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Li D, Jing J, Dong X, Zhang C, Wang J, Wan X. Activating transcription factor 3: A potential therapeutic target for inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1028. [PMID: 37773692 PMCID: PMC10515505 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a nuclear protein that is widely expressed in a variety of cells. It is a stress-inducible transcription gene and a member of the activating transcription factor/cAMP responsive element-binding protein (ATF/CREB) family. METHODS The comprehensive literature review was conducted by searching PubMed and Google Scholar. Search terms used were "ATF3", "ATF3 and (ALI or ARDS)", "ATF3 and COPD", "ATF3 and PF", and "ATF3 and Posttranslational modifications". RESULTS Recent studies have shown that ATF3 plays a critical role in many inflammatory pulmonary diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis (PF). ATF3 participates in many signaling pathways and complex pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation, immunity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cell proliferation. However, the role of ATF3 in current studies is controversial, and there are reports showing that ATF3 plays different roles in different pulmonary diseases. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we first summarized the structure, function, and mechanism of ATF3 in various inflammatory pulmonary diseases. The impact of ATF3 on disease pathogenesis and the clinical implications was particularly focused on, with an overall aim to identify new targets for treating inflammatory pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Juanjuan Jing
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xianyao Wan
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Niethamer TK, Levin LI, Morley MP, Babu A, Zhou S, Morrisey EE. Atf3 defines a population of pulmonary endothelial cells essential for lung regeneration. eLife 2023; 12:e83835. [PMID: 37233732 PMCID: PMC10219650 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Following acute injury, the capillary vascular bed in the lung must be repaired to reestablish gas exchange with the external environment. Little is known about the transcriptional and signaling factors that drive pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and subsequent regeneration of pulmonary capillaries, as well as their response to stress. Here, we show that the transcription factor Atf3 is essential for the regenerative response of the mouse pulmonary endothelium after influenza infection. Atf3 expression defines a subpopulation of capillary ECs enriched in genes involved in endothelial development, differentiation, and migration. During lung alveolar regeneration, this EC population expands and increases the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, blood vessel development, and cellular response to stress. Importantly, endothelial cell-specific loss of Atf3 results in defective alveolar regeneration, in part through increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation in the endothelium. This leads to the general loss of alveolar endothelium and persistent morphological changes to the alveolar niche, including an emphysema-like phenotype with enlarged alveolar airspaces lined with regions that lack vascular investment. Taken together, these data implicate Atf3 as an essential component of the vascular response to acute lung injury that is required for successful lung alveolar regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terren K Niethamer
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Lillian I Levin
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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3
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Ponzetti M, Rucci N, Falone S. RNA methylation and cellular response to oxidative stress-promoting anticancer agents. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:870-905. [PMID: 36648057 PMCID: PMC10054233 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2165632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the complex network that regulates redox homeostasis often underlies resistant phenotypes, which hinder effective and long-lasting cancer eradication. In addition, the RNA methylome-dependent control of gene expression also critically affects traits of cellular resistance to anti-cancer agents. However, few investigations aimed at establishing whether the epitranscriptome-directed adaptations underlying acquired and/or innate resistance traits in cancer could be implemented through the involvement of redox-dependent or -responsive signaling pathways. This is unexpected mainly because: i) the effectiveness of many anti-cancer approaches relies on their capacity to promote oxidative stress (OS); ii) altered redox milieu and reprogramming of mitochondrial function have been acknowledged as critical mediators of the RNA methylome-mediated response to OS. Here we summarize the current state of understanding on this topic, as well as we offer new perspectives that might lead to original approaches and strategies to delay or prevent the problem of refractory cancer and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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Godbole NM, Chowdhury AA, Chataut N, Awasthi S. Tight Junctions, the Epithelial Barrier, and Toll-like Receptor-4 During Lung Injury. Inflammation 2022; 45:2142-2162. [PMID: 35779195 PMCID: PMC9649847 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung epithelium is constantly exposed to the environment and is critically important for the orchestration of initial responses to infectious organisms, toxins, and allergic stimuli, and maintenance of normal gaseous exchange and pulmonary function. The integrity of lung epithelium, fluid balance, and transport of molecules is dictated by the tight junctions (TJs). The TJs are formed between adjacent cells. We have focused on the topic of the TJ structure and function in lung epithelial cells. This review includes a summary of the last twenty years of literature reports published on the disrupted TJs and epithelial barrier in various lung conditions and expression and regulation of specific TJ proteins against pathogenic stimuli. We discuss the molecular signaling and crosstalk among signaling pathways that control the TJ structure and function. The Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) recognizes the pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns released during lung injury and inflammation and coordinates cellular responses. The molecular aspects of TLR4 signaling in the context of TJs or the epithelial barrier are not fully known. We describe the current knowledge and possible networking of the TLR4-signaling with cellular and molecular mechanisms of TJs, lung epithelial barrier function, and resistance to treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket M Godbole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Asif Alam Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Neha Chataut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Shanjana Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA.
