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Heiderich E, Origgi FC, Pisano SRR, Kittl S, Oevermann A, Ryser-Degiorgis MP, Marti IA. LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES INFECTION IN FREE-RANGING RED FOXES ( VULPES VULPES) AND EURASIAN LYNX ( LYNX LYNX) IN SWITZERLAND. J Zoo Wildl Med 2024; 55:268-276. [PMID: 38453511 DOI: 10.1638/2022-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an ubiquitous environmental saprophytic bacterium causing listeriosis in domestic animals, humans, and occasionally wildlife. In animals, this foodborne zoonotic disease mainly occurs in ruminants and it is rare in carnivores. Seven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and one Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) were diagnosed with listeriosis between 2010 and 2021 at the Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, Bern, Switzerland. Necropsy and histopathology revealed meningitis (six of seven red foxes), hepatitis (six of seven red foxes), pneumonia (five of seven red foxes), splenitis (two of seven red foxes) and splenomegaly (the Eurasian lynx, two of seven red foxes). Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from either lung, spleen, liver, or kidney of all animals. Serotyping detected L. monocytogenes serotype 1/2a in five red foxes and the Eurasian lynx and serotype 4b in two red foxes. Six red foxes were positive for canine distemper virus (CDV) by polymerase chain reaction, whereas the Eurasian lynx and one red fox were negative. One red fox that was positive for CDV and listeriosis was also diagnosed with salmonellosis. The identified L. monocytogenes serotypes are among the three most frequently isolated serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b) from food or the food production environment and those that cause most listeriosis cases in humans and animals. Coinfection with CDV in six red foxes questions the role of CDV as potential predisposing factor for septicemic listeriosis. The detection of listeriosis in the regionally endangered Eurasian lynx and in carnivores highly abundant in urban settings, such as red foxes, reinforces the importance of wildlife health surveillance in a One Health context and adds the Eurasian lynx to the list of carnivores susceptible to the disease. Further investigations are required to assess the prevalence and epidemiology of L. monocytogenes in free-ranging carnivores and its interaction with CDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Heiderich
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Postfach, 3001 Bern, Switzerland,
| | - Francesco C Origgi
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Postfach, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone R R Pisano
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Postfach, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Kittl
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Postfach, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Neurological Sciences, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Iris A Marti
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Postfach, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
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Altissimi C, Noé-Nordberg C, Ranucci D, Paulsen P. Presence of Foodborne Bacteria in Wild Boar and Wild Boar Meat-A Literature Survey for the Period 2012-2022. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081689. [PMID: 37107481 PMCID: PMC10137515 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The wild boar is an abundant game species with high reproduction rates. The management of the wild boar population by hunting contributes to the meat supply and can help to avoid a spillover of transmissible animal diseases to domestic pigs, thus compromising food security. By the same token, wild boar can carry foodborne zoonotic pathogens, impacting food safety. We reviewed literature from 2012-2022 on biological hazards, which are considered in European Union legislation and in international standards on animal health. We identified 15 viral, 10 bacterial, and 5 parasitic agents and selected those nine bacteria that are zoonotic and can be transmitted to humans via food. The prevalence of Campylobacter, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, and Yersinia enterocolitica on muscle surfaces or in muscle tissues of wild boar varied from 0 to ca. 70%. One experimental study reported the transmission and survival of Mycobacterium on wild boar meat. Brucella, Coxiella burnetii, Listeria monocytogenes, and Mycobacteria have been isolated from the liver and spleen. For Brucella, studies stressed the occupational exposure risk, but no indication of meat-borne transmission was evident. Furthermore, the transmission of C. burnetii is most likely via vectors (i.e., ticks). In the absence of more detailed data for the European Union, it is advisable to focus on the efficacy of current game meat inspection and food safety management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Altissimi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - David Ranucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Peter Paulsen
- Unit of Food Hygiene and Technology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Brooks MR, Medley S, Ponder M, Alexander KA. Campylobacter in aquatic and terrestrial mammals is driven by life traits: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1070519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionCampylobacter spp. infections are responsible for significant diarrheal disease burden across the globe, with prevalence thought to be increasing. Although wild avian species have been studied as reservoirs of Campylobacter spp., our understanding of the role of wild mammalian species in disease transmission and persistence is limited. Host factors influencing infection dynamics in wild mammals have been neglected, particularly life traits, and the role of these factors in zoonotic spillover risk is largely unknown.MethodsHere, we conducted a systematic literature review, identifying mammalian species that had been tested for Campylobacter spp. infections (molecular and culture based). We used logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between the detection of Campylobacter spp. in feces and host life traits (urban association, trophic level, and sociality).ResultsOur analysis suggest that C. jejuni transmission is associated with urban living and trophic level. The probability of carriage was highest in urban-associated species (p = 0.02793) and the most informative model included trophic level. In contrast, C. coli carriage appears to be strongly influenced by sociality (p = 0.0113) with trophic level still being important. Detection of Campylobacter organisms at the genus level, however, was only associated with trophic level (p = 0.0156), highlighting the importance of this trait in exposure dynamics across host and Campylobacter pathogen systems.DiscussionWhile many challenges remain in the detection and characterization of Camploybacter spp., these results suggest that host life traits may have important influence on pathogen exposure and transmission dynamics, providing a useful starting point for more directed surveillance approaches.
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Elsby DT, Zadoks RN, Boyd K, Silva N, Chase-Topping M, Mitchel MC, Currie C, Taggart MA. Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli in Scottish wild deer: Prevalence and risk factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120129. [PMID: 36113642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a recognised threat to global health. Obtaining data on the prevalence of AMR in environmental bacteria is key to understanding drivers and routes of transmission. Here, 325 Shiga toxin negative deer faecal samples-gathered from across the Scottish mainland-were screened for the presence of AMR Escherichia coli and investigated for potential risk factors associated with AMR occurrence. E. coli with resistance to antimicrobials of clinical health concern, including carbapenems and 3rd generation cephalosporins, were targeted. Ninety-nine percent of samples yielded E. coli, and the prevalence of resistant E. coli at the level of faecal samples was 21.8% (n = 71) for tetracycline, 6.5% (n = 21) for cefpodoxime, 0.3% for ciprofloxacin (n = 1), with no recorded resistance to meropenem. Potential risk factors for tetracycline and cefpodoxime resistance were investigated. The presence of broadleaved woodlands was significantly associated with both AMR phenotypes, which may relate to land use within or around such woodlands. Associated risk factors varied across resistance phenotype and deer species, with proximity or density of horses an indicator of significantly decreased and increased risk, respectively, or tetracycline and cefpodoxime resistance in E. coli from roe deer, but not from red deer. Distance from wastewater treatment plants was a significant risk factor for tetracycline resistance in E. coli from red deer but not from roe deer. Data indicated that AMR E. coli can occur in wild deer populations that are not directly exposed to the selective pressure exerted by antimicrobial treatment. Overall, resistance to critically important antimicrobials was found to be low in the studied population, suggesting no immediate cause for concern regarding human health. Utilising existing culling frameworks, wild deer in Scotland could function well as a sentinel species for the surveillance of AMR in the Scottish environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek T Elsby
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highland and Islands, Castle St, Thurso, KW14 7JD, United Kingdom.
