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Tyagi A, Ali S, Park S, Bae H. Deciphering the role of mechanosensitive channels in plant root biology: perception, signaling, and adaptive responses. PLANTA 2023; 258:105. [PMID: 37878056 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Mechanosensitive channels are integral membrane proteins that rapidly translate extrinsic or intrinsic mechanical tensions into biological responses. They can serve as potential candidates for developing smart-resilient crops with efficient root systems. Mechanosensitive (MS) calcium channels are molecular switches for mechanoperception and signal transduction in all living organisms. Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding mechanoperception and signal transduction in bacteria and animals, this remains largely unknown in plants. However, identification and validation of MS channels such as Mid1-complementing activity channels (MCAs), mechanosensitive-like channels (MSLs), and Piezo channels (PIEZO) has been the most significant discovery in plant mechanobiology, providing novel insights into plant mechanoperception. This review summarizes recent advances in root mechanobiology, focusing on MS channels and their related signaling players, such as calcium ions (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phytohormones. Despite significant advances in understanding the role of Ca2+ signaling in root biology, little is known about the involvement of MS channel-driven Ca2+ and ROS signaling. Additionally, the hotspots connecting the upstream and downstream signaling of MS channels remain unclear. In light of this, we discuss the present knowledge of MS channels in root biology and their role in root developmental and adaptive traits. We also provide a model highlighting upstream (cell wall sensors) and downstream signaling players, viz., Ca2+, ROS, and hormones, connected with MS channels. Furthermore, we highlighted the importance of emerging signaling molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and neurotransmitters (NTs), and their association with root mechanoperception. Finally, we conclude with future directions and knowledge gaps that warrant further research to decipher the complexity of root mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Martinac B, Kung C. The force-from-lipid principle and its origin, a ‘ what is true for E. coli is true for the elephant’ refrain. J Neurogenet 2022; 36:44-54. [DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2022.2097674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Martinac
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ching Kung
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and the Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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3
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Sidarta M, Baruah L, Wenzel M. Roles of Bacterial Mechanosensitive Channels in Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070770. [PMID: 35890069 PMCID: PMC9322971 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria accumulate osmolytes to prevent cell dehydration during hyperosmotic stress. A sudden change to a hypotonic environment leads to a rapid water influx, causing swelling of the protoplast. To prevent cell lysis through osmotic bursting, mechanosensitive channels detect changes in turgor pressure and act as emergency-release valves for the ions and osmolytes, restoring the osmotic balance. This adaptation mechanism is well-characterized with respect to the osmotic challenges bacteria face in environments such as soil or an aquatic habitat. However, mechanosensitive channels also play a role during infection, e.g., during host colonization or release into environmental reservoirs. Moreover, recent studies have proposed roles for mechanosensitive channels as determinants of antibiotic susceptibility. Interestingly, some studies suggest that they serve as entry gates for antimicrobials into cells, enhancing antibiotic efficiency, while others propose that they play a role in antibiotic-stress adaptation, reducing susceptibility to certain antimicrobials. These findings suggest different facets regarding the relevance of mechanosensitive channels during infection and antibiotic exposure as well as illustrate that they may be interesting targets for antibacterial chemotherapy. Here, we summarize the recent findings on the relevance of mechanosensitive channels for bacterial infections, including transitioning between host and environment, virulence, and susceptibility to antimicrobials, and discuss their potential as antibacterial drug targets.