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5
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Ali M, LaCanna R, Lian Z, Huang J, Tan Y, Shao W, Yu X, Tian Y. Transcriptional responses to injury of regenerative lung alveolar epithelium. iScience 2022; 25:104843. [PMID: 35996586 PMCID: PMC9391595 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cell proliferation for lung alveolar epithelial homeostasis and regeneration after injury has been widely accepted. However, the heterogeneity of AT2 cell population for cell proliferation capacity remains disputed. By single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic lineage labeling using the Ki67 knock-in mouse model, we map all proliferative AT2 cells in homeostatic and regenerating murine lungs after injury induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. The proliferative AT2 cell population displays a unique transcriptional program, which is regulated by activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and thyroid hormone receptor alpha (THRA) transcription factors. Overexpression of these two transcription factors in AT2 cells promoted AT2 cell proliferation and improved lung function after injury. These results indicate that increased expression of ATF3 and THRA at the onset of lung epithelial regeneration is required to permit rapid AT2 cell proliferation and hence progression through the recovery of lung epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Ali
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ryan LaCanna
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Zhaorui Lian
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Yinfei Tan
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Wenna Shao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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6
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Keskinidou C, Vassiliou AG, Dimopoulou I, Kotanidou A, Orfanos SE. Mechanistic Understanding of Lung Inflammation: Recent Advances and Emerging Techniques. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:3501-3546. [PMID: 35734098 PMCID: PMC9207257 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s282695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening lung injury characterized by an acute inflammatory response in the lung parenchyma. Hence, it is considered as the most appropriate clinical syndrome to study pathogenic mechanisms of lung inflammation. ARDS is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU), while no effective pharmacological treatment exists. It is very important therefore to fully characterize the underlying pathobiology and the related mechanisms, in order to develop novel therapeutic approaches. In vivo and in vitro models are important pre-clinical tools in biological and medical research in the mechanistic and pathological understanding of the majority of diseases. In this review, we will present data from selected experimental models of lung injury/acute lung inflammation, which have been based on clinical disorders that can lead to the development of ARDS and related inflammatory lung processes in humans, including ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI), sepsis, ischemia/reperfusion, smoke, acid aspiration, radiation, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), influenza, Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae and coronaviruses infection. Data from the corresponding clinical conditions will also be presented. The mechanisms related to lung inflammation that will be covered are oxidative stress, neutrophil extracellular traps, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, surfactant, and water and ion channels. Finally, we will present a brief overview of emerging techniques in the field of omics research that have been applied to ARDS research, encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, which may recognize factors to help stratify ICU patients at risk, predict their prognosis, and possibly, serve as more specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysi Keskinidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alice G Vassiliou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stylianos E Orfanos
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Evangelismos" Hospital, Athens, Greece
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7
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Wang X, Zeng C, Lai Y, Su B, Chen F, Zhong J, Chu H, Bing D. NRF2/HO-1 pathway activation by ATF3 in a noise-induced hearing loss murine model. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 721:109190. [PMID: 35331713 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive oxidative stress of the inner ear as a result of high, intense noise exposure is regarded as a major mechanism underlying the development of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The present study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of activated transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in reduction/oxidation homeostasis of NIHL. METHOD In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the functional role of ATF3 in the inner ear. Mice hearing was measured using auditory brainstem response. ATF3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was transfected into House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells to decrease ATF3 expression. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to quantify ATF3, NRF2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression. Glutathione (GSH) assay was performed to detect intracellular GSH levels. ATF3 immunofluorescence analysis was carried out in cochlear cryosectioned samples and HEI-OC1 cells to localize ATF3 expression. Cell counting kit 8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to analyze cell viability. RESULT ATF3 was upregulated in noise-exposed cochleae and HEI-OC1 cells treated with H2O2. NRF2 is a key factor regulated by ATF3. NRF2, HO-1, NQO1, and GSH expression was significantly downregulated in shATF3 HEI-OC1 cells. ATF3 silencing promoted reactive oxygen species accumulation and increased apoptosis and necrosis with H2O2 stimulus. CONCLUSION ATF3 functions as an antioxidative factor by activating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenghui Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanbing Lai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Biology, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinhao Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanqi Chu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dan Bing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China.
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von Knethen A, Heinicke U, Laux V, Parnham MJ, Steinbicker AU, Zacharowski K. Antioxidants as Therapeutic Agents in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Treatment-From Mice to Men. Biomedicines 2022; 10:98. [PMID: 35052778 PMCID: PMC8773193 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of patient mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. Considering that no causative treatment but only symptomatic care is available, it is obvious that there is a high unmet medical need for a new therapeutic concept. One reason for a missing etiologic therapy strategy is the multifactorial origin of ARDS, which leads to a large heterogeneity of patients. This review summarizes the various kinds of ARDS onset with a special focus on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generally linked to ARDS development and progression. Taking a closer look at the data which already have been established in mouse models, this review finally proposes the translation of these results on successful antioxidant use in a personalized approach to the ICU patient as a potential adjuvant to standard ARDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas von Knethen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Heinicke
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Laux
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrea U Steinbicker
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Oliveira TS, Santos AT, Andrade CBV, Silva JD, Blanco N, Rocha NDN, Woyames J, Silva PL, Rocco PRM, da-Silva WS, Ortiga-Carvalho TM, Bloise FF. Sepsis Disrupts Mitochondrial Function and Diaphragm Morphology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:704044. [PMID: 34557108 PMCID: PMC8452856 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.704044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration, and its dysfunction is frequent during sepsis. However, the mechanisms associated with sepsis and diaphragm dysfunction are not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the morphophysiological changes of the mitochondrial diaphragm 5 days after sepsis induction. Methods Male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into two groups, namely, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP, n = 26) and sham-operated (n = 19). Mice received antibiotic treatment 8 h after surgery and then every 24 h until 5 days after surgery when mice were euthanized and the diaphragms were collected. Also, diaphragm function was evaluated in vivo by ultrasound 120 h after CLP. The tissue fiber profile was evaluated by the expression of myosin heavy chain and SERCA gene by qPCR and myosin protein by using Western blot. The Myod1 and Myog expressions were evaluated by using qPCR. Diaphragm ultrastructure was assessed by electron microscopy, and mitochondrial physiology was investigated by high-resolution respirometry, Western blot, and qPCR. Results Cecal ligation and puncture mice developed moderated sepsis, with a 74% survivor rate at 120 h. The diaphragm mass did not change in CLP mice compared with control, but we observed sarcomeric disorganization and increased muscle thickness (38%) during inspiration and expiration (21%). Septic diaphragm showed a reduction in fiber myosin type I and IIb mRNA expression by 50% but an increase in MyHC I and IIb protein levels compared with the sham mice. Total and healthy mitochondria were reduced by 30% in septic mice, which may be associated with a 50% decrease in Ppargc1a (encoding PGC1a) and Opa1 (mitochondria fusion marker) expressions in the septic diaphragm. The small and non-functional OPA1 isoform also increased 70% in the septic diaphragm. These data suggest an imbalance in mitochondrial function. In fact, we observed downregulation of all respiratory chain complexes mRNA expression, decreased complex III and IV protein levels, and reduced oxygen consumption associated with ADP phosphorylation (36%) in CLP mice. Additionally, the septic diaphragm increased proton leak and downregulated Sod2 by 70%. Conclusion The current model of sepsis induced diaphragm morphological changes, increased mitochondrial damage, and induced functional impairment. Thus, diaphragm damage during sepsis seems to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Siqueira Oliveira
