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Lim HJ, Park IS, Seo JW, Ha G, Yang HJ, Jeong DY, Kim SY, Jung CH. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Korean Soybean Sauce (Ganjang) on Mice with Induced Colitis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1501-1510. [PMID: 38960873 PMCID: PMC11294641 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation of the gut, is caused by several factors. Among these factors, microbial factors are correlated with the gut microbiota, which produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via anaerobic fermentation. Fermented foods are known to regulate the gut microbiota composition. Ganjang (GJ), a traditional fermented Korean soy sauce consumed worldwide, has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti-colitis, and antihypertensive activities. However, its effects on the gut microbiota remain unknown. In the present study, we aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of GJ manufactured using different methods and investigate its effect on SCFA production in the gut. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of GJ in the gut, we performed animal experiments using a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. All GJ samples attenuated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, including reduced colonic length, by suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, GJ administration modulated SCFA production in the DSS-induced colitis model. Overall, GJ exerted anti-inflammatory effects by reducing DSS-induced symptoms via regulation of inflammation and modulation of SCFA levels in a DSS-induced colitis model. Thus, GJ is a promising fermented food with the potential to prevent IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ji Lim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Park
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Seo
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangsu Ha
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Yang
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Youn Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
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Kwon HJ, Chun SY, Lee EH, Yoon B, Han MH, Chung JW, Ha YS, Lee JN, Kim HT, Kim DH, Kwon TG, Kim BS, Lee SO, Jang BI. Protaetia Brevitarsis-Derived Protein Hydrolysate Reduces Obesity-Related Colitis Induced by High-Fat Diet in Mice through Anti-Inflammatory Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12333. [PMID: 37569708 PMCID: PMC10418620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation in the mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon. Obesity is closely related to the occurrence and progression of colitis. The most plausible mechanism linking obesity and colitis is an excessive adipogenesis-related inflammatory response, which causes mucosal dysfunction. Obesity and colitis are linked by several etiologic mechanisms, including excessive adipogenesis, lipotoxicity, pro-inflammatory adipokines/cytokines, macrophage polarization, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and gut microbiota. These low-grade enteric inflammations cause mucosal layer damage, especially goblet cell dysfunction through mucin 2 (MUC2) misfolding, ultimately leading to colitis. Inhibiting the inflammatory response can be the most effective approach for treating obesity-related colitis. We focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols in Protaectia brevitas larvae. The P. brevitas was prepared as a low molecular protein hydrolysate (PHPB) to increase the concentration of anti-inflammatory molecules. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of PHPB in an obesity-induced colitis mouse model. Compared with the high-fat diet (HFD) group, the group treated with PHPB exhibited reduced body/organ/fat weight, appetite/food intake inhibition, hypolipidemic effect on ectopic fat, and anti-adipogenic mechanism through the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed attenuated expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα, inhibition of pro-inflammatory molecules, stimulation of anti-inflammatory molecules, probiotic-like effect against obesogenic gut microbiota, inhibition of macrophage polarization into M1, suppression of oxidative/ER stress, and reduction of Muc2 protein misfolding in colon. These diverse anti-inflammatory responses caused histological and functional recovery of goblet cells, eventually improving colitis. Therefore, our findings suggest that the protein hydrolysate of Protaetia brevitarsis can improve obesity-related colitis through its anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jun Kwon
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - So Young Chun
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - BoHyun Yoon
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Hoon Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Chung
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research Support Team, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.C.); (J.N.L.); (T.G.K.); (B.S.K.)
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ik Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
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Manna L, Rizzi E, Bafile E, Cappelleri A, Ruscica M, Macchi C, Podaliri Vulpiani M, Salini R, Rossi E, Panebianco C, Perri F, Pazienza V, Federici F. Lentilactobacillus kefiri SGL 13 and Andrographis paniculata alleviate dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1072334. [PMID: 36860688 PMCID: PMC9968723 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1072334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions that typically involve diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, and weight loss, with a dramatic impact on patients' quality of life. Standard medications are often associated with adverse side effects. Thus, alternative treatments such as probiotics are of great interest. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of oral administration of Lentilactobacillus kefiri (basonym: Lactobacillus kefiri) SGL 13 and Andrographis paniculata, namely, Paniculin 13™, on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- treated C57BL/6J mice. Methods Colitis was induced by administering 1.5% DSS in drinking water for 9 days. Forty male mice were divided into four groups, receiving PBS (control), 1.5% DSS, Paniculin 13™ and 1.5% DSS + Paniculin 13™. Results The results showed that body weight loss and Disease Activity Index (DAI) score were improved by Paniculin 13™. Moreover, Paniculin 13™ ameliorated DSS-induced dysbiosis, by modulating the gut microbiota composition. The gene expression of MPO, TNFα and iNOS in colon tissue was reduced and these data matched with the histological results, supporting the efficacy of Paniculin 13™ in reducing the inflammatory response. No adverse effects were associated to Paniculin 13™ administration. Discussion In conclusion, Paniculin 13™ could be an effective add-on approach to conventional therapies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Manna
