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López-Gil JF, Martínez-López MF. Clustering of Dietary Patterns Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2024; 16:2308. [PMID: 39064751 PMCID: PMC11280478 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the current study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Spanish children and adolescents. METHODS A modified version of the parental version of 10 items of the Screening for and Promotion of Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents-a European Public Health perspective (KIDSCREEN-10) was used to assess children's HRQoL in three areas: subjective physical, mental, and social status. To evaluate dietary habits, a food frequency questionnaire was employed. To identify different feeding patterns in the sample of children and adolescents examined, cluster analyses were carried out. In addition, a generalized linear model with a Gaussian distribution was applied to test the associations between the determined clusters and HRQoL. RESULTS The lowest HRQoL was identified in participants located in the unhealthiest cluster (Cluster 1) (mean [M] = 85.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 83.7 to 86.7). In comparison with the unhealthiest cluster (Cluster 1), a greater estimated marginal mean of HRQoL was identified for participants in the moderately healthy cluster (Cluster 1) (p = 0.020) and in the healthiest cluster (Cluster 2) (p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, dietary habits based on the low consumption of bread, cereals, and dairy products (mainly), together with low intake of fruits and vegetables, are related to lower HRQoL in children and adolescents. These results underscore the importance of promoting balanced and nutrient-rich diets among young populations. Public health initiatives should focus on educating parents, caregivers, and children about the benefits of a varied diet that includes adequate portions of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador;
- Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Seville, Spain
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Mebarak M, Mendoza J, Romero D, Amar J. Healthy Life Habits in Caregivers of Children in Vulnerable Populations: A Cluster Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:537. [PMID: 38791757 PMCID: PMC11121232 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Intervention programs aimed at mitigating the effects of chronic noncommunicable disease (CNDs) focus on promoting healthy lifestyle habits (HLH), especially in the early stages of life. Because of this, different typologies of caregivers have been identified according to HLH during middle childhood and adolescence. However, the available studies have focused on aspects such as nutrition, physical activity, and rest, ignoring other HLHs that are equally important for children's well-being. Likewise, few studies address HLH during the first five years of life and how caregivers affect children's health. In a sample of 544 caregivers of children aged zero to five years from low-income Colombian communities, we established a typology of attitudes toward different HLHs. The results indicate the presence of three clusters that grouped caregivers with (1) positive attitudes toward all HLHs, (2) toward some HLHs, and (3) relatively low positive attitudes toward all HLHs. Membership in clusters with less positive attitudes toward HLHs was also found to be associated with low educational levels and living in rural areas. This study detected profiles of caregivers who may have unhealthy lifestyles, so the results would allow social workers to design differential interventions on HLHs in non-industrialized countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Mebarak
- Human Development Research Center, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia; (M.M.); (J.A.)
- Department of Psychology, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia;
| | - Juan Mendoza
- Department of Psychology, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia;
| | - Duban Romero
- Human Development Research Center, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia; (M.M.); (J.A.)
| | - José Amar
- Human Development Research Center, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080020, Colombia; (M.M.); (J.A.)
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Domínguez-Martín G, Tárraga-López PJ, López-Gil JF. Relationship between perceived physical literacy and obesity-related outcomes in adolescents: the EHDLA study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1321361. [PMID: 38694986 PMCID: PMC11062133 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1321361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between perceived physical literacy and obesity-related outcomes among adolescents from Spain. Methods This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis including a total sample of 845 Spanish adolescents (55.3% girls) aged 12-17 years from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project. Physical literacy was evaluated using the Spanish Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument for adolescents (S-PPLI). Body mass index was computed by taking the participants' body weight in kilograms and dividing it by the square of their height in meters, and body mass index (z score) and overweight/obesity and obesity were computed by the World Health Organization age- and sex-specific thresholds. Waist circumference was measured using a constant tension tape. Moreover, the waist-to-height ratio was calculated, and therefore, abdominal obesity was determined. Skinfold measurements were taken at the triceps and medial calf using calibrated steel calipers. Results In general, the overall trend was downward (i.e., the higher the PPLI score the lower the obesity-related indicators), with the approximate significance of smooth terms being statistically significant for all models examined (p < 0.001). Adolescents with lower perceived physical literacy (PPL) showed the highest estimated marginal means of body mass index, body mass index z score, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and skinfold (triceps and calf) and predictive probabilities of having excess weight, obesity, and abdominal obesity, while their counterparts with high PPL had the lowest. In addition, significant differences were observed for all the obesity-related indications between adolescents with low PPL and those with medium PPL (p-adjusted < 0.05 for all indicators), as well as with those with high PPL (p-adjusted < 0.05 for all indicators). Moreover, these significant differences were also shown for most indicators between adolescents with medium PPL and those with high PPL (except for obesity). Conclusion Physical literacy could play a crucial role in maintaining more desirable obesity-related outcomes in adolescents. Adolescents with high perceived physical literacy showed lower obesity-related indicators (i.e., body mass index, body mass index z score, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, skinfolds), as well as a lower probability of having excess weight, obesity, and abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro J Tárraga-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Rivera-Ochoa M, López-Gil JF, Brazo-Sayavera J, Pantoja-Arévalo L, González-Gross M, Vizmanos-Lamotte B, Guadalupe-Grau A. Clustering Health Behaviors in Mexican Adolescents: The HELENA-MEX Study. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:281-288. [PMID: 37369131 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2195458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The prevalence of excess weight within the adolescent population is rapidly increasing in Mexico, especially in areas with lower socioeconomic status. The present study aimed to identify lifestyle clustered patterns in adolescents and analyze the associations among these clusters and body composition. Method: A final sample of n=259 participants (13 to 17 years old, 58.7% girls), residents in rural and urban areas, were included. Hierarchical and k-means clusters analyses included moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), handgrip strength, screen time, sleep time, and diet. The associations between cluster membership and body composition were analyzed through general linear models (ANCOVA), including sex, age, place of residence, and socioeconomic status as covariates. Results: Three different clusters were identified: Cluster 1, [Unhealthy] (low values in all lifestyle patterns), Cluster 2, [Low Physical Fitness] (low values in CRF and handgrip strength) and Cluster 3, [High Physical Activity and CRF] (highest values in CRF, handgrip strength and MVPA). Clusters 2 and 3 showed high values in screen time and industrialized food consumption. There were no differences in sleep between the 3 Clusters. ANCOVA analysis revealed that participants belonging to Cluster 3 showed significantly lower adiposity and a higher Fat Free Mass compared with the other two clusters (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a lifestyle characterized by high levels of physical activity and physical fitness and low consumption of industrialized food may be protective against the problem of obesity, which could be helpful to develop interventions to reduce excess weight in Mexican adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José F López-Gil
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA
- Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Universidad de Las Américas
| | | | | | | | | | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII
- Universidad Castilla-La Mancha
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Olejua P, McLain AC, Inak N, Dowda M, Pate RR. Clustering Patterns of 24-Hour Physical Activity in Children 6-36 Months Old. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38307017 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2023-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine 24-hour physical activity (PA) clusters in children 6-36 months of age, factors associated with the clusters, and their agreement across time. METHOD A longitudinal study followed 150 infants from South Carolina up to 36 months of age. Measures included 24-hour PA and demographic data. Functional clustering was used to obtain the clusters. The association between cluster membership and infant/parent characteristics was examined by Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared tests. Concordance was measured with the kappa coefficient and percent agreement. RESULTS At each follow-up, 3 clusters were optimal, identified as late activity (cluster 1), high activity (cluster 2), and medium activity (cluster 3). The defining feature of the late activity cluster was that their physical activity (PA) activity was shifted to later in the day versus children in clusters 2 and 3. At 6 months, the clusters were associated with race (<0.001), crawling (0.043), other children in the household (0.043), and mother's education (0.004); at 12 months with race (0.029), childcare (<0.001), and education (<0.001); and at 36 months with other children in the household (0.019). Clusters showed moderate agreement (kappa = .41 [.25 to .57], agreement = 61% [49% to 72%]) between 6 and 12 months and, at 36 months, showed no agreement with either 6 or 12 months. CONCLUSION Twenty-four-hour PA can be clustered into medium, high, and late PA. Further research is needed into the consequences of late sleeping in children at this age. Clusters are associated with household and childcare factors, and cluster membership is dynamic across time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olejua
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,USA
| | - Alexander C McLain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,USA
| | - Nabila Inak
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,USA
| | - Marsha Dowda
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC,USA
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Domínguez-Martín G, Tárraga-López PJ, López-Gil JF. Cross-Sectional Association between Perceived Physical Literacy and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns in Adolescents: The EHDLA Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4400. [PMID: 37892475 PMCID: PMC10610224 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of the current study was to analyze the relationship between perceived physical literacy (PPL) and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and its specific components in a sample of Spanish adolescents. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we examined a sample of 845 adolescents (58.1% boys) aged 12-17 years from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). PPL was assessed by the Spanish Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument for adolescents (S-PPLI). To assess adherence to the MedDiet, the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED) was applied. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, adolescents with medium or high PPL were more likely to have optimal adherence to the MedDiet (medium PPL: OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.20-2.40, p-adjusted = 0.003; high PPL: OR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.03-4.17, p-adjusted < 0.001). These findings remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, energy intake, overall sleep duration, physical activity, and sedentary behavior (medium PPL: OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.05-2.19, p-adjusted = 0.003; high PPL: OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.53-3.39, p-adjusted < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PPL could play a relevant role in the adoption of healthy eating habits among adolescents. Adolescents with low or medium PPL were less likely to report optimal adherence to the MedDiet. Adolescents with high PPL seem to consume more fruits, vegetables, fish, pulses, nuts, and dairies (for breakfast). Conversely, these adolescents tend to skip breakfast less, as well as to consume less commercially baked goods or pastries at this meal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro J. Tárraga-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