- Laboratory of Translational Endocrinology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anderson Teixeira Santos
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cherley Borba Vieira Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Endocrinology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Blanco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nazareth de Novaes Rocha
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Juliana Woyames
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner Seixas da-Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tânia Maria Ortiga-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Translational Endocrinology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Fonseca Bloise
- Laboratory of Translational Endocrinology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Chen X, Mu P, Zhu L, Mao X, Chen S, Zhong H, Deng Y. T-2 Toxin Induces Oxidative Stress at Low Doses via Atf3ΔZip2a/2b-Mediated Ubiquitination and Degradation of Nrf2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157936. [PMID: 34360702 PMCID: PMC8348355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin is mainly produced by Fusarium species, which is an extremely toxic mycotoxin to humans and animals. It is well known that T-2 toxin induces oxidative stress, but the molecular mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we found that T-2 toxin significantly promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in MCF-7 cells at low doses which maintains cell viability at least 80%. Further analysis showed that T-2 toxin downregulated the expression of the master regulator of antioxidant defense gene, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), and its targeted antioxidant genes. Overexpression of Nrf2 or its target gene heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) significantly blocked the ROS accumulation in MCF-7 cells under T-2 toxin treatment. Moreover, we found that T-2 toxin downregulated the antioxidant genes via inducing the expression of ATF3ΔZip2a/2b. Importantly, overexpression of ATF3ΔZip2a/2b promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2. Altogether, our results demonstrated that T-2 toxin-induced ROS accumulation via ATF3ΔZip2a/2b mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2, which provided a new insight into the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peiqiang Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huali Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiqun Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (P.M.); (L.Z.); (X.M.); (S.C.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-38294890; Fax: +86-20-38604987
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Jia CM, Zhang FW, Wang SJ, Wang W, Li Y. Tea Polyphenols Prevent Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury via Promoting Translocation of DJ-1 to Mitochondria. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:622507. [PMID: 33981700 PMCID: PMC8107366 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.622507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is the systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, which commonly targets on the lung. Tea polyphenols (TP) have many pharmacological activities, but their role in sepsis induced lung injury remains unclear. Results Injection of TP after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation elevated the survival rate in a concentration dependent manner. TP treatment improved alveoli structure injury under CLP operation. CLP surgery increased the expression of inflammatory factors IL1β, IL6, and TNFα expression, which was reversed by TP injection. In addition, CLP operation promoted apoptosis and senescence in tissues and cells during lung injury, while TP administration removed the damaged role of CLP on lung tissues and cells. Furthermore, CLP operation or LPS (lipopolysaccharide) treatment induced dysfunction of mitochondria in lung tissues and cells, but TP contributed to recover mitochondria function, which exhibited as inhibition of ROS production inhibition and increase of ATP content and Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Interestingly, DJ-1 was inhibited by CLP operation but promoted by TP treatment. Overexpression of DJ-1 reversed the injury of LPS on L2 cells and recovered mitochondria normal function. And silencing of DJ-1 in rats or alveolar epithelial cells blocked the protection effect of TP. Conclusion Our research revealed that TP protected against lung injury via upregulating of DJ-1 to improve mitochondria function, which contributed to the prevention and treatment of sepsis induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Jia
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Wei Zhang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Juan Wang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Emergency Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression in a Murine Model of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:5535890. [PMID: 33927789 PMCID: PMC8049808 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5535890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Mechanical ventilation could lead to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but its underlying pathogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the genes which were highly correlated with VILI as well as their expressions and interactions by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the VILI samples and controls. Methods GSE11434 was downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, and DEGs were identified with GEO2R. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using DAVID. Next, we used the STRING tool to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs. Then, the hub genes and related modules were identified with the Cytoscape plugins: cytoHubba and MCODE. qRT-PCR was further used to validate the results in the GSE11434 dataset. We also applied gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to discern the gene sets that had a significant difference between the VILI group and the control. Hub genes were also subjected to analyses by CyTargetLinker and NetworkAnalyst to predict associated miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs). Besides, we used CIBERSORT to detect the contributions of different types of immune cells in lung tissues of mice in the VILI group. By using DrugBank, small molecular compounds that could potentially interact with hub genes were identified. Results A total of 141 DEGs between the VILI group and the control were identified in GSE11434. Then, seven hub genes were identified and were validated by using qRT-PCR. Those seven hub genes were largely enriched in TLR and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. GSEA showed that VILI-associated genes were also enriched in NOD, antigen presentation, and chemokine pathways. We predicted the miRNAs and TFs associated with hub genes and constructed miRNA-TF-gene regulatory network. An analysis with CIBERSORT showed that the proportion of M0 macrophages and activated mast cells was higher in the VILI group than in the control. Small molecules, like nadroparin and siltuximab, could act as potential drugs for VILI. Conclusion In sum, a number of hub genes associated with VILI were identified and could provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of VILI and potential targets for its treatment.
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13
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Mining the key genes for ventilator-induced lung injury using co-expression network analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228048. [PMID: 33687057 PMCID: PMC7969703 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is extensively adopted in general anesthesia and respiratory failure management, but it can also induce ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Therefore, it is of great urgency to explore the mechanisms involved in the VILI pathogenesis, which might contribute to its future prevention and treatment. Four microarray datasets from the GEO database were selected in our investigation, and were subjected to the Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify the VILI-correlated gene modules. The limma package in R software was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the VILI and control groups. WGCNA was constructed by merging the GSE9314, GSE9368, GSE11434 and GSE11662 datasets. A total of 49 co-expression network modules were determined as associated with VILI. The intersected genes between hub genes screened from DEGs for VILI and those identified using WGCNA were as follows: Tlr2, Hmox1, Serpine1, Mmp9, Il6, Il1b, Ptgs2, Fos and Atf3, which were determined to be key genes for VILI. Those key genes were validated by GSE86229 and quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiment to have significantly statistical difference in their expression between the VILI and control groups. In a nutshell, nine key genes with expression differences in VILI were screened by WGCNA by integrating multiple datasets.
