption of food supplemented with chili pepper powder was found to extend lifespan in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The present study aimed to test a connection between life-extending effect of chili powder and antioxidant defense system of D. melanogaster. METHODS Flies were reared for 15 days in the mortality cages on food with 0% (control), 0.04%, 0.12%, 0.4%, or 3% chili powder. Antioxidant and related enzymes, as well as oxidative stress indices were measured. RESULTS Female flies that consumed chili-supplemented food had a 40-60% lower glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity as compared with the control cohort. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was about 37% higher in males that consumed food with 3% chili powder in comparison with the control cohort. Many of the parameters studied were sex-dependent. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of chili-supplemented food extends lifespan in fruit fly cohorts in a concentration- and gender-dependent manner. However, this extension is not mediated by a strengthening of antioxidant defenses. Consumption of chili-supplemented food does not change the specific relationship between antioxidant and related enzymes in D. melanogaster, and does not change the linkage of the activities of these enzymes to fly gender.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uliana V Semaniuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Olha M Strilbytska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Sokół-Łętowska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Nadia I Burdyliuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | | | - Maria M Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.,Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gehrer CM, Hoffmann A, Hilbe R, Grubwieser P, Mitterstiller AM, Talasz H, Fang FC, Meyron-Holtz EG, Atkinson SH, Weiss G, Nairz M. Availability of Ferritin-Bound Iron to Enterobacteriaceae. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13087. [PMID: 36361875 PMCID: PMC9657528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The sequestration of iron in case of infection, termed nutritional immunity, is an established strategy of host defense. However, the interaction between pathogens and the mammalian iron storage protein ferritin is hitherto not completely understood. To better characterize the function of ferritin in Gram-negative infections, we incubated iron-starved cultures of Salmonella Typhimurium and knockout mutant strains defective for major iron uptake pathways or Escherichia coli with horse spleen ferritin or ionic iron as the sole iron source. Additionally, we added bovine superoxide dismutase and protease inhibitors to the growth medium to assess the effect of superoxide and bacterial proteases, respectively, on Salmonella proliferation and reductive iron release. Compared to free ionic iron, ferritin-bound iron was less available to Salmonella, but was still sufficient to significantly enhance the growth of the bacteria. In the absence of various iron acquisition genes, the availability of ferritin iron further decreased. Supplementation with superoxide dismutase significantly reduced the growth of the ΔentC knockout strain with holoferritin as the sole iron source in comparison with ionic ferrous iron. In contrast, this difference was not observed in the wildtype strain, suggesting that superoxide dismutase undermines bacterial iron uptake from ferritin by siderophore-independent mechanisms. Ferritin seems to diminish iron availability for bacteria in comparison to ionic iron, and its iron sequestering effect could possibly be enhanced by host superoxide dismutase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens M. Gehrer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Grubwieser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna-Maria Mitterstiller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Talasz
- Biocenter, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Universitiy of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ferric C. Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7735, USA
| | - Esther G. Meyron-Holtz
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Sarah H. Atkinson
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi 80108, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mezhnina V, Ebeigbe OP, Poe A, Kondratov RV. Circadian Control of Mitochondria in Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:647-663. [PMID: 35072523 PMCID: PMC9587791 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria produce most of the cellular ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Energy metabolism in the mitochondria is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS production leads to oxidative stress and compromises cellular physiology. Energy metabolism in the mitochondria depends on nutrient flux and cellular metabolic needs, which are in turn connected with the feeding/fasting cycle. In animals, the feeding/fasting cycle is controlled by the circadian clock that generates 24-h rhythms in behavior, metabolism, and signaling. Recent Advances: Here, we discuss the role of the circadian clock and rhythms in mitochondria on ROS homeostasis. The circadian clock is involved in mitochondrial ROS production and detoxification through the control of nutrient flux and oxidation, uncoupling, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial dynamics. Critical Issues: Little is known on the molecular mechanisms of circadian control of mitochondrial functions. The circadian clock regulates the expression and activity of mitochondrial metabolic and antioxidant enzymes. The regulation involves a direct transcriptional control by Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput/brain and muscle ARNT-like 1(CLOCK/BMAL1), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcriptional network, and sirtuin-dependent posttranslational protein modifications. Future Perspectives: We hypothesize that the circadian clock orchestrates mitochondrial physiology to synchronize it with the feeding/fasting cycle. Circadian coordination of mitochondrial function couples energy metabolism with diets and contributes to antioxidant defense to prevent metabolic diseases and delay aging. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 647-663.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volha Mezhnina
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Oghogho P. Ebeigbe
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan Poe
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Roman V. Kondratov
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Meher A. Role of Transcription Factors in the Management of Preterm Birth: Impact on Future Treatment Strategies. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1408-1420. [PMID: 36131222 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is defined as the birth of a neonate before 37 weeks of gestation and is considered as a leading cause of the under five deaths of neonates. Neonates born preterm are known to have higher perinatal mortality and morbidity with associated risks of low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, gastrointestinal, immunologic, central nervous system, hearing, and vision problems, cerebral palsy, and delayed development. India leads the list of countries with the greatest number of preterm births. The studies focusing on the molecular mechanisms related to the etiology of preterm birth have described the role of different transcription factors. With respect to this, transcription factors like peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kβ), nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and progesterone receptor (PR) are known to be associated with preterm labor. All these transcription factors are linked together with a common cascade involving inflammatory processes. Thus, the current review describes the possible cross-talk between these transcription factors and their therapeutic potential to prevent or manage preterm labor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Meher
