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Zhang S, Huang Y, Zheng C, Wang L, Zhou Y, Chen W, Duan Y, Shan T. Leucine improves the growth performance, carcass traits, and lipid nutritional quality of pork in Shaziling pigs. Meat Sci 2024; 210:109435. [PMID: 38246121 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Leucine is involved in promoting fatty acid oxidation and lipolysis, mediating lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, thus it has been widely used in livestock production. However, the effects of leucine on fat deposition and nutrition in Shaziling pigs remain unclear. A total of 72 Shaziling pigs (150 days old, weight 35.00 ± 1.00 kg) were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with basal diet (control group) or basal diet containing 1% leucine (leucine group) for 60 days. The results showed that leucine significantly increased the average daily feed intake but decreased the ratio of feed to gain (P < 0.05), increased the loin muscle area and serum glucose content (P < 0.05) of Shaziling pigs. Besides, leucine regulated the re-distribution of fatty acids from adipose tissue to muscle as it significantly increased the contents of C18:1n-9 and C22:6n-3 (DHA) in the longissimus thoracis while decreased the contents of C22:5n-3 (DPA), C20:5n-3 (EPA), and DHA in the adipose tissue of Shaziling pigs (P < 0.05). Lipidomic analysis showed that the contents of phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), cardiolipins (CLs), and phosphatidylglycerols (PGs) in the longissimus thoracis and the contents of lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs), ceramides (Cers), phosphatidylinositols (PIs) in adipose tissue of Shaziling pigs were decreased in leucine group (P < 0.05). Collectively, this study clarified that dietary addition of 1% leucine have a better effect on growth performance and the deposition of beneficial fatty acids in the muscle of Shaziling pigs, which is conductive to the production of high quality and healthy pork. In addition, leucine altered the lipid composition of muscle and fat in Shaziling pigs. The related results provide a theoretical basis and application guidance for regulating fat deposition in Shaziling pigs, which is important for the healthy breeding of Shaziling pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, PR China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
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Jin Y, Shi H, Zhao Y, Dai J, Zhang K. Organophosphate ester cresyl diphenyl phosphate disrupts lipid homeostasis in zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123149. [PMID: 38097162 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
As a new class of organophosphate ester, cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP) has been widely monitored in environmental matrices and human samples, nonetheless, its toxicity is not fully understood. Here we described an in-depth analysis of the disruptions in lipid homeostasis of zebrafish following exposure to CDP concentrations ranging from 2.0 to 313.0 μg/L. Nile red staining revealed significant alterations in lipid contents in 72 hpf zebrafish embryos at CDP concentrations of 5.3 μg/L and above. Lipidomic analysis unveiled substantial disruptions in lipid homeostasis. Notably, disruptive effects were detected in various lipid classes, including phospholipids (i.e. cardiolipin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine), glycerolipids (triglycerides), and fatty acids (fatty acids (FA) and wax esters (WE)). These alterations were further supported by transcriptional changes, with remarkable shifts observed in genes associated with lipid synthesis, transport, and metabolism, encompassing phospholipids, glycerolipids, fatty acids, and sphingolipids. Furthermore, CDP exposure elicited a significant elevation in ATP content and swimming activity in embryos, signifying perturbed energy homeostasis. Taken together, the present findings underscore the disruptive effects of CDP on lipid homeostasis, thereby providing novel insights essential for advancing the health risk assessment of organophosphate flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Jin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Haochun Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Piñero-Pérez R, López-Cabrera A, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Cilleros-Holgado P, Talaverón-Rey M, Suárez-Carrillo A, Munuera-Cabeza M, Gómez-Fernández D, Reche-López D, Romero-González A, Romero-Domínguez JM, de Pablos RM, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Actin Polymerization Defects Induce Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cellular Models of Nemaline Myopathies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2023. [PMID: 38136143 PMCID: PMC10740811 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common forms of congenital myopathy and it is identified by the presence of "nemaline bodies" (rods) in muscle fibers by histopathological examination. The most common forms of NM are caused by mutations in the Actin Alpha 1 (ACTA1) and Nebulin (NEB) genes. Clinical features include hypotonia and muscle weakness. Unfortunately, there is no curative treatment and the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. In this manuscript, we examined the pathophysiological alterations in NM using dermal fibroblasts derived from patients with mutations in ACTA1 and NEB genes. Patients' fibroblasts were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin to analyze the polymerization of actin filaments by fluorescence microscopy. We found that patients' fibroblasts showed incorrect actin filament polymerization compared to control fibroblasts. Actin filament polymerization defects were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified two mitochondrial-boosting compounds, linoleic acid (LA) and L-carnitine (LCAR), that improved the formation of actin filaments in mutant fibroblasts and corrected mitochondrial bioenergetics. Our results indicate that cellular models can be useful to study the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in NM and to find new potential therapies. Furthermore, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction with LA and LCAR can revert the pathological alterations in NM cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Alejandra López-Cabrera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Manuel Munuera-Cabeza
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Ana Romero-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - José Manuel Romero-Domínguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
| | - Rocío M. de Pablos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
- Instituto of Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR)/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José A. Sánchez-Alcázar
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (R.P.-P.); (A.L.-C.); (M.Á.-C.); (P.C.-H.); (M.T.-R.); (A.S.-C.); (M.M.-C.); (D.G.-F.); (D.R.-L.); (A.R.-G.); (J.M.R.-D.)
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4
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Petrosillo G, De Stradis A, Marzulli D, Rubino L, Giannattasio S. Carnation Italian Ringspot Virus p36 Expression Induces Mitochondrial Fission and Respiratory Chain Complex Impairment in Yeast. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16166. [PMID: 38003356 PMCID: PMC10670935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive-strand RNA virus replication invariably occurs in association with host cell membranes, which are induced to proliferate and rearrange to form vesicular structures where the virus replication complex is assembled. In particular, carnation Italian ringspot virus (CIRV) replication takes place on the mitochondrial outer membrane in plant and yeast cells. In this work, the model host Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to investigate the effects of CIRV p36 expression on the mitochondrial structure and function through the determination of mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial respiratory parameters, and respiratory chain complex activities in p36-expressing cells. CIRV p36 ectopic expression was shown to induce alterations in the mitochondrial network associated with a decrease in mitochondrial respiration and the activities of NADH-cyt c, succinate-cyt c (C II-III), and cytochrome c oxidase (C IV) complexes. Our results suggest that the decrease in respiratory complex activity could be due, at least in part, to alterations in mitochondrial dynamics. This yeast-based model will be a valuable tool for identifying molecular targets to develop new anti-viral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Petrosillo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Angelo De Stradis
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, UOS Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Domenico Marzulli
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Luisa Rubino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, UOS Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, CNR, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (D.M.)
