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Staltner R, Valder S, Wodak MF, Köpsel M, Herdegen V, Esatbeyoglu T, Kostov T, Diel P, Bergheim I. Sugar-sweetened beverage but not diluted cloudy apple juice consumption induces post-prandial endotoxemia in healthy adults. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:38. [PMID: 38906893 PMCID: PMC11192722 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sugar beverages are discussed as critical in the development of metabolic endotoxemia. Here, employing a cross-over design study we assessed the effect of diluted cloudy apple juice (AJ), an iso-caloric and -sweetened placebo (P), or water (W) on post-prandial endotoxemia in healthy, normal weight adults. After obtaining fasting blood, 19 healthy men and women consumed 500 mL AJ, P, or W in a randomized order and blood was taken 120 and 180 min later. Caco-2 cells were incubated with the beverages. Markers of intestinal barrier function were assessed. The intake of P but not of AJ or W was associated with a significant increase in TLR2 ligands and bacterial endotoxin in serum after 120 min and 180 min, respectively. P but not AJ significantly increased bacterial toxin permeation in Caco-2 cells. Our results suggest that the effects of sugar-sweetened beverages on markers of intestinal barrier function markedly differ from those of fruit juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Valder
- Institute of Cardiology and Sports, Section Molecular and Cellular Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian F Wodak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Köpsel
- Department of Molecular Food Chemistry and Food Development, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Volker Herdegen
- Research and Innovation, Eckes-Granini Group GmbH, Nieder-Olm, Germany
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Food Chemistry and Food Development, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tihomir Kostov
- Institute of Cardiology and Sports, Section Molecular and Cellular Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Institute of Cardiology and Sports, Section Molecular and Cellular Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Interdonato L, Ferrario G, Cordaro M, D'Amico R, Siracusa R, Fusco R, Impellizzeri D, Cuzzocrea S, Aldini G, Di Paola R. Targeting Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Inflammatory Pain: The Role of Polyphenols from Thinned Apples. Molecules 2023; 28:5376. [PMID: 37513248 PMCID: PMC10385557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet can modulate the different stages of inflammation due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. Apples are a great source of phenolic compounds that show anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and these might be used as a dietary supplement and/or functional element in the treatment of chronic inflammatory illnesses. The aim of our study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions of thinned apple polyphenol (TAP) extracts in a model of paw edema. The experimental model was induced in rats via subplantar injections of 1% λ-Carrageenan (CAR) in the right hind leg, and TAP extract was administered via oral gavage 30 min before and 1 h after the CAR injection at doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively. The inflammatory response is usually quantified by the increase in the size of the paw (edema), which is maximal about 5 h after the injection of CAR. CAR-induced inflammation generates the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, the inflammatory state induces the pain that involves the peripheral nociceptors, but above all it acts centrally at the level of the spinal cord. Our results showed that the TAP extracts reduced paw histological changes, neutrophil infiltration, mast cell degranulation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, the oral administration of TAP extracts decreased thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, along with a reduction in spinal microglia and the markers of nociception. In conclusion, we demonstrate that TAP extract is able to modulate inflammatory, oxidative, and painful processes, and is also useful in the treatment of the symptoms associated with paw edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrario
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D'Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Mahmoud MF, Abdo W, Nabil M, Drissi B, El-Shazly AM, Abdelfattah MAO, Sobeh M. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) leaves attenuate indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114331. [PMID: 36736281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malus domestica Borkh, the apple tree, exhibited numerous pharmacological properties including antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial activities. The present work aimed to annotate the secondary metabolites from a butanol fraction of apple leaves (BLE), evaluate the gastro-protective and healing effects of this fraction against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats and to identify its mechanism of action. BLE (100, and 200 mg/kg) was orally administered in rats as an acute treatment against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in comparison with famotidine as reference anti-ulcer drug. The stomachs of rats were collected to determine the ulcer index, the preventive ratio, measure the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and estimate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Furthermore, we evaluated both inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the gastric tissues. We also performed histopathological study of gastric mucosa using H&E stain and periodic Schiff base stain to evaluate both gastric injury scores and gastric mucus content respectively. Pretreatment with BLE markedly lowered the severity of gastric injury induced by indomethacin, decreased oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and COX-2 expression in the examined gastric tissues. The gastric healing effect of BLE was associated with increased mucoglycoproteins, and HSP70 expression. Additionally, gastric healing effect of high dose of BLE was superior to that of famotidine in decreasing gastric injury scores, COX-2, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation and in increasing gastric mucin content, HSP70, and reduced glutathione. These findings indicate that BLE is effective in accelerating ulcer healing by boosting HSP70 expression, and decreasing COX-2 expression, oxidative stress, and gastric inflammation which might be related to the presence of 21 phytoconstituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nabil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, Kharga, Egypt
| | - Badreddine Drissi
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, 44813 El Saleheya El Gadida, Egypt
| | | | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco.
