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Zhang Z, Bao C, Li Z, He C, Jin W, Li C, Chen Y. Integrated omics analysis reveals the alteration of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in Cervus elaphus kansuensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:125. [PMID: 38229330 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is the largest and most complex microecosystem in animals. It is influenced by the host's dietary habits and living environment, and its composition and diversity play irreplaceable roles in animal nutrient metabolism, immunity, and adaptation to the environment. Although the gut microbiota of red deer has been studied, the composition and function of the gut microbiota in Gansu red deer (Cervus elaphus kansuensis), an endemic subspecies of red deer in China, has not been reported. In this study, the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome and fecal metabolomics of C. elaphus kansuensis were identified and compared for the first time by using 16S rDNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and LC-MS/MS. There were significant differences in gut microbiota structure and diversity between wild and farmed C. elaphus kansuensis. The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that the genus UCRD-005 was dominant in both captive red deer (CRD) and wild red deer (WRD). Metagenomic sequencing showed similar results to those of 16S rDNA sequencing for gut microbiota in CRD and WRD at the phylum and genus levels. 16S rDNA and metagenomics sequencing data suggested that Bacteroides and Bacillus might serve as marker genera for CRD and WRD, respectively. Fecal metabolomics results showed that 520 metabolites with significant differences were detected between CRD and WRD and most differential metabolites were involved in lipid metabolism. The results suggested that large differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites between CRD and WRD, indicating that different dietary habits and living environments over time have led to the development of stable gut microbiome characteristics for CRD and WRD to meet their respective survival and reproduction needs. KEY POINTS: • Environment and food affected the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in red deer • Genera Bacteroides and Bacillus may play important roles in CRD and WRD, respectively • Flavonoids and ascorbic acid in fecal metabolites may influence health of red deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Changhong Bao
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Caixia He
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Wenjie Jin
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China.
| | - Yanxia Chen
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, No. 251 Ningda Road, Xining, 810016, China.
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Du H, Cui L, Zhao X, Yu Z, He T, Zhang B, Fan X, Zhao M, Zhu R, Zhang Z, Li M, Li J, Oh Y, Gu N. Butylparaben induces glycolipid metabolic disorders in mice via disruption of gut microbiota and FXR signaling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134821. [PMID: 38850927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Butylparaben, a common preservative, is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Epidemiological studies have revealed the close relationship between butylparaben and diabetes; however the mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, we administered butylparaben orally to mice and observed that exposure to butylparaben induced glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia. RNA sequencing results demonstrated that the enrichment of differentially expressed genes was associated with lipid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, and inflammatory response. Western blot results further validated that butylparaben promoted hepatic lipogenesis, inflammation, gluconeogenesis, and insulin resistance through the inhibition of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathway. The FXR agonists alleviated the butylparaben-induced metabolic disorders. Moreover, 16 S rRNA sequencing showed that butylparaben reduced the abundance of Bacteroidetes, S24-7, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus, and elevated the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. The gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by butylparaben led to decreased bile acids (BAs) production and increased inflammatory response, which further induced hepatic glycolipid metabolic disorders. Our results also demonstrated that probiotics attenuated butylparaben-induced disturbances of the gut microbiota and hepatic metabolism. Taken collectively, the findings reveal that butylparaben induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and decreased BAs production, which further inhibited FXR signaling, ultimately contributing to glycolipid metabolic disorders in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chinese Material Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 650500, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ziteng Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianyue He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Meimei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mengcong Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama 640-8441, Japan
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Chinese Material Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
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Ezz El Deen NM, Karem M, El Borhamy MI, Hanora AMS, Fahmy N, Zakeer S. Multivariate Analysis and Correlation Study Shows the Impact of Anthropometric and Demographic Variables on Gut Microbiota in Obese Egyptian Children. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:259. [PMID: 38972943 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Deciphering the gut microbiome's link to obesity is crucial. Our study characterized the gut microbial community in Egyptian children and investigated the effect of covariates on the gut microbiome, body mass index (BMI), geographical location, gender, and age. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gut microbial communities of 49 children. We then evaluated these communities for diversity, potential biomarkers, and functional capacity. Alpha diversity of the non-obese group was higher than that of the obese group (Chao1, P = 0.006 and observed species, P = 0.003). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in the gut microbiome between the two geographical locations, Cairo and Ismailia (unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.03) and between obesity statuses, obese and non-obese (weighted UniFrac, P = 0.034; unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.015). We observed a significantly higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in obese males than in non-obese males (P = 0.004). Interestingly, this difference was not seen in females (P = 0.77). Multivariable association with linear models (MaAsLin2) identified 8 microbial features associated with obesity, 12 associated with non-obesity, and found 29 and 13 features specific to Cairo and Ismailia patients, respectively. It has also shown one microbial feature associated with patients under five years old. MaAsLin2, however, failed to recognize any association between gender and the gut microbiome. Moreover, it could find the most predominant features in groups 2-9 but not in group 1. Another method used in the analysis is the Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) approach, which effectively identified 19 biomarkers linked to obesity, 9 linked non-obesity, 20 linked to patients residing in Cairo, 14 linked to patients in Ismailia, one linked to males, and 12 linked to females. LEfSe could not, however, detect any prevalent bacteria among children younger or older than five. Future studies should take advantage of such correlations, specifically BMI, to determine the interventions needed for obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Mohamed Ezz El Deen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Karem
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Division, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mervat Ismail El Borhamy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amro Mohamed Said Hanora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Nora Fahmy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samira Zakeer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Lin TH, Chou YH, Hsu TY, Hung CH, Lai CY. Association among polydisperse aerodynamic size of bioaerosols, biodiversity and urbanization in kindergartens. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142333. [PMID: 38759806 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The aerodynamic sizes of bioaerosols may significantly affect their behaviors, respiratory deposition and biodiversity. The respirable bacterial size, biodiversity, and human-associated bacteria (HAB) related bioaerosols were evaluated at three kindergartens in Taiwan. Kindergartens A, B, and C were in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas, respectively. A six-stage viable Andersen cascade impactor was used to collect bioaerosols and to determine their size distributions. The geometric mean diameter (GMD), geometric standard deviation (GSD), heat maps, and uniformity were used to evaluate the association of bacteria characteristics. A BD Phoenix-100 automated interpretation system was used to identify the airborne bacteria species. The results revealed that 1425 colonies of the sampled airborne bacteria contained 63 species in 29 genera, and overall, 63.0% were HABs. The most abundant phylum was Actinobacteria (56.6 ± 22.2%) and Firmicutes (31.6 ± 22.3%), and from the taxonomic analysis, both airborne Micrococcus and the Staphylococcus aureus are the dominant genus. All the bacteria aerodynamic particle size distributions were polydisperse distributions. The heat map and uniformity analysis had revealed most of the sampled bioaerosols distributed between 1.1-3.3 μm, and most of the polydisperse airborne Streptococcus spp. had a size in the respirable range, due to urbanization, they have potentially contributed to respiratory risk in the kindergartens. The Shannon diversity index (H) and inverse Simpson diversity index (D) of the bioaerosols in urban kindergarten were negatively correlated with GMD and GSD. The Pearson correlations revealed that the kindergarten in the rural area, with a higher temperature, a lower relative humidity, and a lower CO2 concentration than the others, tended to have the largest H and D values (P < 0.05). Multiple and stepwise regression revealed that bioaerosol aerodynamic size was statistically significantly correlated with H (P = 0.001) and D values (P = 0.002). This study sheds light on the characteristics of bioaerosols and their associations with microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsien Lin
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Yu Hsu
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hui Hung
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chane-Yu Lai
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Masoumi M, Jafarzadeh A, Hadavi H, Nikoyan P, Falahati-Pour SK, Askari N, Mirzaei V. Human Gut Microbiome Before and After Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07364-5. [PMID: 38913272 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery, a significant intervention for obesity, may influence weight loss through changes in gut microbiota, particularly the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. This study explores these potential shifts and their metabolic implications. MATERIALS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving patients who had undergone bariatric surgery. Stool samples were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-operation. We performed DNA extraction and quantified the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes to assess changes in the gut microbiota over time. RESULTS Our research revealed a significant alteration in the gut microbiota following bariatric surgery. In diabetic individuals, there was a marked increase in the average number of Firmicutes bacteria at both 3 and 6 months post-operation, compared to pre-surgery levels. In contrast, non-diabetic subjects experienced a notable decrease in Firmicutes during the same timeframe. Regarding Bacteroidetes bacteria, the trend was reversed; diabetic patients showed a significant reduction, while non-diabetics exhibited an increase after the surgery. These findings highlight the dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition associated with bariatric surgery and its potential link to metabolic changes post-operation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that obesity alters the gut's microbial composition. The observed bacterial fluctuations, particularly in the dominant Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes groups, are likely contributors to the weight loss experienced post-surgery. This alteration in gut bacteria underscores the complex interplay between microbiota and metabolic health, highlighting potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Masoumi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Hadavi
- Department of Surgery, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Payam Nikoyan
- Kerman Mehregan Bariatric Surgery Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Askari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Mirzaei
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Luzzi A, Briata IM, Di Napoli I, Giugliano S, Di Sabatino A, Rescigno M, Cena H. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics to adolescents in metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1433-1446. [PMID: 38704983 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has globally reached alarming dimensions and many adolescents affected by obesity already present one or more obesity-related comorbidities. In recent years, emerging evidence supporting the role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases has been reported and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics as a strategy to manipulate gut microbiota has become popular. The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in adolescents and to discuss the potential use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics for the prevention and treatment of this clinical picture in adolescence. According to the most recent literature, prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics have no clear effect on MetS, but a possible modulation of anthropometric parameters has been observed after synbiotic supplementation. Only one study has examined the role of postbiotics in alleviating metabolic complications in children with obesity but not in adolescents. More extensive research is needed to support the conclusions drawn so far and to develop effective microbiome-based interventions that may help improving the quality of life of children and adolescents exposed to the increasing prevalence of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Luzzi
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Irene Maria Briata
- Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Division of Medical Oncology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Di Napoli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Giugliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Mehranfar S, Tarashi S, Hajishizari S, Badi SA, Yekaninejad MS, Clark CCT, Motahhary A, Jamili S, Siadat SD, Mirzaei K. The association between gut microbiota and resting metabolic rate in overweight/obese women: a case-control study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:931-941. [PMID: 38932806 PMCID: PMC11196539 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose When examining the underlying processes of obesity, evaluation of gut flora and energy homeostasis can be crucial since disruption of the normal gut microbiota community and energy imbalances are significant factors in the development of obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the relative abundance of important obesity modulator gut microbiota (including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobactrium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Escherichia coli) in fecal samples of normometabilic and hypometabolic overweight/obese individuals. Methods This matched case-control study conducted on 36 healthy women aged 18-50 years old. An indirect calorimeter and impedance body analyzer were used to assess resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition, respectively. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires. To determine the abundance of the abovementioned gut microbiota, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was performed. Moreover, ELISA kits were used to assess leptin, ghrelin, and insulin hormones. Results The results highlighted higher load of Firmicutes (p = 0.02), F. prausnitzii (p < 0.001), and B. fragilis (p = 0.02) in the normometabolic individuals compared to the hypometabolic ones. Besides, the positive correlation between the abundance of Firmicutes (β = 7.76 × 10-1, p = 0.01), F. prausnitzii (β = 1.29 × 10-5, p = 0.01), and B. fragilis (β = 4.13 × 10-6, p = 0.04) with the RMR have been shown. Whereas the abundance of Bacteroidetes, A. muciniphila, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobactrium spp., and E. coli showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) and no significant correlation with the RMR except Lactobacillus spp. (β = 1.73 × 10-4, p = 0.01). Conclusion It seems that gut microbiota can be a potential target for refining host energy homeostasis and treating obesity and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Mehranfar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Hajishizari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Atiyyeh Motahhary