| | - Ruth N Zadoks
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia; Moredun Research Institute, Pentland Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Boyd
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highland and Islands, Castle St, Thurso, KW14 7JD, United Kingdom
| | - Nuno Silva
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentland Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Margo Chase-Topping
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mairi C Mitchel
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentland Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Currie
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentland Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Taggart
- Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highland and Islands, Castle St, Thurso, KW14 7JD, United Kingdom
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Fredriksson-Ahomaa M, Sauvala M, Kurittu P, Heljanko V, Heikinheimo A, Paulsen P. Characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Hunted Game and Game Meat from Finland. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223679. [PMID: 36429271 PMCID: PMC9689155 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne zoonotic bacterium. It is a heterogeneous species that can be classified into lineages, serogroups, clonal complexes, and sequence types. Only scarce information exists on the properties of L. monocytogenes from game and game meat. We characterised 75 L. monocytogenes isolates from various game sources found in Finland between 2012 and 2020. The genetic diversity, presence of virulence and antimicrobial genes were studied with whole genome sequencing. Most (89%) of the isolates belonged to phylogenetic lineage (Lin) II and serogroup (SG) IIa. SGs IVb (8%) and IIb (3%) of Lin I were sporadically identified. In total, 18 clonal complexes and 21 sequence types (STs) were obtained. The most frequent STs were ST451 (21%), ST585 (12%) and ST37 (11%) found in different sample types between 2012 and 2020. We observed 10 clusters, formed by closely related isolates with 0-10 allelic differences. Most (79%) of the virulence genes were found in all of the L. monocytogenes isolates. Only fosX and lin were found out of 46 antimicrobial resistance genes. Our results demonstrate that potentially virulent and antimicrobial-sensitive L. monocytogenes isolates associated with human listeriosis are commonly found in hunted game and game meat in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fredriksson-Ahomaa
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mikaela Sauvala
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Kurittu
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Viivi Heljanko
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Heikinheimo
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Microbiology Unit, Finnish Food Authority, 60100 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Peter Paulsen
- Unit of Food Hygiene and Technology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Takai S. Guidelines on the hygienic management of wild meat in Japan. Meat Sci 2022; 191:108864. [PMID: 35660292 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The density and distribution of wild ungulates, especially sika deer (Cervus nippon) and wild boar (Sus scrofa), have increased across the Japanese archipelago in the last two decades. The tradition of consuming wild game meat has been inherited in limited areas in Japan, but recently, the use of wild animals for food has increased. Game meat has become popular at local restaurants and retail meat shops. However, fundamental knowledge of game meat hygiene and health risks has not been fully established among hunters, meat processors, restaurant operators, and consumers. Moreover, game meat-borne illnesses have been reported occasionally. Unlike domesticated livestock, wild animals are not inspected for diseases when being butchered for food, and the meat obtained is at a high risk of being unhygienic. The Guidelines on the hygienic management of wild meat were established in 2014 to ensure the safety of wild meat in Japan. This study describes the situation regarding wild animals and game meat in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Takai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
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Castillo-Contreras R, Marín M, López-Olvera JR, Ayats T, Fernandez Aguilar X, Lavín S, Mentaberre G, Cerdà-Cuéllar M. Zoonotic Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. carried by wild boars in a metropolitan area: occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility and public health relevance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153444. [PMID: 35092769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. are the most reported zoonotic agents in Europe. They can be transmitted from wildlife to humans, and wild boars (Sus scrofa) can harbour them. In the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (MAB, NE Spain) wild boars are found in urbanized areas. To assess the potential public health risk of this increasing wild boar population, we collected stool samples from 130 wild boars from the MAB (June 2015 - February 2016), to determine the Campylobacter and Salmonella occurrence and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. We also investigated the genetic diversity and virulence potential of Campylobacter. Campylobacter prevalence in wild boars was 61%. Forty six percent of wild boars carried Campylobacter lanienae, 16% carried Campylobacter coli, and 1% carried Campylobacter hyointestinalis; 4% carried both C. lanienae and C. coli, and 1% carried both C. lanienae and C. hyointestinalis. This is the first report of C. hyointestinalis in wildlife in Spain. Using pulse-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing, we observed a high genetic diversity of Campylobacter and identified new sequence types. Thirty-three percent of C. coli and 14% of C. lanienae isolates showed a high virulence potential. All of the Campylobacter isolates analysed were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. Multidrug resistance was only detected in C. coli (67%). Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica was detected in four wild boars (3%) and included a S. Enteritidis serovar (1/4 wild boars) and a multidrug-resistant (ASSuT) monophasic S. Typhimurium serovar (1/4 wild boars) which is associated with human infections and pig meat in Europe. The characteristics of some of the Campylobacter and Salmonella isolates recovered suggest an anthropogenic origin. Wild boars are a reservoir of Campylobacter and have the potential to spread antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter and Salmonella in urbanized areas in the MAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Castillo-Contreras
- Wildlife Ecology and Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Marín
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Ramón López-Olvera
- Wildlife Ecology and Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Ayats
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Fernandez Aguilar
- Wildlife Ecology and Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Lavín
- Wildlife Ecology and Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology and Health group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Serra Húnter fellow; Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H) and Departament de Ciència Animal, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària (ETSEA), Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Av. Rovira Roure 191, E-25098 Lleida, Spain
| | - Marta Cerdà-Cuéllar
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Kerkhof PJ, Peruzy MF, Murru N, Houf K. Wild boars as reservoir for Campylobacter and Arcobacter. Vet Microbiol 2022; 270:109462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Morita S, Sato S, Maruyama S, Miyagawa A, Nakamura K, Nakamura M, Asakura H, Sugiyama H, Takai S, Maeda K, Kabeya H. Prevalence and whole-genome sequence analysis of Campylobacter spp. strains isolated from wild deer and boar in Japan. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 82:101766. [PMID: 35176619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As a part of risk analysis for consumption of meat from wild animals, the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in wild deer and boar in Japan was investigated. C. hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis (C. hyointestinalis) was isolated from 2.8% (7/253) of the wild deer and 22.1% (71/321) of the wild boar examined. All 23 wild deer isolates and 141 (72.7%) wild boar isolates carried both chcdt-I and chcdt-II genes. The remaining 53 (27.3%) wild boar isolates had only the chcdt-II gene. By whole-genome sequence analysis, we detected 38-40 virulence- and survival-associated genes (motility, chemotactic, adhesion, invasion, toxin, glycosylation, iron uptake, drug resistance, and stress response), which had been identified in C. jejuni and C. coli. In conclusion, our study highlights C. hyointestinalis as a possible cause of food-borne disease in humans and emphasizes the importance of food hygiene in the processing of wild meats for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252- 0880, Japan
| | - Shingo Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Soichi Maruyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Asuka Miyagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252- 0880, Japan
| | - Kiriko Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252- 0880, Japan
| | - Mizuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252- 0880, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kabeya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252- 0880, Japan.
