1
|
Merritt N, Urquhart C, Burcham P. Role of reactive carbonyls and superoxide radicals in protein damage by cigarette smoke extracts: Comparison of Heat-not-Burn e-cigarettes to conventional cigarettes. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 395:111008. [PMID: 38636791 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative protein damage involving carbonylation of respiratory tract proteins typically accompanies exposure to tobacco smoke. Such damage can arise via multiple mechanisms, including direct amino acid oxidation by reactive oxygen species or protein adduction by electrophilic aldehydes. This study investigated the relative importance of these pathways during exposure of a model protein to fresh cigarette emission extracts. Briefly, protein carbonyl adducts were estimated in bovine serum albumin following incubation in buffered solutions with whole cigarette emissions extracts prepared from either a single 1R6F research cigarette or a single "Heat-not-Burn" e-cigarette. Although both extracts caused concentration-dependent protein carbonylation, conventional cigarette extracts produced higher adduct yields than e-cigarette extracts. Superoxide radical generation by conventional and e-cigarette emissions was assessed by monitoring nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and was considerably lower in extracts made from "Heat-Not-Burn" e-cigarettes. The superoxide dismutase/catalase mimic EUK-134 strongly suppressed radical production by whole smoke extracts from conventional cigarettes, however, it did not diminish protein carbonyl adduction when incubating smoke extracts with the model protein. In contrast, edaravone, a neuroprotective drug with strong carbonyl-trapping properties, strongly suppressed protein damage without inhibiting superoxide formation. Although these findings require extension to appropriate cell-based and in vivo systems, they suggest reactive aldehydes in tobacco smoke make greater contributions to oxidative protein damage than smoke phase radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Merritt
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Australia
| | - Cameron Urquhart
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Australia
| | - Philip Burcham
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Australia; Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wendt CH, Bowler RP, Demorest C, Hastie A, Labaki WW, Chen M, Carmella SG, Hecht SS. Levels of Urinary Mercapturic Acids of Acrolein, Methacrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Methyl Vinyl Ketone in Relationship to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Cigarette Smokers of the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS). Chem Res Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 37725788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is an established cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Numerous studies implicate acrolein, which occurs in relatively high concentrations in cigarette smoke and reacts readily with proteins, as one causative factor for COPD in smokers. Far less is known about the possible roles in COPD of the related α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds of cigarette smoke crotonaldehyde, methacrolein, and methyl vinyl ketone. In the study reported here, we analyzed mercapturic acids of these α,β-unsaturated compounds in the urine of 413 confirmed cigarette smokers in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)─202 with COPD and 211 without COPD. The mercapturic acids analyzed were 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) from acrolein, 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl mercapturic acid (HMPMA-1) from crotonaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl mercapturic acid (HMPMA-2) from methacrolein, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylpropyl mercapturic acid (HMPMA-3) from methyl vinyl ketone. In models adjusting for age, sex, race, pack years of tobacco use, and BMI, all four mercapturic acids were increased in individuals with COPD but not significantly. Stratified by the GOLD status, there were increased levels of the metabolites associated with GOLD 3-4 compared to that with GOLD 0, with the methacrolein metabolite HMPMA-2 reaching statistical significance (adjusted odds ratio 1.23 [95% CI: 1.00-1.53]). These results highlight the possible role of methacrolein, which has previously received little attention in this regard, as a causative factor in COPD in cigarette smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris H Wendt
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417, United States
| | | | - Connor Demorest
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Annette Hastie
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27101-4135, United States
| | - Wassim W Labaki
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1382, United States
| | - Menglan Chen
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Steven G Carmella
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
An integral perspective of canonical cigarette and e-cigarette-related cardiovascular toxicity based on the adverse outcome pathway framework. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00193-X. [PMID: 35998874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, cigarette smoking remains the leading cause of chronic disease and premature death, especially cardiovascular disease. As an emerging tobacco product, e-cigarettes have been advocated as alternatives to canonical cigarettes, and thus may be an aid to promote smoking cessation. However, recent studies indicated that e-cigarettes should not be completely harmless to the cardiovascular system. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to build up an integral perspective of cigarettes and e-cigarettes-related cardiovascular toxicity. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review adopted the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework as a pivotal tool and aimed to elucidate the association between the molecular initiating events (MIEs) induced by cigarette and e-cigarette exposure to the cardiovascular adverse outcome. Since the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been widely approved to play a critical role in cigarette smoke-related CVD and may also be involved in e-cigarette-induced toxic effects, the ROS overproduction and subsequent oxidative stress are regarded as essential parts of this framework. As far as we know, this should be the first AOP framework focusing on cigarette and e-cigarette-related cardiovascular toxicity, and we hope our work to be a guide in exploring the biomarkers and novel therapies for cardiovascular injury.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Y, Wang W, Huang Q, Hu C, Sang S. Metabolic Investigation on the Interaction Mechanism between Dietary Dihydrochalcone Intake and Lipid Peroxidation Product Acrolein Reduction. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101107. [PMID: 35194934 PMCID: PMC9081224 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Acrolein (ACR), a lipid peroxidation product, pathologically participates in various chronic diseases. In vitro evidence suggestes that dietary dihydrochalcones (DHCs) potentiate safe and alternative therapeutics to synthetic pharmaceuticals for ACR scavenging. Here, to investigate whether ingested DHCs could trap ACR and thereof result in reductions in endogenous ACR in mice is aimed. METHODS AND RESULTS Three doses of phloretin (25, 100, and 400 mg kg-1 ), a major dietary DHC, are orally administrated to mice and 24 h urine and fecal samples are collected, respectively. High-resolution MS-based targeted metabolomics reveal for the first time that phloretin and its oxidized metabolite are able to trap endogenous ACR via formation of ACR conjugates. Quantification further demonstrate that a) more than 13% of ingested phloretin can dose-dependently trap 0.77-9.92 nmol of ACR within 24 h; b) phloretin ingestion leads to marked reductions in both free ACR and ACR metabolites in mouse urine compared to control; and c) trapping reactions by phloretin can account for up to 20.1% of the total decreases in endogenous ACR, depending on the administration doses. CONCLUSION Findings from this study indicate that regular consumption of DHCs-rich diets holds great promise to alleviate the development of ACR-associated chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Zhu
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Weixin Wang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Qiju Huang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Changlin Hu
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gui X, Yang Z, Li MD. Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Gut Microbiota: State of Knowledge. Front Physiol 2021; 12:673341. [PMID: 34220536 PMCID: PMC8245763 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.673341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a representative source of toxic chemical exposures to humans, and the adverse consequences of cigarette smoking are mediated by its effect on both neuronal and immune-inflammatory systems. Cigarette smoking also is a major risk factor for intestinal disorders, such as Crohn's disease and peptic ulcer. On the other hand, cigarette smoking is protective against developing ulcerative colitis. The effects of cigarette smoking on intestinal disorders include changes in intestinal irrigation and microbiome, increases in permeability of the mucosa, and impaired mucosal immune responses. However, the underlying mechanism linking cigarette smoking with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is largely unknown. In this communication, we first review the current knowledge about the mechanistic interaction between cigarette smoke and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, which include the likely actions of nicotine, aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds and toxic gases, and then reveal the potential mechanisms of the lung-gut cross talk and skin-gut cross talk in regulating the balance of intestinal microbiota and the interrelation of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and systemic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Gui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming D. Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is likely the most common preventable cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Consequently, inexpensive interventional strategies for preventing CS-related diseases would positively impact health systems. Inhaled CS is a powerful inflammatory stimulus and produces a shift in the normal balance between antioxidants and oxidants, inducing oxidative stress in both the respiratory system and throughout the body. This enduring and systemic pro-oxidative state within the body is reflected by increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers seen in smokers. Smokers might benefit from consuming antioxidant supplements, or a diet rich in fruit and vegetables, which can reduce the CS-related oxidative stress. This review provides an overview of the plasma profile of antioxidants observable in smokers and examines the heterogeneous literature to elucidate and discuss the effectiveness of interventional strategies based on antioxidant supplements or an antioxidant-rich diet to improve the health of smokers. An antioxidant-rich diet can provide an easy-to-implement and cost-effective preventative strategy to reduce the risk of CS-related diseases, thus being one of the simplest ways for smokers to stay in good health for as long as possible. The health benefits attributable to the intake of antioxidants have been observed predominantly when these have been consumed within their natural food matrices in an optimal antioxidant-rich diet, while these preventive effects are rarely achieved with the intake of individual antioxidants, even at high doses.