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Zhou YX, Wei J, Deng G, Hu A, Sun PY, Zhao X, Song BL, Luo J. Delivery of low-density lipoprotein from endocytic carriers to mitochondria supports steroidogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2023:10.1038/s41556-023-01160-6. [PMID: 37277481 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major cholesterol carrier in circulation and is internalized into cells through LDL receptor (LDLR)-mediated endocytosis. The LDLR protein is highly expressed in the steroidogenic organs and LDL cholesterol is an important source for steroidogenesis. Cholesterol must be transported into the mitochondria, where steroid hormone biosynthesis initiates. However, how LDL cholesterol is conveyed to the mitochondria is poorly defined. Here, through genome-wide small hairpin RNA screening, we find that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein phospholipase D6 (PLD6), which hydrolyses cardiolipin to phosphatidic acid, accelerates LDLR degradation. PLD6 promotes the entrance of LDL and LDLR into the mitochondria, where LDLR is degraded by mitochondrial proteases and LDL-carried cholesterol is used for steroid hormone biosynthesis. Mechanistically, the outer mitochondrial membrane protein CISD2 binds to the cytosolic tail of LDLR and tethers LDLR+ vesicles to the mitochondria. The fusogenic lipid phosphatidic acid generated by PLD6 facilitates the membrane fusion of LDLR+ vesicles with the mitochondria. This intracellular transport pathway of LDL-LDLR bypasses the lysosomes and delivers cholesterol to the mitochondria for steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ao Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pu-Yu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bao-Liang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Sebaa R, AlMogren M, Alseraty W, Abdel Rahman AM. Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies Biomarkers for MCADD Neonates in Dried Blood Spots. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119657. [PMID: 37298607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is the most common inherited mitochondrial metabolic disease of fatty acid β-oxidation, especially in newborns. MCADD is clinically diagnosed using Newborn Bloodspot Screening (NBS) and genetic testing. Still, these methods have limitations, such as false negatives or positives in NBS and the variants of uncertain significance in genetic testing. Thus, complementary diagnostic approaches for MCADD are needed. Recently, untargeted metabolomics has been proposed as a diagnostic approach for inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) due to its ability to detect a wide range of metabolic alterations. We performed an untargeted metabolic profiling of dried blood spots (DBS) from MCADD newborns (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 14) to discover potential metabolic biomarkers/pathways associated with MCADD. Extracted metabolites from DBS samples were analyzed using UPLC-QToF-MS for untargeted metabolomics analyses. Multivariate and univariate analyses were used to analyze the metabolomics data, and pathway and biomarker analyses were also performed on the significantly identified endogenous metabolites. The MCADD newborns had 1034 significantly dysregulated metabolites compared to healthy newborns (moderated t-test, no correction, p-value ≤ 0.05, FC 1.5). A total of 23 endogenous metabolites were up-regulated, while 84 endogenous metabolites were down-regulated. Pathway analyses showed phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis as the most affected pathways. Potential metabolic biomarkers for MCADD were PGP (a21:0/PG/F1alpha) and glutathione, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.949 and 0.898, respectively. PGP (a21:0/PG/F1alpha) was the first oxidized lipid in the top 15 biomarker list affected by MCADD. Additionally, glutathione was chosen to indicate oxidative stress events that could happen during fatty acid oxidation defects. Our findings suggest that MCADD newborns may have oxidative stress events as signs of the disease. However, further validations of these biomarkers are needed in future studies to ensure their accuracy and reliability as complementary markers with established MCADD markers for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaa Sebaa
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Shaqra, Al-Dawadmi 17472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha AlMogren
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Alseraty
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Shaqra, Al-Dawadmi 17472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Strížová A, Šmátralová P, Chovančíková P, Machala Z, Polčic P. Defects in Mitochondrial Functions Affect the Survival of Yeast Cells Treated with Non-Thermal Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119391. [PMID: 37298346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of living cells to non-thermal plasma produced in various electrical discharges affects cell physiology and often results in cell death. Even though plasma-based techniques have started finding practical applications in biotechnology and medicine, the molecular mechanisms of interaction of cells with plasma remain poorly understood. In this study, the involvement of selected cellular components or pathways in plasma-induced cell killing was studied employing yeast deletion mutants. The changes in yeast sensitivity to plasma-activated water were observed in mutants with the defect in mitochondrial functions, including transport across the outer mitochondrial membrane (∆por1), cardiolipin biosynthesis (∆crd1, ∆pgs1), respiration (ρ0) and assumed signaling to the nucleus (∆mdl1, ∆yme1). Together these results indicate that mitochondria play an important role in plasma-activated water cell killing, both as the target of the damage and the participant in the damage signaling, which may lead to the induction of cell protection. On the other hand, our results show that neither mitochondria-ER contact sites, UPR, autophagy, nor proteasome play a major role in the protection of yeast cells from plasma-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Strížová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Paulína Šmátralová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Chovančíková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zdenko Machala
- Division of Environmental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina F2, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Polčic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina CH1, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Hryc CF, Mallampalli VKPS, Bovshik EI, Azinas S, Fan G, Serysheva II, Sparagna GC, Baker ML, Mileykovskaya E, Dowhan W. Structural insights into cardiolipin replacement by phosphatidylglycerol in a cardiolipin-lacking yeast respiratory supercomplex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2783. [PMID: 37188665 PMCID: PMC10185535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin is a hallmark phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes. Despite established significance of cardiolipin in supporting respiratory supercomplex organization, a mechanistic understanding of this lipid-protein interaction is still lacking. To address the essential role of cardiolipin in supercomplex organization, we report cryo-EM structures of a wild type supercomplex (IV1III2IV1) and a supercomplex (III2IV1) isolated from a cardiolipin-lacking Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant at 3.2-Å and 3.3-Å resolution, respectively, and demonstrate that phosphatidylglycerol in III2IV1 occupies similar positions as cardiolipin in IV1III2IV1. Lipid-protein interactions within these complexes differ, which conceivably underlies the reduced level of IV1III2IV1 and high levels of III2IV1 and free III2 and IV in mutant mitochondria. Here we show that anionic phospholipids interact with positive amino acids and appear to nucleate a phospholipid domain at the interface between the individual complexes, which dampen charge repulsion and further stabilize interaction, respectively, between individual complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey F Hryc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Venkata K P S Mallampalli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Evgeniy I Bovshik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stavros Azinas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guizhen Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Irina I Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Genevieve C Sparagna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorada, USA
| | - Matthew L Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Eugenia Mileykovskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - William Dowhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Membrane Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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9
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Montalvo RN, Boeno FP, Dowllah IM, Moritz CEJ, Nguyen BL, Doerr V, Bomkamp MP, Smuder AJ. Exercise and Doxorubicin Modify Markers of Iron Overload and Cardiolipin Deficiency in Cardiac Mitochondria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097689. [PMID: 37175395 PMCID: PMC10177936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent highly effective at limiting cancer progression. Despite the efficacy of this anticancer drug, the clinical use of DOX is limited due to cardiotoxicity. The cardiac mitochondria are implicated as the primary target of DOX, resulting in inactivation of electron transport system complexes, oxidative stress, and iron overload. However, it is established that the cardiac mitochondrial subpopulations reveal differential responses to DOX exposure, with subsarcolemmal (SS) mitochondria demonstrating redox imbalance and the intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria showing reduced respiration. In this regard, exercise training is an effective intervention to prevent DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction. Although it is clear that exercise confers mitochondrial protection, it is currently unknown if exercise training mitigates DOX cardiac mitochondrial toxicity by promoting beneficial adaptations to both the SS and IMF mitochondria. To test this, SS and IMF mitochondria were isolated from sedentary and exercise-preconditioned female Sprague Dawley rats exposed to acute DOX treatment. Our findings reveal a greater effect of exercise preconditioning on redox balance and iron handling in the SS mitochondria of DOX-treated rats compared to IMF, with rescue of cardiolipin synthase 1 expression in both subpopulations. These results demonstrate that exercise preconditioning improves mitochondrial homeostasis when combined with DOX treatment, and that the SS mitochondria display greater protection compared to the IMF mitochondria. These data provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms that are in part responsible for exercise-induced protection against DOX toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan N Montalvo
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Franccesco P Boeno
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Imtiaz M Dowllah
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Cesar E Jacintho Moritz
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Branden L Nguyen
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Vivian Doerr
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Matthew P Bomkamp
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ashley J Smuder
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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10
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Nedara K, Reinhardt C, Lebraud E, Arena G, Gracia C, Buard V, Pioche-Durieu C, Castelli F, Colsch B, Bénit P, Rustin P, Albaud B, Gestraud P, Baulande S, Servant N, Deutsch E, Verbavatz JM, Brenner C, Milliat F, Modjtahedi N. Relevance of the TRIAP1/p53 axis in colon cancer cell proliferation and adaptation to glutamine deprivation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:958155. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.958155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human TRIAP1 (TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; also known as p53CSV for p53-inducible cell survival factor) is the homolog of yeast Mdm35, a well-known chaperone that interacts with the Ups/PRELI family proteins and participates in the intramitochondrial transfer of lipids for the synthesis of cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylethanolamine. Although recent reports indicate that TRIAP1 is a prosurvival factor abnormally overexpressed in various types of cancer, knowledge about its molecular and metabolic function in human cells is still elusive. It is therefore critical to understand the metabolic and proliferative advantages that TRIAP1 expression provides to cancer cells. Here, in a colorectal cancer cell model, we report that the expression of TRIAP1 supports cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Depletion of TRIAP1 perturbed the mitochondrial ultrastructure, without a major impact on CL levels and mitochondrial activity. TRIAP1 depletion caused extramitochondrial perturbations resulting in changes in the endoplasmic reticulum-dependent lipid homeostasis and induction of a p53-mediated stress response. Furthermore, we observed that TRIAP1 depletion conferred a robust p53-mediated resistance to the metabolic stress caused by glutamine deprivation. These findings highlight the importance of TRIAP1 in tumorigenesis and indicate that the loss of TRIAP1 has extramitochondrial consequences that could impact on the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and their response to conditions of nutrient deprivation.
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11
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Jiang Z, Shen T, Huynh H, Fang X, Han Z, Ouyang K. Cardiolipin Regulates Mitochondrial Ultrastructure and Function in Mammalian Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101889. [PMID: 36292774 PMCID: PMC9601307 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique, tetra-acylated diphosphatidylglycerol lipid that mainly localizes in the inner mitochondria membrane (IMM) in mammalian cells and plays a central role in regulating mitochondrial architecture and functioning. A deficiency of CL biosynthesis and remodeling perturbs mitochondrial functioning and ultrastructure. Clinical and experimental studies on human patients and animal models have also provided compelling evidence that an abnormal CL content, acyl chain composition, localization, and level of oxidation may be directly linked to multiple diseases, including cardiomyopathy, neuronal dysfunction, immune cell defects, and metabolic disorders. The central role of CL in regulating the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases has attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this review, we focus on the advances in our understanding of the physiological roles of CL biosynthesis and remodeling from human patients and mouse models, and we provide an overview of the potential mechanism by which CL regulates the mitochondrial architecture and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Helen Huynh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xi Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.O.)
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.O.)