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4
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Qiu Y, Chien CC, Maroulis B, Bei J, Gaitas A, Gong B. Extending applications of AFM to fluidic AFM in single living cell studies. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3222-3238. [PMID: 35696489 PMCID: PMC9378449 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a review of a series of applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluidic Atomic Force Microscopy (fluidic AFM, hereafter fluidFM) in single-cell studies is presented. AFM applications involving single-cell and extracellular vesicle (EV) studies, colloidal force spectroscopy, and single-cell adhesion measurements are discussed. FluidFM is an offshoot of AFM that combines a microfluidic cantilever with AFM and has enabled the research community to conduct biological, pathological, and pharmacological studies on cells at the single-cell level in a liquid environment. In this review, capacities of fluidFM are discussed to illustrate (1) the speed with which sequential measurements of adhesion using coated colloid beads can be done, (2) the ability to assess lateral binding forces of endothelial or epithelial cells in a confluent cell monolayer in an appropriate physiological environment, and (3) the ease of measurement of vertical binding forces of intercellular adhesion between heterogeneous cells. Furthermore, key applications of fluidFM are reviewed regarding to EV absorption, manipulation of a single living cell by intracellular injection, sampling of cellular fluid from a single living cell, patch clamping, and mass measurements of a single living cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Chen-Chi Chien
- The Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Basile Maroulis
- The Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jiani Bei
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Angelo Gaitas
- The Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.,BioMedical Engineering & Imaging Institute, Leon and Norma Hess Center for Science and Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Bin Gong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Sealy Center for Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Institute for Human Infectious and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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5
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Bouffartigues E, Si Hadj Mohand I, Maillot O, Tortuel D, Omnes J, David A, Tahrioui A, Duchesne R, Azuama CO, Nusser M, Brenner-Weiss G, Bazire A, Connil N, Orange N, Feuilloley MGJ, Lesouhaitier O, Dufour A, Cornelis P, Chevalier S. The Temperature-Regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cmaX-cfrX-cmpX Operon Reveals an Intriguing Molecular Network Involving the Sigma Factors AlgU and SigX. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:579495. [PMID: 33193206 PMCID: PMC7641640 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.579495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly adaptable Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, notably due to its large number of transcription regulators. The extracytoplasmic sigma factor (ECFσ) AlgU, responsible for alginate biosynthesis, is also involved in responses to cell wall stress and heat shock via the RpoH alternative σ factor. The SigX ECFσ emerged as a major regulator involved in the envelope stress response via membrane remodeling, virulence and biofilm formation. However, their functional interactions to coordinate the envelope homeostasis in response to environmental variations remain to be determined. The regulation of the putative cmaX-cfrX-cmpX operon located directly upstream sigX was investigated by applying sudden temperature shifts from 37°C. We identified a SigX- and an AlgU- dependent promoter region upstream of cfrX and cmaX, respectively. We show that cmaX expression is increased upon heat shock through an AlgU-dependent but RpoH independent mechanism. In addition, the ECFσ SigX is activated in response to valinomycin, an agent altering the membrane structure, and up-regulates cfrX-cmpX transcription in response to cold shock. Altogether, these data provide new insights into the regulation exerted by SigX and networks that are involved in maintaining envelope homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Bouffartigues
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Ishac Si Hadj Mohand
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Maillot
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Damien Tortuel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Jordane Omnes
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Audrey David
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Ali Tahrioui
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Rachel Duchesne
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Cecil Onyedikachi Azuama
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Michael Nusser
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiss
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexis Bazire
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM) EA3884, IUEM, Université de Bretagne-Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Nathalie Connil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Nicole Orange
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Marc G J Feuilloley
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Alain Dufour
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM) EA3884, IUEM, Université de Bretagne-Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Pierre Cornelis
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université, Université de Rouen Normandie, Centre de Sécurité Sanitaire de Normandie, Evreux, France
