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The Influence of Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine on the Development of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Ventral Midbrain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065668. [PMID: 36982742 PMCID: PMC10056332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine, a highly addictive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, is used worldwide as an anorexiant and attention enhancer. Methamphetamine use during pregnancy, even at therapeutic doses, may harm fetal development. Here, we examined whether exposure to methamphetamine affects the morphogenesis and diversity of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons (VMDNs). The effects of methamphetamine on morphogenesis, viability, the release of mediator chemicals (such as ATP), and the expression of genes involved in neurogenesis were evaluated using VMDNs isolated from the embryos of timed-mated mice on embryonic day 12.5. We demonstrated that methamphetamine (10 µM; equivalent to its therapeutic dose) did not affect the viability and morphogenesis of VMDNs, but it reduced the ATP release negligibly. It significantly downregulated Lmx1a, En1, Pitx3, Th, Chl1, Dat, and Drd1 but did not affect Nurr1 or Bdnf expression. Our results illustrate that methamphetamine could impair VMDN differentiation by altering the expression of important neurogenesis-related genes. Overall, this study suggests that methamphetamine use may impair VMDNs in the fetus if taken during pregnancy. Therefore, it is essential to exercise strict caution for its use in expectant mothers.
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Alkailani MI, Aittaleb M, Tissir F. WNT signaling at the intersection between neurogenesis and brain tumorigenesis. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1017568. [PMID: 36267699 PMCID: PMC9577257 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1017568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis and tumorigenesis share signaling molecules/pathways involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and death. Self-renewal of neural stem cells is a tightly regulated process that secures the accuracy of cell division and eliminates cells that undergo mitotic errors. Abnormalities in the molecular mechanisms controlling this process can trigger aneuploidy and genome instability, leading to neoplastic transformation. Mutations that affect cell adhesion, polarity, or migration enhance the invasive potential and favor the progression of tumors. Here, we review recent evidence of the WNT pathway’s involvement in both neurogenesis and tumorigenesis and discuss the experimental progress on therapeutic opportunities targeting components of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa I. Alkailani
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Aittaleb
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fadel Tissir
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Fadel Tissir,
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3
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Alsanie WF, Abdelrahman S, Alhomrani M, Gaber A, Habeeballah H, Alkhatabi HA, Felimban RI, Hauser CAE, Tayeb HH, Alamri AS, Raafat BM, Anwar S, Alswat KA, Althobaiti YS, Asiri YA. Prenatal Exposure to Gabapentin Alters the Development of Ventral Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:923113. [PMID: 35942222 PMCID: PMC9356305 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gabapentin is widely prescribed as an off-label drug for the treatment of various diseases, including drug and alcohol addiction. Approximately 83–95% of the usage of gabapentin is off-label, accounting for more than 90% of its sales in the market, which indicates an alarming situation of drug abuse. Such misuse of gabapentin has serious negative consequences. The safety of the use of gabapentin in pregnant women has always been a serious issue, as gabapentin can cross placental barriers. The impact of gabapentin on brain development in the fetus is not sufficiently investigated, which poses difficulties in clinical decisions regarding prescriptions.Methods: The consequences effect of prenatal gabapentin exposure on the development of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons were investigated using three-dimensional neuronal cell cultures. Time-mated Swiss mice were used to isolate embryos. The ventral third of the midbrain was removed and used to enrich the dopaminergic population in 3D cell cultures that were subsequently exposed to gabapentin. The effects of gabapentin on the viability, ATP release, morphogenesis and genes expression of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons were investigated.Results: Gabapentin treatment at the therapeutic level interfered with the neurogenesis and morphogenesis of vmDA neurons in the fetal brain by causing changes in morphology and alterations in the expression of key developmental genes, such as Nurr1, Chl1, En1, Bdnf, Drd2, and Pitx3. The TH + total neurite length and dominant neurite length were significantly altered. We also found that gabapentin could halt the metabolic state of these neuronal cells by blocking the generation of ATP.Conclusion: Our findings clearly indicate that gabapentin hampers the morphogenesis and development of dopaminergic neurons. This implies that the use of gabapentin could lead to serious complications in child-bearing women. Therefore, caution must be exercised in clinical decisions regarding the prescription of gabapentin in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa F. Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Walaa F. Alsanie,
| | - Sherin Abdelrahman
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Habeeballah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A. Alkhatabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Centre, Hematology Research Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed I. Felimban
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), 3D Bioprinting Unit, King Abdulaziz University (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Charlotte A. E. Hauser
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam H. Tayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), Nanomedicine Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem M. Raafat
