1
|
Taheri N, Choi EL, Nguyen VTT, Zhang Y, Huynh NM, Kellogg TA, van Wijnen AJ, Ordog T, Hayashi Y. Inhibition of EZH2 Reduces Aging-Related Decline in Interstitial Cells of Cajal of the Mouse Stomach. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:101376. [PMID: 38969206 PMCID: PMC11359770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Restricted gastric motor functions contribute to aging-associated undernutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty. We previously identified a decline in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC; gastrointestinal pacemaker and neuromodulator cells) and their stem cells (ICC-SC) as a key factor of gastric aging. Altered functionality of the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is central to organismal aging. Here, we investigated the role of EZH2 in the aging-related loss of ICC/ICC-SC. METHODS klotho mice, a model of accelerated aging, were treated with the most clinically advanced EZH2 inhibitor, EPZ6438 (tazemetostat; 160 mg/kg intraperitoneally twice a day for 3 weeks). Gastric ICC were analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. ICC and ICC-SC were quantified by flow cytometry. Gastric slow wave activity was assessed by intracellular electrophysiology. Ezh2 was deactivated in ICC by treating KitcreERT2/+;Ezh2fl/fl mice with tamoxifen. TRP53, a key mediator of aging-related ICC loss, was induced with nutlin 3a in gastric muscle organotypic cultures and an ICC-SC line. RESULTS In klotho mice, EPZ6438 treatment mitigated the decline in the ICC growth factor KIT ligand/stem cell factor and gastric ICC. EPZ6438 also improved gastric slow wave activity and mitigated the reduced food intake and impaired body weight gain characteristic of this strain. Conditional genomic deletion of Ezh2 in Kit-expressing cells also prevented ICC loss. In organotypic cultures and ICC-SC, EZH2 inhibition prevented the aging-like effects of TRP53 stabilization on ICC/ICC-SC. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of EZH2 with EPZ6438 mitigates aging-related ICC/ICC-SC loss and gastric motor dysfunction, improving slow wave activity and food intake in klotho mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Taheri
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Egan L Choi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vy Truong Thuy Nguyen
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nick M Huynh
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Todd A Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Tamas Ordog
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric Neuroscience Program and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamauchi Y, Shimizu E, Duncan HF. Dynamic Alterations in Acetylation and Modulation of Histone Deacetylase Expression Evident in the Dentine-Pulp Complex during Dentinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6569. [PMID: 38928274 PMCID: PMC11203584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation, including histone modification, alters gene expression and controls cell fate. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are identified as important regulators of dental pulp cell (DPC) mineralisation processes. Currently, there is a paucity of information regarding the nature of histone modification and HDAC expression in the dentine-pulp complex during dentinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate post-translational histone modulation and HDAC expression during DPC mineralisation and the expression of Class I/II HDACs during tooth development and in adult teeth. HDAC expression (isoforms -1 to -6) was analysed in mineralising primary rat DPCs using qRT-PCR and Western blot with mass spectrometry being used to analyse post-translational histone modifications. Maxillary molar teeth from postnatal and adult rats were analysed using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HDACs (1-6). HDAC-1, -2, and -4 protein expression increased until days 7 and 11, but decreased at days 14 and 21, while other HDAC expression increased continuously for 21 days. The Class II mineralisation-associated HDAC-4 was strongly expressed in postnatal sample odontoblasts and DPCs, but weakly in adult teeth, while other Class II HDACs (-5, -6) were relatively strongly expressed in postnatal DPCs and adult odontoblasts. Among Class I HDACs, HDAC-1 showed high expression in postnatal teeth, notably in ameloblasts and odontoblasts. HDAC-2 and -3 had extremely low expression in the rat dentine-pulp complex. Significant increases in acetylation were noted during DPC mineralisation processes, while trimethylation H3K9 and H3K27 marks decreased, and the HDAC-inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) enhanced H3K27me3. These results highlight a dynamic alteration in histone acetylation during mineralisation and indicate the relevance of Class II HDAC expression in tooth development and regenerative processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ 07103, USA;
| | - Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Riccardi F, Romano G, Licastro D, Pagani F. Age-dependent regulation of ELP1 exon 20 splicing in Familial Dysautonomia by RNA Polymerase II kinetics and chromatin structure. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298965. [PMID: 38829854 PMCID: PMC11146744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial Dysautonomia (FD) is a rare disease caused by ELP1 exon 20 skipping. Here we clarify the role of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) and chromatin on this splicing event. A slow RNAPII mutant and chromatin-modifying chemicals that reduce the rate of RNAPII elongation induce exon skipping whereas chemicals that create a more relaxed chromatin exon inclusion. In the brain of a mouse transgenic for the human FD-ELP1 we observed on this gene an age-dependent decrease in the RNAPII density profile that was most pronounced on the alternative exon, a robust increase in the repressive marks H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 and a decrease of H3K27Ac, together with a progressive reduction in ELP1 exon 20 inclusion level. In HEK 293T cells, selective drug-induced demethylation of H3K27 increased RNAPII elongation on ELP1 and SMN2, promoted the inclusion of the corresponding alternative exons, and, by RNA-sequencing analysis, induced changes in several alternative splicing events. These data suggest a co-transcriptional model of splicing regulation in which age-dependent changes in H3K27me3/Ac modify the rate of RNAPII elongation and affect processing of ELP1 alternative exon 20.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Riccardi
- Human Molecular Genetics, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Romano
- Human Molecular Genetics, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
| | - Danilo Licastro
- Laboratorio di Genomica ed Epigenomica, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franco Pagani
- Human Molecular Genetics, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jonischkies K, del Angel M, Demiray YE, Loaiza Zambrano A, Stork O. The NDR family of kinases: essential regulators of aging. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1371086. [PMID: 38803357 PMCID: PMC11129689 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1371086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is defined as a progressive decline of cognitive and physiological functions over lifetime. Since the definition of the nine hallmarks of aging in 2013 by López-Otin, numerous studies have attempted to identify the main regulators and contributors in the aging process. One interesting group of proteins whose participation has been implicated in several aging hallmarks are the nuclear DBF2-related (NDR) family of serine-threonine AGC kinases. They are one of the core components of the Hippo signaling pathway and include NDR1, NDR2, LATS1 and LATS2 in mammals, along with its highly conserved metazoan orthologs; Trc in Drosophila melanogaster, SAX-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans, CBK1, DBF20 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and orb6 in Saccharomyces pombe. These kinases have been independently linked to the regulation of widely diverse cellular processes disrupted during aging such as the cell cycle progression, transcription, intercellular communication, nutrient homeostasis, autophagy, apoptosis, and stem cell differentiation. However, a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the post-translational modifications of and by NDR kinases in aging has not been conducted. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the NDR family of kinases, focusing on their relevance to various aging hallmarks, and emphasize the growing body of evidence that suggests NDR kinases are essential regulators of aging across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jonischkies
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miguel del Angel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yunus Emre Demiray
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Allison Loaiza Zambrano
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stork
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ribarski-Chorev I, Schudy G, Strauss C, Schlesinger S. Short heat shock has a long-term effect on mesenchymal stem cells' transcriptome. iScience 2023; 26:107305. [PMID: 37529103 PMCID: PMC10387575 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of heat stress (HS) on physiological systems are well documented, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms behind it remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the impact of HS on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), focusing on their morphology, phenotype, proliferative capacity, and fate determination. Our in-depth analysis of the MSCs' transcriptome revealed a significant influence of HS on the transcriptional landscape. Notably, even after a short period of stress, we observed a persistent alteration in cell identity, potentially mediated by the activation of bivalent genes. Furthermore, by comparing the differentially expressed genes following short HS with their transcriptional state after recovery, we identified the transient upregulation of MLL and other histone modifiers, providing a potential mechanistic explanation for the stable activation of bivalent genes. This could be used to predict and modify the long-term effect of HS on cell identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Ribarski-Chorev
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gisele Schudy
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Carmit Strauss
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sharon Schlesinger
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