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10
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Morita S, Sato S, Maruyama S, Nagasaka M, Murakami K, Inada K, Uchiumi M, Yokoyama E, Asakura H, Sugiyama H, Takai S, Maeda K, Kabeya H. Whole-genome sequence analysis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 strains isolated from wild deer and boar in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1860-1868. [PMID: 34629335 PMCID: PMC8762402 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) strains in wild deer and boar in Japan was investigated. STEC O157 strains were isolated from 1.9% (9/474) of the wild deer and 0.7% (3/426) of the wild boar examined. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis classified the wild deer and boar strains into four and three PFGE patterns, respectively. The PFGE pattern of one wild boar strain was similar to that of a cattle strain that had been isolated from a farm in the same area the wild boar was caught, suggesting that a STEC O157 strain may have been transmitted between wild boar and cattle. Clade analysis indicated that, although most of the strains were classified in clade 12, two strains were classified in clade 7. Whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis indicated that all the strains carried mdfA, a drug resistance gene for macrolide antibiotics, and also pathogenicity-related genes similar to those in the Sakai strain. In conclusion, our study emphasized the importance of food hygiene in processing meat from Japanese wild animals for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Morita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Shingo Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Soichi Maruyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Mariko Nagasaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Kou Murakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Kazuya Inada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Masako Uchiumi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Eiji Yokoyama
- Division of Bacteriology, Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Shinji Takai
- Laboratory of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Disease
| | - Hidenori Kabeya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Food Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
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11
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Fornefett J, Busch A, Döpping S, Hotzel H, Rimek D. Bacterial gastroenteritis caused by the putative zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter lanienae: First reported case in Germany. Access Microbiol 2021; 3:000199. [PMID: 34151154 PMCID: PMC8209712 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne campylobacteriosis is the most common cause of human bacterial enteritis in Germany. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the main causative agents for enteric disease, but a number of other species are involved, including rare ones. These rare Campylobacter spp. are emerging zoonotic pathogens in humans due to increasing international movement of supplies, livestock and people. Campylobacter lanienae was first isolated from healthy abattoir workers in Switzerland and at first its pathogenic potential for humans was considered to be low. Recently, the first case of Campylobacter lanienae-associated human enteritis was reported in Canada. Here, we describe a case of mild Campylobacter lanienae-associated enteritis with subsequent asymptomatic excretion in a butcher. The isolate is available at the TLV strain collection (no. TP00333/18). This first reported case of human Campylobacter lanienae campylobacteriosis in Germany demonstrates the agent’s likely zoonotic pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Fornefett
- Thuringian State Authority for Consumer Protection, Tennstedter Str. 8/9, 99947 Bad Langensalza, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Anne Busch
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Sandra Döpping
- Thuringian State Authority for Consumer Protection, Tennstedter Str. 8/9, 99947 Bad Langensalza, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Helmut Hotzel
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Thuringia, Germany
| | - Dagmar Rimek
- Thuringian State Authority for Consumer Protection, Tennstedter Str. 8/9, 99947 Bad Langensalza, Thuringia, Germany
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12
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Torres-Blas I, Fernández Aguilar X, Cabezón O, Aragon V, Migura-García L. Antimicrobial Resistance in Pasteurellaceae Isolates from Pyrenean Chamois ( Rupicapra pyrenaica) and Domestic Sheep in an Alpine Ecosystem. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1686. [PMID: 34198883 PMCID: PMC8226726 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has spread worldwide due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs in human and veterinary medicine, becoming a public health problem. However, little is known about its occurrence and maintenance in wild animals, and very few studies have been carried out in ecosystems subjected to low human pressure. In our study, nasal and lung swabs were collected from hunted Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), and nasal swabs from sympatric domestic sheep were also collected. The swabs were cultured in agar plates to obtain bacterial isolates from the Pasteurellaceae family. The presence of AMR was assessed in a total of 28 Pasteurellaceae isolates from 45 Pyrenean chamois, and 9 isolates from sympatric domestic sheep found in the National Hunting Reserve of Freser-Setcases (Northeastern Pyrenees, Spain). The isolates belonged to one of the following three species: Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Bibersteinia trehalosi. Some P. multocida and M. haemolytica isolates tested positive for AMR. The statistical analysis revealed no differences between the AMR levels from chamois and domestic sheep isolates. However, one P. multocida of chamois origin presented resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, which are antibiotics of critical importance for human health. Further studies are required to elucidate potential routes of dissemination of AMR genes in natural environments and assess any significant persistence in wildlife to design risk mitigation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Torres-Blas
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (I.T.-B.); (X.F.A.); (O.C.)
- Research and Conservation Department, Zoo de Barcelona, Parc de la Ciutadella s/n, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Fernández Aguilar
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (I.T.-B.); (X.F.A.); (O.C.)
- Department of Ecosystem & Public Health, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Oscar Cabezón
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (I.T.-B.); (X.F.A.); (O.C.)