- PNK Farmaceutici S.p.a., Castelnuovo Vomano, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Cappelleri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione UNIMI, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Podaliri Vulpiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “Giuseppe Caporale” (IZSAM), Teramo, Italy
| | - Romolo Salini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “Giuseppe Caporale” (IZSAM), Teramo, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “Giuseppe Caporale” (IZSAM), Teramo, Italy
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Federica Federici
- PNK Farmaceutici S.p.a., Castelnuovo Vomano, Italy,*Correspondence: Federica Federici,
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The Impact of Za'atar Antioxidant Compounds on the Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Disorders: Insights for Future Clinical Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020426. [PMID: 36829984 PMCID: PMC9952350 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in host homeostasis and energy balance, changes in its composition can be associated with disease states through the promotion of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders and increasing intestinal permeability, ultimately leading to the impairment of intestinal barrier function. Za'atar is one of the most popular plant-based foods in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Za'atar is a mixture of different plant leaves, fruits, and seeds and contains hundreds of antioxidant compounds, especially polyphenols, and fiber, with pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggesting health-promoting effects in cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Za'atar compounds have also been studied from a gastrointestinal perspective, concerning both gut microbiota and gastrointestinal diseases. Antioxidants such as Za'atar polyphenols may provide beneficial effects in the complex interplay between the diet, gut microbiota, and intestinal permeability. To our knowledge, no studies have reported the effects of the whole Za'atar mixture, however, based on the pre-clinical studies published on components and single compounds found in Za'atar, we provide a clinical overview of the possible effects on the gastrointestinal tract, focusing mainly on carvacrol, rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, and other polyphenols. We also cover the potential clinical applications of Za'atar mixture as a possible nutraceutical in disorders involving the gastrointestinal tract.
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Fermented Foods of Korea and Their Functionalities. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fermented foods are loved and enjoyed worldwide and are part of a tradition in several regions of the world. Koreans have traditionally had a healthy diet since people in this region have followed a fermented-foods diet for at least 5000 years. Fermented-product footprints are evolving beyond boundaries and taking the lead in the world of food. Fermented foods, such as jang (fermented soybean products), kimchi (fermented vegetables), jeotgal (fermented fish), and vinegar (liquor with grain and fruit fermentation), are prominent fermented foods in the Korean culture. These four major fermented foods have been passed down through the generations and define Korean cuisine. However, scientific advancements in the fermentation process have increased productivity rates and facilitated global exports. Recently, Korean kimchi and jang have garnered significant attention due to their nutritional and health-beneficial properties. The health benefits of various Korean fermented foods have been consistently supported by both preclinical and clinical research. Korean fermented foods effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular and chronic metabolic diseases, such as immune regulation, memory improvement, obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Additionally, kimchi is known to prevent and improve multiple metabolic diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and improve beneficial intestinal bacteria. These functional health benefits may reflect the synergistic effect between raw materials and various physiologically active substances produced during fermentation. Thus, fermented foods all over the world not only enrich our dining table with taste, aroma, and nutrition, but also the microorganisms involved in fermentation and metabolites of various fermentations have a profound effect on human health. This article describes the production and physiological functions of Korean fermented foods, which are anticipated to play a significant role in the wellness of the world’s population in the coming decades.