- Central Research Laboratory, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India, 422003.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nataraj B, Maharajan K, Malafaia G, Hemalatha D, Ahmed MAI, Ramesh M. Gene expression profiling in liver of zebrafish exposed to ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and its photoproducts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154046. [PMID: 35217044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the ecotoxicological potential of organic ultraviolet filters (OU-VFs) has received growing attention. However, the toxicity of its photoproducts or transformation products on freshwater vertebrates has been little explored. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the possible adverse effects of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC) and its photoproducts [2-ethylhexanol (2-EH) and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (4-MBA)] on the expression of stress-responsive and antioxidant genes. For this, zebrafish (Danio rerio) adults were exposed to pollutants at an environmentally relevant concentration (3 μg/L) and evaluated after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure. The results of the principal component analysis (PCA) and two-way repeated measures (RM) ANOVA revealed that EHMC, 2-EH, and 4-MBA exposure caused significant downregulation of the genes hsp70, nrf2, cyp1a, ahr, sod1, sod2, cat, gstp1, gpx1a, gss, and gsr (on all trial days) in the liver of the animals. On the other hand, taken together, our data did not show significant differences between the effects induced by EHMC and its photoproducts. The genes evaluated in the present study play a major role in regulating the defensive antioxidant response against EHMC and its photoproducts. Additionally, our study provides an insight into the mechanisms of those OU-VFs in freshwater fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Nataraj
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Kannan Maharajan
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu - 641014, India
| | | | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Parny M, Coste A, Aubouy A, Rahabi M, Prat M, Pipy B, Treilhou M. Differential immunomodulatory effects of six pesticides of different chemical classes on human monocyte-derived macrophage functions. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112992. [PMID: 35395341 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides through eyes, skin, ingestion and inhalation may affects human health by interfering with immune cells, such as macrophages. We evaluated, in vitro, the effect of six pesticides widely used in apple arboriculture on the functions of human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). hMDMs were cultured for 4 or 24 h with or without pesticides (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol.L-1). We showed that chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, thiophanate, boscalid, and captan had little toxic effect at the tested concentrations, while dithianon had low-cytotoxicity at 10 μmol.L-1. While boscalid showed no effect on hMDMs function, thiophanate (0.01 μmol.L-1) stimulated with TPA and thiacloprid (1, 10 μmol.L-1) stimulated with zymosan activated ROS production. Chlorpyrifos, dithianon, and captan inhibited ROS production and TNF-α, IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokines. We established that dithianon (0.01-1 μmol.L-1) and captan (0.1, 1 μmol.L-1) induced mRNA expression of NQO1 and HMOX1 antioxidant enzymes. Dithianon also induced the mRNA expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase-2 at 10 μmol.L-1. Together, these results show that exposure to chlorpyrifos, dithianon, and captan induce immunomodulatory effects that may influence the disease fighting properties of monocytes/macrophages while pesticides such as thiacloprid, thiophanate and boscalid have little influence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Parny
- EA7417, BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France; PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Agnès Coste
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Agnès Aubouy
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Mouna Rahabi
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Melissa Prat
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Bernard Pipy
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Michel Treilhou
- EA7417, BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mogadem A, Naqvi A, Almamary MA, Ahmad WA, Jemon K, El-Alfy SH. Hepatoprotective effects of flexirubin, a novel pigment from Chryseobacterium artocarpi, against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury: An in vivo study and molecular modeling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 444:116022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
24
|
Revolutionizing non-conventional wound healing using honey by simultaneously targeting multiple molecular mechanisms. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 62:100834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
25
|
Carpenter EL, Becker AL, Indra AK. NRF2 and Key Transcriptional Targets in Melanoma Redox Manipulation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061531. [PMID: 35326683 PMCID: PMC8946769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanocytes are dendritic, pigment-producing cells located in the skin and are responsible for its protection against the deleterious effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which include DNA damage and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). They do so by synthesizing photoprotective melanin pigments and distributing them to adjacent skin cells (e.g., keratinocytes). However, melanocytes encounter a large burden of oxidative stress during this process, due to both exogenous and endogenous sources. Therefore, melanocytes employ numerous antioxidant defenses to protect themselves; these are largely regulated by the master stress response transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Key effector transcriptional targets of NRF2 include the components of the glutathione and thioredoxin antioxidant systems. Despite these defenses, melanocyte DNA often is subject to mutations that result in the dysregulation of the proliferative mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the cell cycle. Following tumor initiation, endogenous antioxidant systems are co-opted, a consequence of elevated oxidative stress caused by metabolic reprogramming, to establish an altered redox homeostasis. This altered redox homeostasis contributes to tumor progression and metastasis, while also complicating the application of exogenous antioxidant treatments. Further understanding of melanocyte redox homeostasis, in the presence or absence of disease, would contribute to the development of novel therapies to aid in the prevention and treatment of melanomas and other skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan L. Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (E.L.C.); (A.L.B.)
| | - Alyssa L. Becker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (E.L.C.); (A.L.B.)
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (E.L.C.); (A.L.B.)