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Virginia Aragon
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanidad Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Lourdes Migura-García
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanidad Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
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13
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Listeria spp. Isolated from Tonsils of Wild Deer and Boars: Genomic Characterization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02651-20. [PMID: 33397708 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02651-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a major human and animal foodborne pathogen. However, data from environmental reservoirs remain scarce. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing to characterize Listeria species isolates recovered over 1 year from wild animals in their natural habitats in Spain. Three different Listeria spp. (L. monocytogenes [n = 19], Listeria ivanovii subsp. londoniensis [n = 4], and Listeria innocua [n = 3]) were detected in 23 animal tonsils (9 deer, 14 wild boars) and 2 feeding troughs. No Listeria species was detected in feces. L. monocytogenes was detected in tonsils of 44.4% (8 out of 18) of deer and 40.7% (11 out of 27) of wild boars. L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to 3 different core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) types (CTs) of 3 distinct sublineages (SL1, SL387, and SL155) from lineages I and II. While cgMLST type L1-SL1-ST1-CT5279 (IVb; clonal complex 1 [CC1]) occurred only in one animal, types L1-SL387-ST388-CT5239 (IVb; CC388) and L2-SL155-ST155-CT1170 (IIa; CC155) were retrieved from multiple animals. In addition, L1-SL387-ST388-CT5239 (IVb; CC388) isolates were collected 1 year apart, revealing their long-term occurrence within the animal population and/or environmental reservoir. The presence of identical L. monocytogenes strains in deer and wild boars suggests contamination from a common food or environmental source, although interhost transmission cannot be excluded. Pathogenicity islands LIPI-1, LIPI-3, and LIPI-4 were present in 100%, 5%, and 79% of the L. monocytogenes isolates, respectively, and all L. monocytogenes lineage II isolates (n = 3) carried SSI-1 stress islands. This study highlights the need for monitoring L. monocytogenes environmental contamination and the importance of tonsils as a possible L. monocytogenes intrahost reservoir.IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterial pathogen responsible for listeriosis. Whole-genome sequencing has been extensively used in public health and food industries to characterize circulating Listeria isolates, but genomic data on isolates occurring in natural environments and wild animals are still scarce. Here, we show that wild animals carry pathogenic Listeria and that the same genotypes can be found at different time points in different host species. This work highlights the need of Listeria species monitoring of environmental contamination and the importance of tonsils as a possible L. monocytogenes intrahost reservoir.
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Tomino Y, Andoh M, Horiuchi Y, Shin J, Ai R, Nakamura T, Toda M, Yonemitsu K, Takano A, Shimoda H, Maeda K, Kodera Y, Oshima I, Takayama K, Inadome T, Shioya K, Fukazawa M, Ishihara K, Chuma T. Surveillance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. in wild Japanese deer (Cervus nippon) and boar (Sus scrofa). J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1287-1294. [PMID: 32655094 PMCID: PMC7538328 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing game meat consumption in Japan requires the dissemination of safety information regarding the presence of human pathogens in game animals. Health information regarding the suitability of these animals as a meat source is not widely available. In this study, we aimed to evaluate
the safety of game meat and detect potential human pathogens in wild deer (Cervus nippon) and boar (Sus scrofa) in Japan. Fecal samples from 305 wild deer and 248 boars of Yamaguchi, Kagoshima, and Tochigi prefectures collected monthly for 2 years were
examined for the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Campylobacter spp. STEC was isolated from 51 deer consistently throughout the year and from three boars; O-antigen genotype O146, the expression of stx2b, and
eaeA absence (n=33) were the major characteristics of our STEC isolates. Other serotypes included the medically important O157, stx2b or stx2c, and eaeA-positive (n=4) and O26, stx1a, and
eaeA-positive strains (n=1). Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 17 deer and 31 boars. Campylobacter hyointestinalis was the most common species isolated from 17 deer and 25 boars, whereas Campylobacter lanienae and
Campylobacter coli were isolated from three and two boars, respectively. Seasonal trends for the isolation of these bacteria were not significant. This study demonstrates that wild game animals carry human pathogens; therefore, detailed knowledge of the safe handling of
game meat is needed to prevent foodborne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Tomino
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masako Andoh
- Laboratory of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Yuta Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Jiye Shin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Ai
- Laboratory of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takaki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mizuki Toda
- Laboratory of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kenzo Yonemitsu
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ai Takano
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimoda
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yuuji Kodera
- Center for Weed and Wildlife Management, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Ichiro Oshima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Koji Takayama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takayasu Inadome
- General Incorporated Foundation Kagoshima Environmental Research and Service, 1-1-5 Nanatsujima, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 891-0132, Japan
| | - Katsunori Shioya
- General Incorporated Foundation Kagoshima Environmental Research and Service, 1-1-5 Nanatsujima, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 891-0132, Japan
| | - Motoki Fukazawa
- Tamagawa University Farm Kushi, Kagoshima, 880 Bonotsucho Kushi, Misamisatuma, Kagoshima 898-0211, Japan
| | - Kanako Ishihara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takehisa Chuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.,Laboratory of Pathological and Preventive Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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15