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Sen CK, Mathew-Steiner SS, Das A, Sundaresan VB, Roy S. Electroceutical Management of Bacterial Biofilms and Surgical Infection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:713-724. [PMID: 32466673 PMCID: PMC7475090 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: In the host-microbe microenvironment, bioelectrical factors influence microbes and hosts as well as host-microbe interactions. This article discusses relevant mechanistic underpinnings of this novel paradigm. It also addresses how such knowledge may be leveraged to develop novel electroceutical solutions to manage biofilm infection. Recent Advances: Systematic review and meta-analysis of several hundred wound studies reported a 78.2% prevalence of biofilms in chronic wounds. Biofilm infection is a major cause of delayed wound healing. In the host-microbe microenvironment, bioelectrical factors influence interactions between microbes and hosts. Critical Issues: Rapid biological responses are driven by electrical signals generated by ion currents moving across cell membranes. Bacterial life, growth, and function rely on a bioelectrical milieu, which when perturbed impairs their ability to form a biofilm, a major threat to health care. Electrokinetic stability of several viral particles depend on electrostatic forces. Weak electrical field strength, otherwise safe for humans, can be anti-microbial in this context. In the host, the electric field enhanced keratinocyte migration, bolstered immune defenses, improved mitochondrial function, and demonstrated multiple other effects consistent with supporting wound healing. A deeper mechanistic understanding of bioelectrical principles will inform the design of next-generation electroceuticals. Future Directions: This is an opportune moment in time as there is a surge of interest in electroceuticals in medicine. Projected to reach $35.5 billion by 2025, electroceuticals are becoming a cynosure in the global market. The World Health Organization reports that more than 50% of surgical site infections can be antibiotic resistant. Electroceuticals offer a serious alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan K. Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Shomita S. Mathew-Steiner
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Amitava Das
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Vishnu Baba Sundaresan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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7
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Cox CD, Bavi N, Martinac B. Biophysical Principles of Ion-Channel-Mediated Mechanosensory Transduction. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1-12. [PMID: 31577940 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent rapid progress in the field of mechanobiology has been driven by novel emerging tools and methodologies and growing interest from different scientific disciplines. Specific progress has been made toward understanding how cell mechanics is linked to intracellular signaling and the regulation of gene expression in response to a variety of mechanical stimuli. There is a direct link between the mechanoreceptors at the cell surface and intracellular biochemical signaling, which in turn controls downstream effector molecules. Among the mechanoreceptors in the cell membrane, mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are essential for the ultra-rapid (millisecond) transduction of mechanical stimuli into biologically relevant signals. The three decades of research on mechanosensitive channels resulted in the formulation of two basic principles of mechanosensitive channel gating: force-from-lipids and force-from-filament. In this review, we revisit the biophysical principles that underlie the innate force-sensing ability of mechanosensitive channels as contributors to the force-dependent evolution of life forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Navid Bavi
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
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8
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Basu D, Shoots JM, Haswell ES. Interactions between the N- and C-termini of the mechanosensitive ion channel AtMSL10 are consistent with a three-step mechanism for activation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4020-4032. [PMID: 32280992 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although a growing number of mechanosensitive ion channels are being identified in plant systems, the molecular mechanisms by which they function are still under investigation. Overexpression of the mechanosensitive ion channel MSL (MscS-Like)10 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) triggers a number of developmental and cellular phenotypes including the induction of cell death, and this function is influenced by seven phosphorylation sites in its soluble N-terminus. Here, we show that these and other phenotypes required neither overexpression nor a tag, and could also be induced by a previously identified point mutation in the soluble C-terminus (S640L). The promotion of cell death and hyperaccumulation of H2O2 in 35S:MSL10S640L-GFP overexpression lines was suppressed by N-terminal phosphomimetic substitutions, and the soluble N- and C-terminal domains of MSL10 physically interacted. We propose a three-step model by which tension-induced conformational changes in the C-terminus could be transmitted to the N-terminus, leading to its dephosphorylation and the induction of adaptive responses. Taken together, this work expands our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of mechanotransduction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Basu
- NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennette M Shoots
- NSF Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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9
