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Nykänen AI, Mariscal A, Duong A, Ali A, Takahagi A, Bai X, Zehong G, Joe B, Takahashi M, Chen M, Gokhale H, Shan H, Hwang DM, Estrada C, Yeung J, Waddell T, Martinu T, Juvet S, Cypel M, Liu M, Davies JE, Keshavjee S. Lung Transplant Immunomodulation with Genetically Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Therapeutic Window for Interleukin-10. Cells 2024; 13:859. [PMID: 38786082 PMCID: PMC11119666 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation results are compromised by ischemia-reperfusion injury and alloimmune responses. Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is used to assess marginal donor lungs before transplantation but is also an excellent platform to apply novel therapeutics. We investigated donor lung immunomodulation using genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with augmented production of human anti-inflammatory hIL-10 (MSCsIL-10). Pig lungs were placed on EVLP for 6 h and randomized to control (n = 7), intravascular delivery of 20 × 106 (n = 5, low dose) or 40 × 106 human MSCs IL-10 (n = 6, high dose). Subsequently, single-lung transplantation was performed, and recipient pigs were monitored for 3 days. hIL-10 secretion was measured during EVLP and after transplantation, and immunological effects were assessed by cytokine profile, T and myeloid cell characterization and mixed lymphocyte reaction. MSCIL-10 therapy rapidly increased hIL-10 during EVLP and resulted in transient hIL-10 elevation after lung transplantation. MSCIL-10 delivery did not affect lung function but was associated with dose-related immunomodulatory effects, with the low dose resulting in a beneficial decrease in apoptosis and lower macrophage activation, but the high MSCIL-10 dose resulting in inflammation and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell activation. MSCIL-10 therapy during EVLP results in a rapid and transient perioperative hIL-10 increase and has a therapeutic window for its immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti I. Nykänen
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrea Mariscal
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Allen Duong
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aadil Ali
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Akihiro Takahagi
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Guan Zehong
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Betty Joe
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mamoru Takahashi
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Manyin Chen
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Hemant Gokhale
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Hongchao Shan
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - David M. Hwang
- Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada;
| | - Catalina Estrada
- Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (C.E.); (J.E.D.)
| | - Jonathan Yeung
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Tom Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Tereza Martinu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Stephen Juvet
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John E. Davies
- Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (C.E.); (J.E.D.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
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Hasanzadeh A, Ebadati A, Dastanpour L, Aref AR, Sahandi Zangabad P, Kalbasi A, Dai X, Mehta G, Ghasemi A, Fatahi Y, Joshi S, Hamblin MR, Karimi M. Applications of Innovation Technologies for Personalized Cancer Medicine: Stem Cells and Gene-Editing Tools. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1758-1779. [PMID: 38093832 PMCID: PMC10714436 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Personalized medicine is a new approach toward safer and even cheaper treatments with minimal side effects and toxicity. Planning a therapy based on individual properties causes an effective result in a patient's treatment, especially in a complex disease such as cancer. The benefits of personalized medicine include not only early diagnosis with high accuracy but also a more appropriate and effective therapeutic approach based on the unique clinical, genetic, and epigenetic features and biomarker profiles of a specific patient's disease. In order to achieve personalized cancer therapy, understanding cancer biology plays an important role. One of the crucial applications of personalized medicine that has gained consideration more recently due to its capability in developing disease therapy is related to the field of stem cells. We review various applications of pluripotent, somatic, and cancer stem cells in personalized medicine, including targeted cancer therapy, cancer modeling, diagnostics, and drug screening. CRISPR-Cas gene-editing technology is then discussed as a state-of-the-art biotechnological advance with substantial impacts on medical and therapeutic applications. As part of this section, the role of CRISPR-Cas genome editing in recent cancer studies is reviewed as a further example of personalized medicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hasanzadeh
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Advances
Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Arefeh Ebadati
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Advances
Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Lida Dastanpour
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Advances
Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Amir R. Aref
- Department
of Medical Oncology and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Parham Sahandi Zangabad
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department
of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer
Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- School of
Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial
Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Rogel Cancer
Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Precision
Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif
University of Technology, Tehran 14588, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology
Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166, Iran
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166, Iran
- Universal
Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 14166, Iran
| | - Suhasini Joshi
- Chemical
Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering
Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research
Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University
of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
- Radiation
Biology Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular
and Molecular Research Center, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Department
of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Oncopathology
Research Center, Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran
- Research
Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166, Iran
- Applied
Biotechnology Research Centre, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14166, Iran
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Kesseli SJ, Krischak MK, Gao Q, Gonzalez T, Zhang M, Halpern SE, Kahan R, Song M, Huffman N, Xu H, Abraham N, Asokan A, Barbas AS, Hartwig MG. Adeno-associated virus mediates gene transduction after static cold storage treatment in rodent lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:e38-e49. [PMID: 38501313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adeno-associated virus is a clinically used gene therapy vector but has not been studied in lung transplantation. We sought to determine the efficacy of adeno-associated virus delivery during static cold storage via the airway versus the pulmonary artery before lung transplantation in a rodent model. METHODS Lewis rat lung grafts were treated with a dose of 8e8 or 4e9 viral genome/μL recombinant adeno-associated virus subtype-9 vectors containing firefly luciferase genomes administered via the pulmonary artery or airway during cold storage. A control group did not receive adeno-associated virus. Recipient syngeneic rats then underwent single left lung transplantation. Animals underwent bioluminescence imaging on postoperative days 7, 14, 28, and 56. Explanted tissues were prepared as lysates to quantify luciferase activity. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cellular transgene expression patterns. RESULTS Control animals with no luminescent signal produced a background radiance of 6.1e4 p/s/cm2/sr. In the airway delivery group, mean radiance was greater than the control at 4e9 viral genome/μL postoperative day 7 radiance 6.9e4 p/s/cm2/sr (P = .04). In the pulmonary artery delivery group, we observed greater in vivo luminescence in animals receiving 4e9 viral genome/μL compared with all other groups. However, analysis of tissue lysate revealed greater luminescence in the airway delivery group and suggested off-target expression in heart and liver tissue in the pulmonary artery delivery group. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated transgene staining in distal airway epithelium and alveoli but sparing of the vasculature in the airway delivery group. CONCLUSIONS Adeno-associated virus mediates gene transduction during static cold storage in rat lung isografts when administered via the airway and pulmonary artery. Airway administration leads to robust transgene expression in respiratory epithelial cells, whereas pulmonary artery administration targets alternative cell types and increases extrapulmonary transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Kesseli
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
| | | | - Qimeng Gao
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Trevor Gonzalez
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | - Riley Kahan
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Mingqing Song
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Niki Huffman
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Nader Abraham
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Andrew S Barbas
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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Pathophysiology of Sepsis and Genesis of Septic Shock: The Critical Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169274. [PMID: 36012544 PMCID: PMC9409099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of sepsis and septic shock remains a major public health issue due to the associated morbidity and mortality. Despite an improvement in the understanding of the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying its genesis and a growing number of studies exploring an even higher range of targeted therapies, no significant clinical progress has emerged in the past decade. In this context, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear more and more as an attractive approach for cell therapy both in experimental and clinical models. Pre-clinical data suggest a cornerstone role of these cells and their secretome in the control of the host immune response. Host-derived factors released from infected cells (i.e., alarmins, HMGB1, ATP, DNA) as well as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g., LPS, peptidoglycans) can activate MSCs located in the parenchyma and around vessels to upregulate the expression of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors that influence, respectively, immune cell recruitment and stem cell mobilization. However, the way in which MSCs exert their beneficial effects in terms of survival and control of inflammation in septic states remains unclear. This review presents the interactions identified between MSCs and mediators of immunity and tissue repair in sepsis. We also propose paradigms related to the plausible roles of MSCs in the process of sepsis and septic shock. Finally, we offer a presentation of experimental and clinical studies and open the way to innovative avenues of research involving MSCs from a prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic point of view in sepsis.