Collapse
|
7
|
Crosslinking of human plasma C-reactive protein to human serum albumin via disulfide bond oxidation. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101925. [PMID: 33714740 PMCID: PMC7966873 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter- and intra-molecular crosslinks can generate protein dysfunction, and are associated with protein aggregate accumulation in aged and diseased tissues. Crosslinks formed between multiple amino acid side chains can be reversible or irreversible. Disulfides formed either enzymatically, or as a result of oxidant-mediated reactions, are a major class of reversible crosslinks. Whilst these are commonly generated via oxidation of Cys thiol groups, they are also formed by ‘oxidant-mediated thiol-disulfide reactions’ via initial disulfide oxidation to a thiosulfinate or zwitterionic peroxide, and subsequent reaction with another thiol including those on other proteins. This generates new intermolecular protein-protein crosslinks. Here we demonstrate that photooxidation, or reaction with the biological oxidants HOCl and ONOOH, of the single disulfide present in the major human plasma inflammatory protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) can give rise to reversible disulfide bond formation with human serum albumin (HSA). This occurs in an oxidant dose-, or illumination-time-, dependent manner. These CRP-HSA crosslinks are formed both in isolated protein systems, and in fresh human plasma samples containing high, but not low, levels of CRP. The inter-protein crosslinks which involve Cys36 of CRP and Cys34 of HSA, have been detected by both immunoblotting and mass spectrometry (MS). The yield of protein-protein crosslinks depends on the nature and extent of oxidant exposure, and can be reversed by dithiothreitol and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride. These data indicate that oxidation of disulfide bonds in proteins can be a source of novel inter-protein crosslinks, which may help rationalize the accumulation of crosslinked proteins in aged and diseased tissues. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a major acute phase inflammatory protein in human plasma. Oxidation of the single Cys36-Cys97 disulfide in CRP generates reactive intermediates. The oxidized disulfide reacts with Cys34 of human serum albumin to forms a new crosslink. The inter-protein CRP-HSA crosslink has been characterized by immunoblotting and LS-MS/MS. This novel crosslink may be a long-lived plasma marker of inflammation-induced damage.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yin B, Liu RR, Meng YJ, Zhai HL, Li SS, Muhire J. Study of the controversial resveratrol that interact with the endogenous glutathione thiyl radical in cancer cells. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:687-693. [PMID: 32972269 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1828582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Found in various natural food products, many in vitro evidence indicated that resveratrol (RES) has been linked to neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects and prevent cancer development. However, human clinical trials have been conducted with varying results, making the usage of RES controversial. In this paper, we demonstrated that the drug RES could be conjugated with the high levels of endogenous GS• in cancer cells. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-Pyrroline-N-Oxide (DMPO) was employed to capture the GS•. The molecular mechanism of the reaction between RES and GS• was further studied by UV-Vis spectrometry, mass spectrometry and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Besides, the formation of the adduct GS-RES in cancer cell was obtained when RES was added during incubation. Further study indicated that over 77.6% of the RES was consumed in cancer cells. This study suggested that endogenous GS• may be one of the important factors to cause the depletion of anti-tumour drugs during chemotherapy, which should be paid special attention in clinical therapeutics and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Rui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Ya Jie Meng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Hong Lin Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Sha Sha Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Jules Muhire
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bein K, Birru RL, Wells H, Larkin TP, Cantrell PS, Fagerburg MV, Zeng X, Leikauf GD. Albumin Protects Lung Cells against Acrolein Cytotoxicity and Acrolein-Adducted Albumin Increases Heme Oxygenase 1 Transcripts. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1969-1979. [PMID: 32530271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Albumin is an abundant protein in the lung lining fluid that forms an interface between lung epithelial cells and the external environment. In the lung, albumin can be targeted for adduction by inhaled acrolein. Acrolein, an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, reacts with biomolecules via Michael addition at the β-carbon or Schiff base formation at the carbonyl carbon. To gain insight into acrolein's mode of action, we investigated in vitro albumin-acrolein reactivity and the consequence of albumin adduction by acrolein on cytotoxicity and transcript changes in NCI-H441 and human airway epithelial cells (HAEC). Albumin protected NCI-H441 cells from acrolein toxicity. In addition, albumin inhibited acrolein-induced increase of transcripts associated with cellular stress response, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), and antioxidant response, heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) in HAEC cells. Acrolein-adducted albumin itself increased HMOX1 transcripts but not ATF3 transcripts. The HMOX1 transcript increase was inhibited by hydralazine, a carbonyl scavenger, suggesting that the carbonyl group of acrolein-adducted albumin mediated HMOX1 transcript increase. In acutely exposed C57BL/6J mice, bronchoalveolar lavage protein carbonylation increased. Acrolein-adducted albumin Cys34 was identified by nLC-MS/MS. These findings indicate that adduction of albumin by acrolein confers a cytoprotective function by scavenging free acrolein, decreasing a cellular stress response, and inducing an antioxidant gene response. Further, these results suggest that β-carbon reactivity may be required for acrolein's cytotoxicity and ATF3 transcript increase, and the carbonyl group of acrolein-adducted albumin can induce HMOX1 transcript increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiflai Bein
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Rahel L Birru
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Heather Wells
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Theodore P Larkin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Pamela S Cantrell
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Matthew V Fagerburg
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - George D Leikauf
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dalle-Donne I, Garavaglia ML, Colombo G, Astori E, Lionetti MC, La Porta CAM, Santucci A, Rossi R, Giustarini D, Milzani A. Cigarette smoke and glutathione: Focus on in vitro cell models. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104818. [PMID: 32135238 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is one of the most important preventable risk factors for the development of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and various types of cancer. Due to its high intracellular concentration and central role in maintaining the cellular redox state, glutathione (GSH) is one of the key players in several enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions necessary for protecting cells against CS-induced oxidative stress. A plethora of in vitro cell models have been used over the years to assess the effects of CS on intracellular GSH and its disulphide forms, i.e. glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and S-glutathionylated proteins. In this review, we described the effects of cell exposure to CS on cellular GSH and formation of its oxidized forms and adducts (GSH-conjugates). We also discussed the limitations and relevance of in vitro cell models of exposure to CS and critically assessed the congruence between smokers and in vitro cell models. What emerges clearly is that results obtained in vitro should be interpreted with extreme caution, bearing in mind the limitations of the specific cell model used. Despite this, in vitro cell models remain important tools in the assessment of CS-induced oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Maria L Garavaglia
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Astori
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria C Lionetti
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina A M La Porta
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Reactive Carbonyls Induce TOR- and Carbohydrate-Dependent Hormetic Response in Yeast. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:4275194. [PMID: 32231465 PMCID: PMC7091552 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4275194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of the beneficial and detrimental effects by reactive carbonyl species in yeast has been investigated. In this study, we have presented evidence that glyoxal and methylglyoxal at low concentrations were able to induce a hormetic adaptive response in glucose-grown but not fructose-grown yeast. The hormetic effect was also TOR-dependent. The mutation in genes encoding either TOR1 or TOR2 protein makes yeast highly sensitive to both α-dicarbonyls studied. Simultaneous disruption of TOR1 and TOR2 resulted in higher yeast sensitivity to the α-dicarbonyls as compared to parental cells, but double mutant survived better under carbonyl stress than its single mutant counterparts. The data obtained are consistent with the previous works which reported high toxicity of the α-dicarbonyls and extend them with the report on the beneficial TOR-dependent hormetic effect of glyoxal and methylglyoxal.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitran MI, Nicolae I, Tampa M, Mitran CI, Caruntu C, Sarbu MI, Ene CD, Matei C, Georgescu SR, Popa MI. Reactive Carbonyl Species as Potential Pro-Oxidant Factors Involved in Lichen Planus Pathogenesis. Metabolites 2019; 9:E213. [PMID: 31623383 PMCID: PMC6836031 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The constant generation of reactive carbonyl species (RCSs) by lipid peroxidation during aerobic metabolism denotes their involvement in cell homeostasis. Skin represents the largest organ of the body that is exposed to lipid peroxidation. Previous studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative stress in the development of lichen planus (LP), a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a complex pathogenesis. The aim of our study is to investigate a panel of pro-oxidants (4-hydroxy-nonenal (4-HNE), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and malondialdehyde (MDA)), the total antioxidant status (TAS), and thiol-disulfide homeostasis parameters (TDHP), including total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT), disulfides (DS), DS/NT ratio, DS/TT ratio, and NT/TT ratio. The comparative determinations of serum levels of 4-HNE, TBARS, and MDA in patients with LP (n = 31) and controls (n = 26) show significant differences between the two groups (4-HNE: 7.81 ± 1.96 µg/mL vs. 6.15 ± 1.17 µg/mL, p < 0.05, TBARS: 4.23 ± 0.59 µmol/L vs. 1.99 ± 0.23 µmol/L, p < 0.05, MDA: 32.3 ± 6.26 ng/mL vs. 21.26 ± 2.36 ng/mL). The serum levels of TAS are lower in LP patients compared to the control group (269.83 ± 42.63 µmol/L vs. 316.46 ± 28.76 µmol/L, p < 0.05). The serum levels of TDHP are altered in LP patients compared to controls (NT: 388.10 ± 11.32 µmol/L vs. 406.85 ± 9.32., TT: 430.23 ± 9.93 µmol/L vs. 445.88 ± 9.01 µmol/L, DS: 21.06 ± 1.76 µmol/L vs. 19.52 ± 0.77µmol/L). Furthermore, a negative association between pro-oxidants and TAS is identified (4-HNE - rho = -0.83, p < 0.01, TBARS - rho = -0.63, p < 0.01, and MDA - rho = -0.69, p < 0.01). Understanding the mechanisms by which bioactive aldehydes exert their biological effects on the skin could help define effective therapeutical strategies to counteract the cytotoxic effects of these reactive metabolic intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Irina Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