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Martinac B, Nikolaev YA, Silvani G, Bavi N, Romanov V, Nakayama Y, Martinac AD, Rohde P, Bavi O, Cox CD. Cell membrane mechanics and mechanosensory transduction. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 86:83-141. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Zhu L, Zhao W, Yan Y, Liao X, Bourtsalas A, Dan Y, Xiao H, Chen X. Interaction between mechanosensitive channels embedded in lipid membrane. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103543. [PMID: 31783284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study of the gating mechanism of mechanosensitive channels opens a window to the exploration of how different mechanical stimuli induce adaptive cellular behaviors of both the protein and the lipid, across different time and length scales. In this work, through a molecular dynamics-decorated finite element method (MDeFEM), the gating behavior of mechanosensitive channels of small conductance (MscS) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) is studied upon membrane stretch or global bending. The local membrane curvature around MscS is incorporated, as well as multiple MscL (mechanosensitive channels of large conductance) molecules in proximity to MscS. The local membrane curvature is found to delay MscS opening and diminishes moderately upon membrane stretching. Mimicking the insertion of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) molecules into the lipid, both downward and upward bending can active MscS, as long as the global membrane curvature radius reaches 34 nm. Based on the different MscS pore evolutions observed with the presence of one or more MscLs nearby, we propose that when coreconstituted, multiple MscL molecules tend to be located at the local membrane curvature zone around MscS. In another word, as MscL "swims around" in the lipid bilayer, it can be trapped by the membrane's local curvature. Collectively, the current study provides valuable insights into the interplay between mechanosensitive channels and lipid membrane at structural and physical levels, and specific predictions are proposed for further experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhu
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiangbiao Liao
- Earth Engineering Center, Center for Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
| | - Athanasios Bourtsalas
- Earth Engineering Center, Center for Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
| | - Yong Dan
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Hang Xiao
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Shaanxi Institute of Energy and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Earth Engineering Center, Center for Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
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11
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Gating and inactivation of mechanosensitive channels of small conductance: A continuum mechanics study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 90:502-514. [PMID: 30453114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive channels of small conductance (MscS) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) serve as a paradigm for understanding the gating behaviors of the MscS family of ion channels. In this work, we develop a continuum mechanics framework to explore the conformational states of MscS during the gating transition. A complete gating transition trajectory from the closed to the open state along with partially open intermediates is obtained, and the open structure is close to the available structural model from crystallographic studies. The computational efficiency of the modeling framework makes it possible to explore the roles of various structural elements (e.g., loops that connect transmembrane helices) and specific interactions in the gating transition. It is observed that removing either the Asp62-Arg131 salt bridge or the Phe68-Leu111 non-polar interaction leads to essentially non-conducting structures even with a membrane tension close to the lysis limit. The loop connecting TM2 (the second transmembrane helix) and TM3 is found to be essential for force transmission during gating, while the loop connecting TM1 and TM2 does not make any major contribution. Based on the different structural evolutions observed when the TM3 kink is treated as a loop or a helical segment, we propose that the helical propensity of the kink plays a central role in inactivation; i.e., under prolonged sub-threshold membrane tension, transition of the initially flexible loop to a helical segment in TM3 may lead to MscS inactivation. Finally, the gating transition of MscS under different transmembrane voltages is explored and found to be essentially voltage independent. Collectively, results from the current continuum mechanics analysis provide further insights into the gating transition of MscS at structural and physical levels, and specific predictions are proposed for further experimental investigations.
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12
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Martinac B, Bavi N, Ridone P, Nikolaev YA, Martinac AD, Nakayama Y, Rohde PR, Bavi O. Tuning ion channel mechanosensitivity by asymmetry of the transbilayer pressure profile. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1377-1384. [PMID: 30182202 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli acting on the cellular membrane are linked to intracellular signaling events and downstream effectors via different mechanoreceptors. Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are the fastest known primary mechano-electrical transducers, which convert mechanical stimuli into meaningful intracellular signals on a submillisecond time scale. Much of our understanding of the biophysical principles that underlie and regulate conversion of mechanical force into conformational changes in MS channels comes from studies based on MS channel reconstitution into lipid bilayers. The bilayer reconstitution methods have enabled researchers to investigate the structure-function relationship in MS channels and probe their specific interactions with their membrane lipid environment. This brief review focuses on close interactions between MS channels and the lipid bilayer and emphasizes the central role that the transbilayer pressure profile plays in mechanosensitivity and gating of these fascinating membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, 405 Liverpool St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Navid Bavi
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Pietro Ridone
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, 405 Liverpool St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Yury A Nikolaev
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8026, USA
| | - Adam D Martinac
- NeuRA, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker St, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Yoshitaka Nakayama
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Paul R Rohde