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Hinshaw DC, Swain CA, Chen D, Hanna A, Molina PA, Maynard CL, Lee G, McFarland BC, Samant RS, Shevde LA. Hedgehog blockade remodels the gut microbiota and the intestinal effector CD8 + T cells in a mouse model of mammary carcinoma. J Transl Med 2022; 102:1236-1244. [PMID: 36775449 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the gut microbiome's rise as a potential frontier in cancer pathogenesis and therapy, leveraging microbial analyses in the study of breast tumor progression and treatment could unveil novel interactions between commensal bacteria and disease outcomes. In breast cancer, the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a potential target for treatment due to its aberrant activation leading to poorer prognoses and drug resistance. There are limited studies that have investigated the influences of orally administered cancer therapeutics, such as Vismodegib (a pharmacological, clinically used Hh inhibitor) on the gut microbiota. Using a 4T1 mammary carcinoma mouse model and 16 S rRNA sequencing, we longitudinally mapped alterations in immunomodulating gut microbes during mammary tumor development. Next, we identified changes in the abundance of commensal microbiota in response to Vismodegib treatment of 4T1 mammary tumor-bearing mice. In addition to remodeling gut microbiota, Vismodegib treatment elicited an increase in proliferative CD8+ T cells in the colonic immune network, without any remarkable gastrointestinal-associated side effects. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess longitudinal changes in the gut microbiome during mammary tumor development and progression. Our study also pioneers an investigation of the dynamic effects of an orally delivered Hh inhibitor on the gut microbiome and the gut-associated immune-regulatory adaptive effector CD8+ T cells. These findings inform future comprehensive studies on the consortium of altered microbes that can impact potential systemic immunomodulatory roles of Vismodegib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique C Hinshaw
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Courtney A Swain
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dongquan Chen
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ann Hanna
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Patrick A Molina
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Craig L Maynard
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Goo Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Braden C McFarland
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rajeev S Samant
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Langyan S, Yadava P, Sharma S, Gupta NC, Bansal R, Yadav R, Kalia S, Kumar A. Food and nutraceutical functions of sesame oil: An underutilized crop for nutritional and health benefits. Food Chem 2022; 389:132990. [PMID: 35569244 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sesame is the oldest oilseed crop known to humanity, though it contributes a small share in the global vegetable oil production. Sesame oil contains nutrients, including lignans, tocopherols, phytosterols, natural antioxidants, and bioactive compounds. It provides various health benefits such as anti-lipogenic, hypo-cholesterolemic, anti-degenerative, and neural health-promoting properties. Being an under-utilized minor crop, it has not received enough research attention for its food and nutraceutical potential. The sesame crop is a potential candidate to maintain the diversity of food oils and harness its benefits for improving human health. The present review will provide detailed research on sesame oil contents, health effects, nutraceuticals, oil quality, and value addition strategies. Also, the sesame oil nutritional quality was compared with other vegetable oils, highlighting the potential health and nutrition-related benefits. The way forward for further sesame improvement through value addition traits was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Langyan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Pranjal Yadava
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Oilseed Section, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ruchi Bansal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rashmi Yadav
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
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Alleviation of Metabolic Disturbance by Substituting Kanjang High in Bacillus for Salt through Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Estrogen-Deficient Rats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131951. [PMID: 35804768 PMCID: PMC9265560 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A high salt intake may exacerbate menopausal symptoms and substituting for different types of traditionally made kanjang (TMK; soy sauce) may prevent it. This study examined whether substituting salt with lyophilized TMK containing low and high Bacillus and biogenic amines in a high-fat diet might modulate the menopausal symptoms and the energy, glucose, and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. They were categorized into salt (Control), TMK with high Bacillus and low biogenic amines (HBLB), TMK with high Bacillus and high biogenic amines (HBHB), TMK with low Bacillus and low biogenic amines (LBLB), and TMK with low Bacillus and high biogenic amines (LBHB). Sham-operated rats consumed the same diet as the Control. HBLB, HBHB, and LBHB prevented increased tail skin temperature compared to the Control. HBHB and HBLB partially inhibited the increased weight gain and abdominal fat mass by reducing the food efficiency without changing the serum 17β-estradiol concentrations. Serum glucose and insulin concentrations and the insulin resistance index by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance showed a positive association for weight gain. HBLB and HBHB decreased the serum malondialdehyde and tumor-necrosis factor-α levels. Hepatic triglyceride storage was lower in all TMK groups than in the Control, while hepatic glycogen accumulation was higher in the HBLB, HBHB, and LBHB groups than in the Control and LBLB groups. Accordingly, the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ(PPAR-γ) was higher in the HBLB and HBHB groups compared to the Control, and that of fatty acid synthase was opposite to PPAR-γ expression. However, HBLB and HBHB improved dyslipidemia and insulin resistance compared to the Control, but their improvement did not reach that of the Normal-control. The acetic acid concentrations in the portal vein were lower in the LBLB than in the Control, while the butyric acid contents were higher in the LBHB and HBLB groups than in the Control. HBHB, HBLB, and LBHB elevated Akkermansia and Lactobacillus, and HBLB and LBLB increased Bacteroides and Ruminococcus compared to the Control. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, bile acid synthesis, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly higher in the HBLB group than in the Control group. In conclusion, substituting salts to TMK with a high Bacillus content regardless of the bioamine contents partially improved the menopausal symptoms and metabolic disturbance in estrogen-deficient animals.