[Coactivator p300-induced H3K27 acetylation mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediator synthesis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:321-329. [PMID: 35426794 PMCID: PMC9010983 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.03.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of acetylated modification induced by coactivator p300 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced inflammatory mediator synthesis and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse Gene Expression V2 microarray chip and Western blotting were used to screen the molecules whose expression levels in mouse macrophages (RAW246.7) were correlated with the stimulation intensity of LPS. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (chip-qPCR) were used to verify the binding of the molecules to the promoters of IL-6 and TNF-α genes. The effects of transfection of RAW246.7 cells with overexpression or interfering plasmids on IL-6 and TNF-α synthesis were evaluated with ELISA, and the binding level of the target molecules and acetylation level of H3K27 in the promoter region of IL-6 and TNF-α genes were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing technique (chip-seq). RESULTS Gene microarray chip data and Western blotting both confirmed a strong correlation of p300 expression with the stimulation intensity of LPS. Immunocoprecipitation confirmed the binding between p300 and c-myb. The results of EMSA demonstrated that c-myb (P < 0.05), but not p300, could directly bind to the promoter region of IL-6 and TNF-α genes; p300 could bind to the promoters only in the presence of c-myb (P < 0.05). The expressions of p65, p300 and c-myb did not show interactions. Both p300 overexpression and LPS stimulation could increase the level of promoter-binding p300 and H3K27 acetylation level, thus promoting p65 binding and inflammatory gene transcription; such effects were obviously suppressed by interference of c-myb expression (P < 0.05). Interference of p65 resulted in inhibition of p65 binding to the promoters and gene transcription (P < 0.05) without affecting p300 binding or H3K27 acetylation level. CONCLUSION LPS can stimulate the synthesis of p300, whose binding to the promoter region of inflammatory genes via c-myb facilitates the cohesion of p65 by inducing H3K27 acetylation, thus promoting the expression of the inflammatory genes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jang S, Hwang J, Jeong HS. The Role of Histone Acetylation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Chonnam Med J 2022; 58:6-12. [PMID: 35169553 PMCID: PMC8813658 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2022.58.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism and action concerning epigenetic modifications, especially that of histone modifications, are not fully understood. However, it is clear that histone modifications play an essential role in several biological processes that are involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. In this article, we focused on how histone acetylation may result in differentiation into mesenchymal stem cells as well as histone acetylation function. Moreover, histone acetylation followed by the action of histone deacetylase inhibitors, which can result in the differentiation of stem cells into other types of cells such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes, neurons, and other lineages, were also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Jang
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jinsu Hwang
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Han-Seong Jeong
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Trejo-Iriarte CG, Ortega MA, Asúnsolo Á, Gómez-Clavel JF, Muñoz AG, Mon MÁ, Buján J, Acero J, García-Honduvilla N. Mesenchymal adipose stem cells maintain the capacity for differentiation and survival in culture beyond the long term. J Histotechnol 2021; 44:217-233. [PMID: 34412574 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2021.1953248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells (MSCs) are considered to be cellular populations of common embryological origin. For clinical research applications, MSCs are expanded and increased with cells obtained from a primary culture. By extracting cells from tissue and encouraging them to reproduce, the stem cell population ends up dominating the culture due to a high proliferation rate and self-renewal. The first subcultures between the third and sixth are chosen in order to obtain the maximum number of cells with optimal differentiation capacity. However, few studies have reported long-term cultivation of MSCs. The objective of this study was to advance the knowledge on the characteristics of MSCs by assessing their capacity for self-renewal and phenotypic maintenance beyond 50 cell subcultures, which is defined as the normal limit for cellular survival. Rat subcutaneous adipose tissue was the source of mesenchymal adipose stem cells (MASCs) cultured over 175 subcultures. Early 1 to 5 and late 25 to 30 subcultures were used to induce cellular differentiation to become adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic connective tissue cells. MASCs characteristics were studied using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunohistochemical and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays. The MASCs maintained cell differentiation capacity for more than 30 subcultures but lost potentiality starting at 60 up to 175 subcultures. MASCs showed the embryonic phenotypes OCT3/4 and Nanog indefinitely, and developed compensatory mechanisms, such as autophagy, to achieve cell survival over a long time period. Therefore, long-term subcultures showed that MASCs could maintain their potential for clinical research use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia G Trejo-Iriarte
- Research Group in Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Almaraz Dentistry Research Laboratory, Dentist Surgeon Studies, Iztacala Higher Studies School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - José F Gómez-Clavel
- Laboratory of Research in Education and Dentistry; Dentist Surgeon Studies, School of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García Muñoz
- Research Group in Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Almaraz Dentistry Research Laboratory, Dentist Surgeon Studies, Iztacala Higher Studies School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Melchor Álvarez- Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, CIBEREHD, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Acero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Castellano-Castillo D, Ramos-Molina B, Cardona F, Queipo-Ortuño MI. Epigenetic regulation of white adipose tissue in the onset of obesity and metabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13054. [PMID: 32542987 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are among the most prevalent health problems in developed countries. The impairment of adipose tissue (AT) function is partially responsible for the aetiology of these conditions. Epigenetics refers to several processes that add modifications to either the DNA or chromatin architectural proteins (histones). These processes can regulate gene expression, chromatin compaction and DNA repair. Epigenetics includes mechanisms by which the cell can adapt the cellular response to the environmental conditions. Here, we review the role of epigenetics in the onset of obesity and related metabolic disorders, with special focus on AT. We highlight the importance of nutrients and lifestyle in the regulation of the epigenetic mechanisms and how they can impact on AT plasticity and function in obesity and metabolic diseases. Thus, the epigenetic landscape emerges as a fine-tune regulator of the cellular responses according to the energetic, metabolic and physiological conditions of the cell. Alterations in metabolic pathways deregulated during obesity and metabolic syndrome could in part explain the disturbances in the epigenetic marks of the AT in these disorders. The understanding of how this epigenetic deregulation may affect AT biology and function could lead to new therapeutic approaches based on epigenetic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Medica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-CIMES-UMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dahiya R, Mohammad T, Alajmi MF, Rehman MT, Hasan GM, Hussain A, Hassan MI. Insights into the Conserved Regulatory Mechanisms of Human and Yeast Aging. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E882. [PMID: 32526825 PMCID: PMC7355435 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging represents a significant biological process having strong associations with cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, which leads to progressive loss of cellular functions and viability. Astonishingly, age-related disorders share several genetic and molecular mechanisms with the normal aging process. Over the last three decades, budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has emerged as a powerful yet simple model organism for aging research. Genetic approaches using yeast RLS have led to the identification of hundreds of genes impacting lifespan in higher eukaryotes. Numerous interventions to extend yeast lifespan showed an analogous outcome in multi-cellular eukaryotes like fruit flies, nematodes, rodents, and humans. We collected and analyzed a multitude of observations from published literature and provide the contribution of yeast in the understanding of aging hallmarks most applicable to humans. Here, we discuss key pathways and molecular mechanisms that underpin the evolutionarily conserved aging process and summarize the current understanding and clinical applicability of its trajectories. Gathering critical information on aging biology would pave the way for future investigation targeted at the discovery of aging interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Dahiya
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.T.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Md. Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.T.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (M.T.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren J, Huang D, Li R, Wang W, Zhou C. Control of mesenchymal stem cell biology by histone modifications. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:11. [PMID: 32025282 PMCID: PMC6996187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-0378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered the most promising seed cells for regenerative medicine because of their considerable therapeutic properties and accessibility. Fine-tuning of cell biological processes, including differentiation and senescence, is essential for achievement of the expected regenerative efficacy. Researchers have recently made great advances in understanding the spatiotemporal gene expression dynamics that occur during osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and the intrinsic and environmental factors that affect these processes. In this context, histone modifications have been intensively studied in recent years and have already been indicated to play significant and universal roles in MSC fate determination and differentiation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries regarding the effects of histone modifications on MSC biology. Moreover, we also provide our insights and perspectives for future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhan Ren
