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Moussa J, Nassour E, Tahan E, El Chaar M, Jisr T, Tokajian S. Carbapenem resistance determinants and their transmissibility among clinically isolated Enterobacterales in Lebanon. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1947-1953. [PMID: 37871361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections has increased significantly over the years with Gram-negative bacteria exhibiting the broadest resistance range. In this study we aimed to investigate the genomic characteristics of clinical carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). METHODS Seventeen representative multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates from a hospital setting showing high level of resistance to carbapenems (ertapenem, meropenem and imipenem) were chosen for further characterization through whole-genome sequencing. Resistance mechanisms and transferability of plasmids carrying carbapenemase-encoding genes were also determined in silico and through conjugative mating assays. RESULTS We detected 18 different β-lactamases, including four carbapenemases (blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7, blaOXA-48) on plasmids with different Inc groups. The combined results from PBRT and in silico replicon typing revealed 20 different replicons linked to plasmids ranging in size between 80 and 200 kb. The most prevalent Inc groups were IncFIB(K) and IncM. OXA-48, detected on 76-kb IncM1 conjugable plasmid, was the most common carbapenemase. We also detected other conjugative plasmids with different carbapenemases confirming the role of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. CONCLUSION Our findings verified the continuing spread of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales and revealed the types of mobile elements circulating in a hospital setting and contributing to the spread of resistance determinants. The occurrence and transmission of plasmids carrying carbapenemase-encoding genes call for strengthening active surveillance and prevention efforts to control antimicrobial resistance dissemination in healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Moussa
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
| | - Elie Nassour
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
| | - Elio Tahan
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
| | - Mira El Chaar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tamima Jisr
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Makassed General Hospital, Lebanon
| | - Sima Tokajian
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon.
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Bastidas-Caldes C, Cisneros-Vásquez E, Zambrano A, Mosquera-Maza A, Calero-Cáceres W, Rey J, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto M, Calvopiña M, de Waard JH. Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and mcr-1 Genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050856. [PMID: 37237759 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have addressed drug resistance of Enterobacterales in rural communities in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the coexistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying the mcr-1 gene in rural communities in Ecuador from healthy humans and their backyard animals. Sixty-two strains, thirty E. coli and thirty-two K. pneumoniae strains carrying the mcr-1 gene were selected from a previous study. PCR were performed for the presence of ESBLs and carbapenemase genes. The strains were further characterized, and the genetic relationship was studied with multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes. Fifty-nine of the sixty-two mcr-1 isolates (95%) harbored at least on β-lactam resistance gene. The most prevalent ESBL genes were the blaTEM genes (present in in 80% of the E. coli strains) and the blaSHV gene (present in 84% of the K. pneumoniae strains). MSLT analysis revealed 28 different sequence types (ST); 15 for E. coli and 12 for K. pneumoniae, with most ST never described in humans and animals. The coexistence of mcr-1 and β-lactams resistant genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains is alarming and threatens the efficacy of last-resort antibiotics. Our findings highlight backyard animals as a reservoir of mcr-1/β-lactams resistant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bastidas-Caldes
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
| | - Emily Cisneros-Vásquez
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
| | - Antonella Zambrano
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
| | | | - William Calero-Cáceres
- UTA RAM One Health, Department of Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato 180103, Ecuador
| | - Joaquín Rey
- Unidad de Patología Infecciosa y Epidemiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Yoshimasa Yamamoto
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yamamoto
- Health Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Manuel Calvopiña
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
| | - Jacobus H de Waard
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
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Polyphenols as Inhibitors of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria-Mechanisms Underlying Rutin Interference with Bacterial Virulence. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030385. [PMID: 35337182 PMCID: PMC8952364 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms urges novel antimicrobials development with polyphenols as appealing potential therapeutics. We aimed to reveal the most promising polyphenols among hesperetin, hesperidin, naringenin, naringin, taxifolin, rutin, isoquercitrin, morin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and gallic acid based on antimicrobial capacity, antibiofilm potential, and lack of cytotoxicity towards HaCaT, and to further test its antivirulence mechanisms. Although the majority of studied polyphenols were able to inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation, the most promising activities were observed for rutin. Further investigation proved rutin’s ability to prevent/eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA urinary catheter biofilms. Besides reduction of biofilm biomass, rutin antibiofilm mechanisms included reduction of cell viability, exopolysaccharide, and extracellular DNA levels. Moderate reduction of bacterial adhesion to human keratinocytes upon treatment was observed. Rutin antivirulence mechanisms included an impact on P. aeruginosa protease, pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, and elastase production and the downregulation of the lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA and mvfR genes. Rutin also interfered with membrane permeability. Polyphenols could repress antibiotic resistant bacteria. Rutin has shown wide antimicrobial and antibiofilm capacity employing a range of mechanisms that might be used for the development of novel antimicrobials.