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Morita Y. [Meat Hygiene of Wild Boar and Deer Biological Hazard of Game Meat and Hygienic Slaughtering Methods]. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2020; 61:77-85. [PMID: 32611947 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.61.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Parsons C, Niedermeyer J, Gould N, Brown P, Strules J, Parsons AW, Bernardo Mesa‐Cruz J, Kelly MJ, Hooker MJ, Chamberlain MJ, Olfenbuttel C, DePerno C, Kathariou S. Listeria monocytogenes at the human-wildlife interface: black bears (Ursus americanus) as potential vehicles for Listeria. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:706-721. [PMID: 31713354 PMCID: PMC7111103 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of the foodborne illness listeriosis, which can result in severe symptoms and death in susceptible humans and other animals. L. monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and isolates from food and food processing, and clinical sources have been extensively characterized. However, limited information is available on L. monocytogenes from wildlife, especially from urban or suburban settings. As urban and suburban areas are expanding worldwide, humans are increasingly encroaching into wildlife habitats, enhancing the frequency of human-wildlife contacts and associated pathogen transfer events. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in 231 wild black bear capture events between 2014 and 2017 in urban and suburban sites in North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia and United States, with samples derived from 183 different bears. Of the 231 captures, 105 (45%) yielded L. monocytogenes either alone or together with other Listeria. Analysis of 501 samples, primarily faeces, rectal and nasal swabs for Listeria spp., yielded 777 isolates, of which 537 (70%) were L. monocytogenes. Most L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited serotypes commonly associated with human disease: serotype 1/2a or 3a (57%), followed by the serotype 4b complex (33%). Interestingly, approximately 50% of the serotype 4b isolates had the IVb-v1 profile, associated with emerging clones of L. monocytogenes. Thus, black bears may serve as novel vehicles for L. monocytogenes, including potentially emerging clones. Our results have significant public health implications as they suggest that the ursine host may preferentially select for L. monocytogenes of clinically relevant lineages over the diverse listerial populations in the environment. These findings also help to elucidate the ecology of L. monocytogenes and highlight the public health significance of the human-wildlife interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Parsons
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Jeff Niedermeyer
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Nicholas Gould
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Phillip Brown
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Jennifer Strules
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Arielle W. Parsons
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
- North Carolina Museum of Natural SciencesRaleighNCUSA
| | - J. Bernardo Mesa‐Cruz
- Department of Fish and Wildlife ConservationVirginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA
- Department of BiologyElizabethtown CollegeElizabethtownPAUSA
| | - Marcella J. Kelly
- Department of Fish and Wildlife ConservationVirginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA
| | - Michael J. Hooker
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | | | | | - Christopher DePerno
- Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Department of Forestry and Environmental ResourcesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Sophia Kathariou
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
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17
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Terefe Y, Deblais L, Ghanem M, Helmy YA, Mummed B, Chen D, Singh N, Ahyong V, Kalantar K, Yimer G, Yousuf Hassen J, Mohammed A, McKune SL, Manary MJ, Ordiz MI, Gebreyes W, Havelaar AH, Rajashekara G. Co-occurrence of Campylobacter Species in Children From Eastern Ethiopia, and Their Association With Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Diarrhea, and Host Microbiome. Front Public Health 2020; 8:99. [PMID: 32351922 PMCID: PMC7174729 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High Campylobacter prevalence during early childhood has been associated with stunting and environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), especially in low resource settings. This study assessed the prevalence, diversity, abundance, and co-occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in stools from children in a rural area of eastern Ethiopia and their association with microbiome, diarrhea, and EED in children. Stool samples (n = 100) were collected from randomly selected children (age range: 360-498 days) in five kebeles in Haramaya District, Ethiopia. Diarrhea, compromised gut permeability, and gut inflammation were observed in 48, 45, and 57% of children, respectively. Campylobacter prevalence and species diversity were assessed using PCR and meta-total RNA sequencing (MeTRS). The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in the children's stools was 50% (41-60%) by PCR and 88% (80-93.6%) by MeTRS (P < 0.01). Further, seven Campylobacter species (Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter upsaliensis, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter sp. RM6137, uncultured Campylobacter sp., and Campylobacter sp. RM12175) were detected by MeTRS in at least 40% of children stools in high abundance (>1.76-log read per million per positive stool sample). Four clusters of Campylobacter species (5-12 species per cluster) co-occurred in the stool samples, suggesting that Campylobacter colonization of children may have occurred through multiple reservoirs or from a reservoir in which several Campylobacter species may co-inhabit. No associations between Campylobacter spp., EED, and diarrhea were detected in this cross-sectional study; however, characteristic microbiome profiles were identified based on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp., EED severity, and diarrhea. Forty-seven bacterial species were correlated with Campylobacter, and 13 of them also correlated with gut permeability, gut inflammation and/or EED severity. Forty-nine species not correlated with Campylobacter were correlated with gut permeability, gut inflammation, EED severity and/or diarrhea. This study demonstrated that (1) in addition to C. jejuni and C. coli, multiple non-thermophilic Campylobacter spp. (i.e., Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Campylobacter fetus, and Campylobacter concisus) were frequently detected in the children's stools and (2) the Campylobacter, gut permeability, gut inflammation, EED severity, and diarrhea were associated with characteristic microbiome composition. Additional spatial and longitudinal studies are needed to identify environmental reservoirs and sources of infection of children with disparate Campylobacter species and to better define their associations with EED in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitagele Terefe
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Loïc Deblais
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mostafa Ghanem
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Bahar Mummed
- Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Dehao Chen
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nitya Singh
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Vida Ahyong
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Getnet Yimer
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Yousuf Hassen
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Sarah L. McKune
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mark J. Manary
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MI, United States
| | - Maria Isabel Ordiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MI, United States
| | - Wondwossen Gebreyes
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Arie H. Havelaar
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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18