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12
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Savva C, Helguero LA, González-Granillo M, Melo T, Couto D, Angelin B, Domingues MR, Li X, Kutter C, Korach-André M. Molecular programming modulates hepatic lipid metabolism and adult metabolic risk in the offspring of obese mothers in a sex-specific manner. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1057. [PMID: 36195702 PMCID: PMC9532402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Male and female offspring of obese mothers are known to differ extensively in their metabolic adaptation and later development of complications. We investigate the sex-dependent responses in obese offspring mice with maternal obesity, focusing on changes in liver glucose and lipid metabolism. Here we show that maternal obesity prior to and during gestation leads to hepatic steatosis and inflammation in male offspring, while female offspring are protected. Females from obese mothers display important changes in hepatic transcriptional activity and triglycerides profile which may prevent the damaging effects of maternal obesity compared to males. These differences are sustained later in life, resulting in a better metabolic balance in female offspring. In conclusion, sex and maternal obesity drive differently transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of major metabolic processes in offspring liver, explaining the sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated metabolic risk. Sex and maternal obesity drive differently transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of major metabolic processes in the livers of female and male offspring, contributing to the sexual dimorphism in obesity-associated metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Savva
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa A Helguero
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Couto
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bo Angelin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Xidan Li
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marion Korach-André
- Department of Medicine, Cardiometabolic Unit and Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Gene Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
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13
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Wegener J, Krause S, Parafianczuk V, Chaniotakis I, Schiller J, Dannenberger D, Engel KM. Lipidomic specializations of honeybee (Apis mellifera) castes and ethotypes. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 142:104439. [PMID: 36063873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees of the same colony combine a near-homogeneous genetic background with a high level of phenotypic plasticity, making them ideal models for functional lipidomics. The only external lipid source of the colony is pollen, a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It has been suggested that differences in exposure to pollen-derived PUFA could partly explain differences in longevity between honeybee castes. We here investigated whether the membrane composition of honeybees plays roles in the physiological adaptation to tasks of individuals within the colony. Membranes of cell heaters, a group of workers producing heat from their flight muscles to uphold brood nest temperature, were compared to those of different types of non-heaters. We found that the lipidomic profiles of these groups fall into clearly different "lipotypes", characterized by chain length and saturation of phospholipid-bound fatty acyl residues. The nutritional exposure to PUFA during early adult life and pupal development at the lower edge of the natural range of brood nest temperature both suppressed the expression of the cell heater-"lipotype". Because cardiolipins (CL) are the lipid class most clearly differentiating honeybee phenotypes, and CL plays central roles in mitochondrial function, dysfunction and aging, our findings could help to understand these processes in other animals and humans. Taken together, the lipidome analysis of different life stages of workers, fertile queens, and drones lead to the hypothesis that honeybee "lipotypes" might represent adaptations to different energetic profiles and the likelihood of exposure to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wegener
- Institute for Bee Research, Friedrich-Engels-Strasse 32, 16540 Hohen Neuendorf, Germany.
| | - Sophie Krause
- Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 1 - 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victoria Parafianczuk
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ioannis Chaniotakis
- Institute for Bee Research, Friedrich-Engels-Strasse 32, 16540 Hohen Neuendorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Kathrin M Engel
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Haertelstrasse 16 - 18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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14
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Huang H, Zhou R, Wen H, Xu Z, Zhang S, Wang W, Krosky D, Miller R. Synthesis of biotinylated-LPG as a chemical biology tool enabling discovery of ALCAT1 modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 72:128861. [PMID: 35718103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As a mitochondrial signature phospholipid, cardiolipin (CL) is required for membrane structure, respiration, dynamics, fragmentation, and mitophagy. Alteration of CL by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The enzyme ALCAT1 (acyl-CoA: lysocardiolipin acyltransferase-1) facilitates the conversion of CL by incorporating polyunsaturated fatty acids into lysocardiolipin. Accumulating evidence suggests that overexpression of ALCAT1 is involved in pathological cardiolipin remodeling and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Few ALCAT1 modulators are reported in the literature, and the enzymatic activity was tested via a low-throughput TLC (thin layer chromatography) assay. To identify small molecule ALCAT1 inhibitors, a robust assay was needed to enable a full deck high throughput screen. Scintillation proximity assay (SPA) was the method of choice because it permits the rapid and sensitive measurement of a broad range of biological processes in a homogeneous system. A biotinylated ALCAT1 substrate was required as a chemical biology tool in developing SPA. Among a panel of phospholipids, lysophosphatidyl glycerol (LPG) was identified as the best substrate for ALCAT1. Herein we report the synthesis of biotinylated-LPG analogs with varied linker lengths and their activity towards ALCAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, United States.
| | - Renmei Zhou
- Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, No.6 TaiHe Road, Beijng 100176, PR China
| | - He Wen
- Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, No.6 TaiHe Road, Beijng 100176, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, No.6 TaiHe Road, Beijng 100176, PR China
| | - Shengmei Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co. Ltd, No.6 TaiHe Road, Beijng 100176, PR China
| | - Weixue Wang
- Discovery Technologies & Molecular Pharmacology, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, United States
| | - Daniel Krosky
- Discovery Technologies & Molecular Pharmacology, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, United States
| | - Robyn Miller
- Structural & Protein Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, United States
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15
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Li J, Li Z, Ran J, Yang C, Lin Z, Liu Y. LC/MS-based lipidomics to characterize breed-specific and tissue-specific lipid composition of chicken meat and abdominal fat. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Zhang T, Liu Q, Gao W, Sehgal SA, Wu H. The multifaceted regulation of mitophagy by endogenous metabolites. Autophagy 2022; 18:1216-1239. [PMID: 34583624 PMCID: PMC9225590 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1975914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the dominant functions of mitochondria in multiple cellular metabolisms and distinct types of regulated cell death, maintaining a functional mitochondrial network is fundamental for the cellular homeostasis and body fitness in response to physiological adaptations and stressed conditions. The process of mitophagy, in which the dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria are selectively engulfed by autophagosome and subsequently degraded in lysosome, has been well formulated as one of the major mechanisms for mitochondrial quality control. To date, the PINK1-PRKN-dependent and receptors (including proteins and lipids)-dependent pathways have been characterized to determine the mitophagy in mammalian cells. The mitophagy is highly responsive to the dynamics of endogenous metabolites, including iron-, calcium-, glycolysis-TCA-, NAD+-, amino acids-, fatty acids-, and cAMP-associated metabolites. Herein, we summarize the recent advances toward the molecular details of mitophagy regulation in mammalian cells. We also highlight the key regulations of mammalian mitophagy by endogenous metabolites, shed new light on the bidirectional interplay between mitophagy and cellular metabolisms, with attempting to provide a perspective insight into the nutritional intervention of metabolic disorders with mitophagy deficit.Abbreviations: acetyl-CoA: acetyl-coenzyme A; ACO1: aconitase 1; ADCYs: adenylate cyclases; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; BCL2L1: BCL2 like 1; BCL2L13: BCL2 like 13; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; Ca2+: calcium ion; CALCOCO2: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CANX: calnexin; CO: carbon monoxide; CYCS: cytochrome c, somatic; DFP: deferiprone; DNM1L: dynamin 1 like; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FKBP8: FKBP prolyl isomerase 8; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; FTMT: ferritin mitochondrial; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain containing 1; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; GSH: glutathione; HIF1A: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; IMMT: inner membrane mitochondrial protein; IRP1: iron regulatory protein 1; ISC: iron-sulfur cluster; ITPR2: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type 2 receptor; KMO: kynurenine 3-monooxygenase; LIR: LC3 interacting region; MAM: mitochondria-associated membrane; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MFNs: mitofusins; mitophagy: mitochondrial autophagy; mPTP: mitochondrial permeability transition pore; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAD+: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAM: nicotinamide; NMN: nicotinamide mononucleotide; NO: nitric oxide; NPA: Niemann-Pick type A; NR: nicotinamide riboside; NR4A1: nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1; NRF1: nuclear respiratory factor 1; OPA1: OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase; OPTN: optineurin; PARL: presenilin associated rhomboid like; PARPs: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases; PC: phosphatidylcholine; PHB2: prohibitin 2; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma; PPARGC1A: PPARG coactivator 1 alpha; PRKA: protein kinase AMP-activated; PRKDC: protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; RHOT: ras homolog family member T; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SIRTs: sirtuins; STK11: serine/threonine kinase 11; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; TP53: tumor protein p53; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VDAC1: voltage dependent anion channel 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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17
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Guzman S, Dragan M, Kwon H, de Oliveira V, Rao S, Bhatt V, Kalemba KM, Shah A, Rustgi VK, Wang H, Bech PR, Abbara A, Izzi-Engbeaya C, Manousou P, Guo JY, Guo GL, Radovick S, Dhillo WS, Wondisford FE, Babwah AV, Bhattacharya M. Targeting hepatic kisspeptin receptor ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a mouse model. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:145889. [PMID: 35349482 PMCID: PMC9106350 DOI: 10.1172/jci145889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease, has become a silent worldwide pandemic. The incidence of NAFLD correlates with the rise in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. A hallmark featureof NAFLD is excessive hepatic fat accumulation or steatosis, due to dysregulated hepatic fat metabolism, which can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapies to treat this disease. Here, we have found that activation of the kisspeptin 1 receptor (KISS1R) signaling pathway has therapeutic effects in NAFLD. Using high-fat diet-fed mice, we demonstrated that a deletion of hepatic Kiss1r exacerbated hepatic steatosis. In contrast, enhanced stimulation of KISS1R protected against steatosis in wild-type C57BL/6J mice and decreased fibrosis using a diet-induced mouse model of NASH. Mechanistically, we found that hepatic KISS1R signaling activates the master energy regulator, AMPK, to thereby decrease lipogenesis and progression to NASH. In patients with NAFLD and in high-fat diet-fed mice, hepatic KISS1/KISS1R expression and plasma kisspeptin levels were elevated, suggesting a compensatory mechanism to reduce triglyceride synthesis. These findings establish KISS1R as a therapeutic target to treat NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephania Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Hyokjoon Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and
| | | | - Shivani Rao
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and