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Polyphenols from Thinned Young Apples: HPLC-HRMS Profile and Evaluation of Their Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities by Proteomic Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081577. [PMID: 36009298 PMCID: PMC9405250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The qualitative profile of thinned apple polyphenols (TAP) fraction (≈24% of polyphenols) obtained by purification through absorbent resin was fully investigated by LC-HRMS in positive and negative ion mode and using ESI source. A total of 68 polyphenols were identified belonging to six different classes: flavanols, flavonols, dihydrochalchones, flavanones, flavones and organic and phenolic acids. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were then investigated in cell models with gene reporter for NRF2 and NF-κB and by quantitative proteomic (label-free and SILAC) approaches. TAP dose-dependently activated NRF2 and in the same concentration range (10–250 µg/mL) inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation induced by TNF-α and IL-1α as pro-inflammatory promoters. Proteomic studies elucidated the molecular pathways evoked by TAP treatment: activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway, which in turn up-regulates protective oxidoreductases and their nucleophilic substrates such as GSH and NADPH, the latter resulting from the up-regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway. The increase in the enzymatic antioxidant cellular activity together with the up-regulation of the heme-oxygenase would explain the anti-inflammatory effect of TAP. The results suggest that thinned apples can be considered as a valuable source of apple polyphenols to be used in health care products to prevent/treat oxidative and inflammatory chronic conditions.
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The Evolution of Pharmacological Activities Bouea macrophylla Griffith In Vivo and In Vitro Study: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020238. [PMID: 35215350 PMCID: PMC8880147 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bouea macrophylla Griffith (B. macrophylla) is one of the many herbal plants found in Asia, and its fruit is plum mango. This plant is rich in secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, polyphenolic compounds, and many others. Due to its bioactive components, plum mango has powerful antioxidants that have therapeutic benefits for many common ailments, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. This review describes the evolution of plum mango’s phytochemical properties and pharmacological activities including in vitro and in vivo studies. The pharmacological activities of B. macrophylla Griffith reviewed in this article are antioxidant, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antimicrobial, and antiphotoaging. Each of these pharmacological activities described and studied the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Interestingly, plum mango seeds show good pharmacological activity where the seed is the part of the plant that is a waste product. This can be an advantage because of its economic value as a herbal medicine. Overall, the findings described in this review aim to allow this plant to be explored and utilized more widely, especially as a new drug discovery.