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Omid Bavi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, 7155713876, Iran
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13
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Maksaev G, Shoots JM, Ohri S, Haswell ES. Nonpolar residues in the presumptive pore-lining helix of mechanosensitive channel MSL10 influence channel behavior and establish a nonconducting function. PLANT DIRECT 2018; 2:e00059. [PMID: 30506019 PMCID: PMC6261518 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels provide a universal mechanism for sensing and responding to increased membrane tension. MscS-like (MSL) 10 is a relatively well-studied MS ion channel from Arabidopsis thaliana that is implicated in cell death signaling. The relationship between the amino acid sequence of MSL10 and its conductance, gating tension, and opening and closing kinetics remains unstudied. Here, we identify several nonpolar residues in the presumptive pore-lining transmembrane helix of MSL10 (TM6) that contribute to these basic channel properties. F553 and I554 are essential for wild type channel conductance and the stability of the open state. G556, a glycine residue located at a predicted kink in TM6, is essential for channel conductance. The increased tension sensitivity of MSL10 compared to close homolog MSL8 may be attributed to F563, but other channel characteristics appear to be dictated by more global differences in structure. Finally, MSL10 F553V and MSL10 G556V provided the necessary tools to establish that MSL10's ability to trigger cell death is independent of its ion channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory Maksaev
- Department of Biology and Center for Engineering MechanoBiologyWashington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMissouri
- Present address:
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability DiseasesWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO
| | - Jennette M. Shoots
- Department of Biology and Center for Engineering MechanoBiologyWashington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMissouri
| | - Simran Ohri
- Department of Biology and Center for Engineering MechanoBiologyWashington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMissouri
| | - Elizabeth S. Haswell
- Department of Biology and Center for Engineering MechanoBiologyWashington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMissouri
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14
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Soloperto A, Boccaccio A, Contestabile A, Moroni M, Hallinan GI, Palazzolo G, Chad J, Deinhardt K, Carugo D, Difato F. Mechano-sensitization of mammalian neuronal networks through expression of the bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs210393. [PMID: 29361543 PMCID: PMC5897719 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.210393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of remote stimulation techniques for neuronal tissues represents a challenging goal. Among the potential methods, mechanical stimuli are the most promising vectors to convey information non-invasively into intact brain tissue. In this context, selective mechano-sensitization of neuronal circuits would pave the way to develop a new cell-type-specific stimulation approach. We report here, for the first time, the development and characterization of mechano-sensitized neuronal networks through the heterologous expression of an engineered bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel (MscL). The neuronal functional expression of the MscL was validated through patch-clamp recordings upon application of calibrated suction pressures. Moreover, we verified the effective development of in-vitro neuronal networks expressing the engineered MscL in terms of cell survival, number of synaptic puncta and spontaneous network activity. The pure mechanosensitivity of the engineered MscL, with its wide genetic modification library, may represent a versatile tool to further develop a mechano-genetic approach.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Soloperto
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Boccaccio
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Contestabile
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Moroni
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Grace I Hallinan
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Gemma Palazzolo
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - John Chad
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Katrin Deinhardt
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Francesco Difato
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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15
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Sachs F. Mechanical Transduction and the Dark Energy of Biology. Biophys J 2018; 114:3-9. [PMID: 29320693 PMCID: PMC5984904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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16
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Abstract
Patch-clamp electrophysiology is the standard technique used for the high-resolution functional measurements on ion channels. While studies using patch clamp are commonly carried out following ion channel expression in a heterologous system such as Xenopus oocytes or tissue culture cells, these studies can also be carried out using ion channels reconstituted into lipid vesicles. In this chapter, we describe the methodology for reconstituting ion channels into liposomes and the procedure for the generation of unilamellar blisters from these liposomes that are suitable for patch clamp. Here, we focus on the bacterial K+ channel KcsA, although the methodologies described in this chapter should be applicable for the functional analysis of other ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Matulef
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L334, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Francis I Valiyaveetil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L334, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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17