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Yu Y, Cui CY, Kuang X, Chen C, Wang MG, Liao XP, Sun J, Liu YH. Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:716393. [PMID: 34497596 PMCID: PMC8419466 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.716393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline are critically important antibiotics in clinics. After the global appearance of blaNDM and mcr mediating the resistance to carbapenems and colistin, respectively, tigecycline becomes the last-resort drug against severe human infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Recently, a mobile tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) has been identified in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii that causes high resistance to tigecycline and other tetracyclines. In this study, the prevalence of tet(X4) in E. coli isolates from duck and goose farms in Southeast China was identified and characterized. Methods Feces, soil, sewage, and dust samples were collected from duck and goose farms along with the southeast coast provinces of China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction screening were performed to investigate the phenotype and genotype of tigecycline resistance. Conjugation, S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole-genome sequencing were used to determine the transferability, genetic location, and the genomic characteristics of tet(X4). Results In total, 1,716 samples were collected, and 16 isolates (0.9%) recovered from Guangdong, Shandong, and Jiangsu were positive for tet(X4) gene with tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥16 mg/L. Notably, among these tet(X4)-positive E. coil isolates, seven of them were from the environment samples (soil and sewage). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that ST3997 was the most prevalent sequence type (eight isolates, 50%) in Jiangsu province. By conjugation assays, 11 isolates were able to transfer tet(X4) plasmid to E. coli C600 recipient, and these plasmids belonged to IncHI1 and IncX1 detected by sequence analysis. tet(X4) was found adjacent to an insertion sequence ISCR2 downstream and a catD gene upstream for all isolates. In addition, multiple-drug resistance to tigecycline, chlortetracycline, ampicillin, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fosfomycin was profiled in most of the tet(X4)-positive isolates. Conclusion The identification of tet(X4) harboring E. coli strains in duck farms and their surrounding environment enlarges our knowledge of the variety and prevalence of tigecycline resistance. The prevalence of tet(X4) raises concern for the use of tetracyclines in animal farming, and the tet(X4) gene should be listed as primary gene for resistance surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Yue Cui
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Kuang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min-Ge Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Qamar MU, Lopes BS, Hassan B, Khurshid M, Shafique M, Atif Nisar M, Mohsin M, Nawaz Z, Muzammil S, Aslam B, Ejaz H, Toleman MA. The present danger of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase: a threat to public health. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:1759-1778. [PMID: 33404261 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of antimicrobial-resistant Gram-negative pathogens is a substantial menace to public health sectors, notably in developing countries because of the scarcity of healthcare facilities. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is a potent β-lactam enzyme able to hydrolyze several available antibiotics. NDM was identified from the clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from a Swedish patient in New Delhi, India. This enzyme horizontally passed on to various Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance against a variety of antibiotics which cause treatment crucial. These bacteria increase fatality rates and play an integral role in the economic burden. The efficient management of NDM-producing isolates requires the coordination between each healthcare setting in a region. In this review, we present the prevalence of NDM in children, fatality and the economic burden of resistant bacteria, the clonal spread of NDM harboring bacteria and modern techniques for the detection of NDM producing pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Qamar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bruno S Lopes
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3DR, Scotland, UK
| | - Brekhna Hassan
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafique
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif Nisar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, 5042, Australia
| | - Mashkoor Mohsin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Nawaz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Al Jouf, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark A Toleman
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK
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Klisurić OR, Armaković SJ, Armaković S, Marković S, Todorović TR, Portalone G, Novović K, Lozo J, Filipović NR. Structural, biological and in-silico study of quinoline-based chalcogensemicarbazones. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Madi H, Lukić J, Vasiljević Z, Biočanin M, Kojić M, Jovčić B, Lozo J. Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strains from a Pediatric Tertiary Care Hospital in Serbia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165660. [PMID: 27798695 PMCID: PMC5087882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an environmental bacterium and an opportunistic pathogen usually associated with healthcare-associated infections, which has recently been recognized as a globally multi-drug resistant organism. The aim of this study was genotyping and physiological characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated in a large, tertiary care pediatric hospital in Belgrade, Serbia, hosting the national reference cystic fibrosis (CF) center for pediatric and adult patients. Methods We characterized 42 strains of cystic fibrosis (CF) and 46 strains of non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) origin isolated from 2013 to 2015 in order to investigate their genetic relatedness and phenotypic traits. Genotyping was performed using sequencing of 16S rRNA gene, Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multi locus sequencing typing (MLST) analysis. Sensitivity to five relevant antimicrobial agents was determined, namely trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and tetracycline. Surface characteristics, motility, biofilm formation and adhesion to mucin were tested in all strains. Statistical approach was used to determine correlations between obtained results. Results Most of the isolates were not genetically related. Six new sequence types were determined. Strains were uniformly sensitive to all tested antimicrobial agents. The majority of isolates (89.8%) were able to form biofilm with almost equal representation in both CF and non-CF strains. Swimming motility was observed in all strains, while none of them exhibited swarming motility. Among strains able to adhere to mucin, no differences between CF and non-CF isolates were observed. Conclusions High genetic diversity among isolates implies the absence of clonal spread within the hospital. Positive correlation between motility, biofilm formation and adhesion to mucin was demonstrated. Biofilm formation and motility were more pronounced among non-CF than CF isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowa Madi
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Lukić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Vasiljević
- Institute for Mother and Child Health Care of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marjan Biočanin
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Kojić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Jovčić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
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