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Delan Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Runze Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Weicai Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, 510055 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Concise Review: The Regulatory Mechanism of Lysine Acetylation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7618506. [PMID: 32399051 PMCID: PMC7204305 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7618506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the use of MSCs has attracted considerable attention in the global science and technology field, with the self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential for diabetes, obesity treatment, bone repair, nerve repair, myocardial repair, and so on. Epigenetics plays an important role in the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, which has become a research hotspot in the medical field. This review focuses on the role of lysine acetylation modification on the determination of MSC differentiation direction. During this progress, the recruitment of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs) is the crux of transcriptional mechanisms in the dynamic regulation of key genes controlling MSC multidirectional differentiation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zentelytė A, Gasiūnienė M, Treigytė G, Baronaitė S, Savickienė J, Borutinskaitė V, Navakauskienė R. Epigenetic regulation of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the mesodermal lineages at normal and fetus-diseased gestation. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1811-1822. [PMID: 31633234 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) demonstrate the potency for self-renewal and multidifferentiation, and can, therefore, be a potential alternative source of stem cells adapted for therapeutic purposes. The object of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of MSCs from AF when the pregnancy is normal or when the fetus is affected during pregnancy to differentiate into mesodermal lineage tissues and to elucidate epigenetic states responsible for terminal adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. The morphology of AF-MSCs from two cell sources and the expression of the cell surface-specific (CD44, CD90, and CD105) markers and pluripotency (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex1) genes were quite similar and underwent mesodermal lineage differentiation because this is shown by the typical cell morphology and of genes' expression specific for adipogenic (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ɣ, adiponectin) and osteoblastic (alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) differentiation. Terminal lineage-specific differentiation was related to differential expression of miR-17, miR-21, miR-34a, and miR-146a, decreased levels of acetylated H4 and H3K9, trimethylated H3K4 and H3K9, and the retention of H3K27me3 along with a reduction in the levels of HDAC1, DNMT1, and PRC1/2 proteins (BMI1/SUZ12). No significant distinction could be identified in the levels of expression of all epigenetic or pluripotency markers between undifferentiated MSCs isolated from AF of normal gestation and pregnancy where the fetus was damaged and between those differentiated toward adipocytes or osteoblasts. The expressional changes of those marks and microRNAs that occurred during terminal differentiation to mesodermal tissues indicate subtle epigenetic regulation in AF-MSCs when the condition of the fetus is healthy normal or diseased. More detailed studies of epigenetic mechanisms may offer a better understanding of AF-MSCs differentiation in fetus-diseased conditions and their usage in an autologous therapeutic application and prenatal disease research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aistė Zentelytė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Monika Gasiūnienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gražina Treigytė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Baronaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jūratė Savickienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Borutinskaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vera-Pérez B, Arribas MI, Vicente-Salar N, Reig JA, Roche E. DNA methylation profile of different clones of human adipose stem cells does not allow to predict their differentiation potential. J Histotechnol 2019; 42:183-192. [PMID: 31476985 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2019.1655962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Human adipose stem cells can differentiate into various mesodermic lineages, including adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic and endothelial pathways. In addition, these cells types possess immunomodulatory properties, potentially useful for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. However, single-cell expanded clones have shown that the cells can present a variety of differentiation potential, which may be partly due to epigenetic differences among them. The objective of this study was to assess if DNA methylation plays a role in the differentiation potential observed between different cell clones obtained from the same donor. To this end, the methylation profile of five clonal cell lines of human adipose stem cells obtained by liposuction from two donors was analyzed. Previous reports demonstrated that cell lines 1.7 and 1.22 from Donor 1 and 3.5 from Donor 3 were adipogenic-osteogenic, but not cell lines 1.10 and 3.10. The genes analyzed were neuronal, endothelial, myogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, extracellular matrix, cell cycle, cytoskeleton and metabolic enzymes. All clones analyzed in this study displayed a similar pattern of methylation in most of the gene families: 85.5% were hypomethylated genes and 14.5% hypermethylated. In conclusion, the methylation pattern of the 1113 genes studied in this report was not a consistent tool to identify the differentiation potential of human adipose stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Vera-Pérez
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - María I Arribas
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Nestor Vicente-Salar
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Juan A Reig
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche (Alicante), Spain.,CIBERobn (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, University Miguel Hernandez, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mohammad K, Dakik P, Medkour Y, Mitrofanova D, Titorenko VI. Quiescence Entry, Maintenance, and Exit in Adult Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092158. [PMID: 31052375 PMCID: PMC6539837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes can respond to certain environmental cues by arresting the cell cycle and entering a reversible state of quiescence. Quiescent cells do not divide, but can re-enter the cell cycle and resume proliferation if exposed to some signals from the environment. Quiescent cells in mammals and humans include adult stem cells. These cells exhibit improved stress resistance and enhanced survival ability. In response to certain extrinsic signals, adult stem cells can self-renew by dividing asymmetrically. Such asymmetric divisions not only allow the maintenance of a population of quiescent cells, but also yield daughter progenitor cells. A multistep process of the controlled proliferation of these progenitor cells leads to the formation of one or more types of fully differentiated cells. An age-related decline in the ability of adult stem cells to balance quiescence maintenance and regulated proliferation has been implicated in many aging-associated diseases. In this review, we describe many traits shared by different types of quiescent adult stem cells. We discuss how these traits contribute to the quiescence, self-renewal, and proliferation of adult stem cells. We examine the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that allow establishing and sustaining the characteristic traits of adult stem cells, thereby regulating quiescence entry, maintenance, and exit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karamat Mohammad
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Paméla Dakik
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Younes Medkour
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Darya Mitrofanova
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Vladimir I Titorenko
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA and histone modifications, are pivotal for normal brain development and functions by modulating spatial and temporal gene expression. Dysregulation of the epigenetic machinery can serve as a causal role in numerous brain disorders. Proper mammalian brain development and functions depend on the precise expression of neuronal-specific genes, transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Antagonistic polycomb and trithorax proteins form multimeric complexes and play important roles in these processes by epigenetically controlling gene repression or activation through various molecular mechanisms. Aberrant expression or disruption of either protein group can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. This review focus on the current progress of Polycomb and Trithorax complexes in brain development and disease, and provides a future outlook of the field.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Epigenetics can be explored at different levels and can be divided into two major areas: epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA and epigenetics of mitochondrial-encoded DNA. In epigenetics of nuclear-encoded DNA, the main roles are played by DNA methylation, changes in histone structure and several types of non-coding RNAs. Mitochondrial epigenetics seems to be similar in the aspect of DNA methylation and to some extent in the role of non-coding RNAs but differs significantly in changes in components coiling DNA. Nuclear DNA is coiled around histones, but mitochondrial DNA, together with associated proteins, is located in mitochondrial pseudocompartments called nucleoids. It has been shown that mitochondrial epigenetic mechanisms influence cell fate, transcription regulation, cell division, cell cycle, physiological homeostasis, bioenergetics and even pathologies, but not all of these mechanisms have been explored in stem cells. The main issue is that most of these mechanisms have only recently been discovered in mitochondria, while improvements in methodology, especially next-generation sequencing, have enabled in-depth studies. Because studies exploring mitochondria from other aspects show that mitochondria are crucial for the normal behavior of stem cells, it is suggested that precise mitochondrial epigenetics in stem cells should be studied more intensively.
Collapse
|
18
|
García-López S, Albo-Castellanos C, Urdinguio RG, Cañón S, Sánchez-Cabo F, Martínez-Serrano A, Fraga MF, Bernad A. Deregulation of the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 locus ncRNAs is associated with replicative senescence of human adipose-derived stem cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206534. [PMID: 30395586 PMCID: PMC6218046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adult adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have become the most promising cell source for regenerative medicine. However the prolonged ex vivo expansion periods required to obtain the necessary therapeutic dose promotes progressive senescence, with the concomitant reduction of their therapeutic potential. Aim and scope A better understanding of the determinants of hADSC senescence is needed to improve biosafety while preserving therapeutic efficiency. Here, we investigated the association between deregulation of the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 region and replicative senescence in hADSC cultures. Methods We compared hADSC cultures at short (PS) and prolonged (PL) passages, both in standard and low [O2] (21 and 3%, respectively), in relation to replicative senescence. hADSCs were evaluated for expression alterations in the DLK1-DIO3 region on chromosome 14q32, and particularly in its main miRNA cluster. Results Comparison of hADSCs cultured at PL or PS surprisingly showed a quite significant fraction (69%) of upregulated miRNAs in PL cultures mapping to the imprinted 14q32 locus, the largest miRNA cluster described in the genome. In agreement, expression of the lncRNA MEG3 (Maternally Expressed 3; Meg3/Gtl2), cultured at 21 and 3% [O2], was also significantly higher in PL than in PS passages. During hADSC replicative senescence the AcK16H4 activating mark was found to be significantly associated with the deregulation of the entire DLK1-DIO3 locus, with a secondary regulatory role for the methylation of DMR regions. Conclusion A direct relationship between DLK1-DIO3 deregulation and replicative senescence of hADSCs is reported, involving upregulation of a very significant fraction of its largest miRNA cluster (14q32.31), paralleled by the progressive overexpression of the lncRNA MEG3, which plays a central role in the regulation of Dlk1/Dio3 activation status in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia García-López
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Albo-Castellanos
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio G. Urdinguio