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Azouz AA, Omar HA, Hersi F, Ali FEM, Hussein Elkelawy AMM. Impact of the ACE2 activator xanthenone on tacrolimus nephrotoxicity: Modulation of uric acid/ERK/p38 MAPK and Nrf2/SOD3/GCLC signaling pathways. Life Sci 2022; 288:120154. [PMID: 34800514 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus is an effective and widely used immunosuppressant after organ transplantation to reduce graft rejection. However, its nephrotoxic effect could compel the patients to treatment discontinuation. The beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the kidney and other organs have been investigated in several studies, but its role in tacrolimus nephrotoxicity still needs to be elucidated. Our study was designed to investigate effects of the ACE2 activator xanthenone on tacrolimus-induced renal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were administered xanthenone (2 mg/kg) concurrently with tacrolimus (1 mg/kg) for 3 weeks, then blood and kidney tissue samples were collected for biochemical and molecular investigations. KEY FINDINGS Co-administration of xanthenone significantly improved renal functions in tacrolimus-treated rats, where serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels were close to those of the normal control. Besides, xanthenone reduced renal angiotensin (ANG) II content, while elevated ANG (1-7). Relative protein expressions of p-ERK/ERK and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK inflammatory signals were downregulated upon xanthenone administration with tacrolimus. In addition, xanthenone reinforced antioxidant defense against tacrolimus by enhancing protein expression of the transcription factor Nrf2 with subsequently increased mRNA expressions of the antioxidants SOD3 and GCLC. SIGNIFICANCE These protective effects of xanthenone could be attributed to ANG II degradation to ANG (1-7) by ACE2 activation resulting in regulated inflammatory and oxidative responses in the kidney. Therefore, administration of xanthenone along with tacrolimus could be a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce the adverse effects and increase the tolerability to tacrolimus immunosuppressive therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Hany A Omar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Hersi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Derangula K, Javalgekar M, Kumar Arruri V, Gundu C, Kumar Kalvala A, Kumar A. Probucol attenuates NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling and augments Nrf-2 mediated antioxidant defence in nerve injury induced neuropathic pain. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108397. [PMID: 34891000 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the most significant pathological drivers following nerve injury which along with immune cell activation, oxidative stress and other associated molecular mechanisms contribute to development of neuropathic pain characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia. In the current study we have investigated the pharmacological effect of probucol (prb) using chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain (NP) model in rats. CCI of sciatic nerve resulted in marked decrease in pain threshold along with perturbations in anti-oxidant defence, enhanced inflammatory mediators and abnormal foot posture. Administration of prb at the doses of 8 and 16 mg/kg, p.o. for 14 days significantly attenuated the behavioural, biochemical and functional deficits following CCI of sciatic nerve. To further explore the molecular mechanisms of prb, we assessed the post treatment levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers like NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-κB and associated proinflammatory molecules such as IL-1 β, TNF-α & IL-6 along with Nrf-2 and HO-1. Our findings demonstrated that CCI induced changes in levels of these markers were dose dependently reversed by administration of prb. Of note, at molecular level the elevated expression of transcription factors such as NF-κB which is crucial for Nlrp3 activation and diminished levels of Nrf-2 were manifested following CCI induction, these changes were markedly reversed with 14 days treatment of prb at both the doses. Our findings highlighted the dual pharmacological effect of prb, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant via modulation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling and Nrf-2 pathway in attenuation of CCI of sciatic nerve induced NP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Derangula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Mohit Javalgekar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Arruri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chayanika Gundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Anil Kumar Kalvala
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Chunnilal Bhavan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
NRF2 activation protects against valproic acid-induced disruption of neurogenesis in P19 cells. Differentiation 2021; 123:18-29. [PMID: 34902770 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug that causes fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) in developing embryos exposed to it. Symptoms of FVS include neural tube defects (NTDs), musculoskeletal abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental difficulties. One proposed mechanism of VPA-induced developmental toxicity is via oxidative stress, defined as the disruption of redox-sensitive cell signaling. We propose that redox imbalances caused by VPA exposure result in improper cellular differentiation that may contribute to FVS. In undifferentiated P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells treated with VPA, glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations were higher and the glutathione (GSH)/GSSG redox potential (Eh) was more oxidizing compared to vehicle-treated control cells, both of which are indications of potential intracellular oxidative stress. Interestingly, VPA had no effect on GSH or GSSG levels in differentiated P19 neurons. Undifferentiated cells pretreated with 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T), an inducer of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) antioxidant response that combats cellular redox disruption, were protected from VPA-induced alterations to the GSH/GSSG system. To assess differential periods of susceptibility, P19 cells were exposed to VPA at various time points during their neuronal differentiation. Cells exposed to VPA early in the differentiation process did not undergo normal neurogenesis as measured by POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (OCT4) and tubulin beta-3 chain (βIII-tubulin), markers of cell stemness and neuronal differentiation, respectively. Neurogenesis was improved with D3T pretreatments prior to VPA exposure. Furthermore, differentiating P19 cells treated with VPA exhibited increased protein oxidation that was diminished with D3T pretreatment. These findings demonstrate that VPA inhibits neurogenesis and propose NRF2-mediated redox homeostasis as a means to promote normal neuronal differentiation, thereby potentially decreasing the prevalence of FVS outcomes.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim Y, Kim S, Lee H, Oh NS, Rhee MS, Yoon Y. Fermented Maillard reaction product alleviates injurious effects in colon caused by Clostridium perfringens. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Piorczynski TB, Lapehn S, Ringer KP, Allen SA, Johnson GA, Call K, Lucas SM, Harris C, Hansen JM. NRF2 activation inhibits valproic acid-induced neural tube defects in mice. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 89:107039. [PMID: 34737154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely prescribed medication that has traditionally been used to treat epilepsy, yet embryonic exposure to VPA increases the risk of the fetus developing neural tube defects (NTDs). While the mechanism by which VPA causes NTDs is unknown, we hypothesize that VPA causes dysmorphogenesis through the disruption of redox-sensitive signaling pathways that are critical for proper embryonic development, and that protection from the redox disruption may decrease the prevalence of NTDs. Time-bred CD-1 mice were treated with 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T), an inducer of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-a transcription factor that activates the intracellular antioxidant response to prevent redox disruptions. Embryos were then collected for whole embryo culture and subsequently treated with VPA in vitro. The glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) redox potential (Eh), a measure of the intracellular redox environment, was measured in the developing mouse embryos. Embryos treated with VPA exhibited a transiently oxidizing GSH/GSSG Eh, while those that received D3T pretreatment prior to VPA exposure showed no differences compared to controls. Moving to an in utero mouse model, time-bred C57BL/6 J dams were pretreated with or without D3T and then exposed to VPA, after which all embryos were collected for morphological analyses. The prevalence of open neural tubes in embryos treated with VPA significantly decreased with D3T pretreatment, as did the severity of the observed defects evaluated by a morphological assessment. These data show that NRF2 induction via D3T pretreatment protects against VPA-induced redox dysregulation and decreases the prevalence of NTDs in developing mouse embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ted B Piorczynski
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Samantha Lapehn
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kelsey P Ringer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Spencer A Allen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Garett A Johnson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Krista Call
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - S Marc Lucas
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Craig Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason M Hansen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Idres YA, Tousch D, Cazals G, Lebrun A, Naceri S, Bidel LPR, Poucheret P. A Novel Sesquiterpene Lactone Xanthatin-13-(pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid) Isolated from Burdock Leaf Up-Regulates Cells' Oxidative Stress Defense Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101617. [PMID: 34679753 PMCID: PMC8533074 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to identify novel molecules able to induce an adaptative response against oxidative stress during the first stages of metabolic syndrome. A cellular survival in vitro test against H2O2-based test was applied after pretreatment with various natural bitter Asteraceae extracts. This screening revealed potent protection from burdock leaf extract. Using chromatography and LC-MS—RMN, we then isolated and identified an original sesquiterpene lactone bioactive molecule: the Xanthatin-13-(pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid) (XPc). A real-time RT-qPCR experiment was carried out on three essential genes involved in oxidative stress protection: GPx, SOD, and G6PD. In presence of XPc, an over-expression of the G6PD gene was recorded, whereas no modification of the two others genes could be observed. A biochemical docking approach demonstrated that XPc had a high probability to directly interact with G6PD at different positions. One of the most probable docking sites corresponds precisely to the binding site of AG1, known to stabilize the G6PD dimeric form and enhance its activity. In conclusion, this novel sesquiterpene lactone XPc might be a promising prophylactic bioactive agent against oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanis A. Idres
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: (Y.A.I.); (D.T.); Tel.: +33-658587547 (Y.A.I.); +33-673466032 (D.T.)