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Alosaimi N, Sherar LB, Griffiths P, Pearson N. Clustering of diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour and related physical and mental health outcomes: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1572. [PMID: 37596591 PMCID: PMC10436445 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and diet play an important role in the physical and mental health of young people. Understanding how these behaviours cluster, and the impact of clusters on health is important for the development of public health interventions. This review examines the prevalence of clusters of PA, sedentary time, and dietary behaviours, and how clusters relate to physical and mental health indicators among children, adolescents and young adults. METHODS Electronic (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) and manual searches were conducted for articles that were (i) observational studies including children, adolescents and/or young adults aged 5-24 years, (ii) examined the 'patterning', 'clustering', or 'co-existence' of each of PA, dietary behaviour and SB, and (iii) published in English up to and including July 2022. In addition to information on clustering, data on physical and mental health outcomes were extracted where reported. Included studies were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias for observational studies. A narrative synthesis was conducted due to high heterogeneity. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021230976). RESULTS Forty-nine cross-sectional studies and four prospective cohort studies from eighteen countries reporting data from 778,415 individual participants were included. A broad range of clusters (n = 172) were found (healthy, unhealthy, and mixed). Mixed clusters were common (n = 98), and clusters of high diet quality, low PA and high SB were more prevalent in girls, while mixed clusters of high PA, high SB and low diet quality were more prevalent in boys. Unhealthy clusters comprising low moderate to vigorous PA, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and high screen time were prevalent, particularly in those from lower socioeconomic status families. Compared to those with healthy behavioural clusters, those with unhealthy and mixed clusters had a higher adiposity, higher risk of cardiovascular disease, poorer mental health scores, and lower cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS PA, SB and diet cluster in healthy, unhealthy and mixed patterns in young people that differ across sociodemographic characteristics. Unhealthy clusters are associated with poorer health outcomes. Intervention strategies targeting un-clustering multiple unhealthy behaviours should be developed and evaluated for their impact on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Alosaimi
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK.
| | - Lauren B Sherar
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Paula Griffiths
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Natalie Pearson
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
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Hoogstoel F, Samadoulougou S, Diouf A, Savoye I, Donnen P, Van der Heyden J, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F. Adherence to '5-2-1-0' guidelines and multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from Global School-based Student Health Survey 2012-2017. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2023; 6:91-99. [PMID: 37559967 PMCID: PMC10407405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overweight and obesity constitute a new challenge in low-income and middle-countries. The obesity prevention programme, called '5-2-1-0', promotes healthy eating habits, physical activity and limited screen time among young people.This study aimed to assess adherence to the '5-2-1-0' recommendations and to study multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Meta-analyses with a random effect were used to calculate overall prevalence. Non-random patterns of the co-occurrence of the four risky behaviours were explored using observed/expected prevalence ratios. Data came from the Global School-based Health Survey and 18 314 adolescents were considered. RESULTS Among the participants, 12.7% (95% CI 7.5% to 19.0%) had overweight and 3.2% (95% CI 1.1% to 6.1%) had obesity. In almost all countries studied, girls were more affected by overweight and obesity than boys.While only 0.2% (95% CI 0.1% to 0.4%) of the adolescents fully complied with the recommendations, 4.8% (95% CI 3.1% to 6.9%), 28.4% (95% CI 22.4% to 34.8%), 43.8% (95% CI 41.9% to 45.8%) and 17.0% (95% CI 11.8% to 23.0%), respectively, combined 1, 2, 3 and 4 risky behaviours among the four '5-2-1-0' criteria. The most observed combination was found for co-occurrence of three risky behaviours: insufficient fruit/vegetables consumption, physical activity and non-zero consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the insufficient adherence to '5-2-1-0' recommendations and the high prevalence of the co-occurrence of risky behaviours underscore the need to strengthen health interventions and programmes to prevent obesity among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Hoogstoel
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sékou Samadoulougou
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Research on Planning and Development (CRAD), Laval University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Adama Diouf
- Département de Biologie Animale, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Isabelle Savoye
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Centre de Recherche 'Politiques et Systèmes de Santé-Santé Internationale’, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