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Nile SH, Venkidasamy B, Samynathan R, Nile A, Shao K, Chen T, Sun M, Khan MU, Dutta N, Thiruvengadam M, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Kai G. Soybean Processing Wastes: Novel Insights on Their Production, Extraction of Isoflavones, and Their Therapeutic Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6849-6863. [PMID: 34645264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soybean processing waste (SPW) has potential as a sustainable source of phytochemicals and functional foods. A variety of phytochemicals, nutrients, and minerals have been characterized from SPW using various analytical methods. SPW utilization strategies may provide a new way to increase production of bioactive compounds, nutritional supplements, and cosmetic ingredients. SPW has the potential for value-added processing, to improve commercial use, and to lower environmental pollution through proper use. Okara, a byproduct generated during soybean processing of tofu and soy milk, is rich in dietary fiber, isoflavones, and saponins. Isoflavones, an important class of biologically active compounds owing to their multifunctional and therapeutic effects, are extracted from SPW. Further, studies have shown that okara has potential prebiotic and therapeutic value in lowering the risk of noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, in this review, we focus on several extraction methods and pharmacotherapeutic effects of different SPWs. Their effective uses in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and health applications, as biocatalysts, and as value-added resources have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641062, India
| | - Ramkumar Samynathan
- R&D Division, Alchem Diagnostics, No. 1/1, Gokhale Street, Ram Nagar, Coimbatore, 641009, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Arti Nile
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Keding Shao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Meihong Sun
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nalok Dutta
- Bioproducts Science & Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Tri-Cities Campus, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow 109004, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V M Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Talalikhina St., Moscow 109316, Russian Federation
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
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Wu Y, Tao Y, Jin J, Tong S, Li S, Zhang L. Multi-omics analyses of the mechanism for the formation of soy sauce-like and soybean flavor in Bacillus subtilis BJ3-2. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:142. [PMID: 35596127 PMCID: PMC9121592 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Although soy sauce-like flavor and soybean flavor are two key contributors to the flavor of fermented foods, the key compounds of soy sauce-like flavor and soybean flavor and production mechanisms are still poorly understood and need further investigation. In the present study, we found that the Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) BJ3-2 strain has various metabolic properties at different temperatures, and the strain cultured at 37℃ increased the soybean flavor (a special flavor of ammonia-containing smelly distinct from natto) compared with culturing at 45℃ and 53℃. Interestingly, the strain cultured at 45℃ and 53℃ had a higher soy sauce-like flavor than that in 37℃. Moreover, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the strain cultured at 37℃, 45℃, and 53℃ showed transcriptional changes related to secondary metabolites and ABC transporters, which is critical for the amino acid transport and metabolism in B. subtilis. Meanwhile, proteomics and metabolomics profiling showed a marked change in amino acids transport and metabolism. In addition, the metabolic analysis revealed a significant metabolic difference (including sulfur metabolism, glutathione metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism) in the strain cultured at 45℃ and 53℃ compared to 37℃. To sum, this study used the multi-omics profiling tool to investigate the fermentative strains B. subtilis BJ3-2, thus providing a deeper insight into the mechanism of the formation of soy sauce-like flavor and soybean flavor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
| | - Yi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
| | - Shuoqiu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
| | - Lincheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineeringering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou Province China
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11
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Wang X, Li D, Meng Z, Kim K, Oh S. Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3 Isolated from Kimchi Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-R1 Production. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:348-354. [PMID: 35001008 PMCID: PMC9628784 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2109.09054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that probiotics have health-promoting effects, particularly intestinal immune modulation. In this study, we focused on the immunomodulatory properties of Latilactobacillus curvatus BYB3, formerly called Lactobacillus curvatus, isolated from kimchi. In a mouse model of 14-day dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, treatment with L. curvatus BYB3 significantly decreased the disease activity index, colon length, and weight loss. Moreover, histological analyses showed that L. curvatus BYB3 protected the structural integrity of the intestinal epithelial layer and mucin-secreting goblet cells from DSS-induced damage, with only slight infiltration by immune cells. To evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying L. curvatus BYB3-driven inhibition of interleukin 6 production, possible in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of L. curvatus BYB3 were examined in the same mouse model. In addition, significantly lower levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 upregulation were seen in the DSS+BYB3 group (compared to that in the DSS group). These results indicate that L. curvatus BYB3 exhibits health-promoting effects via immune modulation; and therefore, it can be used to treat various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dingyun Li
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ziyao Meng
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyeop Kim
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejong Oh
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-62-530-2116 E-mail:
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12
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Protective Effect of Gochujang on Inflammation in a DSS-Induced Colitis Rat Model. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051072. [PMID: 34066160 PMCID: PMC8150376 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gochujang is a traditional Korean fermented soy-based spicy paste made of meju (fermented soybean), red pepper powder, glutinous rice, and salt. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Gochujang containing salt in DSS-induced colitis. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were partitioned into five groups: normal control, DSS control, DSS + salt, DSS + mesalamine, and DSS + Gochujang groups. They were tested for 14 days. Gochujang improved the disease activity index (DAI), colon weight/length ratio, and colon histomorphology, with outcomes similar to results of mesalamine administration. Moreover, Gochujang decreased the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibited TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA expression in the colon. Gochujang downregulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2 and decreased the activation of NF-κB in the colon. Gochujang induced significant modulation in gut microbiota by significantly increasing the number of Akkermansia muciniphila while decreasing the numbers of Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus sciuri. However, compared with the DSS group, the salt group did not significantly change the symptoms of colitis or cytokine levels in serum and colon. Moreover, the salt group significantly decreased the gut microflora diversity. Gochujang mitigated DSS-induced colitis in rats by modulating inflammatory factors and the composition of gut microflora, unlike the intake of salt alone.
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13
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Drabińska N, Ogrodowczyk A. Crossroad of Tradition and Innovation – The Application of Lactic Acid Fermentation to Increase the Nutritional and Health-Promoting Potential of Plant-Based Food Products – a Review. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/134282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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14
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Basson AR, Ahmed S, Almutairi R, Seo B, Cominelli F. Regulation of Intestinal Inflammation by Soybean and Soy-Derived Compounds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040774. [PMID: 33916612 PMCID: PMC8066255 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors, particularly diet, are considered central to the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. In particular, the Westernization of diet, characterized by high intake of animal protein, saturated fat, and refined carbohydrates, has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of IBD. During the last decade, soybean, as well as soy-derived bioactive compounds (e.g., isoflavones, phytosterols, Bowman-Birk inhibitors) have been increasingly investigated because of their anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of IBD. Herein we provide a scoping review of the most studied disease mechanisms associated with disease induction and progression in IBD rodent models after feeding of either the whole food or a bioactive present in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Raffner Basson
- Division of Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Digestive Health Research Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.A.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Saleh Ahmed
- Digestive Health Research Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.A.); (B.S.)
| | - Rawan Almutairi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Brian Seo
- Digestive Health Research Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.A.); (B.S.)