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Jamili
- Department of Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jiang C, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang K, Huang C, Gao F, Peng Hu H, Deng Y, Zhang W, Zheng J, Huang J, Li Y. Polyphenols from hickory nut reduce the occurrence of atherosclerosis in mice by improving intestinal microbiota and inhibiting trimethylamine N-oxide production. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155349. [PMID: 38522315 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite produced by intestinal microbiota through metabolizing phosphatidylcholine, choline, l-carnitine and betaine in the diet, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Concurrently, dietary polyphenols have garnered attention for their potential to ameliorate obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis primarily by modulating the intestinal microbial structure. Hickory (Carya cathayensis) nut, a polyphenol-rich food product favored for its palatability, emerges as a candidate for exploration. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The relationship between polyphenol of hickory nut and atherosclerosis prevention will be firstly clarified, providing theoretical basis for the discovery of natural products counteracting TMAO-induced AS process in hickory nut. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Employing Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and histological examination of aortic samples, the effects of total polyphenol extract on obesity index, inflammatory index and pathological changes of atherosclerosis in C57BL/6 J mice fed with high-fat and high choline diet were evaluated. Further, the composition, abundance, and function of mouse gut microbiota were analyzed through 16srDNA sequencing. Concurrently, the levels of TMAO and the expression of key enzymes (CutC and FMO3) involved in its synthesis are quantified using ELISA, Western Blot and Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Additionally, targeted metabolomic profiling of the hickory nut polyphenol extract was conducted, accompanied by molecular docking simulations to predict interactions between candidate polyphenols and the CutC/FMO3 using Autodock Vina. Finally, the docking prediction were verified by microscale thermophoresis (MST) . RESULTS Polyphenol extracts of hickory nut improved the index of obesity and inflammation, and alleviated the pathological changes of atherosclerosis in C57BL/6 J mice fed with high-fat and high-choline diet. Meanwhile, these polyphenol extracts also changed the composition and function of intestinal microbiota, and increased the abundance of microorganisms in mice. Notably, the abundance of intestinal microbiota endowed with CutC gene was significantly reduced, coherent with expression of CutC catalyzing TMA production. Moreover, polyphenol extracts also decreased the expression of FMO3 in the liver, contributing to the reduction of TMAO levels in serum. Furthermore, metabonomic profile analysis of these polyphenol extracts identified 647 kinds of polyphenols. Molecular docking predication further demonstrated that Casuariin and Cinnamtannin B2 had the most potential inhibition on the enzymatic activities of CutC or FMO3, respectively. Notably, MST analysis corroborated the potential for direct interaction between CutC enzyme and available polyphenols such as Corilagin, (-)-Gallocatechin gallate and Epigallocatechin gallate. CONCLUSION Hickory polyphenol extract can mitigate HFD-induced AS by regulating intestinal microflora in murine models. In addition, TMA-FMO3-TMAO pathway may play a key role in this process. This research unveils, for the inaugural time, the complex interaction between hickory nut-derived polyphenols and gut microbial, providing novel insights into the role of dietary polyphenols in AS prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Ketao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Chunying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Huang Peng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Yangyong Deng
- Hangzhou Yaoshengji Food Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Suichang County Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Suichang, Zhejiang 323300, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Suichang County Food and Drug Safety Inspection and Testing Center, Suichang, Zhejiang 323300, China
| | - Jianqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China.
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Lu M, Feng R, Li M, Liu L, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Yin C. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and childhood obesity: A Mendelian randomization study and case-control study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:197-206. [PMID: 38963766 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota and obesity are deeply interconnected. However, the causality in the relationship between these factors remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the genetic relationship between gut microbiota and childhood obesity. METHODS Genetic summary statistics for the gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data for childhood obesity were obtained from North American, Australian, and European collaborative genome-wide meta-analyses. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse variance weighting method. 16 children with obesity and 16 without obesity were included for clinical observation, and their weight, body mass index, blood lipid levels, and gut microbiology were assessed. Paired t-test was the primary method of data analysis, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS MR identified 16 causal relationships between the gut microbiome and childhood obesity. In the case-control study, we found that five gut microorganisms differed between children with and without obesity, whereas three gut microorganisms changed after weight loss in children with obesity. CONCLUSION Our study provides new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying gut microbiota and childhood obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2300072179. NAME OF REGISTRY Change of intestinal flora and plasma metabolome in obese children and their weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled tria URL OF REGISTRY: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html. DATE OF REGISTRATION 2023-06-06. DATE OF ENROLMENT OF THE FIRST PARTICIPANT TO THE TRIAL 2023-06-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Ruoyang Feng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University HongHui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Lujie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Yanfeng Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Yuesheng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Chunyan Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
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Pribac M, Motataianu A, Andone S, Mardale E, Nemeth S. Bridging the Gap: Harnessing Plant Bioactive Molecules to Target Gut Microbiome Dysfunctions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4471-4488. [PMID: 38785539 PMCID: PMC11120375 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The correlation between neurodegenerative diseases and the gut microbiome is increasingly evident, with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) being particularly notable for its severity and lack of therapeutic options. The gut microbiota, implicated in the pathogenesis and development of ALS, plays a crucial role in the disease. Bioactive plant molecules, specifically volatile compounds in essential oils, offer a promising therapeutic avenue due to their anti-inflammatory properties and gut-modulating effects. Our narrative review aimed to identify microbiota-associated bacteria in ALS and analyze the benefits of administering bioactive plant molecules as much-needed therapeutic options in the management of this disease. A comprehensive search of PubMed database articles published before December 2023, encompassing research on cell, human, and animal ALS models, was conducted. After selecting, analyzing, and discussing key articles, bacteria linked to ALS pathogenesis and physiopathology were identified. Notably, positively highlighted bacteria included Akkermansia muciniphila (Verrucomicrobia phylum), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Butyrivibrio spp. (Firmicutes phylum). Conversely, members of the Escherichia coli spp. (Proteobacteria phylum) and Ruminococcus spp. (Firmicutes phylum) stood out negatively in respect to ALS development. These bacteria were associated with molecular changes linked to ALS pathogenesis and evolution. Bioactive plant molecules can be directly associated with improvements in the microbiome, due to their role in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, emerging as one of the most promising natural agents for enriching present-day ALS treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Pribac
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Anca Motataianu
- Ist Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Sebastian Andone
- Ist Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | - Sebastian Nemeth
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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11
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Chen X, Wang G, Qin L, Hu B, Li J. Intestinal Microbiota Modulates the Antitumor Effect of Oncolytic Virus Vaccines in Colorectal Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1228-1241. [PMID: 38400885 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapies, such as oncolytic viruses, have become powerful cancer treatments, but only some patients with cancer can benefit from them, especially those with advanced-stage cancer, and new therapeutic strategies are needed to facilitate extended survival. The intestinal microbiota may contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis and the response to immunotherapy. However, whether and how the intestinal microbiota modulates the effects of oncolytic virus vaccines (OVVs) in CRC remain to be investigated. METHODS We generated an MC38-gp33 CRC mouse model and treated it with OVV-gp33 in early and advanced stages. Probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and antibiotics (ABX) were administered to regulate the microbial composition of CRC mice at an advanced stage. The tumor growth rate and survival time of the mice were recorded; 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the microbial composition and flow cytometry was used to detect T-cell subset activity. RESULTS OVV-gp33 treatment inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in the early stage of CRC but did not have a significant effect on the advanced stage of CRC. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and flow cytometry showed significant differences in intestinal microbiota composition, microbial metabolites, and T-cell subsets in early and advanced-stage CRC. Probiotic and FMT treatment significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of OVV in the advanced stage of CRC with an increased abundance of activated CD8+ T cells and a decreased ratio of Treg cells, while depletion of the microbiota by ABX eliminated the antitumor activity of OVV with decreased CD8+ T-cell activation and upregulated Treg cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites play an important role in the antitumor effect of OVV in CRC. Furthermore, altering the intestinal microbiota composition can modulate the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of OVV in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China.
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12
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Toubon G, Butel MJ, Rozé JC, Delannoy J, Ancel PY, Aires J, Charles MA. Association between gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age and body mass index at 5 years: results from two French nationwide birth cohorts. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:503-511. [PMID: 38097759 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The relationship between gut microbiota and changes in body mass index (BMI) or pediatric overweight in early life remains unclear, and information regarding the preterm population is scarce. This study aimed to investigate how the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age is associated with (1) later BMI at 5 years, and (2) BMI z-score variations between 2 and 5 years in children from two French nationwide birth cohorts. SUBJECTS/METHODS Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age in preterm children (n = 143, EPIPAGE 2 cohort) and late preterm/full-term children (n = 369, ELFE cohort). The predicted abundances of metabolic functions were computed using PICRUSt2. Anthropometric measurements were collected at 2 and 5 years of age during medical examinations or retrieved from children's health records. Statistical analyses included multivariable linear and logistic regressions, random forest variable selection, and MiRKAT. RESULTS The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio at 3.5 years was positively associated with the BMI z-score at 5 years. Several genera were positively ([Eubacterium] hallii group, Fusicatenibacter, and [Eubacterium] ventriosum group) or negatively (Eggerthella, Colidextribacter, and Ruminococcaceae CAG-352) associated with the BMI z-scores at 5 years. Some genera were also associated with variations in the BMI z-scores between 2 and 5 years of age. Predicted metabolic functions, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, biotin metabolism, glycosaminoglycan degradation, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, were associated with lower BMI z-scores at 5 years. The unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis pathway was associated with higher BMI z-scores. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the gut microbiota at 3.5 years is associated with later BMI during childhood, independent of preterm or term birth, suggesting that changes in the gut microbiota that may predispose to adult obesity begin in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Toubon
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et StatistiqueS (CRESS), F-75004, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine Microbiote Pré & Postnatal (3PHM), F-75006, Paris, France
- FHU PREMA, « Fighting Prematurity », F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Marie-José Butel
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine Microbiote Pré & Postnatal (3PHM), F-75006, Paris, France
- FHU PREMA, « Fighting Prematurity », F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Rozé
- INRAE, UMR 1280, Physiologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Centre d'investigation clinique 1413, Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nantes, F-44300, Nantes, France
| | - Johanne Delannoy
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine Microbiote Pré & Postnatal (3PHM), F-75006, Paris, France
- FHU PREMA, « Fighting Prematurity », F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Ancel
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et StatistiqueS (CRESS), F-75004, Paris, France
- FHU PREMA, « Fighting Prematurity », F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Julio Aires
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Physiopathologie et Pharmacotoxicologie Placentaire Humaine Microbiote Pré & Postnatal (3PHM), F-75006, Paris, France.