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Gao T, Huang F, Wang W, Xie Y, Wang B. Interleukin-10 genetically modified clinical-grade mesenchymal stromal cells markedly reinforced functional recovery after spinal cord injury via directing alternative activation of macrophages. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:27. [PMID: 35300585 PMCID: PMC8931978 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background After spinal cord injury (SCI), dysregulated or nonresolving inflammatory processes can severely disturb neuronal homeostasis and drive neurodegeneration. Although mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapies have showed certain therapeutic efficacy, no MSC therapy has reached its full clinical goal. In this study, we examine interleukin-10 (IL10) genetically modified clinical-grade MSCs (IL10-MSCs) and evaluate their clinical safety, effectiveness, and therapeutic mechanism in a completely transected SCI mouse model. Methods We established stable IL10-overexpressing human umbilical-cord-derived MSCs through electric transduction and screened out clinical-grade IL10-MSCs according to the criteria of cell-based therapeutic products, which were applied to mice with completely transected SCI by repeated tail intravenous injections. Then we comprehensively investigated the motor function, histological structure, and nerve regeneration in SCI mice, and further explored the potential therapeutic mechanism after IL10-MSC treatment. Results IL10-MSC treatment markedly reinforced locomotor improvement, accompanied with decreased lesion volume, regeneration of axons, and preservation of neurons, compared with naïve unmodified MSCs. Further, IL10-MSC transplantation increased the ratio of microglia to infiltrated alternatively activated macrophages (M2), and reduced the ratio of classically activated macrophages (M1) at the injured spinal cord, meanwhile increasing the percentage of Treg and Th2 cells, and reducing the percentage of Th1 cells in the peripheral circulatory system. In addition, IL10-MSC administration could prevent apoptosis and promote neuron differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) under inflammatory conditions in vitro. Conclusions IL10-MSCs exhibited a reliable safety profile and demonstrated promising therapeutic efficacy in SCI compared with naïve MSCs, providing solid support for future clinical application of genetically engineered MSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00325-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Gao
- Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Nykänen AI, Mariscal A, Duong A, Estrada C, Ali A, Hough O, Sage A, Chao BT, Chen M, Gokhale H, Shan H, Bai X, Zehong G, Yeung J, Waddell T, Martinu T, Juvet S, Cypel M, Liu M, Davies JE, Keshavjee S. Engineered mesenchymal stromal cell therapy during human lung ex vivo lung perfusion is compromised by acidic lung microenvironment. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 23:184-197. [PMID: 34703841 PMCID: PMC8516994 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is an excellent platform to apply novel therapeutics, such as gene and cell therapies, before lung transplantation. We investigated the concept of human donor lung engineering during EVLP by combining gene and cell therapies. Premodified cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells with augmented anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 production (MSCIL-10) were administered during EVLP to human lungs that had various degrees of underlying lung injury. Cryopreserved MSCIL-10 had excellent viability, and they immediately and efficiently elevated perfusate and lung tissue IL-10 levels during EVLP. However, MSCIL-10 function was compromised by the poor metabolic conditions present in the most damaged lungs. Similarly, exposing cultured MSCIL-10 to poor metabolic, and especially acidic, conditions decreased their IL-10 production. In conclusion, we found that "off-the-shelf" MSCIL-10 therapy of human lungs during EVLP is safe and feasible, and results in rapid IL-10 elevation, and that the acidic target-tissue microenvironment may compromise the efficacy of cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti I Nykänen
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Andrea Mariscal
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Allen Duong
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Catalina Estrada
- Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, 790 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada
| | - Aadil Ali
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Olivia Hough
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Andrew Sage
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Bonnie T Chao
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Manyin Chen
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Hemant Gokhale
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Hongchao Shan
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Guan Zehong
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Yeung
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Tom Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Tereza Martinu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stephen Juvet
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
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7
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Zhang C, Delawary M, Huang P, Korchak JA, Suda K, Zubair AC. IL-10 mRNA Engineered MSCs Demonstrate Enhanced Anti-Inflammation in an Acute GvHD Model. Cells 2021; 10:3101. [PMID: 34831324 PMCID: PMC8621791 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used in various studies to induce immunomodulatory effects in clinical conditions associated with immune dysregulation such as graft versus host disease (GvHD). However, most of these clinical trials failed to go beyond early phase 2 studies because of limited efficacy. Various methods have been assessed to increase the potency of MSCs. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is known to modulate immune responses in GvHD. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of transfecting IL-10 mRNA to enhance MSC therapeutic potential. IL-10 mRNA engineered MSCs (eMSCs-IL10) maintained high levels of IL-10 expression even after freezing and thawing. IL-10 mRNA transfection did not appear to alter MSC intrinsic characteristics. eMSCs-IL10 significantly suppressed T cell proliferation relative to naïve MSCs in vitro. In a mouse model for GvHD, eMSCs-IL10 induced a decrease in plasma level of potent pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in the spleen. In summary, our studies demonstrate the feasibility of potentiating MSCs to enhance their immunomodulatory effects by IL-10 mRNA transfection. The use of non-viral transfection may generate a safe and potent MSC product for treatment of clinical conditions associated with immune dysregulation such as GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (C.Z.); (P.H.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Mina Delawary
- Cell Therapy Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo, Co., Ltd., Tokyo 1408710, Japan; (M.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Peng Huang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (C.Z.); (P.H.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Jennifer A. Korchak
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (C.Z.); (P.H.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Koji Suda
- Cell Therapy Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo, Co., Ltd., Tokyo 1408710, Japan; (M.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Abba C. Zubair
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (C.Z.); (P.H.); (J.A.K.)
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8
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Varkouhi AK, Monteiro APT, Tsoporis JN, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ, Dos Santos CC. Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: Application in Critical Illness. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:812-827. [PMID: 32671645 PMCID: PMC7363458 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Critical illnesses including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndromes, ischemic cardiovascular disorders and acute organ injuries are associated with high mortality, morbidity as well as significant health care system expenses. While these diverse conditions require different specific therapeutic approaches, mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal, tri-lineage differentiation with a broad range regenerative and immunomodulatory activities, making them attractive for the treatment of critical illness. The therapeutic effects of MSCs have been extensively investigated in several pre-clinical models of critical illness as well as in phase I and II clinical cell therapy trials with mixed results. Whilst these studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential for MSC therapy in critical illness, optimization for clinical use is an ongoing challenge. MSCs can be readily genetically modified by application of different techniques and tools leading to overexpress or inhibit genes related to their immunomodulatory or regenerative functions. Here we will review recent approaches designed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs with an emphasis on the technology used to generate genetically modified cells, target genes, target diseases and the implication of genetically modified MSCs in cell therapy for critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir K Varkouhi
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Ana Paula Teixeira Monteiro
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James N Tsoporis
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital/University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Room 4-008, Toronto, ON, M5B 1WB, Canada.
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9
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Ghanbari M, Momen Maragheh S, Aghazadeh A, Mehrjuyan SR, Hussen BM, Abdoli Shadbad M, Dastmalchi N, Safaralizadeh R. Interleukin-1 in obesity-related low-grade inflammation: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107765. [PMID: 34015596 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since adipose tissue (AT) can upregulate pro-inflammatory interleukins (ILs) via storing extra lipids in obesity, obesity is considered the leading cause of chronic low-grade inflammation. These ILs can pave the way for the infiltration of immune cells into the AT, ultimately resulting in low-grade inflammation and dysregulation of adipocytes. IL-1, which is divided into two subclasses, i.e., IL-1α and IL-1β, is a critical pro-inflammatory factor. In obesity, IL-1α and IL-1β can promote insulin resistance via impairing the function of adipocytes and promoting inflammation. The current study aims to review the detailed molecular mechanisms and the roles of IL-1α and IL-1β and their antagonist, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1Ra), in developing obesity-related inflammatory complications, i.e., type II diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), atherosclerosis, and cognitive disorders. Besides, the current study discusses the recent advances in natural drugs, synthetic agents, and gene therapy approaches to treat obesity-related inflammatory complications via suppressing IL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghanbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Aida Aghazadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Dastmalchi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Strategies to Potentiate Paracrine Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073397. [PMID: 33806241 PMCID: PMC8037333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed as cell therapeutics for various immune disorders using their immunoregulatory properties mainly exerted by their paracrine functions. However, variation among cells from different donors, as well as rapid clearance after transplantation have impaired the uniform efficacy of MSCs and limited their application. Recently, several strategies to overcome this limitation have been suggested and proven in pre-clinical settings. Therefore, in this review article, we will update the knowledge on bioengineering strategies to improve the immunomodulatory functions of MSCs, including genetic modification and physical engineering.
