1
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Volkart S, Kym U, Braissant O, Delgado-Eckert E, Al-Samir S, Angresius R, Huo Z, Holland-Cunz S, Gros SJ. AQP1 in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice: Expression Pattern and Impact of AQP1 Knockout on Colonic Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043616. [PMID: 36835026 PMCID: PMC9959819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is one of thirteen known mammalian aquaporins. Its main function is the transport of water across cell membranes. Lately, a role of AQP has been attributed to other physiological and pathological functions including cell migration and peripheral pain perception. AQP1 has been found in several parts of the enteric nervous system, e.g., in the rat ileum and in the ovine duodenum. Its function in the intestine appears to be multifaceted and is still not completely understood. The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution and localization of AQP1 in the entire intestinal tract of mice. AQP1 expression was correlated with the hypoxic expression profile of the various intestinal segments, intestinal wall thickness and edema, as well as other aspects of colon function including the ability of mice to concentrate stools and their microbiome composition. AQP1 was found in a specific pattern in the serosa, the mucosa, and the enteric nervous system throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The highest amount of AQP1 in the gastrointestinal tract was found in the small intestine. AQP1 expression correlated with the expression profiles of hypoxia-dependent proteins such as HIF-1α and PGK1. Loss of AQP1 through knockout of AQP1 in these mice led to a reduced amount of bacteroidetes and firmicutes but an increased amount of the rest of the phyla, especially deferribacteres, proteobacteria, and verrucomicrobia. Although AQP-KO mice retained gastrointestinal function, distinct changes regarding the anatomy of the intestinal wall including intestinal wall thickness and edema were observed. Loss of AQP1 might interfere with the ability of the mice to concentrate their stool and it is associated with a significantly different composition of the of the bacterial stool microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Volkart
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Kym
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Microcalorimetry Unit, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edgar Delgado-Eckert
- Computational Physiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering at University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samer Al-Samir
- Vegetative Physiologie 4220, Zentrum Physiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Angresius
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zihe Huo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Holland-Cunz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie J. Gros
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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2
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Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane water channel proteins, which were initially characterized as a novel protein family that plays a vital role in transcellular and transepithelial water movement. AQP1, AQP2, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP8 are primarily water selective, whereas AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, and AQP10 (called “aqua-glyceroporins”) also transport glycerol and other small solutes. Recently, multiple reports have suggested that AQPs have important roles in cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, each of which is important in human carcinogenesis. Here, we review recent data concerning the involvement of AQPs in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis and explore the expression profiles from various resected cancer samples to further dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss the potential role of AQPs during the development of genomic instability and performed modeling to describe the integration of binding between AQPs with various SH3 domain binning adaptor molecules. Throughout review and discussion of numerous reports, we have tried to provide key evidence that AQPs play key roles in tumor biology, which may provide a unique opportunity in designing a novel class of anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul So Moon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, United States.,HJM Cancer Research Foundation Corporation, Lutherville, MD, United States
| | - David Moon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, United States.,HJM Cancer Research Foundation Corporation, Lutherville, MD, United States
| | - Sung Koo Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, United States.,HJM Cancer Research Foundation Corporation, Lutherville, MD, United States
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3
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
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4
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Charlestin V, Fulkerson D, Arias Matus CE, Walker ZT, Carthy K, Littlepage LE. Aquaporins: New players in breast cancer progression and treatment response. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988119. [PMID: 36212456 PMCID: PMC9532844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small transmembrane proteins that selectively transport water and other small molecules and ions following an osmotic gradient across cell plasma membranes. This enables them to regulate numerous functions including water homeostasis, fat metabolism, proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Previous structural and functional studies highlight a strong biological relationship between AQP protein expression, localization, and key biological functions in normal and cancer tissues, where aberrant AQP expression correlates with tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the roles of AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP7 in breast cancer progression and metastasis, including the role of AQPs in the tumor microenvironment, to highlight potential contributions of stromal-derived to epithelial-derived AQPs to breast cancer. Emerging evidence identifies AQPs as predictors of response to cancer therapy and as