| | - Vrushank Bhatt
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Ankit Shah
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and
| | - Vinod K. Rustgi
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and
| | - He Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Paul R. Bech
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine and
| | - Ali Abbara
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine and
| | | | - Pinelopi Manousou
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessie Y. Guo
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Grace L. Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, and
| | - Sally Radovick
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Andy V. Babwah
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Moshmi Bhattacharya
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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18
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Lee RG, Balasubramaniam S, Stentenbach M, Kralj T, McCubbin T, Padman B, Smith J, Riley LG, Priyadarshi A, Peng L, Nuske MR, Webster R, Peacock K, Roberts P, Stark Z, Lemire G, Ito YA, Boycott KM, Geraghty MT, van Klinken JB, Ferdinandusse S, Zhou Y, Walsh R, Marcellin E, Thorburn DR, Rosciolli T, Fletcher J, Rackham O, Vaz FM, Reid GE, Filipovska A. Deleterious variants in CRLS1 lead to cardiolipin deficiency and cause an autosomal recessive multi-system mitochondrial disease. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3597-3612. [PMID: 35147173 PMCID: PMC9616573 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of inherited diseases with highly varied and complex clinical presentations. Here, we report four individuals, including two siblings, affected by a progressive mitochondrial encephalopathy with biallelic variants in the cardiolipin biosynthesis gene CRLS1. Three affected individuals had a similar infantile presentation comprising progressive encephalopathy, bull's eye maculopathy, auditory neuropathy, diabetes insipidus, autonomic instability, cardiac defects and early death. The fourth affected individual presented with chronic encephalopathy with neurodevelopmental regression, congenital nystagmus with decreased vision, sensorineural hearing loss, failure to thrive and acquired microcephaly. Using patient-derived fibroblasts, we characterized cardiolipin synthase 1 (CRLS1) dysfunction that impaired mitochondrial morphology and biogenesis, providing functional evidence that the CRLS1 variants cause mitochondrial disease. Lipid profiling in fibroblasts from two patients further confirmed the functional defect demonstrating reduced cardiolipin levels, altered acyl-chain composition and significantly increased levels of phosphatidylglycerol, the substrate of CRLS1. Proteomic profiling of patient cells and mouse Crls1 knockout cell lines identified both endoplasmic reticular and mitochondrial stress responses, and key features that distinguish between varying degrees of cardiolipin insufficiency. These findings support that deleterious variants in CRLS1 cause an autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease, presenting as a severe encephalopathy with multi-systemic involvement. Furthermore, we identify key signatures in cardiolipin and proteome profiles across various degrees of cardiolipin loss, facilitating the use of omics technologies to guide future diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maike Stentenbach
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia,ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tom Kralj
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tim McCubbin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and Queensland Node of Metabolomics Australia,The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin Padman
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of WA, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Janine Smith
- Discipline of Genomic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,Department of Clinical Genetics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Lisa G Riley
- Rare Diseases Functional Genomics, Kids Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead and Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Archana Priyadarshi
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Liuyu Peng
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Madison R Nuske
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ken Peacock
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia,General Paediatric Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Philip Roberts
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Zornitza Stark
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia,Australian Genomics, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Lemire
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Yoko A Ito
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | | | - Kym M Boycott
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Michael T Geraghty
- Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jan Bert van Klinken
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Zhou
- NSW Health Pathology, Randwick, NSW 2145, Australia
| | | | - Esteban Marcellin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and Queensland Node of Metabolomics Australia,The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia,Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Tony Rosciolli
- NSW Health Pathology, Randwick, NSW 2145, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | | | - Oliver Rackham
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia,ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia,Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gavin E Reid
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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19
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Oemer G, Koch J, Wohlfarter Y, Lackner K, Gebert REM, Geley S, Zschocke J, Keller MA. The lipid environment modulates cardiolipin and phospholipid constitution in wild type and tafazzin-deficient cells. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:38-50. [PMID: 34494285 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of the transacylase tafazzin due to loss of function variants in the X-chromosomal TAFAZZIN gene causes Barth syndrome (BTHS) with severe neonatal or infantile cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, myopathy, and short stature. The condition is characterized by drastic changes in the composition of cardiolipins, a mitochondria-specific class of phospholipids. Studies examining the impact of tafazzin deficiency on the metabolism of other phospholipids have so far generated inhomogeneous and partly conflicting results. Recent studies showed that the cardiolipin composition in cells and different murine tissues is highly dependent on the surrounding lipid environment. In order to study the relevance of different lipid states and tafazzin function for cardiolipin and phospholipid homeostasis we conducted systematic modulation experiments in a CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out model for BTHS. We found that-irrespective of tafazzin function-the composition of cardiolipins strongly depends on the nutritionally available lipid pool. Tafazzin deficiency causes a consistent shift towards cardiolipin species with more saturated and shorter acyl chains. Interestingly, the typical biochemical BTHS phenotype in phospholipid profiles of HEK 293T TAZ knock-out cells strongly depends on the cellular lipid context. In response to altered nutritional lipid compositions, we measured more pronounced changes on phospholipids that were largely masked under standard cell culturing conditions, therewith giving a possible explanation for the conflicting results reported so far on BTHS lipid phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Oemer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Koch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yvonne Wohlfarter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Lackner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rita E M Gebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus A Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Zhang IW, López-Vicario C, Duran-Güell M, Clària J. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Advanced Liver Disease: Emerging Concepts. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:772174. [PMID: 34888354 PMCID: PMC8650317 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.772174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are entrusted with the challenging task of providing energy through the generation of ATP, the universal cellular currency, thereby being highly flexible to different acute and chronic nutrient demands of the cell. The fact that mitochondrial diseases (genetic disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome) manifest through a remarkable clinical variation of symptoms in affected individuals underlines the far-reaching implications of mitochondrial dysfunction. The study of mitochondrial function in genetic or non-genetic diseases therefore requires a multi-angled approach. Taking into account that the liver is among the organs richest in mitochondria, it stands to reason that in the process of unravelling the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases, researchers give special focus to characterizing mitochondrial function. However, mitochondrial dysfunction is not a uniformly defined term. It can refer to a decline in energy production, increase in reactive oxygen species and so forth. Therefore, any study on mitochondrial dysfunction first needs to define the dysfunction to be investigated. Here, we review the alterations of mitochondrial function in liver cirrhosis with emphasis on acutely decompensated liver cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), the latter being a form of acute decompensation characterized by a generalized state of systemic hyperinflammation/immunosuppression and high mortality rate. The studies that we discuss were either carried out in liver tissue itself of these patients, or in circulating leukocytes, whose mitochondrial alterations might reflect tissue and organ mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, we present different methodological approaches that can be of utility to address the diverse aspects of hepatocyte and leukocyte mitochondrial function in liver disease. They include assays to measure metabolic fluxes using the comparatively novel Biolog’s MitoPlates in a 96-well format as well as assessment of mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry using Oroboros’ O2k-technology and Agilent Seahorse XF technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid W Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Vicario
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Duran-Güell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Clària
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Ranjbarvaziri S, Kooiker KB, Ellenberger M, Fajardo G, Zhao M, Vander Roest AS, Woldeyes RA, Koyano TT, Fong R, Ma N, Tian L, Traber GM, Chan F, Perrino J, Reddy S, Chiu W, Wu JC, Woo JY, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Snyder MP, Contrepois K, Bernstein D. Altered Cardiac Energetics and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2021; 144:1714-1731. [PMID: 34672721 PMCID: PMC8608736 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.053575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex disease partly explained by the effects of individual gene variants on sarcomeric protein biomechanics. At the cellular level, HCM mutations most commonly enhance force production, leading to higher energy demands. Despite significant advances in elucidating sarcomeric structure-function relationships, there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms that link altered cardiac energetics to HCM phenotypes. In this work, we test the hypothesis that changes in cardiac energetics represent a common pathophysiologic pathway in HCM. METHODS We performed a comprehensive multiomics profile of the molecular (transcripts, metabolites, and complex lipids), ultrastructural, and functional components of HCM energetics using myocardial samples from 27 HCM patients and 13 normal controls (donor hearts). RESULTS Integrated omics analysis revealed alterations in a wide array of biochemical pathways with major dysregulation in fatty acid metabolism, reduction of acylcarnitines, and accumulation of free fatty acids. HCM hearts showed evidence of global energetic decompensation manifested by a decrease in high energy phosphate metabolites (ATP, ADP, and phosphocreatine) and a reduction in mitochondrial genes involved in creatine kinase and ATP synthesis. Accompanying these metabolic derangements, electron microscopy showed an increased fraction of severely damaged mitochondria with reduced cristae density, coinciding with reduced citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial oxidative respiration. These mitochondrial abnormalities were associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and reduced antioxidant defenses. However, despite significant mitochondrial injury, HCM hearts failed to upregulate mitophagic clearance. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that perturbed metabolic signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction are common pathogenic mechanisms in patients with HCM. These results highlight potential new drug targets for attenuation of the clinical disease through improving metabolic function and reducing mitochondrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbarvaziri
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kristina B Kooiker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle (K.B.K.)