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11
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Nitahara-Kasahara Y, Kuraoka M, Oda Y, Hayashita-Kinoh H, Takeda S, Okada T. Enhanced cell survival and therapeutic benefits of IL-10-expressing multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells for muscular dystrophy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:105. [PMID: 33541428 PMCID: PMC7860619 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are potentially therapeutic for muscle disease because they can accumulate at the sites of injury and act as immunosuppressants. MSCs are attractive candidates for cell-based strategies that target diseases with chronic inflammation, such as Duchenne muscular disease (DMD). We focused on the anti-inflammatory properties of IL-10 and hypothesized that IL-10 could increase the typically low survival of MSCs by exerting a paracrine effect after transplantation. METHODS We developed a continuous IL-10 expression system of MSCs using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector. To investigate the potential benefits of IL-10 expressing AAV vector-transduced MSCs (IL-10-MSCs), we examined the cell survival rates in the skeletal muscles after intramuscular injection into mice and dogs. Systemic treatment with IL-10-MSCs derived from dental pulp (DPSCs) was comprehensively analyzed using the canine X-linked muscular dystrophy model in Japan (CXMDJ), which has a severe phenotype similar to that of DMD patients. RESULTS In vivo bioluminescence imaging analysis revealed higher retention of IL-10-MSCs injected into the hindlimb muscle of mice. In the muscles of dogs, myofiber-like tissue was formed after the stable engraftment of IL-10-MSCs. Repeated systemic administration of IL-10-DPSCs into the CXMDJ model resulted in long-term engraftment of cells and slightly increased the serum levels of IL-10. IL-10-hDPSCs showed significantly reduced expression of pro-inflammatory MCP-1 and upregulation of stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). MRI and histopathology of the hDPSC-treated CXMDJ indicated the regulation of inflammation in the muscles, but not myogenic differentiation from treated cells. hDPSC-treated CXMDJ showed improved running capability and recovery in tetanic force with concomitant increase in physical activity. Serum creatine kinase levels, which increased immediately after exercise, were suppressed in IL-10-hDPSC-treated CXMDJ. CONCLUSIONS In case of local injection, IL-10-MSCs could maintain the long-term engraftment status and facilitate associated tissue repair. In case of repeated systemic administration, IL-10-MSCs facilitated the long-term retention of the cells in the skeletal muscle and also protected muscles from physical damage-induced injury, which improved muscle dysfunction in DMD. We can conclude that the local and systemic administration of IL-10-producing MSCs offers potential benefits for DMD therapy through the beneficial paracrine effects of IL-10 involving SDF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nitahara-Kasahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mutsuki Kuraoka
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Oda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hayashita-Kinoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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12
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Ali M, Pham A, Wang X, Wolfram J, Pham S. Extracellular vesicles for treatment of solid organ ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:3294-3307. [PMID: 32594616 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As the incidence of ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury has substantially increased, there is a pressing need to develop effective strategies to treat this global health issue. I-R injury can affect all organs and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Pathological settings such as myocardial infarction, stroke, hemorrhagic shock, and solid organ transplant are particularly prone to cause I-R injury. Ischemia (hypoxia) and/or reperfusion (reoxygenation) induces various forms of cellular and structural damage. A major cause of damage is local inflammatory responses, which may spread to produce more advanced systemic inflammation. Management of I-R injury relies primarily on supportive measures, as specific treatment strategies are lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-secreted nano-scale structures containing various biomolecules involved in cell communication and multiple physiological processes. EVs derived from certain cell types have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic properties. This review provides an overview of EV-based therapeutics for I-R injury in kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, and brain. Additionally, the mechanisms by which EVs protect against I-R injury are discussed. Promising preclinical findings highlight the potential clinical use of EVs for I-R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojahid Ali
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony Pham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Si Pham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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13
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Prevention of Oxygen-Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury by Caffeine in Neonatal Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3840124. [PMID: 32831996 PMCID: PMC7429812 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3840124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Preterm birth implies an array of respiratory diseases including apnea of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Caffeine has been introduced to treat apneas but also appears to reduce rates of BPD. Oxygen is essential when treating preterm infants with respiratory problems but high oxygen exposure aggravates BPD. This experimental study is aimed at investigating the action of caffeine on inflammatory response and cell death in pulmonary tissue in a hyperoxia-based model of BPD in the newborn rat. Material/Methods. Lung injury was induced by hyperoxic exposure with 80% oxygen for three (P3) or five (P5) postnatal days with or without recovery in ambient air until postnatal day 15 (P15). Newborn Wistar rats were treated with PBS or caffeine (10 mg/kg) every two days beginning at the day of birth. The effects of caffeine on hyperoxic-induced pulmonary inflammatory response were examined at P3 and P5 immediately after oxygen exposure or after recovery in ambient air (P15) by immunohistological staining and analysis of lung homogenates by ELISA and qPCR. Results Treatment with caffeine significantly attenuated changes in hyperoxia-induced cell death and apoptosis-associated factors. There was a significant decrease in proinflammatory mediators and redox-sensitive transcription factor NFκB in the hyperoxia-exposed lung tissue of the caffeine-treated group compared to the nontreated group. Moreover, treatment with caffeine under hyperoxia modulated the transcription of the adenosine receptor (Adora)1. Caffeine induced pulmonary chemokine and cytokine transcription followed by immune cell infiltration of alveolar macrophages as well as increased adenosine receptor (Adora1, 2a, and 2b) expression. Conclusions The present study investigating the impact of caffeine on the inflammatory response, pulmonary cell degeneration and modulation of adenosine receptor expression, provides further evidence that caffeine acts as an antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug for experimental oxygen-mediated lung injury. Experimental studies may broaden the understanding of therapeutic use of caffeine in modulating detrimental mechanisms involved in BPD development.
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14
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Gardner TJ, Bourne CM, Dacek MM, Kurtz K, Malviya M, Peraro L, Silberman PC, Vogt KC, Unti MJ, Brentjens R, Scheinberg D. Targeted Cellular Micropharmacies: Cells Engineered for Localized Drug Delivery. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2175. [PMID: 32764348 PMCID: PMC7465970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of engineered cellular therapies, such as Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) CAR T and T cell receptor (TCR) engineered T cells, has shown great promise in the treatment of various cancers. These agents aggregate and expand exponentially at the tumor site, resulting in potent immune activation and tumor clearance. Moreover, the ability to elaborate these cells with therapeutic agents, such as antibodies, enzymes, and immunostimulatory molecules, presents an unprecedented opportunity to specifically modulate the tumor microenvironment through cell-mediated drug delivery. This unique pharmacology, combined with significant advances in synthetic biology and cell engineering, has established a new paradigm for cells as vectors for drug delivery. Targeted cellular micropharmacies (TCMs) are a revolutionary new class of living drugs, which we envision will play an important role in cancer medicine and beyond. Here, we review important advances and considerations underway in developing this promising advancement in biological therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Gardner
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
| | - Christopher M. Bourne
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Immunology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Megan M. Dacek
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Keifer Kurtz
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Manish Malviya
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
| | - Leila Peraro
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
| | - Pedro C. Silberman
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Kristen C. Vogt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mildred J. Unti
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Renier Brentjens
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - David Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; (T.J.G.); (C.M.B.); (M.M.D.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (L.P.); (P.C.S.); (K.C.V.)
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA;
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15
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Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Next Generation of Stem Cell-Based Therapy for TBI. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114051. [PMID: 32516998 PMCID: PMC7312789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as an attractive approach for restorative medicine in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), due to their relatively easy derivation and therapeutic effect following transplantation. However, the long-term survival of the grafted cells and therapeutic efficacy need improvement. Here, we review the recent application of MSCs in TBI treatment in preclinical models. We discuss the genetic modification approaches designed to enhance the therapeutic potency of MSCs for TBI treatment by improving their survival after transplantation, enhancing their homing abilities and overexpressing neuroprotective and neuroregenerative factors. We highlight the latest preclinical studies that have used genetically modified MSCs for TBI treatment. The recent developments in MSCs’ biology and potential TBI therapeutic targets may sufficiently improve the genetic modification strategies for MSCs, potentially bringing effective MSC-based therapies for TBI treatment in humans.