targets for increasing their sensitivity to treatment. However, these studies have not evaluated the requirements for protein structure on AQP function within the context of breast cancer. We also examine how AQPs contribute to a patient's response to cancer treatment, existing AQP inhibitors and how AQPs could serve as novel predictive biomarkers of therapy response in breast cancer. Future studies also should evaluate AQP redundancy and compensation as mechanisms used to overcome aberrant AQP function. This review highlights the need for additional research into how AQPs contribute molecularly to therapeutic resistance and by altering the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verodia Charlestin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Daniel Fulkerson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Carlos E Arias Matus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States.,Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Zachary T Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Kevin Carthy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Laurie E Littlepage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
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5
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Yun X, Philip NM, Jiang H, Smith Z, Huetsch JC, Damarla M, Suresh K, Shimoda LA. Upregulation of Aquaporin 1 Mediates Increased Migration and Proliferation in Pulmonary Vascular Cells From the Rat SU5416/Hypoxia Model of Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Physiol 2021; 12:763444. [PMID: 34975522 PMCID: PMC8718640 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.763444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by exuberant vascular remodeling leading to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, maladaptive right ventricular remodeling, and eventual death. The factors controlling pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) and endothelial cell hyperplasia and migration, hallmark features of the vascular remodeling observed in PAH, remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that hypoxia upregulates the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a water channel, in PASMCs, and that this upregulation was required for hypoxia-induced migration and proliferation. However, whether the same is true in a model of severe PAH and in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) is unknown. In this study, we used the SU5416 plus hypoxia (SuHx) rat model of severe pulmonary hypertension, which mimics many of the features of human PAH, to determine whether AQP1 levels were altered in PASMCs and MVECs and contributed to a hyperproliferative/hypermigratory phenotype. Rats received a single injection of SU5416 (20 mg/kg) and then were placed in 10% O2 for 3 weeks, followed by a return to normoxic conditions for an additional 2 weeks. We found that AQP1 protein levels were increased in both PASMCs and MVECs from SuHx rats, even in the absence of sustained hypoxic exposure, and that in MVECs, the increase in protein expression was associated with upregulation of AQP1 mRNA levels. Silencing of AQP1 had no significant effect on PASMCs from control animals but normalized enhanced migration and proliferation observed in cells from SuHx rats. Loss of AQP1 also reduced migration and proliferation in MVECs from SuHx rats. Finally, augmenting AQP1 levels in MVECs from control rats using forced expression was sufficient to increase migration and proliferation. These results demonstrate a key role for enhanced AQP1 expression in mediating abnormal migration and proliferation in pulmonary vascular cells from a rodent model that reflects many of the features of human PAH.
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6
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Han M, Li S, Xie H, Liu Q, Wang A, Hu S, Zhao X, Kong Y, Wang W, Li C. Activation of TGR5 restores AQP2 expression via the HIF pathway in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F308-F321. [PMID: 33427060 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00577.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with markedly reduced protein expression of aquaporins (AQPs). Membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (TGR5) has shown protective roles in some kidney diseases. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether activation of TGR5 prevented the decreased protein expression of AQPs in rodents with renal I/R injury and potential mechanisms. TGR5 agonist lithocholic acid (LCA) treatment reduced polyuria after renal I/R injury in rats. LCA prevented the decreased abundance of AQP2 protein and upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression, which were associated with decreased protein abundance of NF-κB p65 and IL-1β. After renal I/R, mice with tgr5 gene deficiency exhibited further decreases in AQP2 and HIF-1α protein abundance and increases of IL-1β and NF-κB p65 protein expression compared with wild-type mice. In primary cultured inner medullary collecting duct cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation, LCA induced markedly increased protein expression of AQP2 and HIF-1α, which were partially prevented by the PKA inhibitor H89. FG4592, a prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain-containing protein inhibitor, increased HIF-1α and AQP2 protein abundance in association with decreased NF-κB p65 protein expression in inner medullary collecting duct cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation. In conclusion, TGR5 stimulation by LCA prevented downregulation of renal AQPs in kidney with I/R injury, likely through activating HIF-1α signaling and suppressing inflammatory responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Stimulation of the membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 by lithocholic acid (LCA) reduced polyuria in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. LCA increased abundance of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) protein and upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression in association with decreased NF-κB p65 and IL-1β. After I/R, mice with tgr5 gene deficiency exhibited more severe decreases in AQP2 and HIF-1α protein abundance and inflammatory responses. TGR5 activation exhibits a protective role in acute renal injury induced by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Han