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Mutschall SK, Hetman BM, Bondo KJ, Gannon VPJ, Jardine CM, Taboada EN. Campylobacter jejuni Strain Dynamics in a Raccoon ( Procyon lotor) Population in Southern Ontario, Canada: High Prevalence and Rapid Subtype Turnover. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:27. [PMID: 32118057 PMCID: PMC7026257 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-ranging wildlife are increasingly recognized as potential reservoirs of disease-causing Campylobacter species such as C. jejuni and C. coli. Raccoons (Procyon lotor), which live at the interface of rural, urban, and more natural environments, are ideal subjects for exploring the potential role that wildlife play in the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis. We studied the prevalence and genetic diversity of Campylobacter from live-captured raccoons on five swine farms and five conservation areas in southwest Ontario. From 2011 to 2013, we collected fecal swabs (n = 1,096) from raccoons, and (n = 50) manure pit samples from the swine farm environment. We subtyped the resulting Campylobacter isolates (n = 581) using Comparative Genomic Fingerprinting (CGF) and 114 distinct subtypes were observed, including 96 and 18 subtypes among raccoon and manure pit isolates, respectively. Campylobacter prevalence in raccoons was 46.3%, with 98.7% of isolates recovered identified as C. jejuni. Novel raccoon-specific CGF subtypes (n = 40/96) accounted for 24.6% (n = 143/581) of Campylobacter isolates collected in this study. Our results also show that C. jejuni is readily acquired and lost in this wild raccoon population and that a high Campylobacter prevalence is observed despite transient carriage typically lasting 30 days or fewer. Moreover, although raccoons appeared to be colonized by species-adapted subtypes, they also harbored agriculture-associated genotypes that accounted for the majority of isolates observed (66.4%) and that are strongly associated with human infections. This suggests that raccoons may act as vectors in the transmission of clinically-relevant C. jejuni subtypes at the interface of rural, urban, and more natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Mutschall
- National Centre for Animal Diseases, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin M Hetman
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Kristin J Bondo
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Victor P J Gannon
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Lethbridge, Public Health Agency of Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Claire M Jardine
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.,Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Eduardo N Taboada
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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19
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Pushkareva VI, Podlipaeva JI, Goodkov AV, Ermolaeva SA. Experimental Listeria-Tetrahymena-Amoeba food chain functioning depends on bacterial virulence traits. BMC Ecol 2019; 19:47. [PMID: 31757213 PMCID: PMC6874821 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-019-0265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some pathogenic bacteria have been developing as a part of terrestrial and aquatic microbial ecosystems. Bacteria are consumed by bacteriovorous protists which are readily consumed by larger organisms. Being natural predators, protozoa are also an instrument for selection of virulence traits in bacteria. Moreover, protozoa serve as a “Trojan horse” that deliver pathogens to the human body. Here, we suggested that carnivorous amoebas feeding on smaller bacteriovorous protists might serve as “Troy” themselves when pathogens are delivered to them with their preys. A dual role might be suggested for protozoa in the development of traits required for bacterial passage along the food chain. Results A model food chain was developed. Pathogenic bacteria L. monocytogenes or related saprophytic bacteria L. innocua constituted the base of the food chain, bacteriovorous ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis was an intermediate consumer, and carnivorous amoeba Amoeba proteus was a consumer of the highest order. The population of A. proteus demonstrated variations in behaviour depending on whether saprophytic or virulent Listeria was used to feed the intermediate consumer, T. pyriformis. Feeding of A. proteus with T. pyriformis that grazed on saprophytic bacteria caused prevalence of pseudopodia-possessing hungry amoebas. Statistically significant prevalence of amoebas with spherical morphology typical for fed amoebas was observed when pathogenic L. monocytogenes were included in the food chain. Moreover, consumption of tetrahymenas fed with saprophytic L. innocua improved growth of A. proteus population while L. monocytogenes-filled tetrahymenas provided negative effect. Both pathogenic and saprophytic bacteria were delivered to A. proteus alive but only L. monocytogenes multiplied within amoebas. Observed differences in A. proteus population behaviour suggested that virulent L. monocytogenes might slow down restoration of A. proteus ability to hunt again and thus restrict the size of A. proteus population. Comparison of isogenic bacterial pairs that did or did not produce the haemolysin listeriolysin O (LLO) suggested a role for LLO in passing L. monocytogenes along the food chain. Conclusions Our results support the idea of protozoa as a means of pathogen delivery to consumers of a higher order and demonstrated a dual role of protozoa as both a “Trojan horse” and “Troy.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina I Pushkareva
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya st. 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia
| | - Julia I Podlipaeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrew V Goodkov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ermolaeva
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya st. 18, Moscow, 123098, Russia. .,National Research Centre on Virology and Microbiology, Pokrov, Russia.
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20
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Psareva EK, Egorova IY, Liskova EA, Razheva IV, Gladkova NA, Sokolova EV, Potemkin EA, Zhurilov PA, Mikhaleva TV, Blokhin AA, Chalenko YM, Kolbasov DV, Ermolaeva SА. Retrospective Study of Listeria Monocytogenes Isolated in the Territory of Inner Eurasia from 1947 to 1999. Pathogens 2019; 8:E184. [PMID: 31614553 PMCID: PMC6963828 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is one of the most significant humans and animals foodborne infectious diseases. Here, we characterized 48 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated in the territory of inner Eurasia during the second half of the 20th century. A total of 23 strains (52.3%) were susceptible to the nine antibiotics tested, 30.43%, 15.22%, and 8.7% were resistant penicillin G, ampicillin, and enrofloxacin, respectively. We applied the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme to determine the phylogenetic positions of the strains. All but one strain belonged to the II phylogenetic lineage, and the majority of the strains belonged to one of the previously described clonal complexes (СCs). More than 60% of the strains belonged to the clonal complex CC7 that prevailed among all sources, including cattle (58%), small ruminants (64%), rodents (71%), and humans (50%). Further, CC7, CC101, and CC124 were found among human isolates. The MLST scheme was supplemented with virulence gene analysis. In total, eight inlA, six inlB, and six inlC allelic variants were found, and all but one strain carried one of the two inlE alleles. Most strains (62.5%) belonged to the same multivirulence locus sequence typing (MvLST) type, which includes CC7, inlA allele 4, inlB allele 14, inlC allele 6, and inlE allele 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina K Psareva
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Irina Yu Egorova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, 601125 Volginsky, Russia.
| | - Elena A Liskova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Irina V Razheva
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Nadezda A Gladkova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Elena V Sokolova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Eugene A Potemkin
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Pavel A Zhurilov
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Tatyana V Mikhaleva
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Samara Research Veterinary Institute Branch, Samara 443013, Russia.
| | - Andrei A Blokhin
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Yaroslava M Chalenko
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Denis V Kolbasov
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, 601125 Volginsky, Russia.