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16
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Abstract
Injuries sustained by donor heart and lung allografts during the transplantation process are multiple and cumulative. Optimization of allograft function plays an essential role in short- and long-term outcomes after transplantation. Therapeutic targets to prevent or attenuate injury are present in the donor, the preservation process, during transplantation, and in postoperative management of the recipient. The newest and most promising methods of optimizing donor heart and lung allografts are found in alternative preservation strategies, which enable functional assessment of donor organs and provide a modality to initiate therapies for injured allografts or prevent injury during reperfusion in recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue A Braithwaite
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Mail Stop Q04.2.317, Postbus 85500, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands.
| | - Niels P van der Kaaij
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Room E03.511, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
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17
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Ge X, Sun J, Fei A, Gao C, Pan S, Wu Z. Hydrogen sulfide treatment alleviated ventilator-induced lung injury through regulation of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2872-2884. [PMID: 31853224 PMCID: PMC6909965 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.38315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation has significant therapeutic benefits, but it may cause or aggravate lung injury, which is called ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has roles including regulating inflammation, and promoting vasodilatation; it also exhibits anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrosis effects. H2S has been reported to alleviate lung injury, but the effects and mechanism of H2S on VILI remain unclear. The present study established a rat model of VILI and treated them with H2S, then measured the changes in respiratory function indicators, lung tissue histopathology, and oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic indicators. The effect of H2S on autophagy in the VILI model and the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were also investigated. To further explore the mechanism, L2 alveolar epithelial cells were treated with cyclic strain to mimic mechanical strain along with the H2S donor NaHS, and the involvement of the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway was examined. The results showed that H2S significantly alleviated VILI and inhibited the inflammation and oxidative stress induced by VILI. H2S also significantly reduced autophagy and ER stress in rats. The phosphorylation of IRE1α, PERK and eIF2α and the expression of nuclear ATF4, and GADD34 in L2 cells were all significantly reduced with NaHS. Nuclear NF-κB p65, MAPK p38, JNK, and ERK were all activated by cyclic strain, but inhibited by the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA or NaHS. Our findings revealed that H2S treatment alleviated VILI by regulating autophagy and ER stress, and the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/GADD34 and NF-κB/MAPK pathways were involved in the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ge
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Cardiology Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Fei
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjin Gao
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuming Pan
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengbin Wu
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Jerkic M, Masterson C, Ormesher L, Gagnon S, Goyal S, Rabani R, Otulakowski G, Zhang H, Kavanagh BP, Laffey JG. Overexpression of IL-10 Enhances the Efficacy of Human Umbilical-Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in E. coli Pneumosepsis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060847. [PMID: 31200579 PMCID: PMC6616885 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may increase their effects in sepsis. We tested the potential for overexpression of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in human umbilical cord (UC) MSCs to increase MSC efficacy in Escherichia coli (E. coli) pneumosepsis and to enhance human macrophage function. Pneumonia was induced in rats by intratracheal instillation of E. coli ((2.0–3.0) × 109 Colony forming units (CFU)/kg). One hour later, animals were randomized to receive (a) vehicle; (b) naïve UC-MSCs; or (c) IL-10 overexpressing UC-MSCs (1 × 107 cells/kg). Lung injury severity, cellular infiltration, and E. coli colony counts were assessed after 48 h. The effects and mechanisms of action of IL-10 UC-MSCs on macrophage function in septic rodents and in humans were subsequently assessed. Survival increased with IL-10 (9/11 (82%)) and naïve (11/12 (91%)) UC-MSCs compared to vehicle (9/15 (60%, p = 0.03). IL-10 UC-MSCs—but not naïve UC-MSCs—significantly decreased the alveolar arterial gradient (455 ± 93 and 520 ± 81, mmHg, respectively) compared to that of vehicle animals (544 ± 52, p = 0.02). Lung tissue bacterial counts were significantly increased in vehicle- and naïve-UC-MSC-treated animals but were not different from sham animals in those treated with IL-10 overexpressing UC-MSCs. IL-10 (but not naïve) UC-MSCs decreased alveolar neutrophils and increased alveolar macrophage percentages compared to vehicle. IL-10 UC-MSCs decreased structural lung injury compared to naïve UC-MSC or vehicle therapy. Alveolar macrophages from IL-10-UC-MSC-treated rats and from human volunteers demonstrated enhanced phagocytic capacity. This was mediated via increased macrophage hemeoxygenase-1, an effect blocked by prostaglandin E2 and lipoxygenase A4 blockade. IL-10 overexpression in UC-MSCs enhanced their effects in E. coli pneumosepsis and increased macrophage function. IL-10 UC-MSCs similarly enhanced human macrophage function, illustrating their therapeutic potential for infection-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Jerkic
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Claire Masterson
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Lindsay Ormesher
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Stéphane Gagnon
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Sakshi Goyal
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Razieh Rabani
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Gail Otulakowski
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- St. Michael's Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
| | - Brian P Kavanagh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Departments of Anesthesia, Physiology and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada.
| | - John G Laffey
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
- Departments of Anesthesia, Physiology and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada.
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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19
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Peruzzaro ST, Andrews MMM, Al-Gharaibeh A, Pupiec O, Resk M, Story D, Maiti P, Rossignol J, Dunbar GL. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells genetically engineered to overexpress interleukin-10 promotes alternative inflammatory response in rat model of traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:2. [PMID: 30611291 PMCID: PMC6320578 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause for long-term disability, yet the treatments available that improve outcomes after TBI limited. Neuroinflammatory responses are key contributors to determining patient outcomes after TBI. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which release trophic and pro-repair cytokines, represents an effective strategy to reduce inflammation after TBI. One such pro-repair cytokine is interleukin-10 (IL-10), which reduces pro-inflammatory markers and trigger alternative inflammatory markers, such as CD163. In this study, we tested the therapeutic effects of MSCs that were engineered to overexpress IL-10 when transplanted into rats following TBI in the medial frontal cortex. Methods Thirty-six hours following TBI, rats were transplanted with MSCs and then assessed for 3 weeks on a battery of behavioral tests that measured motor and cognitive abilities. Histological evaluation was then done to measure the activation of the inflammatory response. Additionally, immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Results A significant improvement in fine motor function was observed in rats that received transplants of MSCs engineered to overexpress IL-10 (MSCs + IL-10) or MSCs alone compared to TBI + vehicle-treated rats. Although tissue spared was unchanged, anti-inflammatory effects were revealed by a reduction in the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein cells and CD86 cells in both TBI + MSCs + IL-10 and TBI + MSC groups compared to TBI + vehicle rats. Microglial activation was significantly increased in the TBI + MSC group when compared to the sham + vehicle group. Western blot data suggested a reduction in tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the TBI + MSCs + IL-10 group compared to TBI + MSC group. Immunomodulatory effects were demonstrated by a shift from classical inflammation expression (CD86) to an alternative inflammation state (CD163) in both treatments with MSCs and MSCs + IL-10. Furthermore, co-labeling of both CD86 and CD163 was detected in the same cells, suggesting a temporal change in macrophage expression. Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest that transplantation of MSCs that were engineered to overexpress IL-10 can improve functional outcomes by providing a beneficial perilesion environment. This improvement may be explained by the shifting of macrophage expression to a more pro-repair state, thereby providing a possible new therapy for treating TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Peruzzaro
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - M M M Andrews
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - A Al-Gharaibeh
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - O Pupiec
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - M Resk
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - D Story
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - P Maiti
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA.,Department of Biology, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI, 48610, USA.,Brain Research Laboratory, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI, 48610, USA
| | - J Rossignol
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.
| | - G L Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute of Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA. .,Brain Research Laboratory, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI, 48610, USA.