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Sireswar S, Dey G, Biswas S. Influence of fruit-based beverages on efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) against DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110661. [PMID: 34600663 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Different lines of evidences from clinical, epidemiological and biochemical studies have established that optimal nutrition including probiotic and fruit phenolics can mitigate the risk and morbidity associated with some chronic diseases. The basis for this observation is the potential synergies that may exist between probiotic strains and different bioactive components of food matrices. This study was conceptualized to compare the efficiency of a probiotic strain in two different fruit matrices. Two fruits, viz., sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) (SBT) and apples (Malus pumila) (APJ) were chosen and the anti-inflammatory effects of L. rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) (LR) fortified in SBT and APJ were analysed against dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced colitis in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that administration of probiotic (LR) fortified, malt supplemented SBT beverage (SBT + M + LR) had better restorative potential on the intestinal barrier function and mucosal damage, in comparison to LR fortified, malt supplemented APJ beverage (APJ + M + LR). SBT + M + LR demonstrated adequate anti-oxidant potential by enhancing the CAT, SOD, GPx and GSH activities, impaired due to DSS administration. The increase in the expressions of toll like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4 and TLR-5 induced by DSS were significantly inhibited by SBT + M + LR administration. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers, (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CCL20, MPO and MMP9) were attenuated by SBT + M + LR treatment in intestinal tissues of DSS-treated zebrafishes. Notably, SBT + M + LR increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. The study provides evidence that specific interactions between fruit matrix and probiotic strain can provide adjunct therapeutic strategy to manage intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Sireswar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024. India
| | - Gargi Dey
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024. India.
| | - Sutapa Biswas
- Care Hospital, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751016, India
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Ahmed MAE, Mohanad M, Ahmed AAE, Aboulhoda BE, El-Awdan SA. Mechanistic insights into the protective effects of chlorogenic acid against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: Modulation of the cross talk between autophagy and apoptosis signaling. Life Sci 2021; 275:119370. [PMID: 33744322 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) against Indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric ulcer (GU) in rats and its underlying mechanism, especially through autophagic and apoptotic pathways. METHODS Seventy-five rats were divided into five groups; control, IND (50 mg/kg, p.o.), CGA (100 mg/kg, p.o., 14 days), IND pretreated with CGA (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, p.o., 14 days). The stomach tissues were examined to calculate the ulcer index and analyze markers of autophagy (beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I and p62), lysosomal function (cathepsin-D) and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3), along with expression of Akt/mTOR pathway using western blot or ELISA techniques. In addition, viability of gastric mucosal cells was detected by flowcytometry. Structural changes were assessed histologically, while autophagic and apoptotic changes of gastric mucosa were observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS CGA exhibited a dose-dependent gastroprotective effect by reversing IND-induced accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, significant reduction in beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I, and p62 levels, and down-regulation of p-Akt/p-mTOR expression. CGA100 also restored normal autolysosomal function by modulation of cathepsin-D levels. Furthermore, pretreatment with CGA100 was significantly associated with an increase in antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 along with a decrease in proapoptotic Bax and caspase-3 proteins in such a way that impairs IND-induced apoptosis. This was confirmed by CGA-induced significant decrease in annexin V+ cells. CONCLUSIONS The natural compound CGA offers a novel gastroprotective intervention against IND-induced GU through restoration of normal autophagic flux, impairment of apoptosis in a crosstalk mechanism mediated by Akt/mTOR pathway reactivation, and alleviation of IND-induced lysosomal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Mohanad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma E Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally A El-Awdan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Mashayekhi-sardoo H, Razavi BM, Ekhtiari M, Kheradmand N, Imenshahidi M. Gastroprotective effects of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lemon verbena leaves against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1639-1646. [PMID: 33489039 PMCID: PMC7811806 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.44341.10377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regarding Lemon verbena gastroprotective effects, we investigated the protective effects of Lemon verbena extracts on reducing gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats received aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Lemon verbena (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), zileuton (100 mg/kg), montelukast (10 mg/kg), or 1% Tween 80 in presence or absence of indomethacin (100 mg/kg). RESULTS Indomethacin produced stomach ulcer and increased neutrophils percentage and MDA level compared with the control group (P<0.001). Co-administration of indomethacin and zileuton, montelukast and ethanolic (200 mg/kg) (P<0.001), aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) (P<0.05) reduced ulcer compared with the indomethacin group (P<0.001). Ethanolic extracts (100 and 200 mg/kg) and aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) reduced the MDA level (P<0.001). Ethanolic (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) and aqueous extracts (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased neutrophils percentage compared with the indomethacin group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Aqueous and particularly ethanolic extracts of Lemon verbena have protective effects on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibeh Mashayekhi-sardoo