- "Cantacuzino" National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 011233 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- "Victor Babes" Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mircea Tampa
- "Victor Babes" Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Dermatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
- "Cantacuzino" National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 011233 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
- "Prof. N. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Isabela Sarbu
- Department of Dermatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | | | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- "Victor Babes" Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Dermatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mircea Ioan Popa
- Department of Microbiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
- "Cantacuzino" National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, 011233 Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yano Y, Grigoryan H, Schiffman C, Edmands W, Petrick L, Hall K, Whitehead T, Metayer C, Dudoit S, Rappaport S. Untargeted adductomics of Cys34 modifications to human serum albumin in newborn dried blood spots. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2351-2362. [PMID: 30783713 PMCID: PMC6461474 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism of chemicals from the diet, exposures to xenobiotics, the microbiome, and lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, alcohol intake) produce electrophiles that react with nucleophilic sites in circulating proteins, notably Cys34 of human serum albumin (HSA). To discover potential risk factors resulting from in utero exposures, we are investigating HSA-Cys34 adducts in archived newborn dried blood spots (DBS) that reflect systemic exposures during the last month of gestation. The workflow includes extraction of proteins from DBS, measurement of hemoglobin (Hb) to normalize for blood volume, addition of methanol to enrich HSA by precipitation of Hb and other interfering proteins, digestion with trypsin, and detection of HSA-Cys34 adducts via nanoflow liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. As proof-of-principle, we applied the method to 49 archived DBS collected from newborns whose mothers either actively smoked during pregnancy or were nonsmokers. Twenty-six HSA-Cys34 adducts were detected, including Cys34 oxidation products, mixed disulfides with low molecular weight thiols (e.g., cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, cysteinylglycine), and other modifications. Data were normalized with a novel method ("scone") to remove unwanted technical variation arising from HSA digestion, blood volume, DBS age, mass spectrometry analysis, and batch effects. Using an ensemble of linear and nonlinear models, the Cys34 adduct of cyanide was found to consistently discriminate between newborns of smoking and nonsmoking mothers with a mean fold change (smoking/nonsmoking) of 1.31. These results indicate that DBS adductomics is suitable for investigating in utero exposures to reactive chemicals and metabolites that may influence disease risks later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yano
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hasmik Grigoryan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Courtney Schiffman
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - William Edmands
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lauren Petrick
- The Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Katie Hall
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Todd Whitehead
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Catherine Metayer
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sandrine Dudoit
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Stephen Rappaport
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Center for Integrative Research on Childhood Leukemia and the Environment, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Autophagy in Crotonaldehyde-Induced Endothelial Toxicity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061137. [PMID: 30901980 PMCID: PMC6471975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Crotonaldehyde is an extremely toxic α,β-unsaturated aldehyde found in cigarette smoke, and it causes inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Autophagy has been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. However, the precise mechanism underlying the role of acute exposure crotonaldehyde in vascular disease development remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of crotonaldehyde-induced autophagy in endothelial cells. Acute exposure to crotonaldehyde decreased cell viability and induced autophagy followed by cell death. In addition, inhibiting the autophagic flux markedly promoted the viability of endothelial cells exposed to high concentrations of crotonaldehyde. Crotonaldehyde activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and pretreatment with inhibitors specific to these kinases showed autophagy inhibition and partial improvement in cell viability. These data show that acute exposure to high concentrations of crotonaldehyde induces autophagy-mediated cell death. These results might be helpful to elucidate the mechanisms underlying crotonaldehyde toxicity in the vascular system and contribute to environmental risk assessment.
Collapse
|
15
|
Horiyama S, Hatai M, Ichikawa A, Yoshikawa N, Nakamura K, Kunitomo M. Detoxification Mechanism of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds in Cigarette Smoke Observed in Sheep Erythrocytes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:721-726. [PMID: 29962455 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Highly reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, such as acrolein (ACR), crotonaldehyde (CA) and methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), are environmental pollutants present in high concentrations in cigarette smoke. We have previously found that these carbonyl compounds in cigarette smoke extract (CSE) react with intracellular glutathione (GSH) to produce the corresponding GSH-ACR, GSH-CA and GSH-MVK adducts via Michael addition reaction. These adducts are then further reduced to the corresponding alcohol forms by intracellular aldo-keto reductases in highly metastatic mouse melanoma (B16-BL6) cells and then excreted into the extracellular fluid. This time, we conducted a similar study using sheep erythrocytes and found analogous changes in the sheep erythrocytes after exposure to CSE as those with B16-BL6 cells. This indicates similarity of the detoxification pathways of the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in sheep blood cells and B16-BL6 cells. Also, we found that the GSH-MVK adduct was reduced by aldose reductase in a cell-free solution to generate its alcohol form, and its reduction reaction was completely suppressed by pretreatment with epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, a member of the aldo-keto reductase family. In the presence of sheep blood cells, however, reduction of the GSH-MVK adduct was partially inhibited by epalrestat. This revealed that some member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily other than aldose reductase is involved in reduction of the GSH-MVK adduct in sheep blood. These results suggest that blood cells, mainly erythrocytes are involved in reducing the inhalation toxicity of cigarette smoke via an aldo-keto reductase pathway other than that of aldose reductase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizuyo Horiyama
- Mukogawa Women's University, Institute for Bioscience.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Mayuko Hatai
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Atsushi Ichikawa
- Mukogawa Women's University, Institute for Bioscience.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Noriko Yoshikawa
- Mukogawa Women's University, Institute for Bioscience.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Kazuki Nakamura