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitaria Central de Asturias (HUCA) and Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo (UO), Asturias, Spain
| | - Susana Cañón
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Martínez-Serrano
- Molecular Biology Department (UAM) and Molecular Neuropathology Department, Center of Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario F. Fraga
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitaria Central de Asturias (HUCA) and Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Universidad de Oviedo (UO), Asturias, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dhaliwal A, Pelka S, Gray DS, Moghe PV. Engineering Lineage Potency and Plasticity of Stem Cells using Epigenetic Molecules. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16289. [PMID: 30389989 PMCID: PMC6215020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are considered as a multipotent regenerative source for diseased and dysfunctional tissues. Despite the promise of stem cells, the inherent capacity of stem cells to convert to tissue-specific lineages can present a major challenge to the use of stem cells for regenerative medicine. We hypothesized that epigenetic regulating molecules can modulate the stem cell’s developmental program, and thus potentially overcome the limited lineage differentiation that human stem cells exhibit based on the source and processing of stem cells. In this study, we screened a library of 84 small molecule pharmacological agents indicated in nucleosomal modification and identified a sub-set of specific molecules that influenced osteogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) while maintaining cell viability in-vitro. Pre-treatment with five candidate hits, Gemcitabine, Decitabine, I-CBP112, Chidamide, and SIRT1/2 inhibitor IV, maximally enhanced osteogenesis in-vitro. In contrast, five distinct molecules, 4-Iodo-SAHA, Scriptaid, AGK2, CI-amidine and Delphidine Chloride maximally inhibited osteogenesis. We then tested the role of these molecules on hMSCs derived from aged human donors and report that small epigenetic molecules, namely Gemcitabine and Chidamide, can significantly promote osteogenic differentiation by 5.9- and 2.3-fold, respectively. Taken together, this study demonstrates new applications of identified small molecule drugs for sensitively regulating the lineage plasticity fates of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells through modulating the epigenetic profile of the cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anandika Dhaliwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Sandra Pelka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - David S Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Prabhas V Moghe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States. .,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Q, Wang X, Lai D, Deng J, Hou Z, Liang H, Liu D. BIX-01294 promotes the differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes and neural cells in Arbas Cashmere goats. Res Vet Sci 2018; 119:9-18. [PMID: 29783122 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Defang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Zhuang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhan Y, He Z, Liu X, Miao N, Lin F, Xu W, Mu S, Mu H, Yuan M, Cao X, Jin H, Liu Z, Li Y, Zhang B. Aspirin-induced attenuation of adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is accompanied by the disturbed epigenetic modification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 98:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
22
|
Castellano-Castillo D, Denechaud PD, Moreno-Indias I, Tinahones F, Fajas L, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Cardona F. Chromatin immunoprecipitation improvements for the processing of small frozen pieces of adipose tissue. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192314. [PMID: 29444131 PMCID: PMC5812632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) has gained importance to identify links between the genome and the proteome. Adipose tissue has emerged as an active tissue, which secretes a wide range of molecules that have been related to metabolic and obesity-related disorders, such as diabetes, cardiovascular failure, metabolic syndrome, or cancer. In turn, epigenetics has raised the importance in discerning the possible relationship between metabolic disorders, lifestyle and environment. However, ChIP application in human adipose tissue is limited by several factors, such as sample size, frozen sample availability, high lipid content and cellular composition of the tissue. Here, we optimize the standard protocol of ChIP for small pieces of frozen human adipose tissue. In addition, we test ChIP for the histone mark H3K4m3, which is related to active promoters, and validate the performance of the ChIP by analyzing gene promoters for factors usually studied in adipose tissue using qPCR. Our improvements result in a higher performance in chromatin shearing and DNA recovery of adipocytes from the tissue, which may be useful for ChIP-qPCR or ChIP-seq analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierre-Damien Denechaud
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR 1048, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
García-Prat L, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Aging, metabolism and stem cells: Spotlight on muscle stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 445:109-117. [PMID: 27531569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
All tissues and organs undergo a progressive regenerative decline as they age. This decline has been mainly attributed to loss of stem cell number and/or function, and both stem cell-intrinsic changes and alterations in local niches and/or systemic environment over time are known to contribute to the stem cell aging phenotype. Advancing in the molecular understanding of the deterioration of stem cell cells with aging is key for targeting the specific causes of tissue regenerative dysfunction at advanced stages of life. Here, we revise exciting recent findings on why stem cells age and the consequences on tissue regeneration, with a special focus on regeneration of skeletal muscle. We also highlight newly identified common molecular pathways affecting diverse types of aging stem cells, such as altered proteostasis, metabolism, or senescence entry, and discuss the questions raised by these findings. Finally, we comment on emerging stem cell rejuvenation strategies, principally emanating from studies on muscle stem cells, which will surely burst tissue regeneration research for future benefit of the increasing human aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Prat
- Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra; University (UPF) y CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra; University (UPF) y CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hyaluronic acid facilitates chondrogenesis and matrix deposition of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells and human chondrocytes co-cultures. Acta Biomater 2017; 52:130-144. [PMID: 28131943 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Clinical success on cartilage regeneration could be achieved by using available biomaterials and cell-based approaches. In this study, we have developed a composite gel based on collagen/hyaluronic acid (Coll-HA) as ideal, physiologically representative 3D support for in vitro chondrogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) co-cultured with human articular chondrocytes (hAC). The incorporation of hyaluronic acid (HA) attempted to provide an additional stimulus to the hAMSCs for chondrogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition. Coll-HA gels were fabricated by directly mixing different amounts of HA (0-5%) into collagen solution before gelation. hACs and hAMSCs were co-cultured at different ratios from 100% to 0% in steps of 25%. Thus, five different co-culture groups were tested in the various Coll-HA 3D matrices. HA greatly impacted the cell viability and proliferation as well as the mechanical properties of the Coll-HA gel. The effective Young's modulus changed from 5.8 to 9.0kPa with increasing concentrations of HA in the gel. In addition, significantly higher amounts of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) were detected that seemed to be dependent on HA content. The highest HA concentration used (5%) resulted in the lowest Collagen type X (Col10) expression for most of the cell culture groups. Unexpectedly, culturing in these gels was also associated with decreased SOX9 and Collagen type II (Col2) expression, while Collagen type III (Col3) and metalloproteinase 13 notably increased. By using 1% HA, a positive effect on SOX9 expression was observed in the co-culture groups. In addition, a significant increase in GAGs production was also detected. Regarding co-culturing, the group with 25% hAMSCs+75% hACs was the most chondrogenic one considering SOX9 and Col2 expression as well as GAGs production. This group showed negligible Col10 expression after 35days of culture independently of the gel used. It also featured the highest effective Young's modulus (9.9kPa) when cultivated in the 1% HA matrix. Concerning the level of dissolved oxygen in situ, the groups with a higher amount of hAMSCs showed lower oxygen levels (40-58% O2) compared to hACs (63-74% O2). This might be attributed to the higher cellular metabolism and proliferation rate of the hAMSCs. Interestingly, lower oxygen was detected in the HA-containing gels when compared to plain collagen. This may contribute to the better chondrogenesis observed in these groups. Altogether, our results indicated that HA may favor chondrogenesis, but its effect highly depends on the concentration used. Additionally, co-culture of hACs with hAMSCs also favors chondrogenesis and especially increases extracellular matrix production and decreases hypertrophy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In the clinical situation, large cartilage defects can be treated with MACT. However, this is a two-stage procedure, which increases the risk for the patient. Moreover, culturing chondrocytes leads to dedifferentiation. The matrix used for MACT is a collagen-based scaffold. In this study, it was demonstrated that hyaluronic acid, a natural component of the extracellular matrix, supplementation to a collagen hydrogel stimulates chondrogenic differentiation in a dose dependent manner. 1% HA showed the best overall results. Furthermore, exchanging 25% of human articular chondrocytes with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells didn't change the chondrogenic potential, but reduced going in unwanted pathways and improved biomechanical properties. This could translate to a one-step procedure and shows the potential of inducing differentiation by natural biomaterials.
Collapse
|
25
|
Dynamic changes of epigenetic signatures during chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:719-731. [PMID: 28273634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies have been performed to clarify the processes during which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into their lineage fates. In vitro differentiation of MSCs into distinct lineages have attracted the focus of a large number of clinical investigations. Although the gene expression profiling during differentiation of MSC toward bone, cartilage, and adipocytes is well established, the master regulators by which MSC fate can be controlled are not entirely determined. During differentiation of MSCs into a special cell fate, epigenetic mechanisms considered as the primary mediators that suppress the irrelevant genes and activate the genes required for a specific cell lineage. This review dedicated to addressing the changes of various epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and micro-RNAs during chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSC.