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A. Alswat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yusuf S. Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif A. Asiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Peek SL, Bosch PJ, Bahl E, Iverson BJ, Parida M, Bais P, Manak JR, Michaelson JJ, Burgess RW, Weiner JA. p53-mediated neurodegeneration in the absence of the nuclear protein Akirin2. iScience 2022; 25:103814. [PMID: 35198879 PMCID: PMC8844820 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper gene regulation is critical for both neuronal development and maintenance as the brain matures. We previously demonstrated that Akirin2, an essential nuclear protein that interacts with transcription factors and chromatin remodeling complexes, is required for the embryonic formation of the cerebral cortex. Here we show that Akirin2 plays a mechanistically distinct role in maintaining healthy neurons during cortical maturation. Restricting Akirin2 loss to excitatory cortical neurons resulted in progressive neurodegeneration via necroptosis and severe cortical atrophy with age. Comparing transcriptomes from Akirin2-null postnatal neurons and cortical progenitors revealed that targets of the tumor suppressor p53, a regulator of both proliferation and cell death encoded by Trp53, were consistently upregulated. Reduction of Trp53 rescued neurodegeneration in Akirin2-null neurons. These data: (1) implicate Akirin2 as a critical neuronal maintenance protein, (2) identify p53 pathways as mediators of Akirin2 functions, and (3) suggest Akirin2 dysfunction may be relevant to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Peek
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Peter J. Bosch
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ethan Bahl
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brianna J. Iverson
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mrutyunjaya Parida
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Roy J. Carver Center for Genomics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Preeti Bais
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - J. Robert Manak
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Roy J. Carver Center for Genomics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jacob J. Michaelson
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Joshua A. Weiner
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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5
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Westphal M, Panza P, Kastenhuber E, Wehrle J, Driever W. Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes neurogenesis in the diencephalospinal dopaminergic system of embryonic zebrafish. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1030. [PMID: 35046434 PMCID: PMC8770493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to patterning, proliferation, and differentiation throughout vertebrate neural development. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is important for mammalian midbrain dopaminergic neurogenesis, while little is known about its role in ventral forebrain dopaminergic development. Here, we focus on the A11-like, Otp-dependent diencephalospinal dopaminergic system in zebrafish. We show that Wnt ligands, receptors and extracellular antagonist genes are expressed in the vicinity of developing Otp-dependent dopaminergic neurons. Using transgenic Wnt/β-catenin-reporters, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity is absent from these dopaminergic neurons, but detected Wnt/β-catenin activity in cells adjacent to the caudal DC5/6 clusters of Otp-dependent dopaminergic neurons. Pharmacological manipulations of Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity, as well as heat-shock driven overexpression of Wnt agonists and antagonists, interfere with the development of DC5/6 dopaminergic neurons, such that Wnt/β-catenin activity positively correlates with their number. Wnt/β-catenin activity promoted dopaminergic development specifically at stages when DC5/6 dopaminergic progenitors are in a proliferative state. Our data suggest that Wnt/β-catenin signaling acts in a spatially and temporally restricted manner on proliferative dopaminergic progenitors in the hypothalamus to positively regulate the size of the dopaminergic neuron groups DC5 and DC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Westphal
- Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute Biology 1, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS and BIOSS-Centres for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Panza
- Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute Biology 1, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Developmental Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstraße 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Edda Kastenhuber
- Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute Biology 1, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Wehrle
- Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute Biology 1, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS and BIOSS-Centres for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Driever
- Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute Biology 1, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,CIBSS and BIOSS-Centres for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 18, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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6
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Global Transcriptional Analyses of the Wnt-Induced Development of Neural Stem Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147473. [PMID: 34299091 PMCID: PMC8308016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to neural stem cells (NSCs) is the key initial event in neurogenesis and is thought to be dependent on the family of Wnt growth factors, their receptors and signaling proteins. The delineation of the transcriptional pathways that mediate Wnt-induced hPSCs to NSCs differentiation is vital for understanding the global genomic mechanisms of the development of NSCs and, potentially, the creation of new protocols in regenerative medicine. To understand the genomic mechanism of Wnt signaling during NSCs development, we treated hPSCs with Wnt activator (CHIR-99021) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in a chemically defined medium (N2B27) to induce NSCs, referred to as CLNSCs. The CLNSCs were subcultured for more than 40 passages in vitro; were positive for AP staining; expressed neural progenitor markers such as NESTIN, PAX6, SOX2, and SOX1; and were able to differentiate into three neural lineage cells: neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in vitro. Our transcriptome analyses revealed that the Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways regulate hPSCs cell fate decisions for neural lineages and maintain the self-renewal of CLNSCs. One interesting network could be the deregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CLNSCs via the downregulation of c-MYC, which may promote exit from pluripotency and neural differentiation. The Wnt-induced spinal markers HOXA1-4, HOXA7, HOXB1-4, and HOXC4 were increased, however, the brain markers FOXG1 and OTX2, were absent in the CLNSCs, indicating that CLNSCs have partial spinal cord properties. Finally, a CLNSC simple culture condition, when applied to hPSCs, supports the generation of NSCs, and provides a new and efficient cell model with which to untangle the mechanisms during neurogenesis.