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14
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Amatullah H, Maron-Gutierrez T, Shan Y, Gupta S, Tsoporis JN, Varkouhi AK, Teixeira Monteiro AP, He X, Yin J, Marshall JC, Rocco PRM, Zhang H, Kuebler WM, Dos Santos CC. Protective function of DJ-1/PARK7 in lipopolysaccharide and ventilator-induced acute lung injury. Redox Biol 2021; 38:101796. [PMID: 33246293 PMCID: PMC7695876 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered one of the early underlying contributors of acute lung injury (ALI) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). DJ-1, also known as PARK7, has a well-established role as an antioxidant. We have previously shown maintaining oxidative balance via the ATF3-Nrf2 axis was important in protection from ALI. Here, we exclusively characterize the role of DJ-1 in sterile LPS-induced ALI and VILI. DJ-1 protein expression was increased after LPS treatment in human epithelial and endothelial cell lines and lungs of wild-type mice. DJ-1 deficient mice exhibited greater susceptibility to LPS-induced acute lung injury as demonstrated by increased cellular infiltration, augmented levels of pulmonary cytokines, enhanced ROS levels and oxidized by-products, increased pulmonary edema and cell death. In a two-hit model of LPS and mechanical ventilation (MV), DJ-1 deficient mice displayed enhanced susceptibility to inflammation and lung injury. Collectively, these results identify DJ-1 as a negative regulator of ROS and inflammation, and suggest its expression protects from sterile lung injury driven by high oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajera Amatullah
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yuexin Shan
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sahil Gupta
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James N Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amir K Varkouhi
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Xiaolin He
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - John C Marshall
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Keenan Research Center of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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15
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NRF2, a Transcription Factor for Stress Response and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134777. [PMID: 32640524 PMCID: PMC7369905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 735] [Impact Index Per Article: 183.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. NRF2 activation renders cells resistant to chemical carcinogens and inflammatory challenges. In addition to antioxidant responses, NRF2 is involved in many other cellular processes, including metabolism and inflammation, and its functions are beyond the originally envisioned. NRF2 activity is tightly regulated through a complex transcriptional and post-translational network that enables it to orchestrate the cell’s response and adaptation to various pathological stressors for the homeostasis maintenance. Elevated or decreased NRF2 activity by pharmacological and genetic manipulations of NRF2 activation is associated with many metabolism- or inflammation-related diseases. Emerging evidence shows that NRF2 lies at the center of a complex regulatory network and establishes NRF2 as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. Here we summarize the complex regulatory network of NRF2 activity and its roles in metabolic reprogramming, unfolded protein response, proteostasis, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and immunity.
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16
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Younes N, Zhou L, Amatullah H, Mei SHJ, Herrero R, Lorente JA, Stewart DJ, Marsden P, Liles WC, Hu P, Dos Santos CC. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells modulate response to experimental sepsis-induced lung injury via regulation of miR-27a-5p in recipient mice. Thorax 2020; 75:556-567. [PMID: 32546573 PMCID: PMC7361025 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy mitigates lung injury and improves survival in murine models of sepsis. Precise mechanisms of therapeutic benefit remain poorly understood. Objectives To identify host-derived regulatory elements that may contribute to the therapeutic effects of MSCs, we profiled the microRNAome (miRNAome) and transcriptome of lungs from mice randomised to experimental polymicrobial sepsis-induced lung injury treated with either placebo or MSCs. Methods and results A total of 11 997 genes and 357 microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in lungs were used to generate a statistical estimate of association between miRNAs and their putative mRNA targets; 1395 miRNA:mRNA significant association pairs were found to be differentially expressed (false discovery rate ≤0.05). MSC administration resulted in the downregulation of miR-27a-5p and upregulation of its putative target gene VAV3 (adjusted p=1.272E-161) in septic lungs. In human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, miR-27a-5p expression levels were increased while VAV3 was decreased following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) stimulation. Transfection of miR-27a-5p mimic or inhibitor resulted in increased or decreased VAV3 message, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated specific binding of miR-27a-5p to the 3′UTR of VAV3. miR27a-5p inhibition mitigated TNF-induced (1) delayed wound closure, increased (2) adhesion and (3) transendothelial migration but did not alter permeability. In vivo, cell infiltration was attenuated by intratracheal coinstillation of the miR-27a-5p inhibitor, but this did not protect against endotoxin-induced oedema formation. Conclusions Our data support involvement of miR-27a-5p and VAV3 in cellular adhesion and infiltration during acute lung injury and a potential role for miR-27a-based therapeutics for acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Younes
- Critical Care Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Zhou
- Critical Care Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hajera Amatullah
- Critical Care Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raquel Herrero
- Critical Care Service, Hospital Universitario de Getafe-CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Getafe, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Lorente
- Critical Care Service, Hospital Universitario de Getafe-CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Getafe, Spain
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip Marsden
- Critical Care Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Critical Care Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tian F, Zhao J, Bu S, Teng H, Yang J, Zhang X, Li X, Dong L. KLF6 Induces Apoptosis in Human Lens Epithelial Cells Through the ATF4-ATF3-CHOP Axis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:1041-1055. [PMID: 32210535 PMCID: PMC7069589 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s218467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Many studies have confirmed that high myopia is related to the high prevalence of cataracts, which results from apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) due to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) is a tumor suppressor that is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Purpose In this study, our purpose was to find the relationship between KLF6-induced apoptosis in LECs and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4)-ATF3 (activating transcription factor 3)-CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein) signaling pathway. Methods KLF6, ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP were ectopically expressed using cDNAs subcloned into the pCDNA3.1+ vector. ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP knockdown were performed by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Expression of relative gene was tested using QT-PCR and western-blot. Then, accompanied by UVB stimulation, cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay; The cell damage was examined by live & dead staining; The apoptotic markers Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by immunoblotting; Quantitative apoptotic levels were measured with the Apoptosis Detection Kit; The expression level of reactive oxygen-free radical (ROS) was analyzed by DCFH-DA` probe. Results Ectopically expressed ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP-induced apoptosis in cells, whereas ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked KLF6-induced apoptosis. In addition, we determined that ATF4 regulates ATF3 and CHOP expression and that ATF3 silencing reduces CHOP upregulation without changing ATF4 levels; however, ATF4 and ATF3 expression was unaffected by blockade of CHOP, suggesting that KLF6 triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress in LECs by mediating the ATF4-ATF3/CHOP axis. Besides, KLF6 overexpression significantly induced LEC apoptosis under UV radiation, as demonstrated by the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Conclusion The ATF4-ATF3-CHOP pathway plays an important role in KLF6-induced apoptosis in HLECs. Our results increase