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Syeda R, Florendo MN, Cox CD, Kefauver JM, Santos JS, Martinac B, Patapoutian A. Piezo1 Channels Are Inherently Mechanosensitive. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1739-1746. [PMID: 27829145 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of mechanical force to chemical signals is critical for many biological processes, including the senses of touch, pain, and hearing. Mechanosensitive ion channels play a key role in sensing the mechanical stimuli experienced by various cell types and are present in organisms from bacteria to mammals. Bacterial mechanosensitive channels are characterized thoroughly, but less is known about their counterparts in vertebrates. Piezos have been recently established as ion channels required for mechanotransduction in disparate cell types in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Piezos in heterologous cells gives rise to large mechanically activated currents; however, it is unclear whether Piezos are inherently mechanosensitive or rely on alternate cellular components to sense mechanical stimuli. Here, we show that mechanical perturbations of the lipid bilayer alone are sufficient to activate Piezo channels, illustrating their innate ability as molecular force transducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhma Syeda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Maria N Florendo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Kefauver
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jose S Santos
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ardem Patapoutian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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18
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Maneshi MM, Maki B, Gnanasambandam R, Belin S, Popescu GK, Sachs F, Hua SZ. Mechanical stress activates NMDA receptors in the absence of agonists. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39610. [PMID: 28045032 PMCID: PMC5206744 DOI: 10.1038/srep39610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While studying the physiological response of primary rat astrocytes to fluid shear stress in a model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), we found that shear stress induced Ca2+ entry. The influx was inhibited by MK-801, a specific pore blocker of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) channels, and this occurred in the absence of agonists. Other NMDA open channel blockers ketamine and memantine showed a similar effect. The competitive glutamate antagonists AP5 and GluN2B-selective inhibitor ifenprodil reduced NMDA-activated currents, but had no effect on the mechanically induced Ca2+ influx. Extracellular Mg2+ at 2 mM did not significantly affect the shear induced Ca2+ influx, but at 10 mM it produced significant inhibition. Patch clamp experiments showed mechanical activation of NMDAR and inhibition by MK-801. The mechanical sensitivity of NMDARs may play a role in the normal physiology of fluid flow in the glymphatic system and it has obvious relevance to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Maneshi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Bruce Maki
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | | | - Sophie Belin
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Gabriela K. Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Frederick Sachs
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | - Susan Z. Hua
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
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19
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20
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Buetti-Dinh A, Dethlefsen O, Friedman R, Dopson M. Transcriptomic analysis reveals how a lack of potassium ions increases Sulfolobus acidocaldarius sensitivity to pH changes. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2016; 162:1422-1434. [PMID: 27230583 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extremely acidophilic microorganisms (optimum growth pH of ≤3) maintain a near neutral cytoplasmic pH via several homeostatic mechanisms, including an inside positive membrane potential created by potassium ions. Transcriptomic responses to pH stress in the thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus acidocaldarius were investigated by growing cells without added sodium and/or potassium ions at both optimal and sub-optimal pH. Culturing the cells in the absence of added sodium or potassium ions resulted in a reduced growth rate compared to full-salt conditions as well as 43 and 75 significantly different RNA transcript ratios, respectively. Differentially expressed RNA transcripts during growth in the absence of added sodium ions included genes coding for permeases, a sodium/proline transporter and electron transport proteins. In contrast, culturing without added potassium ions resulted in higher RNA transcripts for similar genes as a lack of sodium ions plus genes related to spermidine that has a general role in response to stress and a decarboxylase that potentially consumes protons. The greatest RNA transcript response occurred when S. acidocaldarius cells were grown in the absence of potassium and/or sodium at a sub-optimal pH. These adaptations included those listed above plus osmoregulated glucans and mechanosensitive channels that have previously been shown to respond to osmotic stress. In addition, data analyses revealed two co-expressed IclR family transcriptional regulator genes with a previously unknown role in the S. acidocaldarius pH stress response. Our study provides additional evidence towards the importance of potassium in acidophile growth at acidic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Buetti-Dinh
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.,Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Olga Dethlefsen
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ran Friedman
- Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mark Dopson
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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21