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7
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Ádám Á, Kemecsei R, Company V, Murcia-Ramón R, Juarez I, Gerecsei LI, Zachar G, Echevarría D, Puelles E, Martínez S, Csillag A. Gestational Exposure to Sodium Valproate Disrupts Fasciculation of the Mesotelencephalic Dopaminergic Tract, With a Selective Reduction of Dopaminergic Output From the Ventral Tegmental Area. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:29. [PMID: 32581730 PMCID: PMC7290005 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is known to cause behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Available data are scarce on the neuromorphological changes in VPA-exposed animals. Here, we focused on alterations of the dopaminergic system, which is implicated in motivation and reward, with relevance to social cohesion. Whole brains from 7-day-old mice born to mothers given a single injection of VPA (400 mg/kg b.wt.) on E13.5 were immunostained against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). They were scanned using the iDISCO method with a laser light-sheet microscope, and the reconstructed images were analyzed in 3D for quantitative morphometry. A marked reduction of mesotelencephalic (MT) axonal fascicles together with a widening of the MT tract were observed in VPA treated mice, while other major brain tracts appeared anatomically intact. We also found a reduction in the abundance of dopaminergic ventral tegmental (VTA) neurons, accompanied by diminished tissue level of DA in ventrobasal telencephalic regions (including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), olfactory tubercle, BST, substantia innominata). Such a reduction of DA was not observed in the non-limbic caudate-putamen. Conversely, the abundance of TH+ cells in the substantia nigra (SN) was increased, presumably due to a compensatory mechanism or to an altered distribution of TH+ neurons occupying the SN and the VTA. The findings suggest that defasciculation of the MT tract and neuronal loss in VTA, followed by diminished dopaminergic input to the ventrobasal telencephalon at a critical time point of embryonic development (E13-E14) may hinder the patterning of certain brain centers underlying decision making and sociability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágota Ádám
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Kemecsei
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Verónica Company
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Raquel Murcia-Ramón
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Iris Juarez
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - László I Gerecsei
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Zachar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diego Echevarría
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eduardo Puelles
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Martínez
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - András Csillag
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Lu G, Zhao W, Rao D, Zhang S, Zhou M, Xu S. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA WNT5A-AS restores the fate of neural stem cells exposed to sevoflurane via inhibiting WNT5A/Ryk-ROS signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109334. [PMID: 31545269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in neurogenesis. LncRNA WNT5A-AS is upregulated in neural stem cells (NSCs), the proliferation of which is inhibited by sevoflurane. Thus, we hypothesized that knocking down of lncRNA WNT5A-AS may restore the fate of NSCs exposed to sevoflurane. To test this hypothesis, NSCs obtained from postnatal Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 2.4% sevoflurane or control gas for 6 h. Bioinformatics analysis, quantitative PCR and RNA interference technology were used to identify the properties of lncRNA WNT5A-AS. Cell proliferation was assessed using counting a Cell Counting Kit-cell 8 assay, a 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and a plate cloning assay. Cell survival was detected by flow cytometry, which was also used to examine the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cell cycle. The levels of WNT5A and receptor tyrosine kinase (Ryk) were measured via Western blotting. LncRNA WNT5A-AS was identified to have low coding potency and to be located on the antisense strand of WNT5A. The level of upregulated lncRNA WNT5A-AS was positively correlated with that of WNT5A in response to sevoflurane exposure. The knockdown of lncRNA WNT5A-AS promoted the proliferation and survival of NSCs, whereas it suppressed the WNT5A/Ryk-ROS signaling and drove cell cycle processes. Taken together, findings strongly suggest that the inhibition of lncRNA WNT5A-AS can rescue the fate of NSCs. In addition, WNT5A/Ryk-ROS signaling might be a downstream target of lncRNA WNT5A-AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children´s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian Province, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Road, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dongdong Rao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children´s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian Province, China