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Ekhtiari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negar Kheradmand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zou T, Wang B, Li S, Liu Y, You J. Dietary apple polyphenols promote fat browning in high-fat diet-induced obese mice through activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2389-2398. [PMID: 31916584 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting brown and beige adipogenesis contributes to adaptive thermogenesis, which provides a defense against obesity and related disorders. Apple polyphenols (APs) play a significant role in treating variety of metabolic diseases. This study was conducted to determine the effects of APs on the development of brown and beige adipocytes and thermogenesis and investigate whether these effects are mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were subjected to APs treatment. The thermogenic program and associated regulatory factors, and the involvement of AMPKα was assessed. RESULTS Dietary APs supplementation reduced adiposity and improved insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, APs increased the oxygen consumption and heat production and decreased respiratory exchange ratio, which were accompanied by the upregulation of thermogenic genes expression and the activation of AMPKα in brown fat and inguinal white fat. Further, APs treatment directly increased expression of brown adipogenic markers and induced phosphorylation of AMPKα in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas the beneficial effects of APs were reversed by AMPK inhibition. CONCLUSION Our results provide new insights into the function of APs in regulating brown/beige adipogenesis and adaptive thermogenesis and suggest the potential application of APs in the prevention and therapeutics of obesity and associated metabolic diseases. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) prevents indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Food Res Int 2018; 119:751-760. [PMID: 30884712 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs is the most common cause of gastric ulcer disease, one of the major gastrointestinal disorders affecting people worldwide. Persea americana Mill. (avocado) seed is a by-product generally discarded as waste, but can be used to treat gastric disorder due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of avocado seeds (SEAP) extracts against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. It was found that SEAP were effective in mitigating oxidative stress through a decrease on the oxidized products levels (reduction of 90% in lipid peroxidation in plasma) and increasing superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) activity (4.25-fold increase compared to the indomethacin group), also preventing the rise in ulcer and lesions areas (92% of protection) and histological changes induced by indomethacin. Chemical analysis using mass spectrometry by (-)-ESI-FT-ICR MS revealed the presence of (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin, confirmed by HPLC-DAD, and other important phenolic compounds in avocado seeds, such as caffeoylquinic acid, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and tannins, substances that promote inhibition of pathways involved in gastric ulcer formation. Thus, avocado seeds extract may be a suitable natural source for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcer.
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Elsaed WM, Alahmadi AM, Al-Ahmadi BT, Taha JA, Tarabishi RM. Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of fluvoxamine on stress-induced peptic ulcer in rats. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2018; 13:422-431. [PMID: 31555068 PMCID: PMC6708076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Stress-induced peptic ulcer disease (SPUD) refers to erosions in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract that are caused by stress. Some antidepressants are reported to have antioxidant and antiulcer effects. However, histopathological and biochemical evaluation of the anti-ulcer activity of a comparable antidepressant, fluvoxamine, has not been adequately investigated. This study aims to determine the anti-ulcer efficacy of fluvoxamine in reducing stress-induced histopathological and biochemical changes in the gastric mucosa. Methods Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each: the control groups, the SPUD group, and the fluvoxamine-pre-treated group, which received fluvoxamine for eight days before stress exposure. The cold-restraint stress method was used to induce stomach ulcers in the SPUD and fluvoxamine groups. Afterward, the stomachs of rats were removed, opened, and ulcer indices were calculated. Light microscopy was performed following haematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid Schiff's, Masson's trichrome staining, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining. Gastric tissue levels of oxidative stress markers were measured and compared among groups. Results The stomachs of the fluvoxamine-treated rats showed a significantly lower number of ulcers with minimal mucosal injury compared with those of rats from the SPUD group. The oxidative stress marker levels and SPUD ulcer indices were significantly different among groups. Conclusion Fluvoxamine pre-treatment exerted a gastroprotective effect against ulcer development and promoted healing of the developed lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Elsaed
- Anatomy & Embryology Department, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA.,Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Jumana A Taha
- College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA
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