- FHU PREMA, « Fighting Prematurity », F-75006, Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et StatistiqueS (CRESS), F-75004, Paris, France.
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13
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Yang D, Shen J, Tang C, Lu Z, Lu F, Bie X, Meng F, Zhao H. Prevention of high-fat-diet-induced obesity in mice by soluble dietary fiber from fermented and unfermented millet bran. Food Res Int 2024; 179:113974. [PMID: 38342528 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Obesity-related diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension pose many risks to human health. Thus, mice on a high-fat diet were gavaged with millet bran (unfermented/fermented) soluble dietary fiber (RSDF/FSDF, 500 mg·kg-1) for 10 weeks in current research, and then evaluated the various biological indicators. These findings revealed that RSDF and FSDF supplements could prevent fat synthesis by inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene expression. The RSDF supplements can also accelerate fat catabolism through enhanced the mRNA expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. FSDF supplements can prevent obesity by decreasing 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase expression and increasing cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression. Moreover, FSDF also controls obesity development by lowering total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and bile acid levels in the liver. Notably, FSDF supplements can promote Bacteroides and Prevotella propagation; excretive propionic acid binds to free fatty acid receptor 2/3 and then stimulates intestinal epithelial cells to generate glucagon-like-peptide-1 and peptide YY, which can reduce food and energy intake and ultimately prevent obesity. All evidence suggests that FSDF supplements play a crucial role in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fanqiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haizhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Teker HT, Ceylani T, Keskin S, Samgane G, Allahverdi H, Acikgoz E, Gurbanov R. Supplementing probiotics during intermittent fasting proves more effective in restoring ileum and colon tissues in aged rats. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18203. [PMID: 38445809 PMCID: PMC10915827 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impact of SCD Probiotics supplementation on biomolecule profiles and histopathology of ileum and colon tissues during a 30-day intermittent fasting (IF) program. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 24 months, underwent 18-h daily fasting and received 3 mL (1 × 108 CFU) of SCD Probiotics. The differences in biomolecule profiles were determined using FTIR Spectroscopy and two machine learning techniques, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), which showed significant differences with high accuracy rates. Spectrochemical bands indicating alterations in lipid, protein and nucleic acid profiles in both tissues. The most notable changes were observed in the group subjected to both IF and SCD Probiotics, particularly in the colon. Both interventions, individually and in combination, decreased protein carbonylation levels. SCD Probiotics exerted a more substantial impact on membrane dynamics than IF alone. Additionally, both IF and SCD Probiotics were found to have protective effects on intestinal structure and stability by reducing mast cell density and levels of TNF-α and NF-κB expression in ileum and colon tissues, thus potentially mitigating age-related intestinal damage and inflammation. Furthermore, our results illustrated that while IF and SCD Probiotics individually instigate unique changes in ileum and colon tissues, their combined application yielded more substantial benefits. This study provides evidence for the synergistic potential of IF and SCD Probiotics in combating age-related intestinal alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Taner Teker
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taha Ceylani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
- Department of Food Quality Control and Analysis, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Seda Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Gizem Samgane
- Department Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Education, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Allahverdi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Eda Acikgoz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Rafig Gurbanov
- Department of Bioengineering, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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15
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Sun T, Liang X, Xu X, Wang L, Xiao W, Ma Y, Wang R, Gu Y, Li S, Qiu Y, Sun D, Xu H, Lei P. In vitro digestion and fecal fermentation of basidiospore-derived exopolysaccharides from Naematelia aurantialba. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129756. [PMID: 38286376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides exhibit numerous health-enhancing attributes that are intricately linked to the breakdown, assimilation, and exploitation of polysaccharides within the organism. Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides (NAPS-A), highly prized polysaccharides derived from mushrooms, remain shrouded in uncertainty regarding their characteristics pertaining to gastrointestinal digestion and gut microbial fermentation. The study aimed to understand the digestion and fecal fermentation patterns of NAPS-A. After simulated digestion, NAPS-A's physicochemical properties remained unchanged. However, during in vitro fecal fermentation, indigestible NAPS-A underwent significant changes in various properties, such as reducing sugar, chemical composition, constituent monosaccharides, Molecular weight, apparent viscosity, FT-IR spectra, and microscopic morphology. Notably, NAPS-A was effectively utilized by the gut microbiota, with unchanged properties after digestion but altered after fermentation. It influenced gut microbe composition by increasing beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Roseburia), lowering pH, and producing short-chain fatty acids. NAPS-A fermentation enriches carbohydrate, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolic pathways through PICRUSt prediction analysis. Overall, these findings emphasize NAPS-A's role in regulating gut bacteria and their metabolic functions, despite its challenging digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoning Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Linhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuhang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dafeng Sun
- Kunming Edible Fungi Institute of All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Nogueira-de-Almeida CA, Weffort VRS, Ued FDV, Ferraz IS, Contini AA, Martinez EZ, Ciampo LAD. What causes obesity in children and adolescents? J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100 Suppl 1:S48-S56. [PMID: 37918812 PMCID: PMC10960191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present the different aspects that may be involved in the genesis and maintenance of obesity in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE Narrative review of articles published in the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, using the search terms: overweight, obesity, pre-conception, prenatal, infants, schoolchildren, children, and adolescents. The search was conducted in studies written in Portuguese, English and Spanish, including narrative, integrative or systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies, published between 2003 and 2023. DATA SYNTHESIS A total of 598 studies were initially screened and 60 of them, which showed the main biopsychosocial aspects related to greater risks of excessive adiposity in the pediatric age, were included in the review. The data were presented taking into account the incidence of risk factors and their consequences in six periods: pre-conception, pre-natal, infant, preschool, school age, and adolescence. CONCLUSIONS The causal factors described in the scientific literature that have been shown to be related to obesity in childhood and adolescence are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fábio da V Ued
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivan S Ferraz
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Puericultura e Pediatria, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea A Contini
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Social, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Del Ciampo
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Puericultura e Pediatria, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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17
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Huang Y, Huang X, Wang Z, He F, Huang Z, Chen C, Tang B, Qin M, Wu Y, Long C, Tang W, Mo X, Liu J. Analysis of differences in intestinal flora associated with different BMI status in colorectal cancer patients. J Transl Med 2024; 22:142. [PMID: 38331839 PMCID: PMC10854193 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight is known to be an important risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and the differences in intestinal flora among CRC patients with different BMI status have not been clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the differences in the abundance, composition and biological function of intestinal flora in CRC patients with different BMI status. METHOD A total of 170 CRC patients were included and grouped according to the BMI data of CRC patients. BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 was defined as overweight group, and BMI within the range of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2 was defined as normal weight group. Preoperative stool collection of patients in both groups was used for 16S rRNA sequencing. Total RNA was extracted from 17 CRC tumor tissue samples for transcriptome sequencing, and then CIBERSORT algorithm was used to convert the transcriptome data into the relative content matrix of 22 kinds of immune cells, and the correlation between different intestinal flora and immune cells and immune-related genes under different BMI states was analyzed. Finally, we identified BMI-related differential functional pathways and analyzed the correlation between these pathways and differential intestinal flora. RESULT There was no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity analysis between overweight group and normal weight group. Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) could divide the flora into two different clusters according to BMI stratification. A total of 33 BMI-related differential flora were identified by linear discriminant effect size analysis (LEfSe), among which Actinomyces, Desulfovibrio and Bacteroides were significantly enriched in overweight group. ko00514: Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis are significantly enriched in overweight group. There was a significant positive correlation between Clostridium IV and Macrophages M2 and T cells regulatory (Tregs). There was a significant negative correlation with Dendritic cells activated and T cells CD4 memory activated. CONCLUSIONS The richness and diversity of intestinal flora of CRC patients may be related to different BMI status, and the enrichment of Actinomyces, Desulphurvibrio and Bacteroides may be related to overweight status of CRC patients. The tumor microenvironment in which BMI-related differential flora resides has different immune landscapes, suggesting that some intestinal flora may affect the biological process of CRC by regulating immune cell infiltration and immune gene expression, but further experiments are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Huang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhai He
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigui Huang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbin Chen
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Binzhe Tang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjian Qin
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhi Wu
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyan Long
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Tang
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jungang Liu
- Division of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Luo Y, Jin Y, Wang H, Wang G, Lin Y, Chen H, Li X, Wang M. Effects of Clostridium tyrobutyricum on Lipid Metabolism, Intestinal Barrier Function, and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:493. [PMID: 38398817 PMCID: PMC10893108 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications constitute a main threat to global human health. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the influences of Clostridium tyrobutyricum (Ct) on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal microbiome in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). After establishing the obesity model, 107 CFU/mL and 108 CFU/mL C. tyrobutyricum were used to intervene in HFD-fed mice by gavage for six weeks, and indexes related to obesity were measured. In the liver of HFD-fed mice, the results revealed that C. tyrobutyricum reduced liver weight and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), along with decreasing red lipid droplets and fat vacuoles. After C. tyrobutyricum intervention, the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was downregulated, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were upregulated in the liver. Additionally, C. tyrobutyricum alleviated intestinal morphology injury caused by HFD, decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in the colon, and upregulated tight junction protein expression. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that C. tyrobutyricum increases the diversity of intestinal microbiota. Overall, C. tyrobutyricum improved HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders, preserved the intestinal barrier's integrity, and modulated the structure of the intestinal microbiome. These findings provide a novel insight into the role of C. tyrobutyricum as a probiotic in regulating lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Minqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (G.W.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (X.L.)