| | - Didier Tousch
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France;
- Correspondence: (Y.A.I.); (D.T.); Tel.: +33-658587547 (Y.A.I.); +33-673466032 (D.T.)
| | - Guillaume Cazals
- Laboratoire de Mesure Physique, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France; (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Aurélien Lebrun
- Laboratoire de Mesure Physique, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France; (G.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Sarah Naceri
- Laboratoire de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 8251, 35 rue Héléne Brion, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Luc P. R. Bidel
- INRA, UMR AGAP, CIRAD, SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France;
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pei Y, Parks JS, Kang HW. Quercetin alleviates high-fat diet-induced inflammation in brown adipose tissue. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
|
33
|
Lo HF, Hong M, Szutorisz H, Hurd YL, Krauss RS. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits Hedgehog-dependent patterning during development. Development 2021; 148:272342. [PMID: 34610637 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many developmental disorders are thought to arise from an interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway regulates myriad developmental processes, and pathway inhibition is associated with birth defects, including holoprosencephaly (HPE). Cannabinoids are HH pathway inhibitors, but little is known of their effects on HH-dependent processes in mammalian embryos, and their mechanism of action is unclear. We report that the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) induces two hallmark HH loss-of-function phenotypes (HPE and ventral neural tube patterning defects) in Cdon mutant mice, which have a subthreshold deficit in HH signaling. THC therefore acts as a 'conditional teratogen', dependent on a complementary but insufficient genetic insult. In vitro findings indicate that THC is a direct inhibitor of the essential HH signal transducer smoothened. The canonical THC receptor, cannabinoid receptor-type 1, is not required for THC to inhibit HH signaling. Cannabis consumption during pregnancy may contribute to a combination of risk factors underlying specific developmental disorders. These findings therefore have significant public health relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Fan Lo
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mingi Hong
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Henrietta Szutorisz
- Addiction Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yasmin L Hurd
- Addiction Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert S Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yassin NYS, AbouZid SF, El-Kalaawy AM, Ali TM, Elesawy BH, Ahmed OM. Tackling of Renal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats by Silybum marianum Total Extract, Silymarin, and Silibinin via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Nrf2, PPAR γ, NF- κB, and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7665169. [PMID: 34630852 PMCID: PMC8497111 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7665169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work was designed to assess the efficacy of Silybum marianum total extract (STE), silymarin (Sm), and silibinin (Sb) against experimentally induced renal carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats and their roles in regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-administered rats were orally treated with STE (200 mg/kg b.w.), Sm (150 mg/kg b.w.), and Sb (5 mg/kg b.w.) every other day either from the 1st week or from the 16th week of carcinogen administration to the end of 25th week. The treatments with STE, Sm, and Sb attenuated markers of toxicity in serum, decreased kidney lipid peroxidation (LPO), and significantly reinforced the renal antioxidant armory. The biochemical results were further confirmed by the histopathological alterations. The treatments also led to suppression of proinflammatory mediators such as NF-κβ, p65, Iκβα, and IL-6 in association with inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Furthermore, they activated the expressions of PPARs, Nrf2, and IL-4 in addition to downregulation of apoptotic proteins p53 and caspase-3 and upregulation of antiapoptotic mediator Bcl-2. The obtained data supply potent proof for the efficacy of STE, Sm, and Sb to counteract renal carcinogenesis via alteration of varied molecular pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Y. S. Yassin
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sameh F. AbouZid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. El-Kalaawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Tarek M. Ali
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem H. Elesawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Drake DM, Wells PG. Novel mechanisms in alcohol neurodevelopmental disorders via BRCA1 depletion and BRCA1-dependent NADPH oxidase regulation. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102148. [PMID: 34736119 PMCID: PMC8577473 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The breast cancer 1 protein (BRCA1) facilitates DNA repair, preventing embryolethality and protecting the fetus from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced developmental disorders mediated by oxidatively damaged DNA. Alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) exposure during pregnancy causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), characterized by aberrant behaviour and enhanced ROS formation and proteasomal protein degradation. Herein, ROS-producing NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity was higher in Brca1 +/- vs. +/+ fetal and adult brains, and further enhanced by a single EtOH exposure. EtOH also enhanced catalase and proteasomal activities, while conversely reducing BRCA1 protein levels without affecting Brca1 gene expression. EtOH-initiated adaptive postnatal freezing behaviour was lost in Brca1 +/- progeny. Pretreatment with the free radical spin trap and ROS inhibitor phenylbutylnitrone blocked all EtOH effects, suggesting ROS-dependent mechanisms. This is the first in vivo evidence of NOX regulation by BRCA1, and of EtOH-induced, ROS-mediated depletion of BRCA1, revealing novel mechanisms of BRCA1 protection in FASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Drake
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter G Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Centre for Pharmaceutical Oncology, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Basu P, Kim JH, Saeed S, Martins-Green M. Using systems biology approaches to identify signalling pathways activated during chronic wound initiation. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:881-898. [PMID: 34536049 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a significant health problem worldwide. However, nothing is known about how chronic wounds initiate and develop. Here we use a chronic wound model in diabetic mice and a Systems Biology Approach using nanoString nCounter technology and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), with tissues collected at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h post-wounding, to identify metabolic signalling pathways involved in initiation of chronicity. Normalized counts obtained from the nanoString nCounter Mouse Metabolic Panel were used for the WGCNA, which groups genes into co-expression modules to visualize the correlation network. Genes with significant module membership and gene trait significance (p < 0.05) were used to identify signalling pathways that are important for the development of chronicity. The pathway analysis using the Reactome database showed stabilization of PTEN, which down-regulates PI3K/AKT1, which in turn down-regulates Nrf2, as shown by ELISA, thus disabling antioxidant production, resulting in high oxidative stress levels. We find that pathways involved in inflammation, including those that generate pro-inflammatory lipids derived from arachidonic acid metabolism, IFNγ and catecholamines, occur. Moreover, HIF3α is over-expressed, potentially blocking Hif1α and preventing activation of growth factors and cytokines that promote granulation tissue formation. We also find that FGF1 is under-expressed, while thrombospondin-1 is over-expressed, resulting in decreased angiogenesis, a process that is critical for healing. Finally, enzymes involved in glycolysis are down-regulated, resulting in decreased production of pyruvate, a molecule critical for ATP production, leading to extensive cell death and wound paralysis. These findings offer new avenues of study that may lead to the development of novel treatments of CW to be administered right after debridement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Proma Basu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, UC, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jane Hannah Kim