our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate LEC apoptosis and contribute to the development of a new preventative strategy for cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhi Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaochong Bu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - He Teng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Carlson J, Price L, Deng H. Nrf2 and the Nrf2-Interacting Network in Respiratory Inflammation and Diseases. NRF2 AND ITS MODULATION IN INFLAMMATION 2020. [PMCID: PMC7241096 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-44599-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollutants and cigarette smoke influence the human respiratory system and induce airway inflammation, injury, and pathogenesis. Activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor and downstream antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated transcriptions play a central role in protecting respiratory cells against reactive oxidative species (ROS) that are induced by airway toxins and inflammation. Recent studies have revealed that Nrf2 can also target and activate many genes involved in developmental programs such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell death, and metabolism. Nrf2 is closely regulated by the interaction with kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), while also directly interacts with a number of other proteins, including inflammatory factors, transcription factors, autophagy mediators, kinases, epigenetic modifiers, etc. It is believed that the multiple target genes and the complicated interacting network of Nrf2 account for the roles of Nrf2 in physiologies and pathogeneses. This chapter summarizes the molecular functions and protein interactions of Nrf2, as well as the roles of Nrf2 and the Nrf2-interacting network in respiratory inflammation and diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), cystic fibrosis (CF), viral/bacterial infections, and lung cancers. Therapeutic applications that target Nrf2 and its interacting proteins in respiratory diseases are also reviewed.
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19
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Yen S, Preissner M, Bennett E, Dubsky S, Carnibella R, O'Toole R, Roddam L, Jones H, Dargaville PA, Fouras A, Zosky GR. The Link between Regional Tidal Stretch and Lung Injury during Mechanical Ventilation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:569-577. [PMID: 30428271 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0143oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the association between regional tidal volume (Vt), regional functional residual capacity (FRC), and the expression of genes linked with ventilator-induced lung injury. Two groups of BALB/c mice (n = 8 per group) were ventilated for 2 hours using a protective or injurious ventilation strategy, with free-breathing mice used as control animals. Regional Vt and FRC of the ventilated mice was determined by analysis of high-resolution four-dimensional computed tomographic images taken at baseline and after 2 hours of ventilation and corrected for the volume of the region (i.e., specific [s]Vt and specific [s]FRC). RNA concentrations of 21 genes in 10 different lung regions were quantified using a quantitative PCR array. sFRC at baseline varied regionally, independent of ventilation strategy, whereas sVt varied regionally depending on ventilation strategy. The expression of IL-6 (P = 0.04), Ccl2 (P < 0.01), and Ang-2 (P < 0.05) was associated with sVt but not sFRC. The expression of seven other genes varied regionally (IL-1β and RAGE [receptor for advanced glycation end products]) or depended on ventilation strategy (Nfe2l2 [nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 factor 2], c-fos, and Wnt1) or both (TNF-α and Cxcl2), but it was not associated with regional sFRC or sVt. These observations suggest that regional inflammatory responses to mechanical ventilation are driven primarily by tidal stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa Preissner
- 2 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Dubsky
- 2 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Heather Jones
- 4 Biomedical Imaging Research Institute.,5 Department of Medicine, and.,6 Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peter A Dargaville
- 7 Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Graeme R Zosky
- 1 School of Medicine and.,7 Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Kim S, Song NJ, Chang SH, Bahn G, Choi Y, Rhee DK, Yun UJ, Choi J, Lee J, Yoo JH, Shin D, Park KM, Kang H, Lee S, Ku JM, Cho YS, Park KW. Sulfuretin Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Diseases in Diet Induced Obese Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:107-116. [PMID: 30130954 PMCID: PMC6319556 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic and associated metabolic diseases require alternative biological targets for new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we show that a phytochemical sulfuretin suppressed adipocyte differentiation of preadipocytes and administration of sulfuretin to high fat diet-fed obese mice prevented obesity and increased insulin sensitivity. These effects were associated with a suppressed expression of inflammatory markers, induced expression of adiponectin, and increased levels of phosphorylated ERK and AKT. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of sulfuretin in adipocytes, we performed microarray analysis and identified activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) as a sulfuretin-responsive gene. Sulfuretin elevated Atf3 mRNA and protein levels in white adipose tissue and adipocytes. Consistently, deficiency of Atf3 promoted lipid accumulation and the expression of adipocyte markers. Sulfuretin’s but not resveratrol’s anti-adipogenic effects were diminished in Atf3 deficient cells, indicating that Atf3 is an essential factor in the effects of sulfuretin. These results highlight the usefulness of sulfuretin as a new anti-obesity intervention for the prevention of obesity and its associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - No-Joon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Bahn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Rhee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ui Jeong Yun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Yoo
- Department of Medicine, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Donghan Shin
- Department of Medicine, Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ki-Moon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kang
- Department of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medicine, Kyunghee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mo Ku
- Biomaterials Research and Development Team, Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Genetic variants with gene regulatory effects are associated with diisocyanate-induced asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:959-969. [PMID: 29969634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocyanates are major causes of occupational asthma, but susceptibility and mechanisms of diisocyanate-induced asthma (DA) remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify DA-associated functional genetic variants through next-generation sequencing (NGS), bioinformatics, and functional assays. METHODS NGS was performed in 91 workers with DA. Fourteen loci with known DA-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were sequenced and compared with data from 238 unexposed subjects. Ranking of DA-associated SNPs based on their likelihood to affect gene regulatory mechanisms in the lung yielded 21 prioritized SNPs. Risk and nonrisk oligonucleotides were tested for binding of nuclear extracts from A549, BEAS-2B, and IMR-90 lung cell lines by using electrophoretic mobility shift assays. DNA constructs were cloned into a pGL3 promoter vector for luciferase gene reporter assays. RESULTS NGS detected 130 risk variants associated with DA (3.1 × 10-6 to 6.21 × 10-4), 129 of which were located in noncoding regions. The 21 SNPs prioritized by using functional genomic data sets were in or proximal to 5 genes: cadherin 17 (CDH17; n = 10), activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3; n = 7), family with sequence similarity, member A (FAM71A; n = 2), tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1; n = 1), and zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16 (ZBTB16; n = 1). Electrophoretic mobility shift assays detected allele-dependent nuclear protein binding in A549 cells for 8 of 21 variants. In the luciferase assay 4 of the 21 SNPs exhibited allele-dependent changes in gene expression. DNA affinity precipitation and mass spectroscopy of rs147978008 revealed allele-dependent binding of H1 histones, which was confirmed by using Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS We identified 5 DA-associated potential regulatory SNPs. Four variants exhibited effects on gene regulation (ATF rs11571537, CDH17 rs2446824 and rs2513789, and TACR1 rs2287231). A fifth variant (FAM71A rs147978008) showed nonrisk allele preferential binding to H1 histones. These results demonstrate that many DA-associated genetic variants likely act by modulating gene regulation.