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Division of Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Digestive Health Research Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (S.A.); (B.S.)
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15
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Gupta M, Pattanaik AK, Singh A, Sharma S, Jadhav SE. An appraisal of the gut health modulatory effects of a calf faecal-origin probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius CPN60 using Wistar rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1340-1348. [PMID: 32812651 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics of varied origins are being developed for augmenting the gut health of human and animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a calf-origin probiotic supplement on the gut health of Wistar rats for both healthy and colitis conditions. RESULTS Forty-eight rats were randomly distributed into four equal groups. The 42-day study involved feeding basal diet alone (CON) or diet supplemented with the calf-origin Lactobacillus salivarius strain CPN60 (PRO). The third (CONc) and fourth (PROc) groups of rats also received the same dietary treatments (CON and PRO, respectively) but were subjected to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis after 32 days of feeding. The results of a digestion trial conducted after 5 days of DSS administration revealed no influence of probiotic on the digestibility of nutrients. However, the reduced digestibility of protein and fat seen in the CONc rats was improved in the PROc group. The concentrations of lactate and acetate, propionate and butyrate, as well as total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), were increased (P < 0.05) in the caecal and colonic digesta upon probiotic supplementation, together with significantly reduced colonic ammonia levels. Furthermore, there were reductions (P < 0.05) in acetate, butyrate and total SCFA levels in the caecal contents as a result of colitis. Probiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05) lactobacilli and bifidobacteria counts in the colon, whereas clostridia and coliform counts were reduced (P < 0.05). These were reversed by the probiotic supplementation. CONCLUSION Dietary supplementation of L. salivarius CPN60 had a positive effect with respect to improving the overall gut health of healthy rats, as well as that of rats exposed to experimental colitis. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokshata Gupta
- Clinical & Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Ashok K Pattanaik
- Clinical & Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Asmita Singh
- Clinical & Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Clinical & Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Sunil E Jadhav
- Clinical & Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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16
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Dioletis E, Paiva RS, Kaffe E, Secor ER, Weiss TR, Fields MR, Ouyang X, Ali A. The fermented soy beverage Q-CAN® plus induces beneficial changes in the oral and intestinal microbiome. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:6. [PMID: 33658080 PMCID: PMC7931600 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soy products are associated with many beneficial health consequences, but their effects on the human intestinal microbiome are poorly characterized. Objectives To identify the changes in the oral and fecal microbiome in lean and obese participants due to consumption of Q-CAN®, and to assess the expected consequences of these changes based on the published literature. Methods Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (9) participants consuming Q-CAN® twice daily for 4 weeks with 8 weeks follow-up. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and data analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics. Four hundred forty-four samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results STOOL. In the lean population Bifidobacteria and Blautia show a significant increase while taking Q-CAN®, and there was a trend for this in the obese population. ORAL. There were relatively fewer major changes in the oral microbiome with an increase in the family Veillonellaceae in the lean population while on Q-CAN®. Conclusion Q-CAN® consumption induced a number of significant changes in the fecal and oral microbiome. Most notably an increase in the stool microbiome of Bifidobacteria and Blautia, both of which are associated with positive health benefits, and in the saliva an increase in Veillonellaceae. Trial registration This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on January 14th 2016. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02656056 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-021-00408-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Dioletis
- Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale University School of Medicine, One Gilbert Street, TAC Bldg, Room #S241, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Ricardo S Paiva
- Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale University School of Medicine, One Gilbert Street, TAC Bldg, Room #S241, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Eleanna Kaffe
- Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale University School of Medicine, One Gilbert Street, TAC Bldg, Room #S241, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Eric R Secor
- Hartford Hospital and University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Theresa R Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics (General Pediatrics), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Maxine R Fields
- Department of Pediatrics (General Pediatrics), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Xinshou Ouyang
- Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale University School of Medicine, One Gilbert Street, TAC Bldg, Room #S241, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
| | - Ather Ali
- Department of Pediatrics (General Pediatrics), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
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17
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Ameliorative Effect of Sinapic Acid on Dextran Sodium Sulfate- (DSS-) Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Kunming (KM) Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8393504. [PMID: 33312339 PMCID: PMC7719534 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8393504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic gastrointestinal disease characterized by intestinal inflammation and serious mucosal damage. As a naturally hydroxycinnamic acid, sinapic acid (SA) has antioxidant, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities. We investigated the anticolitic effect and potential mechanisms of SA in DSS-induced colitis in Kunming (KM) mice. SA treatment significantly reduced body weight loss, colon shortening, and intestinal wall thickening in colitis mice. SA treatment also significantly reduced the histological infiltration of inflammatory cells and decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colons of colitis mice. The administration of SA attenuated oxidative damage by enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase and reduced the serum and colonic mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines in colitis mice. We used qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays and demonstrated that SA reduced the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and attenuated intestinal permeability by enhancing the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in colitis mice. Here, we conclude that SA exhibits great anticolitic activity against DSS-induced colitis by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing intestinal inflammation, and maintaining the intestinal barrier. Finally, we suggest that SA may be a safe adjuvant for the prevention of clinical colitis.