Collapse
|
26
|
Fan X, Zhu L, Wang K, Wang B, Wu Y, Xie W, Huang C, Chan BP, Du Y. Stiffness-Controlled Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Cell Harvesting with Sustained Mechanical Memory. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28105774 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Most mechanobiological investigations focused on in situ mechanical regulation of cells on stiffness-controlled substrates with few downstream applications, as it is still challenging to harvest and expand mechanically primed cells by enzymatic digestion (e.g., trypsin) without interrupting cellular mechanical memory between passages. This study develops thermoresponsive hydrogels with controllable stiffness to generate mechanically primed cells with intact mechanical memory for augmented wound healing. No significant cellular property alteration of the fibroblasts primed on thermoresponsive hydrogels with varied stiffness has been observed through thermoresponsive harvesting. When reseeding the harvested cells for further evaluation, softer hydrogels are proven to better sustain the mechanical priming effects compared to rigid tissue culture plate, which indicates that both the stiffness-controlled substrate and thermoresponsive harvesting are required to sustain cellular mechanical memory between passages. Moreover, epigenetics analysis reveals that thermoresponsive harvesting could reduce the rearrangement and loss of chromatin proteins compared to that of trypsinization. In vivo wound healing using mechanically primed fibroblasts shows featured epithelium and sebaceous glands, which indicates augmented skin recovery compared with trypsinized fibroblasts. Thus, the thermoresponsive hydrogel-based cell harvesting system offers a powerful tool to investigate mechanobiology between cell passages and produces abundant cells with tailored mechanical priming properties for cell-based applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- Joint Center for Life Sciences; Tsinghua University-Peking University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- Institute of Medical Equipment; Academy of Military Medical Sciences; Tianjin 300161 China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- School of Life Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yaozu Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Wei Xie
- Joint Center for Life Sciences; Tsinghua University-Peking University; Beijing 100084 China
- School of Life Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chengyu Huang
- Department of Plastic; Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery; Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital; Tsinghua University; Beijing 102218 China
| | - Barbara Pui Chan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory; Department of Mechanical Engineering; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; School of Medicine; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hamidouche Z, Rother K, Przybilla J, Krinner A, Clay D, Hopp L, Fabian C, Stolzing A, Binder H, Charbord P, Galle J. Bistable Epigenetic States Explain Age-Dependent Decline in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Heterogeneity. Stem Cells 2016; 35:694-704. [PMID: 27734598 PMCID: PMC5347872 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms by which heterogeneity, a major characteristic of stem cells, is achieved are yet unclear. We here study the expression of the membrane stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) clones. We show that subpopulations with varying Sca-1 expression profiles regenerate the Sca-1 profile of the mother population within a few days. However, after extensive replication in vitro, the expression profiles shift to lower values and the regeneration time increases. Study of the promoter of Ly6a unravels that the expression level of Sca-1 is related to the promoter occupancy by the activating histone mark H3K4me3. We demonstrate that these findings can be consistently explained by a computational model that considers positive feedback between promoter H3K4me3 modification and gene transcription. This feedback implicates bistable epigenetic states which the cells occupy with an age-dependent frequency due to persistent histone (de-)modification. Our results provide evidence that MSC heterogeneity, and presumably that of other stem cells, is associated with bistable epigenetic states and suggest that MSCs are subject to permanent state fluctuations. Stem Cells 2017;35:694-704.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahia Hamidouche
- INSERM U972, University Paris 11, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Biology, Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-ouzou, Algeria
| | - Karen Rother
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Przybilla
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel Krinner
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denis Clay
- INSERM U972, University Paris 11, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Lydia Hopp
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claire Fabian
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stolzing
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Binder
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pierre Charbord
- INSERM U972, University Paris 11, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.,IBPS Laboratory of Developmental Biology, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Joerg Galle
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Senescence-Associated Molecular and Epigenetic Alterations in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultures from Amniotic Fluid of Normal and Fetus-Affected Pregnancy. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2019498. [PMID: 27803714 PMCID: PMC5075644 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2019498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic-fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) are interesting for their multilineage differentiation potential and wide range of therapeutic applications due to the ease of culture expansion. However, MSCs undergo replicative senescence. So far, the molecular mechanisms that underlie fetal diseases and cell senescence are still poorly understood. Here, we analyzed senescence-associated morphologic, molecular, and epigenetic characteristics during propagation of MSCs derived from AF of normal and fetus-affected pregnancy. AF-MSCs cultures from both cell sources displayed quite similar morphology and expression of specific cell surface (CD44, CD90, and CD105) and stemness (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex1) markers but had interindividual variability in proliferation capability and time to reach senescence. Within passages 4 and 8, senescent cultures exhibited typical morphological features, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, increased levels of p16, and decreased levels of miR-17 and miR-21 but showed differential expression of p21, p53, and ATM dependently on the onset of cell senescence. These differences correlated with changes in the level of chromatin modifiers (DNMT1 and HDAC1) and polycomb group proteins (EZH2, SUZ12, and BMI1) paralleling with changes in the expression of repressive histone marks (H3K9me3 and H3K27me3) and stemness markers (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex1). Therefore epigenetic factors are important for AF-MSCs senescence process that may be related with individuality of donor or a fetus malignancy status.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sonkar R, Powell CA, Choudhury M. Benzyl butyl phthalate induces epigenetic stress to enhance adipogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 431:109-22. [PMID: 27164441 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors, phthalates, may have contributed to recent global obesity health crisis. Our study investigated the potential of benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) to regulate the mesenchymal stem cell epigenome to drive adipogenesis. BBP exposure enhanced lipid accumulation and adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner compared to control (P < 0.001). Adipogenesis markers, PPARγ (P < 0.001), C/EBPα (P < 0.01), and aP2 (P < 0.001) were significantly upregulated by increasing concentrations of BBP when compared to DMSO. BBP enhanced H3K9 acetylation while decreasing H3K9 dimethylation. Fifty μM BBP increased histone acetyltransferases, p300 (P < 0.05) and GCN5 (P < 0.01) gene expression. Furthermore, histone deacetylases (HDACs), HDAC3 (P < 0.01) and HDAC10 (P < 0.01, 10 μM BBP; P < 0.001, 50 μM BBP) and histone methyltransferases, SETDB1 (P < 0.01) and G9a (P < 0.01), were significantly downregulated by BBP exposure. BBP acts, in part, through PPARγ, as PPARγ knockdown led to decreased H3K9ac and rescued H3K9me2 during BBP exposure. In conclusion, BBP regulated MSCs towards adipogenesis by tipping the epigenomic balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, MS131, 1010 West Ave B, COP 309, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA.
| | - Catherine A Powell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, MS131, 1010 West Ave B, COP 309, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA.