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, UC, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Shayan Saeed
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, UC, Riverside, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang A, Sun Z, Liu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Qiu Y, Zhang X. Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress. Front Oncol 2021; 11:727605. [PMID: 34513705 PMCID: PMC8427311 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.727605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer is one of the most malignant human cancers, with few treatments and a poor prognosis. Erianin (ERN) is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been reported to have numerous excellent effects against liver cancer in experimental systems. However, its application in vivo has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and numerous off-target effects. This study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ERN by developing novel ERN-loaded tumor-targeting nanoparticles. Results In this study, ERN was loaded into liposomes by ethanol injection (LP-ERN), and the resulting LP-ERN nanoparticles were treated with transferrin to form Tf-LP-ERN to improve the solubility and enhance the tumor-targeting of ERN. LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles had smooth surfaces and a uniform particle size, with particle diameters of 62.60 nm and 88.63 nm, respectively. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, Tf-LP-ERN induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potentials and increased ERN uptake more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN. In xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-ERN inhibited tumor growth, but had a minimal effect on body weight and organ morphology. In addition, Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles targeted tumors more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles, and in tumor tissues Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles promoted the cleavage PARP-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increased the expression levels of Bax, Bad, PUMA, and reduced the expression level of Bcl-2. Moreover, in the spleen of heterotopic tumor model BALB/c mice, ERN, LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD-1 and SOD-2, but reduced the expression levels of P-IKKα+β and P-NF-κB, with Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles being most effective in this regard. Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles also regulated the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL11 in serum. Conclusion Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-liver cancer activity in vivo and in vitro by inducing cellular apoptosis, exhibiting immunoregulatory actions, and targeting tumor tissues, and did so more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles. These results suggest that the clinical utility of a Tf-conjugated LP ERN-delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer warrants exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anhui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20200080. [PMID: 34497718 PMCID: PMC8385185 DOI: 10.1042/ns20200080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in the Cannabis sativa L. plant, has undergone clinical development over the last number of years as a therapeutic for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndromes. This phytocannabinoid demonstrates functional and pharmacological diversity, and research data indicate that CBD is a comparable antioxidant to common antioxidants. This review gathers the latest knowledge regarding the impact of CBD on oxidative signalling, with focus on the proclivity of CBD to regulate antioxidants and control the production of reactive oxygen species. CBD is considered an attractive therapeutic agent for neuroimmune disorders, and a body of literature indicates that CBD can regulate redox function at multiple levels, with a range of downstream effects on cells and tissues. However, pro-oxidant capacity of CBD has also been reported, and hence caution must be applied when considering CBD from a therapeutic standpoint. Such pro- and antioxidant functions of CBD may be cell- and model-dependent and may also be influenced by CBD dose, the duration of CBD treatment and the underlying pathology.
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang A, Sun Z, Liu R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Qiu Y, Zhang X. Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress. Front Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.727605
expr 862146617 + 836050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLiver cancer is one of the most malignant human cancers, with few treatments and a poor prognosis. Erianin (ERN) is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been reported to have numerous excellent effects against liver cancer in experimental systems. However, its application in vivo has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and numerous off-target effects. This study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ERN by developing novel ERN-loaded tumor-targeting nanoparticles.ResultsIn this study, ERN was loaded into liposomes by ethanol injection (LP-ERN), and the resulting LP-ERN nanoparticles were treated with transferrin to form Tf-LP-ERN to improve the solubility and enhance the tumor-targeting of ERN. LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles had smooth surfaces and a uniform particle size, with particle diameters of 62.60 nm and 88.63 nm, respectively. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, Tf-LP-ERN induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potentials and increased ERN uptake more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN. In xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-ERN inhibited tumor growth, but had a minimal effect on body weight and organ morphology. In addition, Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles targeted tumors more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles, and in tumor tissues Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles promoted the cleavage PARP-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increased the expression levels of Bax, Bad, PUMA, and reduced the expression level of Bcl-2. Moreover, in the spleen of heterotopic tumor model BALB/c mice, ERN, LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD-1 and SOD-2, but reduced the expression levels of P-IKKα+β and P-NF-κB, with Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles being most effective in this regard. Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles also regulated the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL11 in serum.ConclusionTf-LP-ERN nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-liver cancer activity in vivo and in vitro by inducing cellular apoptosis, exhibiting immunoregulatory actions, and targeting tumor tissues, and did so more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles. These results suggest that the clinical utility of a Tf-conjugated LP ERN-delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer warrants exploration.