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suchun Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Xie
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojuan Liu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ani Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoduo Zhao
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglun Kong
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Huo Z, Lomora M, Kym U, Palivan C, Holland-Cunz SG, Gros SJ. AQP1 Is Up-Regulated by Hypoxia and Leads to Increased Cell Water Permeability, Motility, and Migration in Neuroblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:605272. [PMID: 33644043 PMCID: PMC7905035 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.605272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. It is hypothesized that AQP1 expression can facilitate the transmembrane water transport leading to changes in cell structure that promote migration. Its impact in neuroblastoma has not been addressed so far. The objectives of this study have been to determine whether AQP1 expression in neuroblastoma is dependent on hypoxia, to demonstrate whether AQP1 is functionally relevant for migration, and to further define AQP1-dependent properties of the migrating cells. This was determined by investigating the reaction of neuroblastoma cell lines, particularly SH-SY5Y, Kelly, SH-EP Tet-21/N and SK-N-BE(2)-M17 to hypoxia, quantitating the AQP1-related water permeability by stopped-flow spectroscopy, and studying the migration-related properties of the cells in a modified transwell assay. We find that AQP1 expression in neuroblastoma cells is up-regulated by hypoxic conditions, and that increased AQP1 expression enabled the cells to form a phenotype which is associated with migratory properties and increased cell agility. This suggests that the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is the trigger for some tumor cells to transition to a migratory phenotype. We demonstrate that migrating tumor cell express elevated AQP1 levels and a hypoxic biochemical phenotype. Our experiments strongly suggest that elevated AQP1 might be a key driver in transitioning stable tumor cells to migrating tumor cells in a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Huo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Kym
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Palivan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan G Holland-Cunz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie J Gros
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Zuniga-Hertz JP, Patel HH. The Evolution of Cholesterol-Rich Membrane in Oxygen Adaption: The Respiratory System as a Model. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1340. [PMID: 31736773 PMCID: PMC6828933 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in atmospheric oxygen levels imposed significant environmental pressure on primitive organisms concerning intracellular oxygen concentration management. Evidence suggests the rise of cholesterol, a key molecule for cellular membrane organization, as a cellular strategy to restrain free oxygen diffusion under the new environmental conditions. During evolution and the increase in organismal complexity, cholesterol played a pivotal role in the establishment of novel and more complex functions associated with lipid membranes. Of these, caveolae, cholesterol-rich membrane domains, are signaling hubs that regulate important in situ functions. Evolution resulted in complex respiratory systems and molecular response mechanisms that ensure responses to critical events such as hypoxia facilitated oxygen diffusion and transport in complex organisms. Caveolae have been structurally and functionally associated with respiratory systems and oxygen diffusion control through their relationship with molecular response systems like hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), and particularly as a membrane-localized oxygen sensor, controlling oxygen diffusion balanced with cellular physiological requirements. This review will focus on membrane adaptations that contribute to regulating oxygen in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Zuniga-Hertz
- Department of Anesthesiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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9
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Stuart JA, Aibueku O, Bagshaw O, Moradi F. Hypoxia inducible factors as mediators of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species homeostasis in physiological normoxia. Med Hypotheses 2019; 129:109249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Jiang Y, Ma R, Zhao Y, Li G, Wang A, Lin W, Lan X, Zhong S, Cai J. MEF
2C/miR‐133a‐3p.1 circuit‐stabilized
AQP
1
expression maintains endothelial water homeostasis. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2566-2573. [PMID: 31254364 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Cardiology Jilin Central Hospital China
| | - Guo‐jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | - Ai‐kun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | - Wen‐long Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | - Xin‐mei Lan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Jilin Medical University China
| | | | - Jian‐hui Cai
- Department of Surgery Jilin Medical University China
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11
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Liu M, Liu Q, Pei Y, Gong M, Cui X, Pan J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Yuan X, Zhou H, Chen Y, Sun J, Wang L, Zhang X, Wang R, Li S, Cheng J, Ding Y, Ma T, Yuan Y. Aqp-1
Gene Knockout Attenuates Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension of Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:48-62. [PMID: 30580569 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is characterized by proliferative vascular remodeling. Abnormal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation and endothelial dysfunction are the primary cellular bases of vascular remodeling. AQP1 (aquaporin-1) is regulated by oxygen level and has been observed to play a role in the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. The role of AQP1 in HPH pathogenesis has not been directly determined to date. To determine the possible roles of AQP1 in the pathogenesis of HPH and explore its possible mechanisms.