| | - Sujing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children´s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian Province, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children´s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian Province, China
| | - Shiyuan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Road, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong Province, China
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9
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Lan L, Wang W, Huang Y, Bu X, Zhao C. Roles of Wnt7a in embryo development, tissue homeostasis, and human diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18588-18598. [PMID: 31271226 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human Wnt family comprises 19 proteins which are critical to embryo development and tissue homeostasis. Binding to different frizzled (FZD) receptor, Wnt7a initiates both β-catenin dependent pathway, and β-catenin independent pathways such as PI3K/Akt, RAC/JNK, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. In the embryo, Wnt7a plays a crucial role in cerebral cortex development, synapse formation, and central nervous system vasculature formation and maintenance. Wnt7a is also involved in the development of limb and female reproductive system. Wnt7a mutation leads to human limb malformations and animal female reproductive system defects. Wnt7a is implicated in homeostasis maintenance of skeletal muscle, cartilage, cornea and hair follicle, and Wnt7a treatment may be potentially applied in skeletal muscle dystrophy, corneal damage, wound repair, and hair follicle regeneration. Wnt7a plays dual roles in human tumors. Wnt7a is downregulated in lung cancers, functioning as a tumor suppressor, however, it is upregulated in several other malignancies such as ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and glioma, acting as a tumor promoter. Moreover, Wnt7a overexpression is associated with inflammation and fibrosis, but its roles need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Lan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Spleen Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianmin Bu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Spleen Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Brodski C, Blaess S, Partanen J, Prakash N. Crosstalk of Intercellular Signaling Pathways in the Generation of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons In Vivo and from Stem Cells. J Dev Biol 2019; 7:jdb7010003. [PMID: 30650592 PMCID: PMC6473842 DOI: 10.3390/jdb7010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine-synthesizing neurons located in the mammalian ventral midbrain are at the center stage of biomedical research due to their involvement in severe human neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, most prominently Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The induction of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons depends on two important signaling centers of the mammalian embryo: the ventral midline or floor plate (FP) of the neural tube, and the isthmic organizer (IsO) at the mid-/hindbrain boundary (MHB). Cells located within and close to the FP secrete sonic hedgehog (SHH), and members of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT1/5A), as well as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family. The IsO cells secrete WNT1 and the fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8). Accordingly, the FGF8, SHH, WNT, and BMP signaling pathways play crucial roles during the development of the mDA neurons in the mammalian embryo. Moreover, these morphogens are essential for the generation of stem cell-derived mDA neurons, which are critical for the modeling, drug screening, and cell replacement therapy of PD. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the functions and crosstalk of these signaling pathways in mammalian mDA neuron development in vivo and their applications in stem cell-based paradigms for the efficient derivation of these neurons in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Brodski
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Sandra Blaess
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Juha Partanen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, FIN00014-University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, Viikinkaari 9, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Nilima Prakash
- Department Hamm 2, Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied Sciences, 59063 Hamm, Germany.