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Sachs F. Mechanical transduction by ion channels: A cautionary tale. World J Neurol 2015; 5:74-87. [PMID: 28078202 PMCID: PMC5221657 DOI: 10.5316/wjn.v5.i3.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical transduction by ion channels occurs in all cells. The physiological functions of these channels have just begun to be elaborated, but if we focus on the upper animal kingdom, these channels serve the common sensory services such as hearing and touch, provide the central nervous system with information on the force and position of muscles and joints, and they provide the autonomic system with information about the filling of hollow organs such as blood vessels. However, all cells of the body have mechanosensitive channels (MSCs), including red cells. Most of these channels are cation selective and are activated by bilayer tension. There are also K+ selective MSCs found commonly in neurons where they may be responsible for both general anesthesia and knockout punches in the boxing ring by hyperpolarizing neurons to reduce excitability. The cationic MSCs are typically inactive under normal mechanical stress, but open under pathologic stress. The channels are normally inactive because they are shielded from stress by the cytoskeleton. The cationic MSCs are specifically blocked by the externally applied peptide GsMtx4 (aka, AT-300). This is the first drug of its class and provides a new approach to many pathologies since it is nontoxic, non-immunogenic, stable in a biological environment and has a long pharmacokinetic lifetime. Pathologies involving excessive stress are common. They produce cardiac arrhythmias, contraction in stretched dystrophic muscle, xerocytotic and sickled red cells, etc. The channels seem to function primarily as “fire alarms”, providing feedback to the cytoskeleton that a region of the bilayer is under excessive tension and needs reinforcing. The eukaryotic forms of MSCs have only been cloned in recent years and few people have experience working with them. “Newbies” need to become aware of the technology, potential artifacts, and the fundamentals of mechanics. The most difficult problem in studying MSCs is that the actual stimulus, the force applied to the channel, is not known. We don’t have direct access to the channels themselves but only to larger regions of the membrane as seen in patches. Cortical forces are shared by the bilayer, the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. How much of an applied stimulus reaches the channel is unknown. Furthermore, many of these channels exist in spatial domains where the forces within a domain are different from forces outside the domain, although we often hope they are proportional. This review is intended to be a guide for new investigators who want to study mechanosensitive ion channels.
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22
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Abstract
Many papers have used fluorescent probe diffusion to infer membrane viscosity but the measurement is actually an assay of the free volume of the membrane. The free volume is also related to the membrane tension. Thus, changes in probe mobility refer equally well to changes in membrane tension. In complicated structures like cell membranes, it appears more intuitive to consider variations in free volume as referring to the effect of domains structures and interactions with the cytoskeleton than changes in viscosity since tension is a state variable and viscosity is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Markin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Sachs
- Physiology & Biophysical Sciences, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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23
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Modulating bilayer mechanical properties to promote the coupled folding and insertion of an integral membrane protein. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2015; 44:503-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-015-1032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Battle AR, Ridone P, Bavi N, Nakayama Y, Nikolaev YA, Martinac B. Lipid-protein interactions: Lessons learned from stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:1744-56. [PMID: 25922225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes are essential for normal function and regulation of cells, forming a physical barrier between extracellular and intracellular space and cellular compartments. These physical barriers are subject to mechanical stresses. As a consequence, nature has developed proteins that are able to transpose mechanical stimuli into meaningful intracellular signals. These proteins, termed Mechanosensitive (MS) proteins provide a variety of roles in response to these stimuli. In prokaryotes these proteins form transmembrane spanning channels that function as osmotically activated nanovalves to prevent cell lysis by hypoosmotic shock. In eukaryotes, the function of MS proteins is more diverse and includes physiological processes such as touch, pain and hearing. The transmembrane portion of these channels is influenced by the physical properties such as charge, shape, thickness and stiffness of the lipid bilayer surrounding it, as well as the bilayer pressure profile. In this review we provide an overview of the progress to date on advances in our understanding of the intimate biophysical and chemical interactions between the lipid bilayer and mechanosensitive membrane channels, focusing on current progress in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. These advances are of importance due to the increasing evidence of the role the MS channels play in disease, such as xerocytosis, muscular dystrophy and cardiac hypertrophy. Moreover, insights gained from lipid-protein interactions of MS channels are likely relevant not only to this class of membrane proteins, but other bilayer embedded proteins as well. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Battle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Pharmacy, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - P Ridone
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - N Bavi
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Y Nakayama
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Y A Nikolaev
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - B Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
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25