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Sun Z, Niu Z, Wu S, Shan S. Protective mechanism of sulforaphane in Nrf2 and anti-lung injury in ARDS rabbits. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4911-4915. [PMID: 29805514 PMCID: PMC5952085 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of sulforaphane on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its protective mechanism for lung injury in rabbits with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were investigated. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into control (n=10), model (n=10) and experimental groups (n=10). Rabbits in model group and experimental group were treated with femoral venous injection of oleic acid to establish the ARDS model, while those in control group were injected with the same volume of normal saline. The experimental group received intravenous injection of sulforaphane. Twelve hours after modeling, the clinical manifestations and deaths of rabbits in each group were recorded and compared, including blood gas indexes, lung index (LI), alveolar damage coefficient, serum Nrf2 expression, as well as messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of Nrf2 in lung tissues. Pink frothy sputum and death were observed in rabbits in model group and experimental group, but the number of such cases in experimental group was smaller than that in the model group (p<0.05). Compared with those in control group, LI and IQA in model group and experimental group were increased, but LI and IQA in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared with those in the model group. Compared with those in the model group, the blood gas indexes (PaO2, PaCO2 and SaO2) in the experimental group were significantly increased (p<0.05). Nrf2 in serum and lung tissues of rabbits in experimental group was significantly increased compared with that in model group (p<0.05). Sulforaphane significantly inhibits ARDS in rabbits and plays a protective role in ARDS through upregulating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjian Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Shuishui Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Shiqiang Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
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Wang J, Cheng W, Wang Z, Xin L, Zhang W. ATF3 inhibits the inflammation induced by Mycoplasma pneumonia in vitro and in vivo. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:1163-1170. [PMID: 28440917 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3) is a key regulator of inflammatory responses. We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of ATF3 on the inflammatory cytokines are induced by Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP). STUDY DESIGN RAW264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophages were exposed to various time with or without MP infection (3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h), and detect the expression of ATF3. Adenovirus-expression of ATF3 (Ad/ATF3) or Ad/βgal was transfected into cells which were exposed to MP for 48 h, RT-PCR and ELISA was used to evaluate the expression and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. In addition, intravenous administration Ad/ATF3 or Ad/βgal into the mice, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines were detected using ELISA. ChIP assay was used to determine whether ATF3 can bind to the promoter of Early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1). Western blot was used to detect the expression of Egr-1 and Fyn. RESULTS ATF3 was increased at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h and the highest expression levels occurs in 6 h, there is no significant differences at 24 and 48 h compared with 0 h or CON group in RAW 264.7. Similar results were seen in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Overexpression of ATF3 resulted in the reduction of inflammatory cytokines. ChIP assay revealed that ATF3 can bind to the promoter of Egr-1. Overexpression of ATF3 inhibited the protein expression of Egr-1 and Fyn; conversely, ATF3-deficiency promoted the expression of Egr-1 and Fyn. Overexpression of Egr-1 reduced the anti-inflammatory action of ATF3. CONCLUSIONS ATF3 inhibit the expression and release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 induced by MP in vitro and in vivo, which is associated with its negative regulation of Egr-1/Fyn signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- The Second Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Second Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The Second Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Xin
- The Second Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Sha H, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Wang Y. ATF3 promotes migration and M1/M2 polarization of macrophages by activating tenascin‑C via Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3641-3647. [PMID: 28714032 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different polarization states of macrophages, including the classically activated M1 phenotype and the alternatively activated M2 phenotype. These have different functions in the inflammation process. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a key transcriptional regulator that inhibits the inflammatory response. However, the effects of ATF3 on migration and anti‑inflammatory control mechanisms of macrophages have not been thoroughly investigated. The present study investigated the effect of ATF3 on macrophage migration and M1/M2 polarization. Results revealed that overexpression of ATF3 promoted macrophage migration and the expression of the M2 phenotype markers [cluster of differentiation (CD) 163, mannose receptor C type 1, arginase 1 and peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ] and inhibited expression of the M1 phenotype markers (monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, CD16 and tumor necrosis factor‑α), whereas knockdown of ATF3 resulted in a contrary effect. In addition, the wingless‑type MMTV integration site family member (Wnt)/β‑catenin signaling pathway was activated and the expression level of tenascin (TNC) was significantly upregulated by overexpression of ATF3. Additionally, inhibition of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling significantly attenuated the upregulatory effect of ATF3 on TNC. Finally, the effect of ATF3 on macrophage migration and markers of the M1 or M2 state was investigated using TNC‑specific siRNA. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that ATF3 promotes macrophage migration and reverses M1‑polarized macrophages to the M2 phenotype by upregulation of TNC via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Dianzhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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Qiu Y, Yu P, Lin R, Fu X, Hao B, Lei B. Genome-wide retinal transcriptome analysis of endotoxin-induced uveitis in mice with next-generation sequencing. Mol Vis 2017; 23:395-406. [PMID: 28706439 PMCID: PMC5501689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is a well-established mouse model for studying human acute inflammatory uveitis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the genome-wide retinal transcriptome profile of EIU. METHODS The anterior segment of the mice was examined with a slit-lamp, and clinical scores were evaluated simultaneously. The histological changes in the posterior segment of the eyes were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. A high throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) strategy using the Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform was applied to characterize the retinal transcriptome profile from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated and untreated mice. The validation of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was analyzed with real-time PCR. RESULTS At the 24th hour after challenge, the clinical score of the LPS group was significantly higher (3.83±0.75, mean ± standard deviation [SD]) than that of the control group (0.08±0.20, mean ± SD; p<0.001). The histological evaluation showed a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated into the vitreous cavity in the LPS group compared with the control group. A total of 478 DEGs were identified with RNA-seq. Among these genes, 406 were upregulated and 72 were downregulated in the LPS group. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment showed three significantly enriched upregulated terms. Twenty-one upregulated and seven downregulated pathways were remarkably enriched by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. Eleven inflammatory response-, complement system-, fibrinolytic system-, and cell stress-related genes were validated to show similar results as the RNA-seq. CONCLUSIONS We first reported the retinal transcriptome profile of the EIU mouse with RNA-seq. The results indicate that the abnormal changes in the inflammatory response-, complement system-, fibrinolytic system-, and cell stress-related genes occurred concurrently in EIU. These genes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of EIU. This study will lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and shed light on discovering novel therapeutic targets for ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Ru Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingtao Hao