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López-Gil JF, Smith L, Abellán-Huerta J, Abellán-Alemán J, Panisello Royo JM, Gutiérrez-Espinoza H, López-Bueno R, Tárraga-López PJ. Food consumption patterns related to excess weight and obesity in Spanish preschoolers. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-022-02442-9. [PMID: 36599946 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were (1) to identify the different food consumption patterns among Spanish preschoolers and (2) to examine the association between having a different food consumption pattern and the odds of having excess weight (i.e., overweight or obesity) or obesity among this population. METHODS This was a nationwide cross-sectional study with data from the Spanish National Health Survey-2017. All preschoolers (aged 3-5 years) with complete information on all the variables analyzed were selected. The frequency of consumption of the fourteen food groups was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire. Excess weight/obesity were computed following the World Health Organization criteria. A hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward's method (i.e., based on squared Euclidean distances) and k-means were performed including all food group consumption. A total sample of 663 was included in the cluster analysis. RESULTS Three different clusters were established. Compared to the healthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 1), higher odds of excess weight (OR = 1.51; CI: 95%, 1.02-2.25) and obesity (OR = 1.59; CI: 95%, 1.01-2.51) were found for participants with the unhealthiest food consumption pattern (Cluster 3). CONCLUSION Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy (i.e., low intake of vegetables/fruits, high consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks) was associated with presenting excess weight/obesity among Spanish preschoolers. IMPACT No studies have examined the specific food consumption patterns associated with excess weight or obesity among Spanish preschoolers. The unhealthiest food consumption pattern was characterized by a food consumption pattern that included a lower intake of vegetables and fruits and a higher consumption of confectionery products, sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food, and snacks. Having a food consumption pattern considered unhealthy was associated with a higher prevalence of excess weight and obesity in comparison with other healthier food consumption patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - José Abellán-Huerta
- Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - José Abellán-Alemán
- Cátedra de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro J Tárraga-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Liu H, Liu Y, Li B. Predictive Analysis of Health/Physical Fitness in Health-Promoting Lifestyle of Adolescents. Front Public Health 2021; 9:691669. [PMID: 34490182 PMCID: PMC8416607 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.691669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Explore the correlation and predictive power of health physical fitness on health-promoting lifestyle of adolescents to provide an important reference for reform in middle school physical education classroom teaching. Methods: Taking some junior and senior high school students in Nanchong City of Sichuan Province as survey objects, a stratified random sampling method was used to carry out a health/fitness test and conduct a questionnaire survey. SPSS17.0, amos 21.0, and other statistical analysis software were used to process the relevant data. Results: (1) Male adolescents had 14.4% predictive power for their overall health-promoting lifestyle through the combined effects of cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, and explosive strength, while female adolescents had 16.8% predictive power for their overall health-promoting lifestyle through the combined effects of cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility, and body mass index (BMI). (2) Ten percent of the variation in the health-promoting lifestyle of men under 14 years old was caused by the combined effects of muscle endurance and muscle strength, while 14.4% of the variation in the health-promoting lifestyle of female adolescents was caused by the combined effects of muscle endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, and cardiopulmonary endurance. (3) Some 10.9 and 17.6% of the variation in health-promoting lifestyle of male and female adolescents aged between 14 and 17 was caused by the combined effects of cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, and flexibility, respectively. (4) Some 20.7% of the variation in health promoting lifestyle of male adolescents aged 17 years or above was caused by cardiopulmonary endurance, explosive force, and muscle endurance, while 16.8% of the variation in health-promoting lifestyle of female adolescents was caused by the combined effect of cardiopulmonary endurance, BMI, and muscle endurance. Conclusion: Health and physical fitness of adolescents can significantly predict their health-promoting lifestyle, and the predictive power and typical correlation between them are affected by demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- College of Physical Education, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Abstract
Geographical, cultural, and socio-economic factors create a different lifestyle. Accordingly, the aim of this research was to identify the differences in anthropometric and fitness characteristics among adolescents living in Montenegro and Kosovo in order to optimize the physical fitness as a consequence of the proactive behavior. Anthropometric characteristics and fitness level measures were assessed by Eurofit testing battery among 600 Kosovar and 600 Montenegrin students, equally distributed by gender. Differences between countries, gender, and age group (13, 14 and 15 years) were assessed with multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. The results showed that Montenegrin students are taller, heavier, and achieve better results in the sit-ups and 20-m endurance shuttle-run tests. Kosovar students achieve better results in the standing broad jump and 10 × 5 m shuttle-run tests. Males achieve significantly better results in all tests, excluding the sit-and-reach test. Statistically significant differences among age groups were found for all variables, regardless gender and country (except for the flamingo and sit-and reach tests). This study is of importance to physical education teachers and curriculum authors to optimize students’ proactive behavior based on the identified anthropometric and physical fitness differences between the two countries, age groups, and genders.
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