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11
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The Matricellular Protein R-Spondin 2 Promotes Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurogenesis and Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:651-664. [PMID: 30146491 PMCID: PMC6135723 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons is controlled by multiple morphogens and transcription factors. However, little is known about the role of extracellular matrix proteins in this process. Here we examined the function of roof plate-specific spondins (RSPO1-4) and the floor plate-specific, spondin 1 (SPON1). Only RSPO2 and SPON1 were expressed at high levels during mDA neurogenesis, and the receptor LGR5 was expressed by midbrain floor plate progenitors. Surprisingly, RSPO2, but not SPON1, specifically promoted the differentiation of mDA neuroblasts into mDA neurons in mouse primary cultures and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In addition, RSPO2 was found to promote not only mDA differentiation, but also mDA neurogenesis in human ESCs. Our results thus uncover an unexpected function of the matricellular protein RSPO2 and suggest an application to improve mDA neurogenesis and differentiation in human stem cell preparations destined to cell replacement therapy or drug discovery for Parkinson disease. Rspo2 is dynamically expressed during midbrain dopaminergic neuron development RSPO2 promotes the dopaminergic differentiation of mouse neurons in culture RSPO2 increases dopaminergic neurogenesis and differentiation of human ESCs
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12
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Miao N, Bian S, Lee T, Mubarak T, Huang S, Wen Z, Hussain G, Sun T. Opposite Roles of Wnt7a and Sfrp1 in Modulating Proper Development of Neural Progenitors in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:247. [PMID: 30065628 PMCID: PMC6056652 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wingless (Wnt)-mediated signals are involved in many important aspects of development of the mammalian cerebral cortex. How Wnts interact with their modulators in cortical development is still unclear. Here, we show that Wnt7a and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (Sfrp1), a soluble modulator of Wnts, are co-expressed in mouse embryonic cortical neural progenitors (NPs). Knockout of Wnt7a in mice causes microcephaly due to reduced NP population and neurogenesis, and Sfrp1 has an opposing effect compared to Wnt7a. Similar to Dkk1, Sfrp1 decreases the Wnt1 and Wnt7a activity in vitro. Our results suggest that Wnt7a and Sfrp1 play opposite roles to ensure proper NP progeny in the developing cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Miao
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan Bian
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Trevor Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Taufif Mubarak
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shiying Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Wen
- Marine Biomedical Laboratory and Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tao Sun
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Oliva CA, Montecinos-Oliva C, Inestrosa NC. Wnt Signaling in the Central Nervous System: New Insights in Health and Disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:81-130. [PMID: 29389523 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery, Wnt signaling has been shown to be one of the most crucial morphogens in development and during the maturation of central nervous system. Its action is relevant during the establishment and maintenance of synaptic structure and neuronal function. In this chapter, we will discuss the most recent evidence on these aspects, and we will explore the evidence that involves Wnt signaling on other less known functions, such as in adult neurogenesis, in the generation of oscillatory neural rhythms, and in adult behavior. The dysfunction of Wnt signaling at different levels will be also discussed, in particular in those aspects that have been found to be linked with several neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders. Finally, we will address the possibility of Wnt signaling manipulation to treat those pathophysiological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A Oliva
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Montecinos-Oliva
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-UC), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Center of Excellence in Biomedicine of Magallanes (CEBIMA), University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.
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14
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Toledo EM, Gyllborg D, Arenas E. Translation of WNT developmental programs into stem cell replacement strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4716-4724. [PMID: 28547771 PMCID: PMC5727333 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signalling is a highly conserved pathway across species that is critical for normal development and is deregulated in multiple disorders including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Wnt signalling is critically required for midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuron development and maintenance. Understanding the molecular processes controlled by Wnt signalling may thus hold the key to understand the physiopathology and to develop novel therapies aimed at preventing the loss of mDA neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). Pharmacological tools to activate Wnt signalling have been used to translate in vivo developmental processes into protocols for the generation of bona fide mDA neurons from human pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, these protocols are currently being fine-tuned to generate mDA neurons for clinical trials in PD. At the same time, a vast amount of molecular details of Wnt signalling continues to emerge and remains to be implemented into new protocols. We hereby review novel pharmacological tools to activate Wnt signalling and how single-cell RNA-sequencing is contributing to unravel the complexity of this pathway in the developing human ventral midbrain, generating novel hypotheses and identifying new players and opportunities to further improve cell replacement therapy for PD. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique M Toledo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Daniel Gyllborg
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Ernest Arenas
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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15
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Homophilic binding of the neural cell adhesion molecule CHL1 regulates development of ventral midbrain dopaminergic pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9368. [PMID: 28839197 PMCID: PMC5570898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09599-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal development of ventral midbrain (VM) dopaminergic (DA) pathways, essential for motor and cognitive function, may underpin a number of neurological disorders and thereby highlight the importance of understanding the birth and connectivity of the associated neurons. While a number of regulators of VM DA neurogenesis are known, processes involved in later developmental events, including terminal differentiation and axon morphogenesis, are less well understood. Recent transcriptional analysis studies of the developing VM identified genes expressed during these stages, including the cell adhesion molecule with homology to L1 (Chl1). Here, we map the temporal and spatial expression of CHL1 and assess functional roles of substrate-bound and soluble-forms of the protein during VM DA development. Results showed early CHL1 in the VM, corresponding with roles in DA progenitor migration and differentiation. Subsequently, we demonstrated roles for CHL1 in both axonal extension and repulsion, selectively of DA neurons, suggestive of a role in guidance towards forebrain targets and away from hindbrain nuclei. In part, CHL1 mediates these roles through homophilic CHL1-CHL1 interactions. Collectively, these findings enhance our knowledge of VM DA pathways development, and may provide new insights into understanding DA developmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorders.