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China,Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Bahmed K, Messier EM, Zhou W, Tuder RM, Freed CR, Chu HW, Kelsen SG, Bowler RP, Mason RJ, Kosmider B. DJ-1 Modulates Nuclear Erythroid 2-Related Factor-2-Mediated Protection in Human Primary Alveolar Type II Cells in Smokers. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 55:439-49. [PMID: 27093578 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0304oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a main source of oxidative stress and a key risk factor for emphysema, which consists of alveolar wall destruction. Alveolar type (AT) II cells are in the gas exchange regions of the lung. We isolated primary ATII cells from deidentified organ donors whose lungs were not suitable for transplantation. We analyzed the cell injury obtained from nonsmokers, moderate smokers, and heavy smokers. DJ-1 protects cells from oxidative stress and induces nuclear erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) expression, which activates the antioxidant defense system. In ATII cells isolated from moderate smokers, we found DJ-1 expression by RT-PCR, and Nrf2 and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 translocation by Western blotting and immunocytofluorescence. In ATII cells isolated from heavy smokers, we detected Nrf2 and HO-1 cytoplasmic localization. Moreover, we found high oxidative stress, as detected by 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) (immunoblotting), inflammation by IL-8 and IL-6 levels by ELISA, and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay in ATII cells obtained from heavy smokers. Furthermore, we detected early DJ-1 and late Nrf2 expression after ATII cell treatment with CS extract. We also overexpressed DJ-1 by adenovirus construct and found that this restored Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and induced nuclear translocation in heavy smokers. Moreover, DJ-1 overexpression also decreased ATII cell apoptosis caused by CS extract in vitro. Our results indicate that DJ-1 activates the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense system. Furthermore, DJ-1 overexpression can restore the impaired Nrf2 pathway, leading to ATII cell protection in heavy smokers. This suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting DJ-1 in CS-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Bahmed
- 1 Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery.,2 Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Elise M Messier
- 3 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Wenbo Zhou
- 4 Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Rubin M Tuder
- 5 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Curt R Freed
- 4 Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- 3 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Steven G Kelsen
- 1 Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery.,2 Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Russell P Bowler
- 3 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert J Mason
- 3 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Beata Kosmider
- 1 Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery.,2 Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and.,6 Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
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27
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Qian L, Zhao Y, Guo L, Li S, Wu X. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting the expression of TL1A. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3727-3734. [PMID: 28177121 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Punan Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Xinqiao Hospital; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command; Kunming China
| | - Xueling Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Renji Hospital; School of medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai China
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28
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Amatullah H, Shan Y, Beauchamp BL, Gali PL, Gupta S, Maron-Gutierrez T, Speck ER, Fox-Robichaud AE, Tsang JLY, Mei SHJ, Mak TW, Rocco PRM, Semple JW, Zhang H, Hu P, Marshall JC, Stewart DJ, Harper ME, Liaw PC, Liles WC, dos Santos CC. DJ-1/PARK7 Impairs Bacterial Clearance in Sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:889-905. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0730oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hajera Amatullah
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Yuexin Shan
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Patricia L. Gali
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sahil Gupta
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edwin R. Speck
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison E. Fox-Robichaud
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jennifer L. Y. Tsang
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H. J. Mei
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton (Niagara Campus), Ontario, Canada
| | - Tak W. Mak
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research at Princess Margaret Hospital, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - John W. Semple
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - John C. Marshall
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton (Niagara Campus), Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia C. Liaw
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - W. Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Claudia C. dos Santos
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
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Wang T, Gross C, Desai AA, Zemskov E, Wu X, Garcia AN, Jacobson JR, Yuan JXJ, Garcia JGN, Black SM. Endothelial cell signaling and ventilator-induced lung injury: molecular mechanisms, genomic analyses, and therapeutic targets. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L452-L476. [PMID: 27979857 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00231.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Paradoxically, mechanical ventilation also creates excessive mechanical stress that directly augments lung injury, a syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The pathobiology of VILI and ARDS shares many inflammatory features including increases in lung vascular permeability due to loss of endothelial cell barrier integrity resulting in alveolar flooding. While there have been advances in the understanding of certain elements of VILI and ARDS pathobiology, such as defining the importance of lung inflammatory leukocyte infiltration and highly induced cytokine expression, a deep understanding of the initiating and regulatory pathways involved in these inflammatory responses remains poorly understood. Prevailing evidence indicates that loss of endothelial barrier function plays a primary role in the development of VILI and ARDS. Thus this review will focus on the latest knowledge related to 1) the key role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis of VILI; 2) the transcription factors that relay the effects of excessive mechanical stress in the endothelium; 3) the mechanical stress-induced posttranslational modifications that influence key signaling pathways involved in VILI responses in the endothelium; 4) the genetic and epigenetic regulation of key target genes in the endothelium that are involved in VILI responses; and 5) the need for novel therapeutic strategies for VILI that can preserve endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christine Gross