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20
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Chen X, Wu S, Tang L, Ma L, Wang F, Feng H, Meng J, Han Z. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing heme oxygenase-1 ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7301-7319. [PMID: 30362554 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common and potentially lethal clinical syndromes characterized by acute respiratory failure resulting from excessive pulmonary inflammation, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption. At present, there is no effective and specific therapy for ALI/ARDS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have well-known therapeutic potential in patients with ALI/ARDS. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a cytoprotective enzyme, possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Thus, a combination of MSC transplantation with HO-1 delivery may have an additional protective effect against ALI/ARDS. This study investigated the effect of HO-1-modified bone-marrow-derived MSCs (MSCs-HO-1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and its underlying mechanisms. We established MSCs-HO-1 through lentiviral transduction. The ALI rat model was established by successive LPS inhalations following injection with MSCs-HO-1. The survival rate, histological changes in the lungs, total protein concentration and neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung wet/dry weight ratio, cytokine levels in serum and lungs, nuclear transcription factor-κB activity, and protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling adaptors were examined. Furthermore, the cell viability, apoptosis, and paracrine activity of MSCs-HO-1 were examined under inflammatory stimuli in vitro. MSCs-HO-1 injection improved these parameters compared with primary unmodified MSCs. Moreover, MSCs-HO-1 had superior prosurvival and antiapoptotic properties and enhanced paracrine functions in vitro. Therefore, MSCs-HO-1 exert an enhanced protective effect to alleviate LPS-induced ALI in rats, and the mechanisms may be partially associated with superior prosurvival, antiapoptosis, and enhanced paracrine functions of MSCs-HO-1. These findings provide a novel insight into MSC-based therapeutic strategies for treating ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Huasong Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguang Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihai Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Navy General Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
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21
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Marofi F, Vahedi G, hasanzadeh A, Salarinasab S, Arzhanga P, Khademi B, Farshdousti Hagh M. Mesenchymal stem cells as the game‐changing tools in the treatment of various organs disorders: Mirage or reality? J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1268-1288. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ghasem Vahedi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Ali hasanzadeh
- Department of Hematology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Sadegh Salarinasab
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Pishva Arzhanga
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Bahareh Khademi
- Department of Medical Genetic Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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22
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Peng CK, Wu SY, Tang SE, Li MH, Lin SS, Chu SJ, Huang KL. Protective Effects of Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cell-Conditioned Media against Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Lung Injury in Rats. Inflammation 2018; 40:1532-1542. [PMID: 28534140 PMCID: PMC7102066 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced acute lung injury are limited. Mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (CM) has been reported to attenuate lung injury. Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs), a type of multipotent stem cells, are more easily obtained than mesenchymal stem cells. We hypothesize that NCSC-CM has anti-inflammatory properties that could protect against IR-induced lung injury in rats. In this study, NCSC-CM was derived from rat NCSCs. Typical acute lung injury was induced by 30-min ischemia followed by 90-min reperfusion in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected to analyze the degree of lung injury after the experiment. NCSC-CM was administered before ischemia and after reperfusion. NCSC-CM treatment significantly attenuated IR-induced lung edema, as indicated by decreases in pulmonary vascular permeability, lung weight gain, wet to dry weight ratio, lung weight to body weight ratio, pulmonary arterial pressure, and protein level in BALF. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in the BALF were also significantly decreased. Additionally, NCSC-CM improved lung pathology and neutrophil infiltration in the lung tissue, and significantly suppressed nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity and IκB-α degradation in the lung. However, heating NCSC-CM eliminated these protective effects. Our experiment demonstrates that NCSC-CM treatment decreases IR-induced acute lung injury and that the protective mechanism may be attributable to the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the inflammatory response. Therefore, NCSC-CM may be a novel approach for treating IR-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-En Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shiuan Lin
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Jye Chu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Ming-Chuan East Road, Section 6, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 161 Ming-Chuan East Road, Section 6, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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23
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Rosso L, Zanella A, Righi I, Barilani M, Lazzari L, Scotti E, Gori F, Mendogni P. Lung transplantation, ex-vivo reconditioning and regeneration: state of the art and perspectives. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2423-S2430. [PMID: 30123580 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the only therapeutic option for end-stage pulmonary failure. Nevertheless, the shortage of donor pool available for transplantation does not allow to satisfy the requests, thus the mortality on the waiting list remains high. One of the tools to overcome the donor pool shortage is the use of ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to preserve, evaluate and recondition selected lung grafts not otherwise suitable for transplantation. EVLP is nowadays a clinical reality and have several destinations of use. After a narrative review of the literature and looking at our experience we can assume that one of the chances to improve the outcome of lung transplantation and to overcome the donor pool shortage could be the tissue regeneration of the graft during EVLP and the immunomodulation of the recipient. Both these strategies are performed using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The results of the models of lung perfusion with MSC-based cell therapy open the way to a new innovative approach that further increases the potential for using of the lung perfusion platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rosso
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zanella
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Righi
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Scotti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gori
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Mendogni
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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24
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Yan Y, Zhao N, He X, Guo H, Zhang Z, Liu T. Mesenchymal stem cell expression of interleukin-35 protects against ulcerative colitis by suppressing mucosal immune responses. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:911-918. [PMID: 29907361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-35 (IL-35) has recently been identified as an immunosuppressive cytokine that has been used as a potential therapy for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, there remains a paucity of data regarding its potential benefits after integration into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS We used a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model and treated them with IL-35-MSCs, MSCs or saline. The body weight was recorded daily and inflammatory processes were determined. Cytokine secretion by lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) and percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) were also measured. RESULTS The data showed that mice in the two treated groups recovered their body weight more rapidly than mice treated with saline in the later stage of colitis. The colon lengths of IL-35-MSC-treated mice were markedly longer than those in the other two groups and the inflammation reduced significantly. Furthermore, the percentage of Foxp3 + Tregs increased significantly and the level of proinflammatory cytokines produced by LPLs decreased significantly in the IL-35-MSC-treated group. DISCUSSION The results demonstrate that IL-35-MSCs could ameliorate ulcerative colitis by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianghui He
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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25
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Yabuki H, Wakao S, Kushida Y, Dezawa M, Okada Y. Human Multilineage-differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells Exert Pleiotropic Effects to Ameliorate Acute Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:979-993. [PMID: 29707971 PMCID: PMC6050908 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718761657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttransplantation lung ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries affect both patient survival and graft function. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of infused human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, a novel, easily harvested type of nontumorigenic endogenous reparative stem cell, against acute IR lung injury in a rat model. After a 2-h warm IR injury induction in a left rat lung, human Muse cells, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and vehicle were injected via the left pulmonary artery after reperfusion. Functionality, histological findings, and protein expression were subsequently assessed in the injured lung. In vitro, we also compared human Muse cells with human MSCs in terms of migration abilities and the secretory properties of protective substances. The arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, left lung compliance, and histological injury score on hematoxylin-eosin sections were significantly better in the Muse group relative to the MSC and vehicle groups. Compared to MSCs, human Muse cells homed more efficiently to the injured lung, where they suppressed the apoptosis and stimulated proliferation of host alveolar cells. Human Muse cells also migrated to serum from lung-injured model rats and produced beneficial substances (keratinocyte growth factor [KGF], hepatocyte growth factor, angiopoietin-1, and prostaglandin E2) in vitro. Western blot of lung tissue confirmed high expression of KGF and their target molecules (interleukin-6, protein kinase B, and B-cell lymphoma-2) in the Muse group. Thus, Muse cells efficiently ameliorated lung IR injury via pleiotropic effects in a rat model. These findings support further investigation on the use of human Muse cells for lung IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yabuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Broekman W, Khedoe PPSJ, Schepers K, Roelofs H, Stolk J, Hiemstra PS. Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Thorax 2018; 73:565-574. [PMID: 29653970 PMCID: PMC5969341 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
COPD is characterised by tissue destruction and inflammation. Given the lack of curative treatments and the progressive nature of the disease, new treatments for COPD are highly relevant. In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. These properties of MSCs provided a rationale to investigate their potential for treatment of a variety of diseases, including COPD. Preclinical models support the hypothesis that MSCs may have clinical efficacy in COPD. However, although clinical trials have demonstrated the safety of MSC treatment, thus far they have not provided evidence for MSC efficacy in the treatment of COPD. In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred Broekman
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Padmini P S J Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Schepers
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Roelofs