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18
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Shin MY, Yong CC, Oh S. Regulatory Effect of Lactobacillus brevis Bmb6 on Gut Barrier Functions in Experimental Colitis. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070864. [PMID: 32630643 PMCID: PMC7404641 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of gut barrier functions is closely associated with the pathogenesis of colitis. It is speculated that Lactobacillus brevis Bmb6 alleviates colitis by improving the tight junction (TJ) of the inflamed intestinal epithelial layer. In the present study, the regulatory effects of L. brevis Bmb6 on the TJ barrier to ameliorate colitis-symptoms were investigated. Preliminary screening showed that L. brevis Bmb6 exhibited strong acid and bile acid tolerance, along with antioxidants and β-galactosidase activities. In a 14-day dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, treatment with L. brevis Bmb6 significantly decreased in the disease activity index score. In addition, histological analyses showed that treatment with L. brevis Bmb6 protected the structural integrity of the intestinal epithelial layer and mucin-secreting goblet cells from DSS-induced damage, with only slight infiltration of immune cells. Interestingly, western blotting analyses showed that the expression of the TJ protein, zona occluden-1, was restored in Bmb6-treated mice, but not in DSS-induced mice. Consistently, the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ) was also suppressed in the Bmb6-treated mice. Hence, our findings suggest that suppression of inflammatory conditions enhanced expression of TJ protein, ZO-1, or vice versa, contributing to a colitis-ameliorating effect in L. brevis Bmb6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Shin
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea;
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Cheng-Chung Yong
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Sejong Oh
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2116
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19
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Song JL, Shin SH, Park MH, Hwang SJ, Ju J, Kim HY, Kweon M, Park KY. Fresh Saengshik Showed a Positive Effect on Mitigating Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Experimental Colitis in Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:459-464. [PMID: 32109191 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to compare the anticolitis activity of fresh Saengshik (FSS) with heated Saengshik (HSS) with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis mouse model. Both FSS- and HSS-fed colitis mice exhibited the effects of the increase in the body weight, the alleviation in the colon shortening, and the reduction of the ratio of colon weight to length. However, FSS-fed colitis mice showed a much more significant decrease in DSS-induced tissue damage by mucosal edema and crypt deficiency than did HSS-fed ones. Besides, FSS contributed to decreasing the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta) and inhibiting the colonic mRNA expressions of these cytokines in colitis tissue of the mice. FSS also resulted in the lower colonic mRNA expression level of inflammation-related inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colitis mice than did HSS. Overall results confirmed Saengshik, especially FSS, inhibits more effectively against DSS-induced inflammation reaction in colitis mice than HSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China.,Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Sung-Ho Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.,EROM R&D Center, EROM Co., Ltd, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Park
- EROM R&D Center, EROM Co., Ltd, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Sung-Joo Hwang
- EROM R&D Center, EROM Co., Ltd, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Jaehyun Ju
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Meera Kweon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, P.R. China.,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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20
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Skolmowska D, Głąbska D, Guzek D, Lech G. Association between Dietary Isoflavone Intake and Ulcerative Colitis Symptoms in Polish Caucasian Individuals. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1936. [PMID: 31426486 PMCID: PMC6722525 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently there are contradictory observations regarding the associations between the isoflavone intake and inflammatory bowel disease in terms of its prevention and treatment, and this may be attributed to the diversity of applied doses and influence of various isoflavones. The aim of the presented cross-sectional study is to analyze the association between intake of various isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, glicytein and total isoflavones) and ulcerative colitis symptoms (fecal blood, mucus and pus) in Polish Caucasian individuals in confirmed remission. Assessment of diet was based on self-reported data obtained from patients' three-day dietary records and their individual assessments of symptoms. A total of 56 Caucasian patients with ulcerative colitis in confirmed remission were recruited for the study (37 females and 19 males, aged 18-80). For individuals with no fecal mucus observed, higher daidzein (p = 0.035, 122 vs. 19 µg) and total isoflavone intakes (p = 0.034, 302.2 vs. 123.7 µg) were observed in comparison with individuals not declaring this symptom, while for daidzein it was confirmed for the component density of their diets. The opposite association was stated for fecal pus, as for individuals with a lack of this symptom, lower daidzein intake was stated in comparison with individuals declaring this symptom (p = 0.049, 103.3 vs. 206.7 µg), but it was not confirmed for the component density of the diets. It was stated that the high intake of isoflavones by Caucasian individuals, as in a western diet, may influence the symptoms of ulcerative colitis, with the strongest influence by daidzein. Taking this into account, isoflavones may be included into the diets of ulcerative colitis patients in remission if well-tolerated, but there is a need for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Skolmowska
- Chair of Dietetics, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159c Nowoursynowska Str., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Głąbska
- Chair of Dietetics, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159c Nowoursynowska Str., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Chair of Consumption Research, Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159c Nowoursynowska Str., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gustaw Lech
- Department of General, Gastroenterological and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Jayachandran M, Xu B. An insight into the health benefits of fermented soy products. Food Chem 2019; 271:362-371. [PMID: 30236688 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The current review was aimed to summarize the nutritional values and various health benefits of fermented soy products. Several previous researches proved that soy products rich in protein can reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and triglycerides if consumed instead of animal protein. Apart from these lipid-lowering effects, fermented soy products also proved to be effective in attenuating the effects of diabetes mellitus, blood pressure, cardiac disorders and cancer-related issues. The nutritional value of the fermented soy products gains much attention due to its increased levels compared to the non-fermented ones. The origin, compositions, nutritional values of different fermented soy products and health-promoting benefits of fermented soy products were systematically reviewed. Hence the in-depth analysis of the various research findings on fermented soy products, beneficial activities may help the future researchers to derive a conclusion on its beneficial effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, China.