| | - Mathew Ellenberger
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Giovanni Fajardo
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Alison Schroer Vander Roest
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rahel A Woldeyes
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Tiffany T Koyano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Robyn Fong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Ning Ma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Lei Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Gavin M Traber
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Frandics Chan
- Department of Radiology (F.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - John Perrino
- Cell Sciences Imaging Facility (J.P.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Sushma Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Wah Chiu
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
- Division of Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Bioimaging, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph Y Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Kathleen M Ruppel
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Biochemistry (K.M.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
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22
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Lipidomic and Proteomic Alterations Induced by Even and Odd Medium-Chain Fatty Acids on Fibroblasts of Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910556. [PMID: 34638902 PMCID: PMC8508682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Medium-chain fatty acids (mc-FAs) are currently applied in the treatment of long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (lc-FAOD) characterized by impaired β-oxidation. Here, we performed lipidomic and proteomic analysis in fibroblasts from patients with very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCADD) and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHADD) deficiencies after incubation with heptanoate (C7) and octanoate (C8). Defects of β-oxidation induced striking proteomic alterations, whereas the effect of treatment with mc-FAs was minor. However, mc-FAs induced a remodeling of complex lipids. Especially C7 appeared to act protectively by restoring sphingolipid biosynthesis flux and improving the observed dysregulation of protein homeostasis in LCHADD under control conditions.
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23
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Cardiolipin, Non-Bilayer Structures and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Relevance to Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071721. [PMID: 34359891 PMCID: PMC8304834 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review is an attempt to conceptualize a contemporary understanding about the roles that cardiolipin, a mitochondrial specific conical phospholipid, and non-bilayer structures, predominantly found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), play in mitochondrial bioenergetics. This review outlines the link between changes in mitochondrial cardiolipin concentration and changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics, including changes in the IMM curvature and surface area, cristae density and architecture, efficiency of electron transport chain (ETC), interaction of ETC proteins, oligomerization of respiratory complexes, and mitochondrial ATP production. A relationship between cardiolipin decline in IMM and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, is thoroughly presented. Particular attention is paid to the targeting of cardiolipin by Szeto–Schiller tetrapeptides, which leads to rejuvenation of important mitochondrial activities in dysfunctional and aging mitochondria. The role of cardiolipin in triggering non-bilayer structures and the functional roles of non-bilayer structures in energy-converting membranes are reviewed. The latest studies on non-bilayer structures induced by cobra venom peptides are examined in model and mitochondrial membranes, including studies on how non-bilayer structures modulate mitochondrial activities. A mechanism by which non-bilayer compartments are formed in the apex of cristae and by which non-bilayer compartments facilitate ATP synthase dimerization and ATP production is also presented.
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24
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Different Lipid Signature in Fibroblasts of Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051239. [PMID: 34069977 PMCID: PMC8157847 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (lc-FAOD) are a group of diseases affecting the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. In order to investigate the disease specific alterations of the cellular lipidome, we performed undirected lipidomics in fibroblasts from patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase II, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. We demonstrate a deep remodeling of mitochondrial cardiolipins. The aberrant phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio and the increased content of plasmalogens and of lysophospholipids support the theory of an inflammatory phenotype in lc-FAOD. Moreover, we describe increased ratios of sphingomyelin/ceramide and sphingomyelin/hexosylceramide in LCHAD deficiency which may contribute to the neuropathic phenotype of LCHADD/mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency.
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25
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Xu M, Yao J, Shi Y, Yi H, Zhao W, Lin X, Yang Z. The SRCAP chromatin remodeling complex promotes oxidative metabolism during prenatal heart development. Development 2021; 148:237772. [PMID: 33913477 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian heart development relies on cardiomyocyte mitochondrial maturation and metabolism. Embryonic cardiomyocytes make a metabolic shift from anaerobic glycolysis to oxidative metabolism by mid-gestation. VHL-HIF signaling favors anaerobic glycolysis but this process subsides by E14.5. Meanwhile, oxidative metabolism becomes activated but its regulation is largely elusive. Here, we first pinpointed a crucial temporal window for mitochondrial maturation and metabolic shift, and uncovered the pivotal role of the SRCAP chromatin remodeling complex in these processes in mouse. Disruption of this complex massively suppressed the transcription of key genes required for the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid β-oxidation and ubiquinone biosynthesis, and destroyed respirasome stability. Furthermore, we found that the SRCAP complex functioned through H2A.Z deposition to activate transcription of metabolic genes. These findings have unveiled the important physiological functions of the SRCAP complex in regulating mitochondrial maturation and promoting oxidative metabolism during heart development, and shed new light on the transcriptional regulation of ubiquinone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jie Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yingchao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huijuan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wukui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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26
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Oshima Y, Cartier E, Boyman L, Verhoeven N, Polster BM, Huang W, Kane M, Lederer WJ, Karbowski M. Parkin-independent mitophagy via Drp1-mediated outer membrane severing and inner membrane ubiquitination. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211984. [PMID: 33851959 PMCID: PMC8050842 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202006043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that acute reduction in mitochondrial translation fidelity (MTF) causes ubiquitination of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) proteins, including TRAP1 and CPOX, which occurs selectively in mitochondria with a severed outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Ubiquitinated IMM recruits the autophagy machinery. Inhibiting autophagy leads to increased accumulation of mitochondria with severed OMM and ubiquitinated IMM. This process occurs downstream of the accumulation of cytochrome c/CPOX in a subset of mitochondria heterogeneously distributed throughout the cell (“mosaic distribution”). Formation of mosaic mitochondria, OMM severing, and IMM ubiquitination require active mitochondrial translation and mitochondrial fission, but not the proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bak. In contrast, in Parkin-overexpressing cells, MTF reduction does not lead to the severing of the OMM or IMM ubiquitination, but it does induce Drp1-independent ubiquitination of the OMM. Furthermore, high–cytochrome c/CPOX mitochondria are preferentially targeted by Parkin, indicating that in the context of reduced MTF, they are mitophagy intermediates regardless of Parkin expression. In sum, Parkin-deficient cells adapt to mitochondrial proteotoxicity through a Drp1-mediated mechanism that involves the severing of the OMM and autophagy targeting ubiquitinated IMM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Oshima
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Etienne Cartier
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Liron Boyman
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nicolas Verhoeven
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Brian M Polster
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maureen Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD
| | - W Jonathan Lederer
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mariusz Karbowski
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Randolph CE, Shenault DM, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Localization of Carbon-Carbon Double Bond and Cyclopropane Sites in Cardiolipins via Gas-Phase Charge Inversion Reactions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:455-464. [PMID: 33370110 PMCID: PMC8557092 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipins (CLs) are comprised of two phosphatic acid moieties bound to a central glycerol backbone and are substituted with four acyl chains. Consequently, a vast number of distinct CL structures are possible in different biological contexts, representing a significant analytical challenge. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) has become a widely used approach for the detection, characterization, and quantitation of complex lipids, including CLs. Central to this approach is fragmentation of the [CLs - H]- or [CL - 2H]2- anions by collision-induced dissociation (CID). Product ions in the resulting tandem mass spectra confirm the CL subclass assignment and reveal the numbers of carbons and degrees of unsaturation in each of the acyl chains. Conventional CID, however, affords limited structural elucidation of the fatty acyl chains, failing to discriminate isomers arising from different site(s) of unsaturation or cyclopropanation and potentially obscuring their metabolic origins. Here, we report the application of charge inversion ion/ion chemistry in the gas phase to enhance the structural elucidation of CLs. Briefly, CID of [CL - H]2- anions generated via negative ion ESI allowed for the assignment of individual fatty acyl substituents and phosphatidic acid moieties. Next, gas-phase derivatization of the resulting CL product ions, including fatty acyl carboxylate anions, was effected with gas-phase ion/ion charge inversion reactions with tris-phenanthroline magnesium reagent dications. Subsequent isolation and activation of the charge-inverted fatty acyl complex cations permitted the localization of both carbon-carbon double bond and cyclopropane motifs within each of the four acyl chains of CLs. This approach was applied to the de novo elucidation of unknown CLs in a biological extract revealing distinct isomeric populations and regiochemical relationships between double bonds and carbocyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | | | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
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28
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Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J. Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020129. [PMID: 33498316 PMCID: PMC7909293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenously synthesized indolamine, is a powerful antioxidant exerting beneficial action in many pathological conditions. Melatonin protects from oxidative stress in ischemic/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, decreases inflammation, modulates the immune system, inhibits proliferation, counteracts the Warburg effect, and promotes apoptosis in various cancer models. Melatonin stimulates antioxidant enzymes in the cells, protects mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, especially cardiolipin, from oxidation thus preserving integrity of the membranes, affects mitochondrial membrane potential, stimulates activity of respiratory chain enzymes, and decreases the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin effects in the cells during normal and pathological conditions and possible melatonin clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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29
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Corrado M, Edwards-Hicks J, Villa M, Flachsmann LJ, Sanin DE, Jacobs M, Baixauli F, Stanczak M, Anderson E, Azuma M, Quintana A, Curtis JD, Clapes T, Grzes KM, Kabat AM, Kyle R, Patterson AE, Geltink RK, Amulic B, Steward CG, Strathdee D, Trompouki E, O'Sullivan D, Pearce EJ, Pearce EL. Dynamic Cardiolipin Synthesis Is Required for CD8 + T Cell Immunity. Cell Metab 2020; 32:981-995.e7. [PMID: 33264603 PMCID: PMC7721104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria constantly adapt to the metabolic needs of a cell. This mitochondrial plasticity is critical to T cells, which modulate metabolism depending on antigen-driven signals and environment. We show here that de novo synthesis of the mitochondrial membrane-specific lipid cardiolipin maintains CD8+ T cell function. T cells deficient for the cardiolipin-synthesizing enzyme PTPMT1 had reduced cardiolipin and responded poorly to antigen because basal cardiolipin levels were required for activation. However, neither de novo cardiolipin synthesis, nor its Tafazzin-dependent remodeling, was needed for T cell activation. In contrast, PTPMT1-dependent cardiolipin synthesis was vital when mitochondrial fitness was required, most notably during memory T cell differentiation or nutrient stress. We also found CD8+ T cell defects in a small cohort of patients with Barth syndrome, where TAFAZZIN is mutated, and in a Tafazzin-deficient mouse model. Thus, the dynamic regulation of a single mitochondrial lipid is crucial for CD8+ T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Corrado