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16
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Brignani S, Pasterkamp RJ. Neuronal Subset-Specific Migration and Axonal Wiring Mechanisms in the Developing Midbrain Dopamine System. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:55. [PMID: 28740464 PMCID: PMC5502286 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The midbrain dopamine (mDA) system is involved in the control of cognitive and motor behaviors, and is associated with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. mDA neurons receive diverse afferent inputs and establish efferent connections with many brain areas. Recent studies have unveiled a high level of molecular and cellular heterogeneity within the mDA system with specific subsets of mDA neurons displaying select molecular profiles and connectivity patterns. During mDA neuron development, molecular differences between mDA neuron subsets allow the establishment of subset-specific afferent and efferent connections and functional roles. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent work defining novel mDA neuron subsets based on specific molecular signatures. Then, molecular cues are highlighted that control mDA neuron migration during embryonic development and that facilitate the formation of selective patterns of efferent connections. The review focuses largely on studies that show differences in these mechanisms between different subsets of mDA neurons and for which in vivo data is available, and is concluded by a section that discusses open questions and provides directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brignani
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht, Netherlands
| | - R J Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht, Netherlands
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17
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Mulligan KA, Cheyette BNR. Neurodevelopmental Perspectives on Wnt Signaling in Psychiatry. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2017; 2:219-246. [PMID: 28277568 DOI: 10.1159/000453266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that Wnt signaling is relevant to pathophysiology of diverse mental illnesses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. In the 35 years since Wnt ligands were first described, animal studies have richly explored how downstream Wnt signaling pathways affect an array of neurodevelopmental processes and how their disruption can lead to both neurological and behavioral phenotypes. Recently, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models have begun to contribute to this literature while pushing it in increasingly translational directions. Simultaneously, large-scale human genomic studies are providing evidence that sequence variation in Wnt signal pathway genes contributes to pathogenesis in several psychiatric disorders. This article reviews neurodevelopmental and postneurodevelopmental functions of Wnt signaling, highlighting mechanisms, whereby its disruption might contribute to psychiatric illness, and then reviews the most reliable recent genetic evidence supporting that mutations in Wnt pathway genes contribute to psychiatric illness. We are proponents of the notion that studies in animal and hiPSC models informed by the human genetic data combined with the deep knowledge base and tool kits generated over the last several decades of basic neurodevelopmental research will yield near-term tangible advances in neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Mulligan
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin N R Cheyette
- Department of Psychiatry, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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18
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Muzio L, Brambilla V, Calcaterra L, D’Adamo P, Martino G, Benedetti F. Increased neuroplasticity and hippocampal microglia activation in a mice model of rapid antidepressant treatment. Behav Brain Res 2016; 311:392-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Noda M, Vallon M, Kuo CJ. The Wnt7's Tale: A story of an orphan who finds her tie to a famous family. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:576-82. [PMID: 26934061 PMCID: PMC4970824 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation suppressor gene RECK was isolated by cDNA expression cloning (1998), and GPR124/TEM5 was detected as a tumor endothelial marker by differential screening (2000). The importance of Wnt7a/b and Gpr124 in brain angiogenesis was demonstrated by reverse genetics in mice (2008–2010). A series of recent studies using genetically engineered mice and zebrafish as well as luciferase reporter assays in cultured cells led to the discovery of functional interactions among Reck, Gpr124, and Wnt7a/b in triggering canonical Wnt signaling with relevance to embryonic brain angiogenesis and blood–brain barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Noda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mario Vallon
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Calvin J Kuo
- Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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20