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22
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Cao ZH, Green-Johnson JM, Buckley ND, Lin QY. Bioactivity of soy-based fermented foods: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:223-238. [PMID: 30521852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, fermented soy foods have been dietary staples in Asia and, now, in response to consumer demand, they are available throughout the world. Fermentation bestows unique flavors, boosts nutritional values and increases or adds new functional properties. In this review, we describe the functional properties and underlying action mechanisms of soy-based fermented foods such as Natto, fermented soy milk, Tempeh and soy sauce. When possible, the contribution of specific bioactive components is highlighted. While numerous studies with in vitro and animal models have hinted at the functionality of fermented soy foods, ascribing health benefits requires well-designed, often complex human studies with analysis of diet, lifestyle, family and medical history combined with long-term follow-ups for each subject. In addition, the contribution of the microbiome to the bioactivities of fermented soy foods, possibly mediated through direct action or bioactive metabolites, needs to be studied. Potential synergy or other interactions among the microorganisms carrying out the fermentation and the host's microbial community may also contribute to food functionality, but the details still require elucidation. Finally, safety evaluation of fermented soy foods has been limited, but is essential in order to provide guidelines for consumption and confirm lack of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hui Cao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Julia M Green-Johnson
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), Oshawa L1H 7K4, Canada
| | | | - Qiu-Ye Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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23
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Song JL, Choi JH, Seo JH, Park KY. Fermented Ganjangs (Soy Sauce and Sesame Sauce) Attenuates Colonic Carcinogenesis in Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Treated C57BL/6J Mice. J Med Food 2018; 21:905-914. [PMID: 30096014 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of different ganjangs (also designated as kanjang), including acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce (AHSS), fermented soy sauce (FSS), and fermented sesame sauce (FSeS), on azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2%)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in C57BL/6J mice were studied. Low doses (4 mL/kg) of both FSeS and FSS significantly increased colon length, suppressed AOM/DSS-induced increases in colon weight/length ratios, and induced colorectal neoplasia compared with AHSS-treated and control mice. Fermented sauces, particularly low doses of FSeS and FSS, showed activity against AOM/DSS-induced colorectal carcinogenesis by abrogating serum and mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-17α as well as by reducing mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in colon mucosa. FSeS significantly increased colonic p53 expression compared with other sauces. However, AHSS showed weak activity against AOM/DSS-induced colonic carcinogenesis. Overall, FSeS showed the strongest anticancer effect, followed by FSS and AHSS. Thus, fermentation with microorganisms rather than chemical processes is important, and raw materials are another factor influencing anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Song
- 1 Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, Guangxi, China .,2 Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education , Chongqing, China
| | | | | | - Kun-Young Park
- 2 Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education , Chongqing, China .,4 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, CHA University , Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Juritsch AF, Moreau R. Role of soybean-derived bioactive compounds in inflammatory bowel disease. Nutr Rev 2018; 76:618-638. [PMID: 29800381 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with IBD present with debilitating symptoms that alter the quality of life and can develop into severe complications requiring surgery. Epidemiological evidence indicates Westernized societies have an elevated IBD burden when compared with Asian societies. Considering the stark contrast between the typical Western and Eastern dietary patterns, it is postulated that differences in food and lifestyle contribute to lower IBD incidence in Asian countries. Soybeans (Glycine max), which are consumed in high quantities and as various preparations in Eastern societies, contain a wealth of natural, biologically active compounds that include isoflavones, bioactive peptides, protease inhibitors, and phytosterols, among many others. These compounds have been shown to improve human health, and preclinical evidence suggests they have potential to improve the prognosis of IBD. This review summarizes the current state of evidence regarding the effects and the mechanisms of action of these soybean-derived bioactive compounds in experimental models of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F Juritsch
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Régis Moreau