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joy Edwards-Hicks
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lea J Flachsmann
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David E Sanin
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maaike Jacobs
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michal Stanczak
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eve Anderson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1 BD, UK
| | - Mai Azuma
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Quintana
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Curtis
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Clapes
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ryan Kyle
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette E Patterson
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ramon Klein Geltink
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Borko Amulic
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Colin G Steward
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | | | - Eirini Trompouki
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
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30
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Xie Y, Liu J, Kang R, Tang D. Mitophagy Receptors in Tumor Biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:594203. [PMID: 33262988 PMCID: PMC7686508 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.594203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that regulate cancer biology by synthesizing macromolecules, producing energy, and regulating cell death. The understanding of mitochondrial morphology, function, biogenesis, fission and fusion kinetics, and degradation is important for the development of new anticancer strategies. Mitophagy is a type of selective autophagy that can degrade damaged mitochondria under various environmental stresses, especially oxidative damage and hypoxia. The key regulator of mitophagy is the autophagy receptor, which recognizes damaged mitochondria and allows them to enter autophagosomes by binding to MAP1LC3 or GABARAP, and then undergo lysosomal-dependent degradation. Many components of mitochondria, including mitochondrial membrane proteins (e.g., PINK1, BNIP3L, BNIP3, FUNDC1, NIPSNAP1, NIPSNAP2, BCL2L13, PHB2, and FKBP8) and lipids (e.g., cardiolipin and ceramides), act as mitophagy receptors in a context-dependent manner. Dysfunctional mitophagy not only inhibits, but also promotes, tumorigenesis. Similarly, mitophagy plays a dual role in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the mechanisms of mitophagy and highlight the pathological role of mitophagy receptors in tumorigenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchun Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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31
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Randolph CE, Fabijanczuk KC, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Proton Transfer Reactions for the Gas-Phase Separation, Concentration, and Identification of Cardiolipins. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10847-10855. [PMID: 32639138 PMCID: PMC7490759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) analysis demands high specificity, due to the extensive diversity of CL structures, and high sensitivity, due to their low relative abundance within the lipidome. While electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is the most widely used technology in lipidomics, the potential for multiple charging presents unique challenges for CL identification and quantification. Depending on the conditions, ESI-MS of lipid extracts in negative ion mode can give rise to cardiolipins ionized as both singly and doubly deprotonated anions. This signal degeneracy diminishes the signal-to-noise ratio, while in addition (for direct infusion), the dianion population falls within a m/z range already heavily congested with monoanions from more abundant glycerophospholipid subclasses. Herein, we describe a direct infusion strategy for CL profiling from total lipid extracts utilizing gas-phase proton-transfer ion/ion reactions. In this approach, lipid extracts are ionized by negative ion ESI generating both singly deprotonated phospholipids and doubly deprotonated CL anions. Charge reduction of the negative ion population by ion/ion reactions leads to an enhancement in singly deprotonated [CL - H]- species via proton transfer to the corresponding [CL - 2H]2-̅ dianions. To concentrate the [CL - H]- anion signal, multiple iterations of ion accumulation and proton-transfer ion/ion reaction can be performed prior to subsequent interrogation. Mass selection and collisional activation of the enriched population of [CL - H]- anions facilitates the assignment of individual fatty acyl substituents and phosphatidic acid moieties. Demonstrated advantages of this new approach derive from the improved performance in complex mixture analysis affording detailed characterization of low abundant CLs directly from a total biological extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | | | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
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32
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El-Hafidi M, Correa F, Zazueta C. Mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases associated with cardiolipin remodeling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165744. [PMID: 32105822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is an acidic phospholipid almost exclusively found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, that not only stabilizes the structure and function of individual components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, but regulates relevant mitochondrial processes, like mitochondrial dynamics and cristae structure maintenance among others. Alterations in CL due to peroxidation, correlates with loss of such mitochondrial activities and disease progression. In this review it is recapitulated the current state of knowledge of the role of cardiolipin remodeling associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología I. Ch. 14080, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Correa
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología I. Ch. 14080, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología I. Ch. 14080, Ciudad de México, México.
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Shilovsky GA, Putyatina TS, Ashapkin VV, Yamskova OV, Lyubetsky VA, Sorokina EV, Shram SI, Markov AV, Vyssokikh MY. Biological Diversity and Remodeling of Cardiolipin in Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Pathologies. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 84:1469-1483. [PMID: 31870251 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791912006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Age-related dysfunctions are accompanied by impairments in the mitochondrial morphology, activity of signaling pathway, and protein interactions. Cardiolipin is one of the most important phospholipids that maintains the curvature of the cristae and facilitates assembly and interaction of complexes and supercomplexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The fatty acid composition of cardiolipin influences the biophysical properties of the membrane and, therefore, is crucial for the mitochondrial bioenergetics. The presence of unsaturated fatty acids in cardiolipin is the reason of its susceptibility to oxidative damage. Damaged cardiolipin undergoes remodeling by phospholipases, acyltransferases, and transacylases, creating a highly specific fatty acyl profile for each tissue. In this review, we discuss the variability of cardiolipin fatty acid composition in various species and different tissues of the same species, both in the norm and at various pathologies (e.g., age-related diseases, oxidative and traumatic stresses, knockouts/knockdowns of enzymes of the cardiolipin synthesis pathway). Progressive pathologies, including age-related ones, are accompanied by cardiolipin depletion and decrease in the efficiency of its remodeling, as well as the activation of an alternative way of pathological remodeling, which causes replacement of cardiolipin fatty acids with polyunsaturated ones (e.g., arachidonic or docosahexaenoic acids). Drugs or special diet can contribute to the partial restoration of the cardiolipin acyl profile to the one rich in fatty acids characteristic of an intact organ or tissue, thereby correcting the consequences of pathological or insufficient cardiolipin remodeling. In this regard, an urgent task of biomedicine is to study the mechanism of action of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants effective in the treatment of age-related pathologies and capable of accumulating not only in vitro, but also in vivo in the cardiolipin-enriched membrane fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Shilovsky
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127051, Russia
| | - T S Putyatina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - V V Ashapkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - O V Yamskova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V A Lyubetsky
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127051, Russia
| | - E V Sorokina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - S I Shram
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - A V Markov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - M Y Vyssokikh
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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34
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de la Monte SM, Gallucci GM, Lin A, Tong M, Chen X, Stonestreet BS. Critical Shifts in Cerebral White Matter Lipid Profiles After Ischemic-Reperfusion Brain Injury in Fetal Sheep as Demonstrated by the Positive Ion Mode MALDI-Mass Spectrometry. CELL MEDICINE 2020; 12:2155179019897002. [PMID: 34557326 PMCID: PMC8454457 DOI: 10.1177/2155179019897002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury to cerebral white matter during the perinatal period leads to long-term cognitive and motor disabilities in children. Immature white matter oligodendrocytes are especially vulnerable to metabolic insults such as those caused by hypoxic, ischemic, and reperfusion injury. Consequences include an impaired capacity of oligodendrocytes to generate and maintain mature lipid-rich myelin needed for efficient neuronal conductivity. Further research is needed to increase an understanding of the early, possibly reversible myelin-associated pathologies that accompany I/R white matter injury. This experiment characterized I/R time-dependent alterations in cerebral white matter lipid profiles in an established fetal sheep model. Fetal sheep (127 days gestation) were subjected to 30 min of bilateral carotid artery occlusion followed by 4 h (n = 5), 24 h (n = 7), 48 h (n = 3), or 72 h (n = 5) of reperfusion, or sham treatment (n = 5). Supraventricular cerebral white matter lipids were analyzed using the positive ionization mode matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Striking I/R-associated shifts in phospholipid (PL) and sphingolipid expression with a prominent upregulation of cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol monomannoside, sphingomyelin, sulfatide, and ambiguous or unidentified lipids were observed to occur mainly at I/R-48 and normalized or suppressed responses at I/R-72. In fetal sheep, cerebral I/R caused major shifts in white matter myelin lipid composition favoring the upregulated expression of diverse PLs and sphingolipids which are needed to support neuronal membrane, synaptic, metabolic, and cell signaling functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. de la Monte
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center and the Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, RI, USA,Department of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Suzanne M. de la Monte, Rhode Island Hospital, 55 Claverick Street, Room 419, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - Gina M. Gallucci
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amy Lin
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ming Tong
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara S. Stonestreet
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
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35
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Li M, Li W, Wu J, Zheng Y, Shao J, Li Q, Kang S, Zhang Z, Yue X, Yang M. Quantitative lipidomics reveals alterations in donkey milk lipids according to lactation. Food Chem 2019; 310:125866. [PMID: 31784068 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The composition of donkey milk is similar to that of human milk. However, the lipid content in donkey milk is lower than that in human milk. Thus far, the lipid composition of donkey milk during lactation has not been well-studied. Through mass spectroscopy-based quantitative lipidomics, we analyzed lipids in donkey colostrum (DC) and mature milk (DM). Thirteen subclasses of 335 lipids were identified in both DC and DM; 60 lipids - 17 upregulated and 43 downregulated - were differentially regulated between DM and DC (Variable Importance in Projection >1, P < 0.05), demonstrating that lipid composition changed with lactation. These different lipids were involved in 19 metabolic pathways, of which glycerophospholipid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor, glycerolipid, and arachidonic acid metabolism were the most relevant. Our results provide insights into quantitative alterations in donkey milk lipids during lactation, development of donkey milk products, and screening of potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Weixuan Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Junrui Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Junhua Shao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Qilong Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Shimo Kang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Zhenghan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Mei Yang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, China.