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| | - Masaru Kunitomo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lugea A, Gerloff A, Su HY, Xu Z, Go A, Hu C, French SW, Wilson JS, Apte MV, Waldron RT, Pandol SJ. The Combination of Alcohol and Cigarette Smoke Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cell Death in Pancreatic Acinar Cells. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:1674-1686. [PMID: 28847752 PMCID: PMC5705421 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Smoking, an independent risk factor for pancreatitis, accelerates the development of alcoholic pancreatitis. Alcohol feeding of mice induces up-regulation of spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s), which regulates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response and promotes cell survival upon ER stress. We examined whether smoking affects the adaptive mechanisms induced by alcohol and accelerates disorders of the ER in pancreatic acinar cells. METHODS We studied the combined effects of ethanol (EtOH) and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on ER stress and cell death responses in mouse and human primary acini and the acinar cell line AR42J. Cells were incubated with EtOH (50 mmol/L), CSE (20-40 μg/mL), or both (CSE+EtOH), and analyzed by immunoblotting, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and cell death assays. Some cells were incubated with MKC-3946, an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 (ERN1, also called IRE1) that blocks XBP1s formation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed isocaloric amounts of an EtOH-containing (Lieber-DeCarli) or control diet for 11 weeks and exposed to cigarette smoke or room air in an exposure chamber for 2 hours each day. During the last 3 weeks, a subset of rats received intravenous injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 3 mg/kg per week) to induce pancreatitis or saline (control). Pancreatic tissues were collected and analyzed by histology and immunostaining techniques. RESULTS In AR42J and primary acini, CSE+EtOH induced cell death (necrosis and apoptosis), but neither agent alone had this effect. Cell death was associated with a significant decrease in expression of XBP1s. CSE+EtOH, but neither agent alone, slightly decreased adenosine triphosphate levels in AR42J cells, but induced oxidative stress and sustained activation (phosphorylation) of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3, also called PERK) and increased protein levels of DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3, also called CHOP). CHOP regulates transcription to promote apoptosis. Incubation of AR42J or primary mouse or human acinar cells with MKC-3946 reduced expression of XBP1s, increased levels of CHOP, and induced cell death. In rats fed an EtOH diet, exposure to cigarette smoke increased ER stress in acinar cells and sensitized the pancreas to LPS-induced pathology. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoke promotes cell death and features of pancreatitis in EtOH-sensitized acinar cells by suppressing the adaptive unfolded protein response signaling pathway. It also activates ER stress pathways that promote acinar cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Lugea
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/University of California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Andreas Gerloff
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Zhihong Xu
- University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia and Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Ariel Go
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cheng Hu
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Jeremy S. Wilson
- University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia and Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Minoti V. Apte
- University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia and Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Richard T. Waldron
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System/University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Roda E, Barni S, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I, Colombo G, Coccini T. Single Silver Nanoparticle Instillation Induced Early and Persisting Moderate Cortical Damage in Rat Kidneys. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102115. [PMID: 28994738 PMCID: PMC5666797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), administered by a single intratracheal instillation (i.t), was assessed in a rat model using commercial physico-chemical characterized nanosilver. Histopathological changes, overall toxic response and oxidative stress (kidney and plasma protein carbonylation), paralleled by ultrastructural observations (TEM), were evaluated to examine renal responses 7 and 28 days after i.t. application of a low AgNP dose (50 µg/rat), compared to an equivalent dose of ionic silver (7 µg AgNO3/rat). The AgNPs caused moderate renal histopathological and ultrastructural alteration, in a region-specific manner, being the cortex the most affected area. Notably, the bulk AgNO3, caused similar adverse effects with a slightly more marked extent, also triggering apoptotic phenomena. Specifically, 7 days after exposure to both AgNPs and AgNO3, dilatation of the intercapillary and peripheral Bowman’s space was observed, together with glomerular shrinkage. At day 28, these effects still persisted after both treatments, accompanied by an additional injury involving the vascular component of the mesangium, with interstitial micro-hemorrhages. Neither AgNPs nor AgNO3 induced oxidative stress effects in kidneys and plasma, at either time point. The AgNP-induced moderate renal effects indicate that, despite their benefits, novel AgNPs employed in consumer products need exhaustive investigation to ensure public health safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-Benefit Corporation, IRCCS Pavia, via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Barni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-Benefit Corporation, IRCCS Pavia, via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bhat S, Jagadeeshaprasad MG, Venkatasubramani V, Kulkarni MJ. Abundance matters: role of albumin in diabetes, a proteomics perspective. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:677-689. [PMID: 28689445 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1352473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human serum albumin (HSA) is a multifaceted protein with vital physiological functions. It is the most abundant plasma protein with inherent capability to bind to diverse ligands, and thus susceptible to various post-translational modifications (PTMs) which alter its structure and functions. One such PTM is glycation, a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugar and protein leading to formation of heterogeneous advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Glycated albumin (GA) concentration increases significantly in diabetes and is implicated in development of secondary complications. Areas covered: In this review, we discuss in depth, formation of GA and its consequences, approaches used for characterization and quantification of GA, milestones in GA proteomics, clinical relevance of GA as a biomarker, significance of maintaining abundant levels of albumin and future perspectives. Expert commentary: Elevated GA levels are associated with development of insulin resistance as well as secondary complications, in healthy and diabetic individuals respectively. Mass spectrometry (MS) based approaches aid in precise characterization and quantification of GA including early and advanced glycated peptides, which can be useful in prediction of the disease status. Thus GA has evolved to be one of the best candidates in the pursuit of diagnostic markers for prediction of prediabetes and diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bhat
- a Division of Biochemical Sciences , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | | | | | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- a Division of Biochemical Sciences , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oke O, Azzopardi D, Corke S, Hewitt K, Carr T, Cockcroft N, Foss-Smith G, Taylor M, Lowe F. Assessment of AcuteIn VitroHuman Cellular Responses to Smoke Extracts from a Reduced Toxicant Prototype Cigarette. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2016.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatobiloba Oke
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David Azzopardi
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Corke
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Hewitt
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Carr
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Cockcroft
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Geoff Foss-Smith
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Taylor
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Frazer Lowe
- Research and Development, British American Tobacco, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Naldi M, Baldassarre M, Domenicali M, Bartolini M, Caraceni P. Structural and functional integrity of human serum albumin: Analytical approaches and clinical relevance in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:138-153. [PMID: 28465079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant circulating plasma protein. Besides a significant contribution to the osmotic pressure, it is also involved in the fine regulation of many other physiological processes, including the balance of the redox state, the inflammatory and/or immunological responses, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of many drugs. Growing evidence suggests that HSA undergoes structural and functional damage in diseases characterized by an enhanced systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as it occurs in chronic liver disease. Based on their clinical relevance, this review provides a summary of the most common post-translational modifications affecting HSA structural integrity and functions and their clinical relevance in the field of liver disease. The review also provides a critical description of the analytical approaches employed for the investigation of conformational alterations and the identification/quantitation of specific post-translational modifications affecting HSA. Finally, the analytical methods available for the assessment of two of the most clinically relevant non-oncotic properties of HSA, namely the binding capacity and the antioxidant activity, are critically reviewed. Among the available techniques particular attention is given to those proposed for the in vitro and in vivo investigation of structurally modified albumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Italy; Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Baldassarre
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Marco Domenicali
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Italy
| | - Paolo Caraceni
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Su Y, Chen L, Su Y, Li Z, Zhang C, Mu T. Spectroscopic evidences of toxic trans-crotonaldehyde trapped and transformed by resveratrol to prevent the damage of mitochondrial DNA. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:500-509. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Su
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Jilin University of Chemical Technology; Jilin China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Yanwen Su
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Jilin University of Chemical Technology; Jilin China
| | - Zhengqiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Tongxing Mu