Approach and Results—
Aqp1
knockout mice were used, and HPH model was established in this study. Primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, primary mouse lung endothelial cells, and lung tissue sections from HPH model were used. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration analysis were performed in this study. AQP1 expression was upregulated by chronic hypoxia exposure, both in pulmonary artery endothelia and medial smooth muscle layer of mice.
Aqp1
deficiency attenuated the elevation of right ventricular systolic pressures and mitigated pulmonary vascular structure remodeling. AQP1 deletion reduced abnormal cell proliferation in pulmonary artery and accompanied with accumulation of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor). In vitro,
Aqp1
deletion reduced hypoxia-induced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration ability of primary cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and repressed HIF-1α protein stability. Furthermore,
Aqp1
deficiency protected lung endothelial cells from apoptosis in response to hypoxic injury.
Conclusions—
Our data showed that
Aqp1
deficiency could attenuate hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling in the development of HPH. AQP1 may be a potential target for pulmonary hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Liu
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Qiwang Liu
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yandong Pei
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Miaomiao Gong
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China (X.C., S.L., T.M.)
| | - Jinjin Pan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Xiaocheng Yuan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Haoran Zhou
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Yiying Chen
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Jian Sun
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Lin Wang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Xiya Zhang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Rui Wang
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Shao Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, China (X.C., S.L., T.M.)
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.C.)
| | - Yanchun Ding
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, China (Y.Z., Yang Liu, Ying Liu)
| | - Yuhui Yuan
- From the The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, China (M.L., Q.L., Y.P., M.G., J.P., X.Y., H.Z., Y.C., J.S., L.W., X.Z., R.W., Y.D., Y.Y.)
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12
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De Ieso ML, Yool AJ. Mechanisms of Aquaporin-Facilitated Cancer Invasion and Metastasis. Front Chem 2018; 6:135. [PMID: 29922644 PMCID: PMC5996923 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and its incidence is rising with numbers expected to increase 70% in the next two decades. The fact that current mainline treatments for cancer patients are accompanied by debilitating side effects prompts a growing demand for new therapies that not only inhibit growth and proliferation of cancer cells, but also control invasion and metastasis. One class of targets gaining international attention is the aquaporins, a family of membrane-spanning water channels with diverse physiological functions and extensive tissue-specific distributions in humans. Aquaporins−1,−2,−3,−4,−5,−8, and−9 have been linked to roles in cancer invasion, and metastasis, but their mechanisms of action remain to be fully defined. Aquaporins are implicated in the metastatic cascade in processes of angiogenesis, cellular dissociation, migration, and invasion. Cancer invasion and metastasis are proposed to be potentiated by aquaporins in boosting tumor angiogenesis, enhancing cell volume regulation, regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, interacting with actin cytoskeleton, regulating proteases and extracellular-matrix degrading molecules, contributing to the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, and interacting with signaling pathways enabling motility and invasion. Pharmacological modulators of aquaporin channels are being identified and tested for therapeutic potential, including compounds derived from loop diuretics, metal-containing organic compounds, plant natural products, and other small molecules. Further studies on aquaporin-dependent functions in cancer metastasis are needed to define the differential contributions of different classes of aquaporin channels to regulation of fluid balance, cell volume, small solute transport, signal transduction, their possible relevance as rate limiting steps, and potential values as therapeutic targets for invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L De Ieso
- Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrea J Yool
- Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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13
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Zhai Y, Xu H, Shen Q, Schaefer F, Schmitt CP, Chen J, Liu H, Liu J, Liu J. pH-mediated upregulation of AQP1 gene expression through the Spi-B transcription factor. BMC Mol Biol 2018; 19:4. [PMID: 29554889 PMCID: PMC5859780 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-018-0104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bicarbonate-based peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids enhance the migratory capacity and damage-repair ability of human peritoneal mesothelial cells by upregulating AQP1. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results Here we used HEK-293T cells to investigate the effect of pH on AQP1 gene transcription levels. We found that AQP1 mRNA levels increases with pH. Transfection of HEK-293T cells with luciferase reporter vectors containing different regions of the AQP1 promoter identified an upstream region in the AQP1 gene between − 2200 and – 2300 bp as an enhancer required for pH-mediated regulation of AQP1 expression. Site-directed mutagenesis of this specific promoter region revealed a critical region between − 2257 and − 2251 bp, and gene knock-down experiments and ChIP assays suggested that the Spi-B transcription factor SPIB is involved in pH-mediated regulation of AQP1 expression. Conclusions We identified an upstream region in the AQP1 gene and the transcription factor SPIB that are critically involved in pH-mediated regulation of AQP1 expression. These findings provide the basis for further studies on the pH- and buffer-dependent effects of PD fluids on peritoneal membrane integrity and function. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12867-018-0104-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhai