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19
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Liang C, Niu HY, Lyu LZ, Wu YF, Zhang LW. Profiles of Intestinal Flora in Breastfed Obese Children and Selecting Functional Strains Against Obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300735. [PMID: 38227364 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Breast milk has the potential to prevent childhood obesity by providing probiotics, but there are still instances of obesity in breastfed children. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigates the difference in intestinal flora structure between breastfed children with obesity (OB-BF) and normal-weight breastfed children (N-BF). Building upon this foundation, it employs both cell and mouse models to identify an antiobesity strain within the fecal matter of N-BF children and explore its underlying mechanisms. The results reveal a reduction in lactobacillus levels within the intestinal flora of OB-BF children compared to N-BF children. Consequently, Lactobacillus plantarum H-72 (H-72) is identified as a promising candidate due to its capacity to stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in enteroendocrine cells (ECCs). In vivo, H-72 effectively increases serum GLP-1 concentration, reduces food intake, regulates the expression of genes related to energy metabolism (SCD-1, FAS, UCP-1, and UCP-3), and regulates gut microbiota structure in mice. Moreover, the lipoteichoic acid of H-72 activates toll-like receptor 4 to enhanced GLP-1 secretion in STC-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS L. plantarum H-72 is screened out for its potential antiobesity effect, which presents a potential and promising avenue for future interventions aimed at preventing pediatric obesity in breastfed children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266510, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Hai-Yue Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Lin-Zheng Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Lan-Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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20
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Lee J, Park JS. The gut microbiome predicts response to UDCA/CDCA treatment in gallstone patients: comparison of responders and non-responders. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2534. [PMID: 38291113 PMCID: PMC10828362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of gallbladder (GB) stones depends on condition severity. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) are commonly used to treat GB stones, but the factors affecting response rates have not been fully identified. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between response to UDCA/CDCA treatment and changes in the gut microbiomes of patients with GB stones with the intention of identifying gut microbiomes that predict susceptibility to UDCA/CDCA treatment and treatment response. In this preliminary, prospective study, 13 patients with GB stones were treated with UDCA/CDCA for 6 months. Patients were classified into responder and non-responder groups based on treatment outcomes. Gut microbiomes were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Taxonomic compositions and abundances of bacterial communities were analyzed before and after UDCA/CDCA treatment. Alpha and beta diversities were used to assess similarities between organismal compositions. In addition, PICRUSt2 analysis was conducted to identify gut microbial functional pathways. Thirteen patients completed the treatment; 8 (62%) were assigned to the responder group and the remainder to the non-responder group. Low abundances of the Erysipelotrichi lineage were significantly associated with favorable response to UDCA/CDCA treatment, whereas high abundances of Firmicutes phylum indicated no or poor response. Our results suggest that a low abundance of the Erysipelotrichi lineage is significantly associated with a favorable response to UDCA/CDCA and that a high abundance of Firmicutes phylum is indicative of no or poor response. These findings suggest that some gut microbiomes are susceptible to UDCA/CDCA treatment and could be used to predict treatment response in patients with GB stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungnam Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center, Shihwa Medical Center, 381, Gunjacheon-ro, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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21
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Luqman A, Hassan A, Ullah M, Naseem S, Ullah M, Zhang L, Din AU, Ullah K, Ahmad W, Wang G. Role of the intestinal microbiome and its therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular disorder. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321395. [PMID: 38343539 PMCID: PMC10853344 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a heterogeneous population of microbes comprising viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. Such a microbiome is essential for sustaining host equilibrium, and its impact on human health can be altered by a variety of factors such as external variables, social behavior, age, nutrition, and genetics. Gut microbes' imbalances are related to a variety of chronic diseases including cancer, obesity, and digestive disorders. Globally, recent findings show that intestinal microbes have a significant role in the formation of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is still the primary cause of fatalities. Atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, inflammation, and some inherited variables are all cardiovascular risk variables. However, studies found correlations between metabolism, intestinal flora, and dietary intake. Variations in the diversity of gut microbes and changes in their activity are thought to influence CVD etiology. Furthermore, the gut microbiota acts as an endocrine organ, producing bioactive metabolites such as TMA (trimethylamine)/TMAO (trimethylamine N-oxide), SCFA (short-chain fatty acids), and bile acids, which have a substantial impact on host wellness and disease by multiple mechanisms. The purpose of this overview is to compile current evidence highlighting the intricate links between gut microbiota, metabolites, and the development of CVD. It focuses on how intestinal dysbiosis promotes CVD risk factors such as heart failure, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. This review explores the normal physiology of intestinal microbes and potential techniques for targeting gut bacteria for CVD treatment using various microbial metabolites. It also examines the significance of gut bacteria in disease treatment, including supplements, prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotic therapies, and fecal transplantation, which is an innovative approach to the management of CVD. As a result, gut bacteria and metabolic pathways become increasingly attractive as potential targets for CVD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Luqman
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratories, Chongqing, China
| | - Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratories, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Mehtab Ullah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sahar Naseem
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mehraj Ullah
- School of Fermentation Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Kamran Ullah
- Department of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratories, Chongqing, China
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22
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Xia Y, Li Z, Wang C, Zhang X, Li J, Zhou Q, Yang J, Chen Q, Meng X, Wang J. Dynamic alterations of locomotor activity and the microbiota in zebrafish larvae with low concentrations of lead exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2042-2052. [PMID: 38051486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31279-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a ubiquitous heavy metal associated with developmental and behavioral disorders. The establishment of pioneer microbiota overlaps with the development of the brain during early life, and Pb-induced developmental neurotoxicity may be partially caused by early-life microbiota dysbiosis. This study investigated the locomotor activity and the microbiota in developing zebrafish at multiple developmental time points (five days post fertilization [5 dpf], 6 dpf, and 7 dpf) under exposure to low concentrations of lead (0.05 mg/L). Time-dependent reductions in the number of activities and the average movement distance of larvae compared to the control were observed following Pb exposure. Furthermore, Pb exposure significantly altered the composition of the gut microbiota of zebrafish larvae. At the phylum level, the abundance of Proteobacteria decreased from 5 to 7 dpf, while that of Actinobacteria increased in the control groups. At the class level, the proportion of Alphaproteobacteria decreased, while that of Actinobacteria increased in the control groups. Notably, all showed the opposite trend in Pb groups. A correlation analysis between indices of locomotor activity and microbial communities revealed genus-level features that were clearly linked to the neurobehavioral performance of zebrafish. Seven genera were significantly correlated with the two performance indicators of the locomotion analysis, namely Rhodococcus, Deinococcus, Bacillus, Bosea, Bradyrhizobium, Staphylococcus, and Rhizobium. Rhizobium was dominant in zebrafish and increased in the Pb groups in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the expression levels of bdnf, trkb1, trkb2, and p75ntr changed in zebrafish from 5 to 7 dpf under Pb exposure. Collectively, these results suggest that Pb-induced neurotoxicity could potentially be treated by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshun Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Jianghaidadao, Guangzhou, 283, Guangdong, China.
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23
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Wen J, Yao X, Geng S, Zhu L, Jiang H, Hu L. Urinary antibiotic levels and risk of overweight/obesity in preschool children: A biomonitoring-based study from eastern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115733. [PMID: 38016193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
There is limited evidence linking antibiotic exposure, particularly from contaminated food or drinking water, to childhood obesity. The study aimed to investigate the association between urinary antibiotic levels and overweight/obesity in preschool children. In the case-control study, 121 overweight/obese preschoolers and 242 controls (aged 3-6 years) from eastern China were enrolled in 2022 based on age, sex, and study site matching. Overweight/obesity was determined using body mass index (BMI) and weight for height (WFH) criteria derived from national data. A total of 50 antibiotics from 8 categories were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). We identified major dietary patterns using principal component analysis (PCA) and examined the associations of antibiotic exposure with childhood overweight/obesity using multivariate logistic regression. Twenty-four individual antibiotics were detected in more than 10 % of the samples, and overall detection rates were up to 100 %. Overweight/obese children had a higher exposure to veterinary antibiotics (VAs) than normal weight children. PCA analysis showed that children who were overweight/obese had higher scores of "Aquatic products preferred dietary pattern" and "Cereals preferred dietary pattern" compared to children with normal weight. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that exposure to elevated levels of deoxytetracycline (OR: 1.72; 95 %CI: 1.00-2.93) and quinolones (OR: 1.63; 95 %CI: 1.04-2.57) was significantly related to an increased risk of BMI-based overweight/obesity. Quinolones exposure was also significantly associated with WFH-based overweight/obesity, primarily in boys. After adjustment for all covariates, higher exposure to ofloxacin (of the quinolones) was significantly related to overweight/obesity in girls. Exposure to certain antibiotics, especially quinolones, may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in preschoolers. More prospective, well-designed studies are needed to clarify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, PR China
| | - Xiaodie Yao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, PR China
| | - Shijie Geng
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, PR China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, PR China.
| | - Lingmin Hu
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, PR China.