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Jilin University of Chemical Technology; Jilin China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dalle-Donne I, Colombo G, Gornati R, Garavaglia ML, Portinaro N, Giustarini D, Bernardini G, Rossi R, Milzani A. Protein Carbonylation in Human Smokers and Mammalian Models of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke: Focus on Redox Proteomic Studies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:406-426. [PMID: 27393565 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress is one mechanism whereby tobacco smoking affects human health, as reflected by increased levels of several biomarkers of oxidative stress/damage isolated from tissues and biological fluids of active and passive smokers. Many investigations of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative stress/damage have been carried out in mammalian animal and cellular models of exposure to CS. Animal models allow the investigation of many parameters that are similar to those measured in human smokers. In vitro cell models may provide new information on molecular and functional differences between cells of smokers and nonsmokers. Recent Advances: Over the past decade or so, a growing number of researches highlighted that CS induces protein carbonylation in different tissues and body fluids of smokers as well as in in vivo and in vitro models of exposure to CS. CRITICAL ISSUES We review recent findings on protein carbonylation in smokers and models thereof, focusing on redox proteomic studies. We also discuss the relevance and limitations of these models of exposure to CS and critically assess the congruence between the smoker's condition and laboratory models. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of protein targets is crucial for understanding the mechanism(s) by which carbonylated proteins accumulate and potentially affect cellular functions. Recent progress in redox proteomics allows the enrichment, identification, and characterization of specific oxidative protein modifications, including carbonylation. Therefore, redox proteomics can be a powerful tool to gain new insights into the onset and/or progression of CS-related diseases and to develop strategies to prevent and/or treat them. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 406-426.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Graziano Colombo
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- 2 Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria , Varese, Italy
| | - Maria L Garavaglia
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Portinaro
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano and Pediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Bernardini
- 2 Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria , Varese, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- 4 Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sabbioni G, Turesky RJ. Biomonitoring Human Albumin Adducts: The Past, the Present, and the Future. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:332-366. [PMID: 27989119 PMCID: PMC5241710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Serum albumin (Alb) is the most abundant protein in blood plasma. Alb reacts with many carcinogens and/or their electrophilic metabolites. Studies conducted over 20 years ago showed that Alb forms adducts with the human carcinogens aflatoxin B1 and benzene, which were successfully used as biomarkers in molecular epidemiology studies designed to address the role of these chemicals in cancer risk. Alb forms adducts with many therapeutic drugs or their reactive metabolites such as β-lactam antibiotics, acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutic agents, and antiretroviral therapy drugs. The identification and characterization of the adduct structures formed with Alb have served to understand the generation of reactive metabolites and to predict idiosyncratic drug reactions and toxicities. The reaction of candidate drugs with Alb is now exploited as part of the battery of screening tools to assess the potential toxicities of drugs. The use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) enabled the identification and quantification of multiple types of Alb xenobiotic adducts in animals and humans during the past three decades. In this perspective, we highlight the history of Alb as a target protein for adduction to environmental and dietary genotoxicants, pesticides, and herbicides, common classes of medicinal drugs, and endogenous electrophiles, and the emerging analytical mass spectrometry technologies to identify Alb-toxicant adducts in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland
- Alpine Institute of Chemistry and Toxicology, CH-6718 Olivone, Switzerland
- Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie
und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80336 München, Germany
| | - Robert J. Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Colombo G, Clerici M, Altomare A, Rusconi F, Giustarini D, Portinaro N, Garavaglia ML, Rossi R, Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A. Thiol oxidation and di-tyrosine formation in human plasma proteins induced by inflammatory concentrations of hypochlorous acid. J Proteomics 2017; 152:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
25
|
Burcham PC. Acrolein and Human Disease: Untangling the Knotty Exposure Scenarios Accompanying Several Diverse Disorders. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 30:145-161. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip C. Burcham
- Pharmacology, Pharmacy & Anaesthesiology Unit, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Colombo G, Clerici M, Garavaglia ME, Giustarini D, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. A step-by-step protocol for assaying protein carbonylation in biological samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1019:178-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
27
|
Zhang L, Ning M, Xu Y, Wang C, Zhao G, Cao Q, Zhang J. Predicting the Cytotoxic Potency of Cigarette Smoke by Assessing the Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitory Capacity of Cigarette Smoke Extract. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030348. [PMID: 27007390 PMCID: PMC4809011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity. TrxR is a selenoenzyme with a selenocysteine (Sec) residue exposed on the enzyme’s surface. This unique Sec residue is particularly susceptible to modification by numerous types of electrophiles, leading to inactivation of TrxR and consequent cytotoxicity. Cigarette smoke contains various electrophiles, and the present study showed that CSE could inhibit intracellular TrxR through causing crosslinking and alkylation of TrxR1. TrxR inhibitory capacities of various CSEs were evaluated by using mouse-liver homogenate. Among the CSEs prepared from 18 commercial cigarette brands, TrxR inhibitory capacities of the maximum and the minimum had a 2.5-fold difference. Importantly, CSE’s inhibitory capacity greatly paralleled its cytotoxic potency in all cell lines used. Compared to cytotoxic assays, which have been widely used for evaluating cigarette toxicity but are not suitable for simultaneously examining a large number of cigarette samples, the present method was simple and rapid with a high-throughput feature and thus could be used as an auxiliary means to predict the cytotoxicity of a large number of cigarette samples, making it possible to extensively screen numerous agricultural and industrial measures that potentially affect cigarette safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longjie Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial CO., LTD., Hefei 230088, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Min Ning
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial CO., LTD., Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Yingbo Xu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial CO., LTD., Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial CO., LTD., Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Guangshan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Qingqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Colzani M, De Maddis D, Casali G, Carini M, Vistoli G, Aldini G. Reactivity, Selectivity, and Reaction Mechanisms of Aminoguanidine, Hydralazine, Pyridoxamine, and Carnosine as Sequestering Agents of Reactive Carbonyl Species: A Comparative Study. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1778-89. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Colzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Danilo De Maddis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Gaia Casali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; via Mangiagalli, 25 20133 Milano Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Barshishat-Kupper M, McCart EA, Freedy JG, Tipton AJ, Nagy V, Kim SY, Landauer MR, Mueller GP, Day RM. Protein Oxidation in the Lungs of C57BL/6J Mice Following X-Irradiation. Proteomes 2015; 3:249-265. [PMID: 28248270 PMCID: PMC5217375 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes3030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to normal lung tissue is a limiting factor when ionizing radiation is used in clinical applications. In addition, radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis are a major cause of mortality following accidental radiation exposure in humans. Although clinical symptoms may not develop for months after radiation exposure, immediate events induced by radiation are believed to generate molecular and cellular cascades that proceed during a clinical latent period. Oxidative damage to DNA is considered a primary cause of radiation injury to cells. DNA can be repaired by highly efficient mechanisms while repair of oxidized proteins is limited. Oxidized proteins are often destined for degradation. We examined protein oxidation following 17 Gy (0.6 Gy/min) thoracic X-irradiation in C57BL/6J mice. Seventeen Gy thoracic irradiation resulted in 100% mortality of mice within 127-189 days postirradiation. Necropsy findings indicated that pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis were the leading cause of mortality. We investigated the oxidation of lung proteins at 24 h postirradiation following 17 Gy thoracic irradiation using 2-D gel electrophoresis and OxyBlot for the detection of protein carbonylation. Seven carbonylated proteins were identified using mass spectrometry: serum albumin, selenium binding protein-1, alpha antitrypsin, cytoplasmic actin-1, carbonic anhydrase-2, peroxiredoxin-6, and apolipoprotein A1. The carbonylation status of carbonic anhydrase-2, selenium binding protein, and peroxiredoxin-6 was higher in control lung tissue. Apolipoprotein A1 and serum albumin carbonylation were increased following X-irradiation, as confirmed by OxyBlot immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Our findings indicate that the profile of specific protein oxidation in the lung is altered following radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Barshishat-Kupper
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A McCart
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - James G Freedy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Ashlee J Tipton
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Vitaly Nagy