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36
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Metabolic Biomarkers in Aging and Anti-Aging Research. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1178:247-264. [PMID: 31493231 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although human life expectancy has increased significantly over the last two centuries, this has not been paralleled by a similar rise in healthy life expectancy. Thus, an important goal of anti-aging research has been to reduce the impact of age-associated diseases as a way of extending the human healthspan. This review will explore some of the potential avenues which have emerged from this research as the most promising strategies and drug targets for therapeutic interventions to promote healthy aging.
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Zhang X, Trevino MB, Wang M, Gardell SJ, Ayala JE, Han X, Kelly DP, Goodpaster BH, Vega RB, Coen PM. Impaired Mitochondrial Energetics Characterize Poor Early Recovery of Muscle Mass Following Hind Limb Unloading in Old Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1313-1322. [PMID: 29562317 PMCID: PMC6132115 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of age-related sarcopenia can be accelerated by impaired recovery of muscle mass following periods of disuse due to illness or immobilization. However, the mechanisms underlying poor recovery of aged muscle following disuse remain to be delineated. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial energetics play an important role in regulation of muscle mass. Here, we report that 22- to 24-month-old mice with low muscle mass and low glucose clearance rate also display poor early recovery of muscle mass following 10 days of hind limb unloading. We used unbiased and targeted approaches to identify changes in energy metabolism gene expression, metabolite pools and mitochondrial phenotype, and show for the first time that persistent mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulated fatty acid β-oxidation, and elevated H2O2 emission occur concomitantly with poor early recovery of muscle mass following a period of disuse in old mice. Importantly, this is linked to more severe whole-body insulin resistance, as determined by insulin tolerance test. The findings suggest that muscle fuel metabolism and mitochondrial energetics could be a focus for mining therapeutic targets to improve recovery of muscle mass following periods of disuse in older animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Michelle B Trevino
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Miao Wang
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Stephen J Gardell
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Julio E Ayala
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Xianlin Han
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando.,Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Rick B Vega
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando.,Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
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38
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Loss of Peter Pan (PPAN) Affects Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Autophagic Flux. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080894. [PMID: 31416196 PMCID: PMC6721654 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolar stress is a cellular response to inhibition of ribosome biogenesis or nucleolar disruption leading to cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Emerging evidence points to a tight connection between nucleolar stress and autophagy as a mechanism underlying various diseases such as neurodegeneration and treatment of cancer. Peter Pan (PPAN) functions as a key regulator of ribosome biogenesis. We previously showed that human PPAN localizes to nucleoli and mitochondria and that PPAN knockdown triggers a p53-independent nucleolar stress response culminating in mitochondrial apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate a novel role of PPAN in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. Our present study characterizes PPAN as a factor required for maintaining mitochondrial integrity and respiration-coupled ATP production. PPAN interacts with cardiolipin, a lipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Down-regulation of PPAN enhances autophagic flux in cancer cells. PPAN knockdown promotes recruitment of the E3-ubiquitin ligase Parkin to damaged mitochondria. Moreover, we provide evidence that PPAN knockdown decreases mitochondrial mass in Parkin-expressing cells. In summary, our study uncovers that PPAN knockdown is linked to mitochondrial damage and stimulates autophagy.
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Wehbe Z, Behringer S, Alatibi K, Watkins D, Rosenblatt D, Spiekerkoetter U, Tucci S. The emerging role of the mitochondrial fatty-acid synthase (mtFASII) in the regulation of energy metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1629-1643. [PMID: 31376476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malonyl-CoA synthetase (ACSF3) catalyzes the first step of the mitochondrial fatty acid biosynthesis (mtFASII). Mutations in ACSF3 cause CMAMMA a rare inborn error of metabolism. The clinical phenotype is very heterogeneous, with some patients presenting with neurologic manifestations. In some children, presenting symptoms such as coma, ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia are suggestive of an intermediary metabolic disorder. The overall pathophysiological mechanisms are not understood. In order to study the role of mtFASII in the regulation of energy metabolism we performed a comprehensive metabolic phenotyping with Seahorse technology proteomics in fibroblasts from healthy controls and ACSF3 patients. SILAC-based proteomics and lipidomic analysis were performed to investigate the effects of hypofunctional mtFASII on proteome and lipid homeostasis of complex lipids. Our data clearly confirmed an impaired mitochondrial flexibility characterized by reduced mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic flux due to a lower lipoylation degree. These findings were accompanied by the adaptational upregulation of β-oxidation and by the reduction of anaplerotic amino acids as compensatory mechanism to address the required energy need. Finally, lipidomic analysis demonstrated that the content of the bioactive lipids sphingomyelins and cardiolipins was strongly increased. Our data clearly demonstrate the role of mtFASII in metabolic regulation. Moreover, we show that mtFASII acts as mediator in the lipid-mediated signaling processes in the regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Wehbe
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sidney Behringer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Khaled Alatibi
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Research Institute McGill University Health Centre, H4A 3J1 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Rosenblatt
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Research Institute McGill University Health Centre, H4A 3J1 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sara Tucci
- Department of General Pediatrics, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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40
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Paradies G, Paradies V, Ruggiero FM, Petrosillo G. Role of Cardiolipin in Mitochondrial Function and Dynamics in Health and Disease: Molecular and Pharmacological Aspects. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070728. [PMID: 31315173 PMCID: PMC6678812 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are involved in a large array of metabolic and bioenergetic processes that are vital for cell survival. Phospholipids are the main building blocks of mitochondrial membranes. Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique phospholipid which is localized and synthesized in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). It is now widely accepted that CL plays a central role in many reactions and processes involved in mitochondrial function and dynamics. Cardiolipin interacts with and is required for optimal activity of several IMM proteins, including the enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP production and for their organization into supercomplexes. Moreover, CL plays an important role in mitochondrial membrane morphology, stability and dynamics, in mitochondrial biogenesis and protein import, in mitophagy, and in different mitochondrial steps of the apoptotic process. It is conceivable that abnormalities in CL content, composition and level of oxidation may negatively impact mitochondrial function and dynamics, with important implications in a variety of pathophysiological situations and diseases. In this review, we focus on the role played by CL in mitochondrial function and dynamics in health and diseases and on the potential of pharmacological modulation of CL through several agents in attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Paradies
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Francesca M Ruggiero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petrosillo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy.