Collapse
|
40
|
Farina M, Vieira LE, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. The Nrf2 Pathway in Ischemic Stroke: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:5001. [PMID: 34443584 PMCID: PMC8399750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, characterized by the sudden loss of blood flow in specific area(s) of the brain, is the leading cause of permanent disability and is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The only approved pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke (intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) has significant clinical limitations and does not consider the complex set of events taking place after the onset of ischemic stroke (ischemic cascade), which is characterized by significant pro-oxidative events. The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates the expression of a great number of antioxidant and/or defense proteins, has been pointed as a potential pharmacological target involved in the mitigation of deleterious oxidative events taking place at the ischemic cascade. This review summarizes studies concerning the protective role of Nrf2 in experimental models of ischemic stroke, emphasizing molecular events resulting from ischemic stroke that are, in parallel, modulated by Nrf2. Considering the acute nature of ischemic stroke, we discuss the challenges in using a putative pharmacological strategy (Nrf2 activator) that relies upon transcription, translation and metabolically active cells in treating ischemic stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Leonardo Eugênio Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Brazil;
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wagle S, Sim HJ, Bhattarai G, Choi KC, Kook SH, Lee JC, Jeon YM. Supplemental Ferulic Acid Inhibits Total Body Irradiation-Mediated Bone Marrow Damage, Bone Mass Loss, Stem Cell Senescence, and Hematopoietic Defect in Mice by Enhancing Antioxidant Defense Systems. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081209. [PMID: 34439457 PMCID: PMC8388974 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While total body irradiation (TBI) is an everlasting curative therapy, the irradiation can cause long-term bone marrow (BM) injuries, along with senescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damages. Thus, ameliorating or preventing ROS accumulation and oxidative stress is necessary for TBI-requiring clinical treatments. Here, we explored whether administration of ferulic acid, a dietary antioxidant, protects against TBI-mediated systemic damages, and examined the possible mechanisms therein. Sublethal TBI (5 Gy) decreased body growth, lifespan, and production of circulating blood cells in mice, together with ROS accumulation, and senescence induction of BM-conserved HSCs and MSCs. TBI also impaired BM microenvironment and bone mass accrual, which was accompanied by downregulated osteogenesis and by osteoclastogenic and adipogenic activation in BM. Long-term intraperitoneal injection of ferulic acid (50 mg/kg body weight, once per day for 37 consecutive days) protected mice from TBI-mediated mortality, stem cell senescence, and bone mass loss by restoring TBI-stimulated disorders in osteogenic, osteoclastic, and adipogenic activation in BM. In vitro experiments using BM stromal cells supported radioprotective effects of ferulic acid on TBI-mediated defects in proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Overall, treatment with ferulic acid prevented TBI-mediated liver damage and enhanced endogenous antioxidant defense systems in the liver and BM. Collectively, these results support an efficient protection of TBI-mediated systemic defects by supplemental ferulic acid, indicating its clinical usefulness for TBI-required patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajeev Wagle
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Hyun-Jaung Sim
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Govinda Bhattarai
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Ki-Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forages Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31002, Korea;
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.K.); (J.-C.L.); (Y.-M.J.); Tel.: +82-63-270-3327 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4049 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-250-2130 (Y.-M.J.); Fax: +82-63-270-4312 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4004 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-270-4312 (Y.-M.J.)
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.K.); (J.-C.L.); (Y.-M.J.); Tel.: +82-63-270-3327 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4049 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-250-2130 (Y.-M.J.); Fax: +82-63-270-4312 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4004 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-270-4312 (Y.-M.J.)
| | - Young-Mi Jeon
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.W.); (H.-J.S.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.-H.K.); (J.-C.L.); (Y.-M.J.); Tel.: +82-63-270-3327 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4049 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-250-2130 (Y.-M.J.); Fax: +82-63-270-4312 (S.-H.K.); +82-63-270-4004 (J.-C.L.); +82-63-270-4312 (Y.-M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Atia A, Alrawaiq NS, Abdullah A. Tocotrienols Activate Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation and Increase the Antioxidant- Related Hepatoprotective Mechanism in Mice Liver. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:1085-1098. [PMID: 32988349 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200928095950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common preparation of tocotrienols is the Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction (TRF). This study aimed to investigate whether TRF induced liver Nrf2 nuclear translocation and influenced the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes. METHODS In the Nrf2 induction study, mice were divided into control, 2000 mg/kg TRF and diethyl maleate treated groups. After acute treatment, mice were sacrificed at specific time points. Liver nuclear extracts were prepared and Nrf2 nuclear translocation was detected through Western blotting. To determine the effect of increasing doses of TRF on the extent of liver nuclear Nrf2 translocation and its implication on the expression levels of several Nrf2-regulated genes, mice were divided into 5 groups (control, 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg TRF, and butylated hydroxyanisole-treated groups). After 14 days, mice were sacrificed and liver RNA was extracted for qPCR assay. RESULTS 2000 mg/kg TRF administration initiated Nrf2 nuclear translocation within 30 min, reached a maximum level of around 1 h and dropped to half-maximal levels by 24 h. Incremental doses of TRF resulted in dose-dependent increases in liver Nrf2 nuclear levels, along with concomitant dosedependent increases in the expressions of Nrf2-regulated genes. CONCLUSION TRF activated the liver Nrf2 pathway resulting in increased expression of Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Atia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nadia S Alrawaiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azman Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
García-Navas R, Liceras-Boillos P, Gómez C, Baltanás FC, Calzada N, Nuevo-Tapioles C, Cuezva JM, Santos E. Critical requirement of SOS1 RAS-GEF function for mitochondrial dynamics, metabolism, and redox homeostasis. Oncogene 2021; 40:4538-4551. [PMID: 34120142 PMCID: PMC8266680 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SOS1 ablation causes specific defective phenotypes in MEFs including increased levels of intracellular ROS. We showed that the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO restores normal endogenous ROS levels, suggesting predominant involvement of mitochondria in generation of this defective SOS1-dependent phenotype. The absence of SOS1 caused specific alterations of mitochondrial shape, mass, and dynamics accompanied by higher percentage of dysfunctional mitochondria and lower rates of electron transport in comparison to WT or SOS2-KO counterparts. SOS1-deficient MEFs also exhibited specific alterations of respiratory complexes and their assembly into mitochondrial supercomplexes and consistently reduced rates of respiration, glycolysis, and ATP production, together with distinctive patterns of substrate preference for oxidative energy metabolism and dependence on glucose for survival. RASless cells showed defective respiratory/metabolic phenotypes reminiscent of those of SOS1-deficient MEFs, suggesting that the mitochondrial defects of these cells are mechanistically linked to the absence of SOS1-GEF activity on cellular RAS targets. Our observations provide a direct mechanistic link between SOS1 and control of cellular oxidative stress and suggest that SOS1-mediated RAS activation is required for correct mitochondrial dynamics and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rósula García-Navas