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24
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Rahman MN, Barua N, Tin MC, Dharmaratne P, Wong SH, Ip M. The use of probiotics and prebiotics in decolonizing pathogenic bacteria from the gut; a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2356279. [PMID: 38778521 PMCID: PMC11123511 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2356279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated exposure to antibiotics and changes in the diet and environment shift the gut microbial diversity and composition, making the host susceptible to pathogenic infection. The emergence and ongoing spread of AMR pathogens is a challenging public health issue. Recent evidence showed that probiotics and prebiotics may play a role in decolonizing drug-resistant pathogens by enhancing the colonization resistance in the gut. This review aims to analyze available evidence from human-controlled trials to determine the effect size of probiotic interventions in decolonizing AMR pathogenic bacteria from the gut. We further studied the effects of prebiotics in human and animal studies. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were used to collect articles. The random-effects model meta-analysis was used to pool the data. GRADE Pro and Cochrane collaboration tools were used to assess the bias and quality of evidence. Out of 1395 citations, 29 RCTs were eligible, involving 2871 subjects who underwent either probiotics or placebo treatment to decolonize AMR pathogens. The persistence of pathogenic bacteria after treatment was 22%(probiotics) and 30.8%(placebo). The pooled odds ratio was 0.59(95% CI:0.43-0.81), favoring probiotics with moderate certainty (p = 0.0001) and low heterogeneity (I2 = 49.2%, p = 0.0001). The funnel plot showed no asymmetry in the study distribution (Kendall'sTau = -1.06, p = 0.445). In subgroup, C. difficile showed the highest decolonization (82.4%) in probiotics group. Lactobacillus-based probiotics and Saccharomyces boulardii decolonize 71% and 77% of pathogens effectively. The types of probiotics (p < 0.018) and pathogens (p < 0.02) significantly moderate the outcome of decolonization, whereas the dosages and regions of the studies were insignificant (p < 0.05). Prebiotics reduced the pathogens from 30% to 80% of initial challenges. Moderate certainty of evidence suggests that probiotics and prebiotics may decolonize pathogens through modulation of gut diversity. However, more clinical outcomes are required on particular strains to confirm the decolonization of the pathogens. Protocol registration: PROSPERO (ID = CRD42021276045).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nannur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Nilakshi Barua
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Martha C.F. Tin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Priyanga Dharmaratne
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong (SAR), China
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25
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Portincasa P, Khalil M, Graziani A, Frühbeck G, Baffy G, Garruti G, Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L. Gut microbes in metabolic disturbances. Promising role for therapeutic manipulations? Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:13-30. [PMID: 37802720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and steatotic liver disease is rapidly increasing worldwide with a huge economic burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several genetic and environmental factors are involved in the onset and development of metabolic disorders and related complications. A critical role also exists for the gut microbiota, a complex polymicrobial ecology at the interface of the internal and external environment. The gut microbiota contributes to food digestion and transformation, caloric intake, and immune response of the host, keeping the homeostatic control in health. Mechanisms of disease include enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability and translocation of bacterial metabolites which activate a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, as precursors of tangible metabolic disorders involving glucose and lipid homeostasis. The ultimate causative role of gut microbiota in this respect remains to be elucidated, as well as the therapeutic value of manipulating the gut microbiota by diet, pre- and pro- synbiotics, or fecal microbial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Annarita Graziani
- Institut AllergoSan Pharmazeutische Produkte Forschungs- und Vertriebs GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gyorgy Baffy
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
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26
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Abstract
Obesity has been recognized to be increasing globally and is designated a disease with adverse consequences requiring early detection and appropriate care. In addition to being related to metabolic syndrome disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and premature coronary artery disease. Obesity is also etiologically linked to several cancers. The non-gastrointestinal cancers are breast, uterus, kidneys, ovaries, thyroid, meningioma, and thyroid. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and colorectal. The brighter side of the problem is that being overweight and obese and cigarette smoking are mostly preventable causes of cancers. Epidemiology and clinical studies have revealed that obesity is heterogeneous in clinical manifestations. In clinical practice, BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of the person's height in square meters (kg/m2). A BMI above 30 kg/m2 (defining obesity in many guidelines) is considered obesity. However, obesity is heterogeneous. There are subdivisions for obesity, and not all obesities are equally pathogenic. Adipose tissue, in particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is endocrine and abdominal obesity (a surrogate for VAT) is evaluated by waist-hip measurements or just waist measures. Visceral Obesity, through several hormonal mechanisms, induces a low-grade chronic inflammatory state, insulin resistance, components of metabolic syndrome, and cancers. Metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW) individuals in several Asian countries may have BMI below normal levels to diagnose obesity but suffer from many obesity-related complications. Conversely, some people have high BMI but are generally healthy with no features of metabolic syndrome. Many clinicians advise weight loss by dieting and exercise to metabolically healthy obese with large body habitus than to individuals with metabolic obesity but normal BMI. The GI cancers (esophagus, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, and colorectal) are individually discussed, emphasizing the incidence, possible pathogenesis, and preventive measures. From 2005 to 2014, most cancers associated with overweight and Obesity increased in the United States, while cancers related to other factors decreased. The standard recommendation is to offer or refer adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions. However, the clinicians have to go beyond. They should critically evaluate BMI with due consideration for ethnicity, body habitus, and other factors that influence the type of obesity and obesity-related risks. In 2001, the Surgeon General's ``Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity'' identified obesity as a critical public health priority for the United States. At government levels reducing obesity requires policy changes that improve the food and physical activity for all. However, implementing some policies with the most significant potential benefit to public health is politically tricky. The primary care physician, as well as subspecialists, should identify overweight and Obesity based on all the variable factors in the diagnosis. The medical community should address the prevention of overweight and Obesity as an essential part of medical care as much as vaccination in preventing infectious diseases at all levels- from childhood, to adolescence, and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zou
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Capecomorin S Pitchumoni
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, 125 Andover DR, Kendall Park, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Ji Y, Hu B, Wang Y, Dong G, Zhang C, Yu D. Glycerol tributylate (Triacylglycerol tributanoate) promoted the liver lipid metabolism by cultivating the intestinal flora of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:1479-1488. [PMID: 38051409 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of glycerol tributyrin (TB) (Triacylglycerol tributanoate) on the regulation of liver lipid metabolism by intestinal flora of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). The compound feed with soybean oil 2.8% + fish oil 1.8%, soybean oil 6.3% + fish oil 1.8%, and soybean oil 6.2% + fish oil 1.8% + TB 0.1% was added to the basal diet as a fat source and fed to the basal (control) group, high lipid (HL) group, and tributyrin (TB) group for 12 weeks. We tested the growth performance, fat content, diversity, and abundance of gut flora and other related indexes of grass carp by Soxhlet extraction, liver tissue enzyme activity, oil red O staining, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the liver fat number and liver fat content of grass carp in the TB group were lower than those in the HL group, while the fattening degree was significantly higher than those in the other two groups; according to the indices such as Shannon, Ace, and Coverage, it was found that the grass carp in the TB group had the highest abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora; at the portal level, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were the main dominant flora in the TB group, with the number of unique OUTs accounting for about 59. 9% of the total number measured; at the genus level, the relative abundance of lipase-producing, short-chain fatty acid-associated bacteria, such as Bacillus-Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Thus, we conclude that the addition of TB to high-fat diets can alter the structure of the intestinal microbial community and promote hepatic lipid metabolism in grass carp. TB can alleviate fatty liver in grass carp by increasing the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. Meanwhile, TB inhibits the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids in the host, which can block intestinal FXR signaling and the hepatic FXR-SHP pathway, thus slowing down fat synthesis and alleviating the accumulation of liver lipids in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ji
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed, Fuqing, 350000, China
| | - Youzhen Wang
- Agricultural Research Institute of Dongxi Hu, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Guifang Dong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
| | - Denghang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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Cecchini L, Barmaz C, Cea MJC, Baeschlin H, Etter J, Netzer S, Bregy L, Marchukov D, Trigo NF, Meier R, Hirschi J, Wyss J, Wick A, Zingg J, Christensen S, Radan AP, Etter A, Müller M, Kaess M, Surbek D, Yilmaz B, Macpherson AJ, Sokollik C, Misselwitz B, Ganal-Vonarburg SC. The Bern Birth Cohort (BeBiCo) to study the development of the infant intestinal microbiota in a high-resource setting in Switzerland: rationale, design, and methods. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:560. [PMID: 37946167 PMCID: PMC10637001 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiota composition is fundamental to human health with the intestinal microbiota undergoing critical changes within the first two years of life. The developing intestinal microbiota is shaped by maternal seeding, breast milk and its complex constituents, other nutrients, and the environment. Understanding microbiota-dependent pathologies requires a profound understanding of the early development of the healthy infant microbiota. METHODS Two hundred and fifty healthy pregnant women (≥20 weeks of gestation) from the greater Bern area will be enrolled at Bern University hospital's maternity department. Participants will be followed as mother-baby pairs at delivery, week(s) 1, 2, 6, 10, 14, 24, 36, 48, 96, and at years 5 and 10 after birth. Clinical parameters describing infant growth and development, morbidity, and allergic conditions as well as socio-economic, nutritional, and epidemiological data will be documented. Neuro-developmental outcomes and behavior will be assessed by child behavior checklists at and beyond 2 years of age. Maternal stool, milk, skin and vaginal swabs, infant stool, and skin swabs will be collected at enrolment and at follow-up visits. For the primary outcome, the trajectory of the infant intestinal microbiota will be characterized by 16S and metagenomic sequencing regarding composition, metabolic potential, and stability during the first 2 years of life. Secondary outcomes will assess the cellular and chemical composition of maternal milk, the impact of nutrition and environment on microbiota development, the maternal microbiome transfer at vaginal or caesarean birth and thereafter on the infant, and correlate parameters of microbiota and maternal milk on infant growth, development, health, and mental well-being. DISCUSSION The Bern birth cohort study will provide a detailed description and normal ranges of the trajectory of microbiota maturation in a high-resource setting. These data will be compared to data from low-resource settings such as from the Zimbabwe-College of Health-Sciences-Birth-Cohort study. Prospective bio-sampling and data collection will allow studying the association of the microbiota with common childhood conditions concerning allergies, obesity, neuro-developmental outcomes , and behaviour. Trial registration The trial has been registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov , Identifier: NCT04447742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cecchini
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Colette Barmaz
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria José Coloma Cea
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Baeschlin
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julian Etter
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Netzer
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leonie Bregy
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dmitrij Marchukov
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nerea Fernandez Trigo
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Meier
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Hirschi
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Wyss
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrina Wick
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joelle Zingg
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Christensen
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anda-Petronela Radan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annina Etter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Müller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kaess
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bolligenstrasse 111, Haus A, 3000, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Surbek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 19, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Sokollik
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Misselwitz
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie C Ganal-Vonarburg