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Mun EG, Sohn HS, Kim MS, Cha YS. Antihypertensive effect of Ganjang (traditional Korean soy sauce) on Sprague-Dawley Rats. Nutr Res Pract 2017; 11:388-395. [PMID: 28989575 PMCID: PMC5621361 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.5.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Although Korean fermented foods contain large amounts of salt, which is known to exacerbate health problems, these foods still have beneficial effects such as anti-hypertension, anti-cancer, and anti-colitis properties. We hypothesized that ganjang may have different effects on blood pressure compared to same concentrations of salt. MATERIALS/METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (CT), NaCl (NC), and ganjang (GJ) groups and orally administered with 8% NaCl concentration for 9 weeks. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum chemistry, Na+ and K+ concentrations and renal gene expressions were measured. RESULTS The SBP was significantly increased in the NC group compared to the GJ and CT groups. In addition, the Na+ concentration in urine was higher in the GJ and NC groups than the CT group, but the urine volume was increased in the GJ group compared to the other groups. The serum renin levels were decreased in the GJ group compared to the CT group, while the serum aldosterone level was decreased in the GJ group relative to the NC group. The mRNA expression of the renin, angiotensin II type I receptor, and mineralocorticoid receptor were significantly lower in the GJ group compared to other groups. Furthermore, GJ group showed the lowest levels of genes for Na+ transporter in kidney cortex such as Na+/K+ ATPaseα1 (NKAα1), Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3), Na+/HCO3- co-exchanger (NBC), and carbonic anhydrases II (CAII). CONCLUSIONS The decreased SBP in the GJ could be due to decreased renin and aldosterone levels in serum and increased urinary volume and excretion of Na+ with its transporter gene alteration. Therefore, ganjang may have antihypertensive effect despite its high contents of salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Gyung Mun
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Duckjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Sohn
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Duckjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Duckjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Duckjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea
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Chen X, Zhao X, Wang H, Yang Z, Li J, Suo H. Prevent Effects of Lactobacillus Fermentum HY01 on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060545. [PMID: 28587089 PMCID: PMC5490524 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the preventive effects of Lactobacillus fermentum HY01 (LF-HY01) to dextran sulfate sodium induced-colitis. We observed the ratio of colon weight to its length, colon pathological changes, and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-12, TNFα, and IL-6) in serum. We also took account of the protein levels of IκBα, NF-κB p65, iNOS, and COX-2, and we measured the best effects of different doses of Lactobacillus fermentum HY01 (low dose group was 109 CFU/kg·bw, high dose group was 1010 CFU/kg·bw) on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice. The results were remarkable, suggesting that Lactobacillus fermentum HY01 had significant preventive effects in dextran sulfate sodium induced-colitis; simultaneously, the high dose group showed the best results among other groups. It can effectively alleviate the shortened colon length, reduce the ratio of colon weight to its length, reduce edema, inflammatory cells infiltration, and colon mucosa injury, and play an important role in the down-regulation of concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors (IFN-γ, IL-12, TNFα, and IL-6). Above all, Lactobacillus fermentum HY01 shows promising prevention for IκBα degradation, inhibition of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation cascades, and decreases the protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zelin Yang
- Chongqing Proviencial center for Animal Disease Control and Precention, Chongqing 401120, China.
| | - Jian Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Metabolomics for empirical delineation of the traditional Korean fermented foods and beverages. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kim DC, Quang TH, Yoon CS, Ngan NTT, Lim SI, Lee SY, Kim YC, Oh H. Anti-neuroinflammatory activities of indole alkaloids from kanjang (Korean fermented soy source) in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglial cells. Food Chem 2016; 213:69-75. [PMID: 27451156 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Kanjang (Korean soy sauce) is a byproduct of the production of the Korean fermented soybean. In the present study, seven indole alkaloid derivatives were isolated from methanol extract of kanjang. Their structures were identified as 1-propyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (1), 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (2), 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-1-carboxylic acid (3), 3-indoleacetic acid (4), Nb-acetyltryptamine (5), 1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carboline (6), and flazine (7) by NMR and MS analyses. Preliminary screening for anti-neuroinflammatory effects of isolated indole alkaloids in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 cells revealed that these compounds inhibited the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2. For the subsequent investigation of anti-neuroinflammatory action of these metabolites, compounds 4 and 7 were selected, and the results revealed that these inhibitory effects correlated with the suppressive effect of 4 and 7 on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. In regards to the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect, 4 and 7 significantly inhibited the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Cheol Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Hong Quang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Ngan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Seong-Il Lim
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Baekhyun-Dong, Bundang-Ku, Sungnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Baekhyun-Dong, Bundang-Ku, Sungnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Daily JW, Park S, Lee YE. Microbiome and Beyond: Non-Viable Food Microbes and Human Health. J Med Food 2015; 18:1289-90. [PMID: 26679041 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.28999.yel] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James W Daily
- 1 Daily Manufacturing Inc. , Rockwell, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sunmin Park
- 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University , Asan, Cungnam, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Lee
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University , Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea.,4 Wonkwang Research Institute for Food Industry, Wonkwang University , Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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