| | - Svetlana А Ermolaeva
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
- Gamaleya Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
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21
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Bonardi S, Bolzoni L, Zanoni RG, Morganti M, Corradi M, Gilioli S, Pongolini S. Limited Exchange of Salmonella Among Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars in Italy. ECOHEALTH 2019; 16:420-428. [PMID: 31119408 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-019-01418-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study assessed Salmonella carriage in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and compared their isolates with those recovered from the domestic swine population of the same area of northern Italy (Emilia-Romagna), characterized by intensive pig farming and rather high density of wild boars. A total of 189 wild boars hunted during twelve months (2017-2018) were tested for Salmonella in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and faecal samples. Antimicrobial resistance of recovered strains was tested against 14 antimicrobials. Salmonella was detected in 33/189 wild boars (17.5%), specifically from 30/189 MLN (15.9%) and 6/189 faecal samples (3.2%). Three animals were positive in both samples. Thirteen Salmonella serovars were identified, i.e. Typhimurium (the most common), Bovismorbificans, Coeln, Derby, Enteritidis, Gaminara, Hessarek, Houtenae IV, Kottbus, Napoli, Stanleyville, Thompson and Veneziana. Salmonella carriage was higher in warm than in cold months (P = 0.0013). Pregnancy status was never associated with Salmonella carriage, with significant difference in the recovery of the pathogen between non-pregnant and pregnant females (P = 0.003). Only one resistance pattern to streptomycin and tetracycline was found in 15 isolates (41.7%) belonging to Typhimurium (14/14; 100%) and Kottbus (1/3; 33.3%) serovars. Overlap with isolates from farmed pigs was limited at serotype level (Typhimurium, Derby, Enteritis, Bovismorbificans, Kottbus) and absent at PFGE level, and also antimicrobial resistance patterns were substantially different. This evidence indicates a substantial segregation of the two animal populations with regard to infectious contacts, possibly suggesting that biosecurity measures in place at industrial farm level limit the exchange of Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bonardi
- Unit of Food Inspection, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Luca Bolzoni
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Sezione di Parma, Strada dei Mercati 13/A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Renato Giulio Zanoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Marina Morganti
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Sezione di Parma, Strada dei Mercati 13/A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Margherita Corradi
- Management Body for Parks and Biodiversity "Emilia Occidentale", Sala Baganza, PR, Italy
| | - Stefano Gilioli
- Management Body for Parks and Biodiversity "Emilia Occidentale", Sala Baganza, PR, Italy
| | - Stefano Pongolini
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Sezione di Parma, Strada dei Mercati 13/A, 43126, Parma, Italy
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22
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Kadohira M, Phiri BJ, Hill G, Yoshizaki R, Takai S. Game Meat Consumption and Foodborne Illness in Japan: A Web-Based Questionnaire Survey. J Food Prot 2019; 82:1224-1232. [PMID: 31233358 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS Game meat represents a unique source of foodborne illness in humans. A Web-based survey about game meat consumption was completed by 50,000 respondents. The odds of illness were greater among consumers of raw game meat than processed meat. The greater the number of game meat types consumed, the higher the prevalence of illness. Those who hunted and prepared bear, boar, and deer meat were likely to get ill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsuyo Kadohira
- 1 Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho Nishi 2-11, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-9864 [G.H.])
| | - Bernard J Phiri
- 2 Biosecurity Surveillance and Incursion Investigation Team, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 40742, 66 Ward Street, Upper Hutt 5140, New Zealand (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1768-6048 [B.J.P.])
| | - Glen Hill
- 1 Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho Nishi 2-11, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-9864 [G.H.])
| | - Rika Yoshizaki
- 3 Technological Information Business Department, Frontier Business Division, Toray Research Center, Inc., Sonoyama 3-3-7, Otsu, Shiga 520-8567, Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- 4 Laboratory of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23-35-1, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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23
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Brown VR, Bowen RA, Bosco‐Lauth AM. Zoonotic pathogens from feral swine that pose a significant threat to public health. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:649-659. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. R. Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - R. A. Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
| | - A. M. Bosco‐Lauth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
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24
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Miller WG, Yee E, Lopes BS, Chapman MH, Huynh S, Bono JL, Parker CT, Strachan NJC, Forbes KJ. Comparative Genomic Analysis Identifies a Campylobacter Clade Deficient in Selenium Metabolism. Genome Biol Evol 2017; 9:1843-1858. [PMID: 28854596 PMCID: PMC5570042 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonthermotolerant Campylobacter species C. fetus, C. hyointestinalis, C. iguaniorum, and C. lanienae form a distinct phylogenetic cluster within the genus. These species are primarily isolated from foraging (swine) or grazing (e.g., cattle, sheep) animals and cause sporadic and infrequent human illness. Previous typing studies identified three putative novel C. lanienae-related taxa, based on either MLST or atpA sequence data. To further characterize these putative novel taxa and the C. fetus group as a whole, 76 genomes were sequenced, either to completion or to draft level. These genomes represent 26 C. lanienae strains and 50 strains of the three novel taxa. C. fetus, C. hyointestinalis and C. iguaniorum genomes were previously sequenced to completion; therefore, a comparative genomic analysis across the entire C. fetus group was conducted (including average nucleotide identity analysis) that supports the initial identification of these three novel Campylobacter species. Furthermore, C. lanienae and the three putative novel species form a discrete clade within the C. fetus group, which we have termed the C. lanienae clade. This clade is distinguished from other members of the C. fetus group by a reduced genome size and distinct CRISPR/Cas systems. Moreover, there are two signature characteristics of the C. lanienae clade. C. lanienae clade genomes carry four to ten unlinked and similar, but nonidentical, flagellin genes. Additionally, all 76 C. lanienae clade genomes sequenced demonstrate a complete absence of genes related to selenium metabolism, including genes encoding the selenocysteine insertion machinery, selenoproteins, and the selenocysteinyl tRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Miller
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA
| | - Emma Yee
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA
| | - Bruno S Lopes
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Mary H Chapman
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA
| | - Steven Huynh
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA
| | - James L Bono
- Meat Safety and Quality Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, NE
| | - Craig T Parker
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA
| | - Norval J C Strachan
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Ken J Forbes
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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25
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Cummings KJ, Rodriguez-Rivera LD, McNeely I, Suchodolski JS, Mesenbrink BT, Leland BR, Bodenchuk MJ. Fecal shedding of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli among feral pigs in Texas. Zoonoses Public Health 2017; 65:215-217. [PMID: 28834190 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The population and range of feral pigs in the United States are rapidly expanding, yet key knowledge gaps exist regarding their role in the ecology and transmission of foodborne pathogens. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli shedding among feral pigs throughout Texas and to identify risk factors for positive status. Faecal samples were collected from feral pigs in Texas from February 2014 through May 2015, and target organisms were detected using PCR assays. The prevalence of C. jejuni shedding was 1.6% (6/370), and the prevalence of C. coli shedding was 3.5% (13/370). C. coli shedding was significantly more common (p = .008) among female pigs than among male pigs. Feral pigs may represent a source of human campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Cummings
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - I McNeely
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - B T Mesenbrink
- United States Department of Agriculture, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - B R Leland
- United States Department of Agriculture, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M J Bodenchuk
- United States Department of Agriculture, San Antonio, TX, USA
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26
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Complete Genome Sequences of Campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis Strain LMG 9260 and C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii Strain LMG 15993. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/4/e00665-16. [PMID: 27417840 PMCID: PMC4945800 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00665-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter hyointestinalis is isolated primarily from ruminants and swine, but is also occasionally isolated from humans. C. hyointestinalis is currently divided into two subspecies, C. hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis and C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii This study describes the first closed whole-genome sequences of C. hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis isolate LMG 9260 and C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii isolate LMG 15993.