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, MS131, 1010 West Ave B, COP 309, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Nazempour A, Van Wie BJ. Chondrocytes, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Their Combination in Articular Cartilage Regenerative Medicine. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:1325-54. [PMID: 26987846 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC) is a highly organized connective tissue lining, covering the ends of bones within articulating joints. Its highly ordered structure is essential for stable motion and provides a frictionless surface easing load transfer. AC is vulnerable to lesions and, because it is aneural and avascular, it has limited self-repair potential which often leads to osteoarthritis. To date, no fully successful treatment for osteoarthritis has been reported. Thus, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is desperately needed. Autologous chondrocyte implantation, the only cell-based surgical intervention approved in the United States for treating cartilage defects, has limitations because of de-differentiation of articular chondrocytes (AChs) upon in vitro expansion. De-differentiation can be abated if initial populations of AChs are co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which not only undergo chondrogenesis themselves but also support chondrocyte vitality. In this review we summarize studies utilizing AChs, non-AChs, and MSCs and compare associated outcomes. Moreover, a comprehensive set of recent human studies using chondrocytes to direct MSC differentiation, MSCs to support chondrocyte re-differentiation and proliferation in co-culture environments, and exploratory animal intra- and inter-species studies are systematically reviewed and discussed in an innovative manner allowing side-by-side comparisons of protocols and outcomes. Finally, a comprehensive set of recommendations are made for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Nazempour
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA
| | - B J Van Wie
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Uzbas F, May ID, Parisi AM, Thompson SK, Kaya A, Perkins AD, Memili E. Molecular physiognomies and applications of adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 11:298-308. [PMID: 25504377 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASC) are multipotent with abilities to differentiate into multiple lineages including connective tissue and neural cells. Despite unlimited opportunity and needs for human and veterinary regenerative medicine, applications of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells are at present very limited. Furthermore, the fundamental biological factors regulating stemness in ASC and their stable differentiation into other tissue cells are not fully understood. The objective of this review was to provide an update on the current knowledge of the nature and isolation, molecular and epigenetic determinants of the potency, and applications of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells, as well as challenges and future directions. The first quarter of the review focuses on the nature of ASC, namely their definition, origin, isolation and sorting methods and multilineage differentiation potential, often with a comparison to mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow. Due to the indisputable role of epigenetic regulation on cell identities, epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and microRNAs) are described broadly in stem cells but with a focus on ASC. The final sections provide insights into the current and potential applications of ASC in human and veterinary regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Uzbas
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Stem Cell Research, Neuherberg, München, 85764, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pizzute T, Lynch K, Pei M. Impact of tissue-specific stem cells on lineage-specific differentiation: a focus on the musculoskeletal system. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 11:119-32. [PMID: 25113801 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-specific stem cells are found throughout the body and, with proper intervention and environmental cues, these stem cells exercise their capabilities for differentiation into several lineages to form cartilage, bone, muscle, and adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, it has been widely demonstrated that they do not differentiate with the same efficacy during lineage-specific differentiation studies, as the tissue-specific stem cells are generally more effective when differentiating toward the tissues from which they were derived. This review focuses on four mesodermal lineages for tissue-specific stem cell differentiation: adipogenesis, chondrogenesis, myogenesis, and osteogenesis. It is intended to give insight into current multilineage differentiation and comparative research, highlight and contrast known trends regarding differentiation, and introduce supporting evidence which demonstrates particular tissue-specific stem cells' superiority in lineage-specific differentiation, along with their resident tissue origins and natural roles. In addition, some epigenetic and transcriptomic differences between stem cells which may explain the observed trends are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Pizzute
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, One Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Stem cell decline is an important cellular driver of aging-associated pathophysiology in multiple tissues. Epigenetic regulation is central to establishing and maintaining stem cell function, and emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic dysregulation contributes to the altered potential of stem cells during aging. Unlike terminally differentiated cells, the impact of epigenetic dysregulation in stem cells is propagated beyond self; alterations can be heritably transmitted to differentiated progeny, in addition to being perpetuated and amplified within the stem cell pool through self-renewal divisions. This Review focuses on recent studies examining epigenetic regulation of tissue-specific stem cells in homeostasis, aging, and aging-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Beerman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02116, USA
| | - Derrick J Rossi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02116, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lynch PJ, Thompson EE, McGinnis K, Rovira Gonzalez YI, Lo Surdo J, Bauer SR, Hursh DA. Chromatin Changes at thePPAR-γ2Promoter During Bone Marrow-Derived Multipotent Stromal Cell Culture Correlate With Loss of Gene Activation Potential. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2169-81. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Lynch
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Elaine E. Thompson
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Kathleen McGinnis
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Yazmin I. Rovira Gonzalez
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Jessica Lo Surdo
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Steven R. Bauer
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Deborah A. Hursh
- Cellular and Tissue Therapies Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration; Bethesda Maryland USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vega SL, Dhaliwal A, Arvind V, Patel PJ, Beijer NRM, de Boer J, Murthy NS, Kohn J, Moghe PV. Organizational metrics of interchromatin speckle factor domains: integrative classifier for stem cell adhesion & lineage signaling. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:435-46. [PMID: 25765854 PMCID: PMC4390534 DOI: 10.1039/c4ib00281d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell fates on biomaterials are influenced by the complex confluence of microenvironmental cues emanating from soluble growth factors, cell-to-cell contacts, and biomaterial properties. Cell-microenvironment interactions influence the cell fate by initiating a series of outside-in signaling events that traverse from the focal adhesions to the nucleus via the cytoskeleton and modulate the sub-nuclear protein organization and gene expression. Here, we report a novel imaging-based framework that highlights the spatial organization of sub-nuclear proteins, specifically the splicing factor SC-35 in the nucleoplasm, as an integrative marker to distinguish between minute differences of stem cell lineage pathways in response to stimulatory soluble factors, surface topologies, and microscale topographies. This framework involves the high resolution image acquisition of SC-35 domains and imaging-based feature extraction to obtain quantitative nuclear metrics in tandem with machine learning approaches to generate a predictive cell state classification model. The acquired SC-35 metrics led to >90% correct classification of emergent human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) phenotypes in populations of hMSCs exposed for merely 3 days to basal, adipogenic, or osteogenic soluble cues, as well as varying levels of dexamethasone-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. Early osteogenic cellular responses across a series of surface patterns, fibrous scaffolds, and micropillars were also detected and classified using this imaging-based methodology. Complex cell states resulting from inhibition of RhoGTPase, β-catenin, and FAK could be classified with >90% sensitivity on the basis of differences in the SC-35 organizational metrics. This indicates that SC-35 organization is sensitively impacted by adhesion-related signaling molecules that regulate osteogenic differentiation. Our results show that diverse microenvironment cues affect different attributes of the SC-35 organizational metrics and lead to distinct emergent organizational patterns. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that the early organization of SC-35 domains could serve as a "fingerprint" of the intracellular mechanotransductive signaling that governs growth factor- and topography-responsive stem cell states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián L. Vega
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway New Jersey
| | - Anandika Dhaliwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway New Jersey
| | - Varun Arvind
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway New Jersey
| | - Parth J. Patel
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark New Jersey
| | - Nick R. M. Beijer
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- cBITE Lab, Merln Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N. Sanjeeva Murthy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Prabhas V. Moghe
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway New Jersey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bigot N, Guérillon C, Loisel S, Bertheuil N, Sensebé L, Tarte K, Pedeux R. ING1b negatively regulates HIF1α protein levels in adipose-derived stromal cells by a SUMOylation-dependent mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1612. [PMID: 25611387 PMCID: PMC4669774 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic niches help maintain mesenchymal stromal cell properties, and their amplification under hypoxia sustains their immature state. However, how MSCs maintain their genomic integrity in this context remains elusive, since hypoxia may prevent proper DNA repair by downregulating expression of BRCA1 and RAD51. Here, we find that the ING1b tumor suppressor accumulates in adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) upon genotoxic stress, owing to SUMOylation on K193 that is mediated by the E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase protein inhibitor of activated STAT protein γ (PIAS4). We demonstrate that ING1b finely regulates the hypoxic response by triggering HIF1α proteasomal degradation. On the contrary, when mutated on its SUMOylation site, ING1b failed to efficiently decrease HIF1α levels. Consistently, we observed that the adipocyte differentiation, generally described to be downregulated by hypoxia, was highly dependent on ING1b expression, during the early days of this process. Accordingly, contrary to what was observed with HIF1α, the absence of ING1b impeded the adipogenic induction under hypoxic conditions. These data indicate that ING1b contributes to adipogenic induction in adipose-derived stromal cells, and thus hinders the phenotype maintenance of ADSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Bigot
- 1] INSERM U917, Microenvironnement et Cancer, Rennes, France [2] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [3] Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - C Guérillon
- 1] INSERM U917, Microenvironnement et Cancer, Rennes, France [2] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [3] Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - S Loisel
- 1] INSERM U917, Microenvironnement et Cancer, Rennes, France [2] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [3] Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - N Bertheuil
- 1] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [2] Service ITeCH, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - L Sensebé