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Liu YY, Chiang CH, Hung SC, Chian CF, Tsai CL, Chen WC, Zhang H. Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187637. [PMID: 29117205 PMCID: PMC5678873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia preconditioning has been proven to be an effective method to enhance the therapeutic action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the beneficial effects of hypoxic MSCs in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) lung injury have yet to be investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that the administration of hypoxic MSCs would have a positive therapeutic impact on I/R lung injury at molecular, cellular, and functional levels. Methods I/R lung injury was induced in isolated and perfused rat lungs. Hypoxic MSCs were administered in perfusate at a low (2.5×105 cells) and high (1×106 cells) dose. Rats ventilated with a low tidal volume of 6 ml/kg served as controls. Hemodynamics, lung injury indices, inflammatory responses and activation of apoptotic pathways were determined. Results I/R induced permeability pulmonary edema with capillary leakage and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, cytosolic cytochrome C, and activated MAPK, NF-κB, and apoptotic pathways. The administration of a low dose of hypoxic MSCs effectively attenuated I/R pathologic lung injury score by inhibiting inflammatory responses associated with the generation of ROS and anti-apoptosis effect, however this effect was not observed with a high dose of hypoxic MSCs. Mechanistically, a low dose of hypoxic MSCs down-regulated P38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling but upregulated glutathione, prostaglandin E2, IL-10, mitochondrial cytochrome C and Bcl-2. MSCs infused at a low dose migrated into interstitial and alveolar spaces and bronchial trees, while MSCs infused at a high dose aggregated in the microcirculation and induced pulmonary embolism. Conclusions Hypoxic MSCs can quickly migrate into extravascular lung tissue and adhere to other inflammatory or structure cells and attenuate I/R lung injury through anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. However, the dose of MSCs needs to be optimized to prevent pulmonary embolism and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Yang Liu
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huei Chiang
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, Chinese Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Liang Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ihara K, Fukuda S, Enkhtaivan B, Trujillo R, Perez-Bello D, Nelson C, Randolph A, Alharbi S, Hanif H, Herndon D, Prough D, Enkhbaatar P. Adipose-derived stem cells attenuate pulmonary microvascular hyperpermeability after smoke inhalation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185937. [PMID: 28982177 PMCID: PMC5628899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary edema is a hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Smoke inhalation causes ARDS, thus significantly increasing the mortality of burn patients. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) exert potent anti-inflammatory properties. The goal of the present study was to test the safety and ecfficacy of ASCs, in a well-characterized clinically relevant ovine model of ARDS. Methods Female sheep were surgically prepared. ARDS was induced by cooled cotton smoke inhalation. Following injury, sheep were ventilated, resuscitated with lactated Ringer’s solution, and cardiopulmonary hemodynamics were monitored for 48 hours in a conscious state. Pulmonary microvascular hyper-permeability was assessed by measuring lung lymph flow, extravascular lung water content, protein content in plasma and lung lymph fluid. Sheep were randomly allocated to two groups: 1) ASCs: infused with 200 million of ASCs in 200mL of PlasmaLyteA starting 1 hours post-injury, n = 5; 2) control, treated with 200mL of PlasmaLyteA in a similar pattern, n = 5. Results Lung lymph flow increased 9-fold in control sheep as compared to baseline. Protein in the plasma was significantly decreased, while it was increased in the lung lymph. The treatment with ASCs significantly attenuated these changes. Treatment with ASCs almost led to the reversal of increased pulmonary vascular permeability and lung water content. Pulmonary gas exchange was significantly improved by ASCs. Infusion of the ASCs did not negatively affect pulmonary artery pressure and other hemodynamic variables. Conclusions ASCs infusion was well tolerated. The results suggest that intravenous ASCs modulate pulmonary microvascular hyper-permeability and prevent the onset of ARDS in our experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ihara
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Satoshi Fukuda
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Baigalmaa Enkhtaivan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Raul Trujillo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dannelys Perez-Bello
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christina Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Anita Randolph
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Suzan Alharbi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hira Hanif
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David Herndon
- Department of Surgery, Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Donald Prough
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Sondhi D, Stiles KM, De BP, Crystal RG. Genetic Modification of the Lung Directed Toward Treatment of Human Disease. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:3-84. [PMID: 27927014 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases of the lung intractable to other treatments. Lung gene therapy has been the subject of numerous preclinical animal experiments and human clinical trials, for targets including genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis and α1-antitrypsin deficiency, complex disorders such as asthma, allergy, and lung cancer, infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Pseudomonas, as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension, transplant rejection, and lung injury. A variety of viral and non-viral vectors have been employed to overcome the many physical barriers to gene transfer imposed by lung anatomy and natural defenses. Beyond the treatment of lung diseases, the lung has the potential to be used as a metabolic factory for generating proteins for delivery to the circulation for treatment of systemic diseases. Although much has been learned through a myriad of experiments about the development of genetic modification of the lung, more work is still needed to improve the delivery vehicles and to overcome challenges such as entry barriers, persistent expression, specific cell targeting, and circumventing host anti-vector responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Katie M Stiles
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
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Meng X, Li J, Yu M, Yang J, Zheng M, Zhang J, Sun C, Liang H, Liu L. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing IL10 attenuates cardiac impairments in rats with myocardial infarction. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:587-595. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- Department of UltrasonographyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of UltrasonographyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Minjuan Zheng
- Department of UltrasonographyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jinzhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of UltrasonographyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Hongliang Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of UltrasonographyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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Shaver CM, Ware LB. Primary graft dysfunction: pathophysiology to guide new preventive therapies. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 11:119-128. [PMID: 28074663 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1280398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a common complication of lung transplantation characterized by acute pulmonary edema associated with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxemia in the first 3 post-operative days. Development of PGD is a predictor of poor short- and long-term outcomes after lung transplantation, but there are currently limited tools to prevent its occurrence. Areas covered: Several potentially modifiable donor, recipient, and operative risk factors for PGD have been identified. In addition, basic and translational studies in animals and ex vivo lung perfusion systems have identified several biomarkers and mechanisms of injury in PGD. In this review, we outline the clinical and genetic risk factors for PGD and summarize experimental data exploring PGD mechanisms, with a focus on strategies to reduce PGD risk and on potential novel molecular targets for PGD prevention. Expert commentary: Because of the clinical importance of PGD, development of new therapies for prevention and treatment is critically important. Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of clinical PGD provides a framework to explore novel agents to prevent or reverse PGD. Ex vivo lung perfusion provides a new opportunity for rapid development of therapeutics that target this devastating complication of lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara M Shaver
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- a Department of Medicine , Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA.,b Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA
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Matthay MA, Pati S, Lee JW. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem (Stromal) Cells: Biology and Preclinical Evidence for Therapeutic Potential for Organ Dysfunction Following Trauma or Sepsis. Stem Cells 2017; 35:316-324. [PMID: 27888550 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several experimental studies have provided evidence that bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSC) may be effective in treating critically ill surgical patients who develop traumatic brain injury, acute renal failure, or the acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is also preclinical evidence that MSC may be effective in treating sepsis-induced organ failure, including evidence that MSC have antimicrobial properties. This review considers preclinical studies with direct relevance to organ failure following trauma, sepsis or major infections that apply to critically ill patients. Progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of benefit, including MSC release of paracrine factors, transfer of mitochondria, and elaboration of exosomes and microvesicles. Regardless of how well they are designed, preclinical studies have limitations in modeling the complexity of clinical syndromes, especially in patients who are critically ill. In order to facilitate translation of the preclinical studies of MSC to critically ill patients, there will need to be more standardization regarding MSC production with a focus on culture methods and cell characterization. Finally, well designed clinical trials will be needed in critically ill patient to assess safety and efficacy. Stem Cells 2017;35:316-324.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Shibani Pati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, USA
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Braun RK, Koch JM, Hacker TA, Pegelow D, Kim J, Raval AN, Schmuck EG, Schwahn DJ, Hei DJ, Centanni JM, Eldridge M, Hematti P. Cardiopulmonary and histological characterization of an acute rat lung injury model demonstrating safety of mesenchymal stromal cell infusion. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:536-45. [PMID: 26971682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS In the field of cellular therapy, potential cell entrapment in the lungs following intravenous administration in a compromised or injured pulmonary system is an important concern that requires further investigation. We developed a rat model of inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease to mimic the human clinical condition of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) and evaluate the safety of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). This model was used to obtain appropriate safety information and functional characterization to support the translation of an ex vivo-generated cellular product into human clinical trials. To overcome spontaneous recovery and size limitations associated with current animal models, we used a novel multiple dose bleomycin strategy to induce lasting lung injury in rats. METHODS Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin was administered to rats on multiple days. MSCs were intravenously infused 7 days apart. Detailed pulmonary function tests including forced expiratory volume, total lung capacity, and invasive hemodynamic measurements were conducted to define the representative disease model and monitor cardiopulmonary hemodynamic consequences of the cell infusion. Post-euthanasia assessments included a thorough evaluation of lung morphology and histopathology. RESULTS The double dose bleomycin instillation regimen resulted in severe and irreversible lung injury and fibrosis. Cardiopulmonary physiological monitoring reveled that no adverse events could be attributed to the cell infusion process. DISCUSSION Although our study did not show the infusion of MSCs to result in an improvement in lung function or rescue of damaged tissue this study does confirm the safety of MSC infusion into damaged lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf K Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jill M Koch
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - David Pegelow
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jaehyup Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amish N Raval
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Eric G Schmuck
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Denise J Schwahn
- Research Animal Resource Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Derek J Hei
- Waisman Biomanufacturing, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - John M Centanni
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Marlowe Eldridge
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States.