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Long K, Moss L, Laursen L, Boulter L, Ffrench-Constant C. Integrin signalling regulates the expansion of neuroepithelial progenitors and neurogenesis via Wnt7a and Decorin. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10354. [PMID: 26838601 PMCID: PMC4742793 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the cerebral cortex requires regulation of proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and a diverse range of progenitors. Recent work suggests a role for extracellular matrix (ECM) and the major family of ECM receptors, the integrins. Here we show that enhancing integrin beta-1 signalling, by expressing a constitutively active integrin beta-1 (CA*β1) in the embryonic chick mesencephalon, enhances neurogenesis and increases the number of mitotic cells dividing away from the ventricular surface, analogous to sub-apical progenitors in mouse. Only non-integrin-expressing neighbouring cells (lacking CA*β1) contributed to the increased neurogenesis. Transcriptome analysis reveals upregulation of Wnt7a within the CA*β1 cells and upregulation of the ECM protein Decorin in the neighbouring non-expressing cells. Experiments using inhibitors in explant models and genetic knock-downs in vivo reveal an integrin-Wnt7a-Decorin pathway that promotes proliferation and differentiation of neuroepithelial cells, and identify Decorin as a novel neurogenic factor in the central nervous system. The extracellular matrix is suggested to play a role in neurogenesis, but it is unclear what role integrin signalling may play in the developing neuroepithelium. Here, in chick, Long et al. show that expression of constitutively active integrin beta-1 enhances neurogenesis via a novel Wnt7 and decorin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Long
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - L Moss
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - L Laursen
- Department of Molecular biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - L Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - C Ffrench-Constant
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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21
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Gazea M, Tasouri E, Tolve M, Bosch V, Kabanova A, Gojak C, Kurtulmus B, Novikov O, Spatz J, Pereira G, Hübner W, Brodski C, Tucker KL, Blaess S. Primary cilia are critical for Sonic hedgehog-mediated dopaminergic neurogenesis in the embryonic midbrain. Dev Biol 2015; 409:55-71. [PMID: 26542012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons modulate various motor and cognitive functions, and their dysfunction or degeneration has been implicated in several psychiatric diseases. Both Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and Wnt signaling pathways have been shown to be essential for normal development of mDA neurons. Primary cilia are critical for the development of a number of structures in the brain by serving as a hub for essential developmental signaling cascades, but their role in the generation of mDA neurons has not been examined. We analyzed mutant mouse lines deficient in the intraflagellar transport protein IFT88, which is critical for primary cilia function. Conditional inactivation of Ift88 in the midbrain after E9.0 results in progressive loss of primary cilia, a decreased size of the mDA progenitor domain, and a reduction in mDA neurons. We identified Shh signaling as the primary cause of these defects, since conditional inactivation of the Shh signaling pathway after E9.0, through genetic ablation of Gli2 and Gli3 in the midbrain, results in a phenotype basically identical to the one seen in Ift88 conditional mutants. Moreover, the expansion of the mDA progenitor domain observed when Shh signaling is constitutively activated does not occur in absence of Ift88. In contrast, clusters of Shh-responding progenitors are maintained in the ventral midbrain of the hypomorphic Ift88 mouse mutant, cobblestone. Despite the residual Shh signaling, the integrity of the mDA progenitor domain is severely disturbed, and consequently very few mDA neurons are generated in cobblestone mutants. Our results identify for the first time a crucial role of primary cilia in the induction of mDA progenitors, define a narrow time window in which Shh-mediated signaling is dependent upon normal primary cilia function for this purpose, and suggest that later Wnt signaling-dependent events act independently of primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gazea
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Evangelia Tasouri
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marianna Tolve
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Viktoria Bosch
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Kabanova
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Gojak
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bahtiyar Kurtulmus
- Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Orna Novikov
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Joachim Spatz
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hübner
- Molecular Biophotonics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Claude Brodski
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Kerry L Tucker
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; University of New England, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.
| | - Sandra Blaess
- University of New England, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.