- 1] Etablissement Français du Sang Pyrénées Méditerranée [2] Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France [3] UMR5273-INSERM U1031, Toulouse, France
| | - K Tarte
- 1] INSERM U917, Microenvironnement et Cancer, Rennes, France [2] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [3] Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France [4] Service ITeCH, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - R Pedeux
- 1] INSERM U917, Microenvironnement et Cancer, Rennes, France [2] Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France [3] Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abouhamzeh B, Salehi M, Hosseini A, Masteri-Farahani AR, Fadai F, Heidari MH, Nourozian M, Soleimani M, Khorashadizadeh M, Mossahebi-Mohammadi M, Mansouri A. DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation Patterns in Cultured Bovine Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (BADSCs). CELL JOURNAL 2015; 16:466-75. [PMID: 25685737 PMCID: PMC4297485 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2015.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have focused on the epigenetic characteristics of donor cells to improve somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). We hypothesized that the epigenetic status and chromatin structure of undifferentiated bovine adipose tissue-derived stem cells (BADSCs) would not remain constant during different passages. The objective of this study was to determine the mRNA expression patterns of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b) and histone deacetyltransferses (HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3) in BADSCs. In addition, we compared the measured levels of octamer binding protein-4 expression (OCT4) and acetylation of H3K9 (H3K9ac) in BADSCs cultures and different passages in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, subcutaneous fat was obtained from adult cows immediately post-mortem. Relative level of DNMTs and HDACs was examined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), and the level of OCT4 and H3K9ac was analyzed by flow cytometry at passages 3 (P3), 5 (P5) and 7 (P7). RESULTS The OCT4 protein level was similar at P3 and P5 but a significant decrease in its level was seen at P7. The highest and lowest levels of H3K9ac were observed at P5 and P7, respectively. At P5, the expression of HDACs and DNMTs was significantly decreased. In contrast, a remarkable increase in the expression of DNMTs was observed at P7. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that the epigenetic status of BADSCs was variable during culture. The P5 cells showed the highest level of stemness and multipotency and the lowest level of chromatin compaction. Therefore, we suggest that P5 cells may be more efficient for SCNT compared with other passages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beheshteh Abouhamzeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Masteri-Farahani
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fadai
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Heidari
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nourozian
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khorashadizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ardalan Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lv L, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhang X, Liu J, Chen T, Su P, Li H, Zhou Y. The nanoscale geometry of TiO2 nanotubes influences the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by modulating H3K4 trimethylation. Biomaterials 2015; 39:193-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
40
|
Popov B, Petrov N. pRb-E2F signaling in life of mesenchymal stem cells: Cell cycle, cell fate, and cell differentiation. Genes Dis 2014; 1:174-187. [PMID: 30258863 PMCID: PMC6150080 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into various mesodermal lines forming fat, muscle, bone, and other lineages of connective tissue. MSCs possess plasticity and under special metabolic conditions may transform into cells of unusual phenotypes originating from ecto- and endoderm. After transplantation, MSCs release the humoral factors promoting regeneration of the damaged tissue. During last five years, the numbers of registered clinical trials of MSCs have increased about 10 folds. This gives evidence that MSCs present a new promising resource for cell therapy of the most dangerous diseases. The efficacy of the MSCs therapy is limited by low possibilities to regulate their conversion into cells of damaged tissues that is implemented by the pRb-E2F signaling. The widely accepted viewpoint addresses pRb as ubiquitous regulator of cell cycle and tumor suppressor. However, current publications suggest that basic function of the pRb-E2F signaling in development is to regulate cell fate and differentiation. Through facultative and constitutive chromatin modifications, pRb-E2F signaling promotes transient and stable cells quiescence, cell fate choice to differentiate, to senesce, or to die. Loss of pRb is associated with cancer cell fate. pRb regulates cell fate by retaining quiescence of one cell population in favor of commitment of another or by suppression of genes of different cell phenotype. pRb is the founder member of the "pocket protein" family possessing functional redundancy. Critical increase in the efficacy of the MSCs based cell therapy will depend on precise understanding of various aspects of the pRb-E2F signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Popov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, 4, Tikhoretsky Av., 194064, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hemming S, Cakouros D, Isenmann S, Cooper L, Menicanin D, Zannettino A, Gronthos S. EZH2 and KDM6A act as an epigenetic switch to regulate mesenchymal stem cell lineage specification. Stem Cells 2014; 32:802-15. [PMID: 24123378 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The methyltransferase, Enhancer of Zeste homology 2 (EZH2), trimethylates histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) on chromatin and this repressive mark is removed by lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A). Loss of these epigenetic modifiers results in developmental defects. We demonstrate that Ezh2 and Kdm6a transcript levels change during differentiation of multipotential human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Enforced expression of Ezh2 in MSC promoted adipogenic in vitro and inhibited osteogenic differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo, whereas Kdm6a inhibited adipogenesis in vitro and promoted osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of EZH2 activity and knockdown of Ezh2 gene expression in human MSC resulted in decreased adipogenesis and increased osteogenesis. Conversely, knockdown of Kdm6a gene expression in MSC leads to increased adipogenesis and decreased osteogenesis. Both Ezh2 and Kdm6a were shown to affect expression of master regulatory genes involved in adipogenesis and osteogenesis and H3K27me3 on the promoters of master regulatory genes. These findings demonstrate an important epigenetic switch centered on H3K27me3 which dictates MSC lineage determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hemming
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Forzati F, Federico A, Pallante P, Colamaio M, Esposito F, Sepe R, Gargiulo S, Luciano A, Arra C, Palma G, Bon G, Bucher S, Falcioni R, Brunetti A, Battista S, Fedele M, Fusco A. CBX7 gene expression plays a negative role in adipocyte cell growth and differentiation. Biol Open 2014; 3:871-9. [PMID: 25190058 PMCID: PMC4163664 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20147872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently generated knockout mice for the Cbx7 gene, coding for a polycomb group protein that is downregulated in human malignant neoplasias. These mice develop liver and lung adenomas and carcinomas, which confirms a tumour suppressor role for CBX7. The CBX7 ability to downregulate CCNE1 expression likely accounts for the phenotype of the Cbx7-null mice. Unexpectedly, Cbx7-knockout mice had a higher fat tissue mass than wild-type, suggesting a role of CBX7 in adipogenesis. Consistently, we demonstrate that Cbx7-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts go towards adipocyte differentiation more efficiently than their wild-type counterparts, and this effect is Cbx7 dose-dependent. Similar results were obtained when Cbx7-null embryonic stem cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes. Conversely, mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human adipose-derived stem cells overexpressing CBX7 show an opposite behaviour. These findings support a negative role of CBX7 in the control of adipocyte cell growth and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Forzati
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Federico
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierlorenzo Pallante
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Colamaio
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Romina Sepe
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Gargiulo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomorfologiche e Funzionali, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy Istituto di Biostrutture e di Bioimmagini del CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Luciano
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Arra
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palma
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Bon
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Laboratorio di Oncogenesi Molecolare, 00158 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Bucher
- Divisione di Chirurgia Plastica e Ricostruttiva, Istituto San Gallicano, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Falcioni
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale, Laboratorio di Oncogenesi Molecolare, 00158 Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomorfologiche e Funzionali, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Fusco
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hou XF, Fan DW, Sun CG, Chen ZQ. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced ossification of the ligamentum flavum in rats and the associated global modification of histone H3. J Neurosurg Spine 2014; 21:334-41. [PMID: 24949905 DOI: 10.3171/2014.4.spine13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The primary object of this investigation was to study recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)-induced ossification of the ligamentum flavum and associated histone H3 modification in a rat model. In an additional set of studies the authors investigated spinal cord and behavioral changes in the same model. METHODS The authors report on 2 separate sets of studies. A total of 90 rats were used for the 2 sets of studies (45 each); in each study, a lyophilized rhBMP-2 and collagen mixture (20 μg rhBMP-2 and 200 μl collagen) was implanted in the lumbar extradural space in 18 rats; another 18 animals were used for a sham-operation control group and underwent implantation of lyophilized collagen without rhBMP-2 at the same level; an additional 9 animals were used as untreated controls. Lumbar spinal samples were harvested from the rhBMP-2 groups and the shamoperation control groups at 1 week, 3 weeks, and 9 weeks after the operation. Samples were also obtained from untreated controls at the same time points. All samples were scanned using micro-CT and then made into paraffinembedded sections. The sections from the first set of 45 rats were stained using elastica van Gieson and toluidine blue, and the expression of histone modifications (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, H3K4me3, and H3K36me3) and osteogenic transcription factors (osterix, Runx2) was detected by immunohistochemistry. In the second set of studies, hindlimb motor function was assessed at 1 week, 3 weeks, and 9 weeks after surgery. After behavioral evaluation, samples were harvested, scanned using micro-CT, and then made into paraffin-embedded sections. The sections were stained using Luxol fast blue. The expression of NeuN was also detected using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Ossification was seen in the rhBMP-2 group from 1 week after insertion, and the volume of ossified mass increased at 3 and 9 weeks. There was no ossification seen in the sham-surgery and normal controls. The pathological changes of ossification involved ligament degeneration, cartilage formation, and, finally, bone replacement. Spinal cord evaluation showed a significant decrease in white matter content and number of neurons at 9 weeks after operation in the rhBMP-2-treated group (compared with findings in the sham-surgery and control groups as well as findings at the earlier time points in the rhBMP-2 group). Using immunohistochemical staining, histone modifications (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, H3K4me3, and H3K36me3) and osteogenic transcription factors (osterix, Runx2) all were found to be expressed in the fibrocartilage area of the rat ossified ligamentum flavum samples (rhBMP2 group). CONCLUSIONS This rhBMP-2-induced OLF is a typical