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Fitzpatrick EB, Dehart MJ, Brown TA, Salgar SK. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy to promote limb transplant functional recovery. Microsurgery 2016; 37:222-234. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.30068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary J. Dehart
- Department of Clinical Investigation; Madigan Army Medical Center; Tacoma WA 98431
| | - Tommy A. Brown
- Department of Surgery; Madigan Army Medical Center; Tacoma WA 98431
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Laube M, Stolzing A, Thome UH, Fabian C. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for pulmonary complications associated with preterm birth. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 74:18-32. [PMID: 26928452 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preterm infants frequently suffer from pulmonary complications resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Physiological and structural lung immaturity impairs perinatal lung transition to air breathing resulting in respiratory distress. Mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation ensure sufficient oxygen supply but enhance inflammatory processes which might lead to the establishment of a chronic lung disease called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Current therapeutic options to prevent or treat BPD are limited and have salient side effects, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic potential in animal models of BPD. This review focuses on MSC-based therapeutic approaches to treat pulmonary complications and critically compares results obtained in BPD models. Thereby bottlenecks in the translational systems are identified that are preventing progress in combating BPD. Notably, current animal models closely resemble the so-called "old" BPD with profound inflammation and injury, whereas clinical improvements shifted disease pathology towards a "new" BPD in which arrest of lung maturation predominates. Future studies need to evaluate the utility of MSC-based therapies in animal models resembling the "new" BPD though promising in vitro evidence suggests that MSCs do possess the potential to stimulate lung maturation. Furthermore, we address the mode-of-action of MSC-based therapies with regard to lung development and inflammation/fibrosis. Their therapeutic efficacy is mainly attributed to an enhancement of regeneration and immunomodulation due to paracrine effects. In addition, we discuss current improvement strategies by genetic modifications or precondition of MSCs to enhance their therapeutic efficacy which could also prove beneficial for BPD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Laube
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Division of Neonatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Stolzing
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany; Loughborough University, Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Ulrich H Thome
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Division of Neonatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Claire Fabian
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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IL-37b gene transfer enhances the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchumal stromal cells in DSS-induced colitis mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:1377-87. [PMID: 26190499 PMCID: PMC4635324 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether the transfer of the IL-37b gene, a newly identified inhibitor of both innate and adaptive immunity, could improve the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchumal stromal cells (MSCs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS The expression of IL-37 in biopsied specimens of the patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) was detected using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Mice were treated with 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 8 days to induce colitis. Before DSS treatment, the mice were injected with MSCs, MSC-eGFP or MSC-IL37b. Their body weight was measured each day, and the colons and spleens were harvested on d 10 for pathological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS In biopsied specimens of the patients with active UC, the expression of IL-37 was dramatically elevated in inflamed mucosa, mainly in epithelial cells and infiltrating immune cells. Compared to MSC-eGFP or MSCs, MSC-IL37b administration significantly attenuated the body weight and colon length reduction, and decreased the histological score in DSS-induced colitis mice. Furthermore, MSC-IL37b administration increased the percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) among total splenic mononuclear cells as well as the percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) among splenic CD4+ T cells in the mice. Moreover, MSC-IL37b administration increased the IL-2+ cells and decreased the IFN-γ+ cells among splenic CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION IL-37 is involved in the pathophysiology of UC. IL-37b gene transfer enhances the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in DSS-induced colitis mice by inducing Tregs and MDSCs and regulating cytokine production.
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D'souza N, Rossignoli F, Golinelli G, Grisendi G, Spano C, Candini O, Osturu S, Catani F, Paolucci P, Horwitz EM, Dominici M. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a delivery platform in cell and gene therapies. BMC Med 2015; 13:186. [PMID: 26265166 PMCID: PMC4534031 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine relying on cell and gene therapies is one of the most promising approaches to repair tissues. Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), a population of progenitors committing into mesoderm lineages, are progressively demonstrating therapeutic capabilities far beyond their differentiation capacities. The mechanisms by which MSC exert these actions include the release of biomolecules with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, anti-fibrogenic, and trophic functions. While we expect the spectra of these molecules with a therapeutic profile to progressively expand, several human pathological conditions have begun to benefit from these biomolecule-delivering properties. In addition, MSC have also been proposed to vehicle genes capable of further empowering these functions. This review deals with the therapeutic properties of MSC, focusing on their ability to secrete naturally produced or gene-induced factors that can be used in the treatment of kidney, lung, heart, liver, pancreas, nervous system, and skeletal diseases. We specifically focus on the different modalities by which MSC can exert these functions. We aim to provide an updated understanding of these paracrine mechanisms as a prerequisite to broadening the therapeutic potential and clinical impact of MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi D'souza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Rossignoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Golinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlotta Spano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Olivia Candini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Satoru Osturu
- The Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Fabio Catani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Paolucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- The Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy.
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Li HD, Zhang QX, Mao Z, Xu XJ, Li NY, Zhang H. Exogenous interleukin-10 attenuates hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice. Exp Physiol 2015; 100:331-40. [PMID: 25480159 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.083337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Dong Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease; the 88th Hospital of the Chinese PLA; Taian 271000 China
| | - Qing-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics; the 148th Hospital of the Chinese PLA; Zibo 255300 China
| | - Zhi Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine; the Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing 100853 China
| | - Xing-Jie Xu
- Department of TCM; The Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical College; Taian 271000 China
| | - Nai-Yi Li
- Department of Medical Services; the 88th Hospital of the Chinese PLA; Taian 271000 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; the 88th Hospital of the Chinese PLA; Taian 271000 China
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Cell-based therapy for acute organ injury: preclinical evidence and ongoing clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells. Anesthesiology 2014; 121:1099-121. [PMID: 25211170 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill patients often suffer from multiple organ failures involving lung, kidney, liver, or brain. Genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches highlight common injury mechanisms leading to acute organ failure. This underlines the need to focus on therapeutic strategies affecting multiple injury pathways. The use of adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC) may represent a promising new therapeutic approach as increasing evidence shows that MSC can exert protective effects following injury through the release of promitotic, antiapoptotic, antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory soluble factors. Furthermore, they can mitigate metabolomic and oxidative stress imbalance. In this work, the authors review the biological capabilities of MSC and the results of clinical trials using MSC as therapy in acute organ injuries. Although preliminary results are encouraging, more studies concerning safety and efficacy of MSC therapy are needed to determine their optimal clinical use. (ANESTHESIOLOGY 2014; 121:1099-121).
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Infusion of mesenchymal stem cells protects lung transplants from cold ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Lung 2014; 193:85-95. [PMID: 25344633 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-014-9654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of graft failure in lung transplantation. Despite therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in attenuating acute lung injury, their protection of lung transplants from cold IRI remains elusive. The present study was to test the efficacy of MSCs in the prevention of cold IRI using a novel murine model of orthotopic lung transplantation. METHODS Donor lungs from C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 6 h of cold ischemia before transplanted to syngeneic recipients. MSCs were isolated from the bone marrows of C57BL/6 mice for recipient treatment. Gas exchange was determined by the measurement of blood oxygenation, and lung injury and inflammation were assessed by histological analyses. RESULTS Intravenously delivered MSC migration/trafficking to the lung grafts occurred within 4-hours post-transplantation. As compared to untreated controls, the graft arterial blood oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2) capacity was significantly improved in MSC-treated recipients as early as 4 h post-reperfusion and such improvement continued over time. By 72 h, oxygenation reached normal level that was not seen in controls. MSCs treatment conferred significant protection of the grafts from cold IRI and cell apoptosis, which is correlated with less cellular infiltration, a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and toll-like receptor 4, and an increase in anti-inflammatory TSG-6 generation. CONCLUSIONS MSCs provide significant protection against cold IRI in lung transplants, and thus may be a promising strategy to improve outcomes after lung transplantation.