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstr. 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Luo Y, Zhang M, Huang S, Deng G, Chen H, Lu M, Zhang G, Chen L. Effects of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate exposure on gut microbiome using the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139969. [PMID: 37634589 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) has been widely used, and its health risk has received increasing attention. However, the rare research has been conducted on the effects of TCEP exposure on changes in the structure of the human gut microbiome and metabolic functions. In this experiment, Simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME) was applied to explore the influences of TCEP on the human gut bacteria community and structure. The results obtained from high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene have clearly revealed differences among control and exposure groups. High-dose TCEP exposure increased the Shannon and Simpson indexes in the results of α-diversity of the gut microbiome. At phylum level, Firmicutes occupied a higher proportion of gut microbiota, while the proportion of Bacteroidetes decreased. In the genus-level analysis, the relative abundance of Bacteroides descended with the TCEP exposure dose increased in the ascending colon, while the abundances of Roseburia, Lachnospira, Coprococcus and Lachnoclostridium were obviously correlated with exposure dose in each colon. The results of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) showed a remarkable effect on the distribution after TCEP exposure. In the ascending colon, the control group had the highest acetate concentration (1.666 ± 0.085 mg⋅mL-1), while acetate concentrations in lose-dose medium-dose and high-doseTCEP exposure groups were 1.119 ± 0.084 mg⋅mL-1, 0.437 ± 0.053 mg⋅mL-1 and 0.548 ± 0.106 mg⋅mL-1, respectively. TCEP exposure resulted in a decrease in acetate and propionate concentrations, while increasing butyrate concentrations in each colon. Dorea, Fusicatenibacter, Kineothrix, Lachnospira, and Roseburia showed an increasing tendency in abundance under TCEP exposure, while they had a negatively correlation with acetate and propionate concentrations and positively related with butyrate concentrations. Overall, this study confirms that TCEP exposure alters both the composition and metabolic function of intestinal microbial communities, to arouse public concern about its negative health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasong Luo
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Mai Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuyang Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guanhua Deng
- Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Tianqiang St., Huangpu West Ave., Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510620, China
| | - Huashan Chen
- Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Mingmin Lu
- Guoke (Foshan) Testing and Certification Co., Ltd, Foshan, 528299, China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lingyun Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Cao F, Pan F, Gong X, Wang W, Xu Y, Cao P, Wang Y. Causal relationship between gut microbiota with subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1285982. [PMID: 38029216 PMCID: PMC10644100 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1285982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have revealed associations between gut microbiota and adipose tissue. However, the specific functional bacterial taxa and their causal relationships with adipose tissue production in different regions of the body remain unclear. Methods We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study using aggregated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for gut microbiota and adipose tissue. We employed methods such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode to assess the causal relationships between gut microbiota and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) as well as visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger regression intercept analysis, and MR-PRESSO were used to test for heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and outliers of the instrumental variables, respectively. Reverse MR was employed to evaluate the reverse causal relationships between SAT, VAT, and gut microbiota with significant associations. Results IVW results demonstrated that Betaproteobacteria were protective factors for SAT production (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.96, p = 0.005) and VAT production (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83-0.99, p = 0.030). Various bacterial taxa including Ruminococcaceae UCG002 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, p = 0.017), Methanobacteria class (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-1.00, p = 0.029), and Burkholderiales (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.98, p = 0.012) were associated only with decreased SAT production. Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10, p = 0.005), Eubacterium hallii group (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15, p = 0.028), Peptococcaceae (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17, p = 0.034), and Peptococcus (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.10, p = 0.047) were risk factors for SAT production. Meanwhile, Eubacterium fissicatena group (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99, p = 0.019), Turicibacter (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99, p = 0.022), and Defluviitaleaceae UCG011 (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, p = 0.024) were protective factors for VAT production. Furthermore, Bacteroidetes (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17, p = 0.018), Eubacterium eligens group (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19, p = 0.037), Alloprevotella (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.10, p = 0.038), and Phascolarctobacterium (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00-1.15, p = 0.042) were associated with VAT accumulation. Additionally, reverse MR revealed significant associations between SAT, VAT, and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group (IVW: OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18-2.09, p = 0.002) as well as Betaproteobacteria (IVW: OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.29, p = 0.029), both acting as risk factors. Sensitivity analyzes during bidirectional MR did not identify heterogeneity or pleiotropy. Conclusion This study unveils complex causal relationships between gut microbiota and SAT/VAT, providing novel insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of General Practice, Anqing Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anqing, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pengwei Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Zheng Y, Bonfili L, Wei T, Eleuteri AM. Understanding the Gut-Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:4631. [PMID: 37960284 PMCID: PMC10648099 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, and endocrine communication pathways between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS). Perturbations of the GBA have been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others, suggesting a possible role in disease pathogenesis. The gut microbiota is a pivotal component of the GBA, and alterations in its composition, known as gut dysbiosis, have been associated with GBA dysfunction and neurodegeneration. The gut microbiota might influence the homeostasis of the CNS by modulating the immune system and, more directly, regulating the production of molecules and metabolites that influence the nervous and endocrine systems, making it a potential therapeutic target. Preclinical trials manipulating microbial composition through dietary intervention, probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) have provided promising outcomes. However, its clear mechanism is not well understood, and the results are not always consistent. Here, we provide an overview of the major components and communication pathways of the GBA, as well as therapeutic approaches targeting the GBA to ameliorate NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zheng
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (Y.Z.); (L.B.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Laura Bonfili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (Y.Z.); (L.B.)
| | - Tao Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (Y.Z.); (L.B.)
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Borka Balas R, Meliț LE, Lupu A, Lupu VV, Mărginean CO. Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics-A Research Hotspot for Pediatric Obesity. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2651. [PMID: 38004665 PMCID: PMC10672778 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a major public health problem worldwide with an increasing prevalence, associated not only with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but also with psychosocial problems. Gut microbiota is a new factor in childhood obesity, which can modulate the blood lipopolysaccharide levels, the satiety, and fat distribution, and can ensure additional calories to the host. The aim of this review was to assess the differences and the impact of the gut microbial composition on several obesity-related complications such as metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, or insulin resistance. Early dysbiosis was proven to be associated with an increased predisposition to obesity. Depending on the predominant species, the gut microbiota might have either a positive or negative impact on the development of obesity. Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics were suggested to have a positive effect on improving the gut microbiota and reducing cardio-metabolic risk factors. The results of clinical trials regarding probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic administration in children with metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, and insulin resistance are controversial. Some of them (Lactobacillus rhamnosus bv-77, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Bifidobacterium animalis) were proven to reduce the body mass index in obese children, and also improve the blood lipid content; others (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Enterococcus faecium, and fructo-oligosaccharides) failed in proving any effect on lipid parameters and glucose metabolism. Further studies are necessary for understanding the mechanism of the gut microbiota in childhood obesity and for developing low-cost effective strategies for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka Borka Balas
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (R.B.B.); (C.O.M.)
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (R.B.B.); (C.O.M.)
| | - Ancuța Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iași, Universității Street No 16, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.L.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iași, Universității Street No 16, 700115 Iași, Romania; (A.L.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (R.B.B.); (C.O.M.)
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Chu Z, Hu Z, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Yang F, Luo F. Targeting gut-liver axis by dietary lignans ameliorate obesity: evidences and mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37870876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2272269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance between energy consumption and energy expenditure causes obesity. It is characterized by increased adipose accumulation and accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation. Many studies have suggested that the gut microbiota of the host mediates the relationship between high-fat diet consumption and the development of obesity. Diet and nutrition of the body are heavily influenced by gut microbiota. The alterations in the microbiota in the gut may have effects on the homeostasis of the host's energy levels, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The liver is an important organ for fat metabolism and gut-liver axis play important role in the fat metabolism. Gut-liver axis is a bidirectional relationship between the gut and its microbiota and the liver. As essential plant components, lignans have been shown to have different biological functions. Accumulating evidences have suggested that lignans may have lipid-lowering properties. Lignans can regulate the level of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in the host, thereby affecting signaling pathways related to fat synthesis and metabolism. These signaling pathways can make a difference in inhibiting fat accumulation, accelerating energy metabolism, affecting appetite, and inhibiting chronic inflammation. It will provide the groundwork for future studies on the lipid-lowering impact of lignans and the creation of functional meals based on those findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Chu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Zeng B, Chen L, Kong F, Zhang C, Chen L, Qi X, Chai J, Jin L, Li M. Dynamic changes of fecal microbiota in a weight-change model of Bama minipigs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1239847. [PMID: 37928663 PMCID: PMC10623433 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1239847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is closely related to gut microbiota, however, the dynamic change of microbial diversity and composition during the occurrence and development process of obesity is not clear. Methods A weight-change model of adult Bama pig (2 years, 58 individuals) was established, and weight gain (27 weeks) and weight loss (9 weeks) treatments were implemented. The diversity and community structures of fecal microbiota (418 samples) was investigated by using 16S rRNA (V3-V4) high-throughput sequencing. Results During the weight gain period (1~27 week), the alpha diversity of fecal microbiota exhibited a "down-up-down" fluctuations, initially decreasing, recovering in the mid-term, and decreasing again in the later stage. Beta diversity also significantly changed over time, indicating a gradual deviation of the microbiota composition from the initial time point. Bacteroides, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Escherichia-Shigella showed positive correlations with weight gain, while Streptococcus, Oscillospira, and Prevotellaceae UCG-001 exhibited negative correlations. In the weight loss period (30~38 week), the alpha diversity further decreased, and the composition structure underwent significant changes compared to the weight gain period. Christensenellaceae R-7 group demonstrated a significant increase during weight loss and showed a negative correlation with body weight. Porphyromonas and Campylobacter were positively correlated with weight loss. Discussion Both long-term fattening and weight loss induced by starvation led to substantial alterations in porcine gut microbiota, and the microbiota changes observed during weight gain could not be recovered during weight loss. This work provides valuable resources for both obesity-related research of human and microbiota of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanli Kong
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Jin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Lane JM, Wright RO, Eggers S. The interconnection between obesity and executive function in adolescence: The role of the gut microbiome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105337. [PMID: 37524139 PMCID: PMC10592180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, adolescent obesity is a growing epidemic associated with maladaptive executive functioning. Likewise, data link the microbiome to obesity. Emerging microbiome research has demonstrated an interconnection between the gut microbiome and the brain, indicating a bidirectional communication system within the gut-microbiome-brain axis in the pathophysiology of obesity. This narrative review identifies and summarizes relevant research connecting adolescent obesity as it relates to three core domains of executive functioning and the contribution of the gut microbiome in the relationship between obesity and executive functions in adolescence. The review suggests that (1) the interconnection between obesity, executive function, and the gut microbiome is a bidirectional connection, and (2) the gut microbiome may mediate the neurobiological pathways between obesity and executive function deficits. The findings of this review provide valuable insights into obesity-associated executive function deficits and elucidate the possible mediation role of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil M Lane
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA
| | - Shoshannah Eggers