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Evgeny Zemskov
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Alexander N Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona;
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30
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Wu YP, Wu YF, Zhang C, Zhou HB, Cao C, Li M, Zhu C, Ying SM, Chen ZH, Shen HH, Li W. Activating Transcription Factor 3 Is Essential for Cigarette Smoke-Induced Mucin Expression via Interaction with Activator Protein-1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 187:280-291. [PMID: 27912076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion is an important pathologic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an adaptive-response gene that participates in various cellular processes. However, little is known about its role in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced mucus hyperproduction. This study aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of ATF3 in CS-induced Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) expression. ATF3 was elevated in lung tissues of mice exposed to CS for 12 weeks. Treatment with CS extract significantly induced ATF3 expression and MUC5AC production in human bronchial epithelial cells, NCI-H292, and mouse tracheal epithelial cells. Interference of ATF3 significantly attenuated CS-induced MUC5AC expression in NCI-H292 and human bronchial epithelial cells. Mouse tracheal epithelial cells isolated from Atf3-/- mice also exhibited less MUC5AC production in response to CS extract treatment. In vivo, the Atf3-/- mice also displayed a significantly reduced mucus production relative to wild-type controls in response to chronic CS exposure. Furthermore, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed increased ATF3 binding to the MUC5AC promoter after CS treatment, and this transcriptional binding was significantly inhibited by knockdown of JUN, a subunit of activator protein-1. These results demonstrate that ATF3 may be involved in activator protein-1 signaling and transcriptional promotion of CS-induced MUC5AC expression in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Fang Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Bin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song-Min Ying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hua-Hao Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Lim R, Barker G, Liong S, Nguyen-Ngo C, Tong S, Kaitu'u-Lino T, Lappas M. ATF3 is a negative regulator of inflammation in human fetal membranes. Placenta 2016; 47:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Qi T, Xu F, Yan X, Li S, Li H. Sulforaphane exerts anti-inflammatory effects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Int J Mol Med 2015; 37:182-8. [PMID: 26531002 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (1-isothiocyanate-4-methyl sulfonyl butane) is a plant extract (obtained from cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage) and is known to exert anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It stimulates the generation of human or animal cells, which is beneficial to the body. The aim of the current study was to determine whether sulforaphane protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced acute lung injury (ALI) through its anti-inflammatory effects, and to investigate the signaling pathways involved. For this purpose, male BALB/c mice were treated with sulforaphane (50 mg/kg) and 3 days later, ALI was induced by the administration of LPS (5 mg/kg) and we thus established the model of ALI. Our results revealed that sulforaphane significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (as shown by LDH assay), the wet-to-dry ratio of the lungs and the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (measured by ELISA), as well as nuclear factor-κB protein expression in mice with LPS-induced ALI. Moreover, treatment with sulforaphane significantly inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein expression (as shown by western blot analysis), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in mice with LPS-induced ALI. Lastly, we noted that pre-treatment with sulforaphane activated the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in the mice with LPS-induced ALI. These findings demonstrate that sulforaphane exerts protective effects against LPS-induced ALI through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Thus, sulforaphane may be a potential a candidate for use in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Jin Zhou People's Hospital of Hebei Province, Hebei 052260, P.R. China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Silva PL, Negrini D, Rocco PRM. Mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury in healthy lungs. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2015; 29:301-13. [PMID: 26643096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is an essential method of patient support, but it may induce lung damage, leading to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). VILI is the result of a complex interplay among various mechanical forces that act on lung structures, such as type I and II epithelial cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, peripheral airways, and the extracellular matrix (ECM), during mechanical ventilation. This article discusses ongoing research focusing on mechanisms of VILI in previously healthy lungs, such as in the perioperative period, and the development of new ventilator strategies for surgical patients. Several experimental and clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the mechanisms of mechanotransduction in each cell type and in the ECM, as well as the role of different ventilator parameters in inducing or preventing VILI. VILI may be attenuated by reducing the tidal volume; however, the use of higher or lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers during the perioperative period is a matter of debate. Many questions concerning the mechanisms of VILI in surgical patients remain unanswered. The optimal threshold value of each ventilator parameter to reduce VILI is also unclear. Further experimental and clinical studies are necessary to better evaluate ventilator settings during the perioperative period in different types of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Negrini
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Kong M, Mao J, Luo B, Qin Z. Role of transcriptional factor Nrf2 in the acute lung injury of mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:10929-34. [PMID: 26617809 PMCID: PMC4637624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the expression and role of Nrf2 in the acute lung injury (ALI) of mice. METHODS A total of 60 BABL/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: ALI group and control group. In ALI group, ALI was introduced by injection of LPS. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect Nrf2 expression in the lung; Western blot assay was employed to detect the expression of Nrf2 in the lung homogenate; ELISA was conducted to detect the expression of Nrf2 in the lung homogenate and BALF. RESULTS As compared to control group, ALI mice had a high Nrf2 expression in the lung as shown in immunohistochemistry, and the Nrf2 expression in the lung homogenate and BALF also increased markedly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The Nrf2 expression increases in the lung and BALF of ALI mice, suggesting that Nrf2 is involved in the inflammation during ALI and may serve as a new target in the therapy of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bijun Luo
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 20072, China
| | - Zonghao Qin
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 20072, China
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