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Gene therapy modalities in lung transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:165-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Lalu MM, Moher D, Marshall J, Fergusson D, Mei SH, Macleod M, Griffin G, Turgeon AF, Rudnicki M, Fishman J, Avey MT, Skidmore B, Grimshaw JM, Stewart DJ, Singh K, McIntyre L. Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cells in preclinical models of acute lung injury: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2014; 3:48. [PMID: 24887266 PMCID: PMC4046388 DOI: 10.1186/2046-4053-3-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in humans is caused by an unchecked proinflammatory response that results in diffuse and severe lung injury, and it is associated with a mortality rate of 35 to 45%. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs; 'adult stem cells') could represent a promising new therapy for this syndrome, since preclinical evidence suggests that MSCs may ameliorate lung injury. Prior to a human clinical trial, our aim is to conduct a systematic review to compare the efficacy and safety of MSC therapy versus controls in preclinical models of acute lung injury that mimic some aspects of the human ARDS. METHODS/DESIGN We will include comparative preclinical studies (randomized and non-randomized) of acute lung injury in which MSCs were administered and outcomes compared to animals given a vehicle control. The primary outcome will be death. Secondary outcomes will include the four key features of preclinical acute lung injury as defined by the American Thoracic Society consensus conference (histologic evidence of lung injury, altered alveolar capillary barrier, lung inflammatory response, and physiological dysfunction) and pathogen clearance for acute lung injury models that are caused by infection. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS Previews, and Web of Science will be constructed and reviewed by the Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) process. Search results will be screened independently and in duplicate. Data from eligible studies will be extracted, pooled, and analyzed using random effects models. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and individual study reporting will be assessed according to the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines. DISCUSSION The results of this systematic review will comprehensively summarize the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in preclinical models of acute lung injury. Our results will help translational scientists and clinical trialists to determine whether sufficient evidence exists to perform a human clinical trial. These results may also guide future acute lung injury preclinical and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Department of Medicine (Division of Critical Care), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Zhu YG, Hao Q, Monsel A, Feng XM, Lee JW. Adult stem cells for acute lung injury: remaining questions and concerns. Respirology 2014; 18:744-56. [PMID: 23578018 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The pathophysiology of ALI involves complex interactions between the inciting event, such as pneumonia, sepsis or aspiration, and the host immune response resulting in lung protein permeability, impaired resolution of pulmonary oedema, an intense inflammatory response in the injured alveolus and hypoxemia. In multiple preclinical studies, adult stem cells have been shown to be therapeutic due to both the ability to mitigate injury and inflammation through paracrine mechanisms and perhaps to regenerate tissue by virtue of their multi-potency. These characteristics have stimulated intensive research efforts to explore the possibility of using stem or progenitor cells for the treatment of lung injury. A variety of stem or progenitor cells have been isolated, characterized and tested experimentally in preclinical animal models of ALI. However, questions remain concerning the optimal dose, route and the adult stem or progenitor cell to use. Here, the current mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of stem cells in ALI as well as the questions that will arise as clinical trials for ALI are planned are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Gang Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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45
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Chen J, Li C, Gao X, Li C, Liang Z, Yu L, Li Y, Xiao X, Chen L. Keratinocyte growth factor gene delivery via mesenchymal stem cells protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83303. [PMID: 24367590 PMCID: PMC3867420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high morbidity and mortality, and have no specific therapy. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a critical factor for pulmonary epithelial repair and acts via the stimulation of epithelial cell proliferation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proved as good therapeutic vectors. Thus, we hypothesized that MSC-based KGF gene therapy would have beneficial effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced lung injury. After two hours of intratracheal LPS administration to induce lung injury, mice received saline, MSCs alone, empty vector-engineered MSCs (MSCs-vec) or KGF-engineered MSCs (MSCs-kgf) via the tail vein. The MSCs-kgf could be detected in the recipient lungs and the level of KGF expression significantly increased in the MSCs-kgf mice. The MSC-mediated administration of KGF not only improved pulmonary microvascular permeability but also mediated a down-regulation of proinflammatory responses (reducing IL-1β and TNF-α) and an up-regulation of anti-inflammatory responses (increasing cytokine IL-10). Furthermore, the total severity scores of lung injury were significantly reduced in the MSCs-kgf group compared with the other three groups. The underlying mechanism of the protective effect of KGF on ALI may be attributed to the promotion of type II lung epithelial cell proliferation and the enhancement of surfactant synthesis. These findings suggest that MSCs-based KGF gene therapy may be a promising strategy for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chonghui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liangan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Kuo YC, Li YSJ, Zhou J, Shih YRV, Miller M, Broide D, Lee OKS, Chien S. Human mesenchymal stem cells suppress the stretch-induced inflammatory miR-155 and cytokines in bronchial epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71342. [PMID: 23967196 PMCID: PMC3742760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research in pulmonary pathology has focused on inflammatory reactions initiated by immunological responses to allergens and irritants. In addition to these biochemical stimuli, physical forces also play an important role in regulating the structure, function, and metabolism of the lung. Hyperstretch of lung tissues can contribute to the inflammatory responses in asthma, but the mechanisms of mechanically induced inflammation in the lung remain unclear. Our results demonstrate that excessive stretch increased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by human bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs), including IL-8. This increase of IL-8 secretion was due to an elevated microRNA-155 (miR-155) expression, which caused the suppression of Src homology 2 domain–containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) production and the subsequent activation of JNK signaling. In vivo studies in our asthmatic mouse model also showed such changes in miR-155, IL-8, and SHIP1 expressions that reflect inflammatory responses. Co-culture with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) reversed the stretch-induced hBEC inflammatory responses as a result of IL-10 secretion by hMSCs to down-regulate miR-155 expression in hBECs. In summary, we have demonstrated that mechanical stretch modulates the homeostasis of the hBEC secretome involving miR-155 and that hMSCs can be used as a potential therapeutic approach to reverse bronchial epithelial inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yi-Shuan Julie Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ru Vernon Shih
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (OK-SL); (SC)
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OK-SL); (SC)
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Cobo M, Anderson P, Benabdellah K, Toscano MG, Muñoz P, García-Pérez A, Gutierrez I, Delgado M, Martin F. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Ameliorate Symptoms in a Model of Chronic Multiple Sclerosis. Cell Transplant 2013; 22:839-54. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x657404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe debilitating disorder characterized by progressive demyelination and axonal damage of the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapies for MS inhibit the immune response and demonstrate reasonable benefits if applied during the early phase of relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) while there are no treatments for patients that progress neither to the chronic phase nor for the primary progressive form of the disease. In this manuscript, we have studied the therapeutic efficacy of a cell and gene therapy strategy for the treatment of a mouse model of chronic MS [myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)]. We used allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic tool and also as vehicle to deliver fully processed 3.3-kDa vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) to the peripheral immune organs and to the inflamed CNS. Intraperitoneal administrations of MSCs expressing VIP stopped progression and reduced symptoms when administered at peak of disease. The improvement in clinical score correlated with diminished peripheral T-cell responses against MOG as well as lower inflammation, lower demyelination, and higher neuronal integrity in the CNS. Interestingly, neither lentiviral vectors expressing VIP nor unmodified MSCs were therapeutic when administer at the peak of disease. The increased therapeutic effect of MSCs expressing VIP over unmodified MSCs requires the immunoregulatory and neuroprotective roles of both VIP and MSCs and the ability of the MSCs to migrate to peripheral lymph organs and the inflamed CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marién Cobo
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Per Anderson
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Karim Benabdellah
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel G. Toscano
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Muñoz
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Angélica García-Pérez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Iván Gutierrez
- Biobanco, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Armilla, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Delgado
- IPB Lopez Neyra, CSIC, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martin
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
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Payne NL, Sun G, McDonald C, Moussa L, Emerson-Webber A, Loisel-Meyer S, Medin JA, Siatskas C, Bernard CCA. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells engineered to secrete IL-10 inhibit APC function and limit CNS autoimmunity. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 30:103-14. [PMID: 23369732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important immunoregulatory cytokine shown to impact inflammatory processes as manifested in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Several lines of evidence indicate that the effectiveness of IL-10-based therapies may be dependent on the timing and mode of delivery. In the present study we engineered the expression of IL-10 in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Adi-IL-10-MSCs) and transplanted these cells early in the disease course to mice with EAE. Adi-IL-10-MSCs transplanted via the intraperitoneal route prevented or delayed the development of EAE. This protective effect was associated with several anti-inflammatory response mechanisms, including a reduction in peripheral T-cell proliferative responses, a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion as well as a preferential inhibition of Th17-mediated neuroinflammation. In vitro analyses revealed that Adi-IL-10-MSCs inhibited the phenotypic maturation, cytokine production and antigen presenting capacity of bone marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells, suggesting that the mechanism of action may involve an indirect effect on pathogenic T-cells via the modulation of antigen presenting cell function. Collectively, these results suggest that early intervention with gene modified Adi-MSCs may be beneficial for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L Payne
- Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Inflammatory signalling associated with brain dead organ donation: from brain injury to brain stem death and posttransplant ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Transplant 2013; 2013:521369. [PMID: 23691272 PMCID: PMC3649190 DOI: 10.1155/2013/521369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain death is associated with dramatic and serious pathophysiologic changes that adversely affect both the quantity and quality of organs available for transplant. To fully optimise the donor pool necessitates a more complete understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of organ dysfunction associated with transplantation. These injurious processes are initially triggered by catastrophic brain injury and are further enhanced during both brain death and graft transplantation. The activated inflammatory systems then contribute to graft dysfunction in the recipient. Inflammatory mediators drive this process in concert with the innate and adaptive immune systems. Activation of deleterious immunological pathways in organ grafts occurs, priming them for further inflammation after engraftment. Finally, posttransplantation ischaemia reperfusion injury leads to further generation of inflammatory mediators and consequent activation of the recipient's immune system. Ongoing research has identified key mediators that contribute to the inflammatory milieu inherent in brain dead organ donation. This has seen the development of novel therapies that directly target the inflammatory cascade.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Organ transplantation and other major surgeries are impacted by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) recently became an attractive alternative therapeutic tool to combat IRI. The present review highlights the effects of MSCs in the preclinical animal models of IRI and clinical trials, and explains their potential modes of action based on the pathophysiological IRI cascade. RECENT FINDINGS The application of MSCs in animal models of IRI show anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, particularly for damage to the kidneys, heart and lungs. The mechanism of MSC action remains unclear, but may involve paracrine factors which could include the transfer of microvesicles, RNA or mitochondria. Although few clinical trials have reached completion, adverse effects appear minimal. SUMMARY MSCs show promise in protecting against IRI-induced damage. They appear to help recovery mainly by affecting the levels of inflammation and apoptosis during the organ repair process. In addition, they may mediate immunomodulatory effects on the innate and adaptive immune processes triggered during reperfusion and reduce fibrosis. Success in preclinical animal models has led to the initiation of ongoing clinical trials.
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