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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He G, Chen T, Huang L, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Liu Q, Yin X, Qu S, Yang C, Wan J, Liang L, Yan J, Liu W. Tibetan tea reduces obesity brought on by a high-fat diet and modulates gut flora in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6582-6595. [PMID: 37823111 PMCID: PMC10563754 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that Tibetan tea (TT) inhibits obesity and controls lipid metabolism. The fundamental processes by which TT prevents obesity are yet entirely unknown. Consequently, this research aimed to ascertain if TT may prevent obesity by modifying the gut flora. Our research demonstrated that TT prevented mice from gaining weight and accumulating fat due to the high-fat diet (HFD), decreased levels of blood total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and raised levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Adipogenesis-related genes such as acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (ACC1, LOC107476), fatty acid synthase (Fas, LOC14104), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c, LOC20787), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα, LOC12606), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1, LOC20249), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ, LOC19016) had their expression downregulated by lowering the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and controlling the number of certain gut bacteria. TT also alleviated HFD-induced abnormalities of the gut microbiota. The Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136_group, Alistipes, and Odoribacter families were identified as the major beneficial gut microorganisms using Spearman's correlation analysis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrated that TT's anti-obesity and gut microbiota-modulating benefits might be transmitted to mice on an HFD, demonstrating that one of TT's targets for preventing obesity is the gut microbiota. TT also increased the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces, including acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. These results indicate the possible development of TT as a prebiotic to combat obesity and associated disorders. These results suggest that TT may act as a prebiotic against obesity and its associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tangcong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lifen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yanjiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaojing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shaokui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jianghong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
- Sichuan Jiang's Tibetan Tea Co., LTDYa'anChina
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education DepartmentSichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu UniversityChengduChina
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Amini Khiabani S, Haghighat S, Tayebi Khosroshahi H, Asgharzadeh M, Samadi Kafil H. Diversity of Bacteroidaceae family in gut microbiota of patients with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Health Promot Perspect 2023; 13:237-242. [PMID: 37808937 PMCID: PMC10558969 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human intestine microbiota are known to be directly and indirectly altered during some diseases such as kidney complications. Bacteroides is considered as the main and the most abundant phylum among human gut microbiota, which has been classified as enterotype 1. This study aimed to assess the abundance of Bacteroides spp. in fecal flora of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and compare it with the Bacteroides composition among fecal flora of healthy individual. Methods Fresh fecal samples were collected from 20 CKD/ESRD patients and 20 healthy individual without any kidney complications. The pure microbial DNA was extracted by QIAamp Stool Mini Kit from stool samples. MiSeq system was used to analyze the intestinal composition by next generation sequencing method. Results A number of 651 bacterial strains were isolated and identified from 40 fecal samples of both patients and healthy groups. Bioinformatics analysis defined 18 different types of Bacteroides species which included 2.76% of all strains. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between study groups (P>0.05). In both healthy and patient groups three species including B. dorei, B. uniformis, and B. ovatus have allocated the most abundance to themselves. The lowest abundance was related to B. eggerthii, A. furcosa and B. barnesiae among CKD/ESRD patients and A. furcosa, B. barnesiae, and B. coprocola had the lowest abundance among healthy people. Conclusion This study indicates despite all previous evidence of Bacteroides role in gut microbiota, it had no different distribution between healthy persons and CKD/ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Amini Khiabani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Haghighat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tayebi Khosroshahi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Mishima M, Takeda S, Nagane M, Suzuki T, Ogata M, Shima A, Aihara N, Kamiie J, Suzuki R, Mizugaki H, Okamatsu-Ogura Y, Satoh T, Yamashita T. Prebiotic effect of poly-D-3-hydroxybutyrate prevents dyslipidemia in obese mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23121. [PMID: 37548278 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301191r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem caused by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors and is associated with various health disorders. As such, there is a growing focus on the prevention of obesity and related diseases. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in these diseases and has become a therapeutic target. Prebiotics, such as poly-d-3-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB), have gained attention for their potential to alter the gut microbiota, promote beneficial bacterial growth, and alleviate obesity. In this study, we examined the prebiotic effects of PHB in obese mice. We found that, in C57BL/6N mice, PHB reduced blood lipid levels. Analysis of the intestinal microflora also revealed an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. When PHB was administered to obese mice, subcutaneous fat and dyslipidemia were reduced, and the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal microflora increased. Furthermore, fatty degradation and oxidative stress were suppressed in the liver. PHB regulates gut bacterial changes related to obesity and effectively inhibits dyslipidemia, suggesting that it could be a prebiotic agent for curing various obesity-related diseases. In summary, PHB increases the beneficial gut microbiota, leading to an alleviation of obesity-associated dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Mishima
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shiro Takeda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masaki Nagane
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Takehito Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masaya Ogata
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shima
- Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Aihara
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Junichi Kamiie
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Rimina Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hinano Mizugaki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - Takumi Satoh
- Department of Antiaging Food Research, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Japan
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Sun Y, Song J, Lan X, Ma F, Jiang M, Jiang C. Calcium-Sensitive Receptors Alters Intestinal Microbiota Metabolites Especially SCFAs and Ameliorates Intestinal Barrier Damage in Neonatal Rat Endotoxemia. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5707-5717. [PMID: 37667808 PMCID: PMC10475303 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s420689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) acts as a major modulator of tissue responses related to calcium homeostasis and expresses highly in the mammalian intestine. Endotoxemia tends to impair intestinal barrier function and poses significant obstacles in clinical treatment. This work is designed to decipher whether CaSR can protect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in neonatal rats by targeting intestinal metabolites. Patient and Methods In this study, we utilized gas chromatography (GC) combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to quantitatively analyze SCFAs and metabolites in fecal samples of 24 neonatal rats with LPS induced endotoxemia. Results Our results showed that CaSR alleviated endotoxin damage to the intestinal tight junction structure and upregulated the levels of butyric acid, propionic acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Non-targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that CaSR improved intestinal metabolic disorders by regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, as well as sphingolipids metabolism. Conclusion CaSR can alter intestinal microbiota metabolites, especially SCFAs, and improve intestinal barrier damage in neonatal rat endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Lan
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunming Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children’s Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519060, People’s Republic of China
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Xu Y, Xiong J, Shan S, Wang X, He F, Cheng G. Age-Dependent and Body Composition-Dependent Association of Child Gut Microbial Enterotype With Puberty Timing: A Chinese Cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2363-2370. [PMID: 36840481 PMCID: PMC10438909 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Puberty timing, which is vital for adult well-being, has recently been suggested to be linked to specific gut taxa. However, the impact of comprehensive gut microbiome structure assessed by enterotype on puberty timing remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Investigate the prospective association of gut microbial enterotype with puberty timing and the potential interaction of age and body composition. METHODS This study included 1826 children from the Chinese Adolescent Cohort Study, a cohort that has collected information on sociodemographics, dietary intake, physical activity, anthropometry, and pubertal development of children aged 6-8 years since 2013 and follows them up annually until the age of 15 years. Fecal samples have been collected annually since 2019 and analyzed for 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted fecal metabolomics. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the prospective association of enterotype with puberty timing and the impact of age and body mass index (BMI) sex- and age-independent standard deviation score (SDS). RESULTS 592 (32.4%) and 1234 (67.6%) children belonged to the Prevotella-rich enterotype and the Bacteroides-rich enterotype, respectively. Children with the Bacteroides-rich enterotype experienced their menarche/voice break later than those with the Prevotella enterotype (hazard ratio 0.53, 95% CI 0.28-0.98), P = .02). Moreover, this association was more pronounced among younger children with higher BMI SDS (P for interaction = .006). CONCLUSION Our findings supported a role for gut microbial communities in pubertal development, in which younger children with higher body mass seems more sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Li Y, Liu T, Qin L, Wu L. Effects of probiotic administration on overweight or obese children: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Transl Med 2023; 21:525. [PMID: 37542325 PMCID: PMC10401801 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper aimed to examine the effects of probiotics on eight factors in overweight or obese children by meta-analysis, namely, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and summarize the mechanisms of action of probiotics based on the existing researches. METHODS Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed and CNKI) were searched until March 2023. Review Manager 5.4 was used for meta-analysis. The data were analysed using weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) under a fixed effect model or random effect model to observe the effects of probiotic administration on the included indicators. RESULTS Four publications with a total of 206 overweight or obesity children were included. According to the meta-analysis, probiotics were able to significantly decrease the levels of HDL-C (MD, 0.06; 95% CI 0.03, 0.09; P = 0.0001), LDL-C (MD, - 0.06; 95% CI - 0.12, - 0.00; P = 0.04), adiponectin (MD, 1.39; 95% CI 1.19, 1.59; P < 0.00001), leptin (MD, - 2.72; 95% CI - 2.9, - 2.54; P < 0.00001) and TNF-α (MD, - 4.91; 95% CI - 7.15, - 2.67; P < 0.0001) compared to those in the placebo group. Still, for BMI, the palcebo group seemed to be better than the probiotic group (MD, 0.85; 95% CI 0.04, 1.66; P = 0.04). TC (MD, - 0.05; 95% CI - 0.12, 0.02; P = 0.14) and TG (MD, - 0.16; 95% CI - 0.36, 0.05; P = 0.14) were not different between two groups. CONCLUSIONS This review drew that probiotics might act as a role in regulating HDL-C, LDL-C, adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α in overweight or obesity children. Additionally, our systematic review yielded that probiotics might regulate lipid metabolism and improve obese associated symptoms by some paths. This meta-analysis has been registered at PROSPERO with ID: CRD42023408359.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Hamamah S, Amin A, Al-Kassir AL, Chuang J, Covasa M. Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37571301 PMCID: PMC10421457 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which gut microbiota can influence these satiation signals both locally in the gastrointestinal tract and via microbiota-gut-brain communication. Then, we describe the effects of dietary interventions and associated changes in gut microbiota on satiety signals through microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Lastly, we present microbiota optimizing therapies including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and weight loss surgery that can help restore beneficial gut microbiota by enhancing satiety signals to reduce hyperphagia and subsequent obesity. Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fats induce taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota and their impact on satiation signaling pathways will help develop more targeted therapeutic interventions in delaying the onset of obesity and in furthering its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Arman Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Abdul Latif Al-Kassir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Judith Chuang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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Catumbela CSG, Giridharan VV, Barichello T, Morales R. Clinical evidence of human pathogens implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathology and the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobials: an overview. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:37. [PMID: 37496074 PMCID: PMC10369764 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A wealth of pre-clinical reports and data derived from human subjects and brain autopsies suggest that microbial infections are relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This has inspired the hypothesis that microbial infections increase the risk or even trigger the onset of AD. Multiple models have been developed to explain the increase in pathogenic microbes in AD patients. Although this hypothesis is well accepted in the field, it is not yet clear whether microbial neuroinvasion is a cause of AD or a consequence of the pathological changes experienced by the demented brain. Along the same line, the gut microbiome has also been proposed as a modulator of AD. In this review, we focus on human-based evidence demonstrating the elevated abundance of microbes and microbe-derived molecules in AD hosts as well as their interactions with AD hallmarks. Further, the direct-purpose and potential off-target effects underpinning the efficacy of anti-microbial treatments in AD are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso S G Catumbela
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vijayasree V Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Morales
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 8370993, Santiago, Chile.