endochondral ossification, which is similar to clinical OLF. The compressed spinal cord around the ossification site showed signs of a chronic degenerative process. Histone H3 modifications (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, H3K4me3, and H3K36me3) may play an important role in OLF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pasini A, Bonafè F, Govoni M, Guarnieri C, Morselli PG, Sharma HS, Caldarera CM, Muscari C, Giordano E. Epigenetic signature of early cardiac regulatory genes in native human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:255-62. [PMID: 23625166 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9610-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are stromal mesenchymal stem cells isolated from lipoaspirates, and they display a broad potential to differentiate toward different lineages. The role of epigenetics in regulating the expression of their lineage-specific genes is under evaluation, however till date virtually nothing is known about the relative significance of cardiac-specific transcription factor genes in human ADSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate DNA promoter methylation and relevant histone modifications involving MEF-2C, GATA-4, and Nkx2.5 in native human ADSCs. CpG sites at the transcription start in their promoters were found unmethylated using methylation-specific PCR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed low levels of total acetylated H3 histone (acH3) and high levels of trimethylated lysine 27 in H3 histone (H3K27me3) which were associated with both GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 promoters, indicating their transcriptional repressive chromatin arrangement. On the other hand, the opposite was apparent for MEF-2C promoter. Accordingly, MEF-2C-but not GATA-4 and Nkx2.5-transcripts were evidenced in native human ADSCs. These results suggest that the chromatin arrangement of these early cardiac regulatory genes could be explored as a level of intervention to address the differentiation of human ADSCs toward the cardiac lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pasini
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Engineering "S. Cavalcanti", University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena, via Venezia, 52, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
McCauley BS, Dang W. Histone methylation and aging: lessons learned from model systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:1454-62. [PMID: 24859460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging induces myriad cellular and, ultimately, physiological changes that cause a decline in an organism's functional capabilities. Although the aging process and the pathways that regulate it have been extensively studied, only in the last decade have we begun to appreciate that dynamic histone methylation may contribute to this process. In this review, we discuss recent work implicating histone methylation in aging. Loss of certain histone methyltransferases and demethylases changes lifespan in invertebrates, and alterations in histone methylation in aged organisms regulate lifespan and aging phenotypes, including oxidative stress-induced hormesis in yeast, insulin signaling in Caenorhabiditis elegans and mammals, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype in mammals. In all cases where histone methylation has been shown to impact aging and aging phenotypes, it does so by regulating transcription, suggesting that this is a major mechanism of its action in this context. Histone methylation additionally regulates or is regulated by other cellular pathways that contribute to or combat aging. Given the numerous processes that regulate aging and histone methylation, and are in turn regulated by them, the role of histone methylation in aging is almost certainly underappreciated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenna S McCauley
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Weiwei Dang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Huszar JM, Payne CJ. MIR146A inhibits JMJD3 expression and osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:1850-6. [PMID: 24726732 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is important for cell differentiation. Histone methyltransferase EZH2 and histone demethylase JMJD3 (KDM6B) modulate levels of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). Interplay between the two modulators influence lineage specification in stem cells. Here, we identified microRNA MIR146A to be a negative regulator of JMJD3. In the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), we observed an upregulation of JMJD3 and a downregulation of MIR146A. Blocking JMJD3 activity in differentiating hMSCs reduced transcript levels of osteogenic gene RUNX2. H3K27me3 levels decreased at the RUNX2 promoter during cell differentiation. Modulation of MIR146A levels in hMSCs altered JMJD3 and RUNX2 expression and affected osteogenic differentiation. We conclude that JMJD3 promotes osteogenesis in differentiating hMSCs, with MIR146A regulating JMJD3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Huszar
- Driskill Graduate Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and Human Molecular Genetics Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Christopher J Payne
- Driskill Graduate Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and Human Molecular Genetics Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Honoki K, Tsujiuchi T. Senescence bypass in mesenchymal stem cells: a potential pathogenesis and implications of pro-senescence therapy in sarcomas. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 13:983-96. [PMID: 23984899 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.820010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a mechanism that limits the lifespan of somatic cells as the results of replicative proliferation and response to stresses, and that prevents undesired oncogenic changes constituting a barrier against immortalization and tumorigenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a variety of tissues, and participates in tissue maintenance with their multipotent differentiation ability. MSCs are also considered to be as cells of origin for certain type of sarcomas. We reviewed the mechanisms of cellular senescence in MSCs and hypothesized senescence bypass as the potential pathogenesis for sarcoma development, and proposed the possibility of senescence induction therapy for an alternative treatment strategy against sarcomas, especially cells with the resistance to conventional chemo and radiotherapy including sarcoma stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Han B, Li J, Li Z, Guo L, Wang S, Liu P, Wu Y. Trichostatin A stabilizes the expression of pluripotent genes in human mesenchymal stem cells during ex vivo expansion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81781. [PMID: 24312356 PMCID: PMC3842316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered as ideal cells for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, aging and spontaneous differentiation of MSCs during culture expansion dampen their effectiveness. Previous studies suggest that exvivo aging of MSCs is largely caused by epigenetic changes particularly a decline of histone H3 acetylation levels in promoter regions of pluripotent genes due to inappropriate growth environment. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we examined whether histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) could suppress the histone H3 deacetylation thus maintaining the primitive property of MSCs. We found that in regular adherent culture, human MSCs became flatter and larger upon successive passaging, while the expression of pluripotent genes such as Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Rex-1, CD133 and TERT decreased markedly. Administration of low concentrations of TSA in culture significantly suppressed the morphological changes in MSCs otherwise occurred during culture expansion, increased their proliferation while retaining their cell contact growth inhibition property and multipotent differentiation ability. Moreover, TSA stabilized the expression of the above pluripotent genes and histone H3 acetylation levels in K9 and K14 in promoter regions of Oct4, Sox2 and TERT. Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that TSA may serve as an effective culture additive to maintain the primitive feature of MSCs during culture expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhilong Li
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Guo
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Wang
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peishu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Eadon MT, Wheeler HE, Stark AL, Zhang X, Moen EL, Delaney SM, Im HK, Cunningham PN, Zhang W, Dolan ME. Genetic and epigenetic variants contributing to clofarabine cytotoxicity. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:4007-20. [PMID: 23720496 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
2-chloro-2-fluoro-deoxy-9-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (Clofarabine), a purine nucleoside analog, is used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and as induction therapy for stem cell transplantation. The discovery of pharmacogenomic markers associated with chemotherapeutic efficacy and toxicity would greatly benefit the utility of this drug. Our objective was to identify genetic and epigenetic variants associated with clofarabine toxicity using an unbiased, whole genome approach. To this end, we employed International HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines (190 LCLs) of European (CEU) or African (YRI) ancestry with known genetic information to evaluate cellular sensitivity to clofarabine. We measured modified cytosine levels to ascertain the contribution of genetic and epigenetic factors influencing clofarabine-mediated cytotoxicity. Association studies revealed 182 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 143 modified cytosines associated with cytotoxicity in both populations at the threshold P ≤ 0.0001. Correlation between cytotoxicity and baseline gene expression revealed 234 genes at P ≤ 3.98 × 10(-6). Six genes were implicated as: (i) their expression was directly correlated to cytotoxicity, (ii) they had a targeting SNP associated with cytotoxicity, and (iii) they had local modified cytosines associated with gene expression and cytotoxicity. We identified a set of three SNPs and three CpG sites targeting these six genes explaining 43.1% of the observed variation in phenotype. siRNA knockdown of the top three genes (SETBP1, BAG3, KLHL6) in LCLs revealed altered susceptibility to clofarabine, confirming relevance. As clofarabine's toxicity profile includes acute kidney injury, we examined the effect of siRNA knockdown in HEK293 cells. siSETBP1 led to a significant change in HEK293 cell susceptibility to clofarabine.
Collapse
|
50
|
Gopinathan G, Kolokythas A, Luan X, Diekwisch TGH. Epigenetic marks define the lineage and differentiation potential of two distinct neural crest-derived intermediate odontogenic progenitor populations. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1763-78. [PMID: 23379639 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone modifications, play an active role in the differentiation and lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells. In the present study, epigenetic states and differentiation profiles of two odontogenic neural crest-derived intermediate progenitor populations were compared: dental pulp (DP) and dental follicle (DF). ChIP on chip assays revealed substantial H3K27me3-mediated repression of odontoblast lineage genes DSPP and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) in DF cells, but not in DP cells. Mineralization inductive conditions caused steep increases of mineralization and patterning gene expression levels in DP cells when compared to DF cells. In contrast, mineralization induction resulted in a highly dynamic histone modification response in DF cells, while there was only a subdued effect in DP cells. Both DF and DP progenitors featured H3K4me3-active marks on the promoters of early mineralization genes RUNX2, MSX2, and DLX5, while OSX, IBSP, and BGLAP promoters were enriched for H3K9me3 or H3K27me3. Compared to DF cells, DP cells expressed higher levels of three pluripotency-associated genes, OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2. Finally, gene ontology comparison of bivalent marks unique for DP and DF cells highlighted cell-cell attachment genes in DP cells and neurogenesis genes in DF cells. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the DF intermediate odontogenic neural crest lineage is distinguished from its DP counterpart by epigenetic repression of DSPP and DMP1 genes and through dynamic histone enrichment responses to mineralization induction. Findings presented here highlight the crucial role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in the terminal differentiation of odontogenic neural crest lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Gopinathan
- UIC Brodie Laboratory for Craniofacial Genetics, UIC College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|