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China. .,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Franz Schaefer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus P Schmitt
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimei Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialu Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Shanghai Kidney Development and Pediatric Kidney Disease Research Center, Shanghai, China
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14
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Mata-Greenwood E, Goyal D, Goyal R. Comparative and Experimental Studies on the Genes Altered by Chronic Hypoxia in Human Brain Microendothelial Cells. Front Physiol 2017; 8:365. [PMID: 28620317 PMCID: PMC5450043 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background : Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A) is a master regulator of acute hypoxia; however, with chronic hypoxia, HIF1A levels return to the normoxic levels. Importantly, the genes that are involved in the cell survival and viability under chronic hypoxia are not known. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia leads to the upregulation of a core group of genes with associated changes in the promoter DNA methylation that mediates the cell survival under hypoxia. Results : We examined the effect of chronic hypoxia (3 days; 0.5% oxygen) on human brain micro endothelial cells (HBMEC) viability and apoptosis. Hypoxia caused a significant reduction in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. Next, we examined chronic hypoxia associated changes in transcriptome and genome-wide promoter methylation. The data obtained was compared with 16 other microarray studies on chronic hypoxia. Nine genes were altered in response to chronic hypoxia in all 17 studies. Interestingly, HIF1A was not altered with chronic hypoxia in any of the studies. Furthermore, we compared our data to three other studies that identified HIF-responsive genes by various approaches. Only two genes were found to be HIF dependent. We silenced each of these 9 genes using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Downregulation of EGLN3 significantly increased the cell death under chronic hypoxia, whereas downregulation of ERO1L, ENO2, adrenomedullin, and spag4 reduced the cell death under hypoxia. Conclusions : We provide a core group of genes that regulates cellular acclimatization under chronic hypoxic stress, and most of them are HIF independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Mata-Greenwood
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Dipali Goyal
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States.,Epigenuity LLCLoma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Ravi Goyal
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States.,Epigenuity LLCLoma Linda, CA, United States
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15
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Wragg JW, Heath VL, Bicknell R. Sunitinib Treatment Enhances Metastasis of Innately Drug-Resistant Breast Tumors. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1008-1020. [PMID: 28011623 PMCID: PMC5321582 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapies have failed to confer survival benefits in patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC). However, to date, there has not been an inquiry into the roles for acquired versus innate drug resistance in this setting. In this study, we report roles for these distinct phenotypes in determining therapeutic response in a murine model of mBC resistance to the antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib. Using tumor measurement and vascular patterning approaches, we differentiated tumors displaying innate versus acquired resistance. Bioluminescent imaging of tumor metastases to the liver, lungs, and spleen revealed that sunitinib administration enhances metastasis, but only in tumors displaying innate resistance to therapy. Transcriptomic analysis of tumors displaying acquired versus innate resistance allowed the identification of specific biomarkers, many of which have a role in angiogenesis. In particular, aquaporin-1 upregulation occurred in acquired resistance, mTOR in innate resistance, and pleiotrophin in both settings, suggesting their utility as candidate diagnostics to predict drug response or to design tactics to circumvent resistance. Our results unravel specific features of antiangiogenic resistance, with potential therapeutic implications. Cancer Res; 77(4); 1008-20. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Wragg
- Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences and Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria L Heath
- Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences and Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roy Bicknell
- Institutes of Cardiovascular Sciences and Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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16
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Tomita Y, Dorward H, Yool AJ, Smith E, Townsend AR, Price TJ, Hardingham JE. Role of Aquaporin 1 Signalling in Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020299. [PMID: 28146084 PMCID: PMC5343835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major health burden worldwide. Despite the advances in our understanding of its pathogenesis and continued improvement in cancer management and outcomes, there remains a strong clinical demand for more accurate and reliable biomarkers of metastatic progression and novel therapeutic targets to abrogate angiogenesis and tumour progression. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a small hydrophobic integral transmembrane protein with a predominant role in trans-cellular water transport. Recently, over-expression of AQP1 has been associated with many types of cancer as a distinctive clinical prognostic factor. This has prompted researchers to evaluate the link between AQP1 and cancer biological functions. Available literature implicates the role of AQP1 in tumour cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. This article reviews the current understanding of AQP1-facilitated tumour development and progression with a focus on regulatory mechanisms and downstream signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tomita
- Molecular Oncology, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital & Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Hilary Dorward
- Molecular Oncology, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia.