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Éliás AJ, Barna V, Patoni C, Demeter D, Veres DS, Bunduc S, Erőss B, Hegyi P, Földvári-Nagy L, Lenti K. Probiotic supplementation during antibiotic treatment is unjustified in maintaining the gut microbiome diversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2023; 21:262. [PMID: 37468916 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are often used to prevent antibiotic-induced low-diversity dysbiosis, however their effect is not yet sufficiently summarized in this regard. We aimed to investigate the effects of concurrent probiotic supplementation on gut microbiome composition during antibiotic therapy. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reporting the differences in gut microbiome diversity between patients on antibiotic therapy with and without concomitant probiotic supplementation. The systematic search was performed in three databases (MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)) without filters on 15 October 2021. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282983). RESULTS Of 11,769 identified articles, 15 were eligible in the systematic review and 5 in the meta-analyses. Quantitative data synthesis for Shannon (MD = 0.23, 95% CI: [(-)0.06-0.51]), Chao1 (MD = 11.59 [(-)18.42-41.60]) and observed OTUs (operational taxonomic unit) (MD = 17.15 [(-)9.43-43.73]) diversity indices revealed no significant difference between probiotic supplemented and control groups. Lacking data prevented meta-analyzing other diversity indices; however, most of the included studies reported no difference in the other reported α- and ß-diversity indices between the groups. Changes in the taxonomic composition varied across the eligible studies but tended to be similar in both groups. However, they showed a potential tendency to restore baseline levels in both groups after 3-8 weeks. This is the first meta-analysis and the most comprehensive review of the topic to date using high quality methods. The limited number of studies and low sample sizes are the main limitations of our study. Moreover, there was high variability across the studies regarding the indication of antibiotic therapy and the type, dose, and duration of antimicrobials and probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that probiotic supplementation during antibiotic therapy was not found to be influential on gut microbiome diversity indices. Defining appropriate microbiome diversity indices, their standard ranges, and their clinical relevance would be crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Júlia Éliás
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Barna
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Cristina Patoni
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dóra Demeter
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Military Hospital Medical Centre, Hungarian Defense Forces, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Sándor Veres
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefania Bunduc
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bálint Erőss
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Földvári-Nagy
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Lenti
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Cuciureanu M, Caratașu CC, Gabrielian L, Frăsinariu OE, Checheriță LE, Trandafir LM, Stanciu GD, Szilagyi A, Pogonea I, Bordeianu G, Soroceanu RP, Andrițoiu CV, Anghel MM, Munteanu D, Cernescu IT, Tamba BI. 360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1119. [PMID: 37374323 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Alarming statistics show that the number of people affected by excessive weight has surpassed 2 billion, representing approximately 30% of the world's population. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of one of the most serious public health problems, considering that obesity requires an integrative approach that takes into account its complex etiology, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Only an understanding of the connections between the many contributors to obesity and the synergy between treatment interventions can ensure satisfactory outcomes in reducing obesity. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated complications. Compounding factors such as the deleterious effects of stress, the novel challenge posed by the obesogenic digital (food) environment, and the stigma associated with obesity should not be overlooked. Preclinical research in animal models has been instrumental in elucidating these mechanisms, and translation into clinical practice has provided promising therapeutic options, including epigenetic approaches, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. However, more studies are necessary to discover new compounds that target key metabolic pathways, innovative ways to deliver the drugs, the optimal combinations of lifestyle interventions with allopathic treatments, and, last but not least, emerging biological markers for effective monitoring. With each passing day, the obesity crisis tightens its grip, threatening not only individual lives but also burdening healthcare systems and societies at large. It is high time we took action as we confront the urgent imperative to address this escalating global health challenge head-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cătălin-Cezar Caratașu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Levon Gabrielian
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Otilia Elena Frăsinariu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Elisabeta Checheriță
- 2nd Dental Medicine Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dumitrița Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Szilagyi
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ina Pogonea
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Gabriela Bordeianu
- Department of Biochemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Petru Soroceanu
- Department of Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Mihalache Anghel
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Munteanu
- Institute of Mother and Child, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2062 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Irina Teodora Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Zhou J, Sun B, Li M, Xu H, Feng Y, Wu X, Guo M, Wang X. Maternal Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy and lactation induced damaged intestinal structure and intestinal flora homeostasis in offspring mice. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3422-3432. [PMID: 37324834 PMCID: PMC10261753 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The small intestine serves as the first channel of dietary Vitamin A (VA) and the unique organ of VA absorption and metabolism. However, there have not been extensive investigations on the exact mechanisms within VA-related changes in intestinal metabolic disorders. This research is designed to analyze whether and how VA affects intestinal metabolic phenotypes. Male C57BL/6 mice after weaning were randomly fed a VA control diet (VAC) or a VA-deficient diet (VAD) during the entire pregnancy and lactation process. After a total of 11 weeks, cohorts of VA deprived were next fed to a VA control diet (VAD-C) for another 8 weeks. The concentration of retinol was measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography system. The 16S gene sequencing was used to evaluate the intestinal microbiota changes. Through the use of histological staining, western blots, quantitative PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the intestinal morphology, inflammatory factors, and intestinal permeability were all evaluated. Following the decrease of the tissue VA levels, VAD mice show a decrease in tissue VA levels, community differences, and the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota. VAD diet-driven changes occur in intestinal microbiota, accompanied by a higher mRNA expression of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and an increase in intestinal permeability. As dietary VA is reintroduced into VAD diet-fed mice, the tissue VA levels, inflammatory response, and intestinal homeostasis profiles are all restored, which are similar to those found after the occurrence of VA-controlled changes within intestinal microbiota. VA deficiency caused the imbalance of intestinal metabolic phenotypes through a mechanism involving changes in intestinal microbiota. It is thought that intestinal microbiota metabolic influences represent a new salient and additional mechanism, which can be used as a new method to achieve the onset and treatment of the effect of VAD on intestinal homeostasis impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Zhou
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Minli Li
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haoyu Xu
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Meixia Guo
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology, Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Fifth Station Outpatient Department of Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Rafiq T, Stearns JC, Shanmuganathan M, Azab SM, Anand SS, Thabane L, Beyene J, Williams NC, Morrison KM, Teo KK, Britz-McKibbin P, de Souza RJ. Integrative multiomics analysis of infant gut microbiome and serum metabolome reveals key molecular biomarkers of early onset childhood obesity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16651. [PMID: 37332914 PMCID: PMC10272340 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports a complex interplay of gut microbiome and host metabolism as regulators of obesity. The metabolic phenotype and microbial metabolism of host diet may also contribute to greater obesity risk in children early in life. This study aimed to identify features that discriminated overweight/obese from normal weight infants by integrating gut microbiome and serum metabolome profiles. This prospective analysis included 50 South Asian children living in Canada, selected from the SouTh Asian biRth cohorT (START). Serum metabolites were measured by multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and the relative abundance of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variant was evaluated at 1 year. Cumulative body mass index (BMIAUC) and skinfold thickness (SSFAUC) scores were calculated from birth to 3 years as the total area under the growth curve (AUC). BMIAUC and/or SSFAUC >85th percentile was used to define overweight/obesity. Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponent (DIABLO) was used to identify discriminant features associated with childhood overweight/obesity. The associations between identified features and anthropometric measures were examined using logistic regression. Circulating metabolites including glutamic acid, acetylcarnitine, carnitine, and threonine were positively, whereas γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) were negatively associated with childhood overweight/obesity. The abundance of the Pseudobutyrivibrio and Lactobacillus genera were positively, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Akkermansia were negatively associated with childhood overweight/obesity. Integrative analysis revealed that Akkermansia was positively whereas Lactobacillus was inversely correlated with GABA and SDMA, and Pseudobutyrivibrio was inversely correlated with GABA. This study provides insights into metabolic and microbial signatures which may regulate satiety, energy metabolism, inflammatory processes, and/or gut barrier function, and therefore, obesity trajectories in childhood. Understanding the functional capacity of these molecular features and potentially modifiable risk factors such as dietary exposures early in life may offer a novel approach for preventing childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Rafiq
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Jennifer C. Stearns
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Meera Shanmuganathan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Sandi M. Azab
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Sonia S. Anand
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O’Sullivan Research Centre, The Research Institute, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 524, South Africa
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Katherine M. Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Koon K. Teo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Russell J. de Souza
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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Dong Y, Xu R, Chen X, Yang C, Jiang F, Shen Y, Li Q, Fang F, Li Y, Shen X. Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15245. [PMID: 37220524 PMCID: PMC10200099 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared. Results A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, Megamonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Prevotella_2, Tyzzerella_4, were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fujin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Wang J, Yu C, Zhang J, Liu R, Xiao J. Aberrant gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in patients with coal-burning endemic fluorosis in Guizhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27051-9. [PMID: 37140865 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to excessive environmental fluoride has caused fluorosis to become a major public health problem worldwide. Although studies on stress pathways, signaling pathways, and apoptosis induced by fluoride have provided an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of this disease, its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. We hypothesized that the human gut microbiota and metabolome are associated with the pathogenesis of this disease. To get further insight into the profiles of intestinal microbiota and metabolome in coal-burning-induced endemic fluorosis patients, we conducted 16S rRNA sequencing of the intestinal microbial DNA and carried out non-targeted metabolomics of fecal samples from 32 patients with skeletal fluorosis and 33 matched healthy controls in Guizhou, China. We found that the gut microbiota of coal-burning endemic fluorosis patients displayed significant differences in composition, diversity, and abundance compared with healthy controls. This was characterized by an increase in the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota, Desulfobacterota, Nitrospirota, Crenarchaeota, Chloroflexi, Myxococcota, Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and unidentified_Bacteria, and a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. Additionally, at the genus level, the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Megamonas, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium, was significantly reduced. We also demonstrated that, at the genus level, some gut microbial markers, including Anaeromyxobacter, MND1, oc32, Haliangium, and Adurb.Bin063_1, showed potential for identifying coal-burning endemic fluorosis. Moreover, non-targeted metabolomics and correlation analysis revealed the changes in the metabolome, particularly the gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites such as tryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and indoleacetaldehyde. Our results indicated that excessive fluoride might cause xenobiotic-mediated dysbiosis of human gut microbiota and metabolic disorders. These findings suggest that the alterations in gut microbiota and metabolome play vital roles in regulating disease susceptibility and multi-organ damage after excessive fluoride exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology & Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Jiarong Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Ruming Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology & Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Jianhui Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China.
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology & Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563003, China.
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50
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Zhu M, Ouyang J, Zhou F, Zhao C, Zhu W, Liu C, Huang P, Li J, Tang J, Zhang Z, Huang J, Wu M, Wang K, Liu Z. Polysaccharides from Fu brick tea ameliorate obesity by modulating gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related short chain fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 118:109356. [PMID: 37087075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Fu brick tea (FBT) is a traditional tea manufactured by solid-state fermentation of tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Although anti-obesity effects have been reported for FBT, the associated role of FBT polysaccharides (PSs) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that FBTPSs inhibited obesity, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation; improved intestinal barrier function; and alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet-fed rats. Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides, Parasutterella, Desulfovibrio, and Blautia were the core microbes regulated by FBTPSs. FBTPSs regulated the production of gut microbiota-related metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branched-chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids throughout the development of obesity, and regulated the SCFA-GPR signaling pathway. FBTPS-treated fecal microbiota transplant ameliorated obesity, alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis, and improved gut microbiota-associated metabolites, suggesting that the anti-obesity effect of FBTPSs was gut microbiota-dependent. FBTPSs may serve as novel prebiotic agents for the treatment of obesity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chenjie Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wan Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunfang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Peifang Huang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Junwei Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- China Tea (Hunan) Anhua 1st Factory Co., Ltd., Yiyang, 413500, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China..
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