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41
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Lee JC, Yang JS, Moon MH. Simultaneous Relative Quantification of Various Polyglycerophospholipids with Isotope-Labeled Methylation by Nanoflow Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6716-6723. [PMID: 31008580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a comprehensive analytical method for the separation and relative quantification of polyglycerophospholipids (PGPLs), including phosphatidylglycerol (PG), bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), bis(diacylglycero)phosphate (BDP), Hemi BDP, cardiolipin (CL), monolysocardiolipin (MLCL), and dilysocardiolipin (DLCL), using isotope-labeled methylation (ILM) with nanoflow ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nUHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Abnormal levels of BMP and CL have been associated with the pathology of lysosomal storage and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, simultaneous analysis of all PGPLs is important to understand the mechanisms and pathologies of such diseases. In this study, improved separation and MS detection of PGPLs, including their regioisomers, was achieved by the methylation of PGPL. ILM-based relative quantification was applied to lipid extracts from a dopaminergic cell line (SH-SY5Y) treated with drugs commonly used for Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting in the identification of 229 unique PGPLs, including 121 CLs, 71 MLCLs, and 16 Hemi BDP species. The drug treatment induced significant increases in the amount of CLs containing polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains, including 20:4 and 22:6, as well as decreased levels of BMP, Hemi BDP, and BDP species, demonstrating the feasibility of using ILM for the comprehensive and high-speed relative quantification of PGPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Joon Seon Yang
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 , Korea
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42
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Chatfield KC, Sparagna GC, Chau S, Phillips EK, Ambardekar AV, Aftab M, Mitchell MB, Sucharov CC, Miyamoto SD, Stauffer BL. Elamipretide Improves Mitochondrial Function in the Failing Human Heart. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:147-157. [PMID: 31061916 PMCID: PMC6488757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is impaired in explanted failing pediatric and adult human hearts. Elamipretide is a novel mitochondria-targeted drug that is targeted to cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane and improves coupling of the electron transport chain. Treatment of explanted human hearts with elamipretide improves human cardiac mitochondrial function. The study provides novel methods to evaluate the influence of compounds on mitochondria in the human heart and provides proof of principle for the use of elamipretide to improve mitochondrial energetics in failing myocardium due to multiple etiologies and irrespective of age.
Negative alterations of mitochondria are known to occur in heart failure (HF). This study investigated the novel mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic agent elamipretide on mitochondrial and supercomplex function in failing human hearts ex vivo. Freshly explanted failing and nonfailing ventricular tissue from children and adults was treated with elamipretide. Mitochondrial oxygen flux, complex (C) I and CIV activities, and in-gel activity of supercomplex assembly were measured. Mitochondrial function was impaired in the failing human heart, and mitochondrial oxygen flux, CI and CIV activities, and supercomplex-associated CIV activity significantly improved in response to elamipretide treatment. Elamipretide significantly improved failing human mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Genevieve C Sparagna
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sarah Chau
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elisabeth K Phillips
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Amrut V Ambardekar
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Muhammad Aftab
- Department of Surgery/Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, Denver, Colorado
| | - Max B Mitchell
- Department of Surgery/Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Carmen C Sucharov
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Shelley D Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
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43
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Seneviratne AK, Xu M, Henao JJA, Fajardo VA, Hao Z, Voisin V, Xu GW, Hurren R, Kim S, MacLean N, Wang X, Gronda M, Jeyaraju D, Jitkova Y, Ketela T, Mullokandov M, Sharon D, Thomas G, Chouinard-Watkins R, Hawley JR, Schafer C, Yau HL, Khuchua Z, Aman A, Al-Awar R, Gross A, Claypool SM, Bazinet RP, Lupien M, Chan S, De Carvalho DD, Minden MD, Bader GD, Stark KD, LeBlanc P, Schimmer AD. The Mitochondrial Transacylase, Tafazzin, Regulates for AML Stemness by Modulating Intracellular Levels of Phospholipids. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:621-636.e16. [PMID: 30930145 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tafazzin (TAZ) is a mitochondrial transacylase that remodels the mitochondrial cardiolipin into its mature form. Through a CRISPR screen, we identified TAZ as necessary for the growth and viability of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Genetic inhibition of TAZ reduced stemness and increased differentiation of AML cells both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, knockdown of TAZ did not impair normal hematopoiesis under basal conditions. Mechanistically, inhibition of TAZ decreased levels of cardiolipin but also altered global levels of intracellular phospholipids, including phosphatidylserine, which controlled AML stemness and differentiation by modulating toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesh K Seneviratne
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mingjing Xu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Juan J Aristizabal Henao
- Laboratory of Nutritional Lipidomics, Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Zhenyue Hao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Veronique Voisin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Wei Xu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rose Hurren
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Kim
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neil MacLean
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcela Gronda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danny Jeyaraju
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yulia Jitkova
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Troy Ketela
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - David Sharon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geethu Thomas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - James R Hawley
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Caitlin Schafer
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Helen Loo Yau
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zaza Khuchua
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Medical Research Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ahmed Aman
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rima Al-Awar
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Atan Gross
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Steven M Claypool
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ken D Stark
- Laboratory of Nutritional Lipidomics, Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Paul LeBlanc
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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44
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Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial NADPH-Coupled Redox Systems in the Regulation of Aging. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030504. [PMID: 30818813 PMCID: PMC6471790 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) protects against redox stress by providing reducing equivalents to antioxidants such as glutathione and thioredoxin. NADPH levels decline with aging in several tissues, but whether this is a major driving force for the aging process has not been well established. Global or neural overexpression of several cytoplasmic enzymes that synthesize NADPH have been shown to extend lifespan in model organisms such as Drosophila suggesting a positive relationship between cytoplasmic NADPH levels and longevity. Mitochondrial NADPH plays an important role in the protection against redox stress and cell death and mitochondrial NADPH-utilizing thioredoxin reductase 2 levels correlate with species longevity in cells from rodents and primates. Mitochondrial NADPH shuttles allow for some NADPH flux between the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Since a decline of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is linked with aging and because NADP+ is exclusively synthesized from NAD+ by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial NAD+ kinases, a decline in the cytoplasmic or mitochondrial NADPH pool may also contribute to the aging process. Therefore pro-longevity therapies should aim to maintain the levels of both NAD+ and NADPH in aging tissues.
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45
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Keilhoff G, Mbou RP, Lucas B, Schild L. The Differentiation of Spinal Cord Motor Neurons is Associated with Changes of the Mitochondrial Phospholipid Cardiolipin. Neuroscience 2019; 400:169-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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46
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Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons from the nigrostriatal pathway, formation of Lewy bodies, and microgliosis. During the past decades multiple cellular pathways have been associated with PD pathology (i.e., oxidative stress, endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune response), yet disease-modifying treatments are not available. We have recently used genetic data from familial and sporadic cases in an unbiased approach to build a molecular landscape for PD, revealing lipids as central players in this disease. Here we extensively review the current knowledge concerning the involvement of various subclasses of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and lipoproteins in PD pathogenesis. Our review corroborates a central role for most lipid classes, but the available information is fragmented, not always reproducible, and sometimes differs by sex, age or PD etiology of the patients. This hinders drawing firm conclusions about causal or associative effects of dietary lipids or defects in specific steps of lipid metabolism in PD. Future technological advances in lipidomics and additional systematic studies on lipid species from PD patient material may improve this situation and lead to a better appreciation of the significance of lipids for this devastating disease.
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47
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Szeto HH, Liu S. Cardiolipin-targeted peptides rejuvenate mitochondrial function, remodel mitochondria, and promote tissue regeneration during aging. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 660:137-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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AAA Proteases: Guardians of Mitochondrial Function and Homeostasis. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100163. [PMID: 30314276 PMCID: PMC6210556 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic, semi-autonomous organelles that execute numerous life-sustaining tasks in eukaryotic cells. Functioning of mitochondria depends on the adequate action of versatile proteinaceous machineries. Fine-tuning of mitochondrial activity in response to cellular needs involves continuous remodeling of organellar proteome. This process not only includes modulation of various biogenetic pathways, but also the removal of superfluous proteins by adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven proteolytic machineries. Accordingly, all mitochondrial sub-compartments are under persistent surveillance of ATP-dependent proteases. Particularly important are highly conserved two inner mitochondrial membrane-bound metalloproteases known as m-AAA and i-AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities), whose mis-functioning may lead to impaired organellar function and consequently to development of severe diseases. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge of yeast, mammalian, and plant AAA proteases and their implications in mitochondrial function and homeostasis maintenance.
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49
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Vesga‐Jiménez DJ, Hidalgo‐Lanussa O, Baez‐Jurado E, Echeverria V, Ashraf GM, Sahebkar A, Barreto GE. Raloxifene attenuates oxidative stress and preserves mitochondrial function in astrocytic cells upon glucose deprivation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2051-2057. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego J. Vesga‐Jiménez
- Departamento de Nutrición y BioquímicaFacultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotá Colombia
| | - Oscar Hidalgo‐Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y BioquímicaFacultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotá Colombia
| | - Eliana Baez‐Jurado
- Departamento de Nutrición y BioquímicaFacultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotá Colombia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San SebastiánConcepción Chile
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and DevelopmentBay Pines Florida
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - George E. Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y BioquímicaFacultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotá Colombia
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de ChileSantiago Chile
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50
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p53 cooperates with SIRT6 to regulate cardiolipin de novo biosynthesis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:941. [PMID: 30237540 PMCID: PMC6148051 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 has critical roles in regulating lipid metabolism, but whether and how p53 regulates cardiolipin (CL) de novo biosynthesis is unknown. Here, we report that p53 physically interacts with histone deacetylase SIRT6 in vitro and in vivo, and this interaction increases following palmitic acid (PA) treatment. In response to PA, p53 and SIRT6 localize to chromatin in a p53-dependent manner. Chromatin p53 and SIRT6 bind the promoters of CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 1 and 2 (CDS1 and CDS2), two enzymes required to catalyze CL de novo biosynthesis. Here, SIRT6 serves as a co-activator of p53 and effectively recruits RNA polymerase II to the CDS1 and CDS2 promoters to enhance CL de novo biosynthesis. Our findings reveal a novel, cooperative model executed by p53 and SIRT6 to maintain lipid homeostasis.
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