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Liceras-Boillos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmela Gómez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando C Baltanás
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Calzada
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa3, (CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa3, (CSIC - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenio Santos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC - Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer - Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Panieri E, Saso L. Inhibition of the NRF2/KEAP1 Axis: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy to Alter Redox Balance of Cancer Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1428-1483. [PMID: 33403898 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (NRF2/KEAP1) pathway is a crucial and highly conserved defensive system that is required to maintain or restore the intracellular homeostasis in response to oxidative, electrophilic, and other types of stress conditions. The tight control of NRF2 function is maintained by a complex network of biological interactions between positive and negative regulators that ultimately ensure context-specific activation, culminating in the NRF2-driven transcription of cytoprotective genes. Recent Advances: Recent studies indicate that deregulated NRF2 activation is a frequent event in malignant tumors, wherein it is associated with metabolic reprogramming, increased antioxidant capacity, chemoresistance, and poor clinical outcome. On the other hand, the growing interest in the modulation of the cancer cells' redox balance identified NRF2 as an ideal therapeutic target. Critical Issues: For this reason, many efforts have been made to identify potent and selective NRF2 inhibitors that might be used as single agents or adjuvants of anticancer drugs with redox disrupting properties. Despite the lack of specific NRF2 inhibitors still represents a major clinical hurdle, the researchers have exploited alternative strategies to disrupt NRF2 signaling at different levels of its biological activation. Future Directions: Given its dualistic role in tumor initiation and progression, the identification of the appropriate biological context of NRF2 activation and the specific clinicopathological features of patients cohorts wherein its inactivation is expected to have clinical benefits, will represent a major goal in the field of cancer research. In this review, we will briefly describe the structure and function of the NRF2/ KEAP1 system and some of the most promising NRF2 inhibitors, with a particular emphasis on natural compounds and drug repurposing. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 1428-1483.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer," University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer," University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Guo SP, Chang HC, Lu LS, Liu DZ, Wang TJ. Activation of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element pathway by curcumin enhances the anti-oxidative capacity of corneal endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111834. [PMID: 34153850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is one of the most common indications for corneal transplantation, and impaired anti-oxidative function is observed in corneal endothelial cells (CECs). Curcumin is well-known for its anti-oxidative property; but, no study has examined the effect of curcumin on anti-oxidative therapeutic roles in corneal endothelial disease. In our experiments, oxidative stress 0.25 mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide for 2 h was induced in immortalized human CECs pretreated with curcumin. Cell behavior and viability, reactive oxygen species production, and the protein expression of the kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway were examined; the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway is crucial anti-oxidative pathway of curcumin. The results showed that pretreatment with 12.5 μM curcumin significantly reduced the ROS production and improved the survival of CECs under oxidative stress. In addition, curcumin pretreatment significantly increased the expression of nuclear Nrf2, and the productions of superoxide dismutase 1 and heme oxygenase-1, which were the target anti-oxidative enzymes of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Our findings showed that curcumin enhanced the growth and differentiation of CECs under oxidative stress. The activation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway by curcumin was crucial for CECs to improve their anti-oxidative capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siao-Pei Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ching Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sheng Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center, New Taipei City 248, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Xinyi District, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Astaxanthin Relieves Busulfan-Induced Oxidative Apoptosis in Cultured Human Spermatogonial Stem Cells by Activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:374-394. [PMID: 34129218 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many child cancer patients endure anticancer therapy containing alkylating agents before sexual maturity. Busulfan (BU), as an alkylating agent, is a chemotherapy drug, causing DNA damage and cytotoxicity in germ cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of astaxanthin (AST), as a potent antioxidant and powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, on BU-induced toxicity in human spermatogonial stem cells. For this purpose, testes were obtained from four brain-dead donors. After tissue enzymatic digestions, testicular cells were cultured for 3 weeks for spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) isolation and purification. K562 cell line was cultured to survey the effect of AST on cancer treatment. The cultured SSCs and K562 cell line were finally treated with AST (10μM), BU (0.1nM), and AST+BU. The expression of NRF-2, HO-1, SOD2, SOD3, TP53, and apoptotic genes, including CASP9, CASP3, BCL2, and BAX, were assayed using real-time PCR. Moreover, ROS level in different groups and malondialdehyde level and total antioxidant capacity in cell contraction of SSCs were measured using ELISA. Data showed that AST significantly upregulated the expression of NRF-2 gene (P<0.001) and protein (P<0.005) and also significantly decreased the production of BU-induced ROS (P<0.001). AST activated the NRF-2/HO-1 pathway that could remarkably restrain BU-induced apoptosis in SSCs. Interestingly, AST upregulated the expression level of apoptosis genes in the K562 cell line. The results of this study indicated that AST reduces the side effects of BU on SSCs without interference with its chemotherapy effect on cancerous cells through modulation of the NRF-2/HO-1 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
|
47
|
Pyeon DB, Lee SE, Yoon JW, Park HJ, Park CO, Kim SH, Oh SH, Lee DG, Kim EY, Park SP. The antioxidant dieckol reduces damage of oxidative stress-exposed porcine oocytes and enhances subsequent parthenotes embryo development. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:349-361. [PMID: 33843103 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the antioxidant dieckol, a component of Ecklonia cava, on maturation and developmental competence of porcine oocytes exposed to oxidative stress in vitro. Oocytes were matured in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium containing various concentrations of dieckol. The blastocyst formation rate was highest in the 0.5 μM dieckol-treated (0.5 DEK) group. The reactive oxygen species level was decreased, and the level of glutathione and expression of antioxidant genes (NFE2L, SOD1, and SOD2) at metaphase II were increased in the 0.5 DEK group. Abnormal spindle organization and chromosome misalignment were prevented in the 0.5 DEK group. Expression of maternal markers (CCNB1 and MOS) and activity of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase were increased in the 0.5 DEK group. After parthenogenetic activation, the total number of cells per blastocyst was increased and the percentage of apoptotic cells was decreased in the 0.5 DEK group. Expression of development-related genes (CX45, CDX2, POU5F1, and NANOG), antiapoptotic genes (BCL2L1 and BIRC5), and a proapoptotic gene (CASP3) were altered in the 0.5 DEK group. These results indicate that the antioxidant dieckol improves IVM and subsequent development of porcine oocytes and can be used to improve the quality of oocytes under peroxidation experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Bin Pyeon