| | - Andrea J Yool
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Eric Smith
- Molecular Oncology, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia.
| | - Amanda R Townsend
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital & School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Timothy J Price
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital & School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Jennifer E Hardingham
- Molecular Oncology, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital & Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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17
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Johnson ZI, Gogate SS, Day R, Binch A, Markova DZ, Chiverton N, Cole A, Conner M, Shapiro IM, Le Maitre CL, Risbud MV. Aquaporin 1 and 5 expression decreases during human intervertebral disc degeneration: Novel HIF-1-mediated regulation of aquaporins in NP cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11945-58. [PMID: 25844601 PMCID: PMC4494915 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives of this study were to investigate whether AQP1 and AQP5 expression is altered during intervertebral disc degeneration and if hypoxia and HIF-1 regulate their expression in NP cells. AQP expression was measured in human tissues from different degenerative grades; regulation by hypoxia and HIF-1 was studied using promoter analysis and gain- and loss-of-function experiments. We show that both AQPs are expressed in the disc and that mRNA and protein levels decline with human disease severity. Bioinformatic analyses of AQP promoters showed multiple evolutionarily conserved HREs. Surprisingly, hypoxia failed to induce promoter activity or expression of either AQP. While genomic chromatin immunoprecipitation showed limited binding of HIF-1α to conserved HREs, their mutation did not suppress promoter activities. Stable HIF-1α suppression significantly decreased mRNA and protein levels of both AQPs, but HIF-1α failed to induce AQP levels following accumulation. Together, our results demonstrate that AQP1 and AQP5 expression is sensitive to human disc degeneration and that HIF-1α uniquely maintains basal expression of both AQPs in NP cells, independent of oxemic tension and HIF-1 binding to promoter HREs. Diminished HIF-1 activity during degeneration may suppress AQP levels in NP cells, compromising their ability to respond to extracellular osmolarity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zariel I Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shilpa S Gogate
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Day
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abbie Binch
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Dessislava Z Markova
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil Chiverton
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ashley Cole
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matt Conner
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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18
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Aquaporin-1 Deficiency Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Reducing Both Edema and Apoptosis in Mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13807. [PMID: 26348407 PMCID: PMC4562302 DOI: 10.1038/srep13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have determined that AQP1 plays an important role in edema formation and resolution in various tissues via water transport across the cell membrane. The aim of this research was to determine both if and how AQP1 is associated with cardiac ischemic injury, particularly the development of edema following myocardial infarction (MI). AQP1+/+ and AQP1−/− mice were used to create the MI model. Under physiological conditions, AQP1−/− mice develop normally; however, in the setting of MI, they exhibit cardioprotective properties, as shown by reduced cardiac infarct size determined via NBT staining, improved cardiac function determined via left ventricular catheter measurements, decreased AQP1-dependent myocardial edema determined via water content assays, and decreased apoptosis determined via TUNEL analysis. Cardiac ischemia caused by hypoxia secondary to AQP1 deficiency stabilized the expression of HIF-1α in endothelial cells and subsequently decreased microvascular permeability, resulting in the development of edema. The AQP1-dependent myocardial edema and apoptosis contributed to the development of MI. AQP1 deficiency protected cardiac function from ischemic injury following MI. Furthermore, AQP1 deficiency reduced microvascular permeability via the stabilization of HIF-1α levels in endothelial cells and decreased cellular apoptosis following MI.