- Operational Dosimetry Division, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Sung-Yop Kim
- Operational Dosimetry Division, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Michael R Landauer
- Radiation Countermeasures Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Gregory P Mueller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Regina M Day
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pathak KV, Bellamri M, Wang Y, Langouët S, Turesky RJ. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) Adducts and Thiol Oxidation of Serum Albumin as Potential Biomarkers of Tobacco Smoke. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16304-18. [PMID: 25953894 PMCID: PMC4481229 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.646539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) is a carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine formed during the combustion of tobacco. AαC undergoes bioactivation to form electrophilic N-oxidized metabolites that react with DNA to form adducts, which can lead to mutations. Many genotoxicants and toxic electrophiles react with human serum albumin (albumin); however, the chemistry of reactivity of AαC with proteins has not been studied. The genotoxic metabolites, 2-hydroxyamino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (HONH-AαC), 2-nitroso-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (NO-AαC), N-acetyloxy-2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (N-acetoxy-AαC), and their [(13)C6]AαC-labeled homologues were reacted with albumin. Sites of adduction of AαC to albumin were identified by data-dependent scanning and targeted bottom-up proteomics approaches employing ion trap and Orbitrap MS. AαC-albumin adducts were formed at Cys(34), Tyr(140), and Tyr(150) residues when albumin was reacted with HONH-AαC or NO-AαC. Sulfenamide, sulfinamide, and sulfonamide adduct formation occurred at Cys(34) (AαC-Cys(34)). N-Acetoxy-AαC also formed an adduct at Tyr(332). Albumin-AαC adducts were characterized in human plasma treated with N-oxidized metabolites of AαC and human hepatocytes exposed to AαC. High levels of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-AαC (dG-C8-AαC) DNA adducts were formed in hepatocytes. The Cys(34) was the sole amino acid of albumin to form adducts with AαC. Albumin also served as an antioxidant and scavenged reactive oxygen species generated by metabolites of AαC in hepatocytes; there was a strong decrease in reduced Cys(34), whereas the levels of Cys(34) sulfinic acid (Cys-SO2H), Cys(34)-sulfonic acid (Cys-SO3H), and Met(329) sulfoxide were greatly increased. Cys(34) adduction products and Cys-SO2H, Cys-SO3H, and Met(329) sulfoxide may be potential biomarkers to assess exposure and oxidative stress associated with AαC and other arylamine toxicants present in tobacco smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khyatiben V Pathak
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Medjda Bellamri
- UMR INSERM 1085 IRSET, Rennes 1 University, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Yi Wang
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| | - Sophie Langouët
- UMR INSERM 1085 IRSET, Rennes 1 University, UMS 3480 Biosit, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Robert J Turesky
- From the Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 and
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li W, Gao H, Mu H, Chen H, Fang X, Zhou Y, Tao F. Three different active aldehydes induce the production of advanced lipoxidation end products upon incubation with bovine serum albumin. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Honglei Mu
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Hangjun Chen
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Fang
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| | - Fei Tao
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science / Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Colombo G, Clerici M, Giustarini D, Portinaro N, Badalamenti S, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. A central role for intermolecular dityrosine cross-linking of fibrinogen in high molecular weight advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:1-12. [PMID: 25280629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are dityrosine cross-linked and carbonyl-containing protein products formed by the reaction of plasma proteins with chlorinated oxidants, such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Most studies consider human serum albumin (HSA) as the main protein responsible for AOPP formation, although the molecular composition of AOPPs has not yet been elucidated. Here, we investigated the relative contribution of HSA and fibrinogen to generation of AOPPs. METHODS AOPP formation was explored by SDS-PAGE, under both reducing and non-reducing conditions, as well as by analytical gel filtration HPLC coupled to fluorescence detection to determine dityrosine and pentosidine formation. RESULTS Following exposure to different concentrations of HOCl, HSA resulted to be carbonylated but did not form dityrosine cross-linked high molecular weight aggregates. Differently, incubation of fibrinogen or HSA/fibrinogen mixtures with HOCl at concentrations higher than 150 μM induced the formation of pentosidine and high molecular weight (HMW)-AOPPs (>200 k Da), resulting from intermolecular dityrosine cross-linking. Dityrosine fluorescence increased in parallel with increasing HMW-AOPP formation and increasing fibrinogen concentration in HSA/fibrinogen mixtures exposed to HOCl. This conclusion is corroborated by experiments where dityrosine fluorescence was measured in HOCl-treated human plasma samples containing physiological or supra-physiological fibrinogen concentrations or selectively depleted of fibrinogen, which highlighted that fibrinogen is responsible for the highest fluorescence from dityrosine. CONCLUSIONS A central role for intermolecular dityrosine cross-linking of fibrinogen in HMW-AOPP formation is shown. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These results highlight that oxidized fibrinogen, instead of HSA, is the key protein for intermolecular dityrosine formation in human plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Clerici
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Portinaro
- Clinica ortopedica e traumatologica, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
WITHDRAWN: Cigarette smoke induces alterations in the drug binding properties of human serum albumin. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
34
|
Papastergiadis A, Fatouh A, Shrestha K, Van Langenhove H, De Meulenaer B. Investigation of the formation of (E)-2-butenal in oils and foods during frying. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
35
|
Avezov K, Reznick AZ, Aizenbud D. Oxidative damage in keratinocytes exposed to cigarette smoke and aldehydes. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:485-91. [PMID: 24444448 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a significant environmental source of human exposure to chemically active saturated (acetaldehyde) and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (acrolein) inducing protein carbonylation and dysfunction. The exposure of oral tissues to environmental hazards is immense, especially in smokers. The objectives of the current study were to examine the effect of aldehydes originating from CS on intracellular proteins of oral keratinocytes and to observe the antioxidant response in these cells. Intracellular protein carbonyl modification under CS, acrolein and acetaldehyde exposure in the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line, representing oral keratinocytes was examined by Western blot. Possible intracellular enzymatic dysfunction under the above conditions was examined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay. Oxidative stress response was investigated, by DCF (2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein) assay and GSH (glutathione) oxidation. Intracellular protein carbonyls increased 5.2 times after CS exposure and 2.7 times after exposure to 1 μmol of acrolein. DCF assay revealed an increase of fluorescence intensity 3.2 and 3.1 times after CS and acrolein exposure, respectively. CS caused a 72.5% decrease in intracellular GSH levels compared to controls. Activity of intracellular LDH was preserved. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes from CS are capable of intracellular protein carbonylation and have a role in intracellular oxidative stress elevation in keratinocytes, probably due to the reduction in GSH levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Avezov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, School of Graduate Dentistry Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Abraham Z Reznick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Dror Aizenbud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, School of Graduate Dentistry Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Menon R, Boldogh I, Hawkins HK, Woodson M, Polettini J, Syed TA, Fortunato SJ, Saade GR, Papaconstantinou J, Taylor RN. Histological evidence of oxidative stress and premature senescence in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes recapitulated in vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:1740-51. [PMID: 24832021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (pPROM) may lead to preterm births (PTBs). We investigated premature senescence of fetal membranes in women with pPROM and spontaneous PTB with intact membranes (<34 weeks) and the inducibility fetal membrane senescence phenotype by oxidative stress in vitro. IHC was performed for p53, p21, and phospho (p)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) as markers of senescence phenotype in pPROM, PTBs, and term births. Term fetal membranes were exposed to cigarette smoke extract to induce oxidative stress. Western blots documented p-p53 and p-p38 MAPK. Transmission electron microscopy assessed cellular morphologic features in clinical and cigarette smoke extract-treated membranes. A total of 80% of pPROM cells and >60% of term cells were positive for all three senescence phenotype markers, and concentrations were higher than in PTBs (P < 0.05). p53 staining was comparable in membranes from PTB and term birth pregnancies, whereas only <30% and <45% of cells were positive for p21 and p38 MAPK, respectively. In vitro cigarette smoke extract exposure increased p-p38 MAPK without any detectable change in p-p53 MAPK. Enlargement of organelles consistent with senescence phenotype was evident in pPROM and term membranes in vivo and after cigarette smoke extract treatment in vitro but was less apparent in PTBs. Histologic and biochemical resemblance of pPROM and term membranes suggests premature senescence of the membranes is a mechanistic feature in pPROM, and this can be phenocopied in an in vitro model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas.