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22
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Bengoa-Vergniory N, Kypta RM. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling in neural stem/progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4157-72. [PMID: 26306936 PMCID: PMC11113751 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The first mammalian Wnt to be discovered, Wnt-1, was found to be essential for the development of a large part of the mouse brain over 25 years ago. We have since learned that Wnt family secreted glycolipoproteins, of which there are nineteen, which activate a diverse network of signals that are particularly important during embryonic development and tissue regeneration. Wnt signals in the developing and adult brain can drive neural stem cell self-renewal, expansion, asymmetric cell division, maturation and differentiation. The molecular events taking place after a Wnt binds to its cell-surface receptors are complex and, at times, controversial. A deeper understanding of these events is anticipated to lead to improvements in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and stem cell-based replacement therapies. Here, we review the roles played by Wnts in neural stem cells in the developing mouse brain, at neurogenic sites of the adult mouse and in neural stem cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bengoa-Vergniory
- Cell Biology and Stem Cells Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Bilbao, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
| | - Robert M Kypta
- Cell Biology and Stem Cells Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Bilbao, Spain.
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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23
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Ohnishi M, Urasaki T, Ochiai H, Matsuoka K, Takeo S, Harada T, Ohsugi Y, Inoue A. Selective enhancement of wnt4 expression by cyclic AMP-associated cooperation between rat central astrocytes and microglia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:367-72. [PMID: 26431871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The wnt protein family has important members involved in cell differentiation, proliferation and plasticity expression; however, little is known about its biosynthesis processes. On the other hand, an increase in the intracerebral cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) level leads to synaptic plasticity via the de novo synthesis of any protein. Here, the effect of dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), a membrane permeability cAMP analog, on the wnt family was investigated in rat primary-cultured glial cells containing astrocytes and microglia. Among wnt3a, 4, 5a, 7a and 11 mRNA, only wnt4 expression was increased by longer treatment (24 h), compared with short treatment (2 h), with dbcAMP in a concentration-dependent manner, and its effect reached statistical significance at 1 mM. In cultures of isolated astrocytes or microglia, wnt4 expression was not affected by 1 mM dbcAMP for 24 h, and microglial wnt4 protein was undetectable even when cells were treated with the drug. Mixed glial cells treated for 24 h with 1 mM dbcAMP showed significantly increased wnt4 protein, as well as mRNA. Immunofluorescence manifested that cells that expressed wnt4 protein were astrocytes, but not microglia. Intraperitoneal injection of 1.25 mg/kg rolipram, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) IV inhibitor that can pass through the blood brain barrier and inhibits cAMP degradation specifically, showed a tendency to increase wnt4 expression in the adult rat brain after 24 h, and the increases in wnt4 mRNA and protein levels reached statistical significance in the hippocampus and striatum, respectively. This is the first finding to help elucidate the selective biosynthesis of central wnt4 through cAMP-stimulated microglia and astrocytes interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan; Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Urasaki
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ochiai
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Kohei Matsuoka
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Shin Takeo
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Tomoki Harada
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Ohsugi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Atsuko Inoue
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan; Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
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Somaa FA, Bye CR, Thompson LH, Parish CL. Meningeal cells influence midbrain development and the engraftment of dopamine progenitors in Parkinsonian mice. Exp Neurol 2015; 267:30-41. [PMID: 25708989 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neuroblasts, isolated from ventral midbrain fetal tissue, have been shown to structurally and functionally integrate, and alleviate Parkinsonian symptoms following transplantation. The use of donor tissue isolated at an age younger than conventionally employed can result in larger grafts - a consequence of improved cell survival and neuroblast proliferation at the time of implantation. However studies have paid little attention to removal of the meninges from younger tissue, due to its age-dependent tight attachment to the underlying brain. Beyond the protection of the central nervous system, the meninges act as a signaling center, secreting a variety of trophins to influence neural development and additionally impact on neural repair. However it remains to be elucidated what influence these cells have on ventral midbrain development and grafted dopaminergic neuroblasts. Here we examined the temporal role of meningeal cells in graft integration in Parkinsonian mice and, using in vitro approaches, identified the mechanisms underlying the roles of meningeal cells in midbrain development. We demonstrate that young (embryonic day 10), but not older (E12), meningeal cells promote dopaminergic differentiation as well as neurite growth and guidance within grafts and during development. Furthermore we identify stromal derived factor 1 (SDF1), secreted by the meninges and acting on the CXCR4 receptor present on dopaminergic progenitors, as a contributory mediator in these effects. These findings identify new and important roles for the meningeal cells, and SDF1/CXCR4 signaling, in ventral midbrain development as well as neural repair following cell transplantation into the Parkinsonian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad A Somaa
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christopher R Bye
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Lachlan H Thompson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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