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27
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Lévesque S, Lemay F, Bekal S, Frost EH, Michaud S. First reported case of Campylobacter lanienae enteritis in a human. JMM Case Rep 2016; 3:e005045. [PMID: 28348764 PMCID: PMC5330232 DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Campylobacters are the most frequently identified bacteria causing diarrhoea in humans worldwide. Campylobacter lanienae was isolated for the first time in 2000 from faecal samples of two asymptomatic abattoir workers in Switzerland during a routine hygiene screen, but has never been associated with human disease. Case presentation: At hospital admission, the patient reported diarrhoea, lower abdominal cramps, nausea, one episode of bilious vomiting and low-grade fever of 38 °C. The patient was having 10 or more diarrheic stools per day as well as during the night, and had noticed blood mixed with the stools on several occasions. Stool cultures were negative for species of Salmonella and Shigella, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Yersinia enterocolitica, but were positive for C. lanienae. Identification was made by classical biochemical testing, as well as 16S rRNA gene and cpn60 sequencing. The patient slowly improved without antibiotic treatment and was discharged nine days after admission with complete resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: On the whole it seems very likely that C. lanienae was the causative agent. Clinical microbiologists should be aware of this micro-organism which can be identified by phenotypic and molecular methods. The real burden of C. lanienae infection in humans might be underestimated and should be further investigated as a potential cause of human diarrhoea disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lévesque
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec/Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec , Canada
| | - Frédéric Lemay
- Faculté de Médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke(CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sadjia Bekal
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec/Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec , Canada
| | - Eric H Frost
- Faculté de Médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke(CHUS), Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Michaud
- Faculté de Médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec , Canada
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28
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Weindl L, Frank E, Ullrich U, Heurich M, Kleta S, Ellerbroek L, Gareis M. Listeria monocytogenes in Different Specimens from Healthy Red Deer and Wild Boars. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 13:391-7. [PMID: 27159352 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, Listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from game feces and meat. However, less information is available on the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in other specimens originating from game animals. Hence, the aim of this study was to get an overview of the occurrence and distribution of L. monocytogenes in game animals by characterization of isolates from different matrices. For that purpose, samples were collected from red deer (Cervus elaphus), wild boars (Sus scrofa), and feed during the hunting season 2011-2012 in three different regions of Germany and Austria. Six samples from each animal were examined: tonsils, content of the rumen or the stomach, liver, intestinal lymph nodes, cecum content, and feces. Nineteen of 45 red deer and 12 of 49 wild boars were found to be positive for L. monocytogenes as well as 4 of 22 pooled feed samples. L. monocytogenes was isolated most frequently from the rumen of red deer (14 of 19) and the tonsils of wild boars (7 of 12). Serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 4a, and 4b were detected in samples of game animals and feed, and serotypes 1/2a and 4b were the most prevalent serotypes. The presence of L. monocytogenes serotype 4a had not yet been described in red deer. This might be due to the fact that it was only isolated from the content of rumen and that no other study has yet examined ruminal content. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed a wide variety of strains. Some strains occurred in both species and feed samples, but one strain was dominant in one region. The results show that red deer and wild boars can be carriers of L. monocytogenes in different matrices, although the feces samples can be negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Weindl
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty , LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Frank
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty , LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ullrich
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty , LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Heurich
- 2 Department of Research and Documentation, Bavarian Forest National Park , Grafenau, Germany
| | - Sylvia Kleta
- 3 Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) , Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Gareis
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty , LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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29
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Cummings KJ, Rodriguez‐Rivera LD, Grigar MK, Rankin SC, Mesenbrink BT, Leland BR, Bodenchuk MJ. Prevalence and Characterization of
Salmonella
Isolated from Feral Pigs Throughout Texas. Zoonoses Public Health 2015; 63:436-41. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - B. R. Leland
- United States Department of Agriculture San Antonio TX USA
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30
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Singh P, Sha Q, Lacher DW, Del Valle J, Mosci RE, Moore JA, Scribner KT, Manning SD. Characterization of enteropathogenic and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle and deer in a shared agroecosystem. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2015; 5:29. [PMID: 25883908 PMCID: PMC4381715 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important foodborne pathogen. Cattle are suggested to be an important reservoir for STEC; however, these pathogens have also been isolated from other livestock and wildlife. In this study we sought to investigate transmission of STEC, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) between cattle and white-tailed deer in a shared agroecosystem. Cattle feces were collected from 100 animals in a Michigan dairy farm in July 2012, while 163 deer fecal samples were collected during two sampling periods (March and June). The locations of deer fecal pellets were recorded via geographic information system mapping and microsatellite multi-locus genotyping was used to link the fecal samples to individual deer at both time points. Following subculture to sorbitol MacConkey agar and STEC CHROMagar, the pathogens were characterized by serotyping, stx profiling, and PCR-based fingerprinting; multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on a subset. STEC and EHEC were cultured from 12 to 16% of cattle, respectively, and EPEC was found in 36%. Deer were significantly less likely to have a pathogen in March vs. June where the frequency of STEC, EHEC, and EPEC was 1, 6, and 22%, respectively. PCR fingerprinting and MLST clustered the cattle- and deer-derived strains together in a phylogenetic tree. Two STEC strains recovered from both animal species shared MLST and fingerprinting profiles, thereby providing evidence of interspecies transmission and highlighting the importance of wildlife species in pathogen shedding dynamics and persistence in the environment and cattle herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Qiong Sha
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - David W Lacher
- Division of Molecular Biology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Del Valle
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Rebekah E Mosci
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Moore
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University Allendale, MI, USA
| | - Kim T Scribner
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shannon D Manning
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, USA
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31
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Sugiyama H, Shibata K, Kawakami Y, Arakawa K, Morishima Y, Yamasaki H, Gokuden M, Iwakiri T, Fukumori J. Paragonimiasis Due to the Consumption of Wild Boar Meat in Japan: Contamination Levels of Lung Fluke Larvae in Muscle Samples of Wild Boars Caught in Kagoshima Prefecture. Jpn J Infect Dis 2015; 68:536-7. [DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2015.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Katsumasa Shibata
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yasushi Kawakami
- Laboratory of Environmental Biology, Department of Environmental Science, Azabu University
| | - Kyoko Arakawa
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yasuyuki Morishima
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Hiroshi Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Mutsuyo Gokuden
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health
| | - Tadafumi Iwakiri
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health
| | - Junko Fukumori
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health
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