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19
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Lin F, Pan LH, Ruan L, Qian W, Liang R, Ge WY, Huang B. Differential expression of HIF-1α, AQP-1, and VEGF under acute hypoxic conditions in the non-ventilated lung of a one-lung ventilation rat model. Life Sci 2015; 124:50-5. [PMID: 25592135 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS One-lung ventilation (OLV) is a standard practice in thoracic surgery. However, OLV can give rise to arterial hypoxemia. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) may be involved in arterial hypoxemia and contribute to cellular injury. Therefore, in the present study, these moieties were investigated in an OLV rat model. MAIN METHODS Forty Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats were randomly divided into four groups: right lung mechanical ventilation for 0.5 h (Group A); 1 h (Group B); 2 h (Group C) and mechanical ventilation of both lungs (control group). Rat lung tissue was examined using electron microscopy. Serum and lung tissue levels of VEGF were measured by ELISA, Western blot analyses were used to detect the protein expression of HIF-1α and immunohistochemical staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to examine protein expression and gene levels, respectively, of VEGF and AQP-1 after hypoxia. KEY FINDINGS Electron microscopy revealed that increased duration of OLV was correlated with greater destruction of the non-ventilated lung. The protein expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased in the non-ventilated lungs of the experimental hypoxia groups (A-C) compared to the control group, whereas VEGF and AQP-1 protein expression and gene levels were decreased in the non-ventilated lungs of the hypoxia groups (A-C) compared to the control group. SIGNIFICANCE The OLV caused hypoxia in the non-ventilated lung and subsequent injury. The altered expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and AQP-1 may be involved in the pathological process of lung injury caused by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling-Hui Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Lin Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wan-Yun Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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20
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Leggett K, Maylor J, Undem C, Lai N, Lu W, Schweitzer K, King LS, Myers AC, Sylvester JT, Sidhaye V, Shimoda LA. Hypoxia-induced migration in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells requires calcium-dependent upregulation of aquaporin 1. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L343-53. [PMID: 22683574 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00130.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) migration is a key component of the vascular remodeling that occurs during the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, although the mechanisms governing this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1), an integral membrane water channel protein, has recently been shown to aid in migration of endothelial cells. Since AQP1 is expressed in certain types of vascular smooth muscle, we hypothesized that AQP1 would be expressed in PASMCs and would be required for migration in response to hypoxia. Using PCR and immunoblot techniques, we determined the expression of AQPs in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle and the effect of hypoxia on AQP levels, and we examined the role of AQP1 in hypoxia-induced migration in rat PASMCs using Transwell filter assays. Moreover, since the cytoplasmic tail of AQP1 contains a putative calcium binding site and an increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) is a hallmark of hypoxic exposure in PASMCs, we also determined whether the responses were Ca(2+) dependent. Results were compared with those obtained in aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). We found that although AQP1 was abundant in both PASMCs and AoSMCs, hypoxia selectively increased AQP1 protein levels, [Ca(2+)](i), and migration in PASMCs. Blockade of Ca(2+) entry through voltage-dependent Ca(2+) or nonselective cation channels prevented the hypoxia-induced increase in PASMC [Ca(2+)](i), AQP1 levels, and migration. Silencing AQP1 via siRNA also prevented hypoxia-induced migration of PASMCs. Our results suggest that hypoxia induces a PASMC-specific increase in [Ca(2+)](i) that results in increased AQP1 protein levels and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Leggett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, JHAAC 4A.52, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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21
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Tie L, Lu N, Pan XY, Pan Y, An Y, Gao JW, Lin YH, Yu HM, Li XJ. Hypoxia-induced up-regulation of aquaporin-1 protein in prostate cancer cells in a p38-dependent manner. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29:269-80. [PMID: 22415096 DOI: 10.1159/000337608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is a glycoprotein that mediates osmotic water transport, its expression has been found to correlate with tumour stage in some tumours. However, the mechanism by which AQP1 protein expression is regulated in tumor cells remains to be fully elucidated. We hypothesized that hypoxia might play an important role in AQP1 induction during tumorigenesis and at the late stages of tumor development. METHODS Isotonic and serum-free hypoxic models were used to investigate AQP1 expression in PC-3M human prostate cancer cells. RESULTS AQP1 expression was up-regulated by density-induced pericellular hypoxia and cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl(2))-induced hypoxia at the transcriptional level. Moreover, phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was induced by density-induced pericellular hypoxia and CoCl(2)-induced hypoxia, specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK could concentration-dependently block those effects of hypoxia on AQP1 expression. Intracellular calcium ion (Ca(2+)) and protein kinase C (PKC) were shown to be responsible for the activation of p38 MAPK pathway. In addition, AQP1 induction in dense cultures was dependent on lowered oxygen (O(2)) tension. In high cell density culture, certain secretory proteins might induce AQP1 expression indirectly. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that AQP1 could be induced by hypoxia at transcription level, and the regulation of AQP1 in PC-3M cells is dependent on calcium, PKC and p38 MAPK, as well as low oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural & Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of System Biomedicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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