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Sachs F, Sivaselvan MV. Cell volume control in three dimensions: Water movement without solute movement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 145:373-80. [PMID: 25870207 PMCID: PMC4411252 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201411297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Sachs
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Mettupalayam V Sivaselvan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
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26
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Ridone P, Nakayama Y, Martinac B, Battle AR. Patch clamp characterization of the effect of cardiolipin on MscS of E. coli. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2015; 44:567-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-015-1020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Hamilton ES, Schlegel AM, Haswell ES. United in diversity: mechanosensitive ion channels in plants. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 66:113-37. [PMID: 25494462 PMCID: PMC4470482 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043014-114700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels are a common mechanism for perceiving and responding to mechanical force. This class of mechanoreceptors is capable of transducing membrane tension directly into ion flux. In plant systems, MS ion channels have been proposed to play a wide array of roles, from the perception of touch and gravity to the osmotic homeostasis of intracellular organelles. Three families of plant MS ion channels have been identified: the MscS-like (MSL), Mid1-complementing activity (MCA), and two-pore potassium (TPK) families. Channels from these families vary widely in structure and function, localize to multiple cellular compartments, and conduct chloride, calcium, and/or potassium ions. However, they are still likely to represent only a fraction of the MS ion channel diversity in plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Hamilton
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Angela M. Schlegel
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Elizabeth S. Haswell
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130
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28
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Hilder TA, Ridone P, Nakayama Y, Martinac B, Chung SH. Binding of fullerenes and nanotubes to MscL. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5609. [PMID: 25030051 PMCID: PMC4101527 DOI: 10.1038/srep05609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance is becoming an increasing problem in the treatment of bacterial infections and diseases. The mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) is highly conserved among prokaryotes. Evidence suggests that a pharmacological agent that can affect the gating of, or block the current through, MscL has significant potential as a new class of antimicrobial compound capable of targeting a range of pathogenic bacteria with minimal side-effects to infected patients. Using molecular dynamics we examine the binding of fullerenes and nanotubes to MscL and demonstrate that both are stable within the MscL pore. We predict that fullerenes will attenuate the flow of ions through MscL by reducing the pore volume available to water and ions, but nanotubes will prevent pore closure resulting in a permanently open pore. Moreover, we confirm experimentally that it is possible to attenuate the flow of ions through MscL using a C60-γ cyclodextrin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn A. Hilder
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Pietro Ridone
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yoshitaka Nakayama
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Victoria St, St Vincent's Hospital Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shin-Ho Chung
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT 0200, Australia
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29
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Veley KM, Maksaev G, Frick EM, January E, Kloepper SC, Haswell ES. Arabidopsis MSL10 has a regulated cell death signaling activity that is separable from its mechanosensitive ion channel activity. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:3115-31. [PMID: 25052715 PMCID: PMC4145136 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.128082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Members of the MscS superfamily of mechanosensitive ion channels function as osmotic safety valves, releasing osmolytes under increased membrane tension. MscS homologs exhibit diverse topology and domain structure, and it has been proposed that the more complex members of the family might have novel regulatory mechanisms or molecular functions. Here, we present a study of MscS-Like (MSL)10 from Arabidopsis thaliana that supports these ideas. High-level expression of MSL10-GFP in Arabidopsis induced small stature, hydrogen peroxide accumulation, ectopic cell death, and reactive oxygen species- and cell death-associated gene expression. Phosphomimetic mutations in the MSL10 N-terminal domain prevented these phenotypes. The phosphorylation state of MSL10 also regulated its ability to induce cell death when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves but did not affect subcellular localization, assembly, or channel behavior. Finally, the N-terminal domain of MSL10 was sufficient to induce cell death in tobacco, independent of phosphorylation state. We conclude that the plant-specific N-terminal domain of MSL10 is capable of inducing cell death, this activity is regulated by phosphorylation, and MSL10 has two separable activities-one as an ion channel and one as an inducer of cell death. These findings further our understanding of the evolution and significance of mechanosensitive ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira M Veley
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Grigory Maksaev
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Elizabeth M Frick
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Emma January
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Sarah C Kloepper
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
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