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Hal K Hawkins
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Michael Woodson
- Electron Microscopy Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jossimara Polettini
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Tariq Ali Syed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | | | - George R Saade
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Colombo G, Clerici M, Giustarini D, Portinaro NM, Aldini G, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. Pathophysiology of tobacco smoke exposure: recent insights from comparative and redox proteomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:183-218. [PMID: 24272816 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
First-hand and second-hand tobacco smoke are causally linked to a huge number of deaths and are responsible for a broad spectrum of pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, and eye diseases as well as adverse effects on female reproductive function. Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of thousands of different chemical species, which exert their negative effects on macromolecules and biochemical pathways, both directly and indirectly. Many compounds can act as oxidants, pro-inflammatory agents, carcinogens, or a combination of these. The redox behavior of cigarette smoke has many implications for smoke related diseases. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (both radicals and non-radicals), reactive carbonyl compounds, and other species may induce oxidative damage in almost all the biological macromolecules, compromising their structure and/or function. Different quantitative and redox proteomic approaches have been applied in vitro and in vivo to evaluate, respectively, changes in protein expression and specific oxidative protein modifications induced by exposure to cigarette smoke and are overviewed in this review. Many gel-based and gel-free proteomic techniques have already been used successfully to obtain clues about smoke effects on different proteins in cell cultures, animal models, and humans. The further implementation with other sensitive screening techniques could be useful to integrate the comprehension of cigarette smoke effects on human health. In particular, the redox proteomic approach may also help identify biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke useful for preventing these effects or potentially predictive of the onset and/or progression of smoking-induced diseases as well as potential targets for therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Granvogl M. Development of three stable isotope dilution assays for the quantitation of (E)-2-butenal (crotonaldehyde) in heat-processed edible fats and oils as well as in food. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1272-1282. [PMID: 24428123 DOI: 10.1021/jf404902m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Three stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) were developed for the quantitation of (E)-2-butenal (crotonaldehyde) in heat-processed edible fats and oils as well as in food using synthesized [¹³C₄]-crotonaldehyde as internal standard. First, a direct headspace GC-MS method, followed by two indirect methods on the basis of derivatization with either pentafluorophenylhydrazine (GC-MS) or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (LC-MS/MS), was developed. All methods are also suitable for the quantitation of acrolein using the standard [¹³C₃]-acrolein. Applying these three methods on five different types of fats and oils varying in their fatty acid compositions revealed significantly varying crotonaldehyde concentrations for the different samples, but nearly identical quantitative data for all methods. Formed amounts of crotonaldehyde were dependent not only on the type of oil, e.g., 0.29-0.32 mg/kg of coconut oil or 33.9-34.4 mg/kg of linseed oil after heat-processing for 24 h at 180 °C, but also on the applied temperature and time. The results indicated that the concentration of formed crotonaldehyde seemed to be correlated with the amount of linolenic acid in the oils. Furthermore, the formation of crotonaldehyde was compared to that of its homologue acrolein, demonstrating that acrolein was always present in higher amounts in heat-processed oils, e.g., 12.3 mg of crotonaldehyde/kg of rapeseed oil in comparison to 23.4 mg of acrolein/kg after 24 h at 180 °C. Finally, crotonaldehyde was also quantitated in fried food, revealing concentrations from 12 to 25 μg/kg for potato chips and from 8 to 19 μg/kg for donuts, depending on the oil used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Granvogl
- Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner-Straβe 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Avezov K, Reznick AZ, Aizenbud D. LDH enzyme activity in human saliva: the effect of exposure to cigarette smoke and its different components. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:142-8. [PMID: 24370185 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aldehydes and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are important chemically active agents in cigarette smoke (CS). Salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) originates predominantly from oral epithelium and was identified as an oral state marker. Its activity in saliva decreases after CS exposure. The aims of the current study were to identify the specific damaging agents in CS responsible for this activity reduction and to understand the mechanisms participating in CS oxidative damage to the salivary enzymes. METHODS Purified and salivary LDH samples were exposed to different levels of CS, pure acrolein, acetaldehyde, peroxynitrite and RNS donors. Each response of the isolated agent to the exposure was examined by a spectrophotometric enzyme activity assay and a Western blot. RESULTS CS exposure caused a 34% reduction in LDH activity. Isolated treatment with unsaturated-aldehydes (acrolein, 10μmol) caused a 61% reduction, while saturated-aldehydes (acetaldehyde, 200μmol), peroxynitrite (200μM) and RNS donor (SIN-1, 2mM) caused no substantial effect. All five LDH isoenzymes reacted similarly. The carbonyl immunoblotting assay revealed a fourfold increase in carbonyl content when treated with CS and a sevenfold increase when treated with acrolein. CONCLUSION α,β-Unsaturated-aldehydes were identified as the main CS ingredient responsible for salivary LDH activity diminution. The effect of saturated-aldehydes and RNS donors was negligible. Unsaturated-aldehydes are capable of introducing carbonyl group into proteins, causing their dysfunction. This provides a molecular explanation for a decrease in LDH enzymatic activity in saliva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Avezov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, School of Graduate Dentistry Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Abraham Z Reznick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Aizenbud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, School of Graduate Dentistry Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Reactive carbonyl species in vivo: generation and dual biological effects. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:417842. [PMID: 24634611 PMCID: PMC3918703 DOI: 10.1155/2014/417842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyls are widespread species in living organisms and mainly known for their damaging effects. The most abundant reactive carbonyl species (RCS) are derived from oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Chemical modification of proteins, nucleic acids, and aminophospholipids by RCS results in cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. In addition to their direct toxicity, modification of biomolecules by RCS gives rise to a multitude of adducts and cross links that are increasingly implicated in aging and pathology of a wide range of human diseases. Understanding of the relationship between metabolism of RCS and the development of pathological disorders and diseases may help to develop effective approaches to prevent a number of disorders and diseases. On the other hand, constant persistence of RCS in cells suggests that they perform some useful role in living organisms. The most beneficial effects of RCS are their establishment as regulators of cell signal transduction and gene expression. Since RCS can modulate different biological processes, new tools are required to decipher the precise mechanisms underlying dual effects of RCS.
Collapse
|
41
|
Clerici M, Colombo G, Secundo F, Gagliano N, Colombo R, Portinaro N, Giustarini D, Milzani A, Rossi R, Dalle-Donne I. Cigarette smoke induces alterations in the drug-binding properties of human serum albumin. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2014; 52:166-74. [PMID: 24388826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and serves as a transport and depot protein for numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds. Earlier we had shown that cigarette smoke induces carbonylation of human serum albumin (HSA) and alters its redox state. Here, the effect of whole-phase cigarette smoke on HSA ligand-binding properties was evaluated by equilibrium dialysis and size-exclusion HPLC or tryptophan fluorescence. The binding of salicylic acid and naproxen to cigarette smoke-oxidized HSA resulted to be impaired, unlike that of curcumin and genistein, chosen as representative ligands. Binding of the hydrophobic fluorescent probe 4,4'-bis(1-anilino-8-naphtalenesulfonic acid) (bis-ANS), intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, and susceptibility to enzymatic proteolysis revealed slight changes in albumin conformation. These findings suggest that cigarette smoke-induced modifications of HSA may affect the binding, transport and bioavailability of specific ligands in smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Clerici
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Secundo
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gagliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Portinaro
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Clinica ortopedica e traumatologica, Università degli Studi di Milano and Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Menon R, Boldogh I, Urrabaz-Garza R, Polettini J, Syed TA, Saade GR, Papaconstantinou J, Taylor RN. Senescence of primary amniotic cells via oxidative DNA damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83416. [PMID: 24386195 PMCID: PMC3873937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress is a postulated etiology of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (pPROM); however, the precise mechanistic role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these complications is unclear. The objective of this study is to examine impact of a water soluble cigarette smoke extract (wsCSE), a predicted cause of pregnancy complications, on human amnion epithelial cells. METHODS Amnion cells isolated from fetal membranes were exposed to wsCSE prepared in cell culture medium and changes in ROS levels, DNA base and strand damage was determined by using 2'7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein and comet assays as well as Fragment Length Analysis using Repair Enzymes (FLARE) assays, respectively. Western blot analyses were used to determine the changes in mass and post-translational modification of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK1), phospho-p38 (P-p38 MAPK), and p19(arf). Expression of senescence-associated β-galectosidase (SAβ-gal) was used to confirm cell ageing in situ. RESULTS ROS levels in wsCSE-exposed amnion cells increased rapidly (within 2 min) and significantly (p<0.01) at all-time points, and DNA strand and base damage was evidenced by comet and FLARE assays. Activation of ASK1, P-p38 MAPK and p19(Arf) correlated with percentage of SAβ-gal expressing cells after wsCSE treatment. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) prevented ROS-induced DNA damage and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, whereas activation of ASK1 and increased expression of p19(Arf) were not significantly affected by NAC. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the hypothesis that compounds in wsCSE induces amnion cell senescence via a mechanism involving ROS and DNA damage. Both pathways may contribute to PTB and pPROM. Our results imply that antioxidant interventions that control ROS may interrupt pathways leading to pPROM and other causes of PTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jossimara Polettini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tariq Ali Syed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - George R. Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert N. Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rom O, Kaisari S, Aizenbud D, Reznick AZ. The effects of acetaldehyde and acrolein on muscle catabolism in C2 myotubes. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:190-200. [PMID: 23792774 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The toxic aldehydes acetaldehyde and acrolein were previously suggested to damage skeletal muscle. Several conditions in which exposure to acetaldehyde and acrolein is increased were associated with muscle wasting and dysfunction. These include alcoholic myopathy, renal failure, oxidative stress, and inflammation. A main exogenous source of both acetaldehyde and acrolein is cigarette smoking, which was previously associated with increased muscle catabolism. Recently, we have shown that exposure of skeletal myotubes to cigarette smoke stimulated muscle catabolism via increased oxidative stress, activation of p38 MAPK, and upregulation of muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of acetaldehyde and acrolein on catabolism of skeletal muscle. Skeletal myotubes differentiated from the C2 myoblast cell line were exposed to acetaldehyde or acrolein and their effects on signaling pathways related to muscle catabolism were studied. Exposure of myotubes to acetaldehyde did not promote muscle catabolism. However, exposure to acrolein caused increased generation of free radicals, activation of p38 MAPK, upregulation of the muscle-specific E3 ligases atrogin-1 and MuRF1, degradation of myosin heavy chain, and atrophy of myotubes. Inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB203580 abolished acrolein-induced muscle catabolism. Our findings demonstrate that acrolein but not acetaldehyde activates a signaling cascade resulting in muscle catabolism in skeletal myotubes. Although within the limitations of an in vitro study, these findings indicate that acrolein may promote muscle wasting in conditions of increased exposure to this aldehyde.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oren Rom
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Sharon Kaisari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Dror Aizenbud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel; Orthodontic and Craniofacial Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Abraham Z Reznick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Colzani M, Aldini G, Carini M. Mass spectrometric approaches for the identification and quantification of reactive carbonyl species protein adducts. J Proteomics 2013; 92:28-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
45
|
Gornati R, Colombo G, Clerici M, Rossi F, Gagliano N, Riva C, Colombo R, Dalle-Donne I, Bernardini G, Milzani A. Protein carbonylation in human endothelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract. Toxicol Lett 2013; 218:118-28. [PMID: 23396223 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a significant independent risk factor for vascular diseases and is a leading cause of structural and functional alterations of the vascular endothelium. In this study, we show protein carbonylation in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV-304) exposed to whole-phase cigarette smoke extract. The main carbonylated proteins, including cytoskeletal proteins, glycolytic enzymes, xenobiotic metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, and endoplasmic reticulum proteins, were identified by means of two-dimensional electrophoresis and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (redox proteomics). Morphological analyses by fluorescence microscopy evidenced alterations in the microtubule cytoskeleton, especially at longer exposure time to cigarette smoke extract. Morphological analyses by transmission electron microscopy showed vacuolisation of the cytoplasm, alteration of mitochondria ultrastructure, and some enlargement of the perinuclear space. The possible role played by protein carbonylation caused by reactive species contained in cigarette smoke in the cigarette smoke-induced endothelial injury is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Gornati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, I-21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Takahashi Y, Horiyama S, Honda C, Suwa K, Nakamura K, Kunitomo M, Shimma S, Toyoda M, Sato H, Shizuma M, Takayama M. A chemical approach to searching for bioactive ingredients in cigarette smoke. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2013; 61:85-9. [PMID: 23302590 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c12-00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke, a collection of many toxic chemicals, contributes to the pathogenesis of smoking-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer. Much work has been done on the chemical analysis of ingredients in cigarette smoke, but there are few reports on the active ingredients that can modify biomolecules. We used a sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and LC/MS/MS method to show that L-tyrosine (Tyr), an amino acid with a highly reactive hydroxyl group, readily reacts with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) at body temperature (37°C) to form various Tyr derivatives. Among these derivatives were N-(3-oxobutyl)-Tyr and two acetylated compounds, N-acetyl-Tyr and O-acetyl-Tyr, which were synthesized by reaction of Tyr with methyl vinyl ketone and acetic anhydride, respectively, at 37°C. The presence of methyl vinyl ketone and acetic anhydride in CSE was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). These results indicate that Tyr can easily react with active ingredients in CSE. The present analytical methods should aid the search for active ingredients in cigarette smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takahashi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 1-68 Koshien-Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Colombo G, Clerici M, Giustarini D, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. Redox albuminomics: oxidized albumin in human diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1515-27. [PMID: 22587567 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Albumin is the major contributor to colloid oncotic pressure and also serves as an important carrier protein of many endogenous and exogenous molecules throughout the body. In blood and extravascular fluids, albumin is susceptible to different oxidative modifications, especially thiol oxidation and carbonylation. Because of its metal-binding properties and the redox properties of its Cys34 thiol, albumin displays an important antioxidant activity. As albumin is the predominant protein in most body fluids, its Cys34 represents the largest fraction of free thiols within body fluids. RECENT ADVANCES Evidence that albumin oxidation takes place in vivo has been reported only recently. Different redox proteomic, mass spectrometric, and chromatographic techniques have shown albumin redox modifications in various human pathophysiological conditions. As a whole, most data here presented demonstrate that massive albumin oxidation occurs in vivo in different biological fluids and, to some extent, that this process is correlated to organ dysfunction. CRITICAL ISSUES Recent reports suggest that the albumin redox state may serve as a global biomarker for the redox state in the body in various human diseases. However, further study is required to elucidate the exact relationship between albumin oxidation and pathology. In addition, it is unknown if some albumin oxidized forms may also have diagnostic uses. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Application of specific redox proteomics techniques for the characterization of oxidized albumin forms in screening studies is required. A further challenge will be to analyze how these oxidative albumin modifications are related to real impact to the body.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bachi A, Dalle-Donne I, Scaloni A. Redox Proteomics: Chemical Principles, Methodological Approaches and Biological/Biomedical Promises. Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300073p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bachi
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rubolini D, Colombo G, Ambrosini R, Caprioli M, Clerici M, Colombo R, Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A, Romano A, Romano M, Saino N. Sex-related effects of reproduction on biomarkers of oxidative damage in free-living barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). PLoS One 2012; 7:e48955. [PMID: 23145037 PMCID: PMC3493597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
According to life-history theory, the allocation of limiting resources to one trait has negative consequences for other traits requiring the same resource, resulting in trade-offs among life-history traits, such as reproduction and survival. In vertebrates, oxidative stress is increasingly being considered among the physiological mechanisms forming the currency of life-history trade-offs. In this study of the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), we focus on the oxidative costs of reproduction, especially egg laying, by investigating the effects of breeding stage (pre- vs. post-laying) and progression of the season on three biomarkers of oxidative damage (OD) to plasma proteins, namely the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA)-protein adducts and of protein thiol groups (PSH), and the protein carbonyl (PCO) content. Moreover, we investigated whether males and females differed in plasma OD levels, because the inherent sex differences in reproductive roles and physiology may originate sex-specific patterns of OD during breeding. We found that MDA-protein adduct levels were higher in the pre-laying than in the post-laying phase, that males had lower levels of MDA-modified proteins than females, and that the decline of MDA-protein adduct concentration between the pre- and the post-laying phase was more marked for females than males. In addition, MDA-protein adduct levels declined with sampling date, but only during the pre-laying phase. On the other hand, plasma PCO levels increased from the pre- to the post-laying phase in both sexes, and females had higher levels of PCO than males. PSH concentration was unaffected by breeding stage, sex or sampling date. On the whole, our findings indicate that biomarkers of protein oxidation closely track the short-term variation in breeding stage of both male and female barn swallows. Moreover, the higher protein OD levels observed among females compared to males suggest that egg laying entails oxidative costs, which might negatively affect female residual reproductive value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rubolini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Comparing the efficiencies of hydrazide labels in the study of protein carbonylation in human serum albumin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1399-411. [PMID: 22811063 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we establish a methodology for comparing the efficiencies of different hydrazide labels for detecting protein carbonyls. We have chosen acrolein-modified human serum albumin as a model. This system provides a convenient means of reproducibly generating carbonylated protein. Five hydrazide-based labels were tested. Three carry a biotin affinity tag, and the others are simple fatty acid hydrazides. For the biotin-based labels, the yield of the labeling reaction varies considerably, and the most commonly used label, biotin hydrazide, gives the lowest yield. The total tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectrum counts of modified peptides are similar for all of the biotin-based tags, indicating that factors beyond the labeling efficiency are important in determining the effectiveness of the label. In addition, there is a large variation in the number of spectra obtained for specific, modified peptides depending on the nature of the labeling group. This variation implies that the relative detectability of a particular modification site is highly dependent on the tagging reagent, and more importantly, titration schemes aimed at identifying the most reactive site based on its threshold concentration will be biased by the choice of tagging reagent. The fatty acid hydrazides are somewhat more effective than the biotin-based hydrazides in generating identifiable MS/MS spectra but offer no opportunity for enrichment. For the biotin-based tags, avidin affinity chromatography was used with the tryptic digests, and each tag led to similar enrichment levels.
Collapse
|