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Yoon
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Park
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Chan-Oh Park
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Oh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Do-Geon Lee
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju Province, Korea
- Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xie Y, Mai CT, Zheng DC, He YF, Feng SL, Li YZ, Liu CX, Zhou H, Liu L. Wutou decoction ameliorates experimental rheumatoid arthritis via regulating NF-kB and Nrf2: Integrating efficacy-oriented compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153522. [PMID: 33799223 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thousands of years of clinical application of Wutou decoction (WTD) support its reliable efficacy and safety in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear, and the synergistic involvement of assistant herbs in WTD in enhancing the sovereign herb in treating RA is unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy-oriented compatibility of five herbs in WTD and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The anti-arthritic effects of WTD and the compatibilities of the five herbs in WTD were studied in vivo with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model and in vitro with LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to identify the dominant pathways involved in the anti-arthritis mechanisms of WTD and how the five herbs work synergistically. The results were further verified by in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS Our data revealed that the five herbs in WTD exert synergistic anti-arthritic effects on RA. Moreover, Radix Aconite (AC) is the principal anti-inflammatory component in WTD according to the extent of therapeutic effects exerted on the AIA rats. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that WTD inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation and simultaneously increased the expression of Nrf2, which were the major pathways identified by the network pharmacology analysis. The major assistant component, Herba Ephedrae (EP), evidently inhibited NF-κB mediated inflammatory response. The other assistant component, Radix Astragali (AS), considerably enhanced the expression of Nrf2 when used alone or in combination with AC. These combinations improved the anti-arthritis effects on the AIA rats better than that of AC alone. Nevertheless, WTD always achieved the best effects than any combinations both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION The ministerial herbs EP and AS intensify the anti-arthritic effects of AC by regulating the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathway and the Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidation pathway which are the major pathways of WTD for alleviating the symptoms of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR)
| | - Chu-Tian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR)
| | - De-Chong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR)
| | - Yu-Fei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR)
| | - Sen-Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR)
| | - Ya-Zhou Li
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, New Drug Assessment Co. Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang-Xiao Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, New Drug Assessment Co. Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR).
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Faculty of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR); Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau (SAR).
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fischer M, Chander P, Kang H, Mellios N, Weick JP. Transcriptomic changes due to early, chronic intermittent alcohol exposure during forebrain development implicate WNT signaling, cell-type specification, and cortical regionalization as primary determinants of fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:979-995. [PMID: 33682149 PMCID: PMC8643076 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) due to gestational alcohol exposure represents one of the most common causes of nonheritable lifelong disability worldwide. In vitro and in vivo models have successfully recapitulated multiple facets of the disorder, including morphological and behavioral deficits, but far less is understood regarding the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying FAS. METHODS In this study, we utilized an in vitro human pluripotent stem cell-based (hPSC) model of corticogenesis to probe the effects of early, chronic intermittent alcohol exposure on the transcriptome of first trimester-equivalent cortical neurons. RESULTS We used RNA sequencing of developing hPSC-derived neurons treated for 50 days with 50 mM ethanol and identified a relatively small number of biological pathways significantly altered by alcohol exposure. These included cell-type specification, axon guidance, synaptic function, and regional patterning, with a notable upregulation of WNT signaling-associated transcripts observed in alcohol-exposed cultures relative to alcohol-naïve controls. Importantly, this effect paralleled a shift in gene expression of transcripts associated with regional patterning, such that caudal forebrain-related transcripts were upregulated at the expense of more anterior ones. Results from H9 embryonic stem cells were largely replicated in an induced pluripotent stem cell line (IMR90-4), indicating that these patterning alterations are not cell line-specific. CONCLUSIONS We found that a major effect of chronic intermittent alcohol on the developing cerebral cortex is an overall imbalance in regionalization, with enrichment of gene expression related to the production of posterodorsal progenitors and a diminution of anteroventral progenitors. This finding parallels behavioral and morphological phenotypes observed in animal models of high-dose prenatal alcohol exposure, as well as patients with FAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Máté Fischer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Praveen Chander
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Huining Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nikolaos Mellios
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism (AIM) Center, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jason P Weick
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Center for Brain Recovery and Repair, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,New Mexico Alcohol Research Center, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tavassolifar MJ, Changaei M, Salehi Z, Ghasemi F, Javidan M, Nicknam MH, Pourmand MR. Redox imbalance in Crohn's disease patients is modulated by Azathioprine. Redox Rep 2021; 26:80-84. [PMID: 33882797 PMCID: PMC8079067 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1915665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease without a specific cause. Inflammation in these patients can disturb the oxidants/antioxidants balance and results in oxidative stress that plays a destructive role. This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression of sod1, sod2, cat, nrf2 and gp91phox in CD patients before and after Azathioprine (Aza) consumption. Method Peripheral bloodmononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from CD patients (n= 15, mean age = 33.6 ± 1.8) before and after treatment with Aza and healthy controls (n= 15, mean age = 31.5 ± 1.2). The expression levels of sod1, sod2, cat, nrf2 and gp91phox were measured in byusing real-time qRT-PCR technique. Result The expression levels of gp91phox (P-value < 0.001), cat (P-value < 0.05), sod1 (P-value < 0.001), nrf2 (P-value < 0.001) were significantly increased compared to control group. Following treatment with Aza, the decreased expression levels of gp91phox (P-value < 0.05), cat (P-value < 0.05), sod1(P-value < 0.001) and nrf2 (P-value < 0.001) were observed in CD patients. Conclusion Overall, our results showed that prescription of Azathioprine can lead to the altered expression of redox system-related genes in patients with CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mostafa Changaei
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moslem Javidan
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Pourmand
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|